Project Name Cal by Date

Structure Chk by Rev

Note No. Project no.

Check for Crack Width as per IRC 112-2011 CL.12.3.4

1 General Data:

Characteristic Strength of Concrete = 50 MPa

Characteristic Strength of Steel = 500 MPa
Clear cover = 50 mm
Assumed width = 1000 mm
Overall depth, h = 350 mm
Effective depth, d = 290 mm
Neutral axis depth factor, x = 92.17 mm
Maximum Diameter of Bar, φ = 20 mm
Modular of Elasticity, ES = 200 GPa
Exposure Condition =
Moderate

Bar Spacing = 125 mm

Ast provided = 2512 mm^2

2 For all stages of Cracking, the design Crack width Wk may be calculated by :

WK = Sr,max ( Єsm - Єcm) < WK,max = 0.3

Where,
Sr,max = Maximum Crack Spacing
Єsm = Mean strain in Reinforcement under relevant combinations of loads
Єcm = Mean strain in Concrete between the cracks

Єsm - Єcm may be calculated from :

( 〖 σ_sc−k 〗 _t f_(ct,eff)/ρ_(p,eff) (1+α_e ρ_(p,eff) ))/E_s

0.6
Єsm - Єcm = ≥ 𝜎_𝑠𝑐/𝐸_𝑆
Єsm - Єcm = = 0.000756 ≥ 0.000663
where,
σsc = steel stress in the crack = 221 Mpa
fct,ef = fctm = 3.5 MPa
Ecm = 35 GPa
αe = modular ratio = Es/Ecm = 5.71
ρp,ef = AS/Ac,ef = 0.029
Ac,ef = Efective area of concrete in tension = 85943.3 mm2
surrounding the r/f of depth hc,ef
hc,ef = lesser of 2.5 (h-d) = 150 mm
or (h-x)/3 = 85.94 mm
or h/2 = 175 mm
kt = empirical coefficient = 0.5
The Crack Spacing Sr,max for various situations given below:

Bar Spacing = 125 <

a. the spacing of bonded reinforcement within the tension zone is reasonably close i.e.≤ 5(C+ φ/2

Sr,max = 3.4𝑐+(0.425𝑘_1 𝑘_2

𝜙)/𝜌_(𝑝,𝑒𝑓𝑓) =

φ = bar diameter =
φeq = (𝑛_1 =
𝜙_1^2+𝑛_2
𝜙_2^2)/(𝑛_1
c = clear cover𝜙_1+𝑛_2
to the longitudinal
𝜙_2 ) reinforcement =
k1 = for deformed bars =
for bars with an efectively plain surface =
For epoxy coated bars,the above values shall be increased by 25 %.
k2 = for bending =
for pure tension =

For cases of eccentric tension or local areas, intermediate values of k 2 ,

Є1 = greater tensile strain =
Є2 = lesser tensile strain =
k2 = (Є1 + Є2)/2Є1 =

b. for deformed bars associated with pure bending

Sr,max = (3.4�+0.17𝜙)/𝜌_(𝑝,𝑒𝑓𝑓 =
)

c. Where the spacing of the bonded reinforcement exceeds 5(C+ φ/2) or where there is no bonde
reinforcement within the tension zone,

Sr,max = 1.3 (h-x) =

h= efective depth =
x= depth of neutral axis from the compression face =

Where the angle between the axes of principal stress and the direction of the reinforcement, for members
reinforced in two orthogonal directios y & z is significant(>15°)

1/(cos𝜃/𝑠_(𝑟,max𝑦 ) +sin𝜃/𝑠_(𝑟,𝑚𝑎×𝑧) )
Sr,max =

θ= angle between the r/f in the y direction & the direction of principal tensile stress
3 For all stages of Cracking, the design Crack width Wk may be calculated by :

WK = Sr,max ( Єsm - Єcm) = 0.22 < 0.3

Table 12.1, IRC 112 :
2011

Table 6.5 IRC 112 :

2011
 300 mm

onably close i.e.≤ 5(C+ φ/2)

