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aal al a i aal al a i aal al a i aal al a i ala
dasas dasas dasas dasas dasas
s aslaalia. i.O s as laalia. i.O s as laalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O saasla
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CONTENTS
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . Orgrg i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d adsaasa l
d adsaasa l
d a
d saasa l
d adsaasa l
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d saasla
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Text wPage
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No.
i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O – i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
a i a i PART I a i (20 x 1 = 20
a i
Marks)
d a
d saaslala 1-3 d a
Synonyms
d saaslala d a
d saaslala 6, 39, d a
71dsaaslala 1 d a
d saasla
a
.P.Pa a
P.Pa
.Antonyms a
.P.Pa a
.P.P71 a a
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i . O . rgrg
O Prefix and suffix
i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O 7, 147
i . O . rgrg 4
O
l
asala a i l a
al a i
assubstitution l
asal a a i 148 asaasal l a a i asla
d a sa One word
d a sa d a sa d
5
d a sa
a ad
.P.P a ad
P.P
.Abbreviations and Acronyms a ad
.P.P .P.P
139, ad
a145 5 w.P.Pa ad
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www www Phrasal verbs www www 7, 118 ww6 w
7-20rgrg Common Idiomsrg g rgrg 109, 117 rgrg 7
i . O
i . O i . O
i . O r i . O
i . O i . O
i . O
saaslaala aslaala saaslaala
6, 39, 71, 148alaala
saasla
Confusables/Homophones 8
d a
d d a
d sawords d a
d d adsas d a
d
aa
.P.P aa
Foreign
P.P
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.P.P .P.P aa
- 10 aa
.P.P
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w wwww verbs and semi w ww
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modals w
12,w13,
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11 ww
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Prepositions 43, 44, 45, 46, 216 13
r gr g rg r g r gr g r gr g
s a laalia.O i.O Question Tags
s a laalia.Oi.O
s a laalia.Oi.O 79, 80, 81, 217alaalia.O
s
i.O 15
saasla
d a a s d a s
(Topics
a for testing – learnt
d a a s lower classes) dadas
from d a
aa
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r rg
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Singular Plural
a i . O
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r rg
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a i . O
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18
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laalia.Oi.O
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wwww Write
Analogy
an article
Collocationai.O
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r
lai
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laalia.Oi.O
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147
149
50
laalia.O
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i.O 109r g
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107
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s as s as s as s as saasla
sa
a d a
d a a d a
Functional
d a Stress
a d a
d a 180da
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a d a
d
ww.P.Pa ww P.Pa
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a 220
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156, w
112
rgrg Slogan WritingOrgrg rgrg 158, 159 rgrg 114
da
l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. i . O l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O
a saasal Punctuation
a saasal a saasal 224 sasal
a a
114
a saasla
d
a ad d
a adskills d
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Pa
questions
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P .P.Paa aa
.P.P .P.Paa aa
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i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P .P.Paa aa
.P.P .P.Paa aa
.P.P
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i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
a i a i a i a i
d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saasla
a
.P.Pa a
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i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l
asala a i l
asala a i l
asala a i l
asala a i asla
d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa d a s a
a ad
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i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l
d a
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dadsaasa l
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i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . Orgrg i .O . rgrg
O
aal al a i aal al a i aal al a i aal a l a i ala
dasas dasas dasas dasas dasas
s as laalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O saasla
d
aa ad a d
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d a aad a
d a aad a
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d
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i .O . rgrg
O i .O . Orgrg i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d adsaasa l
d a
d saasa l Synonyms
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
a a Lesson – 1 .P.P
.P.P aa .P.Paa aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
w ww
w Brisk w–ww active/ energetic ww
w ww wwww wwww
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Cautious – careful/alert
i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
a i – a i a i a i
saaslala saaslala saaslala saaslala
Disapprove deny/refuse
d a
d d a
d d a
d d a
d d a
d saasla
a – a a a a
ww.P.Pa Eager
ww.P.Pa keen/anxious
ww.P.Pa ww.P.Pa ww.P.Pa
ww
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Humbleg
i . O . r rg –
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modest/simple
i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
l a a
Nobility
asal i – l a a
dignity/virtue
asal i l
asala a i l
asala a i asla
d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa
a ad Persuade
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.a aconvince .P.Pa ad a ad
.P.P a ad
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Scarce g g – deficient/insufficient
i . O . rr
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d
artless
saasa l -
d
innocent,
a
d saasa l guileless
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
a a chatter
.P.P - .PP
.a aa series of short, quick aa
.Phigh–pitched
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.P.P aa
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behavior ww ww
desertedg g - uninhabited ,gunoccupied
i . O . rr
O i .O . r rg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l
emigrate -
d
take
a
d
up
saasa lcitizenship of another
d a
d
l
country
saasa d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
a a hawk
.P.P - .P.P a avend .P.Paa aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
ww w w w w ww ww
w
ww w intrude
rubble rg g -
a i . O
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raise a i
one’s . i .
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enter without permission
debris, broken
O O
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rgrgbricks
shoulders
w
a i . O
i . rgrg
O
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a i . O
i . rgrg
O
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saaslala
shrug -
saaslala slightly
saaslala
and momentarily
saaslala saasla
sa
a d a
d a d a
d a d a
d a d a
d a d a
d
ww.P.Pa slackened -
ww.P.Pa reduced
ww.P.Pa ww.P.Pa ww.P.Pa
ww
ww tunic ww w-w garment ww ww wwww wwww
vestibule rgrg - lobby rgrg rgrg rgrg
da
l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O
a saasal
vexation -
a aasal
annoyance
s a saasal a saasal a saasla
d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad
w .P.P
w w .P.P
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Civilization - a society in an
i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrgadvanced state of isocial
O . O . rgrgdevelopment
O i .O . rgrg
O
Disputes
l a a i - conflicts
l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d
a l
saasLiable - d a saasa l
responsible
d / likely d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P .P.Paa .P.Paa .P.Paa .P.Paa
w ww
w Stimulated ww w-w motivated / excitement w ww
w / encouragement ww ww wwww
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i .O . rgrg
O -
i . i.O rgrg
arguable /Odisputable
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l
Cookery -
d a
d saasa
food l
preparation
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
a a Curious
.P.P -.P.Pa ainteresting .P.Paa .P.Paa .P.Paa
w ww
w w w-w
w w ww
w wwww wwww
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/ suspended ww ww
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i .
EtiquetteO . rgrg
O - socially i . O . rgrg behaviour / decorum
O
acceptable i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
a
lala i a i a i a i
d a
d saasMysterious - d a saaslala
incomprehensible
d / secretive
d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saasla
a
.P.Pa Optimistic w-w a
.P.Papositive / hopeful ww a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa
wwww w w w w wwww www
w
ww Rationing w - w w
restricting the consumptionw ww
/ controlled distribution ww
Virtuesrgrg - admirable qualitiesrgrg / merits rgrg rgrg
l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O l a ia.Oi . O
a saasal a saasal a saasal a s aasal a s aasla
d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad
w .P.P
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i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
dad saasa l
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O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . Orgrg i .O . rgrg
O
aa l al a i aal al a i aal al a i aal al a i ala
dasas dasas dasas dasas dasas
s as laalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O saasla
d
aa ad a d
aa ad a aad a
d a aad a
d a aad a
d
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w2.wANTONYMS w
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i .O . rgrg x rare
O i .O . Orgrg i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
a
Prevalent
l a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d ad
a l
saasIntrepid d adsaasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P
x aa
fearful
.P.P aa
.P.P aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
w ww
w Malignant wxwbenign
w w w ww
w w ww
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ww ww ww ww ww
wages, premises
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singular,
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rphysics, i . rgrg
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d ad
l
saasa mechanics, dynamics,
economics,
d a
d
l
saaspolitics,
a
d a
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aa
.P.P .P.Paa aa
.P.P
statistics, ethics, gymnastics, a anews, innings,
.P.P aa
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w w www w ww
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ww ww ww phonetics, luggage, wwbaggage, breakage, ww
rgrg rgrg advice, furniture, rgrginformation, scenery, rgrg
a
lalai . O
i . O a i . O
i . O a i . Oi . O a i . Oi . O
saaslala saaslala saaslala saasla
poetry, work, food, bread, fish, machinery
d a
d saasCompound word d a
d d ad
Daughter-in-law – d a
d
daughters-in-law d a
d
a
.P.Pa a
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.P.P a a
.P.Pa a
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ww ww ww ww ww
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wrunners-up
w ww
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Governor-general – Governors-general
. O r
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asall a ia i . l
asala ia i . l
asala ia i . l
asala a i asla
a sa a sa a s
Passer-by
a – passers-bya sa a s a
d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad
– men-servants
d
a ad
w .P.P
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i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
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d a
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O i .O . Orgrg i .O . rgrg
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aa l al a i aal al a i aal al a i aal al a i ala
dasas dasas dasas dasas dasas
s as laalia. i.O s as laalia. i.O s as laalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O saasla
d
aa ad a aad a
d a aad a
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l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d adsaasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
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.P.P aa
.P.P Cause and
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rcountry i . O . rgrg
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a i a i a i a i
d a
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to attend
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i . O . rgrg
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l
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justa a i
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d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa
a ad Because (conjunction)
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a Because of, owingasaasomething
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d a
d
l
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a
d a
d
l Contrast
saastoaintroduce a statement and compare
d a
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sa contrasts with something d a
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a i .
