咄 2-□17

lucrative 因adj. producing wealth

/'lukrauv/ 园盈利的， 赚钱的

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discursive 因adj. moving from topic to topic without order; rambling

/d1 1 sk订SIV / 园杂乱无章的
因adj. marked by analytical reasoning
园理性的

presuppose 因v. to suppose beforehand

/,pri 刮 pouz/ 园预先假设
........................................
困v. to require as an antecedent in logic or fact
园假定

intermediary 因n. I adj. acting as a mediator

/,rntar'midi,ni/ 园（作为）中间人（的）

derogate 因v. to cause to seem inferior

/'dua,geit/ 园贬低
圆derogatory adj. 贬低的

overbearing 因adj. often trying to control the behavior of other people in an annoying
/,ouvar'b 盯If)/ or unwanted way
园专横傲慢的

zealous 因adj. marked by fervent partisanship for a person, a cause, or an ideal

『zE.las/ 园对（某人或偶像）狂热的
囡impassioned, fervent, fiery
回zealotry n. 狂热

extraneous 因adj. not important

/£k 1 stre1nias/ 园不重要的， 不相关的
囡irrelevant
................................
因adj. coming from the outside
园外部的

rehash 因v. to bring forth again in another form without significant alteration
/ri,h 王JI 国（没有实质改变地）重提
囡recycle

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detached 因adj. not influenced by emotions or personal interest
/di't 王 tftj 园不受感情影响的， 公正的
困adj. not joined or connected
园脱离的

inveterate 因adj. firmly and long established; deep-rooted

/In 殴 tarit/ 园根深蒂固的
因 casual
因adj. persisting in an ingrained habit; habitual
园习惯性的

backhanded 因adj. oblique or indirect

/'bcEk 1 h王 nd1d/ 园不直接的
....................................
困adj. having derogatory or insulting implications
园含沙射影的， 讽刺挖苦的

affable 因adj. easy and pleasant to speak to

／氐fabal/ 园和蔼可亲的
囡easygoing, cordial, genteel
因irascible

whimsy 因n. an unusual, unexpected, or fanciful idea

/'hw1mzi/ 园突发奇想
回capriciousness
圆whimsical adj. 突发奇想的， 多变的

tenacious 因adj. very determined to do something

/ta 1 ne1Jas/ 园坚定的
囡resolve, endurance
回tenacity n. 坚定
因adj. continuing for a long time
园持续的

sardonic 因adj. scornfully or cynically mocking

/sar 1 dan1k/ 园嘲讽的， 讥笑的

skullduggery 因n. secret or dishonest behavior or activity

/sk/\l 1 dAgari / 园欺骗， 作假

legitimate 因adj. being in compliance with the law

／闷d31tamat/ 园合法的
因adj. valid or justifiable
园合理的
困立 to make (something) real, accepted, or official or to show that
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chauvinistic 因adj. believing that your country is better than any other
/Jov1'n1stik/ 园极端爱国的

sleek 因adj. straight and smooth in design or shape

/slik/ 园光滑的
因adj. stylish and attractive
园时髦的， 吸引人的

astringent 因adj. very critical in a sharp and often clever way

闷strrnd3ant/ 园严厉的， 尖刻的

ambivalent 因adj. simultaneous and contradictory attitudes or feelings toward an

Jee 面 b1valant/ object, person, or action
园（情感、 态度）矛盾的

ameliorate 因 v. to make better or more tolerable

闷miljalert/ 园改善， 提升
回mitigate, extenuate

exemplar 因n. a typical example

压g 1 zEmplar/ 园典型
囡model

grudge 因 v. to be unwilling to give or admit

/grAd引 园不愿给予或承认
困n. a deep-seated feeling of resentment or rancor
园怨恨

sweeping 因adj. extensive

j'swipirJ/ 园广泛的
因adj. marked by wholesale and indiscriminate inclusion
园全面的

extirpate 因 v. to destroy or remove completely

店kstar,pe1t/ 园根除
囡eliminate
因propagate
回extirpation n. 根除

parity 因n. equality

/'p 王 rati/ 园平等
囡equality

utiI itarian 因adj. made to be useful rather than to be decorative or comfortable

/ju,t1la'tuian/ 园实用的

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grandiose 因adj. impressive because of uncommon largeness, scope, effect, or
『gr 王 ndi,ous/ grandeur
园宏伟壮观的

困adj. excessive self一importance or affected grandeur

园妄自尊大的

truncate 因 v. to make shorter

/'tr/\1) 1 ke1t/ 园缩短

haphazard 因adj. having no plan, order, or direction

/,hcep'h王 zard/ 园无序的， 凌乱的
囡helter-skelter, randomly

quizzical 因adj. expressive of puzzlement, curiosity, or disbelief

/'kw1z1kal/ 园好奇而疑惑的

provincial 因adj. limited in outlook

/pra'v1nfal/ 园眼光狭隘的
囡insular
因adj. lacking the polish of urban society
园乡下的

insensitive 因adj. not responsive or susceptible

/In 衮 nsauv/ 园漠视的， 不在乎的

shackle 因 v. to deprive of freedom especially of action by means of restrictions or

/'J王 kal/ handicaps
园阻碍
回stifle

cumbersome 因adj. unwieldy because of heaviness and bulk

/'kAmbarsam/ 园笨拙的
囡unwieldy
圆cumber v. 阻碍， 挡路

encomium 因n. glowing and warmly enthusiastic praise

I En 1 koum1am/ 园赞美
囡tribute
因invective

decelerate 因 v. to decrease the rate of progress of

/di1sclar,e1t/ 园减缓

revitalize 因 v. to make active, healthy, or energetic again

/ri1 va1tal,a1z/ 园使…复活

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 困 v. to cause (someone) to stop being friendly, helpful, etc., towards you
园使 … 变得不友好

analgesic 因n. a drug that relieves pain

/,cenal'd引z1k/ 园止痛药
..........................................
因adj. capable of relieving pain
园止痛的

anatomize 因 v. to cut in pieces in order to display or examine the structure and use
闷n�ta,marz/ of the parts
园解剖
困 v. to analyze
园分析

embargo 因n. a government order that limits trade in some way

/Em'bargou/ 园贸易禁令

contemplate 因 v. to think deeply or carefully about

/'kantam,pleit/ 园深入思考
囡ponder

dogmatic 因adj. expressing personal opinions or beliefs as if they are certainly

/d)g 1 m 王trk/ correct and cannot be doubted
园教条的
囡doctrinaire, rigid

concrete 因adj. existing in reality or in real experience; perceptible by the senses;

real
/'kan,krit/ 园真实的
困adj. of or relating to an actual, specific thing or instance; particular
园具体的

equitable 因adj. just or fair

店kw1tabal/ 园平等的， 公平的

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voluble 因adj. talking a lot in an energetic and rapid way
『valjabal/ 园健谈的， 话多的

sterling 困adj. conforming to the highest standard

『st3rl11J/ 园高质量的

surmount 困v. to prevail over

/s对 maunt/ 四克服， 战胜
圆insurmountable adj. 无法战胜的
.............................................
困 v. to stand or lie at the top of
园站在…的顶峰

prying 困adj. trying to find out about other people's private lives
『 pranl)/ 园窥视的

inhibit 困v. to hold in check

/1n1 h1b1t/ 四抑制， 限制
囡hinder, bridle
因catalyze
圆inhibitor n. 抑制因素， 阻止者

censure 因v. to find fault with and criticize as blameworthy

/'scnJar/ 园批评
回reprehend
圆censorious adj. 挑剔的

peripatetic 因adj. itinerant

/,p 盯1pa'tn1k/ 园巡游的
囡itinerant
因stationary

stringent 困adj. very strict or severe

/'strrnd3ant/ 四非常严格的

dwindle 困v. to gradually become smaller

/'dwrndal/ 园减少， 下降
囡contract
因increase

underrate 因v. to rate or value (someone or something) too low

/ ,Andar'rert/ 园低估
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expedite 因 v. to cause (something) to happen faster
店kspa,dart/ 园加速， 加快
囡facilitate
圆expedient adj. 方便的， 有利的

captivate 因 v. to attract and hold the attention of (someone) by being interesting,

/'k王 pta,vert/ pretty, etc.
园吸引
囡enamored

irreversible 因adj. impossible to change back to a previous condition or state

／ ， 订1'v3rsabal/ 园不可逆的

emotive 因adj. causing strong emotions for or against something

厅moutiv/ 园有感染力的

refine 因 v. to remove the unwanted substances in (something)

／订farn/ 园提纯
困 v. to improve (something) by making small changes
园提升， 提高

exhilarate 因 v. to cause (someone) to feel very happy and excited

压g'z1厄re1t/ 园使…喜悦或兴奋

solitary 因adj. not involving or including anyone or anything else

j'sala,tui/ 园单独的

jar 因 v. to make (someone) feel uneasy

/d3ar/ 园使…不安
................................
困 v. to clash or confict
园冲突
图jarring adj. 相冲突的

unfettered 因adj. not controlled or restricted

从n' 住tar/ 园不受限制的， 自由的

flummery 因 n. meaningless or deceptive language

/'flAmari/ 园假恭维

implacable 因adj. opposed to someone or something in a very angry or determined

/1m 1 p屈kabal/ way that cannot be changed
园不能安抚的， 毫不妥协的
囡unyielding

arduous 因adj. hard to accomplish or achieve

j'ard3uas/ 园困难的
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propaganda 因n. ideas or statements that are often false or exaggerated and that are
/,prapa'g 王 nda/ spread in order to help a cause, a political leader, a government, etc.
园政治宣传

putative 因adj. generally believed or assumed to be something

『pjutativ/ 园公认的， 假定的

conjecture 因v.ln. to form an opinion or idea without proof or sufficient evidence

/kan'd3cktfar/ 园猜测
囡speculate, uncertain

coalesce 因v. to come together to form one group or mass

/,koua'IE.s/ 国聚合， 团结
图coalition n. 合并

tractable 因adj. easily managed or controlled

/'tr�ktabal / 园易管理的， 易控制的
囡compliant
因incorrigible, headstrong
圆intractability n. 桀赘不驯， 难以管理

warble 因v. to sing a melody of low pleasing sounds

j'wJrbal/ 园低吟浅唱
囡croon

knotty 因adj. difficult or complicated

『nati/ 园复杂的
囡complicated

dichotomy 因n. something with seemingly contradictory qualities

/da1 1 katami/ 园矛盾的事物
囡contradictory
因 n. bifurcation
园一分为二

restive 因adj. stubbornly resisting control

／飞strv/ 园不服管理的
囡skittish, fractious
· dj; marked·by·impati'ence·or uneasiness············································
因a
园不安的， 没有耐心的

courteous 因adj. very polite in a way that shows respect

/'妇rtias/ 园有礼貌的
图courtesy n. 礼貌

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/'fle1g rant/ 园臭名昭著的
囡egregious

solitude 因n. a state or situation in which you are alone usually because you want
j'sala,tud/ to be
园孤独

anachronism 因n. something (such as a word, an object, or an event) that is mistakenly

闷n 王kra,nrzam/ placed in a time where it does not belong in a story, movie, etc.
园时代错乱
因n. one that is out of its proper or chronological order, especially a
person or practice that belongs to an earlier time
园不合时宜， 过时

turbid 因adj. having sediment or foreign particles stirred up or suspended

/'t3rbrd/ 园浑浊的
因limpid

因adj. in a state of turmoil

园混乱的

confine 因v. to keep within limits

/kan'fa1 n/ 园限制
囡limit, circumscribe

venerate 因v. to feel or show deep respect for

/'v£na,re1t/ 园尊敬
囡respect
因deride
图venerable adj. 值得尊敬的veneration n. 尊敬

premeditate 因v. to think, consider, or deliberate beforehand

/pri'mcda,te1t/ 园预谋， 提前谋划
因impulse

insular 因adj. separated from other people or cultures

『rnsalar/ 园孤立的
图insularity n. 孤立

困adj. not knowing or interested in new or different ideas

园思想狭隘， 守旧的
囡provincial

consolidate 因v. to make (something, such as a position of power or control) stronger

/kan'sala,deit/ or more secure
园巩固
圆consolidation n. 巩固

upheaval 因n. a major change or period of change that causes a lot of conflict,
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/,JriE.n'terJan/ interest
园取向， 态度
囡bias
因decline
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困n. the relative position or direction of something
园方向

riddle 因n. a mystifying, misleading, or puzzling question posed as a problem

/'ndal/ to be solved or guessed
园难题， 谜题
回enigma, puzzle, conundrum

jejune 因adj. not interesting

/d31'd3un/ 园无聊的
囡vapid

clownish 因adj. acting in a silly or funny way

/'klauniJ/ 园小丑般的， 滑稽的

indifferent 因adj. not interested in or concerned about something

/1n 1 中 farant/ 园冷漠的
囡apathy
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困adj. characterized by a lack of partiality; unbiased
园客观公正的

lethargic 因adj. feeling a lack of energy or a lack of interest in doing things

/ l1 1 8ard31k/ 园漠不关心的， 缺乏热情的
囡somnolent

clique 因n. a small exclusive group of friends or associates

/kl1k/ 园小团体
回 cliquish adj. 小团体的， 分帮结派的

fungible 因adj. interchangeable or replaceable

/'队nd3abal/ 园可替代的
囡interchangeable

complimentary因adj. expressing praise or admiration for someone or something

/,kamp 闷 mEntari/ 园赞美的
回 compliment n. 赞美

empirical 因adj. originating in or based on observation or experience

/Em'p1nkal/ 园根据观察或经验的

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heresy 困 n. a belief or opinion that does not agree with the official belief or
/'huasi/ opinion of a particular religion
园与主流观点相悖的观点

parsimony 困 n. the quality of being very unwilling to spend money

j'parsa,mouni/ 园吝啬
囡stingy
因munificent
圆parsimonious adj. 吝啬的

cunning 困adj. getting what ·1s wanted m a clever and often deceptive way
/'kAnitJ/ 园狡猾机智的
因naive

因adj. dexterous or crafty in the use of special resources

园技艺高超的
囡craft

highlight 困 v. to make or try to make people notice or be aware of

/'har,lart/ 园使…突出
囡accentuate

judicious 困adj. having or showing good judgment

/d3u'd1Jas/ 园有正确判断力的
因unwise

disguise 困 v. to obscure the existence or true state or character of

/d 氐 ga1z/ 园隐藏， 伪装

far-fetched 因adj. not likely to happen or be true

tfar 1 f£tft/ 园不切实际的， 牵强附会的

eclipse 困 v. to make (something) less important or popular

/1 1 kl1ps/ 园使…不重要

因 v. to surpass
园超出
囡outdo

impulsive 困adj. doing things or tending to do things suddenly and without careful
/1m 1 pAls1v/ thought
园冲动的， 不加思索的
囡capricious

exculpate 困 v. to prove that someone is not guilty of doing something wrong

压kskal,pe1t/ 园开脱罪责
图exculpation n. 脱罪

overblow 困 v. to exaggerate
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『pramal,gert/ announce officially
园传播

consilience 因n. the linking together of principles from different disciplines especially
/ kan'srlrans/ when forming a comprehensive theory
园一致， 符合

ebullient 困adj. lively and enthusiastic

/1'buljant/ 园热情洋溢的
因impassive, restraint

bolster 因v. to give support to

/'boulstar/ 园支持
囡buttress, prop up
因undermine

dispute 困n. I v. to engage in argument or oppose

/d1 1 spjut/ 园争辩， 反对

exposition 因n. clear explanation

压kspa 1 z1Jan/ 园阐释， 解释
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

因n. a public show or exhibition

园展览会

coddle 因v. to treat (someone) with too much care or kindness

/'kadal / 园溺爱

nuance 困n. a very small difference in color, tone, meaning, etc.

j'nu,ans/ 园小差异
囡subtlety

peculiar 困adj. not usual or normal

/p1 1 kjuljar/ 园不寻常的

egalitarian 困adj. aiming for equal wealth, status, etc., for all people
/i,g 刮 a'tuian/ 园平等的

propitiate 困v. to make (someone) pleased or less angry by giving or saying

/prou'p订i,e1t/ something desired
园安抚
因arouse, hostility

futile 困adj. pointless or useless

/'fjutal/ 园无用的
囡fruitless, pointlessness
图futility n. 无用

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incompatible 因adj. not able to exist together without trouble or conflict; not able to be
/,rnkam'p王tabal/ used together
园无法共存的， 不可兼容的
因harmonious

stale 困adj. having an unpleasant taste or smell

/ste1I/ 园不新鲜的
因adj. boring or unoriginal
园缺乏新鲜感的
回banal

lionize 因 v. to treat (someone) as a very important and famous person

/'lara,narz/ 园重视， 尊敬
囡eulogize

preachy 因adj. trying to teach something (such as proper or moral behavior) in a

『pritfi/ way that is annoying or unwanted
园说教的， 好为人师的
囡sanctimonious
回preach v. 布道， 说教

illusory 因adj. based on something that is not true or real

/1'lusari/ 园虚假的

profit-monger 困n. a person, business or profession marked by avarice and greed

/ ,prafit'mArJg切 国贪婪的人

felicitous 因adj. very well suited for some purpose or situation

/fa'lrsrtas/ 园合适的
困adj. pleasant or delightful
园喜悦的， 令人愉悦的

averse 因adj. having an active feeling of repugnance or distaste

/a'v3rs/ 园反感的
固aversion n. 反感， 厌恶

trigger 困 v. In. to cause (something) to start or happen

/'tngar/ 园触发

integrity 困n. the quality of being honest and fair

/1n 1 t£grati/ 园正直

conservation 因n. a careful preservation and protection of something

/ ,kansar 1 ve1Jan/ 园保护
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困n. the controlled use and systematic protection of natural resources,

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 困adj. prepared or recorded in advance
园预先录制的

soft-pedal 因v. to treat or describe (something) as less important than it really is

/,s)ft'pcdal/ 园弱化， 减缓…的影响

feign 困v. to give a false appearance of

/fe1n/ 园假装
囡false

daunting 因adj. very difficult to do or deal with

/'dJ:ntII)/ 园令人畏惧的， 望而生怯的
囡formidable, sensational, forbidding
因resolute

downright 困adv. completely

『daun,ra1t/ 园完全地

autonomous 困adj. having the power or right to govern itself

闷tanamas/ 园自治的
困adj. responding, reacting, or developing independently of the whole
园独立自主的

indeterminate 困adj. not able to be stated or described in an exact way

/ ,rndi't3rmrnrt/ 园不确定的

opulent 困adj. very comfortable and expensive

/'apju I ant/ 园昂贵的
回 opulence n. 富裕
因adj. very wealthy
园富裕的
囡affluent

pervasive 因adj. existing in or spreading through every part of something

/par'versrv/ 园普遍的
囡rife

offset 困v. to cancel or reduce the effect of (something)

心f,sc.t/ 园抵消
囡compensate

omnipresent 因adj. present everywhere simultaneously

/,am nr1 prEzant/ 园处处都有的
囡ubiquitous, universal

entangle 困v. to cause (something) to get caught in or twisted with something else

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 囡minimal

compunction 困n. a feeling of guilt or regret

/kam 1 pA1JkJan/ 园后悔感， 犯罪感

cynical 因adj. believing or showing the belief that people are motivated chiefly by
ts1n1kal/ base or selfish concerns
园认为人性是自私的， 愤世嫉俗的

pretentious 因adj. having or showing the unpleasant quality of people who want to
/pn tEnJas/ be regarded as more impressive, successful, or important than they really
are
园炫耀的

customary 困adj. usual or typical of a particular person

/'kAsta,mui/ 园惯常的

vilify 因v. to utter slanderous and abusive statements against

『 VI 厄far/ 园诽谤， 辱骂

. ...