286.32 mm

20 mm

50 mm
0.8
1.6

0.5
1

0
0
0

5932.55 mm

r where there is no bonded

335.179 mm

350 mm
92.17 mm

nforcement, for members

n of principal tensile stress

….OK
Check for Crack Width

Width assumed (mm) 1000

Overall Depth (mm) 350
Efective Depth (mm) 290
Dia. of steel (mm) 20
Spacing (mm) 125
Ast provided (mm2) 2512
Cover to R/F (mm) 50
Modular Ratio, αe 5.71
Depth of N.A.,X (mm) 92.17
Stress, σsc (MPa) 221
Esteel (GPa) 200
kt 0.5
fct,ef 3.5
Ac,ef 85943.33
ρp,ef 0.03
Єsm-Єcm 0.000756
Sr,max 286.32
Wk 0.22
Wk,max 0.3
….OK
Project Name Cal by Date
Structure Chk by Rev
Note No. Project no.

15.0 RAFT DESIGN

15.1 General Data:

Characteristic Strength of Concrete = 35 N/mm2

Characteristic Strength of Steel = 500 N/mm2
Clear cover to Bottom Reinforcement = 50 mm
Clear Cover to Top Reinforcement = 50 mm

15.2 Design For 1000mm Thick Raft

Diameter of bottom Bars

In X Direction = 16 mm
In Z Direction = 16 mm
Diameter of Top Bars
In X Direction = 16 mm
In Z Direction = 16 mm
Effective cover to Bottom Reinforcement
In X Direction = 58 mm
In Z Direction = 74 mm
Effective Cover to Top Reinforcement
In X Direction = 58 mm
In Z Direction = 74 mm
Depth of Raft = 900 mm
Effective depth of the raft
In X Direction = 842 mm
In Z Direction = 826 mm

A Summary of Staad Reults for Bending moments

Mx My Mxy
Plate L/C
kNm/m kNm/m kNm/m
Max Mx 5528 71 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + 1.60 EQ LONG 159.78 -5.38 -9.25
Min Mx 4452 71 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + 1.60 EQ LONG -116.10 -6.20 -22.56
Max My 7134 51 2.0 SIDL + 1.25 DL + 1.50 LL 7.92 171.03 -10.13
Min My 5302 61 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + 1.60 WL -85.35 -89.53 -13.57
Max Mxy 7209 71 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + 1.60 EQ LONG 11.53 -48.48 37.38
Min Mxy 7143 71 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + 1.60 EQ LONG 38.95 51.69 -61.29

B Moment Calculations

Mx My Mxy Mx+Mxy Mx-Mxy My+Mxy My-Mxy

Plate L/C
kNm/m kNm/m kNm/m kNm/m kNm/m kNm/m kNm/m
Max Mx 5528 71 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + 159.78 -5.38 -9.25 150.53 169.03 -14.63 3.87
Min Mx 4452 71 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + -116.10 -6.20 -22.56 -138.66 -93.54 -28.76 16.36
Max My 7134 51 2.0 SIDL + 1.25 DL + 7.92 171.03 -10.13 -2.21 18.04 160.90 181.15
Min My 5302 61 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + -85.35 -89.53 -13.57 -98.92 -71.79 -103.09 -75.96
Max Mxy 7209 71 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + 11.53 -48.48 37.38 48.91 -25.84 -11.10 -85.85
Min Mxy 7143 71 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + 38.95 51.69 -61.29 -22.34 100.25 -9.60 112.98

Moment along X Direction

Moment for bottom reinforcement design Muxb = 169.0 kNm
Moment for top reinforcement design Muxt = -138.7 kNm

Page 9 of 22
Project Name Cal by Date
Structure Chk by Rev
Note No. Project no.

Moment along Z Direction

Moment for bottom reinforcement design Muzb = 181.2 kNm
Moment for top reinforcement design Muzt = -103.1 kNm

Page 10 of 22
Project Name Cal by Date
Structure Chk by Rev
Note No. Project no.

