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INDIA’S EVOLVING
SKILL DEVELOPMENT
LANDSCAPE
www.britishcouncil.in
OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
FOREWORD
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Skill India
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION Figure 1
EMPLOYABILITY VOCATIONAL
e.g.
• Problem solving
Occupational and technical
• Working in groups skills required to be, for
• Self-management example: car mechanic,
Vocational
• Critical thinking, communication dentist, teacher, nurse
Skills and collaboration
SKILLS
ENTERPRISE CORE
e.g. e.g.
Core Skills
• Creative thinking • Numeracy
• Commercial awareness • Literacy
• Networking; Financial literacy; • Communication
Leadership • IT awareness; Digital Literacy
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
Table 1
LEARNER ENROLMENTS AND PERCENTAGE BY TYPE OF
EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS²
ALL % MALE FEMALE
School 272,193,771 87% 145,414,857 126,778,914
HISTORY
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
Skill India
Skill India
Figure 2
Union Budget Ministry of Skill (first) National (modified) (first) National Apprenticeship
2016-17 Development Policy National Policy Industrial Labour Act
and on Skill on Education Training Policy
Entrepreneurship Development (NPE) Institute
established
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
CHAPTER 2
A 'YOUNG' NATION
SCHOOL SEGMENT
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
Table 2
UNEMPLOYMENT AND EDUCATIONAL LEVELS
Aspiring Minds
HIGHER EDUCATION AND
GRADUATES
Figure 3
NUMBER OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS BY TYPE15
UNIVERSITIES
Central University 42
Higher
Education State Public University 310
Deemed University 127
State Private University 143
Central Open University 1
State Open University 13
Institution of National Importance 68
Institution under State Legislature Act 5
Others 3
Total 712
COLLEGES
STAND ALONE INSTITUTION
Total 36671
Diploma Level Technical 3541
PGDM 392
Diploma Level Nursing 2674
Diploma Level Teacher Training 4706
Institute under Ministries 132
Total 11445
The Hindu
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
Table 3
YOUNG WORKING POPULATION
PERCENTAGE OF WORKFORCE BY EDUCATIONAL LEVEL
Highest level of educational attainment % of workforce
Illiterate 21%
Figure 4
CHANGING PATTERNS OF EMPLOYMENT IN INDIA
Make In India
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
Figure 5
ILLUSTRATIVE HUMAN RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS ACROSS SELECT
SECTORS TILL 2022 (IN MILLION)19
0.9
Electronics and IT Hardware 4.2
1.4
Furniture and Furnishings 4.3
Figure 5 illustrates that, for example,
2.5
Leather and Leather Goods 7
2.2
in the Building and Construction
IT and ITeS 7.5
3.3 sector, the requirement of skilled
Gems and Jewellery 8
4.3
8.5
manpower was 25 million in 2008.
BFSI
0.3
17.6
However, by 2022, this requirement
Organised Retail 11
25 will shoot up to 58 million. Similar is
Real Estate Services 13
48 the estimated manpower
Auto and Auto Components 25
58 requirements in various other sectors.
Building and Construction Industry 35.3
61.6
Textiles and Clothing
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
2008 2022
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
Figure 6
INCREMENTAL HUMAN RESOURCE REQUIREMENT BY
STATES FROM 2012-202224
Maharashtra 15.52
Tamil Nadu 13.55
Uttar Pradesh 11.01
Uttaranchal 10.51
Andhra Pradesh 10.87
West Bengal 9.34
Karnataka 8.48
Madhya Pradesh 7.82
Gujrat 5.76
Rajasthan 4.24
Jharkhand 4.45
Rajasthan 4.24
Haryana 3.71
Kerala 3.15
Chattisgarh 3.04
Odisha 2.11
Punjab 1.61
Himachal Pradesh 1.24
Assam 1.23
Jammu & Kashmir 1.12
Delhi 0.34
Tripura 0.26
Meghalaya 0.25
Goa 0.23
The table shows that states like Uttar
Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Maharashtra, Manipur 0.23
Andhra Pradesh, Telengana and Tamil
Nadu would require anywhere Sikkim 0.15
between 10-16 million skilled Arunachal Pradesh 0.15
manpower between the year 2012-
2022 to drive the growth of its Mizoram 0.14
economy.