·.. 30 ..:
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entail 因v. to have (something) as a part, step, or result
/En 1te1I/ 园包括， 包含

impeccable 因adj. having no flaws

/1m 1 pckabal/ 园完美无瑕的

stifle 因v. to not allow yourself to do or express (something)

/'sta1fal/ 园抑制
囡shackle
因 v. to kill by depriving of oxygen
园使…窒息
囡smother

pragmatic 因adj. practical

/pr 王 g'm 王 tik/ 园实际的
囡realistic

didactic 因adj. excessively moralizing

/d 扛d 王ktrk/ 园（过分的道德层面）说教的
囡preachy

dazzle 因v. to greatly impress or surprise (someone) by being very attractive or

/'dcezal/ exciting
园使…目眩， 使…惊叹

stalwart 因adj. loyal and resolute

/'st:>lwart/ 园坚定的， 忠诚的

困adj. strong and imposing

园结实的， 强壮的

archaic 因adj. old and no longer used

/ar'keuk/ 园过时的
囡antediluvian, outdated

palliate 因v. to make the effects of (something, such as an illness) less painful,
/'p 刮 i, 釭 t/ harmful, or harsh
园减缓

accede 因v. to agree to a request or a demand

／王k 1 sid/ 园同意
因 v. to become a party (as to an agreement)
园加入

consort 因v. to keep company

/'kan,sJrt/ 园陪伴

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·.. 32 ..:
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sketchy 因adj. done quickly without many details
/skc 订i/ 园粗略的
囡superficial, undeveloped, rudimentary
圆sketch n. 草图

bemuse 因 v. to cause (someone) to be confused and often also somewhat

/bi'mjuz/ amused
园使…困惑
因 v. to occupy the attention of
园吸引

exotic 因adj. introduced from another country

压g 1 zatrk/ 园外来的
困adj. strikingly, excitingly, or mysteriously different or unusual
园奇异的， 异域风情的

intuition 因n. a feeling that guides a person to act a certain way without fully
/,1ntu 1 1Jan/ understanding why
园直觉

episodic 因adj. limited to the duration of an episode

/,Epa'sadrk/ 园暂时的
因adj. happening or appearing at different times
园不连续的， （时间上）分散的

dovish 因adj. advocating peace, conciliation or negotiation in preference to

/'dAvrJ/ confrontation or armed conflict
园爱好和平的
囡pacific
回 dove n. 爱好和平的人

realm 因n. an area of activity, interest, or knowledge

/rElm/ 园领域
因n. a country that is ruled by a king or queen
园国度

presage 因 v. to give or be a sign of (something that will happen or develop in the

『prEs1d引 future)
园预测， 预言
囡portend

distinctive 因adj. different in a way that is easy to notice

/dr'strl]ktrv/ 园独特的， 显著区别的

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·.. 34 ..:
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 困n. an object, activity, or idea that is used as a symbol of something
else
园象征

outstrip 因v. to be or become better, greater, or larger than (someone or

/ ,aut'stnp/ something)
园胜出， 超出

querulous 因adj. complaining in an annoyed way

/'kwujulas/ 园抱怨的

salient 因adj. very important or noticeable

j'serljant/ 园明显的， 显眼的
囡prominent, obtrusive, conspicuous, visible

culmination 因n. the end or final result of something

/,kAlma 1 ne1Jan/ 园最终， 结果

camaraderie 因n. a feeling of good friendship among the people in a group

/ ,kcema'radari / 园志同道合之情谊
囡solidarity

cordial 因adj. politely pleasant and friendly

/'灼rd3al/ 园热情友好的
囡easygoing, affable, conviviality

tribute 因n. something done, said, or given to show respect, gratitude, or

/'tnbjut/ affection
园赞美， 致敬
囡encomium
因denunciation

observant 因adj. paying strict attention or good at noticing what is going on around
/ab'z3rvant/ you
园观察仔细的，善于观察的

collegiality 因n. the cooperative relationship of colleagues

/ka,lid引妥lati/ 园共同掌权

pensive 因adj. lost in serious or sad thought

j'pEnSIV/ 园（悲伤的）思考的

penance 因n. something that you do or are given to do in order to show that you
『pt:nans/ are sad or sorry about doing something wrong
园忏悔

rile 因v. to make agitated and angry

. ...

·.. 36 ..:
... .
itinerant 因adj. traveling from place to place especially covering a circuit
/a1'unarant/ 园巡游的
囡peripatetic

demonize 因 v. to represent as diabolically evil

fdiman,a1z/ 园妖魔化

sober 因adj. having or showing a very serious attitude or quality

j'soubar/ 园严肃认真的
囡level-headed
圆sobriety n. 清醒

incendiary 因adj. tending to inflame

/In 衮 ndi,cri/ 园纵火的
圆incense v. 点燃， 激怒
困adj. causing anger
园引起愤怒的
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

困n. a person who excites factions, quarrels, or sedition : agitator

园煽动者

salutary 因adj. producing a beneficial effect

j's 刮ju,tui/ 园有益的， 有益健康的

replete 因adj. having much or plenty of something

/n'plit/ 园充满的

snobbish 因adj. having or showing the attitude of people who think they are better
/sn 的1J/ than other people
园自命不凡的

seditious 因adj. disposed to arouse or take part in or guilty of sedition

/s11 d1Jas/ 园煽动叛乱的

expatriate 因 v. to banish
压ks'pertri,ert/ 园驱逐

synopsis 因n. a short description of the most important information about

/sr'napsrs/ something
园概要

affirmative 因adj. positive

/a'f3rmativ/ 园积极的
囡positive
因adj. asserting that something is true or correct
园肯定的

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·.. 38 ..:
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hefty 因adj. large and heavy
/'hcfti/ 园又大又重的

forbidding 因adj. not friendly or appealing

/far' 切 drl)/ 园令人畏惧的， 可怕的
囡daunting

wide-ranging 因adj. extensive in scope

园广泛的

diligent 因adj. characterized by steady, earnest, and energetic effort

『d1lad3ant/ 园努力的， 刻苦的
囡industrious

punctilious 因adj. very careful about behaving properly and doing things in a correct
/pAtJk 1t1lias/ and accurate way
园（对行为）谨慎小心的

engaging 因adj. very attractive or pleasing in a way that holds your attention
/Enger 屯 Ir)/ 园吸引人的
囡winning

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·.. 40 ..:
... .
elude 因v. to avoid or escape (someone or something) by being quick, skillful,
厅lud/ or clever
园逃跑， 逃避
困v. to fail to be understood or remembered by (someone)
园使 … 无法理解
囡puzzle

困v. to fail to be achieved by (someone)

园使 …． 无法得到

jettison 因v. to reject (something, such as a plan or idea)

『d3ctasan/ 园拒绝， 放弃

detriment 因n. something that will cause damage or injury to something or

/'中tramant/ someone
园损坏， 破坏
囡deleterious
图detrimental adj. 有害的

baroque 因adj. characterized by grotesqueness, extravagance, complexity, or

/ba'rouk/ flamboyance
园奢华的， 复杂的

quixotic 因adj. foolishly impractical especially in the pursuit of ideals

/kw1k'sat1k/ 园不切实际的
囡idealistic

困adj. capricious or unpredictable

园变化多端的， 变幻莫测的

mockery 因n. insulting or contemptuous action or speech

j'makari/ 园嘲笑
囡derision

tactful 因adj. careful not to offend or upset other people

/'t王 ktfal / 园为他人着想的， 圆滑的

trendy 因adj. very fashionable

/'trcndi/ 园时髦的

subsidize 因v. to help someone or something pay for the costs of (something)
tsAbsa,darz/ 园资助， 赞助
圆subsidization n. 补助， 奖金

numinous 因adj. supernatural, mysterious

『numanas/ 国超自然的
囡occult

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·.. 42 ..:
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demonstrable 因adj. able to be proven or shown
/d11 manstrab的 国可证明的
因adj. apparent, evident
园明显的

pertinacious 困adj. holding tenaciously to a purpose, belief, opinion, or course of

/,p3rtan 1 e1Jas/ action
园坚持的， 固执的

scarce 因adj. not plentiful or abundant

/skcrs/ 园缺乏的

lavish 因adj. having a very rich and expensive quality

/'l�v1J/ 园奢华的
困adj. giving or using a large amount of something
园大量使用的， 浪费的
因v. to expend or bestow with profusion
园挥霍， 浪费

sanguine 因adj. confident and hopeful

/'scer:1gw1n/ 园乐观的

waver 因v. to become unsteady because of weakness, emotion, tiredness, etc.

『wervar/ 园摇摆不定
回oscillate
因unwavering

engender 因v. to cause to exist or to develop

/En 1 d3Endar/ 园产生
囡yield, inaugurate
因eradicate

elusive 因adj. hard to understand, define, or remember

/i'IUSIV / 园难懂的
囡cryptic
因adj. hard to find or capture
园难以捕捉的
囡evasive, slippery

ponder 因v. to think about or consider (something) carefully

/'pandar/ 园沉思， 仔细思考
囡contemplate

. ...

·.. 44 ..:
... .
baseless 困adj. groundless or unwarranted
/'berslrs/ 园毫无根据的

momentary 因adj. lasting a very short time

/' mouman,t 打 1/ 四短暂的
囡evanescent, fleeting

debilitate 因v. to impair the strength of

/di'brla,tert/ 四使…衰弱， 虚弱

acute 因adj. keenly perceptive or discerning; penetrating

闷kjut/ 园敏锐的
囡incisive
圆acuity n. 敏锐
因adj. marked by keen discernment or intellectual perception especially
of subtle distinctions
园严重的， 关键的
因 adj. extremely sharp or severe; intense
园剧烈的， 强烈的

resent 困v. to be angry or upset about (someone or something that you think is
/ n 1 2Ent/ unfair)
园憎恨， 生气
圆resentful adj. 厌恶的

delightful 因adj. highly pleasing

/d1 1 la1tfal/ 园（形容事物）令人愉悦的， 令人高兴的

decisive 困adj. resolute or determined

/di 1sa1s1v/ 园果决的， 坚定的
因adj. determining what the result of something will be
四决定性的
..........................................
因adj. very clear and obvious
园明显的
囡unmistakable

testimony 因n. proof or evidence that something exists or is true

/'tEsta mourn I 园证词， 证据

nominal 因adj. existing as something in name only

『namanal/ 园名义上的
. ........................................
因adj. very small in amount
园微不足道的

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·.. 46 ..:
... .
plague 因v. to cause worry or distress to
/plerg/ 园困扰
因n. a disease that causes death and that spreads quickly to a large
number of people
园瘟疫， 灾害

counterintuitive因adj. not agreeing with what seems right or natural

/'kauntann'tu1uv/ 园违反常理的， 与直觉相反的

intriguing 国非常有趣的
/1n'trig1r:1/ 回fascinating

magnanimous 因adj. having or showing a generous and kind nature

/m�g'n�namas/ 园大度的，慷慨的
囡generous

untether 因v. to free from or as if from a tether

从n 1 tEbar/ 园释放， 脱离
回divorce

formulaic 因adj. containing or made from ideas or expressions that have been
/,brmju'lenk/ used many times before and are therefore not very new or interesting
园刻板的， 俗套的
囡canned

gambit 因n. a calculated move

j'gcembrt/ 园计谋， 策略

vivacious 因adj. happy and lively in a way that is attractive

/va1 1 ve1Jas/ 园活力四射的
因phlegmatic
圆vivacity n. 活力

stratify 因v. to divide or arrange into classes, castes, or social strata

/'str 王taJar/ 园分层级
囡hierarchical

exceptional 因adj. not usual

压k'sEpfanal/ 园不寻常的
囡preternatura I
因adj. better than average
园杰出的， 超常的

slump 因v. to decrease suddenly and by a large amount

/slAmp/ 园急速下跌

pessimistic 因adj. having or showing a lack of hope for the future

/ ,p£sa'mrstrk/ 园悲观的 . ...

·.. 48 ..:
... .
/'hrndar/ 园阻碍
囡inhibit, block

formidable 因adj. tending to inspire awe or wonder

/'brmadabal/ 园令人惊叹的， 令人畏惧的
囡daunting
因adj. causing fear, dread or apprehension
园可怕的

因adj. very difficult to deal with

园艰巨的

impenetrable 因adj. impossible to understand

/1m 1 pEn1trabal/ 园难懂的

困j-�-d].
incapable of being penetrated or pierced
园无法穿透的
因adj. impervious to sentiment or argument
园无动于衷的， 铁石心肠的

obtrude 因 V. to force or impose (as oneself or one's ideas) without warrant or

/ab 1 trud/ request
园强迫，强加于
因v. to become involved with something or to become noticeable in an
unpleasant or annoying way
园闯入（流行的话叫乱入）

debunk 因v. to show that something (such as a belief or theory) is not true
/di 1 bAl)k/ 园拆穿， 揭露…的错误

umbrage 因 n. a feeling of being offended by what someone has said or done

/'Ambrrd引 园生气， 不悦

affinity 因 n. a liking for or an attraction to something

/a'frnrti/ 园倾向， 偏好
因 n. an inherent similarity between persons or things
园相似

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·.. 50 ..:
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loquacious 因adj. liking to talk and talking smoothly and easily
/lou 1 kwe1Jas/ 园话多的
囡garrulous
因taciturn
回loquacity n. 话多

marginal 因adj. not very important

j'mard3anal/ 园边缘的， 不重要的
囡peripheral, fringe

adjuration 因n. an earnest urging or advising

/,ced3u're1Jan / 园恳求， 恳请

dreary 因adj. causing unhappiness or sad feelings

/'drrri / 园令人悲伤的

callous 因adj. not feeling or showing any concern about the problems or
/'k 刮 as/ suffering of other people
园冷漠的
囡heartless

discount 因 v. to minimize the importance of

/'drs,kaunt/ 园低估， 轻视
囡undervalue

ostentatious 因adj. marked by or fond of conspicuous or vainglorious and sometimes

/ ,astEn'teJas I pretentious display
园炫耀的

thwart 因 v. to prevent (someone) from doing something or to stop (something)

/0wJrt/ from happening
园破坏， 阻止
囡frustrate

distress 因n. unhappiness or pain

/d1 1 str£s/ 园紧张， 忧虑， 不适
....................................
因 v. to worry or upset (someone)
园使紧张忧虑

raillery 因n. friendly joking about or with somebody

/'relari/ 园打趣
回banter

exasperate 因 v. to make (someone) very angry or annoyed

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/bla沁／ 园无忧无虑的，轻松的
因grave

因adj. lacking due thought or consideration

园轻率的

refute 因 v. to prove that (something) is not true

/n'fjut/ 园驳倒， 否认
圆irrefutable adj. 无可辩驳的

vacuous 因adj. emptied of or lacking content

闷王kjuas/ 园空的， 空洞的
因plentiful
回 vacuity n. 空虚
因adj. marked by lack of ideas or intelligence
园愚蠢的

enervate 因 v. to make (someone or something) very weak or tired

店nar,ve1t/ 园使…衰弱
囡debilitate
因strengthen
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

因adj. lacking physical, mental, or moral vigor

园虚弱的

honorific 因adj. giving or expressing honor or respect

I ,a na'r巾 k/ 园尊敬的

disprove 因 v. to show that (something) is false or wrong

/d 因 pruv/ 园驳斥
圆disproof n. 反证， 反驳

extinguish 因 v. to cause (something) to stop burning

压k 1 StlrJgw1J/ 园熄灭
回douse
因ignite

困立 to cause the end or death of (something)

园使…灭绝

excoriate 因 v. to censure scathingly

压k'skJri,e1t/ 园强烈斥责
囡crab, indict

immutable 因adj. not subject or susceptible to change

/1'mjutabal/ 园不变的
圆mutate v. 改变， 变化

hypercritical 因adj. criticizing other people or things too strongly or too often
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·.. 54 ..:
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alarmism 因 n. the often unwarranted exciting of fears or warning of danger
/a'la:mizam/ 园（毫无根据的）担忧， 危言耸听

divisive 因adj. causing a lot of disagreement between people and causing them
/da 1 va1s1v/ to separate into different groups
园引起争议的， 引起分裂的
因unifying

torpor 因n. a state of not being active and having very little energy
/'tJrpar/ 园麻木， 迟钝， 懒散
因exciting, celerity

indolent 因adj. not liking to work or be active

『rndalant/ 园懒惰的

compulsory 因adj. having the power of forcing someone to do something

/kam1 pAlsari / 国强制的

revelation 因n. an act of revealing to view or making known

/ ,rcva'lerfan/ 园揭露

contingency 因n. something (such as an emergency) that might happen

/kan 1 tind3ansi / 园可能事件

prolific 因adj. producing a large amount of something

/prou'I 巾 k/ 园多产的

alacrity 因n. a quick and cheerful readiness to do something

/a'lcekrati/ 园欣然同意
因reluctance, hesitance

transcend 因v. to rise above or go beyond the limits of

/tr�n 衮 nd/ 园超越
图transcendent adj. 卓越的， 超常的
困v. to outstrip or outdo in some attribute, quality, or power
园胜出， 超出
因 V. to triumph over the negative or restnct,ve aspects of
园克服， 战胜
囡overcome

resonate 因v. to produce or exhibit resonance

/'rcza,nert/ 园回呴
因v. to evoke a feeling of shared emotion or belief
园引起共呜
囡ring true

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·.. 56 ..:
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overwrought 因adj. very excited or upset
/,ouvar 1 nt/ 园情绪激动或不高兴的
因impassive

purposeful 因adj. having a clear aim or purpose

/'p3rpasfal/ 园有目的的， 故意的

prognosis 因n. a doctor's opinion about how someone will recover from an illness
/prag'nous1s/ or inJury
园诊断
因n. a judgment about what is going to happen in the future
园预言

malleable 因adj. able to adjust to changing circumstances; adaptable

『m刮 iabal/ 园易适应的， 能适应的
囡plastic

forgo 因v. to give up the enjoyment or advantage of: do without

/br'gou/ 园放弃（优势）

encumber 因v. to cause problems or difficulties for

/En 1 kAmbar/ 园阻碍

barbarity 因n. extreme cruelty

/bar'bHati/ 园野蛮， 残忍
囡cruelty

sanctimonious 因adj. pretending to be morally better than other people

/,s 王 l]k百 mouni和 园假装道德高尚的， 假正经的
囡preachy, didactic

repugnant 因adj. causing a strong feeling of dislike or disgust

/n'pAgnant/ 园令人厌恶的
图repugnance n. 反感， 厌恶

pseudonym 因n. a name that someone (such as a writer) uses instead of his or her
j'suda,nrm/ real name
园假名

explicit 因adj. very clear and complete and leaving no doubt about the meaning
压ks'plrsrt/ 园明白的， 清楚的

inexorable 因adj. not capable of being persuaded by entreaty; relentless

／九n£ksarabal/ 园无动于衷的， 无情的

dissemble 因v. to hide your true feelings, opinions, etc.

/d1 1 sE.mbal/ 园隐藏伪装（感情、 意见）

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·.. 58 ..:
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distill 因 v. to let fall, exude, or precipitate in drops or in a wet mist
/dr'strl/ 园蒸熘
困 v. to extract the essence of
园提炼

imitate 因 v. to do the same thing as

j'rmr,tert/ 园模仿
回inimitable adj. 模仿的

encyclopedic 因adj. dealing with or knowing a subject thoroughly or completely

/£n,sarklou'pidrk/ 园（如大百科全书般）全面的
囡exhaustive

euphemism 因n. a mild or pleasant word or phrase that is used instead of one that is
/'jufa,m1zam/ unpleasant or offensive
园委婉语
因 unpolished

nondescript 因adj. lacking distinctive qualities; having no individual character or form

/ ,nandr'skrrpt/ 园平庸的
囡unexceptional

adverse 因adj. bad or unfavorable

／王d 1v3rs/ 园不利的， 有害的
囡unfavourable
因 allied
圆adversity n. 逆境adversary n. 对手

enduring 因adj. lasting, continuing

/En 1 dunrJ/ 国长期的

enliven 因 v. to give life, action, or spirit to

/En'larvan/ 国使活跃

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remuneration 因n. an amount of money paid to someone for the work that person has done
/n,mjuna1 re1Jan/ 园酬金

sparkling 因adj. shining with brilliant points of light like stars

/'spa :k(a)III) / 园闪闪发光的

luxuriant 因adj. having heavy and thick growth

/IAg 1 3uriant/ 园繁茂的
囡rampant
因 adj. having an appealingly rich quality
园奢华的

credential 因n. something that gives a title to credit or confidence

/kn'dcnJal / 园证明

recoil 因 v. to quickly move away from something that is shocking, frightening,

／订k)II/ or disgusting : to react to something with shock or fear
园畏缩

scandalous 因adj. shocking or offensive

『sk�ndalas/ 园令人震惊的， 反感的

erode 因 v. to diminish or destroy by degrees

/i'roud/ 园腐蚀
囡shrink from

tenuous 因adj. not certain, definite, or strong : flimsy, weak, or uncertain

/'tE.njuas/ 园站不住脚的
因 adj. very thin
园稀薄的
因 substantial

fluctuate 因 v. to change level, strength, or value frequently

/'flAktfu, e1t/ 园波动， 起伏， 上上下下
囡vacillate, vary
因stabilize

contentious 因adj. likely to cause people to argue or disagree

/ kan'tcnJas/ 园引起争议的
囡controversial, fraught, polemical

困adj. likely or willing to argue

园爱争吵的

patchwork 因n. something made of miscellaneous or incongruous parts or elements

/' p 王 tJ,w3rk/ 园混合物
囡hodgepodge, welter
. ...

