OSI LAYERS

Guide to Enterprise Protocols TCP/IP LAYERS

TCP/IP Routing/Switching Protocols VoIP/Video/Streaming Cisco® VPN/Tunneling UNIX/HP®/Sun® SAN Microsoft® IBM® Thin Client Protocols

D
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol Services RTSP Video Codecs H.248 RUNIX Remote Unix Services SNA Transaction Services
Real-Time XGCP
Extended Gateway MEGACO Ipr rwho rexec Login rsh DDM DCA SNA/FS DIA SNA/DS SNA/MS
SMTP HTTP HTTPS FTP IRC Streaming H.261
Control Protocol Remote Remote Remote Remote Remote Distributed Document File Document SNA SNA
Simple Mail Hypertext Hypertext Transfer File Transfer Internet Relay Protocol
Transfer Protocol Transfer Protocol Protocol Secure Protocol Chat H.263 Print Who Execution Login Shell Data Content Services Interchange Distributed Mgmt.
COPS SIP Management Architecture Architecture Services Services
H.264/AVC Session

Application Layer
POP3 TELNET NNTP IMAP Common Open
Policy Service Initiation
Gopher Post Office Virtual Terminal Network News Internet Message MPEG4 Protocol
Protocol Transfer Protocol Access Protocol
PC
SDP Hewlett-Packard Network Service Microsoft Application Services Browse
MGCP Print LAN
Session File
UDP/IP H.450 Media Gateway Network Remote LSARPC, NETRLOGON, SPOOLSS, Manager
Description Control Protocol
User Datagram Protocol Services Supplemental File Database PCoIP Citrix ICA
Protocol
RFA Server Service, WINS IF, Exchange
CORBA DHCP NTP H.235 Services Transfer Access (Directory, Mapper, Message Store, Client Browser
Remote
IIOP Dynamic Host Network Security (e.g., Call Waiting)
SAP File Message Transfer Agent)
GIOP Configuration Time Protocol Remote
Virtual PC

7
Session Access
Protocol
Cisco Process
Announcement
Comm. Terminal LAN Citrix ICA
TFTP ICP SCCP Protocol Program Independent
X Window Trivial File Internet Cache Computing
System Transfer Protocol Protocol H.323 Browser NetLogon Architecture
(X10 X11) Packet-Based Multimedia ENUM SUN Network Services
Communications Systems Electronic
NFS NIS PMAP SMB
Numbers Server
AMQP Network Network Port
MSDCE Message Sunray
CMOT Advanced Message H.225 H.225 File Information Mapper
WebSphere® MQ
Registration, System System
Block Client
Application Layer CMIP Over Queing Protocol (Q.931) Mailslots MSRPC
TCP/IP Call Setup Admission, Status X11
• Supports application and end-user processes DNS RPL Client
SNMP Domain Name R-STAT NSM NLM WINS
• Offers application services DNS H.245 System Remote Network
Remote
Domain Simple Management Call Control Named Program SSH
Protocol v1, v2, v3 Status MOUNT Lock Mgr.
MS-RAP Pipes Load
• User identification, authentication, and privacy Name To Client To
Service Observer HTTP/HTTPS
Platform

6
PCoIP X11
LPP MS-CIFS / MS-SMB Presentation Services X Window
IP NetBIOS System
Lightweight
MPEG2
Common Internet File System / Server
(DGM) 3270 SCS IPDS
Presentation Message Block Intelligent
Protocol Motion Picture Data SNA
Expert Group Printer
Stream Character Data
Stream
SMB/TCP Stream ALP
Presentation Layer NetBIOS SSH
Appliance Link
Protocol
• Application, system, and network independent data formatting SSN IP NBT Secure Shell (ALSP, ALRP, ALDP)
CGP
NetBIOS over Common Gateway
• Data conversion, compression, encryption, and decryption NetBios Protocol
(SSN) TCP/IP
XDR
External Data
Representation
LDAP TACACS/TACACS+
Lightweight DAP
Protocol

5
RTP/RTCP RPC
Real-Time Remote
SSL TLS Transport Protocol Procedure
Secure Transport RADIUS Protocol Real-Time Control Call Data
Sockets Layer Protocol Flow
Layer Security Control

Session Layer Diameter

• Establishes, manages, and terminates application connections Protocol
• Manages data transfer permissions and records upper layer errors

Transmission

C
Control
SLP ISNS
Internet Storage Name Server

4
UDP UDP User Datagram Protocol UDP

Transport Layer
TCP TCP Transmission Control Protocol TCP
SCTP Stream Control Transmission Protocol SCTP SCTP
Transport Layer L2FP L2TP PPP
• End-to-end connection and connectionless data delivery management Layer 2 Forwarding Layer 2 Tunneling Point-to-Point
Protocol Protocol Tunneling Protocol
• Ensures reliable packet delivery caused by network congestion & errors
• Congestion avoidance and data transmission flow control
From
PPP

B
IGMP ICMP Multicast Routing Protocols - TCP Based GRE SCSI HPR APPN
Internet MPLS LDP RSVP-TE Internet Control IP-SEC IP In IP Generic Routing Small Computer
Group Mgmt. Multi-Protocol Label Distribution Resource Message Protocol MSDP MBGP Internet IP IP Encapsulated
DiffServ Encapsulation System Interface
High Advanced
Label Switching Protocol Reservation Differentiated Services Performance Peer-to-Peer
Protocol Multicast Source Multi-Protocol BGP Security in IP Routing Networking
Protocol-Traffic Discovery Protocol
Engineering

