5/25/2019 Transducers | 2.

1 Sensors and actuators | IOT2x Courseware | edX

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Transducers
Watch this video to nd out how physical phenomena, such as
temperature, can become an electrical signal.

Video: Sensor functions and uses -

Transducers
analogue voltage that
is fed to a pre ampli cation
stage and
from there to a motor
driver that drives
perhaps high current and
high voltage
and from there to the
actual motor. If we
can put all these blocks

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can put all these blocks
together and we
CRTIOT2I2017-V003500
can call them an actuator.
Again for
practical purposes all the
blocks after
the DAC in the gure above
can be
represented as a single
block.

 5:29 / 5:29

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Here is a table showing typical IoT input and output transducer

devices.

PHYSICAL OUTPUT
INPUT DEVICE
PHENOMENON DEVICE

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Temperature Thermocouple Heater

Thermistor Fan
Thermostat Peltier pumps
Resistive Temperature Detectors
(RTDs)

Speed Tacho-generator AC and DC

Re ective/Slotted Opto-coupler Motors
Doppler E ect Sensors Stepper Motor
Brake

Position Potentiometer Motor

Encoders Solenoid
Re ective/Slotted Opto-switch Panel Meters
Linear Variable Di erential
Transformers (LVDTs)

Sound Carbon Microphone Bell

Piezo-electric Crystal Buzzer
Loudspeaker

Force/Pressure Strain Gauge Lifts and Jacks

Pressure Switch Electromagnet
Load Cells Vibration

Light level Light Dependant Resistors (LDRs) Lights and

Photodiode Lamps
Photo-transistor LEDs and
Solar Cell Displays
Fibre Optics

Table 2.1 Transducers

 

Here is a table explaining some of the terms used in the video:

TERM DEFINITION

Materials or devices that have the property of converting one

Transducers
kind of energy into another.

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Pressure-sensitive resistive bridge networks that are external

biased in such a way as to produce an output voltage in
Strain Gauge
proportion to the amount of force and/or strain being applied
to the sensor (ElectronicsTutorials).

Negative With a negative coe cient correlation - if the analogue

coe cient (and phenomenon increases, then the physical property decreases.
positive With positive correlation - if the phenomenon increases, the
coe cient) property also increases.

Signal Improving the quality of the signals going to ADCs or produced

conditioning by DACs.

Instrumentation ampli ers take the di erence of potential

Instrumentation
between their two inputs (a very small signal), and amplify it to
ampli ers
produce a voltage that can be fed into an ADC.

Wheatstone Interconnects four resistors, forming a bridge, and is used for

Bridge the measurement of an unknown resistance (CircuitDigest)

Table 2.2 De nitions of transducer-related terms

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