PREFACE

Thank to the Almighty God for His bless and grace to the writer for accomplishing
the English paper assignment with the title “Passive Voice”.

The writer also wants to deliver his sincere thanks to all the people who has given
their hands to help him completing this paper. It is written to complete the final task of
English subject. It is the project to discuss how the figure of speech is used in a novel or
the other literature work. In this paper you will find the figure of speech which is used in
the Passive Voice project.

The writer realize that it is still imperfect but he has a high expectation that his work
may help the reader to learn about the figure of speech.

Jakarta, June 19th, 2019

Agustina Gita Maharani

Jonathan
 PASSIVE VOICE

Passive voice definition: The passive voice is a style of writing where what would be the
object of a sentence becomes the subject of the sentence.

The passive writing voice occurs when something that is ordinarily “done by”
the subject of a sentence is “done by” the object of a sentence. In the passive writing voice,
whatever is doing the action of the sentence is not the grammatical subject of the sentence.

PASSIVE VOICE FUNCTION

The single defining function of the passive voice is to demote the active subject to an
optional oblique syntactic position while promoting an object (usually the direct object) to
syntactic subject position.

Why that is a useful thing to be able to do, and thus how it is used, varies from language to
language, and between registers within a single language. Frequently, it is used to maintain
topic-focus structure in discourse. Since English does not have explicit topic marking (like, e.g.,
Japanese), it is common to identify pragmatic topics with syntactic subjects. Passive voice thus
allows you to maintain continuity in the discourse across multiple sentences when the discourse
topic would otherwise end up as the object of a verb. It is also useful in constructing relative
clauses—relativizing objects is slightly more awkward than relativizing subjects, so it is
convenient to be able to promote an original object to subject position before relativization. And
in fact, there are some languages where only subjects can be relativized at all, in which case the
use of passive voice is obligatory.

In non-pro-drop languages like English which always require an explicit syntactic subject
in every sentence, passive voice also allows you speak grammatical sentences when the active
subject is not known, or is considered non-salient. You thus see a lot less use of passive voice in
languages like, e.g., Russian, where simply not saying the active subject is perfectly acceptable.
This is particularly the case in certain formal registers (like writing scientific papers) which are
expected to conform to an impersonal style where what happened is considered important,
and who did it an irrelevant distraction; e.g., “20 ml of fuming nitric acid was prepared”, not “I
prepared 20 ml of fuming nitric acid”—the information that I did it is completely irrelevant to
anyone wanting to replicate the procedure, and so that information should be omitted. Passive
voice lets you accomplish that.
 PASSIVE VOICE FORM

Subject + to be (am/is/are) + past participle (pp)

Tense Passive Voice Form Example

Simple Present am/is/are + pp is created

Present Continuous am/is/are being + pp is being created

Simple Past was/were + pp was created

Past Continuous was/were being + pp was being created

Present Perfect has/have been + pp has been created

Past Perfect had been + pp had been created

Simple Future will be + pp will be created

Future Continuous am/is/are going to be + pp is going to be created

Future Perfect will have been + pp will have been created

 QUESTION

1. They translated some old documents last week. What is the passive form of this sentence?

A) Some old documents are translated by them last week.

B) Some old documents have been translated by them last week.
C) Some old documents were being translated by them last week.
D) Some old documents were translated by them last week.
E) Some old documents been translated by them last week.

Answer: D

Pembahasan: Karena pola kalimat di atas adalah past tense, maka kalimat pasif mengikuti pola
dasar. Sehingga jawaban di atas menjadi Some old documents were translated by them last
week.

2. The important email has been sent by my secretary. What is the active form of this sentence?

A) My secretary was sending the important email

B) My secretary sends the important email
C) My secretary is sending the important email
D) My secretary has been sending the important email
E) My secretary has sent the important email

Answer: E

Pembahasan: Kalimat pasif di atas memiliki pola present perfect, sehingga kalimat aktif
menjadi Subject + ha/have + V3 + Object.
3. We’ll be visiting our grandmother next week. What is the passive form of this sentence?

A) Our grandmother will be being visited by us next week.

B) Our grandmother will be visited by us next week.
C) Our grandmother would be visited by us next week.
D) Our grandmother would be being visited by us next week.
E) Our grandmother would have been visited by us next week.

Answer: A

Pembahasan: Pola kalimat di atas merupakan future continuous tense. Sehingga pola kalimat
pasif menjadi our grandmother will be being visited by us next week.

4. We can see many beautiful paintings in this exhibition. They were ……. by famous
Indonesian painter.

A) Painting
B) Painted
C) Paint
D) Be Painting
E) Being painting

Answer: B

Pembahasan: Sesuai dengan pola kalimat pasif menggunakan Subject + to be + Verb3.

5. Two tents for our camping would …….. by my mother.

A) Being bought
B) Been bought
C) Be bought
D) Bought
E) Been buying

Answer: C

Pembahasan: Karena sebelum bagian kosong pada kalimat di atas terdapat modal berupa would,
maka setelah itu harus berupa bentuk kata kerja dasar.
6. They cancelled all flights because of fog. The passive form of the sentence is, because of
fog….

