Basic Info
a group called the Internet
Everyday you use Bob Khan
and VInt Cerf's invention
everyday without realizing it.
Can you guess what it is? It's
the internet.
The internet follows a set
of rules called protocols
Internet Protocol (IP) is
the most important of
these protocols it assigns
websites IP address that
it uses to find the
website.
How it Works
There are
1.Electricity three
Hardware: Ethernet different ways
Cable
to transport
Pros: Cheap
Cons:Signal loss packets:
2. Light
Hardware: Fiber optic cable
&copper wires
Pros: Really fast & no signal loss
Cons: Expensive & hard to work
with
*Used internationally to transport
data.
3. Radio
Hardware: None
(wireless)
Pros: Totally mobile
Cons: Reange capability
.com
Once sorted packets are sent
to domain name servers that are
organized by domains. A domain
name is like a IP address but is
the .com, .org, or .edu on the
end. Dynamic host
protocol enables these servers
to assign these names and IP
addresses.
The packet is then sent to a internet
server provider that uses the IP
address to send the correct packets
back. The internet has grown so much
that the original IP addressing called
IPv4 which provided 4 billion IP
addresses has to be replaced with a
new system called IPv6 that provides
340 undecillion IP addresses. The
address are broken down in a
hierarchy. The first four bits are the
country/network, the second four bits
are the region/network, the third four
bits are the sub-network and the last
for bits are the device.
You don't always ask the computer for
something. Sometimes you ask for
something like a profile. When you do this
you send a "post" packet instead of a get.
after you ask for your account once the
website uses cookies to remember who
you are nad you account information.
Servers
LAN servers are groups
of computers and
networks connected
together they are usually in
the same building. THey are
high speed servers that are
relatively inexpensive.
THE INTERNET
Ansley Perdue
Nobody "owns" the Internet but
Engineering Task Force (IETF)
oversees the addition of new
thing to the internet
110110100
The internet uses binary
information in the form of bits to
send data. Binary are those 1s and
0s you always hear about with
computers. The maximum capacity
is called bandwidth which is
measured by bit rate. The
diffennce between two bit rates is
called latency.
When you request a URL you
computer puts that request in a
"get" packet which is then sent
from you computer the the
websites server asking for that
website. If you request it from a
different device it's sent to a
modem which configures the
packet to a computer set-up.
After the packet enters the wires it
is sorted by a router or switch
which tells the packet where to go
to get to it's destination quickest.
Transmission Control Protocol makes
sure that routers/switches send the
whole packet and not just pieces.
The website is then split into a
bunch of smaller packets since
it's to big to go back in one. It
follow the same path. ot then
follows the same steps before
going through a internet cable
which is then sen to your
computer by a WIFI router.
All of this happens in a mater of
milliseconds. The website then loads in
your web browser. Your computer
uses a language called Hypertext
Transfer Protocol (HTTP) to
communicate to that web browser
what it is loading. Your computer
then uses Hypertext Markup
Language to tell you computer what
that particular website looks like.
Not every website is safe;
hackers will do something
called DNS spoofing where
they will switch the IP
addresses of websites
sending you to a fake
website. Secure sockets
layer and transport layer
security protocols prevent
DNS spoofing form
occurring. If a website has
SSL or TLS it has a digital
certificate which in
represented by a lock by
the URL and it starts with
https instead of http.
WAN connects several LAN
servers together an may be
limited by a corporation or
accessible by the public. It is a
high speed network but is
relatively expensive