·.. 62 ..:
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ornamental 因adj. used to make something more attractive
/, Jrna 1m£ntal/ 园装饰性的， 美观的
囡decorative

convivial 因adj. of or relating to social events where people can eat, drink, and talk
/ kan 1 v1vial/ in a friendly way with others
园好交际的， 欢聚的

multifarious 因adj. of many and various kinds

/ ,m从ta'fcerias/ 园各种各样的

panacea 因 n. a remedy for all ills or difficulties

/ ,p�na'sia/ 园万能灵药
囡cure-all

countenance 因 n. bearing or expression that offers approval or sanction

/'kauntanans/ 园赞同
困�- to accept, support, or approve of (something)
园支持， 赞同

inflammatory 因adj. tending to excite anger, disorder, or tumult : seditious

/1n'fl 王ma,tJri / 园煽动性的
囡provocative

taint 因v. to hurt or damage the good condition of (something)

/te1nt/ 园站污， 破坏

rigorous 因adj. very strict and demanding

fngaras/ 国严格的
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

困adj. done carefully and with a lot of attention to detail

园细致的， 准确的

delude 因v. to cause (someone) to believe something that is not true

/d1 1 lud/ 园迷惑， 欺骗

iII-advised 因adj. not wise or sensible

frlad 1 varzd/ 园不明智的， 不合理的
囡misguided

prosaic 因adj. everyday or ordinary

/pra 1 ze1k/ 园普通寻常的
困adj. characteristic of prose as distinguished from poetry
园散文的
困adj. dull or unimaginative
园缺乏创意的
. ...

·.. 64 ..:
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 园鼓励， 使 … 有活力
囡galvanize, rouse

contemporary 因adj. happening or beginning now or in recent times

/kan'tcmpa,rcri/ 园当代的， 现代的
................................................
因adj. from the same time period
园同时代的

underlie 因 v. to form the basis or foundation of (an idea, a process, etc.)

/,Andar 1 la1/ 园成为 … 根据， 基础

困 v. to lie or be located under (something)

园位于 … 最下面

anecdote 因n. a short account of an interesting or humorous incident

／氐nrk,dout/ 园秩事， 趣闻

ministration 因n. the act or process of ministering

/,m1n1s 1 tre1Jan/ 园帮助

banal 因adj. boring or ordinary

/'bernal/ 园无聊的
回stale
因arresting

flippant 因adj. lacking proper respect or seriousness

ffl1pant/ 园轻率无礼的，不严肃的
因 earnest
回flip v. 翻动

invective 因n. harsh or insulting words

/In 戏 ktiv/ 园辱骂， 侮辱
因laud, encomium

paltry 因n. very small or too small in amount

j'p)ltri/ 园少量
囡insufficient, meager

miserly 因adj. hating to spend money

j'ma1zarli/ 园吝啬的

renowned 因adj. known and admired by many people for some special quality or
/n'naund/ achievement
园出名的
囡celebrated

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 困 n. a state of exasperation
园愤怒

compelling 因adj. very interesting

/kam 1 pEIII]/ 园有趣的
囡interesting
因adj. capable of causing someone to believe or agree
园有说服力的

overt 因adj. open to view

/ou'v3rt/ 园明显的

fraudulent 因adj. done to trick someone for the purpose of getting something
『fod3alant/ valuable
园欺诈的

perilous 因adj. full of danger

『pualas/ 园危险的
回precarious, dangerous

cataclysm 因 n. something that causes great destruction, violence, etc.

/'k�ta,klrzam/ 园灾难
圆cataclysmic adj. 灾难性的

concede 因 v. to admit (something) usually in an unwilling way

/kan'sid/ 园承认
回acknowledge

horrific 因adj. causing horror or shock

/ hJ'rrfrk/ 园可怕的

multitudinous 因adj. very many

/,m从 ta'tudanas/ 园很多的

downplay 因 v. to make (something) seem smaller or less important

『daun,pler/ 园轻描淡写

purport 因n. meaning conveyed, professed, or implied

/p寸 p)rt/ 园中心思想
困v. to claim to be or do a particular thing when this claim may not be true
园（虚假地）声称

mediocre 因adj. of moderate or low quality, value, ability, or performance

/,midi 1 oukar/ 园平庸的， 平凡的

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 困v. to say bad things about (someone or something) publicly
园贬损， 低毁

imperative 因adj. very important

/1m 1 puat1v/ 园重要的
..............................
因 n. a command, rule, duty, etc., that is very important or necessary
园命令， 要求

ethical 因adj. morally right and good

f c:01kal/ 园道德的

consequential 因adj. having significant consequences

/,kansr'kwEnJal/ 国重要的
因nugatory
圆inconsequential adj. 不重要的
困adj. self-important
园自以为是的
困adj. happening as a result
园结果的

perpetuate 困 v. to cause (something that should be stopped, such as a mistaken

/par'pc.tJu,ert/ idea or a bad situation) to continue
园持续， 使…继续

anathema 因n. someone or something that is very strongly disliked

/a'nce0ama/ 园极其讨厌的人或事
因 n. a vehement denunciation
园咒骂

illuminate 因v. to make (something) clear and easier to understand

/1'luma,ne1t/ 园阐述清楚
囡clarify

. ...

·.. 70 ..:
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 困 v. to notice and understand (something)
园理解
因 v. to anticipate especially with anxiety, dread, or fear
园害怕， 恐惧
囡trepidation
因intrepid

disarray 因n. a lack of order

/ ,drsa'rer/ 园杂乱， 混乱
因 v. to throw into disorder
园使混乱

tedious 因adj. boring and too slow or long

/'tidias / 园冗长无聊的
囡boring, dreary

emphasis 因n. special importance or attention given to something

店mfasrs/ 园强调
圆emphasize v. 强调

irascible 因adj. becoming angry very easily

/11 rcesabal/ 园易怒的， 坏脾气的
囡exasperation

fastidious 因adj. very careful about how you do something

ff 妥 stidias/ 园小心谨慎的， 挑剔的
因 indiscriminate

occlude 因 v. to close up or block off

/a1 klud/ 园阻塞

impair 因 v. to make (something) weaker or worse

/1m1 pu/ 园损害
囡subvert, undercut, undermine, compromise, vitiate

laudatory 因adj. expressing or containing praise

/'bda,tJri/ 园赞美的
圆laud v. 赞美

prevalent 因adj. common or widespread

『prEvalant/ 园流行的， 普遍的
囡extensive, widespread

deprecate 因 v. to criticize or express disapproval of (someone or something)

t 中 praJeit/ 园贬损， 低毁
回detract
圆deprecatory adj. 不赞成的， 反对的
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asseverate 因v. to affirm or declare positively or earnestly
闷scva,rert/ 园郑重声明

arbitrary 因adj. not planned or chosen for a particular reason

/'arba,trui / 园武断的， 任性的
因adj. existing or coming about seemingly at random or by chance or as
a capricious and unreasonable act of will
园随意的

discretion 因 n. power of free decision or latitude of choice within certain legal

/d1 1skrEJan/ bounds
园自由决定
困 n. the quality of having or showing discernment or good judgment: the
quality of being discreet: circumspection;
园谨慎
因injudicious

sacrosanct 因adj. most sacred or holy

j's王 krou,s王 l]kt/ 国神圣而不可侵犯的

quiescent 因adj. not active

/kwa 卢sant/ 园静止的， 不活跃的
囡calm
因restless
囡quiescence n. 静止

evasive 困adj. not honest or direct

厅versrv/ 园回避的， 闪烁其词的
回elusive

defer 困v. put off, delay

/di'f3r/ 园推迟
.........................
困 V. to submit to another s wishes, opinion, or governance usually
through deference or respect
园顺从

innocuous 因adj. having no adverse effect; harmless

/1'nakjuas/ 园无害的
囡harmless
因caustic
. ..............................................................
因adj. not likely to offend or provoke to strong emotion; insipid
园平淡乏味的

arcane 因adj. known or understood by only a few people

/ar'kern/ 园难懂的， 只有少数人懂得的
囡esoteric, recondite, abstruse
. ...

·.. 74 ..:
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premise 因n. a proposition antecedently supposed or proved as a basis of
『prEm1s/ argument or inference
园前提

motivate 因 v. to provide with a motive

『mouta,ve1t/ 园激励

linkage 因n. a connection or relationship between two or more things

/'IIr]kid 引 园连接， 联结

hypocrisy 因n. a feigning to be what one is not or to believe what one does not;
/hr'pakrasi/ especially : the false assumption of an appearance of virtue or religion
园虚伪， 伪善
回insincerity

redundant 因adj. needlessly wordy or repetitive in expression

／订dAndant/ 园重复的， 冗余的， 赘述的
因economical

mitigate 因 v. to make less severe or intense

『m1ta,ge1t/ 园减缓
回abate, ameliorate

wane 因 v. to decrease gradually

/we1n/ 园减少， 衰退
囡ebb, decline
困 v. to approach an end
园结束
困 v. to show a progressively smaller illuminated area, as the moon does
in passing from full to new
园（月亮的）亏

accountable 因adj. required to be responsible for something

/a'kauntabal/ 园（对某事）负责任的
图accountability n. 有责任， 有义务
困adj. capable of being explained
园可以解释的

fecund 因adj. fruitful in offspring or vegetation

/'fikand/ 园多产的
回fecundity n. 多产
因 adj. intellectually productive or inventive
园有创造力的， 硕果颇丰的

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simplistic 因adj. too simple
/srm'plrstrk/ 园过于简化的

chivalrous 因adj. valiant

门1valras/ 园勇敢的
因adj. showing respect and politeness especially toward women
园绅士风度的， 礼貌的

apathetic 因adj. not having or showing much emotion or interest

/, 王 pa'0 平 k/ 园漠不关心的
囡passivity
回 apathy n. 冷漠

dedicate 因 v. to commit to a goal or way of life

『d 釭1Ik1t/ 园致力于， 奉献于

blemish 因 v. to hurt or damage the good condition of (something)

/'blEmrJ/ 园站污， 破坏
囡defect
因n. a mark that makes something imperfect or less beautiful
园污点

inertia 因n. lack of movement or activity especially when movement or activity is

/1n'3rJa/ wanted or needed
园不动， 不活跃
囡inactive
回 inert adj. 不活跃的
因n. a feeling of not having the energy or desire that is needed to move,
change, etc.
园（思想上的）惰性

intelligible 因adj. able to be understood

/1n't 出 d3abal/ 园可以理解的
囡readable

primacy 因n. the state of being most important or strongest

j'prarmasi / 园首要， 首位

untenable 因adj. not capable of being defended against attack or criticism

从n 1 tc:nabal/ 园（论点）经不起反驳的， 站不住脚的
囡baseless

incivility 因n. a rude or impolite attitude or behavior

/,rnsa'vrlrti / 园不礼貌

laconic 因adj. using few words in speech or writing

. ...

·.. 78 ..:
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 囡 animate, rouse
困; to arouse to awareness or action
园激起…意识， 激发…行动

interchangeable 因adj. capable of being used in place of each other

肛ntar'tJe1nd3abal/ 园可交换的， 相似的
囡fungible

exiguous 因adj. excessively scanty

匡g'z1gJuas/ 四极其缺乏的

truism 因 n. an undoubted or self-evident truth

/'tru ,1zam / 园 真理

valorize 因 v. to give or assign a value to, especially a higher value

『v 刮 ar,a1z/ 国规定价格（引申为赞美）
囡exalt

meticulous 因adj. very careful about doing something in an extremely accurate and
/ma'trkjulas/ exact way
园谨慎的
囡painstaking, exactitude, thorough

satire 因 n. humor that shows the weaknesses or bad qualities of a person,

j's 王 ta1r/
， government, society, etc.
四讽刺，嘲讽
囡mockery

proprietary 因adj. kept private by an owner

/p 卤 pra 臣住 ri/ 园私有的

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·.. 80 ..:
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revive 因 v. to make (someone or something) strong, healthy, or active again
I 订 varv/ 园使…复苏

antediluvian 因adj. very old or old-fashioned

/, 王 ntida'luvian/ 园极为过时的
囡archaic

facet 因n. a part or element of something

/'f王 Sit/ 园某一方面

ponderous 因adj. slow or awkward because of weight and size

/'pandaras/ 园笨重的
因gossamer

因 adj. very boring or dull

园无聊的

detract 因 v. to diminish the importance, value, or effectiveness of something

/di'tr王 kt/ 园贬低
囡deprecate
回 detractor n. 诽谤者

specific 因adj. relating to a particular person, situation, etc.

/spa's 巾 k/ 园独特的
因adj. clearly and exactly presented or stated
园清晰的， 明确的

aggrandize 因 v. to make appear great or greater

闷gr 王 n,da1z/ 园夸大， 吹捧
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

困 v. to enhance the power, wealth, position, or reputation of

园抬高身价， 提高地位
图self-aggrandize v. 自我吹捧

prospect 因n. someone or something that is likely to succeed or to be chosen

/'pras,pckt/ 园前景

chagrin 因n. a feeling of being frustrated or annoyed because of failure or

/Ja'gnn/ disappointment
园苦恼， 烦恼
因 v. to vex or unsettle by disappointing or humiliating
园使烦恼

seclusion 因n. the act of placing or keeping someone away from other people : the
/sr 1 klu3an/ act of secluding someone
园隔离， 隐居

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humility 因n. the quality or state of being humble
/hju 1 m1lati/ 园谦虚

disclose 因v. to make (something) known to the public

/d 氐 klouz/ 园揭发， 揭露

adversarial 因adj. involving two people or two sides who oppose each other
/,cedvar'saial/ 园敌对的
囡antagonistic
图adversary n. 对手

beneficiary 因n. a person, organization, etc., that is helped by something

/,b£na 1 f订i,Hi/ 园受帮助的人

premature 因adj. happening too soon or earlier than usual

/,prima'tur/ 园过早的

jeopardize 因v. to put (something or someone) in danger

/'d3Epar,da1z/ 园使…危险
囡endanger

conjure 因v. to create or imagine (something)

/'kAnd3ar/ 园想象出
囡imagine

persevere 因v. to continue doing something or trying to do something even though

/,p3rsa'vir/ it is difficult
园坚持

enormous 因adj. very great in size or amount

/i 1 nJrmas/ 园大量的
囡magnitude

因 adj. exceedingly wicked

园穷凶极恶的

．
inverse 因adj. opposite in order, nature, or effect
/In泗rs/ 园相反的

indiscriminate 因adj. not marked by careful distinction

/,1nd1'sknm1n1t/ 园不加区分的， 不加选择的
因adj. heterogeneous or motley
园（因为不加区别而）多样的

defy 因v. to refuse to obey

/di 1 fa1/ 园不遵守，不服从， 抵抗
囡disregard, flout
回defiant adj. 反抗的 . . . .

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inexpressible 因adj. too strong or great to be expressed or described
/,I 陨 ks 1 pr£sabal/ 园无以言表的

absorbing 因adj. fully taking one's attention

／王b 1 sJrb11]/ 园吸引人的

plethora 因 n. a very large amount or number

j'plE.0ara/ 园大量
囡glut, surfeit
因dearth, scarce

disregard 因 v. to ignore (something) or treat (something) as unimportant

/ ,drsrr'gard/ 园无视， 忽视
囡contempt

turbulent 因adj. causing unrest, violence, or disturbance

/'t3rbjalant/ 园混乱的

antagonistic 因adj. showing dislike or opposition

/cen,t 王 ga'nrstrk/ 园敌对的
囡adversarial, inimical
图antagonize v. 使敌对

commonplace 因n. something that happens or appears in many places and is not
/'kaman,ple1s/ unusual
园平庸

meager 因adj. deficient in quality or quantity

/'migar/ 园不足的， 少的
囡insufficient, paltry

tendentious 因adj. strongly favoring a particular point of view in a way that may cause
/tEn'denJas / argument
园偏袒的， 偏向的
因unbiased

prestige 因n. the respect and admiration that someone or something gets for
/prcs 1 ti3/ being successful or important
园声望， 声誉
圆prestigious adj. 受到尊敬的， 有威望的

burlesque 因 v. to imitate in a humorous or derisive manner

/bar 1 l£sk/ 园通过滑稽的模仿而讽刺

attain 因 v. to accomplish or achieve (something): to succeed in getting or doing

/a 1te1n/ (something)
园达到， 获得
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penalty 因n. punishment for breaking a rule or law
『pEnalti/ 园惩罚
圆penalize v. 惩罚

prefigure 因v. to show or suggest (something that will happen or exist at a future
/pr 咱 gjar/ time)
园预示
囡anticipate

glorify 因v. to represent as glorious

/'gbra,far/ 园赞美

animus 因 n. a strong feeling of dislike or hatred

／左namas/ 园敌意
回hostility

justification 因n. an acceptable reason for doing something

/ ,d3Astafr'kerfan/ 园理由
圆justify v. 使…合理

pertain 因v. to relate to

/par1 te1n/ 园与…相关
因irrelevant
......................
困v. to be appropriate to something
园适用， 适合

aggr1eve 因v. to give pain or trouble to : distress

闷griv/ 园使痛苦
因v. to inflict injury on
园侵害

dearth 因n. the state or condition of not having enough of something

/ d3r0 / 园缺乏
囡paucity, vacuousness
因glut, plethora

calumny 因n. an untrue statement that is made to damage someone's reputation

/'k刮 amni/ 园诽谤
囡defamatory

rampant 因adj. profusely widespread

/'顷mpant/ 国广泛的
因adj. growing quickly and in a way that is difficult to control
园猖獗的
囡luxuriant

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disquisition 因 n. a long speech or written report on a subject
/ ,drskwr'zrJan/ 园演讲， 报告

foretell 因v. to tell of or indicate beforehand

ff寸 tEI/ 园预言， 预测

understate 因 v. to represent as less than 1s the case

/ ,Andar'steit/ 园少说， 少报
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

因 v. to state or present with restraint especially for effect

园带有限制地表达

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 困adj. indicative of disease
园病态的

circuitous 因adj. not being forthright or direct in language or action

/sar'kjuatas/ 园兜圈子的， 不直接的
囡indirect

propitious 因adj. likely to have or produce good results

/prou 1 p1Jas/ 园吉祥的， 吉利的
囡auspicious

insightful 因adj. having or showing a very clear understanding of something

/1n'sa1tfal/ having or showing insight
园有洞察力的

nullify 因v. to cause (something) to lose its value or to have no effect

/'nAla,far/ 园使…无效
囡disprove

facilitate 因v. to make easier

/fa'srla,tert/ 园辅助， 帮助
囡speed up
因hamper

appeal 因v. to ask for something (such as help or support) in a serious way
闷pi l/ 园呼吁， 恳求
因v. to be pleasing or attractive to someone
园吸引

appease 因v. to make (someone) pleased or less angry by giving or saying

闷piz/ something desired
园安抚， 缓和
囡placate

deleterious 因adj. damaging or harmful

/,dEla'trrias/ 园有害的
囡detrimental, devastating

ethereal 因adj. lacking material substance : immaterial, intangible

/i'0uial/ 园虚无的
因adj. of or relating to the regions beyond the earth
园天上的

rehabilitate 因v. to restore to a former capacity

/,riha'b 啦 ， te1t/ 园恢复
回restore

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shoddy 因adj. poorly done or made
tfadi/ 园劣质的

heterogeneous 因adj. made up of parts that are different

/,hetar过3ini和 园组成多样的， 混合的
囡disparate, dissimilar

verisimilitude 因n. the quality of seeming real

/,v 拉 s1 1 m1la,tud/ 园逼真
囡realism

derivative 因adj. unoriginal

/da'nvativ/ 园非原创的
因precursory

sycophantic 因adj. fawning, obsequious

/'srkafant/ 园奉承的
囡obsequious; adulator
圆sycophant n. 奉承者

circumvent 因 v. to avoid being stopped by (something, such as a law or rule)

/,s3rkam 1 vcnt/ 园绕过， 回避
回bypass, skirt, sidestep

rigid 因adj. not flexible

tn屯Id/ 园僵硬的
囡dogmatic
圆rigidity n. 僵硬
因adj. precise and accurate in procedure
园严格精确的
困adj. not willing to change opinions or behavior
园思想僵化的

plaintive 因adj. expressing suffering or sadness

j'ple1nt1v/ 园痛苦的
囡elegiac

detestation 因n. extreme hatred or dislike

/,ditEs 1 te1Jan/ 园厌恶， 反感
图detest v. 厌恶

susceptible 因adj. easily affected, influenced, or harmed by something

/sa哀 ptabal/ 园易受影响的

tautology 因n. a statement in which you repeat a word, idea, etc., in a way that is
/tJ'talad引／ not necessary
园赘述 . ...

