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Biosensors :

Biosensors are devices used to detect the presence or concentration of a biological analyte, such
as a biomolecule, a biological structure or a microorganism. Biosensors consist of three parts: a
component that recognizes the analyte and produces a signal, a signal transducer, and a reader
device.

The general aim of the design of a biosensor is to enable quick, convenient testing at the point
of concern or care where the sample was procured.

Tunneling Effect :

Quantum tunnelling or tunneling is the quantum mechanical phenomenon where a subatomic


particle passes through a potential barrier. Quantum tunneling is not predicted by the laws of
classical mechanics where surmounting a potential barrier requires enough potential energy.

Tunnel FET :

The tunnel field-effect transistor (tunnel FET) is a transistor that is based on electron
tunneling and that, in principle, can switch on and off at lower voltages than the operation
voltage of the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET).

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