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a sa
Despite
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a
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d
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a ad
have happened to prevent d
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a i O
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Instead (Adverb)
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somebody/something
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sa
a d a
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a ad
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l a ia. O
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i . O
a saasal a saaThey
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d
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In addition
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rgrg rgrg rgrg
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.P.Pa .P.Paa a
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leader.
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l
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airresponsible. l
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aa l al a i aa l a l a i aa l al a i aa l al a i ala
dasas dasas dasas dasas dasas
s as laalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O saasla
d
aa ad a aa d a
d a aad a
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d a aad a
d
ww.P.P ww .P.P w .P.P
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w
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neighborhood; furthermore, it has easy access to the highway.
i .O . rgrg
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rcold i .O . rgrg he was hungry.i.O.O
O rgrg
l a a i Hel awas
a i and tired, and, furthermore,
l a a i l a a i
d ad
a l
saasBesides (Adverb, d a
d saaIn l
saaddition to; moreover d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P .P.Paa aa
.Pbesides
.P aa
.P.P aa
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w ww
w preposition) ww ww She knows French w ww
w Spanish. w ww
w w ww
w
ww ww She knows w w hundred words besideswnumerous
four w proper nouns. ww
i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
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O
a i a i a i a i
d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saasla
a
.P.Pa Adverbs: a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa
wwww wwww wwww ww ww wwww
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Meanwhile : in the meantime Meanwhile we had little chat.
. O r
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another possibility.aia.O rgrg
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l ia .
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a i : It is used to propose
asal You can play football. l a ia i .
asalAlternatively, you can l i .
asatol the cinema with me. l
asala ia i . asla
d a sa d a sa d a sago d a sa d a sa
a ad
.P.P P.P
.take d
a athe .P.Pagoadby car. a ad
.P.P a ad
.P.P
w w w We could
w w w train or alternatively w w w w w w w w w
www Subsequently: wwwmeans "following closely wwwin time or order."; afterwards; www following that; www
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rHe .O rgrg
chairman
O
of the party.
.O rgrg
O .O rgrg
O
l a ia i . l a ia i . l a ia i . l a ia i .
d a
d saasa l He apologized
d a
d
l
subsequently.
saasa d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
a a Consequently: means
.P.P .P.Pa a“as a result of” .P.Paa aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
w ww
w w w
w w w w
w w w w
w w w w
w w
ww We w w late for the meeting; consequently,
were ww we missed the wwreading of the minutes. ww
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g or opposite the other idea
i O r
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. i. before. i O
. i. r
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i O
. i. r
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i .O . rgrg
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mentioned
l a a l a a l a a l a a i
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d
l
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d saasnot l
a come to the party; aconversely,
d d saasa l
she came to d
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d a
l
asa with her
sparty d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P .P.Paa .P.Paa aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
ww ww ww ww ww
w
ww w mother.
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a
lalai . O
i . rgrg
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www w
meanwhile:
a i . O
i
lai
. rgrg
O
www w
correspondingly:
a i . O
i . rgrg
O
www w
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a i . i . rgrg
w
ww w
saasconversely: saaslala
eventually: finally:saslala saaslala
similarly: saasla
sa
a d a
d a d a
d a d a
d a a d a
d a d a
d
.P.Pa Especially: ww .PPain particular: .P.Pa .P.Pa .P.Pa
ww
ww
ww
wwww . wwwwww
wwww ww ww
ww
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Such as – for example ('Such as' is used in the middle of the sentence, followed by two
rgrg rgrg rgrg rgrg
da
i
nouns.)
l a a. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O
a sa al
asChildren should avoid a sa
eating
l
asajunk food such as a s
burgersa
l
asaand chips. a saasal a saasla
d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad
w .P.P
w Cartoon characters w .P.P
w such as Mickey Mouse w .P.P
w
and Snoopy are still popular. w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
w
www w
www w
www w
www w
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For instance
i .O . rgrg / For example –i.for
O O . O grg
rexample (use at the start ofrg
i .O .
argsentence)
Oavoid i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l
Children should eat less
d a
d saasa
junk l
food. For example,
d a
d saasa
they l
should eating saasa
burgers
d a
d
l
and
d a
d saasla
a a chips.
.P.P .P.Paa .P.Paa aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w
ww ww ww ww ww
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P .P.Paa .P.Paa aa
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.P.P
w ww
w w ww
w w ww
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w
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i . O . rgrg
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a i a i a i a i
d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saasla
a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa
wwww wwww wwww ww ww wwww
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i . O . rgrg
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O i . O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
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l
asal a a i l
asala a i l
asala a i l
asala a i asla
d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa d a s a
a ad
.P.P .P.Pa ad .P.Pa ad a ad
.P.P a ad
.P.P
w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w
www www www www www
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l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l
d a
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aa l al a i aal al a i aal al a i aal al a i ala
dasas dasas dasas dasas dasas
s as laalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O saasla
d
aa ad a aad a
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l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d adsaasPoetry
a l
Appreciationd a
d saasa l
Questions:- d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
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rgrg rgrg Unit – III rgrg rgrg
a i . O
i . O a i . O
i . O a i . O
i . O a i . O
i . O
d a
d saaslala Poem: All d a
d sathe
aslalaWorld’s a Stage
d a
d saasla–la William Shakespeare
d a
d saaslala d a
d saasla
a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa
wwww w ww
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Answer the questions given below. Text Page No: 91,
92aia . O . rgrg
O i . O . Orgrg i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
l
asal i l
asala a i l
asala a i l
asala a i asla
d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa
a ad 1) What is the world
.P.P .P.P d
a acompared to? a ad
.P.P .P.Pa ad a ad
.P.P
w w w w w w w w w w w w w ww
www The world is ww w
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2)a“And
i .O . rgrthey
O g have their exits .and
i O . Orgtheir
rg entrances” - What i .O . Ogrgthe words ‘exits’ and
rdo i .O . rgrg
O
l a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d
a l
saas‘entrances’ mean? d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P aa
.P.P aa
.P.P .P.Paa aa
.P.P
w ww
w ‘Exits’ meanswdeath ww
w and ‘entrance’ means w w
w w
birth. w ww
w wwww
ww ww ww ww ww
3) Whatgis the first stage of a human’s life?
i .O . r rg
O i .O . Orgrg i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
saasla
Infant
l is the first stage of human l life. l l
d a
d saasa d a
d saasa d a
d saasa d a
d saasa d a
d
a a 4) Describe the second
.P.P a a stage of life as depicted
.P.P a aby Shakespeare. .P.P
.P.P aa aa
.P.P
ww ww ww ww ww
w
ww w The secondwstage
interest.rgrg
a i . O
i . O
w w
w of life is the school boy.
