Material:FR-4 (x-axis:14; y-axis:12; z-axis:70 m/m.

K)
m
α ≔ 70 ⋅ 10 -6 ――
m⋅C
E ≔ 193 ⋅ 10 3 MPa

μ ≔ 0.46

T0 ≔ 25 C

Tf ≔ -195 C
W
kt ≔ 0.29 ――
m⋅C

kg
ρ ≔ 1850 ――
m3

J
Cp ≔ 1150 ――
kg ⋅ C

kt mm 2
k ≔ ――= 0.136 ――
ρ ⋅ Cp s
ϕ ≔ 36 mm
ϕ
b ≔ ―= ? mm
2
W
hc ≔ 120 ―――
m2 ⋅ C

Problem Statement: To determine the time required for centre of cylinder to reach -194 C.

t' ≔ 2 mm

b ⋅ t'
Lc ≔ ―――= 0.9 mm
2 ((b + t'))

hc ⋅ L c
Bi ≔ ――= 0.372
kt

As Βi is greater than 0.1, Circular Disk is Classified as ''Thermally Thick" material

Temperature Ratio

T' ≔ -194 C T'=T (0,t)

 T' - Tf
――― = 0.005
T0 - Tf

From Table 9.1 find Α1 and β1

A1 ≔ 1.087 β1 ≔ 0.822

From Table D-1, Values for the Bessel Function can be found out
Ο≔0

J0 ((Ο)) ≔ 1

F0 ≔ 8.106

T' is the length through which

conduction occurs (m) or for transient
difffusion, it is defined as length of
intrest in context of fourier number.

((48.169)) min
t ≔ ――――― = 0.803 min
60

t = 48.169 s
For fourier number , Corresponding surface temperature is found from equation
T''=T(b,t) J0 ⎛⎝β1⎞⎠ ≔ 0.838

J1 ⎛⎝β1⎞⎠ ≔ 0.377
⎛ 2
⋅ F0⎞⎠
A1 ⋅ e ⎝-β1 ⋅ J0 ⎛⎝β1⎞⎠ = 0.004

Writing the equation for radial stress considering only first term of the series

r ≔ 18 mm

⎛ r⎞
new ≔ ⎜β1 ⋅ ―⎟ = 0.822
⎝ b⎠

Table D.1:

J1 ((new)) ≔ 0.377

J0 ((new)) ≔ 0.838

α ⋅ E ⋅ ⎛⎝T0 - Tf⎞⎠ ⎛ A1 ⎞ ⎛ 2 ⎞ ⎛ J1 ((new)) ⎞

σr ≔ ―――――⋅ ⎜―⎟ ⋅ e ⎝-β1 ⋅ F0⎠ ⋅ ⎜J1 ⎛⎝β1⎞⎠ - ―――⎟ = 0 MPa
1-μ ⎝ β1 ⎠ ⎜ r
― ⎟
⎜⎝ b ⎟⎠

Important: if, new ≤ 0.1 i.e r ≤ 3.77786173 mm , results are invalid, as table D.1 has values only
for new ≥ 0.1
 α ⋅ E ⋅ ⎛⎝T0 - Tf⎞⎠ ⎛ A1 ⎞ ⎛ 2 ⎞ ⎛ J1 ((new)) ⎞
σθ ≔ ―――――⋅ ⎜―⎟ ⋅ e ⎝-β1 ⋅ F0⎠ ⋅ ⎜J1 ⎛⎝β1⎞⎠ + ―――- β1 ⋅ J0 ((new))⎟ = 1.983 MPa
1-μ ⎝ β1 ⎠ ⎜ r ⎟
―
⎜⎝ b ⎟⎠

⎛ 2
⋅ F0⎞⎠
ΔT ≔ ⎛⎝T0 - Tf⎞⎠ ⋅ A1 ⋅ e ⎝-β1 ⋅ J0 ((new)) For Fo ≥ 0.20

ε0 ≔ 0

1 - μ2 ⎛ μ ⎞
εr ≔ ――― ⋅ ⎜σr - ――⋅ σθ⎟ + ((1 + μ)) ⋅ α ⋅ ΔT - μ ⋅ ε0 = 7.874 ⋅ 10 -5
E ⎝ 1-μ ⎠

u ≔ r ⋅ εr = 1.417 μm

u = 0.001 mm

A ≔ π ⋅ r 2 = 1017.876 mm 2
2
A' ≔ π ⋅ ((r - u)) = 1017.716 mm 2

ΔA ≔ A - A' = 0.16 mm 2

Percentage Change in Area

⎛ ΔA ⎞
⎜―― ⎟ ⋅ 100 = 0.016
⎝ A ⎠

Note: 1)Radial stress is stress towards or away from the central axis of a component.
2)The radial stress for a thick-walled cylinder is equal and opposite to the gauge
pressure on the inside surface, and zero on the outside surface.