C Reinforcement Calculations

i] Bottom Reinforcement

Reinforcement Along X Direction

Muxb/bd2 = ( 169.027 x 1000000 ) / ( 1000 x 842 x 842 ) = 0.24

 4.6 M u 
1  1 
Fck b d 2 
p t  50 
 Fy 
 Fck 

 

pt required = 0.056 % Minimum pt = 0.12 %

Ast required = 1080 mm2

Provide 16 mm dia bar

Spacing Required = 186.074 mm

Provide 16 mm bars at 150 mm c/c …OK

Ast provided = 1339.73 mm2 pt provided = 0.15 %

Reinforcement Along Z Direction

Muxb/bd2 = ( 181.153 x 1000000 ) / ( 1000 x 826 x 826 ) = 0.266

pt required = 0.062 % Minimum pt = 0.12 %

Ast required = 1080 mm2

Provide 16 mm dia bar

Spacing Required = 186.074 mm

Provide 16 mm bars at 150 mm c/c …OK

Ast provided = 1339.73 mm2 pt provided = 0.15 %

ii] Top Reinforcement

Reinforcement Along X Direction

Muxb/bd2 = ( 138.659 x 1000000 ) / ( 1000 x 842 x 842 ) = 0.196

pt required = 0.046 % Minimum pt = 0.12 %

Ast required = 1080 mm2

Page 11 of 22
Project Name Cal by Date
Structure Chk by Rev
Note No. Project no.

Provide 16 mm dia bar

Spacing Required = 186.074 mm

Provide 16 mm bars at 150 mm c/c …OK

Ast provided = 1339.73 mm2 pt provided = 0.15 %

Page 12 of 22
Project Name Cal by Date
Structure Chk by Rev
Note No. Project no.

Reinforcement Along Z Direction

Muxb/bd2 = ( 103.094 x 1000000 ) / ( 1000 x 826 x 826 ) = 0.152

pt required = 0.036 % Minimum pt = 0.12 %

Ast required = 1080 mm2

Provide 16 mm dia bar

Spacing Required = 186.074 mm

Provide 16 mm bars at 150 mm c/c …OK

Ast provided = 1339.73 mm2 pt provided = 0.15 %

D Shear Check

pt provided = 0.15 %

Permissible Shear Stress ζc = 0.29 N/mm2 ( as per table 19 IS456:2000)

SQX(local) SQY(local) Enhanced Shear Check

distance Plate L/C
N/mm2 N/mm2 Stress (N/mm2)
d/2 0.59 0.36 (4Τc) 1.16 Safe

E Check for Crack Width

Raft Thickness = 900 mm

Width Considered = 1000 mm

Clear Cover = 50 mm

Max Unfactored Moment = 171 kNm/m

The design surface crack width,w is calculated as below:

w = 3 acr x εm
1 + 2 (acr - cmin)/(D-x)

where,

acr = Distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest
longitudinal bar = 58

εm = average strain at the level where the cracking is being considered.

= ε1 - ε2

Cmin = minimum cover to the tension steel = 58 mm

Page 13 of 22
Project Name Cal by Date
Structure Chk by Rev
Note No. Project no.

D = overall depth of the members = 900 mm

x = depth of neutral axis = 387.32 mm

d = 842 mm

Page 14 of 22
Project Name Cal by Date
Structure Chk by Rev
Note No. Project no.

ε1 = starin at the level considered.

= (D - x) / (d-x) x (fs/Es)

where fs = M/(Ast x (d-x/3)) = 179.07 N/mm2

Es = modulus of elasticity of reinforcement = 2.00E+05 N/mm2

Thus, ε1 = 0.001 mm

ε2 = bt(D-x)(a'-x)
3EsAs(d-x)

bt = width of the section at the centroid of the tension steel

= 900 mm

As = Area of tension Reinforcement = 1339.73 mm2

a' = distance of the compression face to the point at which

crack width is being calculated

= 900 mm

Thus, ε2 = 0.00065 mm CRACK DEVELOPS

Hence, εm = 0.0004 mm

Thus, w = 0.06305 mm < 0.2 mm …OK

F SUMMARY

Reinforcement Along X Direction

Bottom Reinforcement 16 mm bars at 150 mm c/c
Top Reinforcement 16 mm bars at 150 mm c/c

Reinforcement Along Z Direction

Bottom Reinforcement 16 mm bars at 150 mm c/c
Top Reinforcement 16 mm bars at 150 mm c/c

Page 15 of 22
Project Name Cal by Date
Structure Chk by Rev
Note No. Project no.