a i . O
i
lai
. Orgrg
w w
a i . i . O
w w
ww Like a snail, he moveswtowthe school without
O rgrg
a i . O
i . rgrg
O
ww ww
The
l a ia. O .
fourth
i O l a ia. O
i . O l a ia .
and
i O in his pursuit
l a ia. O
i . O
of
a sa al He endangers hisalife
asglory. sa al the fame.
asfor a saasal a saasal a saasla
d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad
w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w w.P.P ww.P.P
w
www 7) When does www w a man become a judge? w w
wwHow? w
www wwww
Pa
Jealous
a i . O
i . rgin
O
ww w
...................
a i . O
i . rgrg
O
www w
ii.
l a ia. O
i
Explain. O ‘bubble reputation’.l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O
a saasal a sa asal a saasal a saasal a saasla
d
a ad Reputation is as d
a ad
short-lived as the life of a bubble.d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad
w .P.P
w w wP.P
.distinguishing w .Pthis
w .P w .P.P
w ww.P.P
w
www iii. What are
www wthe featureswwww of stage? w
www w
www
Pa
A man in this stage is very aggressive and ambitious. He has a beard like a panther. He is
quick i .O to
. rgtake
O rg up any argumentiand .O . Orgrisks
rg his own life for ai.short-lived
O . rgrg reputation. i.O.O
O rgrg
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
a a 13) “And then the
.P.P aa
.P.justice
P .P.Paa aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w wwww
ww In fair round wwbelly with good caponwlin’d w ww ww
With eyes grgsever and beard of.formal
Full i . O
of. rwise
O saws and modern i O . Orgrg cut
instances”; i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d
l
saasi. aWhom does justicedrefer a
d saasato?l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P P.P
.man aa .P.Paa aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
w ww
w Justice refersw waw
tow in his fifth stage. ww ww w ww
w wwww
ww ii. Describe his
ww appearance. ww ww ww
He isO
i . fat
. rgrand
O g huge. He has a pot.O
i . rgrg serious look and a iformal
belly,
O . O . rgrgbeard.
O i . O . rgrg
O
a i
a does he behaveswith a i
aslalathe people aroundahim? a i a i
d a
d saasiii.lalHow d a
d a d dsaaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saasla
a
.P.Pa He behaves impressively a a a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa
wwww ww w.P.P as a learned man.
hewdo to show his wisdom? wwww ww ww wwww
ww iv. What does ww ww ww ww
He quotes many proverbs and modern instances to show his wisdom.
i . O . rgrg
O i . O . Orgrg i . O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
asall a a i l
asala a i l
asala a i l
asala a i asla
d a sa d a sa d a s a d a s a d a s a
a ad 14. Identify the figure
.P.P .P.P a adof speech in the following .P.Pa adlines:- a ad
.P.P a ad
.P.P
w w w w w w w w w w w w w ww
www wwthe
a) All
w world’s is a stage www ww- w Metaphor. www
.O rb)grgAnd all the men andi.O
O
women
Orgrg merely players i.O.O rgrg - Metaphor. rgrg
ia.O
l a ia i . l a a i . l a a i l a i.O
d a
d saas a l
d a
d sa as a l
d ads aas a l
d ads aas a l
d adsaasla
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aa
.P.P .P.P aa .P.Paa aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
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w 16 | Page w wKSJ
w w w ww
w w ww
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i .O . rgrg
O i .O . Orgrg i .O . Orgrg i .O . rgrg
O
aa l al a i aal al a i aal al a i aal al a i ala
dasas dasas dasas dasas dasas
s as laalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O saasla
d
aa ad a aad a
d a aad ad a aad ad a aad a
d
ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w ww.P.P
w
ww w w w
wwshining morning face, creeping
c) And www w like snail w
ww- w Simile. wwww
d) Full of strange oaths, and bearded like a pard - Simile.
i .O . re)grg
O i .O . Orgrg i .O . rgrg -
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i Seeking the bubble l a a i
reputation l a a i Metaphor.
l a a i
d ad
l
saasa f) His youthfuldhose, a
d
l
saasawell sav’d a world too d ad
asa
sawide l - d a saasa l
Alliteration.
d d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P amanly
P.P
.big a a atowards childish treble
.P.P a-Personification.
.P.P a aa
.P.P
w ww
w ww
g) andwhis
w voice, turning w wagain
w w w ww
w wwww
ww ww ww ww ww
15. Pick
i . O . rgrout
O g the words in Alliteration
i . O . rgrg in the following lines
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
a i a i a i a i
d a
d saaslala a) and all the men d a
d saand a
aslalwomen merely playerssalala
d ad a s -
d ad a ala
mens–almerely.
smany. d a
d saasla
a
.P.Pa b) And one a
.P.Pa
man in his time plays many a
.P.Pa
parts - a
.P.Paman – a
.P.Pa
wwww wwww
c) Jealous in honour, sudden and ww
wquick
w in quarrel ww
w- w quick – quarrel. ww wwww
ww ww ww ww
i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
l
asFor a a i
al Late-Bloomers: l
asala a i l
asala a i l
asala a i asla
d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa
a ad
.P.P a ad
.P.P a ad
.P.P a ad
.P.P a ad
.P.P
w w w w w w w w w w w w w ww
www The world is ww w
compared to _____ www A stage www www
The meaning rgrg of exits and entrances? rgrg Exits – death; Entrance rgrg – birth rgrg
What
l a ia. O
i . O i
is the first stage of a lhuman’s
a a. O
i . O life? Infant lala i . O
i . O l a ia.Oi . O
d a
d saasWhat l
a is the second stage
d a
d saaof l
saa human’s The
d a saasa boy
school
d d adsaasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P aa
.P.P aa
.P.P aa
.P.P .P.Paa
ww life? ww ww ww ww
w
ww w How does awman
w w
w play a lover’s role? ww w w He composes sad verses
w w
ww and longs for her. wwww
What are rgrgthe features of the fourth rgrgstage The fourth stage rgrisgsoldier; aggressive and rgrg
i
oflaman?
a. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O ambitious. l a ia. O
i . O l a ia.Oi . O
d a
d saasWhen l
a does a man become
d a
d
l
saasaajudge? a
Hedbecomes
d
l
saasa a judge in the fifthdstage ad
l
saasathrough d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
his wisdom.
aa
.P.P .P.Paa
ww ww ww ww ww
w
ww w ‘shrunk shank’
______stage.
The a
lalai . O
last
i . rgstage
O
w w
ww is associated with ww
rg is the second childhood.
a i . O
i .
lai
rgrg
O
w w The sixth stage of man’s
He takes the
a i . O .
role
i O
w w
ww life
rgrofg child once again. Hei.isO.like
a i
rgrg
O
wwww
l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O unwillingly.i.O
l a a i . O l a ia. O
i . O
a sa al is the soldier ready
asWhat a saato
s l
ado? ready
a sa asa
to
l
die for name and fame. as aasal a saasla
d
a ad Explain ‘bubble reputation’. d
a ad d
a ad dad
abubble d
a ad
w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w short-lived reputation like w .P.P
the
w w .P.P
w
w
www Describe the w w
wwappearance w
of justice. www He is fat and huge. w w w a pot belly, serious www
Hewhas w
Pa
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . Orgrg
Reported Speech i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d adsaasa l
d a
d
l
saasa(Text Page No:14, 15, d a
d a
l
asa215, 216)
s16, d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
a a Direct Speech .P.P
.P.P aa .P.Paa .P.Paa aa
.P.P
w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w
ww It repeats the wwexact words of the speaker. ww ww ww
e.g. Thergteacherrg said to the students, rgrg“I shall take you to the museum
rgrg tomorrow.” i.O.O rgrg
a i . O
i . O a i . O
i . O a i . O
i . O a i
d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saasla
a
.P.Pa Indirect Speech / a
.P.Pa
Reported Speech a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa
wwww It reports the w ww
w
words spoken by the speaker. wwww ww ww wwww
ww ww ww ww ww
e.g. The teacher informed the students that he would take them to the museum the next day.
i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
l a a i
al the reporting verbasof
asWhen l a a i
al speech is in the present
asdirect l a a i
asal tense, we don’t make l a
asal ina i asla
d a sa d a d a sa d a sachanges d a sa
a ad the tense.
