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Rank[6]
Police General (PGEN)
Police Lieutenant General (PLTGEN)
Police Major General (PMGEN)
Police Brigadier General (PBGEN)
Police Colonel (PCOL)
Police Lieutenant Colonel (PLTCOL)
Police Major (PMAJ)
Police Captain (PCPT)
Police Lieutenant (PLT)
Police Executive Master Sergeant (PEMS)
Police Chief Master Sergeant (PCMS)

Police Senior Master Sergeant (PSMS)
Police Master Sergeant (PMSg)
Police Staff Sergeant (PSSg)
Police Corporal (PCpl)
Patrolman / Patrolwoman (Pat)
As of February 8, 2019, a new ranking classification for the Philippine National Police was adopted,
eliminating confusion of old ranks. [1][2] The enabling law for the ranking is Republic Act 11200 which
was signed by President Rodrigo Duterte, amending the section of the Department of the Interior
and Local Government Act of 1990 that refers to the ranking classification of the Philippine National
Police.[3]
However, the usage of this classification internally by the PNP was put on hold in March 2019 during
the creation of rules and regulations (IRR) of the rank classification, which determined how each
rank would be officially abbreviated.[4] The new rank abbreviations and the IRR of the new rank
system officially took effect on March 25, 2019.[5][6]
Full set of ranks[edit]

Per the current (2019) rank system, the National Police has no rank holders of Second Lieutenant,
Technical Sergeant, Sergeant and Patrolman First Class.
1991–2019 PNP classification[edit]

The Department of the Interior and Local Government Act of 1990 or Republic Act No. 6975
established the Philippine National Police under the Department of the Interior and Local
Government[7], and later orders of the Department formed the basis for the creation of a common
rank system for the public security forces of the republic, which the National Police used for over two
decades.
Insignia Rank Equivalent rank (2019)
Director General Police General
Deputy Director General Police Lieutenant General
Director Police Major General
Chief Superintendent Police Brigadier General
Senior Superintendent Police Colonel
Superintendent Police Lieutenant Colonel
Chief Inspector Police Major
Senior Inspector Police Captain
Inspector Police Lieutenant
Senior Police Officer IV (SPO4) Police Executive Master Sergeant
Senior Police Officer III (SPO3) Police Chief Master Sergeant
Senior Police Officer II (SPO2) Police Senior Master Sergeant

Senior Police Officer I (SPO1) Police Master Sergeant
Police Officer III (PO3) Police Staff Sergeant
Police Officer II (PO2) Police Corporal
Police Officer I (PO1) Patrolman / Patrolwoman

Comparative Police System Reviewer
1998 - Asean Chiefs of Police (Aseanapol) was estabished.
Members Aseanapol
1. Indonesia
2. Malaysia
3. Philippines
4. Singapore
5. Thailand
6. Brunei Darussalam
7. Vietnam
8. Laos PDR
9. Myanmar
10.Cambodia
Abu Sayyaf - Abu means father and sayyaf means swordsmith, is a

militant Islamist group based in and around Jolo and Basilan,
Philippines.
Al Qaeda - literally means the base, a global militant Islamist

organization founded by Osama bin Laden, Abdullah Azzam, and
several other militants.
Apostasy - is defined as the conscious abandonment of Islam by a

Muslim in word or through deed. It includes the act of converting to
another religion by a person who was born in a Muslim family or who
had previously accepted Islam.
Arvan Tavnii Tsagdaa - The National Police Agency of Mongolia.

Created in 1965 and with its headquarters in the capital Ulaanbaatar.
Asean Police - Comparison

