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Adoor Gopalakrishnan
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Adoor Gopalakrishnan

Adoor Gopalakrishnan
Moutathu Gopalakrishnan Unnithan
Born 3 July 1941 (age 78)
Mannadi, Travancore, British India
Other names Adoor
Film and Television Institute of
Alma mater
India[1]
Occupation Film director, screenwriter, producer
Years active 1965 – present
Spouse(s) Sunanda (–2015; her death)
Children 1
Padma Vibhushan (2006)
Awards
Padma Shri (1984)
Website www.adoorgopalakrishnan.com

Adoor Gopalakrishnan is an Indian film director, script writer, and producer. and is regarded as one of the
most notable filmmakers in India. With the release of his first feature film Swayamvaram (1972), Adoor
pioneered the new wave in Malayalam cinema during the 1970s.[2] In a career spanning over five decades,
Adoor has made only 12 feature films to date. His films are made in the Malayalam language and often
depict the society and culture of his native state Kerala. Nearly all of his films premired at Venice, Cannes
and Toronto International Film Festival. Along with Satyajit Ray and Mrinal Sen, Adoor is one of the most
recognized Indian film directors in world cinema.[3][4]

For his films, Adoor has won the National Film Award 16 times, next only to Ray and Sen. He also won the
Kerala State Film Awards a record 17 times. He was awarded the State honours Padma Shri in 1984 and the
Padma Vibhushan in 2006. He received the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 2004 for his valuable contributions
to Indian cinema.[5]
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Contents
1 Biography
2 Documentaries and 'New Cinema' movement
3 Style and trademarks
4 Awards and milestones
5 Posts held
6 Filmography
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links

Biography[edit]
Gopalakrishnan was born on 3 July 1941 in the village of Mannadi ( Medayil Bungalow ) near Adoor,
present day Kerala, India as the son of Madhavan Unnithan and Mouttathu Gauri Kunjamma. He started his
artistic life as an actor in amateur plays when he was 8. Later he shifted his base to writing and direction and
wrote and directed a few plays. After securing a degree in Economics, Political Science and Public
Administration in 1961 from the Gandhigram Rural Institute,[6] he worked as a Government officer near
Dindigul in Tamil Nadu . In 1962, he left his job to study screenwriting and direction from the Pune Film
Institute. He completed his course from there with a scholarship from the Government of India. With his
classmates and friends, Adoor established Chithralekha Film Society and Chalachithra Sahakarana
Sangham; the organization was the first film society in Kerala and it aimed at production, distribution and
exhibition of films in the co-operative sector.

Adoor has scripted and directed eleven feature films and about thirty short films and documentaries. Notable
amongst the non-feature films are those on Kerala’s performing arts.

Malayalm cinema
director Adoor
Ghopalakrishnan while
attending Sharjah Book
Fair 2013 programme

Adoor's debut film, the national award-winning Swayamvaram (1972) was a milestone in Malayalam film
history. The film was exhibited widely in various international film festivals including those held in Moscow,
Melbourne, London and Paris. The films that followed namely Kodiyettam, Elippathayam, Mukhamukham,
Anantaram, Mathilukal, Vidheyan and Kathapurushan lived up to the reputation of his first film and were
well received by critics at various film festivals and fetched him many awards. However, Mukhamukham was
criticized in Kerala while Vidheyan was at the centre of a debate due to the differences in opinion between
the writer of story of the film Sakhariya and Adoor.

Adoor's later films are Nizhalkuthu, narrating the experiences of an executioner who comes to know that one
of his subjects was innocent, and Naalu Penungal, a film adaptation of four short stories by Thakazhi
Sivasankara Pillai.

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All his films have won national and international awards (National award for best film twice, best director
five times, and best script two times. His films have also won his actors and technicians several national
awards). Adoor’s third feature, Elippathayam won him the coveted British Film Institute Award for 'the most
original and imaginative film' of 1982. The International Film Critics Prize (FIPRESCI) has gone to him six
times successively for Mukhamukham, Anantharam, Mathilukal, Vidheyan, Kathapurushan and
Nizhalkkuthu. Winner of several international awards like the UNICEF film prize (Venice), OCIC film prize
(Amiens), INTERFILM Prize (Mannheim) etc., his films have been shown in Cannes, Venice, Berlin,
Toronto, London, Rotterdam and every important festival around the world.