15.0 RAFT DESIGN

15.1 General Data:

Characteristic Strength of Concrete = 35 N/mm2

Characteristic Strength of Steel = 500 N/mm2
Clear cover to Bottom Reinforcement = 50 mm
Clear Cover to Top Reinforcement = 50 mm

15.2 Design For 1000mm Thick Raft

Diameter of bottom Bars

In X Direction = 16 mm
In Z Direction = 16 mm
Diameter of Top Bars
In X Direction = 16 mm
In Z Direction = 16 mm
Effective cover to Bottom Reinforcement
In X Direction = 58 mm
In Z Direction = 74 mm
Effective Cover to Top Reinforcement
In X Direction = 58 mm
In Z Direction = 74 mm
Depth of Raft = 900 mm
Effective depth of the raft
In X Direction = 842 mm
In Z Direction = 826 mm

A Summary of Staad Reults for Bending moments

Mx My Mxy
Plate L/C
kNm/m kNm/m kNm/m
Max Mx 5528 71 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + 1.60 EQ LONG 159.78 -5.38 -9.25
Min Mx 4452 71 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + 1.60 EQ LONG -116.10 -6.20 -22.56
Max My 7134 51 2.0 SIDL + 1.25 DL + 1.50 LL 7.92 171.03 -10.13
Min My 5302 61 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + 1.60 WL -85.35 -89.53 -13.57
Max Mxy 7209 71 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + 1.60 EQ LONG 11.53 -48.48 37.38
Min Mxy 7143 71 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + 1.60 EQ LONG 38.95 51.69 -61.29

B Moment Calculations

Mx My Mxy Mx+Mxy Mx-Mxy My+Mxy My-Mxy

Plate L/C
kNm/m kNm/m kNm/m kNm/m kNm/m kNm/m kNm/m
Max Mx 5528 71 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + 159.78 -5.38 -9.25 150.53 169.03 -14.63 3.87
Min Mx 4452 71 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + -116.10 -6.20 -22.56 -138.66 -93.54 -28.76 16.36
Max My 7134 51 2.0 SIDL + 1.25 DL + 7.92 171.03 -10.13 -2.21 18.04 160.90 181.15
Min My 5302 61 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + -85.35 -89.53 -13.57 -98.92 -71.79 -103.09 -75.96
Max Mxy 7209 71 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + 11.53 -48.48 37.38 48.91 -25.84 -11.10 -85.85
Min Mxy 7143 71 1.25 DL + 2 SIDL + 38.95 51.69 -61.29 -22.34 100.25 -9.60 112.98

Moment along X Direction

Moment for bottom reinforcement design Muxb = 169.0 kNm
Moment for top reinforcement design Muxt = -138.7 kNm

Page 16 of 22
Project Name Cal by Date
Structure Chk by Rev
Note No. Project no.

Moment along Z Direction

Moment for bottom reinforcement design Muzb = 181.2 kNm
Moment for top reinforcement design Muzt = -103.1 kNm

Page 17 of 22
Project Name Cal by Date
Structure Chk by Rev
Note No. Project no.

C Reinforcement Calculations

i] Bottom Reinforcement

Reinforcement Along X Direction

Muxb/bd2 = ( 169.027 x 1000000 ) / ( 1000 x 842 x 842 ) = 0.24

 4.6 M u 
1  1 
Fck b d 2 
p t  50 
 Fy 
 Fck 

 