1. Afghanistan - Name of Police Agency - ANP (Afghanistan National Police)
Under What Department - Ministry of the Interior
Highest Ranking Officer - Police General
Lowest Ranking Officer - 2nd Patrolman
2. Armenia - Name of Police Agency - Police of the Republic of Armenia
Under What Department - Ministry of Defense
Highest Ranking Officer - Police Colonel General
Lowest Ranking Officer - Junior Sergeant
3. Azerbaijan - Name of Police Agency - National Police of the Republic of
Azerbaijan
Under What Department - Ministry of the Internal Affairs
Highest Ranking Officer -
Lowest Ranking Officer -
4. Bahrain - Name of Police Agency - Bahrain National Police
Under What Department - Ministry of Interior
5. Bangladesh - Name of Police Agency - Bangladesh Police
Under What Department - Ministry of Home Affairs
Highest Ranking Officer - Inspector General of Police
Lowest Ranking Officer - Constable
6. Bhutan - Name of Police Agency - Royal Bhutan Police
Under What Department - Ministry of Home and Cultural Affairs
Highest Ranking Officer - Gagpeon (Chief of Police)
Lowest Ranking Officer - Gagpa
7. Brunei - Name of Police Agency - Royal Brunei Police Force
Under What Department - Home Affairs Ministry
8. Myanmar - Name of Police Agency - Myanmar Police Force
Highest Ranking Officer - Police Major General
Lowest Ranking Officer - Private
9. Cambodia - Name of Police Agency - Cambodian Police Force
Under What Department - Ministry of Internal Affairs
Highest Ranking Officer - Brigadier General
Lowest Ranking Officer - Officer Cadet
10.Peoples Republic of China - Name of Police Agency - Peoples Armed
Police Force
Under What Department - Ministry of Public Security
Highest Ranking Officer - Commissioner General
Lowest Ranking Officer - Constable 2nd Class
11.Cyprus - Name of Police Agency - Cyprus Police Force
Under What Department - Ministry of Justice
Highest Ranking Officer - Chief of Police
12.East Timor - Name of Police Agency - National Police of East Timor
13.Georgia - Name of Police Agency - Georgian National Police
Under What Department - Department of Public Safety
Highest Ranking Officer - Commissioner of Police
14.Hongkong - Name of Police Agency - Hongkong Police Force
Under What Department - Operations and Support
15.India - Name of Police Agency - Indian Police Service
Highest Ranking Officer - Commissioner
16.Indonesia - Name of Police Agency - Indonesian National Police
Lowest Ranking Officer - 2nd Bhayangkar
17.Iran - Name of Police Agency - Iranian National Police
Under What Department - Ministry of Interior and Justice
18.Iraq - Name of Police Agency - Iraqi Police Service
Highest Ranking Officer - Chief of Police
Lowest Ranking Officer - Patrolman
19.Israel - Name of Police Agency - Israeli Police Force
Under What Department - Ministry of Internal Security
Highest Ranking Officer - Commissioner
20.Japan - Name of Police Agency - National Police Agency
Under What Department - National Public Safety Commission
Lowest Ranking Officer - Police Officer
21.Jordan - Name of Police Agency - Public security Force
Under What Department - Public Security Directorate of
the Ministry of Interior
22.Kazakhstan - Name of Police Agency - National Police of Kazakhstan
Under What Department - National Security Committee of
Ministry of internal Affairs
Highest Ranking Officer - Procurator General
Lowest Ranking Officer - Ryadovoy
23.North Korea - Name of Police Agency - National Police Agency
Highest Ranking Officer - Daewon (Grand Marshall)
Lowest Ranking Officer - Chonsa (Private)
24.South Korea - Name of Police Agency - Korea National Police Agency (KNPA)
Under What Department - Ministry of Government Administration
and Home Affairs
25.Kuwait - Name of Police Agency - Kuwait National Police
Highest Ranking Officer - Lieutenant General
26.Kyrgyzstan - Name of Police Agency - Kyrgyzstan Police
Highest Ranking Officer - General
27.Laos - Name of Police Agency - Laos National Police
28.Lebanon - Name of Police Agency - International Security Forces
Highest Ranking Officer - Director General
Lowest Ranking Officer - Gendarme
29.Macau - Name of Police Agency - Macau National Police Force
Highest Ranking Officer - Superintendent
Lowest Ranking Officer - Guard
30.Malaysia - Name of Police Agency - Royal Malaysian Police
31.Maldives - Name of Police Agency - Maldives Police
Under What Department - National Security and Defense Branch
Lowest Ranking Officer - Lance Constable
32.Mongolia - Name of Police Agency - Mongolia Public Security Force
Under What Department - Ministry of Justice and Home Affairs
Lowest Ranking Officer - Private
33.Nepal - Name of Police Agency - Nepal Police Force
Highest Ranking Officer - Inspector General
34.Oman - Name of Police Agency - Royal Oman Police
Highest Ranking Officer - Lieutenant General
Lowest Ranking Officer - Conscript
35.Pakistan - Name of Police Agency - Pakistan Police Force
Highest Ranking Officer - Inspector General
36.Papua New Guinea - Name of Police Agency - Royal Papua New Guinea
Constabulary
Under What Department -
Lowest Ranking Officer - Kiap (Patrol Officer)
37.Philippines - Name of Police Agency - Philippine National Police
Under What Department - Department of Interior and
Local Government
Lowest Ranking Officer - Police Officer 1
38.Qatar - Name of Police Agency - Qatar National Police
Lowest Ranking Officer - Shurti
39.Russia - Name of Police Agency - Militsiya
Highest Ranking Officer - Police Colonel
Lowest Ranking Officer - Police Cadet
40.Saudi Arabia - Name of Police Agency - Departmemnt of Security
Under What Department -
41.Singapore - Name of Police Agency - Singapore Police Force
Lowest Ranking Officer - Police Constable
42.Sri Lanka - Name of Police Agency - Sri Lanka Police Service
Under What Department - Defense Ministry
Lowest Ranking Officer - Police Constable Class 4
43.Syria - Name of Police Agency - Syria Public Security Police
Lowest Ranking Officer - Police Private
44.Taiwan - Name of Police Agency - National Police Agency
Highest Ranking Officer - Police Supervisor General
Lowest Ranking Officer - Police Rank 4
45.Thailand - Name of Police Agency - Royal Thai Police Force
46.Turkey - Name of Police Agency - Turkish Police
Lowest Ranking Officer - Police Officer\
47.Turkmenistan - Name of Police Agency - Turkmenistan National Police
Force
Under What Department - Ministry of State Security
48.UAE Dubai - Name of Police Agency - National Police Forces
Highest Ranking Officer - General Commander
49.Uzbekistan - Name of Police Agency - Uzbekistan Police Force
50.Vietnam - Name of Police Agency - Peoples Police of Vietnam
51.Yemen - Name of Police Agency - Yemen National Police Force
Basic Functions of Criminal Justice System

