ECE 524: Session 32; Page 1/13

Transients in Power Systems Spring 2018

Extracting Symmetrical Components Data from ATP

and EMTDC Line Constants Program Results

Using ATP/ATPDraw (option 1)

 Use Bergeron transmission model from Lecture 30 (with a 60 Hz output frequency).
- Run the line constants program within LCC to generator an output file
- Note the file name that the line model is saved to.

- Two files will be created, one with an extension L30.pch and the other L30.lib
- The L30.lib file is the one read by ATP when executing the overall system model
ECE 524: Session 32; Page 2/13
Transients in Power Systems Spring 2018

 Now close the LCC window (if you made any changes it may rerun the case)
 Under the ATP pulldown menu of the main program window:
- Select View LIS file or press the <F5> key on your keyboard

 If you have run the ATPDraw case previously a text file will
be opened in the editor
 If you haven't run a case, there won't be an open file
 Now go to the file menu in the text editor program and
chose "Open"
 Change the file type to "Library files (*.lib)"

 Select the L30.lib file (choose the file you saved for the line
you are modeling
ECE 524: Session 32; Page 3/13
Transients in Power Systems Spring 2018

 Assuming your LCC case ran correctly, you should get the following file if you had an
untransposed Bergeron line
- The line modal parameters are in the lines starting "-1", "-2", etc
- The modal transformation matrix for the currents, "Ti" starts after the $VINTAGE, 0
- Note since I selected "Real Transformation Matrix" the imaginary parts of Ti are 0.
KARD 3 3 4 4 5 5
KARG 1 4 2 5 3 6
KBEG 3 9 3 9 3 9
KEND 8 14 8 14 8 14
KTEX 1 1 1 1 1 1
/BRANCH
$VINTAGE, 1
-1IN___AOUT__A 3.64219E-01 7.82535E+02 2.12364E+05-1.00000E+02 1 3
-2IN___BOUT__B 7.25364E-02 4.32512E+02 2.91389E+05-1.00000E+02 1 3
-3IN___COUT__C 7.17897E-02 3.81826E+02 2.93912E+05-1.00000E+02 1 3
$VINTAGE, 0
0.58866938 -0.70710678 -0.41186567
0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000
0.55401871 0.00000000 0.81285506
0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000
0.58866938 0.70710678 -0.41186567
0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000
$EOF
ARG, IN___A, IN___B, IN___C, OUT__A, OUT__B, OUT__C

From the above (units of length in km since units had been selected as Metric):

 1 ohm  2 ohm  2 ohm

Rm0  3.64219 10 Rm1  7.25364 10 Rm2  7.17897 10
km km km

2 2 2
Zm0  7.82535 10 ohm Zm1  4.32512 10 ohm Zm2  3.81826 10 ohm

5 km 5 km 5 km
νm0  2.12364 10 νm1  2.91389 10 νm2  2.93912 10
sec sec sec

 Recall that

Lm 1
Zm = and νm =
Cm Lm Cm

 Rearranging
2 1 1
Lm = Cm Zm then Cm = =
2 2 2
νm  L m νm  Cm Zm
ECE 524: Session 32; Page 4/13
Transients in Power Systems Spring 2018

2 1 1
or: Cm = then: Cm =
νm  Zm
2 2 νm Zm

1 nF
Cm0  Cm0  6.017
 νm0 Zm0 km

2 mH
Lm0  Cm0 Zm0 Lm0  3.685
km

1 nF
Cm1  Cm1  7.935
 νm1 Zm1 km

2 mH
Lm1  Cm1 Zm1 Lm1  1.484
km

1 nF
Cm2  Cm2  8.911
 νm2 Zm2 km

2 mH
Lm2  Cm2 Zm2 Lm2  1.299
km

 Current transformation matrix (only show the real part since the imaginary terms are 0)

 0.58866938 0.70710678 0.41186567 

Ti_untrans   0.55401871 0 0.81285506 
 0.58866938 0.70710678 0.41186567 
 

 1 0 0 
T
 Recall Te Ti = d 0 1 0  just let d = 1
0 0 1 
 
 1 0 0 
I   0 1 0 
0 0 1 
 
 0.575119 0.707107 0.391985 

Te_untrans  I Ti_untrans
T
 1
Te_untrans   0.582814 0 0.833002 
 0.575119 0.707107 0.391985 
 