In consideration of his contribution to Indian cinema, the nation honoured him with the title of Padma
Shri(India's fourth highest civilian award) in 1984 and Padma Vibhushan(India's second highest civilian
award) in 2006.

Adoor is settled in Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum) in Kerala. His daughter Aswathi Dorje is an IPS
officer (part of the Assam cadre, 2000 batch), currently acting as Deputy Commissioners of Police in
Mumbai since June 2010.[7][8]

Documentaries and 'New Cinema' movement[edit]

Adoor standing next to his portrait

Apart from nine feature films, he has over 30 short films and documentaries to his credit. The Helsinki Film
Festival was the first film festival to have a retrospective of his films. He has headed the jury at the National
Film Awards and many international film festivals.

Apart from his films, Adoor's major contribution towards introducing a new cinema culture in Kerala was the
constitution of the first Film Society in Kerala, "Chitralekha Film Society". He also took active part in the
constitution of "Chitralekha," Kerala's first Film Co-operative Society for film production. These movements
triggered a fresh wave of films, called "art films," by directors like G Aravindan, PA Becker, KG George,
Pavithran, and Raveendran. At a time this movement was so strong that even popular cinema synthesised
with art cinema to create a new genre of films.Bharat Gopi starred as hero 4 times in his ventures.

Style and trademarks[edit]

Adoor has been known as a director who completely dictates every fine detail of his films. On the
performance of actors in his movies, he stated that - "It is not the artist's job to do the detailing. I do not want
different interpretations of roles that may clash with each other. It has to be absolutely unified." He normally
does not encourage his crew to read the script or even the stories. The actors are told at the time of shooting
about the role and the scenes before conducting several rehearsals. According to Adoor "[i]n movies, the
actor is not performing to the audience like the stage actor. Here they are acting for me. I am the audience
and I will decide whether it is correct or not, enough or not."[9]
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Awards and milestones[edit]

Some of the awards Gopalakrishnan has won for his films include:

2015- Biswaratna Dr Bhupen Hazarika International Solidarity Award

2013 - Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award C. B. Kumar Endowment for Cinema yum Samskaravum
(Essay)
2010 - Honorary Doctorate (D.Litt) from University of Kerala
2006 - Padma Vibhushan — Second highest civilian award from Government of India[10]
2004 - Dadasaheb Phalke Award — Lifetime Achievement Award in Film awarded by the Government
of India[5]
1996 - Honorary Doctorate (D.Litt) from Mahatma Gandhi University[11]
1984 - Padma Shri — Fourth highest civilian award from Government of India[12]
1984 - Legion of Honour — French order, the highest decoration in France[13]
National Film Awards — Various categories for Swayamvaram, Kodiyettam, Elippathayam,
Mukhamukham, Anantaram, Mathilukal, Vidheyan, Kathapurushan, Nizhalkkuthu and Naalu
Pennungal
Kerala State Film Awards: — Various categories for Kodiyettam, Elippathayam, Mukhamukham,
Anantaram, Vidheyan and Oru Pennum Randaanum
International Film Critics Prize (FIPRESCI) — won consecutively for six feature films
(Mukhamukham, Anantaram, Mathilukal, Vidheyan, Kathapurushan and Nizhalkkuthu)[14]
London Film Festival — Sutherland Trophy — in 1982 for Elippathayam
British Film Institute Award — Most Original Imaginative Film of 1982 — Elippathayam[15]
Commandeur of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by French Government (2003)[16]
Lifetime achievement award at Cairo International Film Festival.