1. Policing
2. Adjudication
3. Correction
Centralized Police - A country with only one recognized police force

which operates entire that country. It uses a centralized system of
policing. Philippines is an example of centralized police because

the Philippine National Police has one central office with many
regional, provincial and local branches throughout the country.
Decentralized police - refers to a system where police

administrations and operations are independent from one state
to another. It is more applicable to countries with federal
government.
Comparative Criminology - Theories (Scheider)

Alertness to crime theory - is that as a nation develops,
people’s alertness to crime is heightened, so they report more
crime to police and also demand the police become moreeffective
at solving crime problems.
Chowkidar - in India, means one who inhabits a "chowki", police station

or guard house.
Economic or migration theory - is that crime everywhere is

the result of unrestrained migration and over population in
urban areas such as ghettos and slums.
Opportunity theory - is that along with higher standards of

living, victims become more careless of their belongings,
and opportunities for committing crime multiply.
Demographic theory - is based on the event of when a greater

number of children are being born, because as these baby booms
grow up, delinquent subcultures develop out of the adolescent

identity crisis. Deprivation theory holds that progress comes
along with rising expectations, and people at the bottom develop
unrealistic expectations while people at the top don’t see
themselves rising fast enough.
Modernization theory - sees the problem as society becoming too
complex.
Theory of anomie and synomie - (the latter being a term

referring to social cohesion on values), suggests that
progressive lifestyle and norms result in the disintegration
of older norms that once held people together (anomie).
Chusai-san - the rural police officer in Japan.
Comparative Criminal Justice - it is as subfield of the study of

criminal justice systems worldwide. It studies the similarities and
differences in structure, goals, punishment and emphasis on rights
as well as the history and political stature of different systems.
Comparative Police System - it is the science and art of investigating

and comparing the police system of nations. It covers the study of
police organizations, trainings and methods of policing of various nations.
Confucian thought - The belief that social order can be achieved

through moral and political reform because man is by nature good or
capable of goodness.
Countries With Less Or No Crime

1. Switzerland
2. Japan
3. Ireland
4. Egypt - Siwa Oasis
Cybercrimes - are generally defined as any type of illegal activity

that makes use of the Internet, a private or public network, or an
in-house computer system.
Cyberstalking - a technologically based attack on person because

of anger, revenge, or control.
Computer Fraud - altering data or gaining unlawful use of

computer or services.
Identity Theft - using another's personal information to commit

fraud or other crimes.
Computer Viruses - a program that copies itself and infects a
computer.
Denial of Service Attacks - making service unavailable to users.
Malware - malicious software that interferes with the functioning

of computers and sending data of user over the internet.
Information warfare - attacks on information and computer systems.
Different Police Global Organizations

