 Reference ranges

 End and review

Question 30 of 298

Which of the following hormonal agents will increase secretions of water and electrolytes in pancreatic
juice?

Secretin

Aldosterone

Somatostatin

Cholecystokinin

Adrenaline

Secretin causes secretion of water and electrolytes

Cholecystokinin causes enzyme secretion

While secretin will typically increase electrolyte and water volume of secretions, the enzyme content in
increased by cholecystokinin. Somatostatin will decrease the volume of secretions. Aldosterone will tend
to conserve electrolytes.
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Pancreas exocrine physiology

Composition of pancreatic secretions

Pancreatic secretions are usually 1000-1500ml per 24 hours and have a pH of 8.
Secretion Source Substances secreted

Trypsinogen
Procarboxylase
Enzymic Acinar cells
Amylase
Elastase
 Sodium
Bicarbonate
Water
Ductal and Centroacinar
Aqueous Potassium
cells
Chloride
NB: Sodium and potassium reflect their plasma levels; chloride and bicarbonate vary with
flow rate

Regulation
The cephalic and gastric phases (neuronal and physical) are less important in regulating the pancreatic
secretions. The effect of digested material in the small bowel stimulates CCK release and ACh which
stimulate acinar and ductal cells. Of these CCK is the most potent stimulus. In the case of the ductal cells
these are potently stimulated by secretin which is released by the S cells of the duodenum. This results in
an increase in bicarbonate.

Enzyme activation
Trypsinogen is converted via enterokinase to active trypsin in the duodenum. Trypsin then activates the
other inactive enzymes
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