ECE 524: Session 32; Page 5/13
Transients in Power Systems Spring 2018

As a check

 1 0 0 
T
Te_untrans Ti_untrans  0 1 0 
0 0 1 
 

Now we can find the ABC domain matrices for R, L and C per unit length, using equations (18)
and (19) from the lecture 21 handout

 Rm0 0 0 
  1
R'untran  Te_untrans  0 Rm1 0   Ti_untrans
 0 0 Rm2 


 0.1678 0.0986 0.0952 

ohm
R'untran   0.0986 0.1735 0.0986  
 0.0952 0.0986 0.1678  km
 

 Lm0 0 0 
  1
L'untran  Te_untrans  0 Lm1 0   Ti_untrans
 0 0 Lm2 


 2.1606 0.8109 0.6763 

mH
L'untran   0.8109 2.1531 0.8109  
 0.6763 0.8109 2.1606  km
 

 Cm0 0 0 
  1
C'untran  Ti_untrans   0 Cm1 0   Te_untrans
 0 0 Cm2 


 7.5642 1.0207 0.3705 

nF
C'untran   1.0207 7.7347 1.0207  
 0.3705 1.0207 7.5642  km
 
ECE 524: Session 32; Page 6/13
Transients in Power Systems Spring 2018

j  120deg
a  1 e 1 1 1 
 2 
A012   1 a a 
 2
1 a a 

Length  100km ω  2 π 60Hz

ZABC_untran   R'untran  j  ω L'untran  Length

 16.7769  81.4521i 9.8641  30.5714i 9.5232  25.4949i 

ZABC_untran   9.8641  30.5714i 17.353  81.1699i 9.8641  30.5714i  Ω
 9.5232  25.4949i 9.8641  30.5714i 16.7769  81.4521i 
 
1
Z012_untran  A012  ZABC_untran  A012

 36.4698  139.1165i 1.2312  1.0638i 1.5368  0.5344i 

Z012_untran   1.5368  0.5344i 7.2184  52.4788i 2.9948  1.7697i  Ω
 1.2312  1.0638i 3.03  1.7087i 7.2184  52.4788i 


Using ATP/ATPDraw (option 2)

 If all we want are the symmetrical components, and not the ABC matrices we can also select
that the line be transposed (using the Bergeron model):
 Now the Library file from ATPDraw's LCC program gives us
- The modal transformation matrix is assumed to be Bergeron now
- The modal values are the same as the symmetrical components expressed per unit length
KARD 3 3 4 4 5 5
KARG 1 4 2 5 3 6
KBEG 3 9 3 9 3 9
KEND 8 14 8 14 8 14
KTEX 1 1 1 1 1 1
/BRANCH
$VINTAGE, 1
-1IN___AOUT__A 3.64602E-01 7.83401E+02 2.12287E+05 1.00000E+02 1
-2IN___BOUT__B 7.21726E-02 4.06483E+02 2.92004E+05 1.00000E+02 1
-3IN___COUT__C
$VINTAGE, -1,
$EOF
ARG, IN___A, IN___B, IN___C, OUT__A, OUT__B, OUT__C

 1 ohm  2 ohm
R0b  3.64602 10 R1b  7.21726 10 R2b  R1b
km km
ECE 524: Session 32; Page 7/13
Transients in Power Systems Spring 2018

2 2
Zc0  7.83401 10 ohm Zc1  4.06483 10 ohm Zc2  Zc1

5 km 5 km
ν0  2.12287 10 ν1  2.92004 10
s s

1 nF
C0b  C0b  6.013
 ν0 Zc0 km

2 mH
L0b  C0b Zc0 L0b  3.69
km

1 nF
C1b  C1b  8.425
 ν1 Zc1 km

2 mH
L1b  C1b Zc1 L1b  1.392
km

Z0_trans   R0b  j  ω L0b  Length Z0_trans  ( 36.4602  139.1207i) Ω

Z1_trans   R1b  j  ω L1b  Length Z1_trans  ( 7.2173  52.4789i) Ω

 Compare to earlier result

Z012_untran  ( 36.47  139.12i) Ω

0 0

Z012_untran  ( 7.2184  52.4788i) Ω

1 1

 Percent Error
Z012_untran  Z1_trans
Z012_untran  Z0_trans 1 1
0 0  0.0022 %
 0.0073 % Z012_untran
Z012_untran 1 1
0 0

Using ATP/ATPDraw (option 3)