1. ASEAN Chiefs of Police
2. Europol
3. IACP
4. Interpol
5. UN policing
Drug Trafficking - Drug trafficking is the commercial exchange of drugs

and drug paraphernalia. This include any equipment used to manufacture
illegal drugs or use them.
Elliniki Astynomia - is the national police service of Greece.
EUROPOL - It means European Police Office or Europol. Europol is the

European Union’s criminal intelligence agency. It became fully
operational on July 1,1999. Europol only acts on request at present.
EUROPOL's Mandate
1. llicit drug trafficking
2. Illicit immigration networks;
3. Terrorism; Forgery of money (counterfeiting of the euro)
and other means of payment;
4. Trafficking in human beings (including child pornography);
5. Illicit vehicle trafficking;
6. Money laundering
Gendarmerie Nationale - is the national rural police force of Algeria.
National Gendarmerie - is a branch of the French Armed Forces,

in charge of public safety, with police duties among the
civilian population.
Globalization - is a process of interaction and integration among
the people, companies,and government of different nations, as process
driven by international trade and investment and aided by information
technology.
Hezbollah - literally means "Party of God", is a Shi'a Islamist militant

group and political party based in Lebanon.
Hongkong Police Force - It is the world's second, and Asia's first,

police agency to operate with a modern policing system.
Human Trafficking - the illegal movement of people, typically for the

purposes of forced labor or commercial sexual exploitation.
IACP - (International Association of Chiefs of Police) the world’s

oldest and largest nonprofit membership organization of police
executives, with over 20,000 members in over 80 different countries.
IACP’s leadership consists of the operating chief executes of
international, federal, state and local agencies of all sizes.
Illegal Drug Trade - the term being used in the international scene,
it is a more comprehensive term than drug trafficking as it includes
cultivation and manufacture.
International Crime - Defined as crimes against the peace and security

of mankind.
International Crimes
1. Aggression (by one state against another)
2. Treat of aggression
3. Genocide (destroying a national, ethnic, racial, or
religious group)
4. Terrorism
5. Drug trafficking
International Criminal Justice - It involves the study and description

of one country’s law, criminal procedure, or justice. Comparative
criminal justice system attempts to build on the knowledge of criminal
justice in one country by investigating and evaluating, in terms of
another country,culture, or institution.
Interpol - (International Criminal Police Organization) It began in
1923,and at the same time its name was International Criminal
Police Commission. In 1956, its name became International Criminal
Police Organization. Slowly, the name of this international organization
became famous as Interpol. Now,Interpol is the second biggest
international organization; the United Nations is the first.
Jemaah Islamiyah - (Islamic Congregation) is a Southeast Asian militant

Islamist terrorist organization dedicated to the establishment of a
regional Islamic caliphate in Southeast Asia.
Jolly R. Bugarin - a Filipino former President of the Interpol, from

1980 to 1984. He is the only Filipino who had achieved that feat.
Koban - is a small neighborhood police station found in Japan. Often

translated to English as Police Box. Koban are staffed by a relatively
small number of police officers (usually 3-5 officers).
Chuzaisho - (residential police box) is usually staffed by a

single officer. The Chuzaisho is typically located outside of
urban districts in villages and is operated by one community
officer, who resides with his family in this police facility.
Hashutsusho - (police box) The Hashutsusho is typically placed

in an urban district and is operated by a number of community
police officers who work under a shift system. The community
officers generally live in the jurisdiction served by the
Hashutsusho.
Model System - is used to described the countries being used as

topics of discussion.These countries are chosen not because they are
greater than others but because they are thefocus of comparison
being studied.
Money Laundering - the concealment of the origins of illegally obtained

money, typically by means of transfers involving foreign banks or
legitimate businesses.
Mutawa - religious police in Saudi Arabia whose duty is to ensure

strict adherence to established codes of conduct.
National Public Safety Commission - is the policy making and oversight

body of the national police forces in Japan and South Korea.
Ngā Pirihimana o Aotearoa - it literally means "the policeman", is the

national police force of New Zealand. Policing in New Zealand started
in 1840.
Palermo Protocols - are three protocols that were adopted by the

United Nations to supplement the 2000 Convention against Transnational
Organized Crime. They are:
1. The Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in
Persons, especially Women and Children; and
2. The Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land,
Sea and Air.
3. The Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing and Trafficking
in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition
POLRI - (Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia) Indonesian National Police.