National Film Awards (Detailed):

1973 - Best Film - Swayamvaram

1973 - Best Director - Swayamvaram
1978 - Best Feature Film in Malayalam - Kodiyettam
1980 - National Film Award – Special Jury Award / Special Mention (Non-Feature Film) - The Chola
Heritage
1982 - Best Feature Film in Malayalam - Elippathayam
1984 - Best Book on Cinema - Cinemayude Lokam
1985 - Best Director - Mukhamukham
1985 - Best Feature Film in Malayalam - Mukhamukham
1985 - Best Screenplay - Mukhamukham
1988 - Best Director - Anantharam
1988 - Best Screenplay - Anantharam
1990 - Best Director - Mathilukal
1990 - Best Feature Film in Malayalam - Mathilukal
1994 - Best Feature Film in Malayalam - Vidheyan
1995 - Best Film - Kathapurushan
2003 - Best Feature Film in Malayalam - Nizhalkkuthu
2008 - Best Director - Naalu Pennungal

Kerala State Film Awards (Detailed):

Best Film

1977 - Best Film - Kodiyettam

1981 - Best Film - Elippathayam
1984 - Best Film - Mukhamukham
1993 - Best Film - Vidheyan
2008 - Best Film - Oru Pennum Randaanum
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Best Director

1977 - Best Director - Kodiyettam

1984 - Best Director - Mukhamukham
1987 - Best Director - Anantharam
1993 - Best Director - Vidheyan
2008 - Best Director - Oru Pennum Randaanum

Best Story

1977 - Best Story - Kodiyettam

Best Screen Play

1993 - Best Screen Play - Vidheyan

2008 - Best Screen Play - Oru Pennum Randaanum

Best Documentary Film

1982 - Best Documentary Film - Krishnanattam

1999 - Best Documentary Film - Kalamandalam Gopi

Best Short Film

2005 - Best Short Film - Kalamandalam Ramankutty Nair

Best Book on Cinema

2004 - Best Book on Cinema - Cinemanubhavam

A retrospective of his films was conducted in

Kolkata, by Seagull Foundation for the Arts and Nandan, 2009.[17]

The Slovenian International Film Festival, 2009.[18]
The Munich Film Museum, 2009.[19]
The French Cinematheque, Paris, 1999.[20]

Posts held[edit]
Adoor also worked in several respected posts in the film fraternity. He was a member of Sivaramakarath
committee formed by the Government of India for framing a national film policy. He was a national film
award committee member in 1974. He was a member of jury in Venice, Singapore, Hawaii and Delhi
international film festivals. He was the chairman of International Film Festival of Kerala in 1999. He headed
the National Film Development Corporation in the years 1980–1983. He was the director of Pune Film and
Television Institute. In the years 1975–1977, he was a member of the advisory board for National Film
Archives, Pune.

Filmography[edit]
Year Title Duration Category Cast Awards
1965 A Great Day 20 mins Short fiction
1966 A Day at Kovalam 30 mins Documentary
50 Merit Certificate, Expo 67,
1967 The Myth Short fiction
Seconds Montreal
Danger at Your
1968 20 mins Documentary
Door-step
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Year Title Duration Category Cast Awards