·.. 94 ..:
... .
cosmopolitan 因adj. having worldwide rather than limited or provincial scope or bearing
/,kazma'palatan/ 园见多识广的
因insular

困adj. composed of persons, constituents, or elements from all or many

parts of the world
园来自四面八方的
困adj. found in most parts of the world and under varied ecological
conditions
园世界各地都有的

panoply 因n. a group or collection that is impressive because it is so big or

『p 王 napli/ because it includes so many different kinds of people or things
园大批， 全副（装备）

arboreal 因adj. of or relating to trees

/ar'bJrial / 园树的
........................................
困adj. living in or often found in trees
园多树的

nostalgia 因n. the state of being homesick

/na'st 刮 d3a/ 园思乡
因 n. a wistful or excessively sentimental yearning for return to or of some
past period or irrecoverable condition
园思念过去

peremptory 因adj. admitting of no contradiction

/par1 £m ptari/ 园不容反抗的， 断然的
困adj. characterized by often imperious or arrogant self-assurance
园狂妄自大的

avian 因adj. of or relating to birds

『e1vian/ 园跟鸟有关的

ramshackle 因adj. appearing ready to collapse

/'顷mJcekal/ 园摇摇欲坠的
因 adj. not carefully made or put together
园制作粗糙的

quiver 因 v. to shake because of fear, cold, nervousness, etc.

/'kw1var/ 园战栗

rancor 因n. an angry feeling of hatred or dislike for someone who has treated
/'rcerJkar/ you unfairly
园憎恨
. ...

·.. 96 ..:
... .
 困adj. able to become strong, healthy or successful again after
something bad happens
园能（从困境中）恢复的

revolt 因v. to fight in a violent way against the rule of a leader or government
／订vault/ 园反叛， 反抗
因v. to cause (someone) to feel disgust or shock
园反感

devolve 因v. to gradually go from an advanced state to a less advanced state

/d1 1 valv/ 园衰落
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

困v. to pass on from one person or entity to another

园（权力、 责任）移交

adulation 因n. excessive or slavish admiration or flattery

／氐d3u,le1t/ 园恭维， 吹捧
囡sycophant

demolish 因v. to forcefully tear down or take apart (a structure)

/d1 1 mal1J/ 园拆毁
因v. to damage (something) so that it cannot be repaired
园破坏

timely 因adv. in time

/'tarmli/ 园合时宜地
囡opportune

snapshot 因n. a quick view or a small amount of information that tells you a little
/'sn 王 pJat/ about what someone or something is like
园大致情况；简介
因n. an informal photograph that is taken quickly
园快照

obsequious 因adj. too eager to help or obey someone important

/ab'sikwias/ 园谄媚的
回sycophantic

gut 因 n. innermost emotional or visceral response

/gAt/ 园内心深处
困 v. to extract essential or maJor parts of
园摘取要点

hierarchy 因n. the classification of a group of people according to ability or to

/'harar,arki/ economic, social, or professional standing or the group so classified
园等级制度， 有等级划分的组织
图hierarchical adj. 分层的， 等级体系的
. ...

·.. 98 ..:
... .
unanimous 因adj. having the same opinion
/ju'ncenamas/ 园意见 一 致的

neologism 因n. a new word or expression or a new meaning of a word

/ni'ala, 屯1zam/ 园新词， 新意思
因archaism

aristocracy 因n. government by the best individuals or by a small privileged class

I 氐 rr'stakrasi/ 园贵族统治， 精英统治
因menial
圆aristocratic adj. 贵族的

inimical 因adj. likely to cause damage or have a bad effect

/1'n1m1kal/ 园有害的， 不友好的
回antagonistic

hallow 因 v. to respect greatly: venerate

/'h 刮 ou/ 园尊敬， 崇敬
囡respect

....

·._ 100_.:
... .
retribution 因n. punishment for doing something wrong
/,rE.tra'bjuJan/ 园惩罚

charlatan 因n. a person who falsely pretends to know or be something in order to

/'Jarlatan/ deceive people
园骗子

malinger 因v. to feign illness or other incapacity in order to avoid duty or work
/ma'IIl)gar/ 园装病以逃避工作

halcyon 因adj. very happy and successful

/'h 刮 sian/ 园岁月静好的， 安宁的
因miserable

predominant 因adj. more important, powerful, successful, or noticeable than other

/pri'damanant/ people or things
园最显著的， 主导的

evocative 因adj. bringing thoughts, memories, or feelings into the mind

厅vakauv/ 园唤起的

nonchalant 因adj. relaxed and calm in a way that shows that you do not care or are
1
I , nanfa lant/ not worried about anything
园漠不关心的

ennoble 因v. to make (someone or something) better or more worthy of

/E'noubal/ admiration
园使…崇高
因abase

eradicate 因v. to remove (something) completely

/i' 氓d1,ke1t/ 园根除

prodigal 因adj. characterized by profuse or wasteful expenditure

『prad1gal/ 园奢侈浪费的
因penurious
回 prodigality n. 挥霍
因adj. yielding abundantly
园多产的，大量的

disengage 因v. to release from something that engages or involves

/,drs 面gerd引 园使解脱

rebound 因v. to recover from setback or frustration

／订baund/ 园从挫败中恢复
困v. to bounce back off something after hitting it
园弹回 ....

·._ 102_.:
... .
sophisticated 因adj. having or showing a lot of experience and knowledge about the
/sa 1 frsta, kertrd/ world and about culture, art, literature, etc.
园精于世故的， 老练的
困adj. highly developed and complex
园高度复杂的

conclusive 因adj. putting an end to debate or question especially by reason of

/kan'klus1v/ irrefutability
园终结的， 最终的

enlighten 因v. to give knowledge or understanding to (someone)

/En'lartan/ 园启迪， 开导

methodology 因 n. a set of methods, rules, or ideas that are important in a science or

/'mE.0a'dalad引／ art : a particular procedure or set of procedures
园方法论

tectonic 因adj. relating to construction or building.

/tck'tanrk/ 园建筑的
因 adj. of or relating to changes in the structure of the Earth's surface
园地壳构造的
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

困adj. having a strong and widespread impact

园影呴广泛的

monogamy 因 n. the state or practice of being married to only one person at a time
/ma'nagami/ 园一夫一妻制

pathogen 因 n. a specific causative agent (as a bacterium or virus) of disease

/'p 王 0ad3an/ 园病原体

depict 因v. to describe (someone or something) using words, a story

/di'p1kt/ 园描述

dismissive 因adj. serving to dismiss

/dis 1 m1s1v/ 园轻视的，无视的
圆dismiss v. 不予考虑， 不予理会
................................................
困adj. showing indifference or disregard
园轻蔑的
囡ignore

invertebrate 因adj. lacking in strength or vitality

/In泗rtabnt/ 园软弱无力的 •
困·;;_ an animal, such as an insect or a mollusk, that lacks a backbone or
spinal column
园无脊椎动物
. ...

·._ 104_.:
... .
 as a school)
园强制隔离

propound 因v. to offer for discussion or consideration

/pra'paund/ 园提出…供考虑

adulterate 因v. to make (something, such as a food or drink) impure or weaker by

闷dAltar,e1t/ adding something of poor quality
园掺假

expository 因adj. used to describe writing that is done to explain something

/Ek 1 spaza,tJri/ 园解释的， 阐释的

anemia 因 n. lack of vitality

/a'nimia/ 园缺乏活力

excavate 因v. to uncover (something) by digging away and removing the earth that
压kska,ve1t/ covers it
园开凿， 挖出

acerbic 因adj. expressing harsh or sharp criticism in a clever way

/a 1 s3rb1k/ 园（语言）辛辣尖刻的
囡mordant, caustic
因sweet

resurgence 因n. a growth or increase that occurs after a period without growth or
increase
园复苏

colloquial 因adj. using conversational style

/ ka 1 loukwial/ 园口头的， 非正式的

interjection 因n. the act of uttering exclamations

/ ,rntar'd3ckJan/ 园插话

hoodwink 因v. to deceive or trick (someone)

/'hud,wrrJk/ 园欺骗

analogous 因adj. similar in some way

闷n 刮 agas/ 园相似的
囡comparable

latent 因adj. present but not visible or active

/'lertant/ 园潜藏的， 潜在的

boycott 因v. to refuse to buy, use, or participate in (something) as a way of

/ 1bJ1,kat/ protesting
园抵制
. ...

·._ 106_.:
... .
 园支持者

forerunner 因n. someone or something that comes before another

『br,rAnar/ 园先驱
囡precursor
因n. a sign of something that is going to happen
园预兆

clutch 因v. to hold onto (someone or something) tightly with your hand
/klAtf/ 园抓住

straggle 因v. to wander from the direct course or way

/'str 王 gal/ 园迷路
因 v. to move away or spread out from others in a disorganized way
园散乱

rhetorical 因adj. of, relating to, or concerned with the art of speaking or writing
/n't:>nkal/ formally and effectively especially as a way to persuade or influence
people
园有说服力的

equilibrium 困 n. a state in which opposing forces or actions are balanced so that one
/,ikwr'lrbriam / 1s not stronger or greater than the other
园平衡

quintessential 因adj. of, relating to, or having the nature of a quintessence; being the
/,kwrntr's£nfal/ most typical
园精华的， 典型的

regimen 因n. governmental rule or control

/'庄d3aman/ 园统治， 政府统治

objective 因adj. dealing with facts without allowing personal feelings to confuse
/ab'd3cktrv/ them
园客观的
囡fair

postulate 因v. to suggest (something, such as an idea or theory) especially in order

j'pastfa,le1t/ to start a discussion
园假设， 假定
因deny as false

onset 因n. the beginning of something

/'an,sc:t/ 园开始

impinge 因v. to strike or dash especially with a sharp collision

/1m 1 p1nd引 园猛烈撞击
. ...

·._ 108_.:
... .
 D
reckless 因adj. not showing proper concern about the possible bad results of your
/ 1rckl1s/ actions
园粗心的， 鲁莽的

unsparing 因adj. not merciful or forbearing

从n 1 sp 盯Ir]/ 园无情的， 苛求的
困adj. not frugal
国不节俭的

belligerent 因adj. angry and aggressive

/ ba'l1d3arant/ 园好斗的
囡pugnacious

taciturn 因adj. tending to be quiet

/'t 王 sa,t3rn/ 园沉默寡言的
囡terse, curt, laconic
固taciturnity n. 沉默寡言

penitential 因adj. relating to the feeling of being sorry for doing something wrong
/ ,p£n1 1 t£nfal/ 四后悔的， 忏悔的
囡contrite

frivolous 因adj. of little weight or importance

『frrvalas/ 国无关紧要的
固frivolity n. 轻浮
困adj. silly and not serious
国不严肃的， 轻率的

plead 因 v. to argue a case or cause in a court of law

/p lid/ 园辩护

orthodox 因adj. accepted as true or correct by most people

心r0a,daks/ 园主流的
困adj. accepting and closely following the traditional beliefs and customs
of a religion
园符合传统的

allege 因 v. to assert without proof or before proving

闷1£d引 园断言， 宣称

. ...

·._ 110 ..:

... .
 因invigorating, stimulant

disseminate 因v. to cause (something, such as information) to go to many people

/d1 1 sE.ma,ne1t/ 园传播， 散布
囡transmit
因garner

lure 因v. to cause or persuade (a person or an animal) to go somewhere or to

/lur/ do something by offering some pleasure or gain
园诱惑
因repel

banish 因v. to send away

/'b�n1J/ 园驱逐
囡expel, oust

degrade 因v. to treat (someone or something) poorly and without respect

/di 1 gre1d/ 园贬低
因v. to make the quality of (something) worse
园退化

skittish 因adj. tending to change often; not dependable or stable

/'sk1t1J/ 园多变的
困adj. easily frightened or excited
园易受惊吓的， 易激动的
囡restive, fractious

tranquil 因adj. free from commot1on or disturbance

/'tr王 l)kwal/ 园安静的
因commotion, ferment
困adj. free from anxiety, tension, or restlessness
园心神安宁的

seemly 因adj. good-looking and handsome

/'simli/ 园好看的
因adj. conventionally proper
园得体的

unkempt 因adj. not neat or orderly

从n 1 kEmpt/ 园不整洁的， 迅遏的

decorous 因adj. correct and polite in a particular situation

t 中karas/ 园得体的
圆decorum n. 礼仪， 礼貌

tawdry 因adj. cheap and gaudy in appearance or quality

『tJdri/ 园俗气的 ....

·._ 112 ..:

... .
pastoral 因adj. of or relating to the countryside or to the lives of people who live in
/'p�staral/ the country
园乡间生活的
囡bucolic

hard-nosed 因adj. being tough, stubborn, or uncompromising

/'hard,nouzd/ 园顽强的
困adj. concerned with or involving practical considerations
园精明而讲究实际的

petty 因adj. not very important or serious

/'pEti/ 园不重要的

opportunistic 因adj. taking advantage of opportunities as they arise

/,apartu'n1stik/ 园机会主义的， 投机的

menace 因v. to threaten harm to (someone or something)

『mc.nas/ 园威胁

painstaking 因adj. diligent care and effort

/'pernz,terkrrJ / 园勤奋努力的
囡meticulous

humanitarian 因adj. relating to or characteristic of people who work to improve the

/hju,m�na'tuian/ lives and living conditions of other people
园人道的， 博爱的

predispose 因v. to make susceptible

/,prid 氐 pouz/ 园使…．易受感染

eminent 因adj. successful, well-known and respected

fEmanant/ 园杰出的

declamator y 因adj. expressing feelings or opinions in a way that is loud and forceful
/di'k 居 ma,t:>ri/ 园演说般的， 慷慨激昂的

ascetic 因adj. relating to or having a strict and simple way of living that avoids
/a'sctrk/ physical pleasure
园生活朴素的
因libertine

safeguard 因v. to make (someone or something) safe or secure

/se让gard/ 园保护
囡preserving

sinister 因adj. having an evil appearance

j's1n1star/ 园邪恶的

. ...

·._ 114 ..:

... .
/skJrn/ 园鄙视， 嘲笑

acquisitive 因adj. having a strong desire to own or acquire more things

/a1 kw1zat1v/ 园贪婪的

clangorous 因adj. having a loud resonant metallic sound

/'kl 王 l)aras/ 园叮当呴的， 呴亮的

rejuvenate 因adj. to give new strength or energy to

/rr'd3uva,nert/ 园使…重新有活力

obsess 因 v. to think and talk about someone or something too much

/ab'sE.s/ 园沉迷于…

canonical 因adj. of or relating to the group of books, plays, poems, etc., that are
/ka 1 nan1kal/ traditionally considered to be very important
园（书籍等在某个领域）经典之作的
回canonize v. 奉为经典， 推崇

undo 因 v. to stop the effect of

从n 1 du/ 园撒销

obsolete 因adj. no longer used because something newer exists

I ,absa'lit/ 园过时的
囡outmoded, fusty

quotidian 因adj. everyday; commonplace

/kwou 1 tidian/ 园普通的， 日常的
囡workday
因!- �xtraordinary, unusual
因 adj. occurring every day
园日常的

pathetic 因adj. causing feelings of sadness and sympathy

1
/pa 0 平 k/ 园可怜的
困adj. pitifully inferior or inadequate
园差劲的， 不足的

bathetic 因adj. marked by exceptional commonplaceness

/ba 1 8c.t1k/ 园陈腐的

veracious 因adj. marked by truth

/va're1Jas/ 园真实的
囡truth
图veracity n. 真实

. ...

·._ 116 ..:

... .
 园嵌入
因excise

render 因 v. to cause to become; make

／飞ndar/ 园使成为…

因 v. to produce a copy or version of; reproduce

园裁缝

alter 因 v. to change (something)

／引tar/ 国改变

penchant 因 n. a strong liking for something or a strong tendency to behave in a

『pE.ntJant/ certain way
国倾向
因 dislike

tailor 因 v. to make or change (something) so that it meets a special need or

/'te1lar/ purpose
园修改
. ......................................................................................................
因 n. one that makes, repairs, and alters garments such as suits, coats,
and dresses
园裁缝

homogeneous 因adj. made up of the same kind of people or things

/,houmou 1 d3inias/ 国同种的， 相似的
囡uniform, unvaried, resemblance
因 disparate

immense 因adj. very great in size or amount

厅mEns/ 园巨大的
囡colossal

kindred 因adj. closely related or similar

/'krndrrd/ 园相关的， 相似的
囡affiliated

affiliate 因 v. to closely connect (something or yourself) with or to something (such

闷frli,ert/ as a program or organization) as a member or partner
园附属
囡kindred

run-of-the-mill 因adj. average or ordinary

『rAnavba'mrl/ 国平凡的

refuge 因 n. a place that provides shelter or protection

/'rcfjud引 园避难所

. ...

·._ 118 ..:

... .
 D
incense 困v. to arouse the extreme anger or indignation of
/In 衮 ns/ 园激怒

mortify 因v. to cause (someone) to feel very embarrassed and foolish

/'m)rta,fa1/ 园使…尴尬

heterodox 因adj. not agreeing with established beliefs or standards

/'hctarou,daks/ 园异端邪说的， 非主流观点的
囡iconoclastic

doctrinaire 因adj. used to describe a person who has very strong beliefs about what
/,daktn'nu/ should be done and will not change them or accept other people's
opinions
园空谈理论的， 教条的
因 n. one who attempts to put into effect an abstract doctrine or theory
with little or no regard for practical difficulties
园教条主义者（不顾实际而 一 味坚持某 一 经验或理论的人）

sporadic 因adj. occurring occasionally, singly, or in irregular or random instances

/spa' 氓 d1k/ 园不规律的， 偶发的， 随机的

dictate 因v. to control or command

『中k,te1t/ 园掌控， 支配

buoyant 因adj. happy and confident

/'bJ1ant/ 园愉悦的
因adj. able to float or able to cause things to float
园漂浮的， 可浮起来的

premonitory 因adj. giving warning

/,prcma'n1Jan / 园警告的

abreast 因adv/adj. side by side

/a'brcst/ 园平行地（的）

困adv/adj. up to date with

园与时俱进地（的）

obstinate 因adj. refusing to change your behavior or your ideas

/'abstanat/ 园固执的
因tractable

redeem 因v. to atone for

. ...

·._ 120_.:
... .
obnoxious 因adj. odiously or disgustingly objectionable
/ab'nakJas/ 园极其令人反感的

laborious 因adj. requiring a lot of time and effort

／厄bJrias/ 园费力的
因adj. devoted to labor
园勤奋的

rhapsody 因n. a written or spoken expression of great enthusiasm, praise, etc.

trcepsadi/ 园慷慨激昂的说辞

stanch 因v. to stop or check in its course

/stantfI 园阻止
因 v. to stop blood from flowing
园止血

divert 因v. to distract

/da'v3rt/ 园分散， 转移（注意力， 精神）

困v. to give pleasure to especially by distracting the attention from what

burdens or distresses
园通过转移注意力使人愉悦
圆diverting adj. 有趣的

bungle 因v. to not do (something) well or successfully

/'bAl)gal / 园搞砸

pendulum 因n. something (as a state of affairs) that alternates between opposites
『pEndjulam/ 园（局势）摇摆不定

fixate 因v. to give all of your attention to something

/'fik,se1t/ 园注视， 全神贯注

aghast 因adj. shocked and upset

闷g王 st/ 园令人震惊的

obdurate 因adj. stubbornly persistent in wrongdoing

j'abdunt/ 园固执的
囡intransigence
因flexible, complaisant

foresight 因n. the ability to see what will or might happen in the future
/'br,sart/ 园远见

glamorous 因adj. very exciting and attractive

/'g 居 maras/ 园有吸引力的

. ...

·._ 122_.:
... .
gawky 因adj. awkward and clumsy
『gJki/ 园笨拙的

virulent 因adj. extremely dangerous and deadly and usually spreading very
j'vrrj uI ant/ quickly
园有害的， 有毒的
困adj. full of malice
园恶毒的

malignant 因adj. tending to produce death or deterioration

/ma 1 l1gnant/ 园有害的
因adj. passionately and relentlessly malevolent
园恶毒的

benign 因adj. not causing harm or damage

/br'narn/ 园无害的
困adj. showing kindness and gentleness
园温和的， 善良的

abridge 因 v. to shorten by leaving out some parts

闷 bn 屯 I 园缩短
囡synoptic

lurid 因adj. causing shock or disgust

/'lurrd/ 园令人震惊的， 耸人听闻的
囡sensational

copious 因adj. very large in amount or number

/'koupias/ 园大量的

negligent 因adj. failing to take proper or normal care of something or someone

『nc.glad3ant/ 园疏忽大意的
囡lax

sartorial 因adj. of or relating to a tailor or tailored clothes

/ sar 1 tJrial / 园与衣服相关的

supersede 因 v. to take the place of (someone or something that is old, no longer

/ ,supar'sid/ useful, etc.)
园淘汰， 取代
囡preempt

thrill 因 v. to cause (someone) to feel very excited or happy

/0nl/ 园使…兴奋

. ...