The Chief of Police of Indonesia is called Kapolri.
Police Box - is a British telephone kiosk or callbox located in a public

place for the use of members of the police, or for members of the public
to contact the police. Most are disused at present with the advent of
two way radio and mobile phones.
Polis Diraja - the Royal Malaysia police.
RA 8792 - Electronic Commerce Act of 2000.
RA 9208 - The Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003.
RA 9165 - Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002.
RA 9372 - Human Security Act of 2007.
RA 9995 - Anti-Photo and Voyeurism Act of 2009.
Schupo - (Schutzpolizei), the state level police of the German States.
Taliban - means "students", is an Islamic fundamentalist political

movement in Afghanistan.
Terrorism - the unofficial or unauthorized use of violence and

intimidation in the pursuit of political aims.
Transnational Crime - It is a term that has been used in comparative

and international criminal justice study in recent years to reflect
the complexity and enormity of global crime issues. It is defined
by the United Nations (UN) offences whose inception, proportion
and/or direct or indirect effects involve in more than one country.
Examples of Transnational Crimes

1. Money laundering
2. Drug trafficking
3. Terrorism
4. Human trafficking
5. Cyber crime
Transnational Organized Crime - involves the planning and execution

of illicit business ventures by groups or networks of individuals
working in more than one country. These criminal groups use systematic
violence and corruption to achieve their goal. Crimes commonly
include money laundering; human smuggling; cyber crime; and
trafficking of humans, drugs, weapons,endangered species, body parts,
or nuclear material.
Types of Court Systems of the World

1. Adversarial System - the accused is innocent until proven guilty.
2. Inquisitorial System - the accused is guilty until proven innocent.
Vetting - is the process of performing a background check on someone

to ensure that they are suitable for a job requiring secrecy, loyalty,
or trustworthiness.
Well Known Organized Crime Group

1. Russian Mafia - Around 200 Russian groups that operate in nearly
60 countries worldwide. They have been involved in racketeering,
fraud, tax evasion, gambling, drug trafficking, ransom, robbery
and murder.
2. La Cosa Nostra - Known as the Italian or Italian-American mafia.
The most prominent organized crime group in the world from the
1920’s to the 1990’s. They have been involved in violence, arson,
bombings, torture, sharking, gambling, drug trafficking, health
insurance fraud, and political and judicial corruption.
3. Yakuza - Japanese criminal group. Often involved in multinational
criminals activities,including human trafficking, gambling,
prostitution, and undermining licit businesses.
4. FukChing - Chinese organized group in the United States. They
have been involved in smuggling, street violence, and human
trafficking.
5. Triads - Underground criminal societies based in Hong Kong. They
control secret markets and bus routes and are often involved in
money laundering and drug trafficking.
6. Heijin - Taiwanese gangsters who are often executives in large
corporations. They are often involved in white collar crimes,
such as illegal stock trading and bribery, and sometimes run
for public office.
7. Jao Pho - Organized crime group in Thailand. They are often
involved in illegal political and business activity.
8. Red Wa - Gangsters from Thailand. They are involved in
manufacturing and trafficking methamphetamine.
1. Interpol as an organization became known as such in

A. 1936
B. 1946
C. 1956
D. 1966
2. The Organization known simply as Interpol is the

A. International Police Association
B. Association of Chief of Police
C. International Criminal Police Organization
D. None of the Above
3. The Present Interpol was officially created as the International

Criminal Police Commission in what year?
A. 1913
B. 1923
C. 1933
D. 1943
4. It is the world’s largest international police organization, with

190 member countries.
A. International Police Organization
B. Aseanapol
C. Interpol
D. Borderpol
5. It is the Interpol's supreme governing body. It meets annually to

take all important decisions related to policy, resources, working
methods, finances, activities and programmes.
A. General Assembly
B. Executive Committee
C. General Secretariat
D. National Central Bureaus
6. Elected by the General Assembly, It is headed by the President of

the Interpol. It provides guidance and direction to the Organization
and oversees the implementation of decisions made at the annual
General Assembly.
A. General Assembly
7. It is considered the lifeblood of INTERPOL because it contributes

to the criminal databases and cooperating together on cross-border
investigations, operations and arrests.
A. General Assembly
8. Interpol has how many member countries?