 As a final option, we can select the coupled-pi model instead of the Bergeron line model
 This gives the impedance matrix (multiplied times the length of the line segment)
 You don't need to select Matrix Output
KARD 5 5 6 6 8 8
KARG 1 4 2 5 3 6
KBEG 3 9 3 9 3 9
KEND 8 14 8 14 8 14
ECE 524: Session 32; Page 8/13
Transients in Power Systems Spring 2018

KTEX 1 1 1 1 1 1
/BRANCH
$UNITS, 60., 0.0
$VINTAGE, 1
$UNITS, 60., 0.0,

1IN___AOUT__A 1.68555974E+01 8.14217225E+01 7.56415560E-01

2IN___BOUT__B 9.82048936E+00 3.05887622E+01 -1.02071952E-01
1.71835144E+01 8.12356005E+01 7.73467197E-01
3IN___COUT__C 9.60195472E+00 2.54645456E+01 -3.70513091E-02
9.82048936E+00 3.05887622E+01 -1.02071952E-01
1.68555974E+01 8.14217225E+01 7.56415560E-01
$VINTAGE, -1,
$UNITS, -1., -1., { Restore values that existed b4 preceding $UNITS
$UNITS, -1., -1.
$EOF
ARG, IN___A, IN___B, IN___C, OUT__A, OUT__B, OUT__C

 Result is the lower triangular parts of the R, L and C matrix (multiplied times length of the line)
 Matrix is symmetric

 1.68555974 101 9.82048936 9.60195472 

Rpi   9.82048936 
1   ohm
 1.71835144 10 9.82048936 
 9.60195472 1.68555974 10 
1
 9.82048936

Compare to the initial results for the untransposed Bergeron line

 16.7769 9.8641 9.5232 

R'untran Length   9.8641 17.353 9.8641   ohm So there is some noticeable
 9.5232 9.8641 16.7769  difference.
 

 Now look at the inductance matrix (the pi model in ATPDraw gives the result in ohms, not mH

 8.14217225 101 3.05887622 101 2.54645456 101 

XL_pi   3.05887622 101 8.12356005 101 3.05887622 101   ohm
 
 2.54645456 10 3.05887622 10 8.14217225 10 
1 1 1
 

 81.4521 30.5714 25.4949 

L'untran Length ω   30.5714 81.1699 30.5714  Ω Again there are differences
 25.4949 30.5714 81.4521 
 
ECE 524: Session 32; Page 9/13
Transients in Power Systems Spring 2018

  Rpi  j  XL_pi  A012

1
Z012_pi  A012

 36.4602  139.1211i 1.3344  0.9808i 1.5166  0.6653i 

Z012_pi   1.5166  0.6653i 7.2173  52.479i 2.994  1.7706i  Ω
 1.3344  0.9808i 3.0304  1.7076i 7.2173  52.479i 
 

 36.4698  139.1165i 1.2312  1.0638i 1.5368  0.5344i 

Z012_untran   1.5368  0.5344i 7.2184  52.4788i 2.9948  1.7697i  Ω
 1.2312  1.0638i 3.03  1.7087i 7.2184  52.4788i 


 Percent Error
Z012_untran  Z012_pi
0 0 0 0  So while the error is visible visually
 0.0074 %
Z012_untran looking at the matrices, the percent error
0 0 is very small
 In both cases here it is close to what we
Z012_untran  Z012_pi observed with the Bergeron line case
1 1 1 1
 0.0023 %  Error would be even smaller if we had
Z012_untran used the full transformation matrix for
1 1
the untransposed line, instead of just the
real part

 Now look at the capacitance matrix (the pi model in ATPDraw gives the result in uF)

 7.56415560 10 1 1.02071952 10 1 3.70513091 10 2 

 0.7564 0.1021 0.0371 
Cpi   1.02071952 10 1 7.73467197 10 1 1.02071952 10 1  μF Cpi   0.1021 0.7735 0.1021   μF
   0.0371 0.1021 0.7564 
 3.70513091 10 2 1.02071952 10 1 7.56415560 10 1   
 
 0.7564 0.1021 0.0371 
C'untran Length   0.1021 0.7735 0.1021   μF Even better match than the series impedance
 0.0371 0.1021 0.7564 
 
ECE 524: Session 32; Page 10/13
Transients in Power Systems Spring 2018

Using PSCAD/EMTDC
 Again, use the line modelled in lecture 30
 Enter the mode to edit the line constants data