Internet Layer
IP IP Internet Protocol Path Control DLSw
Data-Link
SSP
Switch-to-Switch
IP
Switching Protocol
Routing Protocols Routing Protocols - IP Based Multicast Routing Protocols - IP Based GTP V2-C
SLIP CSLIP iSCSI FCIP
Cisco STUN Cisco RSRB MOSPF PIM-SM Serial Line Compressed GPRS Tunneling FCoE Internet Small Fibre Channel
Serial Tunneling Remote Source Route RIP EGP NHRP NSIS BGP OSPF IP Slip Protocol Version 2 Fibre Channel

3
Multicast OSPF Protocol Independent Computer Over IP
of SDLC Header Bridging Protocol (TCP/IP) Routing Exterior Next Hop Next Stop Border Open Multicast-Spare Mode Over Ethernet
Information Gateway Routing in Gateway Shortest System
Protocol Protocol Protocol Signaling Protocol Path First GTP V2 Interface
DCAP GPRS Tunneling
Data Link Switching DVMRP PIM-DM Routing Protocols - UDP Based Protocol Version 2 FC
Client Access Protocol LMP LACP GGP VRRP GDP Distance Vector Protocol Independent Fibre Channel
Link Management Link Aggregation Gateway- Virtual Router Gateway Discovery Multicast Routing Multicast-Dense Mode GDP RIP
Cisco XOT Protocol Control Panel to-Gateway Redundancy Protocol Protocol Protocol Gateway Routing Information
X.25 Over TCP Protocol Discovery Protocol Protocol
PGM IGMP
Network Layer Pragmatic General Internet Group
• Logical addressing, routing, and packet generation ARP Cisco Protocols Multicast Protocol Management Protocol
Cisco HSRP
Address RSRB IGP IGRP EIGRP PAGP Hot Standby Router
• Carries out congestion control and error handling Resolution BIDIR-PIM From
Remote Source Internet Gateway Interior Gateway Enhanced IGRP Port Aggregation TCP
• Route monitoring and message forwarding Protocol Route Bridging Routing Protocol Routing Protocol Protocol Bi-Directional Protocol Independent Multicast
Protocol

IEEE 802.3
PPPoE
Point-to-Point
Over Ethernet

IEEE 802.3
A

Network Access Layer

Ethernet V.2 Ethernet V.2
Internetwork Internetwork
IEEE Products
Virtual LAN CGMP LLDP IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) SNAP PPP
802.1q MVRP MMRP Cisco Group Link Layer Sub-Network Access Protocol Point-to-Point

2
VLAN Multiple VLAN Multiple MAC Management Protocol Discovery Protocol
Tagging Registration Protocol Registration Protocol (IEEE 802.1AB) GFP VC LCAS

Mux/demux
802.2 Logical Link Control

Inter faces
Native
Type 1 Generic Virtual Link
Cisco Products CDP Frame Concatenation Capacity
Cisco Connectionless Service
Procedure Adjustment
ISL DISL VTP DRIP Discovery
Inter-Switch Dynamic VLAN Trunk Duplicate Protocol Scheme
Link Protocol Inter-Switch Protocol Ring
Data Link Layer Link Protocol Protocol
• Performs error detection and correction of the data streams
• Manages flow and link control between the physical signaling and network
IEEE 802.11
• Constructs and synchronizes data frame packets WLAN, DSSS, OFDM

LAN 100BASE-TX 10GBASE-CX4 1000BASE-LX 40GBASE-LR4 100GBASE-ER4 1000BASE-SX 50GBASE-SR* 802.11a-54 Mbps DOCSIS Cable DSL Modem
WAN PDH SONET/SDH

1
Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy
IEEE Copper

Modem OC-1 51.840 kbps OC-48 2.488 Gbps

IEEE 802.11
(Single Mode)

1000BASE-T 25GBASE-T 1000BASE-LX10 40GBASE-ER4 200GBASE-FR4* 10GBASE-SR 100GBASE-SR10 802.11b-11 Mbps DDS-64 kbps E3-34.368 Mbps
(Multi-Mode)
IEEE Optical

DSL Bridge
IEEE Optical

OC-3 155.52 Mbps OC-96 4.976 Gbps

DOCSIS Bridge
Twisted Pair DS1-1.544 Mbps DS3-44.736 Mbps
2.5GBASE-T 40GBASE-T 1000BASE-BX10 50GBASE-FR* 200GBASE-LR4* 10GBASE-LRM 100GBASE-SR2* 802.11g-54 Mbps Hybrid Fiber Coax PPPoE OC-12 622 Mbps OC-192 9.953 Gbps
(HFC) Physical Layer E1-2.048 Mbps E4-140 Mbps
•QAM
5GBASE-T 40GBASE-CR4 10GBASE-LR 50GBASE-LR* 400GBASE-DR4* 10GBASE-LX4 100GBASE-SR4 802.11n-600 Mbps •OFDM
DSL Access
10GBASE-T 100GBASE-CR10 10GBASE-ER 100GBASE-DR* 400GBASE-FR8* 25GBASE-SR 200GBASE-SR4* 802.11ac-1.3 Gbps Multiplexer
Physical Layer DOCSIS Cable
(DSLAM)
• Defines physical characteristics of cables and connectors 40GBASE-FR 100GBASE-LR4 40GBASE-SR4 400GBASE-SR16* Modem
Termination
• Provides the interface between network and network devices System (CMTS)
• Describes the electrical, light, or radio data-stream signaling *In the process of standards approval

To learn more, visit viavisolutions.com/enterprise

© 2017 Viavi Solutions Inc. All rights reserved. Observer and all associated logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of Viavi Solutions. All other trademarks, registered or unregistered, are property of their respective owners.
IP-PO-EC-AE 30186090 900 0517