.P.P .P.Pa ad .P.Pa ad .P.Pa ad a ad
.P.P
w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w
www e.g. Directw ww
speech - Uma says,w w chocolates.”
“Iwlike www www
i . O . rgrg speech - Uma
Indirect
O i . O . rgrgthat she likes chocolates.
says
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasWhen
a l
d a
d
l
sisaasinapast tense, we mustdchange a
d
l
saasa the tense. d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P the reporting
.P.Paa
verb aa
.Pchocolates.”
.P .P.Paa aa
.P.P
w ww
w e.g. Direct w ww
w
speech - Uma said, “Iw ww
like
w w ww
w w ww
w
ww ww ww ww ww
Indirect speech - Uma said that she liked chocolates.
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d
l
saas1.aChanges in Tensesdadsaasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
a a S.NO.
.P.P Direct .P aa
.P
Speech .P.Pa a Indirect Speech .P.P aa aa
.P.P
ww ww ww ww ww
w
ww w 1
a i . O
i . O
w w w
w Present
Simple
rgrgSindhu said, “I playi.O
a
lai
chess.”
i . rgrg
O
ww w w Simple past ww
Sindhu said
a i . O
i . O
w w
rgrgthat she played chess.
a i . O
i . rgrg
O
www w
l a ia. O
i . O l a a O
i . O Satyai.O
l a a
said
i . O that she had completed
l a ia. O
i . her
O
a saasal work.” a sa asal a sa asal
work. a saasal a saasla
d
a ad 4 d
a ad continuous d
a ad Past perfect continuous d
a ad d
a ad
w .P.P
w Present
w w.P.perfect
P w w.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
w
www w w
wwsaid to me, “I have been
Bala w w
wwlearning Bala told mewthat w
wwhe had been learningwww w
Pa
i . O . rgrgnext week.”
O i . O . rgrg
O
cricket the
i . O . rgrgfollowing week. i.O.O
O rgrg
11l a a i Future perfect l a a i a a
Conditional
l i perfect l a a i
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d adsaasa l
d adsaasa l
d adsaasla
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.P.P .P.Paa .P.Paa .P.Paa aa
.P.P
w ww
w 18 | Page
w wKSJ
w w w ww
w w ww
w wwww
ww ww ww ww ww
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . Orgrg i .O . rgrg
O
aa l al a i aa l al a i aal al a i aal al a i ala
dasas dasas dasas dasas dasas
s as laalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O saasla
d
aa ad a aad a
d a aad ad a aad ad a aad a
d
ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w ww.P.P
w
ww w w w
Kathir
w w said, “I will have completed wwww my Kathir said that w w
ww he would have wwww
work by tomorrow.” completed his work by the following day.
i .O . rgrgFuture perfect continuous
O i .O . Orgrg i .O . rgrgperfect continuous i.O.O
O rgrg
12l a a i l a a i Conditional
l a a i l a a i
d adsaasa l
Rafiq said,d a
“I
d
l
asahave been working asaRafiq
sawill d d
l
asa said that he wouldahave
d d
l
saasabeen d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P aa
P.P
.project .P.Paa .P.Paa aa
.P.P
w ww
w ww
onwmy
w for three months wwwnext
w working on hiswproject ww
w for three months ww ww
ww w w
month.” ww the followingwmonth. w ww
i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
ala i a i
aslala Speech a i a i
d a
d saas2.laModals in Direct andsIndirect
d a
d a d adsaaslala d adsaaslala d a
d saasla
a
.P.Pa S.No Direct Speech a
.P.Pa a a
.P.PIndirect Speech a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa
wwww wwww wwww ww ww wwww
ww 1. Can` ww ww Could ww ww
2.
3.lalia.O . rCould
O grg
i . O . rgrg
O
Could
i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
as4.a Might i May l
asala a i Might l
asala a i l
asala a i asla
d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa
a ad
.P.P a ad
.P.P .P.Pa ad
Might
.P.Pa ad a ad
.P.P
w w w 5. Shall w w w w w w Should w w w w ww
www 6.
www
Should
www Should www www
7. i.O.O grg
rWill .O rgrg
O Would i.O.O rgrg .O rgrg
O
l a a i l a ia i . l a a i l a ia i .
d a
d
l
saas8.a Would d a
d saasa l Would
d adsaasa l
d adsaasa l
d a
d saasla
aa 9
.P.P Must ww aa
.P.P .P.PaMust/had
a to .P.Paa .P.Paa
w ww
w w w wwww w ww
w wwww
ww ww ww ww ww
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
saasla
3. Changes
l in Pronouns l l l
d a
d saasDirect
a
Speech d a
d saasa Speech
Indirect d adsaasa d adsaasa d a
d
aa
.P.P aa
.P.P .P.Paa .P aa
.P .P.Paa
ww ww ww ww ww
w
ww w
I
Youi.O
a i
lala(object)
rgrg
O
(subject)
.
www w Masculine
He
He i.O
a i .
lai
rgrg
O
wwww Feminine
She
She
a i . O
i . rgrg
O
ww w w Plural
---
They
a i . O
i . rgrg
O
wwww
l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O
a saasal
We ---
a sa asal ---
a sa asal They
a saasal a saasla
d
a ad Us d
a ad--- dad
a--- d
a ad
Them d
a ad
w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w .P
w .P w .P.P
w
w
www w
www w
www wwww w
www
Pa
4. Changes in Adverbs
.O O grg
rSpeech .O rgrg
O .O rgrg
O .O rgrg
O
Direct
l a ia i . l a ia i . Indirect l a ia i .
Speech l a ia i .
d a
d saasThis
a l
d a
d saasa l
a
That
d dsaasa l
d adsaasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P aa
.P.P .P.Paa .P.Paa .P.Paa
w ww
w These w ww
w w ww
w Those w ww
w w ww
w
ww Now ww ww Then ww ww
Ago OO
l a ia. i. rgrg l a ia.Oi . rgrg
O Before OO
l a ia. i. rgrg l a ia.Oi . rgrg
O
d a
d saasHere
a l
d a
d saasa l
d adsaasa
There l
d adsaasa l
d a
d saasla
a a Thus
.P.P aa
.P.P .P.PaSoa .P.Paa .P.Paa
w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w
ww Today ww ww That day ww ww
Tonight g g That night
i . O . rr
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
a
Yesterday
lala i a i The a
previous i day / the day before a i
d a
d saasTomorrow d a
d saaslala d a
Thed
aslala
sanext day / the following d adsaaslala
day d a
d saasla
a
.P.Pa Last night a
.P.Pa a
.P.PThea a
.Pa before
.Pnight a
.P.Pa
wwww wwww wwww previous night ww
w/ w
the wwww
ww ww ww ww ww
Next day The following day
Next . O r
week
O gr g . O r
O gr g The following . O rgrweek
O g / the week after .O.O rgrg
l a ia i . l a ia i . l a ia i . l a ia i asla
a sa al week
asLast a sa asal The
a sa asal week / the weekabefore
previous saasal a s a
d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad
w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
w
www w
www w
www wwww w
www
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d adsaasa l
d adsaasla
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aa
.P.P aa
.P.P .P.Paa .P.Paa .P.Paa
w ww
w 19 | Page
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w w w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w
ww ww ww ww ww
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . Orgrg i .O . rgrg
O
aa l al a i aal al a i aal al a i aal al a i ala
dasas dasas dasas dasas dasas
s as laalia. i.O s as laalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O s as laalia. i.O saasla
d
aa ad a aad a
d a aa d a
d a aad a
d a aad a
d
ww.P.P ww.P.P ww.P.P ww .P.P ww.P.P
w
ww w ww w w ww w w www w wwww
5. Verb conversions in Direct and Indirect Speech
i .O . rgrsentences
O g
i .inO. Orgrg i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
Types
l a a i of Verbs l a a i Direct Verbs in l a a i
Indirect Conjunction l a a i
d adsaasa l
d a saasa
Speech
d
l
a saasa
Speech
d d
l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P .P.P aa aa
.P.P .P .Paa aa
.P.P
w ww
w I. Statementww ww Says/said w ww
w Says /said w ww
w That wwww
ww ww Says to/said toww tells/told ww that ww
i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
a a i a i a i a i
d a
d saasII.lalQuestion d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saasla
a
.P.Pa 1.Yes or no typeww a
.PPa Said/said to a a
.P.Pasked .P a
If.Pa a
.P.Pa
ww
ww
ww 2. Wh-typeww ww . Said/said to ww wwww asked wwwwww Same wh-word wwwwww
III. Imperative
i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O to + V1 laia.O . rgrg
O
al a
asimperativei
1.laPositive Said/said
l a
asal to a i to requested/ordered
l
asala a i asVa1 l i asla
d a sa d a sa
Said/said d a sa not to
d a+sa d a sa
a ad 2. Negative
.P.P .P.P a ad a ad
.P.P .P.P a ad a ad
.P.P
w w w w w w w w w w w w w ww
www imperative ww
w www www www
(Don’t+V rgr1g) rgrg rgrg rgrg
l a ia.Oi . O l a ia O
.Hurrah
i . O l a ia O
.with
i . O l a ia.Oi . O
d a
d saasa
IV. l Exclamatory
d
Said…
a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa
exclaimed l joy that
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P .P.P a a Said… Alas aexclaimed
.P.P a with .P.P aa aa
.P.P
w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w sorrow w ww
w wwww
ww ww ww ww ww
i .O .