 Notice the 5 tabs at the bottom of the window above

- By default, we are normally in the Editor
 Choose the one labelled Output
 Result is a table with various matrix outputs....
=====================================================
PSCAD LINE CONSTANTS PROGRAM OUTPUT FILE (*.out)

NOTE: This file is auto-generated. Any manual

changes will be lost once the Line Constants
Program is re-run.
=====================================================

Display Format: M,N denotes a complex number M + jN

-----------------------------------------------------
PHASE DOMAIN DATA @ 60.00 Hz:
ECE 524: Session 32; Page 11/13
Transients in Power Systems Spring 2018

-----------------------------------------------------

SERIES IMPEDANCE MATRIX (Z) [ohms/m]:

0.171166117E-03,0.817350229E-03 0.992600162E-04,0.292914072E-03 0.992600162E-04,0.292914072E-03
0.992600162E-04,0.292914072E-03 0.171166117E-03,0.817350229E-03 0.992600162E-04,0.292914072E-03
0.992600162E-04,0.292914072E-03 0.992600162E-04,0.292914072E-03 0.171166117E-03,0.817350229E-03

SHUNT ADMITTANCE MATRIX (Y) [mhos/m]:

0.100000000E-10,0.286420166E-08 0.000000000E+00,-.299755139E-09 0.000000000E+00,-.299755139E-09
0.000000000E+00,-.299755139E-09 0.100000000E-10,0.286420166E-08 0.000000000E+00,-.299755139E-09
0.000000000E+00,-.299755139E-09 0.000000000E+00,-.299755139E-09 0.100000000E-10,0.286420166E-08

LONG-LINE CORRECTED SERIES IMPEDANCE MATRIX [ohms]:

0.169585888E+02,0.814106712E+02 0.980814972E+01,0.291091223E+02 0.980814972E+01,0.291091223E+02
0.980814972E+01,0.291091223E+02 0.169585888E+02,0.814106712E+02 0.980814972E+01,0.291091223E+02
0.980814972E+01,0.291091223E+02 0.980814972E+01,0.291091223E+02 0.169585888E+02,0.814106712E+02

LONG-LINE CORRECTED SHUNT ADMITTANCE MATRIX [mhos]:

0.109674787E-05,0.286912075E-03 0.337912478E-07,-.299214282E-04 0.337912478E-07,-.299214282E-04
0.337912478E-07,-.299214282E-04 0.109674787E-05,0.286912075E-03 0.337912478E-07,-.299214282E-04
0.337912478E-07,-.299214282E-04 0.337912478E-07,-.299214282E-04 0.109674787E-05,0.286912075E-03

-----------------------------------------------------
MODAL DOMAIN DATA @ 60.00 Hz:
-----------------------------------------------------

YZ EIGENVECTOR (MODAL TRANSFORMATION) MATRIX (TI):

0.816496581E+00,0.000000000E+00 0.577350269E+00,-.194289029E-15 -.155465040E+00,-.153988330E+00
-.408248290E+00,0.832667268E-16 0.577350269E+00,-.166533454E-15 -.599143067E+00,0.153988330E+00
-.408248290E+00,-.277555756E-16 0.577350269E+00,0.000000000E+00 0.754608107E+00,0.000000000E+00

YZ EIGENVALUE VECTOR:
0.104885172E+01,-.147188163E+00 0.200722264E+01,-.538319081E+00 0.104885172E+01,-.147188163E+00

MODAL IMPEDANCE MATRIX [ohms/m]:

0.719061007E-04,0.524436157E-03 0.000000000E+00,-.162630326E-18 0.852154982E-04,-.113416505E-03
0.000000000E+00,0.000000000E+00 0.369686149E-03,0.140317837E-02 -.182959117E-18,0.216840434E-18
0.852154982E-04,-.113416505E-03 -.216840434E-18,0.325260652E-18 0.136746089E-03,0.464868158E-03

MODAL ADMITTANCE MATRIX [mhos/m]:

-.229253863E-09,0.311200526E-08 0.000000000E+00,0.000000000E+00 -.770689879E-09,0.490521769E-09
0.000000000E+00,0.000000000E+00 0.100000000E-10,0.226469139E-08 0.000000000E+00,0.000000000E+00
-.770689879E-09,0.490521769E-09 0.000000000E+00,0.000000000E+00 -.755089746E-09,0.332411939E-08