A. 180
B. 185
C. 190
D. 195
9. Cambodia National Police was established in what year?

A. 1945
B. 1946
C. 1947
D. 1948
10. The Permanent seat of the Aseanapol secretariat is in what place?

A. Manila
B. Kuala Lumpur
C. Hanoi
D. Jakarta
Answer:
1. C
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. A
6. B
7. D
8. C
9. A
10. B
. The First Aseanapol meeting of Chief of Police was held in

A. Manila
B. Kuala Lumpur
C. Hanoi
D. Jakarta
2. The first formal meeting of the Chiefs of ASEAN Police was held on
A. 1981
B. 1982
C. 1983
D. 1984
3. One of the following is not an original member of Aseanapol.

A. Malaysia
B. Singapore
C. Thailand
D. Cambodia
4. Aseanapol has how many member countries?

A. 8
B. 9
C. 10
D. 11
5. The Royal Brunei Police joined Aseanapol in what year?
A. 1983
B. 1984
C. 1985
D. 1986
6. The Republic of Vietnam National Police joined Aseanapol in what year?

A. 1996
B. 1997
C. 1998
D. 1999
7. The Laos General Department of Police joined Aseanapol in what year?

A. 1996
B. 1997
C. 1998
D. 1999
8. The Myanmar Police Force joined Aseanapol in what year?

A. 1996
B. 1997
C. 1998
D. 1999
9. The Cambodia National Police joined Aseanapol in what year?

A. 1998
B. 1999
C. 2000
D. 2001
10. The Executive Director of Aseanapol has a tenure of how many years?
A. 1 year
B. 2 years
C. 3 years
D. 4 years
Answer:
1. A
2. A
3. D
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. C
8. C
9. C
10. B

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Police General (PGEN)

Police Lieutenant General (PLTGEN)

Police Major General (PMGEN)

Police Brigadier General (PBGEN)

Police Colonel (PCOL)

Police Lieutenant Colonel (PLTCOL)

Police Major (PMAJ)

Police Captain (PCPT)

Police Lieutenant (PLT)

Police Executive Master Sergeant (PEMS)

Police Chief Master Sergeant (PCMS)

Police Master Sergeant (PMSg)

Police Staff Sergeant (PSSg)

Police Corporal (PCpl)

Patrolman / Patrolwoman (Pat)

Full set of ranks[edit]

1991–2019 PNP classification[edit]

Director General Police General

Deputy Director General Police Lieutenant General

Director Police Major General

Chief Superintendent Police Brigadier General

Senior Superintendent Police Colonel

Superintendent Police Lieutenant Colonel

Chief Inspector Police Major

Senior Inspector Police Captain

Inspector Police Lieutenant

Senior Police Officer IV (SPO4) Police Executive Master Sergeant

Senior Police Officer III (SPO3) Police Chief Master Sergeant

Senior Police Officer II (SPO2) Police Senior Master Sergeant

Police Officer III (PO3) Police Staff Sergeant

Police Officer II (PO2) Police Corporal

Police Officer I (PO1) Patrolman / Patrolwoman

1998 - Asean Chiefs of Police (Aseanapol) was estabished.

Abu Sayyaf - Abu means father and sayyaf means swordsmith, is a

Al Qaeda - literally means the base, a global militant Islamist

Apostasy - is defined as the conscious abandonment of Islam by a

Arvan Tavnii Tsagdaa - The National Police Agency of Mongolia.

Asean Police - Comparison

Basic Functions of Criminal Justice System

Centralized Police - A country with only one recognized police force

policing. Philippines is an example of centralized police because

Decentralized police - refers to a system where police

Comparative Criminology - Theories (Scheider)

Chowkidar - in India, means one who inhabits a "chowki", police station

Economic or migration theory - is that crime everywhere is

Opportunity theory - is that along with higher standards of

Demographic theory - is based on the event of when a greater

grow up, delinquent subcultures develop out of the adolescent

Theory of anomie and synomie - (the latter being a term

Chusai-san - the rural police officer in Japan.

Comparative Criminal Justice - it is as subfield of the study of

Comparative Police System - it is the science and art of investigating

Confucian thought - The belief that social order can be achieved

Countries With Less Or No Crime

Cybercrimes - are generally defined as any type of illegal activity

Cyberstalking - a technologically based attack on person because

Computer Fraud - altering data or gaining unlawful use of

Identity Theft - using another's personal information to commit

Denial of Service Attacks - making service unavailable to users.

Malware - malicious software that interferes with the functioning

Information warfare - attacks on information and computer systems.

Different Police Global Organizations