I. aStatementsrgrg in Direct Speech
O i .O .
andrgrgIndirect Speech i.O.O
O rgrg i .O . rgrg
O
l a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasS.No.
a l Direct Speechda d saasa l
d a
dIndirect
l
saasa Speech d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P aa
.“IP.P aa
.P.P .Pwon
.Paa aa
.P.P
ww 1 She said, ww have won the first prize.” ww She said that shewhad ww the first prize. www
w
ww w
2
a i . O
i . O
w
Kowsalya
grg
w
ww said, “We watched w
ryesterday.”
a i . O
i
lai
. rgrg
O
ww w
a film Kowsalya saidwthat
film thatOday
a i . i . O
w
w they had watched a ww
rgrgbefore.
a i . O
i . rgrg
O
w
i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
Task
l a a i1
al what these people
asRead l a
asaandl a i l
asal a a i Page
l
asala a i
15
asla
d a sa d a sa
say rewrite as d a s
sentences.a d a sa d a sa
a ad
.P.P .P.Pa ad .P.Pa ad .P.Pa ad a ad
.P.P
w w w Answer w w w w w w w w w w ww
www 1. I am verywbusy. ww www Raja said that he was w wwbusy.
very www
2. I have
.O rgcompleted
O rg my work.
.O rgrg
O
Satya said that sherghad
.O
completed her work rgrg
Ohergdid not like to go out. ia.O
3.
l aI i i
don’t
a . like to go out. l a ia i . l a ia i . l a i.O
d a
d saas4.
a I
l
have just come backd a
d saa
froms a l
Chennai.
Johnson
Rehanad a
d sa
said
as
said
a l that
that she had just comed a
d sa
back
as a l
from d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P .P.Paa .P.Paa .P.Paa .P.Paa
w ww
w Chennai w ww
w w www w ww
w wwww
ww 5. I am learning ww English. ww Jayan said that he waswlearning w English ww
6. I bought
i . O . rgrga pen yesterday. i.O.O
O rgrg Madhu said that he
i . O . rgrhad
O g bought a pen the previous
i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d
day l
saas7.aWe will go for shopping tomorrow.
d a
d saasa l
Josephd a
d saasMary
and
l
d d a
l
asa the next
a said that they would go forasshopping
d a
d saasla
a a day.
.P.P .P.Paa .P.Paa .P.Paa .P.Paa
ww ww ww ww ww
w
ww w 8. We can’t attend
9. How are you?
10.aIi.O i
am. O
w w
ww the party.
rgfine.
rg Thank you.
a i . O
i
lai
. rgrg
O
w w
ww Afsar and Ayesha said that
Satish asked how he was
Victor said a i
that. O
i .
hergwas
O
w w
wwthey could not attend the partyw.w
rg fine and he thankedi.him.
a O
i . rgrg
O
ww
l a ia. O
i . O l a ia i . O l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O
a saasal Priya : Why are
a
you
saasal going there?
a saasal a sa asal a saasla
d
a ad Vijay : I want d
a atodreceive my uncle who d d
aisacoming from Bengaluru. d
a ad d
a ad
w .P.P
w w w.P.P w w.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
w
www w
www wwww w
www w
www
Pa
Priya asked Vijay where he was going. Vijay replied that he was going to the Railway
station..O Ogrg further inquired why
rPriya .O rghe
O rg was going there. Vijay .O rgsaid
O rg that he wanted toireceive .O rgrg
O
l a ia i . l a ia i . l a ia i . l a a i .
d a
d
l
saashisa uncle who was coming d a
d saasfroml
a Bengaluru.
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P .P.Paa .P.Paa .P.Paa .P.Paa
w ww
w w ww
w w www w ww
w w ww
w
ww b) ww : Why are you late? ww
Teacher ww ww
i . O . rDivya
Ogrg : I missed the bus.rgrg
i .O . Oreached the bus stoplaon i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i a i l a a i
d a
d
l Teacher
saasa Divya : Mydgrandmother : You should
a
d saasa lhave
is ill. So, I hadd a
d
to
saatake l time.
sa her to the doctor. dadsaasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P .P aa
P
.am .P.Paa .P.Paa .P.Paa
w ww
w Teacherw w:w
w I sorry. What ails w ww
her?
w w ww
w w ww
w
ww ww ww ww ww
Divya : She has high fever.
i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
a i
lalateacher asked Divya swhy a i
a was late. Divya replied a i a i
d a
d saasThe d a
d aaslalshe
d a
d saaslalathat (a) she had missed d a
d
lalabus.
saasthe d a
d saasla
a
.P.Pa The teacher toldwher a a (b) she should have.P
.P.Pthat a
.Pa the bus stop on a a said that her .P.Pa
.P.PDivya a
wwww w w w w wwwreached w
time.
w
w w wwww
ww grandmother w w was ill so she had to take her w w to the doctor. The teacher w w felt sorry and further ww
asked her
i . O . rgrg(c) what ailed her. Divya
O i . O . rgexplained
O r g that she (d) had g
i . O . r high
O r g fever.
i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i
al 3 - Change the following
asTask l a a i
asal sentences into indirect l a a
asalspeech.i l
asala a i asla
d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa d a s a
a ad
.P.P P.P
.to a ad .P.Pa ad a ad
.9P.p.m.”
P .P.Pa ad
w w w a) The pilot said
w w w the passengers, “Thew w plane
w will land in Delhi w w
at w w w w
www w w
The pilot toldwthe passengers that the plane
wwwwould land in Delhi atw9wp.m. w www
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d adsaasla
PUBLISHING HOUSE 9488757598/9865315131
aa
.P.P .P.Paa .P.Paa .P.Paa .P.Paa
w ww
w 21 | Page
w wKSJ
w w w www w ww
w w ww
w
ww ww ww ww ww
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . Orgrg i .O . rgrg
O
aa l a l a i aa l al a i aa l al a i aal al a i ala
dasas dasas dasas dasas dasas
s as laalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O saasla
d
aa ad a aa d a
d a aad a
d a aad a
d a aad a
d
ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w w.P.P ww.P.P
w
ww w b) The Principal w w
ww said, “Young students w w
ww must think about the w w
waysw
w to control the use ofww ww
plastic band in the school campus.”
i O rgrg said that young students
O
.Principal
. i .O . Orgrg must think about the i .O . rgrg to control the use of
O i .O . rgrg
O
The
l a a i l a a i l a a i ways l a a iplastic
d adsaasband l
a in the school campus.