pt required = 0.056 % Minimum pt = 0.12 %

Ast required = 1080 mm2

Provide 16 mm dia bar

Spacing Required = 186.074 mm

Provide 16 mm bars at 150 mm c/c …OK

Ast provided = 1339.73 mm2 pt provided = 0.15 %

Reinforcement Along Z Direction

Muxb/bd2 = ( 181.153 x 1000000 ) / ( 1000 x 826 x 826 ) = 0.266

pt required = 0.062 % Minimum pt = 0.12 %

Ast required = 1080 mm2

Provide 16 mm dia bar

Spacing Required = 186.074 mm

Provide 16 mm bars at 150 mm c/c …OK

Ast provided = 1339.73 mm2 pt provided = 0.15 %

ii] Top Reinforcement

Reinforcement Along X Direction

Muxb/bd2 = ( 138.659 x 1000000 ) / ( 1000 x 842 x 842 ) = 0.196

pt required = 0.046 % Minimum pt = 0.12 %

Ast required = 1080 mm2

Page 18 of 22
Project Name Cal by Date
Structure Chk by Rev
Note No. Project no.

Provide 16 mm dia bar

Spacing Required = 186.074 mm

Provide 16 mm bars at 150 mm c/c …OK

Ast provided = 1339.73 mm2 pt provided = 0.15 %

Page 19 of 22
Project Name Cal by Date
Structure Chk by Rev
Note No. Project no.

Reinforcement Along Z Direction

Muxb/bd2 = ( 103.094 x 1000000 ) / ( 1000 x 826 x 826 ) = 0.152

pt required = 0.036 % Minimum pt = 0.12 %

Ast required = 1080 mm2

Provide 16 mm dia bar

Spacing Required = 186.074 mm

Provide 16 mm bars at 150 mm c/c …OK

Ast provided = 1339.73 mm2 pt provided = 0.15 %

D Shear Check

pt provided = 0.15 %

Permissible Shear Stress ζc = 0.29 N/mm2 ( as per table 19 IS456:2000)

SQX(local) SQY(local) Enhanced Shear Check

distance Plate L/C
N/mm2 N/mm2 Stress (N/mm2)
d/2 0.59 0.36 (4Τc) 1.16 Safe

E Check for Crack Width

Raft Thickness = 900 mm

Width Considered = 1000 mm

Clear Cover = 50 mm

Max Unfactored Moment = 171 kNm/m

The design surface crack width,w is calculated as below:

w = 3 acr εm
1 + 2 (acr - cnom)/(h-dc)

where,

acr = Distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest
longitudinal bar = 58

εm = strain at the level where the cracking is being considered.

Cnom = nominal cover to the tensile reinforcement = 58 mm

h = overall depth of the members = 900 mm

Page 20 of 22
Project Name Cal by Date
Structure Chk by Rev
Note No. Project no.

dc = depth of concrete in compression = 387.32 mm

d = 842 mm

Page 21 of 22
Project Name Cal by Date
Structure Chk by Rev
Note No. Project no.

ε1 = starin at the level considered.

= (D - x) / (d-x) x (fs/Es)

where fs = M/(Ast x (d-x/3)) = 179.07 N/mm2

Es = modulus of elasticity of reinforcement = 2.00E+05 N/mm2

Thus, ε1 = 0.001 mm
�_1−[(3.8𝑏_𝑡 ℎ(𝑎^′−ⅆ_𝑐
ε = ))/(�_𝑠 𝐴_𝑠 (ℎ−ⅆ_𝑐 ) )][1−𝑀_𝑞/𝑀_𝑔 ]× 〖 10 〗 ^(−9)
m

bt = width of the section at the centroid of the tension steel

= 900 mm

As = Area of tension Reinforcement = 1339.73 mm2

a' = distance of the compression face to the point at which

crack width is being calculated
= 900 mm
Mq = moment at the section considered due to permanent load
=
Mg = moment at the section considered due to live load
=

Thus, εm = -1.05E-02 CRACK DEVELOPS

Hence, εm = 0.0115 mm

Thus, w = 1.9988 mm > 0.2 mm …REVISE

F SUMMARY

Reinforcement Along X Direction

Bottom Reinforcement 16 mm bars at 150 mm c/c
Top Reinforcement 16 mm bars at 150 mm c/c

Reinforcement Along Z Direction

Bottom Reinforcement 16 mm bars at 150 mm c/c
Top Reinforcement 16 mm bars at 150 mm c/c

Page 22 of 22