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Greenhouse effect is caused by various green house gases in the atmosphere. All the
green house gases available in the atmosphere allow the passage of short wavelengths
of visible lights of sun through the transparent medium, absorb heat and check the
infrared radiations of longer wavelength to pass back to the space. In this way green
house gases trap the heat from long wavelength radiations which result in increased
temperature of the earth’s surface. Our earth’s surface is getting warm day by day
causing climate change, weather patterns change and declining the healthy living of
human beings, plants and animals.
More than 50% of the heat available at the top of the atmosphere gets absorbed by the
earth’s surface. The level of excess heat trapping is increasing with the rising
concentration of carbon dioxide and other green house gases in the atmosphere.
Carbon dioxide gas has strong absorption power and absorbs infrared radiations
however does not allow to escape back into space and cause global warming.
Some major green house gases are carbon dioxide, water vapour, methane, and ozone
are hugely affecting the environment. The main natural sources of increasing CO2 level
are decay of animals and respiration. And other main reason of decreased utilization of
CO2 is plants cutting. Plants are the main source of utilizing carbon dioxide and
maintaining the level of oxygen. Plants also have ability to reduce the emitted
greenhouse gases through natural cycle. Use of refrigerator produces chloro fluro
carbons which is a green house gas. Major cause of global warming is carbon dioxide
pollution because of increasing industrialization and transportation measures.
Nowadays, once heat and energy absorbed on the earth by the green house gases do
not go back to the space and remains on the earth. The availability of high level of heat
on the earth causes many negative effects and disturbs the ecology balance. There are
many green house gases available on the earth however carbon dioxide and water
vapour have more power to absorb infrared radiations of the earth and block such
radiations to go back to the atmosphere. All the absorbed heat gets re-emitted to the
earth’s surface and heat up the whole earth’s surface by increasing the temperature is
known as green-house effect.
Increasing temperature causes both carbon dioxide and water vapour to get combined
which impacts the global climate. This combined effect may increase the temperature
by 30 degree Celsius in the surface temperature if the level of CO2 becomes double.
The most alarming fact about the ever increasing surface temperature by 1 degree
Celsius may hugely affect crop production all over the world due to warming of surface
layer.
Such a huge alteration in the temperature causes earth to get warmer day by day which
results in the global warming. There are many benefits as well as disadvantages of the
greenhouse effect to the lives on earth. In the absence of it, earth may get too cold and
in the presence of it, earth may get too hot. Both are the harmful to the living beings so,
it is required to keep it in balance. There are many causes of the greenhouse effect.
Three of them are most common and major cause of greenhouse effect which are CO2,
water vapour, and methane. Water vapour is known as natural atmospheric gas
however highly strong to absorb sun rays heat. 80 percent of the total natural
greenhouse warming is caused by the water vapour and left 20 percent by other gasses.
Carbon dioxide gas is considered as the second biggest heat absorber on the earth
which absorbs heat from sun rays. The major reason of CO2 emission is human
activities affecting the level of carbon dioxide in the earth’s atmosphere. Deforestation
and fossil fuels burning are the main human made reasons for CO2 emission. This
continuous in carbon dioxide and other gases causes earth’s temperature to increase
and make it warmer than before. Methane is more powerful than CO2 and can absorb
25 times more infrared radiations. This gas is created by the biological activities like
digestive process of domestic animals, rice cultivation, leakage in domestic and
industrial gas lines, etc. according to the Environmental Media Services Organization,
it is found that only through the greenhouse effect the earth’s surface temperature may
increase by 6 degrees by the year 2100. Global warming is affecting the whole
ecological balance, sea level, corals reefs, marine life, plants, human beings, etc.