1968 And Man created 8 mins Documentary
Manntharikal
1968 20 mins Documentary
(Grains of Sand)
Towards National
1969 20 mins Documentary
STD
1969 A Mission of Love 30 mins Documentary
1966 Your Food 60 mins Documentary
Pratisandhi (The
1970 55 mins Docu-drama
Impasse)
Romance of
1971 30 mins Documentary
Rubber
Madhu, Sharada, National Awards for Best Film,
Swayamvaram Bharath Gopi, Best Director, Best Actress and
1972 (One's Own 125 mins Feature film Thikkurissy Best Cinematographer. Entered
Choice) Sukumaran Nair, K. P. into the 8th Moscow International
A. C. Lalitha Film Festival.[21]
Kilimanooril Oru
Dasalakshadhipati
1973 20 mins Documentary
(A Millionaire is
Born)
1974 Guru Chengannur 17 mins Documentary
Past in
1975 20 mins Documentary
Perspective
1976 Idukki 60 mins Documentary
Bharath Gopi, K. P. A.
C. Lalitha,
Kodiyettam National Awards for Best Feature
1977 128 mins Feature film Thikkurissy
(Ascent) Film in Malayalam and Best Actor
Sukumaran Nair,
Adoor Bhavani, Aziz
Four Shorts on
1978 16 mins Documentary
Family Planning
1979 Yakshagana 20 mins Documentary
1980 Chola Heritage 20 mins Documentary
Sutherland Trophy at 1982
Karamana Janardanan London Film Festival
Elippathayam
1981 121 mins Feature film Nair, Sharada, Jalaja, National Awards for Best Feature
(The Rat Trap)
Rajam K. Nair, Soman Film in Malayalam and Best
Audiography
1982 Krishnanattam 20 mins Documentary
Ganga, Balan K. Nair,
FIPRESCI Prize, New Delhi,
Karamana Janardanan
Mukhamukham National Awards for Best
1984 107 mins Feature film Nair, Kaviyoor
(Face to Face) Director, Best Screenplay and
Ponnamma, Ashokan,
Best Audiography
K. P. A. C. Lalitha
Eau/Ganga
1985 140 mins Documentary Grand Prize, Cinema du reel, Paris
(Ganges-Water)
FIPRESCI Prize, Karlovy Vary.
Mammootty, Ashokan,
Anantaram National awards for best director,
1987 125 mins Feature film Shobana, Balan K.
(Monologue) best screenplay, and best
Nair, Bahadoor
audiography

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Year Title Duration Category Cast Awards

"Mammootty", Murali, FIPRESCI prize, Venice, UNICEF
Thilakan, K. P. A. C. Film Prize, Venice, OCIC Prize,
Mathilukal (The
1990 117 mins Feature film Lalitha (Voice), Amiens. National Award for best
Walls)
Karamana Janardanan director, best actor, best regional
Nair film and best audiography
Feature FIPRESCI and Special
Mammootty, Tanvi Jury Prize, Singapore. Interfilm
Vidheyan (The Azmi, M.R. Jury Prize, Mannheim. Netpac
1993 112 mins Feature film
Servile) Gopakumar, Sabitha prize, Rotterdam. National Award
Anand for best actor and best regional
film
Viswanathan, Mini
Kathapurushan
Nair, Narendra Prasad, FIPRESCI Prize, National award
1995 (The Man of the 107 mins Feature film
Aranmula Ponnamma, for the best film
Story)
Urmila Unni
Kalamandalam
1995 43 mins Documentary
Gopi
2001 Koodiyattam 180 mins Documentary
Oduvil Unnikrishnan,
Sukumari, Murali,
Nizhalkuthu FIPRESCI, Mumbai. National
2002 90 mins Feature film Nedumudi Venu,
(Shadow Kill) award for best regional film
Jagathy Sreekumar,
Narain
Kalamandalam
2005 73 mins Documentary
Ramankutty Nair
Dance of the
2007 72 mins Documentary
Enchantress
Nandita Das, Kavya
Madhavan, Geetu
Mohandas,
Naalu Pennungal
2007 105 mins Feature film Padmapriya, Manju National Award for best director
(Four Women)
Pillai, Murali,
Mukesh, Manoj K.
Jayan
Nedumudi Venu,
Oru Pennum Manoj K. Jayan,
Randaanum (A Jagadish, Kerala State award for best
2008 115 mins Feature film
Climate for Vijayaraghavan, director 2009
Crime) Indrans, Ravi
Vallathol, Praveena
Dileep, Kavya
Madhavan,
Vijayaraghavan,
2016 Pinneyum Feature film
Indrans, Ravi
Vallathol, Srinda
Ashab