A) All flights had cancelled

B) All flights were cancelled
C) All flights have been cancelled
D) They be cancelled
E) They are being cancelled

Answer: B

Pembahasan: Kalimat di atas menggunakan pola kalimat pasif was/were + Verb3,

menjadi because of fog all flights were cancelled.

7. A well known architect is designing our new office. The passive form of the above sentence is,
Our new office …… by a well known architect.

A) Design
B) Designed
C) Be designing
D) Is designed
E) Is being designed

Answer: E

Pembahasan: Kalimat di atas menggunakan kalimat pasif berupa am/is/are + being +

Verb3. Menjadi Our new office is being designed by a well known architect.

8. Jupiters four moons ……. through a telescope by Galileo.

A) Were first viewed

B) First viewed
C) Had been first viewed
D) Were being first viewed
E) First being viewed

Answer: A

Pembahasan: Dalam menyelesaikan soal di atas, Quipperian harus memperhatikan subjek

kalimat dan tenses. Subjek Jupters four moons bentuk jamak, dan menggunakan past tense. Maka
kalian harus menggunakan pola were + Verb3, menjadi were first viewed.
9. "Have you been informed about the exact number of victims of the airplane crash?"
"Yes, ....... to the headquarters of Garuda."
A. they are faxed
B. has faxed
C. the victims fax
D. it has been faxed
E. was fax it

Answer: D

Pembahasan : Soal menunjukkan bahwa kita diberi informasi (pasif) dan kata ganti dari the exact
number of victims .... (tunggal) adalah it.

10. "The hotel is suffering a great loss."

"Yes, only ten perfect of their rooms ......
A. being occupied
B. occupied
C. is occupied
D. are occupied
E. they are occupied

Answer: C

Pembahasan : Kalimat tersebut memerlukan predikat passive, dengan subject "Ten Percent"
tunggal, karena menyatakan hasil pengukuran.

11. “Why aren't you driving your own car?"

“It ..... “
A. has sold
B. has to sell
C. has been selling
D. has been sold
E. has to be sold

Answer: D

Pembahasan : Subject it menandakan predikatnya pasif (to be + V3), "to be" setelah has adalah
"been” (telah)
12. "Why can't I find the file on the annual report in the computer?"
"Because it .... in the hard disk."
A. was not saving
B. not saved
C. did not saved
D. not being saved
E. was not saved

Answer: E

Pembahasan : Subject "It" menandakan bentuk pasif, (to be + V3).

13. "There was no longer a rule for the youth to enter millitary service in Britain.
Really, when .... ?"
A. was It abolishing
B. did it abolish
C. was it abolished
D. was it to be abolished
E. to be abolished

Answer: C

Pembahasan : Kalimat pertanyaan dengan bentuk pasif menggunakan (to be + S + V3)

14. They had just been living in that house for two years when ..... by fire.
A. destroyed
B. had destroyed
C. was destroyed
D. be destroyed
E. was destroying

Answer: C

Pembahasan : Melihat kata 'by' yang bermakna oleh' lebih cenderung pasif. Jadi jawabannya
yang tepat hanya C.
15. "Bambang looks very happy today."
"Don't you know he ..... to General Manager."
A. has promoted
B. to be promoted
C. being promoted
D. has to promoted
E. has been promoted

Answer: E

Pembahasan : Melihat kata setelah predikat yaitu "to" bukan obyek, kalimatnya cenderung pasif.
Bentuk pasif hanya terdapat pada jawaban E.

16. "Why does the baby next door keep crying ?"
"As usual, it .... by the babysitter."
A. is neglected
B. is neglecting
C. neglect
D. is to be neglected
E. is to neglect

Answer: A

Pembahasan : Melihat kata by' (oleh), kalimatnya minta pasif. Berdasarkan rumus kalimat pasif,
yang tepat jawaban A

17. Why are the students staying outside ?

Their classroom ....
A. is being cleaned
B. being cleaned
C. was cleaned
D. is cleaning
E. cleans

Answer: A
Pembahasan : Penggunaan to be V+ing (are staying) menunjukkan proses yang sedang
berlangsung. sehingga diperlukan bentuk pasif Continuous. (S + to be + being+ V3)
18. The play I am reading ....
A. has never performed
B. never performed
C. never being performed
D. has never been performed
E. never performs

Answer: D

Pembahasan : Klausa I am reading hanya sebagai penerang subject the play yang menuntut
bentuk pasif

19. The headmaster would like the school yard ...... by every student before tomorrow.
A. sweep
B. sweeping
C. have swept
D. to be swept
E. already swept

Answer: B

Pembahasan : Predikat would like selalu diikuti keterangan dengan bentuk "to infinitive" kata
"by” bermakna "oleh" (pasif) sehingga menjadi "to be + V3"

20. The picture is not here anymore

It must have ... away
A. being taken
B. took
C. taken
D. been taking
E. been taken

Answer: E

Pembahasan : Rumus Perfect > have + V3 subject "It" memerlukan predikat pasif sehingga
menjadi have + to be III (been) + V3.