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
a a c) Gowtham said.Pto.P
.P.P aa a a but I am better now.”
.Pweek,
.P aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
w ww
w w ww me, “I was very illwlast
w ww
w w ww
w wwww
ww Gowtham told wwme that he had been ill w w week, but he was betterwthen.
last w ww
d) Priya rgrsaid,
g “I want to give .my rgsister
rg a present.” i.O rgrg rgrg
a i . O
i . O
lala said that she wantedsato a i Oi . O a i . O a i . O
i . O
saasPriya la her sister a present.
slagive saaslala saaslala saasla
a d a
d e) Madhu said to me,
a d a
d
“I aam so happy you have
a d a
d
completed your project.”
a d a
d a d a
d
ww.P.Pa .P.Pa
wthat
w ww.P.Pa ww .P.Pa ww.P.Pa
ww
ww Madhu toldwme w
w w he was happy I had
w ww w
completed my project. w w
w w wwww
f) The manager said, “I will speak to you on Friday.”
O
Thei.manager. rgrg said that he would
O i . O rgrg to me on Friday. i.O.O
O
speak
. rgrg i . O . rgrg
O
l al
asg)aMania i l a a i
alshall improve, if you
as“I l a a
asal me.” i l
asala a i asla
d a sa said to his coach, d a sa d a saguide d a sa d a sa
a ad Mani told his coach
.P.P .P.P adhe would improve if.Phe
athat ad him.
a guided
.P a ad
.P.P a ad
.P.P
w w w w w w w w w w w w w ww
www h) My mother www said to me, “You can w w
gowswimming tomorrow.”www www
My mother
i . O . rgrg told me that I couldi.O
O
gorg
. O
swimming
rg the next day. rgrg
i .O . Owith me?” i .O . rgrg
O
i)l a a i
Sandeep said to John, “Would
l a a i you like to watch al movie
a a i l a a i
d a
d
a l
saasSandeep d a
d
l
saasahe would like to watch d a
d
l
saaasmovie
a
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P asked John
.P.Paawhether P.P
.to aa with him. aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
w ww
w j) Geetha asked
w ww
w Angel, “Will you help w ww
me
w pack my bag?” w ww
w wwww
ww ww ww ww ww
Geetha asked Angel whether she would help her to pack her bag.
k) The .O O grg
rlibrarian said to the students,
.O rgrg “You are not allowed
O .O rgrtog scribble anythingi.on
O O O grg
rthe
l a ia i . l a ia i . l a ia i . l a a i .
d a
d
a l
saaslibrary books.”
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
a a The librarian told.the
.P.P aa a aallowed to scribble anything a a on the library aa
ww wwP.Pstudents that they were ww.P .P
not ww .P.P ww.P.P
w
ww w books.
l) The motorist
The a
lalai . O
i . rgrg
O
motorist
ww w w
asked
said
me
to me,
whether
“Can
a i . O
i
I
lai
. O
you
rgrg
could
ww w w
direct
direct
me
him
to
to
the
the a
post
i .
post O
i . O
ww
office.
w
office?”
rgrg
w
a i . O
i . rgrg
O
wwww
The .little
O O . O O . O O . O O
l alia i .
aso)aGrandmother said to l a ia i .
asalgrandson, “May God
her l a ia
asal you.”
bless i . l
asala ia i . asla
d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa
a ad Grandmother prayed
.P.P .P.P ad God might bless her
athat a ad
.P.grandson.
P a ad
.P.P .P.Pa ad
w w w w w w w w w w w w w ww
www www www www www
Pa
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l
a
PART
d d
l
saasa – III (SAMPLE) d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P .P.Paa .P.Paa aa
.P.P .P.Paa
w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w wwww
ww ww ww ww ww
Explain rgrgwith reference toi.O context:
rgrg rgrg rgrg
l a ia. O
i . O l a a i . O l a ia.Oi . O l a ia.Oi . O
a saasa l
a saasa l
a saasa l
a saasa l
a saasla
aa
.P.P
d d 6. Incident of the
.P.Paa d d
French Camp – Robert
.P.Paad d Browning aa
.P.P
d d .P.Paad d
w ww
w i. “Then off w ww
there
w flung in smiling joy, w ww
w w ww
w wwww
ww ww ww ww ww
And held himself erect”
Context:
i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
a i
lala lines are taken from a i
la poem, ‘Incident of a i
lalaFrench Camp’ written a i
la Robert
d a
d saasThese d a
d saaslathe d a
d saasthe d a
d saaslaby d a
d saasla
a
.P.Pa Browning. ww a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa
wwww w w w ww
w w ww
w www
w
ww Explanationw w : w w w w ww
Napolean
i . O . rgrgwas standing on a mound
O i . O . rgrand
O g he was anxious about
i . O . rgrthe
O g results of the war. .AO.O
i rgrg
young
asall a
soldiera i appeared from the l
asala a
battery i - smokes. Riding l
asal
at a a
great i speed, he jumped l a a i
asal horse.
off his asla
d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa d a s a
a ad He was smiling out
.P.P .P.P d He stood straight.Pwith
aofajoy. a adthe help of the horse’s
.P ad He rushed to .P.P
amane.
.P.P a ad
w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w
www the spot to www
announce the news of the www
victory of the French army. www www
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d adsaasla
PUBLISHING HOUSE 9488757598/9865315131
aa
.P.P .P.Paa .P.Paa aa
.P.P .P.Paa
w ww
w 22 | Pagew wKSJ
w w w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w
ww ww ww ww ww
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . Orgrg i .O . rgrg
O
aa l al a i aal al a i aal al a i aal al a i ala
dasas dasas dasas dasas dasas
s as laalia. i.O s as laalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O s as laalia. i.O saasla
d
aa ad a aad a
d a aad a
d a aad a
d a aad a
d
ww.P.P ww.P.P ww .P.P ww.P.P ww.P.P
w
ww w ww w w www w ww w w www w
.O
ii.la“I’m Ogrg Sire!’ And, his Chief
rkilled, .O O rgrbeside,
g .O rgrg
O .O rgrg
O
ia i . l a ia i. l a ia i . l a ia i .
d ad
a l
saasSmiling, the boy fell dead”.
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
a a Context:
.P.P .P.Paa aa
.P.P aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w w www w ww
w
ww These linesww are taken from the poem ww‘Incident of the Frenchww Camp’ written by Robert ww
Browning.
i . O . rgrg
O i . O . Orgrg i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
a
lala i a i a i a i
d a
d saasExplanation :
d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saasla
a
.P.Pa When Nepoleon a
.P.Pa
inquired whether the boy a
.P.Pa
was wounded, the a
.P.Pa
boy-soldier replied with a
.P.Pa
wwww contradiction. ww
wThe
w boy soldier proudlyww wwww
declared that he was killed, ww
wnot
w wounded. He felt joy wwww
ww ww ww ww
and satisfaction in giving his life for his country. Finally, he fell dead with a smile.
i . O . rgrg
O i . O . Orgrg i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
l a a i
asiii.al“To see your flag-bird l a a i
asal his vans l
asala a i l
asal a a i asla
d a sa d a saflap d a sa d a sa d a sa
a ad Where I, to heart’s.P.desire,
.P.P a ad Perched him”!’ .P.P
P a ad a ad
.P.P a ad
.P.P
w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w
www Context : www www www www
These lines rgrg are taken from the rpoem
grg ‘Incident of the .O French
rgrg Camp’ written by Robert
rgrg
l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O l a ia i . O l a ia. O
i . O
d a
d
l
Browning.