References[edit]
1. ^ "Film and Television Institute of India (FTII) keen to go global, train foreign actors & technicians -
Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
2. ^ "Golden rigmaroles: Adoor Gopalakrishnan on the Malayalam screen". deccanchronicle.com/. 31
July 2016. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
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3. ^ https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0329715/
4. ^ https://www.britannica.com/biography/Adoor-Gopalakrishnan
5. ^ a b "Adoor selected for Phalke award". Chennai, India: The Hindu. 6 September 2005. Archived
from the original on 5 May 2014. Retrieved 3 July 2011.
6. ^ "Page on Adoor Gopalakrishnan at Kerala tourism". Retrieved 8 February 2008.
7. ^ A correspondent Date: 2010-06-02 Place: Mumbai (2 June 2010). "Husband-wife set to take charge
as Mumbai's DCPs". Mid-day.com. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
8. ^ "Crimebusters". The Telegraph. Calcutta, India. 23 January 2005.
9. ^ " 'Naalu Pennungal' not complex like my other films: Adoor". Yahoo India Movies. Retrieved 28
May 2009.
10. ^ "Adoor honoured with Padma award". Rediff.com. 21 March 2006. Retrieved 28 May 2009.
11. ^ "Mahatma Gandhi University". Government of Kerala. 5 October 2014. Archived from the original
on 5 October 2014. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
12. ^ " 'Naalu Pennungal' not complex like my other films: Adoor". Retrieved 3 July 2011.
13. ^ "Celebrating Cinema: 5 Reasons You Should Know About this Pioneer of New Wave – The Penguin
Digest". penguin.co.in. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
14. ^ "Official Website of Adoor Gopalakrishnan". Retrieved 28 May 2009.
15. ^ "Dadasaheb Phalke awardee Adoor Gopalakrishnan completes 50 years in cinema". India Today.
Retrieved 25 April 2018.
16. ^ "Adoor receives French honour". The Times of India. 22 October 2003. Retrieved 14 July 2008.
17. ^ "Adoor Gopalakrishnan's Retrospective in Kolkata". Sify. 9 March 2009. Retrieved 29 May
2009.[dead link]
18. ^ "Adoor retrospective at Slovenian festival". Chennai, India: The Hindu. 15 November 2008.
Archived from the original on 1 July 2012. Retrieved 29 May 2009.
19. ^ "Adoor retrospective". Chennai, India: The Hindu. 5 September 2009. Archived from the original on
1 July 2012. Retrieved 29 May 2009.
20. ^ "Interview: Adoor". Cinema of Malayalam. Archived from the original on 19 August 2009.
Retrieved 29 May 2009.
21. ^ "8th Moscow International Film Festival (1973)". MIFF. Archived from the original on 16 January
2013. Retrieved 2013-01-03.

Further reading[edit]
Gautaman Bhaskaran (2010). Adoor Gopalakrishnan: A Life in Cinema. New Delhi: Penguin Books
India.
Lalit Mohan Joshi, C. S. Venkiteswaran (2006). A Door to Adoor. London: South Asian Cinema
Foundation.
M. F. Thomas, ed. (1986). Adoorinte Lokam (in Malayalam). Calicut, India: Mulberry.
M. F. Thomas, ed. (2005). Adoorinte Chalachithrayathrakal (in Malayalam). Trivandrum, India: Sign
Books.
Akbar Kakkattil (2006). Varoo, Adoorilekku Pokam (Interview with Adoor Gopalakrishnan) (in
Malayalam). Kottayam, India: DC Books.
B. Sreeraj. Adoorinte Sarga Yathra (in Malayalam). India.
R. Pavithran. Kazhchayile Kana Thalangal (in Malayalam). India.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Adoor Gopalakrishnan.

Official website of Adoor

Official Website of Information and Public Relation Department of Kerala
Adoor Gopalakrishnan on IMDb
Adoor's oeuvre on Rediff
Collection of photos of Adoor
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Profile of Adoor on Weblokam

Profile at 'Cinema of Malayalam'
'The Road to Modern Times', Naalu Pennungal and the cinema of Adoor Gopalakrishnan, Mint
Lounge 8 September 2007, by Arjun Razdan
Adoorinte Sargaprapancham [Documentary] (in six parts). YouTube.

[show]
v
t
e

Feature films directed by Adoor Gopalakrishnan

Awards for Adoor Gopalakrishnan [show]

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GND: 12107207X
ISNI: 0000 0000 8204 7523
Authority
LCCN: n85195031
control
SUDOC: 139638113
VIAF: 19986007
WorldCat Identities (via VIAF): 19986007

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adoor_Gopalakrishnan&oldid=905338813"

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