MODAL CHARACTERISTIC IMPEDANCE VECTOR (Z0) [ohms]:

0.409606561E+03,-.431252754E+02 0.794047832E+03,-.101064497E+03 0.364862789E+03,-.950045140E+02

MODAL TRAVEL TIME VECTOR [ms]:

0.342450354E+00 0.476738722E+00 0.342450354E+00

MODAL VELOCITY VECTOR [m/s]:

0.292013131E+09 0.209758501E+09 0.292013131E+09
ECE 524: Session 32; Page 12/13
Transients in Power Systems Spring 2018

----------------------------------------------------
SEQUENCE COMPONENT DATA @ 60.00 Hz:
-----------------------------------------------------

SEQUENCE TRANSFORM MATRIX:

0.577350269E+00,0.000000000E+00 0.577350269E+00,0.000000000E+00 0.577350269E+00,0.000000000E+00
0.577350269E+00,0.000000000E+00 -.288675135E+00,-.500000000E+00 -.288675135E+00,0.500000000E+00
0.577350269E+00,0.000000000E+00 -.288675135E+00,0.500000000E+00 -.288675135E+00,-.500000000E+00

SEQUENCE IMPEDANCE MATRIX (Zsq) [ohms/m]:

0.369686149E-03,0.140317837E-02 0.000000000E+00,0.000000000E+00 0.000000000E+00,0.000000000E+00
0.000000000E+00,0.000000000E+00 0.719061007E-04,0.524436157E-03 0.000000000E+00,0.000000000E+00
0.108420217E-18,0.000000000E+00 0.000000000E+00,0.000000000E+00 0.719061007E-04,0.524436157E-03

SEQUENCE ADMITTANCE MATRIX (Ysq) [mhos/m]:

0.100000000E-10,0.226469139E-08 0.000000000E+00,0.000000000E+00 0.000000000E+00,0.000000000E+00
0.000000000E+00,0.000000000E+00 0.100000000E-10,0.316395680E-08 0.000000000E+00,0.000000000E+00
0.000000000E+00,0.000000000E+00 0.000000000E+00,0.000000000E+00 0.100000000E-10,0.316395680E-08

-----------------------------------------------------
LOAD FLOW RXB FORMATTED DATA @ 60.00 Hz:
-----------------------------------------------------

Per-Unit Quantities Based On: Base Voltage: 230.00 kV,L-L,RMS

Base MVA: 100.00 MVA

NOTE: Base values are set using Output File Data

Display Options component in Editor view.

LONG-LINE CORRECTED SEQUENCE RESISTANCE RLLsq [p.u.]:

+ Seq. Self: 0.135168981E-01
0 Seq. Self: 0.691396753E-01

LONG-LINE CORRECTED SEQUENCE REACTANCE XLLsq [p.u.]:

+ Seq. Self: 0.988687124E-01
0 Seq. Self: 0.263948801

LONG-LINE CORRECTED SEQUENCE SUSCEPTANCE BLLsq [p.u]:

+ Seq. Self: 0.167604923
0 Seq. Self: 0.120119616

SEQUENCE RESISTANCE Rsq [p.u.]:

+ Seq. Self: 0.135928357E-01
0 Seq. Self: 0.698839602E-01

SEQUENCE REACTANCE Xsq [p.u.]:

+ Seq. Self: 0.991372698E-01
0 Seq. Self: 0.265251110

SEQUENCE SUSCEPTANCE Bsq [p.u.]:

+ Seq. Self: 0.167373315
0 Seq. Self: 0.119802174
ECE 524: Session 32; Page 13/13
Transients in Power Systems Spring 2018

From the sequence impedance matrix we get:


Z0_pscad  0.369686149 10
3 
 2 ohm
 j  0.140317837 10
m

Z0_pscad Length  ( 36.9686  140.3178i) Ω


Z1_pscad  0.719061007 10
4 
 3 ohm
 j  0.524436157 10
m
Z1_pscad Length  ( 7.1906  52.4436i) Ω

 Comparison of results

Z012_untran  Z0_pscad Length

0 0
 0.9045 %
Z012_untran
0 0

Z012_untran  Z1_pscad Length

1 1
 0.0847 %
Z012_untran
1 1

 Closer match in the positive seqence than in zero sequence

 Possible sources of error
- PSCAD/EMTDC used the imaginary part of the transformation matrix (but that
should not cause this much error
- The two programs model the effect of the earth somewhat differently.