·._ 124_.:
... .
/d1 1grEs/ subject being discussed
园偏题， 跑题

entrench 因 v. to establish firmly or solidly

/£n 1 tr£ntJ/ 园牢固地确立
回entrenched adj. 根深蒂固的

prowess 因n. great ability or skill

j'praurs/ 园（超凡的）技巧， 能力

secular 因adj. of or relating to the physical world and not the spiritual world
／衮kjalar/ 园世俗的
困adj. not religious
园非宗教的

ecstatic 因adj. very happy or excited

压k'st 王 Uk/ 园特别高兴的
囡euphoric

euphoria 因n. a feeling of great happiness and excitement

/ju'bria/ 园特别高兴
囡ecstasy
圆euphoric adj. 特别高兴的

disgruntle 因 v. to make ill-humored or discontented

/d1s 1grAntal/ 园使…不高兴
回crestfallen

gracious 因adj. very polite in a way that shows respect

『grerfas/ 园有礼貌的
.....................
困adj. graceful
园优雅的

humdrum 因adj. not interesting or dull

/'h/\m,drAm/ 园无聊的， 千扁一律的
囡dull

polarize 因 v. to break up into opposing factions or groupings

j'poula,rarz/ 园使…两极化

hand-wringing 因n. an overwrought expression of concern or guilt

/'h 王 nd,nr)IrJ / 园焦虑的、 绝望的言谈举止

prime 因 v. to make (someone) ready to do something

/prarm/ 园使…准备好
困adj. most important

. ...

·._ 126_.:
... .
 园（在精神上）折磨

blight 因v. to impair the quality or effect of

/bla1t/ 园破坏

pristine 因adj. belonging to the earliest period or state

『prrs1 tin/ 园原始的
因corrupted by civilization
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

困adj. not spoiled, corrupted, or polluted and left in its natural state
园未被破坏的
回undisturbed

apposite 因adj. highly pertinent or appropriate

／氐paz如 园合适的， 相关的
囡fitting
因irrelevant

germane 因adj. relating to a subject in an appropriate way

/d3矿 me1n/ 园相关的
囡relevant

fitful adj. not regular or steady

『frtfal/ 园不规律的， 一阵阵的

imperturbable 因adj. very calm

/,rmpar't3rbabal/ 园镇定的， 冷静的

exigent 因adj. requiring immediate attention

压ksad3ant/ 园紧急的
囡pressing
因deferrable

surrogate 因v. to appoint as successor, deputy, or substitute for oneself

f s3rag1t/ 园代理

erstwhile 因adv. in the past

闷rst,hwarl/ 园过去地
囡onetime

onetime 因adj. having been someone or something specified in the past

『wAn,ta1m/ 园过去的， 之前的

florid 因adj. elaborately decorated

/'fl:>rrd/ 园过分修饰的， 花哨的
因 adj. having a red or reddish color
园红润的

....

·._ 128_.:
... .
 D
narcissism 困 n. egoism, egocentrism
『narsa,s1zam/ 国自恋
囡self-flattery

omniscient 困adj. knowing everything

/am 1 nrfant/ 国元所不知的

interminable 因adj. continuing for a very long time

/1n't3rm1nabal/ 园持续的， 没完没了的

posture 因 n. state or condition at a given time especially with respect to capability

I pastfar I in particular circumstances
国态度， 立场
困 v. to assume an artificial or pretended attitude
园装腔作势
因behave naturally

substantiate 因v. to prove the truth of (something)

/sab'stcenJi,ert/ 园证明
因 disprove

snare 因 n. a position or situation from which it is difficult to escape

/snu/ 园陷阱
． ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

因 v. to cause (something) to become caught in something

四捕捉

forestall 困v. to stop (something) from happening

/f了 St)I/ 国 阻止
囡avert, prevent
因precipitate

beholden 困adj. being under obligation for a favor or gift

j 阮 houldan/ 四亏欠的

indebted 困adj. owing gratitude or recognition to another

/1n 1 dct1d/ 国感激的

impute 因v. to say or suggest that someone or something has or is guilty of

/1m'pjut/ (something)
国归罪于， 归咎于

. ...

·._ 130_.:
... .
 囡fertile
因 adj. liberal in bestowing gifts or favors
园慷慨的

clearheaded 因adj. having or showing an ability to think clearly

/'klir'h 釭h d/ 园思路清晰的

interweave 因 v. to mix or blend together

/ ,rntar'wiv/ 园混合

impolitic 因adj. unwise

/1m 1 pala,t1k/ 园不明智的
囡tactless

feeble 因adj. very weak

/'fibal/ 园衰弱， 虚弱
回enfeeble v. 使衰弱

prerogative 因n. a right or privilege

/ pri'ragatrv/ 园特权

vigilant 因adj. carefully noticing problems or signs of danger

/'vrd3alant/ 园警惕的

clumsy 因adj. lacking dexterity, nimbleness, or grace

/'klAmzi/ 园笨拙的

fringe 因n. something that is marginal, additional, or secondary to some activity,

/fnnd引 process, or subject
园次要的， 边缘的， 不重要的
囡marginal, peripheral
因center

denigrate 因 v. to attack the reputation of

/'de:na,gre1t/ 园攻击， 贬损

implore 因 v. to ask or beg for (something) in a very serious or emotional way

/1m 1 pbr/ 园恳求， 哀求

supplicate 因 v. to make a humble entreaty

/'sApla,kert/ 园恳求
囡entreaty

willful 因adj. refusing to change your ideas or opinions or to stop doing

『w1lfal/ something

. ...

·._ 132_.:
... .
aberrant 因adj. deviating from the usual or natural type
／氐barant/ 园不正常的
囡anomalous

doom 因v. to make certain the failure or destruction of

/dum/ 园注定（失败）

困v. to condemn to ruination or death

园使毁灭

slender 因adj. limited or inadequate in amount or scope

j'slEndar/ 园缺少的， 不足的
因adj. thin, very narrow or not wide
园窄的， 瘦的

garner 因v. to collect or gather (something)

『garnar/ 园收集
...............................
困v. to acquire by effort
园通过努力获得…

recruit 因v. to find suitable people and get them to join a company, an
/n'krut/ organization, the armed forces, etc.
园招募

provision 因n. something that is done in advance to prepare for something else
/pra'v13an/ 园预备， 预先采取的措施
因n. the act or process of supplying or providing something
园提供， 供应

prompt 因v. to serve as the inciting cause of

/prampt/ 园促进， 激起
.....................................................
困adj. of or relating to prompting actors
园敏捷的， 迅速的

assail 因v. to attack or criticize (someone or something) in a violent or angry

/a'serl/ way
园批评， 攻击

endow 因v. to freely or naturally provide (someone or something) with something

/£n'dau/ 园赋予
因v. to give a large amount of money to a school, hospital, etc., in order
to pay for the creation or continuing support of (something)
园捐赠

. ...

·._ 134_.:
... .
entrust 因 v. to give someone the responsibility of doing something or of caring
/ En'trAst/ for someone or something
园委托， 托付

alliance 因 n. the state of being joined in some activity or effort

/a'larans/ 园联盟， 联合

periodical 因adj. happening regularly over a period of time

/,p 订i'adrkal/ 国周期的

spacious 因adj. having a large amount of space

j'sperJas/ 园宽敞的

eligible 因adj. able to be chosen for something

店l1d3abal/ 园合格的

strenuous 因adj. requiring or showing great energy and effort

『strc:njuas/ 园费力的
困adj. vigorously active
园活跃的
囡vigorous

adjacent 因adj. close or near

闷d 乔 rsant/ 园相邻的

wrench 因 v. to move with a violent twist

/rEntJ/ 园猛扭
因 v. to distort
园歪曲， 曲解

confiscate 因 v. appropriated by the government

/'kanfrs,kert/ 园没收

ferocious 因adj. very fierce or violent

/fa 1 roufas/ 园凶猛的， 残忍的
因adj. very great or extreme
园十分强烈的

velocity 因n. quickness of motion

/va'lasati/ 园速度， 迅速

consign 因 v. to give, transfer, or deliver into the hands or control of another

/kan'sarn/ 园委托， 转交

grapple 因 v. to seize with or as if with a grapple

....

·._ 136_.:
... .
fatal 因adj. causing death
/'fertal/ 园致命的

dwell 因v. to live in a particular place

/dwcl/ 园居住
因 v. to speak or write insistently
园持续地谈论

comprise 因v. to be made up of (something)

/kam 1 prarz/ 园构成

困v. to include; contain

园包含

vicinity 因n. the area around or near a particular place

/va'srnati/ 园周边环境
因 n. the quality or sate of being near
园（距离）近

tentative 因adj. not fully worked out, concluded, or agreed on; provisional
/'tcntatrv/ 园试探性的， 临时的
困adj. hesitant and uncertain
园犹豫的， 不确定的

pillage 因v. to plunder ruthlessly

j'prlrd引 园掠夺

pinnacle 因n. the highest point of development or achievement

j'prnakal/ 园顶点

ailment 因n. a sickness or illness

j'e1lmant/ 园疾病
囡illness

apprentice 因n. an inexperienced person

闷prentrs/ 园新手

困n. a person who learns a job or skill by working for a fixed period of
time for someone who is very good at that job or skill
园学徒

preoccupied 因adj. thinking about something a lot or too much

/pri 1 akju,pa1d/ 园专注的

exhale 因v. to breathe out

压ks'he1I/ 园呼出

. ...

·._ 138_.:
... .
 D
shallow 因adj. having little depth
tf刮 OU/ 园肤浅的
因profound

deflect 因v. to cause (something that is moving) to change direction

/di 1 flEkt/ 园使…偏离， 改变方向
困v. to keep (something, such as a question) from affecting or being
directed at a person or thing
园使不受到…的影响
囡shrug off

finesse 因n. skillful handling of a situation

/fa'nEs I 园技巧高超
因heavy-handedness

因v. evade or skirt

园躲避
因v. to handle, deal with, or do (something) in an indirect and skillful or
clever way
园巧妙地处理

belated 因adj. happening or coming very late or too late

/ bi'lertrd/ 园晚的， 迟的

sheer 因adj. complete and total

If订／ 园完全的
因adj. marked by great and continuous steepness
园陡峭的， 几乎垂直的

levity 因n. a lack of seriousness

fl£v1ti/ 园不严肃， 轻浮
因gravity

insidious 因adj. causing harm in a way that is gradual or not easily noticed
/In 百 dias/ 园阴险的， 暗中为害的

amass 因v. to come together

/a 1 m 王 sf 园积聚， 积累
囡glean

. ...

·._ 140_.:
... .
subsist 因v. to exist or continue to exist
/sab's1st/ 园维持生存， 生存下去

suffrage 因n. the right to vote in an election

/'sAfrrd引 园选举权

patron 因n. a person who gives money and support to an artist, organization,
『pertran/ etc.
园赞助人

exile 因n. a situation in which you are forced to leave your country or home
店k,sa1I/ and go to live in a foreign country
园流放， 放逐
因v. to banish or expel from one's own country or home
园流放， 放逐

inhospitable 因adj. not generous and friendly to guests or visitors

／面hasp1tabal / 园不友好的

困adj. having an environment where plants, animals, or people cannot

live or grow easily
园贫痔的， 荒凉的

oblique 因adj. not straightforward

/ou'blik/ 园间接的
因 adj. having no right angle
园倾针的

bequeath 因v. to give or leave by will (used especially of personal property)

/bi'kwio/ 园遗赠
困v. to hand down
园留下， 传下
圆bequest n. 遗产

retention 因n. the act of keeping someone or something

/n'tE.nfan/ 园保留

ramify 因v. to split up into branches or constituent parts

/'氓ma/a1/ 园使分叉

prescribe 因v. to lay down as a rule or guide; enjoin

/pri'skra1b/ 园规定

deprive 因v. to take something away from

/di'prarv/ 园使丧失， 剥夺

necessitate 因v. to make (something) necessary

. ...

·._ 142_.:
... .
/'tAtJ,stoun/ things
园检验标准

purveyor 因n. a person or business that sells or provides something

/ par've1ar/ 园供应商
回purvey v. purveyance n.

parody 因n. a literary or musical work in which the style of an author or work is
/'p 王 radi/ closely imitated for comic effect or in ridicule
园拙劣的模仿

decimate 因 v. to destroy a large number of (plants, animals, people, etc.)

『dEsa,meit/ 园（严重地）破坏

decipher 因 v. to find the meaning of (something that is difficult to read or

/di'sa1far/ understand)
园解释， 破译

amenable 因adj. willing to agree or to accept something that is wanted or asked for
/a'minabal/ 园愿意的， 服从的
因recaI citrant

siphon 因 v. to take and use (something, such as money) for your own purpose
j'sarfan/ 园抽走（资金， 资源）

annotate 因 v. to add notes or comments to (a text, book, drawing, etc.)

／氐na,te1t/ 园注释

procure 因 v. to get (something) by some action or effort

/ prou'kjur/ 园获得

hiatus 因n. a period of time when something (such as an activity or program) is

/ha丘Itas/ stopped
园间歇

cantankerous 因adj. often angry and annoyed

/k�n't 王 t)karas/ 园易怒的

escalate 因 v. to become worse or to make (something) worse or more severe

店ska,leit/ 园加剧， 恶化
困 v. to become greater or higher or to make (something) greater or
higher
园升高， 提升

bombard 因 v. to hit or attack (something or someone) constantly or repeatedly

/bam'bard/ 园（如炸弹般）攻击（人或事物）

. ...

·._ 144_.:
... .
debonair 因adj. suave; urbane
/,dEba'nu/ 园彬彬有礼的

困adj. carefree and gay; jaunty

国欢乐的， 无忧无虑的

infuriate 因v. to make (someone) very angry

/1n'fjuri,e1t/ 国使…愤怒

crestfallen 因adj. very sad and disappointed

/'krEstJJlan/ 园沮丧的
囡disgruntle

wistful 因adj. full of yearning or desire tinged with melancholy

/'wrstfal/ 园渴望的，思念过去的

concur 因v. to express agreement

/kan 1 厄r/ 国同意
因dissent, gainsay
. ..................................
因v. to happen together
国同时发生

boast 因v. speak vaingloriously

/boust/ 国吹嘘
. .............................
困v. have or contain
国拥有

extrapolate 因v. to form an opinion or to make an estimate about something from

/Ek'str 王 pa,lert/ known facts
国（依据已知信息）推测

resemble 因v. to be like or similar to

/n'zc:mbal/ 园与…相似
囡homogeneity
圆resemblance n. 相似

ordain 因v. to order by virtue of superior authority; decree or enact

／寸dern/ 国命令
............................................................'
因 v. to prearrange unalterably; predestine
园注定

mirth 因 n. happiness and laughter

/m3r9/ 国欢乐

jovial 因adj. full of happiness and joy

. ...

·._ 146_.:
... .
anodyne 因adj. not likely to offend or upset anyone
／氐nou 1 da1n/ 园不惹人厌烦的
囡benign

困adj. serving to alleviate pain

园缓解疼痛的

credulous 因adj. too ready to believe things

/'krEd3ulas/ 园易受欺骗的
囡trusting
圆credulity n. 轻信

asunder 因adj. into parts

/a'sAndar/ 园分裂的
因linked

petulant 因adj. insolent or rude in speech or behavior

『pEtJalant/ 园（说话， 行为）粗鲁无礼的
圆petulance n. 易怒， 生气
困adj. having or showing the attitude of people who become angry and
annoyed when they do not get what they want
园易怒的， 脾气坏的

winnow 因v. to narrow or reduce

『wrnou/ 园筛选

yearn 因v. to feel a strong desire or wish for something or to do something

/j3rn/ 园强烈渴望

indulgent 因adj. willing to allow someone to have or enjoy something even though
／面dAld3ant/ it may not be proper, healthy, appropriate, etc.
园纵容的
因 adj. done or enjoyed as a special pleasure
园享乐的

preside 因v. to be in charge of something (such as a trial)

/pri'za1d/ 园主持， 负责

meretricious 因adj. attractive in a cheap or false way

/ ,mua'trrJas/ 园俗里俗气的

burgeon 因v. to grow or develop quickly

/'妇rd3an/ 园繁荣， 快速增长
囡expansion, flourish
因subside, wither

. ...

·._ 148_.:
... .
 D
snub 因v. to ignore (someone) in a deliberate and insulting way
/snAb/ 国怠慢， 不理睬
囡slight

underplay 因v. to make (something) seem less important than it actually is

/,Andar'ple1/ 国轻描淡写， 低估

obliterate 困v. to destroy (something) completely so that nothing is left

闷blrtar 1 ert/ 国抹去， 使…消失

seethe 因v. to suffer violent internal excitement

/sic/ 园强压怒火， 生闷气
.........................................................'
因 v. to move constantly and without order
园攒动

morph 因v. to change the form or character of

/ mJrf/ 四变形

subservient 困adj. very willing or too willing to obey someone else

/sab豆rviant/ 国服服帖帖的， 奉承的

obtuse 因adj. stupid or unintelligent

I ab'tus I 园愚钝的， 笨的
.........................................
因 adj. difficult to comprehend
园难懂的

trenchant 因adj. caustic

『trE.ntfant/ 四尖酸刻薄的
. ....................
因adj. sharply perceptive
国犀利的， 一针见血的
囡profound

instigate 困v. to cause (something) to happen or begin

『rnsta,gert/ 国激起， 挑起
囡abet

fusty 困adj. very old-fashioned

/'fASti/ 国过时的
回 �．bsolete outmoded
． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ,． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ．
困adj. full of dust and unpleasant smells

. ...

·._ 150_.:
... .
maelstrom 因n. a powerful often violent whirlpool sucking in objects within a given
/'me1lstram/ radius
园混乱， 动乱

captious 因adj. marked by an often ill-natured inclination to stress faults and raise
/'kcepJas/ objections
园挑刺的， 吹毛求疵的

vulgar 因adj. not having or showing good manners, good taste, or politeness
/'vAlgar/ 园粗俗的
因adj. relating to the common people or the speech of common people
园普通大众的

fealty 因n. loyalty to a person, group, etc.

/'fialti / 园忠诚

bristle 因v. to become angry

/'brrsal/ 园生气， 愤怒

await 因v. to wait for (someone or something)

/a 1 wert/ 园等待

languish 因v. to continue for a long time without activity or progress in an

/'I 知 l)gw1J/ unpleasant or unwanted situation
园衰落， 不活跃

nugatory 因adj. of little or no consequence

j'nuga,t:>ri / 园不重要的
因 consequential

inept 因adj. generally incompetent

/In 1 £pt/ 园无能的
因adj. not suited to the occasion
园不恰当的， 不合适的

spartan 因adj. marked by simplicity, frugality, or avoidance of luxury and comfort

『spartan/ 园简朴的

ancillary 因adj. providing something additional to a main part or function

／氐nsa 1 lui/ 园辅助的
囡supplementary

sequester 因v. to keep (a person or group) apart from other people

/s11kwf.star/ 园分离， 隔离

hasty 因adj. done or made very quickly or too quickly

/ hersti / 园快速的，仓促的
. ...

·._ 152_.:
... .
 因curb

surfeit 因n. an amount that is too much or more than you need
j's3rfit/ 园过量
囡glut, plethora

transitory 因adj. lasting only for a short time

/' tr�nsa,tJn / 园短暂的
囡ephemeral

prolix 因adj. using too many words

/prou'l1ks/ 园冗长的
囡verbose, long-winded
因brief
图prolixity n. 嘐嗦

exactitude 因n. the quality or state of being accurate and correct

压g•z�kta,tud/ 园准确

chastise 因 v. to criticize (someone) harshly for doing something wrong

/tJ�s 1 ta1z/ 园谴责
囡castigate

protract 因 v. to prolong in time or space

/prou'tr 王 kt/ 园延长

stymie 因 v. to present an obstacle to

/'sta1mi/ 园阻碍
因foster

seminal 因adj. very important and influential

/'scmanal/ 园非常有影响力的

authoritarian 因adj. expecting or requiring people to obey rules or laws

/a, 的 ra'tuian/ 园专制的

leap 因 v. to pass abruptly from one state or topic to another

/lip/ 园（话题、 言论）跳跃
因 v. to jump from a surface
园跳跃

tepid 因adj. not energetic or excited

/'tcprd/ 园冷淡的， 不热情的

malodor 因n. an offensive odor

/m 刮 'oudar/ 园恶臭
囡noisome

. ...