Nagaland 0.1
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
CHAPTER 3
Figure 7
UNION, STATE AND CONCURRENT
LISTS WITH EXAMPLES Figure 8
PRADHAN MANTRI KAUSHAL VIKAS YOJANA (PMKVY)
Example: defence,
Union List deployment of any
PMKVY is the flagship skills training scheme of the MSDE
(100 items) armed forces of the
Union, atomic energy
functions of the Union and mineral Objective of PMKVY
Government resources, Foreign
affairs etc. To enable and mobilise a large number of Indian youth to take up
outcome-based skill training, become employable and earn
Example: maintaining their livelihood.
law and order, police
State list (67 items) forces, healthcare,
Key Features of PMKVY
functions of the transport, land
policies, electricity in Targets aligned
State Governments state, village Direct Demand to national Supply side
administration, etc. Standards funds driven flagship perspective in
transfer targets programmes target fixation
and regions
Skill & Education is on Focussed
Variable Robust regime Enhanced
Concurrent list the concurrent list. Recognition of awareness
amount of for registration monitoring and
(52 items) Policy, process, Prior Learning building and
standards are central monetary of training Mentorship
(RPL) mobilisation
functions of both responsibility while reward providers activities support
Centre and State implementing and
training are state
government areas.
Figure 9
DEEN DAYAL UPADHYAYA GRAMIN KAUSHALYA YOJANA
(DDU-GKY)
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
Prime Minister's
Office
Deen Dayal
National Council Upadhyaya
All India Council
of Educational Grameen Kaushalya
for Technical
Research and Yojana (DDU GKY)
Education (AICTE)
Training (NCERT)
Secondary Polytechnics
Schools and Technical
Colleges Industrial
Training
Institutes
Connects to SSCs
Key
Certification,
Government of India Statutory or Policy, Regulatory, Organisational
assessment or
Government Bodies Capacity Building or Relationship
Training
Assessment relationship
organisations
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
National
National Skills National Skills
Directorate General of
Development Development
Training
Corporation (NSDC) Agency (NSDA)
National Council
for Vocational NSDC
Assessing Sector Skills
Training (NCVT) Training
Bodies Councils
Partners
Directorate of
Employment and
Training
Note Department name
State Skills
may vary by state] Development
Mission (SSDMs)
State
State Council
for Vocational
Training (SCVT)
[Note name may vary
by state]
Handicrafts & Tourism & Textiles & Earth Moving Food Furniture
Iron & Steel Logistics BFSI Sports
Carpets Hospitality Handicrafts & Infra. Processing and Fitting
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
TRAINING ORGANISATIONS
Privately-funded
Polytechnics
CAPACITY BUILDING
CERTIFICATION BODIES
Government funded programmes
ASSESSMENT BODIES
APPRENTICESHIPS
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
INDUSTRY BODIES
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
CHAPTER 4
POLICY INITIATIVES
Figure 11
NATIONAL POLICY FOR SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Connect the supply of
skilled resources with
national and global
demands
Foster entrepreneurship
including women
entrepreneurship
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
Figure 12
2016-17: UNION BUDGET AND HIGHLIGHTS
FOR SKILL INDIA
Transnational Skill
Standards in India Rs 1,700 crore will be used for setting up 1,500
multi-skill training institutes in the country and
scaling up Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana
proposal to set up National Board for Skill
Development Certification in partnership with
the industry and academia
India International
Skill Centers (IISC) proposal to exempt service tax on services
provided under Deen Dayal Upadhyay Grameen
Kaushalya Yojana and services provided by
Assessing Bodies empanelled by Ministry of Skill
Development and Entrepreneurship.
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
CHAPTER 5
UK ENGAGEMENT
STRATEGIC SUPPORT
Consultancy
National Skills Development
Corporation:
MARKETS
Individuals Seeking International
Training and Qualifications
Corporate Social Responsibility
(CSR)
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
RESEARCH ON OPPORTUNITIES TO
PARTNER IN INDIA
Skill Development
landscape in India: A perspective
for foreign service providers
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
Figure 13
ROLE OF UK ORGANISATIONS
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
BRITISH COUNCIL
www.britishcouncil.org.
twitter.com/britishcouncil
http://blog.britishcouncil.org
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OVERVIEW OF INDIA’S EVOLVING SKILL DEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE
ANNEXURE
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
AICTE:
MoRD:
QCI:
AITT: MSDE:
QP:
AHI:
MSME: RVTI:
ASSOCHAM:
CSR: RPL:
CSTARI: NCERT:
SSC
NCVT: TTTI:
CTI:
NIMI: TVET:
CII:
CTS:
NOS:
DDU GKY:
NPE:
DGT: NSDA:
FICCI:
NSDC:
FTIs:
NSDF:
GDP:
NSDCB:
ITI:
LMIS: NSQF:
MES-SDI: NSRD:
NVTI:
MHRD:
PMKVY:
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Leighton Ernsberger
Assistant Director - Skills, India
British Council
17 Kasturba Gandhi Marg
New Delhi 110 001
India
E: leighton.ernsberger@britishcouncil.org
www.britishcouncil.in