saasExplanation
a
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P :
.P aa
.P aa
.P.P aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
w ww
w The soldier w
feltwaw
w special kind of joy w
andwpride
w w in the fact that he,w www
with his own hands, hadw ww
w
ww ww ww ww ww
flown the French flag over Ratisbon. The flag had the figure of the bird, eagle on it. Thus,
when i .O rgrflag
the
. O g fluttered in the air,
i .O . rgseemed
itO rg as though the ibird .O . rgwas
O rg flapping its wings.i.O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P .P.Paa POEM w a aWORDS
.P.P
CLUE aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
ww ww w ww ww
w
ww w
S.lalia.O i . rgrg
O
ww w w
a i . O
i
lai
. Orgrg
www w
Poema i . O
i . O
clue
ww w w
rgrgwords(bold words ifor
a . O
i . rgrg
O
www w
l a ia. O
i . O l a a O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O
a saasal a saasal a saasal a saasal a saasla
d
a ad “How can this d
a ad tale be told?”, .P.P d
a ad d
a ad d
a ad
w .P.P
w w .P.shameful
w P w w No threat, w
Shameful.P.P
w tale, death, ww.P.P
w
www 1 wwww w
www wwww w
www
gold
Pa
toil”;
Troy, Arch,
a i . O
i . O
ww
Councils, Government, ww Battle, Peers, ww
rgrgGleams, Unburnish’d,
a i . O
i . Orgrg
ww
i . O . O i . O . O world,i . O .Smite,
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l
asala a i l
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asal isles, Achilles, Fate, l a
al
asSeek, a i asla
d a sa d a sa d a saHappy
d a sa d a sa
a ad
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.P.P .P.Pa ad
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O i .O . Orgrg
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d
l
saasa days d a
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l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
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d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
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.P.P ‘A Father to his .P.PaSon’
a - Carl August Sandburg aa
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a i
and a i a i a i
d a
d saaslalaBrutes have been dgentled a
d
a
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d a
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a
.P.Pa a
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.P.Pa Guide, Brutes, w a
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i . O . rgrg to repeat none of the
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l
asala a i l
asala a i l
asala a i l
asal a a i asla
d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa d a s a
a ad
.P.P He will be lonely .P.P d
a aenough a ad
.P.P a ad
.P.P .P.Pa ad
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6 ai.‘Incident
O i .O . rg-rRobert
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O
brow i .O . Orgrg
l a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d adsaasla
PUBLISHING HOUSE 9488757598/9865315131
aa
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.P.P .P.Paa
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w 24 | Page
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aal al a i aal a l a i aal al a i aa l al a i ala
dasas dasas dasas dasas dasas
s aslaalia. i.O s as laalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O saasla
d
aa ad a aad a
d a aad ad a aad a
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d
ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
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ww – you are wounded –ww w w
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–out-thrust – my plans i .O . rgrg
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l a a i l a a i mound
l a a i l a a i
that
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l
asa – rider, army-leadera–saafull-
sasoar d d sa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P aa
.P.P aa
.P.P aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
w ww “I’m killed, w wwSire!’ And, his Chief beside, w ww galloping – lips w wcompressed
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ww w w
wwthe boy fell dead”. ww w w
ww– His plans soared up ww w
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rgrg rgrg like firer–grg pride touched to the quick rgrg
a i . O
i . O a i . O
i . O a i . O
i . O a i . O
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d a
d saaslala“To see your flag-bird d a
d
lala his vans
saasflap d adsaaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saasla
a
.P.Pa Where I, to a
heart’s
.P.Pa desire, Perched him”!’ a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa
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Prosei . O . rgrg answer:
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Short i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
l
asala a i l
asal a a i l
asala a i l
asala a i asla
d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa
a ad
.P.P a ad
.P.P a ad
.P.P a ad
.P.P a ad
.P.P
w
www
w w Lesson –
www w w
5 w wwww w w wwww w w w
www
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3. rMention
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ww w
Tamil w work, the Tolkappiyam.
the Tamil worksrg
a i . O
i . O
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that
w w
rg date to the first two
a i . O
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ww w
rcenturies
grg
w
of the current era.
a i . O
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www w
l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O l a ia. O
i . O
a saasal 5. What are the other
a saasal classical languages
a saasal
mentioned by the author?
a saasal a saasla
d
a ad Sanskrit, d
a ad
Greek, Latin, Chinese, Persian d
a ad
and Arabic are the other d
a ad
classical languages. d
a ad
w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
w
www w
wwdefine and list the themes w
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6. Canwyou wwLiterature? Why?
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i . O
i
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ww and offering a replywiswcommon in dialogue. ww
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a i . O
i . rgrg
O
w w
a i . O
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wwww
. O O . O O .Have
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l
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asala ia i . l a ia i .
asal helped ? l
asala ia i . asla
d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa
a ad
.P.P .P.P
Wh-word a ad + did + you +.P.P a ad Where did you .P.P ad / buy ?
ameet a ad
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www w 1?
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i . O . r r you +
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O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i verb ? l a a i l a a i l a a i
l l l l saasla
3
d a
d saasa d a
d saasa d a
d saasa d a
d saasa d a
d
aa
.P.P .P.Paa aa
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.How aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
w ww
w When- w wvg;nghOJ
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i .O . rgrg
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O i .O . rgrg
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l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l A: Hai, How
d a
d
l
asayou?
saare d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P B: .P.P
I am a a What about you? .P.P
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.P.P aa
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w w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w wwww
ww A: wwMe too fine. How is your wwlife getting on? ww ww
B: Yah, very well.
i . O . rgA:
O rg _____________________ i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
a i a i a i a i
d a
d saaslala B: ________________________d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
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.P.Pa a
Payou. Feel free to contact
.P.See a a
.P.Pme. a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa
wwww A: wOk. ww
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O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i
al terms:
asUseful l
asala a i l
asala a i l
asala a i asla
d a sa d a sa d a sa d a sa d a s a
a ad Good morning. I am
.P.P .P.P ad to What are you.P
aglad a ad
doing?
.P a ad
P.P
How are.you? a ad
.P.P
w w w w w w w w w w w w w ww
www meet you www www www www
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i .O . O rg be interested in? i.How
ryou O . rgrare
O g things?
i .O . rgYou
O rg seem a bit i .O . rgrg
O
Would
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d adsaasla
PUBLISHING HOUSE 9488757598/9865315131
aa
.P.P .P.Paa .P.Paa aa
.P.P .P.Paa
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w 26 | Page
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w w w ww
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i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . Orgrg i .O . rgrg
O
aa l al a i aal al a i aal al a i aal al a i ala
dasas dasas dasas dasas dasas
s as laalia. i.O s as laalia. i.O s as laalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O saasla
d
aa ad a aad a
d a aa d ad a aa d a
d a aad a
d
ww.P.P ww .P.P ww.P.P w .P.P
w ww.P.P
w
ww w ww w w ww w w ww w w
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i .O . O g
r rthing i O
.You . O g
r rare i .O . rgOf
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I lam
a a i
sure will get l a a i right. l a a i l a a i
d adsaasbetterl
a soon.
d a
d saasa l
d ad saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P aa
.P.P .P.Paa aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
w ww
w I think so. ww ww Could you w w
…….?
w w ShallwIww…..?
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ww As far as I’mw
w concerned… Take care,
ww Bye. ww
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i fed
. rgup
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. rgrg
apologize….
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O rg you. i . O . rgrg
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a i a i a i a i
d a
d saaslala d a
d saaslala d ad saaslala d a
d saaslala d a
d saasla
a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa a
.P.Pa
wwww w www w ww
w w ww
w wwww
ww 1. Write a dialogue w w between a passenger w w and a railway staff regarding w w the cancellation w w
of the reserved tickets.
i . O . rgrg : Good Morning,i.O
O . rgrWhat
O g
i . O . rgrgmy reservation? i.O.O
O rgrg
Passenger
l a
al
asRailwaya i l a a i
Sir. should
al me the date of trip,ayour
astell I do to
l al
asaname a i
cancel l
asala a i asla
d a sa staff : Could d a
yousa d sa and phone d a
number? sa d a sa
a ad
.P.P a ad
.P.P .P.Pa ad a ad
.P.P a ad
.P.P
w w w Passenger w :w w
Arun, 9876543210. My w w
reservation
w begins on 14 th
w w w
April. w ww
www w w
Railway staffw: Let me check it. Please w
w
w wait for a minute.
www www
Passenger
i . O . rgrg : Yah, sure. i.O.O
O rgrg i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d
a l
saasRailway staff : I can seesyour
d a
d a
l
asa reservation on my computer.
d ad
l
saasa Let me hit the delete d a
d
l
saasbutton
a and
d a
d saasla
a a your reservation will
.P.P abe
.P.P a cancelled. .P.Paa aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
w ww
w w ww w
Passenger ww: Thank you. I’ll makewanother w w
w w w w
w w wwww
ww w reservation as soon ww as I can. ww
Railway staff : It’s been my pleasure to help you.