·._ 154_.:
... .
 困adj. relating to or characterized by occultism or abstruseness
园难懂的
因comprehensible

困adj. recluse or solitary

园退隐的， 孤寂的

encapsulate 因 v. to show or express the main idea or quality of (something) in a brief

/£n 1 kcepsa,le1t/ way
园简要概括
因 V. to enclose 1n or as if in a capsule
园（如胶囊一样）封装

interdisciplinary 因adj. involving two or more disciplines

/,rntar'drsaplr,nui / 园交叉学科的

impunity 因n. freedom from punishment, harm, or loss

/1m 1 pjun1ti/ 园免于处罚， 免罪

reprisal 因n. a retaliatory act

/n'pra1zal/ 园报复

myopic 因adj. a lack of foresight or discernment

园缺乏远见的
回myopia n. 近视

tarnish 因 v. to damage or ruin the good quality of

/'tarn1f/ 园站污

sublime 因 v. to render sublime

/sa'bla1m/ 园超群出众
困 ·n. something sublime
园崇高
困adj. characterized by nobility; majestic
园令人崇敬的
因adj. not to be excelled; supreme
园卓越的， 出众的

remonstrate 因 v. to present and urge reasons in opposition

/rr'man,strert/ 园反对， 抗议

commiserate 因 v. to express sadness or sympathy for someone who has experienced

/ ka1 mrzar,ert/ something unpleasant
园哀悼， 同情

expostulate 因 v. to disagree with something or argue against it

. ...

·._ 156_.:
... .
/kan'frAnt/ way
园反抗
因 v. to meet face-to-face
园面对

． ．
minutia 因n. a minute or minor detail
园细节， 小事

commensurable 因adj. commensurate; proportionate

/ka血nJurabal/ 园相称的， 成比例的
困adj. measurable by a common standard
园可用共同标准测量的

discriminatory 因adj. not fair

/dr1 s krrmana,t)ri / 园不公平的， 歧视的

sabotage 因 v. to cause the failure of something deliberately

/'s�ba,ta引 园故意破坏

commend 因 v. to praise (someone or something) in a serious and often public way

/ka1 mc:nd/ 园赞美

gossamer 因adj. extremely light, delicate, or tenuous

『gasamar/ 园轻而薄的， 虚无镖纳的
因ponderous

lenient 因adj. allowing a lot of freedom and not punishing bad behavior in a
/'Ii njant/ strong way
园宽容的
圆leniency n.

rectitude 因n. the quality of being honest and morally correct

／飞kta,tud/ 园正直

. ...

·._ 158_.:
... .
j'str 缸 dant/ 园尖锐的， 刺耳的
因 adj. expressing opinions or criticism in a very forceful and often
annoying or unpleasant way
园（表达意见）令人不悦的

muckrake 因v. to search out and publicly expose real or apparent misconduct of a
『mAk,re1k/ prominent individual or business
园揭露丑闻

proffer 因v. to offer or give (something) to someone

『prafar/ 园提供

revel 因v. to take intense pleasure or satisfaction

I 丘val/ 园陶醉
...............................................
困n. a noisy and wild celebration
园吵闹的狂欢

predicate 因v. to found or base something on

j'prEdr,kert/ 园基于， 取决于
因v. to declare or affirm (something) as true or existing
园断言， 断定

prophylactic 因adj. acting to defend against or prevent something, especially disease;

/,proufa 1 l�kt1k/ protective
园预防性的
囡preventive

因n. a prophylactic agent, device, or measure, such as a vaccine or drug

园预防类物品

pilfer 因v. to steal things that are not very valuable or to steal a small amount
『prlfar/ of something
园盗用
囡appropriation
图pilferage n. 盗窃

constrict 因v. to prevent or keep (something or someone) from developing freely

/ kan'stnkt/ 园限制
囡constrain
困v. to become narrower, smaller, or tighter
园压缩
因 dilate, distend

imbibe 因v. to drink (something)

/1m 1 ba1b/ 园喝
囡quaff
. ...

·._ 160_.:
... .
supple 因adj. readily adaptable or responsive to new situations
tsApal/ 园灵活的
囡flexible

contravene 因 v. to fail to do what is required by (a law or rule)

/,kant 百 vin/ 园违反
回violate

ungainly 因adj. moving in an awkward or clumsy way : not graceful

从n 1 gernli/ 园笨拙的
囡awkward

ludicrous 因adj. amusing or laughable through obvious absurdity, incongruity,

/'lud1kras/ exaggeration, or eccentricity
园滑稽可笑的
囡risible

dispatch 因n. promptness and efficiency in performance or transmission

/d1 1 sp 王tf/ 园迅速
囡celerity
因 leisureliness

handicap 因n. a disadvantage that makes achievement unusually difficult

/'h 王 ndi,k 王 p/ 园障碍
囡hindrance

chimera 因n. something that exists only in the imagination and is not possible in
/ka1'mua/ reality
园幻想
囡illusion

ominous 因adj. suggesting that something bad is going to happen in the future
/'amanas/ 园不吉利的
囡inauspicious

limpid 因adj. marked by transparency: pellucid

/'l1mp1d/ 园清澈透明的
囡pellucid
因turbid

forsake 因 v. to give up or leave (someone or something) entirely

/fJr 1 se1k/ 园放弃
囡neglect

exonerate 因 v. to prove that someone is not guilty of a crime or responsible for a

1
压g zanar,ert/ problem, bad situation, etc.
园免罪， 免责
. ...

·._ 162_.:
... .
 囡concern
因v. foretell, portend
园预示

calamity 因n. an event that causes great harm and suffering

/ka 1 居 mati/ 园大灾难
回disaster, catastrophic
圆calamitous adj. 灾难性的

beget 因v. to cause (something) to happen or exist

/bi'gE.t/ 园导致
囡create

reprehensible 因adj. very bad : deserving very strong criticism

/,rE.prr'hE.nsabal/ 园应受指责的
囡deplorable
回reprehend v. 指责

divest 因v. to deprive or dispossess especially of property, authority, or title

/da 戏 st/ 园剥夺
囡strip

wondrous 因adj. causing wonder or amazement : very beautiful or impressive

/'wAndras/ 园奇异的
囡amazing

recalcitrant 因adj. stubbornly refusing to obey rules or orders

/n'k 刮 srtrant/ 园顽固的
囡headstrong
因submissive, amenable

succinct 因adj. using few words to state or express an idea

/sak's111kt/ 园简洁的
囡concision
圆succinctness n. 简洁的

recrudescent 因adj. break1ng out again : renewing

/ ,rikru 啦 sf 园复发的
回resurgent

frugal 因adj. careful about spending money or using things when you do not
/'frugal/ need to : using money or supplies in a very careful way
园节俭的
囡thrift
回frugality

. ...

·._ 164_.:
... .
myriad 因adj. both numerous and diverse
/'miriad/ 园大量丰富的

expurgate 因 v. to change (a written work) by removing parts that might offend

压kspar,ge1t/ people
园删除（令人反感的内容）

triumvirate 因n. government by three persons or by a coalition of three parties

/tra1 1 Amvant/ 园三足鼎立

indefatigable 因adj. incapable of being fatigued: untiring

/,rndr'fcetrgabal/ 园不知疲倦的

paean 因n. a work that praises or honors its subject

『pian/ 园赞美

hallmark 因n. a distinguishing characteristic, trait, or feature

/'hJl,mark/ 园特征
囡characteristic feature

potent 因adj. having great control or authority

『poutant/ 园有权势的， 有权力的
圆impotent adj. 无力的omnipotent adj. 全能的
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

困adj. possessing inner or physical strength; powerful

园强有力的

lopsided 因adj. uneven or unequal

/'lap,sa1 中 d/ 园不均衡的

subtle 因adj. difficult to understand or perceive

j'sAtal/ 园难以理解的
囡obscure
因adj. highly skillful: expert
园灵巧的， 精湛的
因adj. clever and indirect : not showing your real purpose
园聪明的

adamant 因adj. not willing to change an opinion or decision : very determined

／左damant/ 园固执的

melancholy 因n. a sad mood or feeling

/'mclan,kali/ 园忧伤

unalloyed 因adj. complete; unqualified

从na' 归 d/ 园纯粹的， 完全的

. ...

·._ 166_.:
... .
/'sk王 tar/ 园分散

concise 因adj. using few words : not including extra or unnecessary information
/kan'sa1s/ 园简洁的

oracle 因 n. an authoritative or wise statement or prediction

/'Jrakal/ 园预言

因 n. a person considered to be a source of wise counsel or prophetic

opinions
国先知

extenuate 因 v. to lessen or to try to lessen the seriousness or extent of by making

压k'stEnju, 釭t/ partial excuses : mitigate
国减轻

viable 因adj. capable of being done or used

『varabal/ 园可行的
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

因adj. capable of living or of developing into a living thing

国可以存活的

midst 因 n. the interior or central part or point : middle

/midst/ 国当中

. ...

·._ 168_.:
... .
/ ha1 1 p3rbali/ 园夸张
因understatement
图hyperbolize v. 夸张

trickster 因n. someone who tricks or deceives people especially in order to get
/'tnkstar/ something
园骗子

genteel 因adj. having a quietly appealing or polite quality

/d3cn'til/ 园有教养的， 彬彬有礼的

impassioned 因adj. showing or feeling very strong emotions

/1m 1 p王Jand/ 园充满激情的

deduce 因v. to use logic or reason to form (a conclusion or opinion about

/di'dus/ something) : to decide (something) after thinking about the known facts
园推断

flip 因v. to cause (something) to turn or turn over quickly

/flip/ 园翻动

infinite 因adj. having no limits

『rnfanrt/ 园无限的
因adj. extremely large or great
园极大的

diffident 因adj. lacking confidence : not feeling comfortable around people

/'中fadant/ 园缺乏自信的， 胆怯的

neutralize 因v. to stop (someone or something) from being effective or harmful

『nutra,larz/ 园抵消， 使无效

controvert 因v. to dispute or oppose by reasoning

/'ka ntra,v3rt/ 园争论， 辩论

succumb 因v. to stop trying to resist something

/sa'kAm/ 园屈服
囡yield

fury 因 n. violent anger

/'fjuri/ 园狂怒， 暴怒
回infuriate v. 激怒

severe 因adj. very harsh

/sa'vir/ 园严厉的

conspire 因v. to secretly plan with someone to do something that is harmful or

. ...

·._ 170_.:
... .
/litf/ 园被冲走， 滤去

brackish 因adj. distasteful; unpalatable

/'br 王 k1J/ 园令人恶心的

malodorous 因adj. having a bad smell

『m 刮 1 oudaras/ 园难闻的， 恶臭的

redolent 因adj. having a strong smell : full of a fragrance or odor

/'庄dalant/ 园芬芳的

noisome 因adj. very unpleasant or disgusting

j'n)1sam/ 园有害的， 恶臭的
因fragrant

adjudicate 因 v. to make an official decision about who is right in a dispute

闷屯ud1,ke1t/ 园裁定， 宣判

eschew 因 v. to avoid (something) especially because you do not think it is right,

I Es'tfu I proper, etc.
园避免
因seek

abbreviate 因 v. to make (something) shorter; especially : to reduce (a word or

闷brivi,e1t/ name) to a shorter form
园缩短
因 extend

contingent 因adj. dependent on conditions or occurrences not yet established;

1
/ kan t1nd3ant/ conditional, dependent
园依情况而定的
. .........................................................................
因adj. happening by chance or accident; fortuitous
园偶然的

rote 因 n. the use of memory usually with little intelligence

/rout/ 园死记硬背

dire 因adj. very bad : causing great fear or worry

/da订／ 园可怕的， 严重的

snob 因 n. someone who tends to criticize, reject, or ignore people who come
/snab/ from a lower social class, have less education, etc

－－
国势利小人

ausp1c1ous 因adj. showing or suggesting that future success is likely

/J sp1Jas/ 国吉兆的， 幸运的
囡favorable
. ...

·._ 172_.:
... .
impose 因 v. to force someone to accept (something or yourself}
/1m 1pouz/ 园把……强加于

resume 因 v. to begin again or go on with again after interruption

／订zum/ 园恢复， 继续

stalemate 因n. a drawn contest: deadlock

j'sterl,mert/ 园僵局

insatiable 因adj. always wanting more : not able to be satisfied

/1n'se1Jabal/ 园无法满足的
囡quenchless
回satiate v. 使充分满足

snappish 因adj. feeling or showing irritation

j'sn 王p订I 园厉声说话的， 暴躁的

peccadillo 因n. a small mistake or fault that is not regarded as very bad or serious
/ ,pt:ka'd1lou/ 园小过失

reparation 因n. something that is done or given as a way of correcting a mistake

/,rcpa're1Jan/ that you have made or a bad situation that you have caused
园修理
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

困n. money that a country or group that loses a war pays because of the
damage, injury, deaths, etc., it has caused
园赔偿

inextricable 因adj. impossible to separate : closely joined or related

/1n 1 £kstnkabal/ 园纠缠不清的， 无法解脱的

impregnable 因adj. not able to be captured by attack: very strong

/1m 1prf.gnabal/ 园坚固的

impotent 因adj. lacking power or strength

j'rmpatant/ 园无力的， 无效的

precede 因 v. to happen, go, or come before (something or someone)

/pri'sid/ 园领先， 在……之前
囡predate, antedate

supplant 因 v. to take the place of (someone or something that is old or no longer

/sa'p 居 nt/ used or accepted)
园取代

encounter 因 v. to have or experience (problems, difficulties, etc.)

/En 1 kauntar/ 园遭遇， 遇到

. ...

·.. 174_.:
... .
/'tE.mpar/ 园调和， 使缓和
囡moderate

outdo 因v. to do better than (someone or something) : to be more successful

/,aut'du/ than (someone or something)
四超过， 胜过

abash 因v. to destroy the self-possession or self-confidence of: disconcert

闷 b�fl 园使羞愧， 使困窘

unexceptional 因adj. not unusually good, interesting, etc. : not exceptional

/,A 氓 k 衮 pfanal/ 园普通的

obtrusive 因adj. undesirably noticeablee

/ab'trus1v/ 园显著的， 突兀的

impasse 因 n. a situation in which no progress seems possible

/'rm,pces/ 国僵局

superficial 因adj. presenting only an appearance without substance or significance

/,supar 1 fIJal / 园表面的

困adj. concerned only with the obvious or apparent : shallow

园肤浅的
囡shallow

moderate 因adj. being within reasonable limits; not excessive or extreme

/'madarat/ 四适度的， 有节制的

困v. to lessen the violence, severity, or extremeness of

园使缓和

decode 因v. to find or understand the true or hidden meaning of (something)

/di'koud/ 园破译， 解码

vagary 因n. an extravagant or erratic notion or action; caprice

『vergari/ 国奇想

evangelist 困 n. an enthusiastic advocate

/i'v 王 nd3al1st/ 四狂热支持者

因 v. one who practices evangelism

国福音传教士

pedigree 因n. the origin and history of something especially when it is good or
/'p£dr,gri/ 1mpress1ve
国血统， 门第

. ...

·._ 176_.:
... .
mince 因v. to utter or pronounce with affectation
/m1ns/ 园装腔作势
............................................................
困v. to restrain (words) within the bounds of decorum
园委婉表达

exterminate 因v. to destroy or kill (a group of animals, people, etc.) completely

/£k 1 st3rma,nert/ 园使灭绝， 消除
回terminate v. 使终止

intact 因adj. not broken or damaged : having every part

/1n'tcekt/ 园完整的

belittle 因v. to describe (someone or something) as little or unimportant

/bi 1 l1tal/ 园轻视， 贬低

obstruct 因v. to slow or block the movement, progress, or action of (something or

/ab'strnkt/ someone)
园阻碍， 妨碍

proximity 因n. the state of being near

/prak 1 srmati/ 园距离近

harness 因v. to use (something) for a particular purpose

/'harnrs/ 园利用

spurious 因adj. not genuine, sincere, or authentic

j'spjurias/ 园假的

apocryphal 因adj. well-known but probably not true

闷pakrafal/ 园被人们普遍接受却不正确的， 假的

applaud 因v. to express approval of or support for (something or someone)

闷pbd/ 园赞美， 支持

bifurcate 因v. to cause to divide into two branches or parts

/'barfar,kert/ 园一分为二

cacophony 因n. harsh or discordant sound

/ka'kafani/ 园刺耳的声音， 不和谐的声音
因mellifluous
图cacophonous adj. 刺耳的

catastrophe 因n. a terrible disaster

/ka 1 t 王 strafi/ 园灾难
图catastrophic adj. 灾难性的

. ...

·._ 178_.:
... .
perspicacious 因adj. of acute mental vision or discernment
/,p3rsp1 1ke1Jas/ 园有洞察力的

sleazy 因adj. dishonest or immoral

j'slizi/ 园低俗的， 龋菜的
囡sordid

indemnify 因v. to make compensation to for incurred hurt, loss, or damage

／面dcmn1,fa1/ 园赔偿

eyesore 因n. something offensive to view

j'ar,s)r/ 园碍眼的事物

archive 因v. to file or collect in or as if in an archive

闷r,karv/ 园存档， 保存

xenophobic 因adj. marked by unduly fearful of what si foreign and especially of

/,zEnou'foubik/ people of foreign origin
园排外的， 仇视外国的

ineffable 因adj. too great, powerful, beautiful, etc., to be described or expressed

/In 甘abal/ 园难以言表的

fluid 因adj. characterized by or employing a smooth easy style

/'flurd/ 园流动的
因 adj. available for various uses
园多变的， 不固定的

despotic 因adj. marked by absolute power and authority

/d 纣 patik/ 园独裁的， 专制的

capitulate 因v. to stop fighting an enemy or opponent

/ ka'pitfju,leit/ 园投降

abominate 因v. to feel great hatred for (someone or something)

闷bama,nert/ 园憎恶， 憎恨
因 esteem
图abomination n. 憎恨， 反感

accommodate 因v. to b·nng into agreement or concord

闷kama,dert/ 园调解
因v. to provide what is needed or wanted for (someone or something)
园帮助
因v. to make room for
园提供住处

....

·._ 180_.:
... .
elate 因 v. to make (someone) very happy and excited
/i 1 le1t/ 园使兴奋， 使高兴
囡delight

avert 因 v. to prevent (something bad) from happening

/a 1 v3rt/ 园阻止
回forestall

fad 因n. a fashion that is taken up with great enthusiasm for a brief period of
ff王 d/ time; a craze
园一时流行的事物
圆faddish adj. 追求时尚的

ap e 因 v. to imitate or mimic in an inept way

/e1p/ 园（笨拙的）模仿

irk 因 v. to annoy
/3rk/ 园使…厌烦
圆irksome adj. 烦人的

ebb 因 v. to get worse

压bf 园衰落
回declining, waning

困 v. to fall back from the flood stage

园退潮

yen 因n. a strong desire or propensity

/jcn/ 园（强烈的）渴望

opt 因 v. to make a choice

/apt/ 园选择
回option n. 选择

curb 因 v. to check, restrain, or control

/k3rb/ 园限制， 控制
因n. something that checks or restrains
园限制

curt 因adj. sparing of words

/k3rt/ 园语言简练的
囡terse, taciturn, laconic

困adj. rudely brief or abrupt in speech

园说话简短而粗鲁的

snag 因n. an unexpected problem or difficulty

/sn王 g/ 园故障， 问题
. ...

·._ 182_.:
... .
quash 因v. to annul or put an end to
/kwaJ/ 园废止， 使无效
因v. to suppress or extinguish completely
园镇压， 平息

glib 因adj. performed with a natural, offhand ease

/glib/ 园即兴的
因labored
因adj. marked by ease and fluency in speaking or writing often to the
point of being insincere or deceitful
园油嘴滑舌的

roil 因v. to cause to be in a state of agitation or disorder

/orl/ 园使…混乱

rant 因v. to speak or write in an angry or emotionally charged manner

/r 王 nt/ 园辱骂
回diatribe

lull 因v. to cause to sleep or rest

/IAI/ 园使平静
..........................................
困n. a relatively calm interval
园暂时的平静， 间歇
囡respite
因increased activity

avow 因v. to acknowledge or declare openly and unashamedly

/a 1 vau/ 园承认

trio 因n. a group of three

/'triou/ 园三足鼎立， 三个一组

sage 因adj. very wise

/se1d 引 园智慧的
回sagacious adj. 睿智的， 精明的
因 n. one distinguished for wisdom
园智者

lurk 因v. to exist unobserved or unsuspected

/ l3rk/ 园潜藏
困v. to move furtively
园暗中行动

hoax 因v. to deceive or cheat

/houks/ 园欺骗
. ...

