CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

 1. MAJOR CONCEPTS
 2. THE HEART
 CIRCULATION THROUGH THE
 HEART
 3. OVERVIEW OF CIRCULATION
 4. SYSTEMIC-PULMONIC
CIRCULATION
 5. BLOOD
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM p.2
 Circulatory system
contd.

 BLOOD TYPES

 THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
contd.

 MAJOR CONCEPTS
 1. In human beings, the blood,
kept in motion by the pumping
of the heart circulates through
the vessels.
 2. The heart is actually a
double pump: the right side
pumps blood to the lungs and
the left to the rest of the body
 CIRCULATION contd.

 3.Body cells are nourished by

the blood when exchange of
molecules takes place across
the thin walls of the capillaries.
 4. While the circulatory system
is very efficient, it is still
subject to various degenerative
illnesses, most of which can be
prevented or alleviated by
 CIRCULATION contd.

 5. Blood, which is composed of

cells and a fluid matrix called
plasma contains many organic
and inorganic molecules.
 6. Blood has three primary
functions: (a) transport (b)
clotting © fighting infection
 7. Blood transports nutrients to
and waste from the tissues.
 CIRCULATION contd.

 8. The process of clotting

requires a complicated series of
reactions aided by the
thrombocytes and normally
preventing the loss of blood
after injury.
 9. White cells, some of which
phagocytize invading microbes
 CIRCULATION contd.

 And gamma globulins which

combine with foreign proteins
(antigens) , in a specific
manner, are the body’s defense
against infection and disease.

 CIRCULATORY SYSTEM &

VESSELS (NEXT SLIDE)
 CIRCULATION contd.

 SYSTEM AND VESSELS

 A. Circulatory System
 1. Cardiovascular system
 (a) heart & blood vessels
 2. Lymphatic system
 B. VESSELS
 1. Veins (smallest-venules)
 blood to heart
 CIRCULATION contd.

 Arteries (smallest-arterioles)
 Capillaries (1 cell layer in
thickness)
 VEINS & ARTERIES-3 tunics
 (innermost - endothelium)
 Arteries are “muscular” &
elastic
 CIRCULATION contd.

 THE HEART
 A double pump with 4 chambers
and 4 valves. The right & left
sides of the heart are divided by
the intraventricular septum.
The valves prevent the blood
from flowing backwards. Their
opening and closing make the
“lup a dup” sound during heart
 CIRCULATION contd.

 THE HEART (CONTD.)

 1. Terms associated with the
valves.
 2. Primarily muscle (STRIATED
MUSCLE) Myocardium
 3Three Layered (pericardium;
myocardium; endocardium
 Furnished with oxygen &
nutrients by coronary artery
 CIRCULATION contd.

 IV CIRCULATION THROUGH THE

HEART (model & p.250)
 V HEART BEAT (Cardiac Cycle)
 VI FUNCTION OF VALVES
 VII BLOOD PRESSURE
 VIII OVERVIEW OF COMPLETE
PROCESS
 IX SYSTEMIC-PULMONIC CIR.
 CIRCULATION contd.

 X THE BLOOD
 1. Composition
 2. Functions
 3. Origin
 XI THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
 IX BLOOD TYPES (Handout)