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d
l
saas2.aWrite a dialogue between d a
d
l
saasa two friends aboutdthe ad saaNSS l
sa camp which theydadare l
saasgoing
a to
d a
d saasla
a a attend.
.P.P aa
.P.P .P.Paa aa
.P.P aa
.P.P
ww ww ww ww ww
w
ww w Ragu : Are
Vimal r:gryes,
a i . O
i . O
lala : Have you packed
w w
wwyou ready to join with me?
g I am getting ready.
a i . O
lai
i . rgrg
O
ww w w
a i . O
i . rgrg
O
wwww
saasRagu lalthe
saasall la
slamedicine. saaslala saasla
sa
a d a
d a d a
d a d ad a a d a
d a d a
d
ww.P.Pa Vimal : Yes, I
ww .P.Pa
have packed everything .P.Pa
including
ww
some
ww .P.Pa ww.P.Pa
ww
ww Ragu : Medicine? ww ww For what? ww ww ww ww wwww
Vimal : We can’t predict our health condition as it is a two-week programme.
r:grg grgit from you in case of.Oemergency?
rget rgrg rgrg
da
Ragu
l a ia. O
i . O You are correct. Shall
l a ia. OiI.O
l a ia i . O l a ia. O
i . O
a sa al : Sure. Where ashould
asVimal saasal we assemble for theainauguration? saasal a saasal a saasla
d
a ad Ragu : We have.P.toP d d
a aassemble d
a ad itself. The in-charge d
adguide us.
awill d
a ad
w .P.P
w w w in the school w .P
w .P
campus w .P.P
w w.P.P
w
w
www Vimal : OK. wwww Let us make a move. www
w wwww w
www
Pa
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a saasa l
d a saasa l
d a saasa l
d a saasa l
d a saasla
aa
.P.P d a a PART – IV (SAMPLE)
.P.P d .P.Paa d aa
.P.P d .P.Paa d
w ww
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Prose Paragraph:
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d a
d
l
saasa LESSON – 3 (for dBright a
d
l
saasastudents) d ad saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P aa
.P.P .P.Paa aa
.P.P .P.Paa
w ww
w w www w ww
w w ww
w wwww
ww ‘In Celebration ww of Being Alive’ is an wwextract from a speech w ofwDr. Barnard. He tells an ww
incidentrgabout rg two critically illi.O rgrg and their zest ofi.life
children rg
that
rg transforms him. The rgrg
doctor
a i . O
i . O a i . O a O
i . O
He was against his a i . O
i . O
a saaslala
had started thinking about
a saaslala
suffering since the car
a aslala
accident.
sa a saaslala view
father’s
a saasla
a d d on suffering i.e ‘God’s
a d d
way of testing to make one
a d dnoble’. In his a d
hospitalization,d he witnessed a d d
.P.Pa an incident in awChildren’s .PPa hospital. The two .P .Pa boys took over awbreakfast a
w.P.P trolley. One boyww w.P.P
a
ww
ww
ww
ww www. ww wwww little wwww ww w
was 7 years old who lost both eyes due to his mother’s misthrow of lantern. The blind boy
servedi . O . rasgrgthe mechanic of thei.O
O . rgrg Another boy suffered
trolley.
O i . O . rgfrom
O rg a hole in his heart i .O . Ogrg a
rand
l a a i
al of the bone. His
astumour l a
al
ashouldera i l
asal a a i l a a i
al of his
ashope asla
d a sa d a sa s and arm wereasa
d amputated. There was little
d a sa d a s a
a ad recovery. Yet, this.P.one-armed
.P.P a ad
P boy served w .Pthe
asw .P
d of the trolley. They
a adriver .P.P d
a apushed it all over ww .P.Pa ad
w w w w w w w w w w w
www the ward and w
wwenjoyed the game. The w ww too laughed with w
patients wwThis incident made him
joy. www
understand rgrgthat rgrg rgrg rgrg
l a ia. O
i . O One cannot l a ia O
.enjoy
i . O life unless one a i .Oi
experiences
l a . O suffering. l a ia.Oi . O
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d ad saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d adsaasla
PUBLISHING HOUSE 9488757598/9865315131
aa
.P.P aa
.P.P .P.Paa aa
.P.P .P.Paa
w ww
w 27 | Page w wwKSJ
w w ww
w w ww
w www
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ww ww ww ww ww
i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . Orgrg i .O . rgrg
O
aa l al a i aa l a l a i aa l al a i aal al a i ala
dasas dasas dasas dasas dasas
s as laalia. i.O s aslaalia. i.O s a slaalia. i.O s as laalia. i.O saasla
d
aa ad a aad a
d a aa d a
d a aad a
d a aad a
d
ww.P.P ww .P.P w .P.P
w w w.P.P w .P.P
w
w
ww w w w
ww We must be happywwith w w
w what we have left with. ww w w ww w w
i .O . Orgrg i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O i .O . rgrg
O
l a a i l a a i l a a i l a a i
d adsaasLESSON
a l
– 3 (For d a saasa l
late-bloomers)
d d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P .P.P aa .P.Paa .P.Paa aa
.P.P
w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w w ww
w
ww 3. In Celebration
ww of Being Alive – Dr.Christiaan ww Barnard
ww ww
i . O . Orgrg i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O i . O . rgrg
O
a i a i a i a i
d a
d saaslala ➢ Dr.Barnard thinkssover
d a
d aaslalasuffering in ‘In Celebration
d a
d saaslala of Being Alive’.dadsaaslala d a
d saasla
a
.P.Pa ➢ He was against a
.P.Pahis father’s view onwsuffering a
.PPa i.e ‘God’s way of a
P.Pa to make one
.testing a
.P.Pa
ww
ww
ww noble’.
ww ww ww
wwwww. ww ww ww
ww wwww
➢ He witnessed an incident in a Children’s hospital.
➢. O O grg two little boys took.O
rThe rgrga breakfast trolley. i.O.O
O rgrg . O rgrg
O
l a ia i .
asal➢ One boy sufferedasafrom l a ia i .
over
asal a hole in his heart and l al a
aasatumour i l
asal a ia i . asla
d a sa d d a sa of the bone. d a sa d a sa
a ad
.P.P ➢ His shoulder .P.P adarm were removed..P.P
aand a ad .P.Pa ad a ad
.P.P
w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w
www ➢ Yet,wthis wwone-armed boy servedwas ww the driver of the trolley.ww
w www
➢ rAnothergrg boy was 7 years.Oold rgrwho
g lost both eyes due rgrthe
to g burns. rgrg
l a ia.Oi . OThe l a ia i . O l a ia.Oi . O l a ia.Oi . O
d a
d saasa l ➢ blind boy
d
served
a
d saasa l
as the mechanic of the
d a
d saasa l
trolley.
d a
d saasa l
d a
d saasla
aa
.P.P ➢ They pushed .P.P aitaall over the ward, enjoyed .P.Pa aand made all the patients .P.Pafeel
a happy. aa
.P.P
w ww
w ➢ The w ww
w
author learned from the w ww
w
incident that w ww
w w ww
w
ww ww ww ww ww
▪ One cannot enjoy life unless one experiences suffering.
i .O . Orgrg ▪ We must i .O be
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