·._ 184_.:
... .
niche 因n. a special area of demand for a product or service
/nrtJ I 园小众市场
因 n. a situation or activity specially suited to a person s interests,
abilities, or nature
园称心如意的活动、 工作等

trite 因adj. not evoking interest because of overuse or repetition

/trart/ 园陈词滥调的

stoic 因adj. seemingly indifferent to or unaffected by pleasure or pain

『stourk/ 园不以苦乐为意的， 淡泊的

murky 因adj. dark or dim

『m3rki/ 园昏暗的
因adj. not clearly known, understood, or expressed
园难懂的，不清晰的

blunt 因adj. abrupt and often disconcertingly frank in speech

/ blAnt/ 园直率的

因 adj. having a dull edge or end; not sharp

园钝的， 不锋利的
． ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

因 adj. obtuse in understanding or discernment

园反应迟钝的

flout 因 v. to treat with contemptuous disregard

/flaut/ 园蔑视， 鄙视
囡disregard, defy

rue 因n. regret, sorrow

/ru/ 国后悔

shun 因 v. to avoid
/JAn/ 园躲避
囡eschew
因 seek

idle 因adj. not working, active, or being used

t 缸 dal/ 园空闲的
因 active
. ...

·._ 186_.:
... .
extol 因v. to praise highly
/Ek'stoul/ 园赞美

exalt 因v. to praise, or honor

压g'zJlt/ 园赞美
囡valorize
因v. to raise in rank, character, or status
园提升

tweak 因v. to twist sharply

/twik/ 园拧
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

困v. to make usually small adjustments in

园略微调整

verve 因n. great energy and enthusiasm

/v3rv/ 园热情， 活力

coy 因adj. having a shy or sweetly innocent quality

/kJI/ 园脑膜的
因adj. showing reluctance to make a definite commitment
园含糊其辞的
因frank

whit 因n. a very small amount

/hw1t/ 园少量

pine 因v. to yearn intensely and persistently especially for something

/parn/ unattainable
园渴望
困v. to become thin and weak because of sadness or loss
园憔悴

demur 因v. to voice opposition; object

/di 1 m3r/ 园反对

belie 因v. to give a false impression of

/bi 1 la1/ 园掩盖
..............................
因 v. to run counter to
园与…相矛盾
囡contradict
..............................
因 v. to show (something) to be false or wrong
园证明…为假
因aver

. ...

·._ 188_.:
... .
 囡constrain

bogus 因adj. not real or genuine

/'bougas/ 园假的

cloak 因v. to hide or disguise

/klouk/ 园伪装， 掩盖

aloof 因adj. removed or distant either physically or emotionally

/a'luf/ 园冷漠的， 疏远的

akin 因adj. essentially similar, related, or compatible

/a'krn / 园相似的， 相关的

croon 因v. to sing in a low soft voice

/krun/ 园低吟浅唱
囡warble

bland 因adj. dull or insipid

/blcend/ 园无聊的
囡insipid
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

因adj. pleasant in manner

园温和的

surly 因adj. sullenly ill-humored; gruff

fs3rli/ 园傲慢的， 粗暴的
回sullen

probe 因v. to search into and explore very thoroughly

/proub/ 园仔细调查

hoard 因 n. I v. to collect and hide a large amount of

/ hJrd/ 园贮藏

sap 因 n. vitality
/s 王 p/ 园活力
因v. to deplete or weaken gradually
园使…失去活力

rive 因v. to divide into pieces

/ra1v/ 园劈开

riot 因 n. a situation in which a large group of people behave in a violent and

/'rarat/ uncontrolled way
园暴乱

glum 因adj. sad or depressed

/glAm/ 园悲伤的 . ...

·._ 190_.:
... .
adept 因adj. very good at doing something hard
闷 dEpt/ 国精通的
囡proficient

lapse 因 v. to go out of existence

/l�ps/ 四停止

因 n. a slight error usually caused by lack of attention or forgetfulness

国疏忽大意

guile 因 n. deceitful cunning

/ga1I/ 国欺骗
回deviousness
圆guileless adj. 诚实的

decay 因 v. to decline in health, strength, or vigor

/di 1 ke1/ 园衰退
回deterioration

sloth 因 n. the quality of being lazy

/sb0/ 国懒惰

dwarf 因 v. to cause to appear smaller or to seem inferior

/dwJrf/ 园使…变得矮小或不重要

deify 因 v. to treat (someone or something) like a god or goddess

/'dia,fa1/ 园奉…为神， 尊敬

hoary 因adj. extremely old

/'hJri/ 园老掉牙的

pique 因 v. to make someone annoyed or angry

/pik/ 国激怒， 惹怒
圆piquant adj. 抹奋的， 迷人的

hubris 因 n. exaggerated pride or self-confidence

/'hjubrrs/ 国自大， 傲慢
囡arrogant
。
to守 nfto

h
d
因国囡 因园

fi

e
v遵 cO V 砍

r
m
r

e
r
n

a
0

hew
。

/hju/
m�
r iu

。
.t
.）
�
�

.，
:n
d
t

r
w

e
e
a
C

I`
树

tilt 因 v. I n. slant or bias

/tilt/ 园倾斜
囡list

. ...

·._ 192_.:
... .
upshot 因n. the final result
/'ApJat/ 园结局

upbeat 困adj. positive and cheerful

/'Apl bit/ 园积极乐观的， 愉快的

downsize 困 v. to reduce in size

/'daun,sa1z/ 四缩小
． ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

困 v. to fire (employees) for the purpose of downsizing a business

园裁员

impressionable因adj. easy to influence

/1m 1 pr£fanab的 园易受影响的

personable 因adj. pleasant or amiable in person

『p3rsanabal/ 四品貌兼优的

inviting 困adj. attractive

/1n 1 va1tlrJ / 园吸引人的

liken 因 v. compare
/'larkan/ 四比较

wholesale 因adj. affecting large numbers of people or things

/'houl,se1I/ 园大规模的

wholesome 因adj. promoting health of body

/'houlsam/ 园有益健康的

romanticize 因adj. to make romantic : treat as idealized or heroic

/ro'm 王 ntr,sarz/ 园使浪漫化
囡idealized

defining 困adj. critically important

/di'fa1n/ 园非常重要的

telling 因adj. carrying great weight and producing a marked effect

/'tElrrJ / 四有说服力的， 有影响力的

dour 因adj. gloomy, sullen

/dur/ 园严肃的， 阴郁的

teem 因 v. to become filled to overflowing

/tim/ 园充满

backbone 因n. the main support or major sustaining factor

『b王 k,boun/ 园支柱， 支撑

. ...

·._ 194_.:
... .
 困v. to play or act so as to impress onlookers
园赚取眼球

smother 因v. to kill someone by covering the face so that breathing is not possible
j'smAbar/ 园使…窒息
因v. to try to keep from happening
园遏制， 阻止

effortless 因adj. showing or requiring little or no effort

店fartl1s/ 园不费力的

discerning 因adj. showing insight and understanding

/d1'z3rn1r:i / 园有洞察力的
囡perceptive, insightful

rife 因adj. prevalent especially to an increasing degree

/ra1f/ 园非常普遍的
囡pervasive
因 sparse

girth 因n. size

/g3r0/ 园尺寸
困n. a measure around a body
园围长

hard-boiled 因adj. devoid of sentimentality; tough

/'hard'bJrld/ 园强硬的， 不动感情的

spiteful 因adj. having or showing a desire to harm, anger, or defeat someone

j'spa1tfal/ 园恶毒的

forbear 因v. to control oneself when provoked

ff寸 bu/ 园克制， 忍耐

wont 因adj. inclined, apt

/wJnt/ 园有…倾向的

． ．
en』 01n 因v. to prevent someone from doing something
/£n 1 d3Jrn/ 园禁止

glean 因v. to gather or collect in a gradual way

/glin/ 园慢慢收集
囡obtain

glisten 因v. to shine with light reflected off a wet surface

/'gl1san/ 园表面闪烁光芒的

....

·._ 196_.:
... .
buoy 因v. to keep afloat or aloft
/'bui/ 园使浮起来
....................................
困v. to hearten or inspire
园鼓励

makeshift 因 n. a usually crude and temporary expedient

j'me1kJ1ft/ 园权宜之计
因adj. suitable as a temporary or expedient substitute
园权宜的， 临时代用的

forthwith 因adv. without delay

/fJr8'w1b/ 园马上， 立刻

cornerstone 因 n. an indispensable and fundamental basis

/'灼rnar,stoun/ 园重要的基石

bedrock 因 n. the very basis

/'bEd,rak/ 园根基
囡foundation

resourceful 因adj. able to act effectively or imaginatively, especially in difficult

/ n'sJrsfal / situations
园足智多谋的

appreciable 因adj. capable of being perceived or measured

闷prifabal/ 园可感知的， 可衡量的

sate 因v. to cloy with overabundance

/seit/ 园使…厌倦， 使…腻烦
困v. to appease by indulging to the full
园使…满足

stonewall 因v. to refuse to comply or cooperate with

/'stoun,w汕 园拒绝合作
因 V. to engage in delaying tactics
园采用拖延的战术

involuntary 因adj. not done or made consciously

/1n'valantui/ 国无意识的

astronomical 因adj. immense

／ ， 王stra'na m1kl/ 园巨大的
困adj. of or relating to astronomy
园天文的

. ...

·._ 198_.:
... .
incomparable 因adj. better than any other
/1n1 kamparabal/ 园无与伦比的

towering 因adj. impressively high or great

/'tauarrr:i/ 园高大的
因adj. reaching a high point of intensity
园强烈的
因adj. going beyond proper bounds
园过度的

slapdash 因adj. quick and careless

/sl�p,d�J/ 园草率的， 粗心大意的

invaluable 因adj. extremely valuable or useful

/1n'v 刮juabal/ 园极具价值的

slipshod 因adj. very careless or poorly done or made

j'sl1pJad/ 园粗心大意的

heartrending 因adj. causing great sadness or sorrow

/'hart,rEnditJ/ 园心塞的

retiring 因adj. quiet and shy

/n'ta1nt)/ 园羞涩的， 不善交际的

belabor 因v. to attack or criticize

/bi'le1bar/ 园批评

yardstick 因n. a standard for making a critical judgement

j'jard,strk/ 园准绳， 标准

downcast 因adj. low in spirit

/'daun,kcest/ 园不开心的， 沮丧的

telltale 因adj. indicating or giving evidence of something

/'住l,te1I/ 园泄露内情的
困n. informer
园告密者

moody 因adj. given to frequent changes of mood

j'mudi/ 园喜怒无常的
因adj. expressive of a mood, especially a sullen or gloomy mood
园悲伤的

. ...

·._200_.:
... .
agreeable 因adj. suitable and conformable
闷griabal/ 园适合的
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

困adj. to one's liking

园宜人的， 令人愉悦的

composed 因adj. calm

/kam1 pouzd/ 园冷静的

barring 因prep. apart from the occurrence of; excepting

/'ba ntJ / 园除了……以外

prohibitive 因adj. so high or burdensome as to discourage purchase or use

/prou 1 h1bat1v/ 园昂贵的

phenomenal 因adj. extraordinary and outstanding

／信namanal/ 园出众的

． ． ．
1nc1s1ve 因adj. impressively direct and decisive
/1n'sa1s1v/ 园一针见血的， 深刻尖锐的
囡acuity

amiss 因adj. in the wrong way

/a 1 m1/ 园错误的

musty 因adj. having a bad smell because of wetness, old age, or lack of fresh
『mAsti/ air
园恶臭的

needy 因adj. being in need; impoverished

『nidi/ 园贫穷的

canny 因adj. very clever and able to make intelligent decisions

/'k�ni/ 园精明的， 聪明的
回shrewd

uncanny 因adj. strange or unusual in a way that is surprising or difficult to

从n'k�ni/ understand
园奇异的

mighty 因adj. having or showing great strength or power

『ma1ti/ 园强大的

locale 因 n. the place where something happens

/lou'k王 I/ 园地点

. ...

·._202_.:
... .
shorthand 因 n. a method of writing quickly by using symbols or abbreviations for
/'J)rt,h 王nd/ sounds, words, or phrases
园速记

straightforward 因adj. free from evasiveness or obscurity

『stre 订 fJrward/ 园直白的，坦诚的

madcap 因adj. behaving or acting impulsively or rashly; wild

/'mced,k 王 p/ 四鲁莽的，行为冲动的

leading 因adj. most important

/'lidII]/ 园最重要的
...............................
困adj. having great importance, influence, or success
园有影响力的

degenerate 因adj. having low moral standards

/di 1d3E.narrt/ 园道德败坏的
困 v. to change to a worse state or condition
国退化

testing 因adj. difficult to deal with

/'tcStir)/ 园费力的

lengthy 因adj. protracted excessively

/'IEl]k0i/ 园冗长的

materialize 因 v. to begin to happen or exist

I ma1 tinal,a1z/ 园实现
困�- to cause to appear in bodily form
国使…具体化，使…物质化

calculable 因adj. subject to or ascertainable by calculation

/'k 刮 kjulabal/ 园可计算的
............................................
困adj. that may be counted on
园可靠的

gainsay 因 v. to deny or disagree with (something)

/,gern'ser/ 园否认
因concur

....

·._204_.:
... .
virtually 因adv. almost
『v3rtJuali/ 园几乎

unearth 因v. to find or discover (something) that was hidden or lost

从n'3r0/ 园揭露
因conceal

uptake 因n. understanding or comprehension

爪p,te1k/ 园理解
因 n. an act or instance of absorbing and incorporating especially into a
living organism, tissue, or cell
园吸收

instrumental 因adj. very important in helping or causing something to happen or be

/ ,rnst 百 mEntal/ done
园重要的

reserved 因adj. not openly expressing feelings or opinions

/n'z3rvd/ 园沉默寡言的

pretext 因n. a reason that you give to hide your real reason for doing something
『pri,tckst/ 园借口

subtext 因 n. an underlying meaning, theme, etc.

tsAb,tckst/ 园潜台词

setback 因n. a checking of progress

/'sctb王 k/ 园挫折

backlash 因n. a strong adverse reaction

/'b 王 kl 王JI 园反击

standstill 因n. a state characterized by absence of motion or of progress

/'st 王ndstII/ 园静止， 停滞

level-headed 因adj. having or showing an ability to think clearly and to make good
/'lcval,hc 中 d/ decisions
园头脑清晰冷静的
囡sober

byword 因n. someone or something that is closely connected with a particular

/'bar,w3rd/ quality
园典型， 代名词

one-stop 因adj. providing or offering a comprehensive range of goods or services

j'wAn,stap/ at one location; also : provided or offered at such a location

....

·._206_.:
... .
license 因n. freedom to act however you want to
/'larsans/ 园自由

latitude 因n. freedom to choose how to act or what to do

/'lceta,tud/ 园自由
因n. distance north or south of the equator measured in degrees up to 90
degrees
园纬度

court 因v. to behave so as to invite or incur

/kJrt/ 园招致
困v. to attempt to gain the favor of by attention or flattery
园吸引

contract 因v. to acquire or incur

/'kan,tr王 kt/ 园招致

因v. to become reduced in size

园收缩
囡dwindling

betray 因v. to make known unintentionally

/bi'trer/ 园（无意中）显露

因 v. to give aid or information to an enemy of; commit treason against

园背叛

qualify 因v. to modify, limit or restrict, as by listing exceptions or reservations

/'kw 啦 ， far/ 园限制

stomach 因v. to bear without overt reaction or resentment

『stAmak/ 园容忍

resolve 因v. to make a definite and serious decision to do something

/n'zJlv/ 园决定， 决心要做
图resolute adj. 坚定的irresolute adj. 由于不觉得resolution n. 决议

困v. to find an answer or solution to

园解决

arrest 因v. to bring to a stop

/a'rE.st/ 园阻止
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

因 v. to attract and hold the attention of

园吸引
困v. to use the power of the law to take and keep
园逮捕

. ...

·._208_.:
... .
/kan'tern/ 园限制
.........
因 v. to have within; hold
园容纳

stem 因 v. to check or go counter to

/stEm/ 园阻止， 限制
囡check
...........................................
困 v. to develop as a consequence of
园源于， 因为

check 因 v. to hold in restraint

/tJck/ 园阻止
囡stem
因prompt

困 v. to inspect so as to determine accuracy, quality, or other condition

园检测

still 因adj. lacking motion or activity

/strl/ 园静止的
因adj. uttering no sound
园安静的

clinical 因adj. analytical or dolly dispassionate

/'kl1n1kal/ 园不感情用事的， 冷静的

novel 因adj. new and different from what has been known before
『naval/ 园新颖的
回original, unexampled, unprecedented

困adj. original or striking especially in conception or style

园原创的

might 因n. power to do something

/malt/ 园力量， 权力
图mighty adj. 巨大的；有力的

grave 因adj. dignified and somber in conduct or character

/grerv/ 园严肃的
因 v. to stamp or impress deeply
园雕刻， 铭记

affect 因 v. to put on a false show of

/a l 住 kt/ 园伪装， 装腔作势
因 ingenuousness
圆affectation n. 做作；假装
..........................................
因 v. to have or show a liking for

. ...

·._210_.:
... .
coin 因v. to devise (a new word or phrase)
/k)1n/ 园发明（一个新词）

weather 因v. to come through (something) safely

/'WE.Oar/ 园渡过（危机）

document 因v. to methodically record the details of

/'dakjumant/ 园详细记录
圆documentation n. 文件， 文档
因 v. to support with evidence or decisive information
园证明， 支持

contest 因v. to try to disprove or invalidate (something) as by argument or legal

/kan' 住 st/ action
园质疑， 否认
圆uncontested adj. 无争议的

intrigue 因n. the activity of making secret plans

/1n'trig/ 园密谋， 诡计

occasion 因v. to cause something

闷ker3an/ 园引起

effect 因v. to bring about; make happen

团fEkt/ 园引起

spell 因n. a short, indefinite period of time

/sp切 园（一段）时间

husband 因v. to carefully use or manage, to use sparingly

/'队zband/ 园节省

industry 因n. the habit of working hard and steadily

『rndastri/ 国努力
因sloth

demonstrative 因adj. freely and openly showing emotion or feelings

/d1'manstrativ/ 园显露情感的

pursuit 因n. an activity that one engages as a vocation, profession, or avocation

/par1 sut/ 园事业

emergent 因adj. newly formed or prominent

厅m3rd3ant/ 园新兴的
回emerge v. 出现
因adj. arising unexpectedly
园突然出现的
. ...

·._212_.:
... .
 因turbulent

involved 因adj. complicated and intricate

/1n'valvd/ 园复杂的

score 因 v. to achieve or accomplish

/sk 可／ 园获得…．成就

. ...

·._214_.:
... .
 困v. to wear out by overwork or abuse
园使…疲惫不堪

trammel 因v. to hinder the activity or free movement of

/'tr�mal/ 园阻碍，限制自由
囡restrain

困 n. something that restricts activity, expression, or progress; a restraint

园束缚

comb 因v. to search or examine systematically

/koum/ 园仔细检查，仔细搜寻
因 n. a thin toothed strip, as of plastic, used to smooth, arrange, or fasten
the hair
园梳子

jealous 因adj. vigilant in guarding a possession

/'d3Elas/ 园死守严防的，精心守护的
困adj. feeling a mean anger toward someone because he or she is more
successful
园妒忌的

usher 因v. to cause to enter; to introduce

爪Jar/ 园引领…．进入
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
困 n. a person who leads people to their seats
园引导员

cow 因v. to make someone too afraid to do something

/kau/ 园恐吓

hedge 因n. a calculatedly noncommittal or evasive statement

/hEd引 园故意模棱两可不绝对的言论
困 V. to avoid giving a promise or direct answer
园避免（言论）过于绝对

obscure 因adj. deficient in light

/ab'skjur/ 园昏暗的
因 �dj. not clearly understood or expressed
园难以理解的（也作动词使…难懂）
...............................
因adj. not well-known
园不出名的
...............................
困v. to conceal or hide

. ...

·._216_.:
... .
 园制裁（做可数名词）

accent 因v. to pronounce with accent

／氐k,sf.nt/ 园发重音
......................................
困v. to give prominence to
园着重强调， 凸显

perennial 因adj. present at all seasons of the year

/ pa 1 rEnial / 园多年生的（植物）
因adj. continuing without interruption
园持续的， 长期的
囡long-standing
因fleeting

confound 因v. to cause to become confused or perplexed

/ kan'faund / 园使困惑
囡perplex, obscure, flummox
因discriminate between
.....................................................................
困v. to prove (someone or something) wrong; refute
园驳斥， 证明…．错误
..............................................
困v. to fail to distinguish; mix up
园混淆

promise 因n. an indication of future success or improvement

j'pramrs/ 园前景光明
因v. to show signs of
园预示

acknowledge 因v. to express gratitude or obligation for

/cek1 nal1d引 园感谢
......................................................
困立 to say that you accept or do not deny the truth or existence of
(somet hing)
园承认
回concede

volume 因 n. the degree of loudness or the intensity of a sound

『valjum/ 园音量
困n. book
园书卷
因 n. the amount of space occupied by a three-dimensional object as
measured in cubic units
园体积

discharge 因v. to tell (someone) officially that they can or must leave

. ...

