CE 524 – Fundamentals of CE exam

Fluid mechanics and Hydraulics

Problem set 2

Situation 1: A wooden block (Sg = 0.74) is 65 mm x 65 mm x 4 m long is made to float in sea water (Sg = 1.82).
See Figure 6.
1) Find the buoyant force (kN) of the wood
[a] 0.54 [b]1.98 [c]0.26 [d]0.93

2) How many kN of Steel (Sg = 8.35) should be attached to the bottom of the block to make the wooden block
float with exactly 0.55 m exposed above the sea water surface?
[a] 0.85 [b]0.057 [c]0.17 [d]0.42

3) Find the total volume (m3) of the steel

[a] 0.00045 [b]0.12 [c]0.094 [d]0.0021

Situation 2: If the atmospheric pressure is 101.3 kPa and the absolute pressure at the bottom of the tank as
shown in Figure 8 is 231.3 kPa, find the following (Use 9.79 kN/m3 for unit weight of water)

4) What is the specific gravity of the olive oil

[a] 3.20 [b]1.97 [c]2.29 [d]1.37

5) What is the absolute pressure (kPa) at the interface of the olive oil and the mercury
[a] 93 [b]109 [c]227 [d]178

6) What is the gage pressure (kPa) at the interface of the olive oil and the mercury
[a] 31 [b]77 [c]42 [d]58

Situation 3: The surface tension of a liquid is being measured with a ring as shown in the figure. The ring has
an outside diameter (Do) of 10 cm and an inside diameter (Di) of 9.5 cm. The mass of the ring is 10 grams. The
force required to pull the ring from the liquid is the mass equal to 14 grams. See Figure 5.
7) What is the surface tension of the liquid (in N/m)?
[a]0.0042 [b]0.0009 [c] 0.0641 [d] 0.108

Situation 4: .A differential manometer is shown in Figure 4. The shaded region is filled with mercury (S.G. =
13.6). The rest is filled with oil (S.G. = 0.92). (The “x” value is intentionally not given)

8) Calculate the pressure difference (lb/ft2) between points A and B.

[a] 889 [b]1,104 [c]775 [d] 906

Situation 5: A drop of water at 20 °C is forming under a surface. The configuration just before separating and
falling as a drop is shown in Figure 7. Assume the forming drop has the volume of a hemisphere.

9) What is the diameter (mm) of the hemisphere just before separating? The surface tension is 0.073 N/m and
the unit weight is 9,790 N/m^3
[a] 12.78 [b]9.46 [c]16.77 [d]18.43

10) What is the force (N) due to surface tension

[a] 0.097 [b]0.0022 [c]0.00042 [d]0.17

Situation 6: A rectangular container tilts when it is partially submerged in water. It has a width of 2.5 meters,
length of 7.8 meters, and depth of 1.4 meters. The draft before it tilts is 0.7 meters. The angle of tilt is
24.3 degrees. Assume rolling occurs.

21) Find the distance (m) from the Metacenter to the Center of Buoyancy.
[a] 7.98 [b] 1.05 [c] 0.82 [d] 0.068

Situation 7: A rectangular container tilts when it is partially submerged in water. It has a width of 2.5 meters,
length of 7.8 meters, and depth of 1.4 meters. The draft before it tilts is 0.7 meters. The angle of tilt is
24.3 degrees. Assume pitching occurs.

22) Find the distance (m) from the Metacenter to the Center of Buoyancy.
[a] 7.98 [b] 1.05 [c] 0.82 [d] 0.068

Situation 8: A barge 3 meters deep has a trapezoidal cross section of 9 m top width and and 6 m bottom width.
The barge is 15 m long and its ends are vertical.
11) Determine its weight (kg) if it draws 1.8 m of water
[a]224,760 [b]309,800 [c] 186,300 [d] 95,550

12) Then determine the draft (m) if 84,500 kg of stone are placed in the barge
[a]1.2 [b]2.5 [c] 1.8 [d] 0.94

Situation 9: A cylinder is filled with a liquid (SG = 1.4) to a height of 1.34 m.

23) Find the pressure (kPa) at a height of 0.75 meters from the surface of the liquid. Neglect atmospheric
pressure.
[a] 25.6 [b]10.3 [c]7.4 [d]17.1

24) Find the pressure (kPa) at a height of 0.89 meters from the surface of the liquid. Neglect atmospheric
pressure.
[a] 12.2 [b]26.3 [c]16.7 [d]9.8

Situation 10: A rectangular barge weighing 200,000 kg is 14 m long, 8 meters wide and 4.5 meters deep. It will
transport reinforcing steel bars that are 20 mm in diameter and 6 meters long. Use density of salt water =
1,026 kg/m3. Steel weighs 7,850 kg/m3.

25) If a draft (submerged depth of the barge) is to be maintained at 3 meters, how many pieces of rebars can it
carry?
[a]5,773 [b] 1,045 [c]6,732 [d] 9,786
26) What is the draft of the barge when one half of its cargo is unloaded in fresh water?
[a]2.43 [b] 1.05 [c]0.92 [d] 0.57

Situation 11: A rectangular container tilts when it is partially submerged in water. It has a width of 2.5
meters, length of 7.8 meters, and depth of 1.4 meters. The draft before it tilts is 0.7 meters. The angle of
tilt is 24.3 degrees. Assume pitching occurs.

27) Find the distance (m) from the Metacenter to the Center of Buoyancy.
[a] 7.98 [b] 1.05 [c] 0.82 [d] 0.068

Situation 12: Water flows from a tank through a pipe and then discharges from a nozzle as shown. Neglect head
losses. See Figure 9

28) Determine the discharge (m3/sec) in the pipe

[a]0.0007 [b]0.058 [c] 0.311 [d] 1.89

29) Determine the pressure (kPa) at point B

[a]11.7 [b]25.8 [c] 69.7 [d] 22.57

Situation 13: A square prism (15 cm by 15 cm by 240 cm) weighs 480 kg/m3. It is submerged in a vertical position
in a liquid (SG of liquid = 1.5). A cube is also attached at the bottom of the square prism. The cube is 30 cm
on each edge and weighs 45 kg.

30) Compute the height (m) of the square prism that is exposed in the atmosphere.
[a]0.95 [b]0.75 [c] 0.65 [d] 1.5

31) Compute the total volume (m3) submerged

[a]0.061 [b]0.0062 [c]0.52 [d] 0.98

Situation 14: A gate is semi - circular in cross section (4.2 m in radius). It is hinged at point B and rests
against a smooth wall at A. Point A is 1.9 m vertically above B. Use specific weight of water = 9.81 kN/m3. The
total depth of water is 6.9 m. See Figure 11.

32) Compute the total hydrostatic force (kN) acting on the gate.
[a]2,090.5 [b]804.5 [c]1,655.4 [d]788.2

33) Compute the location of the center of pressure from B.

[a]0.67 [b]0.0047 [c]0.92 [d]1.45
 Figure 5

Figure 4

Figure 7

Figure 6

Figure 11

Figure 8