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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1) Understand the failure modes and working principles of post-installed and cast-in-place anchors under various loading
conditions
2) Evaluate the different factors that can impact the design of an anchor system
3) Gain confidence in the comprehension of the International Building Code and an anchor’s Evaluation Service Report
4) Utilize different resources that will help to determine which anchor is most suitable for a project and which design tools
can be used
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AGENDA
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Chapter 19 – Concrete
1901.3 - Anchoring to Concrete
…in accordance with ACI 318 as
amended in Section 1905..
ACI 355.2
Section 5 – Concrete Structures
Mechanical anchor test standard
Section 5.13 - Anchors
…using the provisions of ACI-318-14
Chapter 17
ACI 355.4
Adhesive anchor test standard
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What is an ESR?
• Product specific ESRs verify that building products comply with code requirements
• Published by ICC-ES (International Code Council Evaluation Service)
• Based on testing performed in accordance with appropriate Acceptance Criteria (AC)
• An ICC-ES Evaluation Report indicates that a product has received recognition under
the International Building Code (IBC)
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I Installation Parameters
II Design Tables
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Steel Failure
Perform tests to failure and take average
Tension
Concrete Breakout
Apply factor of safety (Ω) to Average Ultimate Load Steel Failure w/o Lever Arm
Shear
Concrete Breakout
AGENDA
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ANCHOR TYPES
Post-Installed Cast-In-Place
Adhesive Headed
Undercut Expansion Screw
Anchors Studs
Anchors Anchors Anchors
Load transfer Load transfer
Load transfer Load transfer Load transfer
by Bond by Bearing
by Bearing by Friction by Keying
Full Loading Full Loading
Full Loading Full Loading Full Loading
After Curing After Curing
Immediately Immediately Immediately
of Adhesive of Concrete
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Friction (Micro-keying)
Keying (Undercut)
Keying (Screw)
Adhesion (Bonding)
AGENDA
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Single Group
Steel failure without lever arm Steel failure with lever arm
• Ductile and non-ductile elements • Stand-of condition defined by ACI 318-14 Section
5.1.3
• Ductile elements defined by ACI 318-14 Section 2.3
• Considers bolt bending
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AGENDA
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“Green” Concrete is typically considered concrete that has cured for less than 28 days
• Special Provisions for Post-Installed Anchors:
Adhesive Anchors Mechanical Anchors
• Requires minimum 21 day cure time (ACE 318-14 • Not to be installed/placed in concrete <7 days
Section 17.1.2) old
If less than 21 days: • Anchor capacity based on concrete strength at
time of loading
• Use concrete compressive strength at time of
installation
• Design with bond strength related to water-
saturated concrete
Onsite evaluation is recommended to verify the capacity of post-installed anchors in “green” concrete.
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ACI 318-14 definition: “distance from the edge of the concrete surface to the center of
the nearest anchor”
• Minimum Edge Distance (cmin) and Critical Edge Distance (cac) requirements are determined
by individual product specific testing per ACI 355.2 or ACI 355.4
• ACI 318-14 Section 17.7.3 provides minimum edge distances if no testing is available:
o Adhesive Anchors: 6da
o Undercut Anchors: 6da
o Torque-Controlled Anchors: 8da
o Displacement-Controlled Anchors: 10da
o Cast-in-place Anchors (17.7.2): 6da
Check with anchor’s ESR for determination of minimum and critical edge
distance requirements.
Minimum spacing (smin) requirements are determined by Check with appropriate anchor’s ESR for
individual product specific testing per ACI 355.2 or ACI determination of minimum spacing
355.4. It is permitted to use lesser values from these tests. requirements.
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SUSTAINED LOADING/CREEP
• Anchors that have been qualified through ACI 355.4 for sustained loading will receive
recognition in the product’s ICC-ES evaluation report (ESR)
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INSTALLATION ORIENTATION
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AGENDA
Slow Cure
Industry
bolts
Concrete
Concrete
Concrete
Channel
Anchor
Wedge
Masonry
Masonry
Fast Cure
Threaded
inserts
Screw
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• Corrosion resistance
– Protective coating or stainless steel may be suitable for exterior
applications or corrosive environments
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Cracked Concrete
Proven reliability
Seismic
Traditional installation method using a jobsite compressor – NOT OSHA Table 1 compliant*, unless a HEPA-filtered
vacuum is used to collect dust during hole cleaning.
SafeSet installation method using a vacuum and a hollow drill bit – OSHA Table 1 compliant*
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Productivity
Reliability Safety
Seismic
AGENDA
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Hilti’s PROFIS Engineering Hilti’s Simplified Design Tables Hand Calculation using ACI 318-
Software 14, Chapter 17 Equations
• Using Quick Reference Load • Design of Anchor System Using ACI
• Design Software Utilizing ACI 318 Capacity and Adjustment Factors for 318 Anchoring-to-Concrete
Anchoring-to-Concrete Provisions Simple Anchor Layouts Provisions
• Software Features:
o User-Friendly Software
o Real-time analysis on anchor system
o Post-Installed and Cast-In-Place Anchors
o Ability to optimize design of anchor system
o Report generation for formal submittal
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Contact Information:
Engineering Support: 877-749-6337
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AGENDA
SUMMARY
• Anchors can be designed for various load conditions including static, dynamic, and
seismic loads
• Strength Design provisions consider possible anchor failure modes in both tension
and shear
• Anchor types include cast-in-place, post-installed mechanical and post-installed
adhesive
• Various factors can influence the anchor performance including embedment depth,
edge distance, spacing, base material condition, etc.
• Post-installed anchors must be pre-qualified via testing to obtain recognition under
the IBC
• There are various resources that are available to assist with the design of an
anchor/anchor system
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QUESTIONS?
THANK YOU
Tobin Goldsteinholm
Field Engineer
San Diego
Tel: 877-749-6337
Us-res376@hilti.com
www.hilti.com
www.hilti.ca
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