·._218_.:
... .
／衮kand/ 园同意
因 v. to give support or encouragement to
园帮助， 支持

usage 因n. manner of treating

/'jus1d引 园对待方式

autumn 因n. the later part of someone's life or of something's existence

闷tam/ 园晚年， 暮年
图autumnal adj. 已过中年的

measured 因adj. done with thought and care

/'mc3ard/ 园故意的， 刻意的

entrance 因v. to fill (someone) with delight and wonder

压ntrans/ 园使…着迷

color 因v. to alter or influence to some degree, as by distortion or exaggeration

/'kAlar/ 园扭曲， 影响

economy 因n. thrifty and efficient use of material resources

/1'kanami/ 园节省
圆economical adj. 节俭的， 节约的
困n. the process or system by which goods and services are produced,
sold, and bought in a country or region
园经济体系

listless 因adj. lacking energy or spirit

/'lrstlrs/ 园没精打采的
回sluggish
因dynamic

humor 因n. a funny or amusing quality

/'hjumar/ 园幽默
困n. characteristic or habitual disposition or bent
园脾气， 秉性

complaint 因n. expression of grief, pain, or dissatisfaction

/kam 1 plernt/ 园抱怨
因 n. a bodily ailment or disease
园疾病， 痛苦

tender 因v. to present for acceptance: offer

/'tcndar/ 园提供
困adj. very loving and gentle

. ...

·._220_.:
... .
dissipate 因v. to cause (something) to spread out and disappear
『drsa1 pert/ 园使…消散
j
因 ·v. to use all or a lot of (something, such as money or time) in a foolish way
四浪费， 挥霍
囡dispersed

misuse 因v. to treat (someone) unfairly

/mrs'juz/ 国不公平的对待
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

因v. to use incorrectly

四误用
囡abuse

physical 因adj. existing in a form that you can touch or see

『frzrkal/ 四实体的

因adj. of or relating to natural science

园自然科学的
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

因adj. relating to the body of a person instead of the mind

国肉体的

embrace 因v. to accept (something or someone) readily or gladly

/Em 1 bre1s/ 四接受
. .................................................................................
因v. to hold someone 1n your arms as a way of expressing love or friendship
四拥抱

descendant 因adj. moving or directed downward

/di'sc:ndant/ 园下降的
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．，

因n. someone who ,s related to a person or group of people who lived in

the past
四后代

abstraction 因n. the state of being abstracted

/ceb'strcekJan/ 国抽象， 概要
................................................
因n. absence of mind or preoccupation
园心不在焉
囡generality; divorce

substantial 因adj. large in amount, size, or number

I sab'st�nfal/ 四大量的
. ...................................
因adj. firmly constructed
四坚固的

因adj. important or essential

国重要的
囡concrete, solid

. ...

·._222_.:
... .
martinet 因 n. a person who is very strict and demands obedience from others
/,martan'ct/ 园要求严格纪律的人

sophist 因n. philosopher

j'safist/ 园哲学家
因n. a captious or fallacious reasoner
园诡辩家

quibbler 因n. to argue or complain about small, unimportant things

/'kw1bal/ 园吹毛求疵的人

pedant 因 n. a person who annoys other people by correcting small errors and
『pEdant/ giving too much attention to minor details
园卖弄学问的人

naysayer 因 n. a person who says something will not work or is not possible:
『ne1,se1ar/ a person who denies, refuses, or opposes something
园否定者， 怀疑者

acolyte 因 n. someone who follows and admires a leader

／氐ka,lart/ 园助手
.......................................................................
困 n. someone who helps the person who leads a church service
园侍僧

associate 因n. a person who you work with or spend time with
闷souJi,eit/ 园同事， 伙伴

canary 因n. a small usually yellow or green tropical bird that is often kept in a cage
/ka'nui/ 园金丝雀

braggart 因 n. a person who brags a lot

/'br 王 gart/ 园吹牛者

dictator 因n. a person who rules a country with total authority and often in a cruel
『drk,tertar/ or brutal way
园独裁者
圆dictatorial adj. 专制的， 独裁的

tyrant 因 n. a ruler who has complete power over a country and who is cruel and
/'tarrant/ unfair
园暴君

denizen 因n. a person, animal, or plant that lives in or often is found in a particular
fdEnazan/ place or region
园居民

. ...

·._224_.:
... .
spendthrift 因n. a person who spends money in a careless or wasteful way
/'spc:nd,0nft/ 园挥霍的人

monger 因n. broker, dealer —usually used in combination

/'mArJgar/ 国商人， 贩子

culprit 因n. a person who has committed a crime or done something wrong
『kAlpnt/ 园罪犯， 罪魁祸首

curator 因n. a person who is in charge of the things in a museum, zoo, etc.
/kju 1 re1tar/ 园管理者

orator 因n. a person who makes speeches and is very good at making them
/')心tar/ 国演讲者

fledgling 因n. someone or something that is getting started in a new activity

/'fl Ed引 Ir)/ 国无经验的人
因 experienced

cynic 因n. a person who has negative opinions about other people and about
/'s1n1k/ the things people do; especially : a person who believes that people are
selfish and are only interested in helping themselves
园认为人性自私的人

quixote 因n. a quixotic person

/'kwiksat/ 园爱空想的人

． ．
expans1on1st 因n. someone who holds the belief that a country should grow larger
/Ek 1 sp 王 nfan,rzam/ 国扩张主义者

electorate 因n. the people who can vote in an election

/i'IEktarrt/ 园选举人

preservationist 因n. someone who works to preserve something (such as a building or

/ ,pr£zar 1 ve1Janrst/ an area of land)
园保护主义者

zealot 因n. a person who has very strong feelings about something (such as
/'zElat/ religion or politics) and who wants other people to have those feelings : a
zealous person
国狂热者
. ...

·._226_.:
... .
soothsayer 因n. a person who predicts the future by magical, intuitive, or more
/su0,serar/ rational means
园预言家

connoisseur 因n. a person who knows a lot about something (such as art, wine, food,
/,kana's3r/ etc.) : an expert in a particular subject
园鉴学- 贝豕， 内叮
圆connoisseurship n. 鉴赏力

boor 因n. a rude and rough person

/bur/ 园粗人

playwright 因n. a person who writes plays

『plerlart/ 园剧作家

despot 因n. a ruler who has total power and who often uses that power in cruel
『dEspat/ and unfair ways
园独裁者

apologist 因n. one who speaks or writes in defense of someone or something

闷palad31st/ 园辩护人

wastrel 因n. a person who wastes time, money, etc.

/'werstral/ 园浪费的人

autocrat 因n. a person who rules with total power

心ta,kr 王 t/ 园独裁者

oddball 因n. the use of tricks especially to hide, avoid, or get something
闷d,b汕 园古怪的人

bore 因n. one that causes boredom

/bJr/ 园无聊的人

layperson 因n. a member of the laity

/'le1,p3rsan/ 园外行
囡nonspeciaI ist

has-been 因n. a person who is no longer popular or successful

/'h 王 z,brn/ 园过时的人

progenitor 因n. precursor, originator

/prou'd3Enatar/ 园先驱

benefactor 因n. someone who helps another person, group, etc., by giving money
/'bEna,f王 ktar/ 园慈善家

. ...

·._228_.:
... .
collectivism 因n. a political or economic system in which the government owns
/ka1 lckta,vrzam/ businesses, land, etc.
园集体主义

dualism 因n. the idea or belief that everything has two opposite parts or principles
tdual,1zam/ 园二元论

eclecticism 因n. a theory or practice (as of medicine or psychotherapy) that

压k 1 IEkta,s1zam/ combines doctrines or methods (as therapeutic procedures) from diverse
sources
园来源广泛， 兼容并包

． ． ． 因n. the practice of relying on observation and experiment especially in

emp1r1c1sm
/Em 1 p1n,s1zam/ the natural sciences
园基于观察与实验

feminism 因n. the belief that men and women should have equal rights and
ffEma 1 n1zam/ opportunities
园女权主义

hedonism 因n. the belief that pleasure or happiness is the most important goal in
/'hidan,rzam/ life
园享乐主义

idealism 因n. the attitude of a person who believes that it is possible to live
／扛dial,1zam/ according to very high standards of behavior and honesty
园理想主义

anthropomorphism 因n. an interpretation of what 1s not human or personal in terms of human

飞n8rapou'mJr,fizam/ or personal characteristics
园拟人论

individualism 因n. the actions or attitudes of a person who does things without being
/,rnda 1 vrd3ual,rzam/ concerned about what other people will think
园个人主义

nihilism 因n. the belief that traditional morals, ideas, beliefs, etc., have no worth
『nara lrzam/ or value
园虚无主义

skepticism 因n. an attitude of doubting the truth of something (such as a claim or

『skE.ptr,srzam/ statement)
园怀疑

teetotalism 因n. the principle or practice of complete abstinence from alcoholic drinks
/ti'toutal,rzam/ 园禁酒主义

. ...

·._230_.:
... .
 囡errant
因 adj. following no clear principle or law
园无法预料的
囡unpredictable

errant 因adj. moving about aimlessly or irregularly

店rant/ 园随意的
囡wayward
...................................
因adj. behaving wrongly
园错误的

cannibalize 因 v. to draw on as a major source

/'k�nabal,arz/ 园采用…作为主要来源
困 v. to deprive of vital elements or resources, such as personnel,
equipment, or funding, for use elsewhere:
园剥夺（关键成分用于别处）

discordant 因adj. being at variance : disagreeing

/d1s 1 灼rdant/ 园不 一 致的
因adj. disagreeable in sound; harsh or dissonant.
园不和谐的

1ns1nuate 因 v. to introduce (as an idea) gradually or in a subtle, indirect, or covert

－ －

/In sinju 1 eitl 园暗示（表不满）

困 v. to introduce (as oneself) by stealthy, smooth, or artful means
园巧妙地介入（表不满）

slinky 因adj. stealthy, furtive, and sneaking

/'sl11]ki/ 园鬼鬼祟祟的

attune 因 v. to bring into harmony

闷tjurn/ 园使协调一致

bluster 因 v. to talk or act with noisy swaggering threats

/'blAstar / 园（虚张声势地）恐吓
困 n. Loud, arrogant speech, often full of empty threats
园吃哮

nonsensical 因adj. lacking intelligible meaning

/nan衮 ns1kal / 园无意义的
囡illogical

困adj. foolish; absurd

园愚蠢的

....

·._232_.:
... .
renegade 因n. a deserter from one faith, cause, or allegiance to another
/'rcna 1 ge1d/ 园叛徒
囡rebel, outlaw

misanthrope 因n. one who hates or mistrusts humankind

/'m1san 1 0roup/ 园厌恶人类的人， 愤世嫉俗的人

leveling 因n. the act of making equal or uniform

/'leval irJ / 国使平等， 使 一 致

straddle 因v. to be on both sides of; extend over or across

『str王 di/ 园横跨

因v. to appear to favor both sides of an issue

国观望

baleful 因adj. portending evil; ominous

『berlfal/ 国邪恶的， 不吉利的
回sinister
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

因 adj. harmful or malignant in intent or effect

国（意图上）恶意的， 险恶的

shelve 因v. if someone shelves a plan or project, they decide not to continue
/ fEIV / with it, either for a while or permanently
国搁置

scribble 因v. to write or draw in a hurried, careless way

『sknbl/ 国草率地写画

abyss 因n. a very dangerous or frightening situation

/a'brs/ 国深渊（指危险的处境）

stunning 因adj. strikingly impressive especially in beauty or excellence

『stAnIIJ/ 国令人印象深刻的
囡impressive
因adj. causing astonishment or disbelief
国令人吃惊的， 出乎意料的
囡unexpected

staunch 因adj. steadfast in loyalty or principle

/stJntJ/ 国坚定的， 忠诚的

. ...

·._234_.:
... .
 附录佛脚短语表
．
at a prem1um 稀缺的
Property is an excellent investment, particularly in Dublin, where space is at a premium but
demand remains high.

be at odds with 与 …不 一 致， 矛盾
Blake's version of night's events was at odds with the official police report.

without fail 务必
I go to the gym every Monday and Wednesday, without fail.

nothing short of
无异于 …
His accusation is nothing short of slander and has no value.
简直就是
The party was nothing short of a disaster as it ended early and people went home unhappy.

keep something at bay 控制住，牵制

If we can keep the rabbits at bay, we should have a good crop of vegetables in the garden.

on a par with 禾口 …一 杆
This home cooking is on a par with the best restaurant cuisine in the world.

substitute A for B 用A代替B

You can substitute oil for butter in this cookie recipe.

accuse somebody of doing 控告某人

He accused his assistant of theft in the office.

charge somebody with something / charge somebody with doing something

指控某人…
He was charged with resisting arrest when he was approached by the police and ran
某人负责做…
The governing body is charged with managing the school within its budget.

dubious distinction 名不副实的成就

He is the lawyer with the dubious distinction of having lost the most cases in the firm.

on top of that 另外
We missed our flight, and on top of that we had to wait seven hours for the next one.

for all 尽管， 虽然

For all her protests about the exposure to paparazzi, the pop star still loved the attention.
. ...

·._236_.:
... .
conjure up 使在脑海中显现
For some readers of Victorian novels, the word "England" may conjure up images of pretty
gardens and tea parties.

only too … to … 非 吊
I am only too glad to return home after my vacation was ruined by the continuous rain.

a far cry from 完全不同

This apartment is a far cry from the one they had lived in before.

by virtue of 由于
By virtue of her extensive experience and her wealth of practical knowledge, 87-year­
old Louisa Vigil was regarded by her family in New Mexico as its chief advice-giver and
matriarch.

give way to 给…让路

In some areas, modern intensive farming is giving way to the re-introduction of traditional
methods.

bring about 引起
The CEO brought about his company's collapse by his reckless spending.

1n response to 响应， 对…做出反应

＿

The new law was passed by the town council in response to complaints from residents.

by and large 总的来说

By and large, the people of this state are satisfied with the governor's policies.

at large 通 忠 吊

The public at large doesn't take the noise issue too seriously.

in sharp (stark) contrast to 形成鲜明对比

Sales this month were up, in sharp contrast to the poor sales of the last few months.

run-of-the-mill 普通的， 不出众的

He gave a fairly run-of-the-mill performance at the speech contest.

state-of-the-art 使用最先进技术的
The school uses the state-of-the-art computers and gadgets in its newly renovated
classrooms.

step down 辞职
Upon graduation, she stepped down as captain of the tennis team.

a minor rash of 少量的

The minor rash of engine failures on this plane was found to be due to fatigue of the metal.

. ...

·._238_.:
... .
become inured to 习惯于
He became inured to the hardship of army training.

in the sense that 就…意义而言

It's voluntary in the sense that the state government will not require anyone to take the test.

be numbered among 被归类为

Let not my soul be numbered among sinners, or my life among men of blood.

be distinguished from 不同于…

He was distinguished from the other boys his age by his height.

with regard to 关于， 对于

Although adolescent maturational and developmental states occur in an orderly sequence,
their timing----with regard to onset and duration.

strip away 去掉
The emergency room nurse strips away the clothing from the burn victim.

prey on 欺骗， 敲诈
The swindler salesman would prey on the elderly with products that promised of anti-aging.

ferret out 搜出， 搜获

I know his name but I haven't managed to ferret out his phone number or WeChat account.

•
explain away 为…找借口， 开脱
I don't know how you're going to explain away that dent you made in Dad's car.

measure somebody / something against somebody / something 又寸，日召 ••• i平1介 ．．．
It isn't fair to measure somebody just by his sales in the previous month, but that is the
reality for the life of a salesman.

by far 迄今为止， 非常
She is by far the hardest working student in the class.

in line with 符合， 与…一致

We try to keep our prices in line with that of our competitors.

be greeted with 受到…的对待

The soldier was greeted with warmth and laughter when he returned home from the war.

let nature take its course 顺其自然

The frail old dog could be kept alive artificially using ventilators, but I think it would be kinder
to let nature take its course.

recourse to 求助于， 依赖
You will always have recourse to funds from the bank account your grandfather left you.

....

·._240_.:
... .
 needed infusion of cash in the form of a government loan.

prone to 有…倾向
My sister is prone to sneezing during the Spring because of her allergies.

at one's best 处在最佳状态

At the wedding, the photographer took shots to show the bride at her best.

in defense of 为…辩护
The lawyer constructed an argument in defense of her client's innocence in the case.

be up to 从事， 忙于
We think those boys are up to something as they suspiciously returned with spray paint on
their hands.

miss out on something 错过机会

We will all miss out on a blessing if they don't use the gifts God has given them.

beyond the means of somebody 负担不起

Private school fees are beyond the means of most people.

make somebody / something out to be something (错误地）展现

During the police investigation, he made me out to be a liar.

make good on one's promise 实现承诺

My grandfather said he would pay for me to go to college, and he made good on that
promise.

frown on 不悦， 不满
The society frowned on smoking in public settings and posted signs warning of strict fines.

shirk one's responsibility 逃避责任

I hope you do not shirk your responsibility to water the plants every day or else they will
die.

well-to-do 富裕的， 小康的

It was a well-to-do neighborhood of large, single-family homes with big backyards.

stoop to something 委曲求全

He was amazed that a reputable firm would stoop to selling the names of their clients to
other ad companies.

of great moment 重要的

The ribbon cutting ceremonial for the opening of the casino was considered an event of
great moment.

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in (out of) step
步调 一 致
During the military parade, the soldiers marched in step.
步调不 一 致
I'm terrible at dancing and I always get completely out of step with my partner.

to one's credit 值得赞扬

It is to his credit that we sorted out the problems in this project and turned it in on time.

rank-and-file 一般成员的
The party's rank-and-file are beginning to question the prime minister's choice of advisers.

amount to
变成
I doubt that this business will ever amount to anything really profitable.
起相同的作用
His disgraceful behavior of peering over another student's shoulder during the test amounts
to cheating.

stand one's ground 坚持立场

Clare stood her ground during the meeting and refused to be intimidated even when others
got angry with her point of view.

make light of 轻视
Because you are not personally involved, it was easy for you to make light of other people's
problems.

keep abreast of 了解…最新情况

I try to keep abreast of any developments in the recent iPhone launch.

serve as 担任， 起…作用

This brick will serve as a perfect doorstop.

at stake 在紧要关头
After the hurricane, thousands of lives will be at stake if emergency aid does not arrive in the
city soon.

shore up 支持， 支撑
The new public relations manager has the difficult task of shoring up the company's troubled
image.

give credence to 相信
His bruises give credence to his police statement that he had been involved in a scuffle with
other kids on the playground.

nothing less than 不亚于…， 完全是

The chef will accept nothing less than perfection from his kitchen staff.

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devoid of 没有
I went searching for a knife, but the kitchen was devoid of anything sharp.

put something at stake 把…处于险境

Because he was a reckless gambler, he was willing to put a lot of large amount of money at
stake.

border on 邻近， 近乎
His bizarre behavior at the party scared the guests and borders on the insane.

at the root of …的原因 ， … 的具相 、

He believes that his student's lack of interest in this class lies at the root of his recent drop
in performance.

in light of 根据， 鉴于
In light of your good driving record, we've decided to overlook this minor traffic offense.

snap up 抢购， 把…抢到手

By 10 o'clock, most of the best holiday discounts in the store had been snapped up.

rule out 排除
The investigators ruled out their prime suspect after he was proven to be out of the country
at the time of the crime.

a priori 未经观察分析的， 既定的

There's no a priori reason to think your expenses will remain the same in a larger city.

ad hoc 临时安排的
To keep the police force on the streets, the mayor and the city council made an ad hoc
decision to increase the salaries of law enforcement officers by ten percent.

bona fide 真正的

In order to receive a refund for your returned purchase, you will need to show the sales clerk
a bona fide receipt for the item.

per capita 每人， 按人分配的

The country's recent wealth was indicated by a rise in per capita income.

status quo 现状
The new company president has plans to change the status quo and turn the business into
a new organization.

vice versa 反之亦然

＿

Should I come to your house for dinner or vice versa?

ad-lib 即兴演讲
I lost the notes for my talk and had to ad-lib.

drop out of 中途退出

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