RELATIVE PRONOUN

Comprehend it:
1. Independent clause : the teacher likes us
2. Dependent clause : because we are amazing
3. Sentence : The teacher likes us because we are amazing.

Relative pronoun is a clause which uses the noun/pronoun to combine dependent

clause (adjective clause) to independent clause (adjective clause pronoun).

Adjective clauseis a dependent clause (subordinate clause) which modifies the noun.
Example: The man is kind.  I met a man who is kind.
nounadj noun adj clause
modifies

Adjective clause pronoun (relative pronoun) is an adjective clause modifies the character
of a noun/pronoun.
Example:
I want to study English.
It is very easy and interesting.
Pronoun I want to study English which is very easy and interesting.
adj clause

modifies/replaces

FORMS OF RELATIVE PRONOUN

1. Use as the subject

a. For person uses “who” or “that”
I know the old woman.
She was the best singer in Grammy award.
 I know the old woman who was the best singer in Grammy award.
 I know the old woman that was the best singer in Grammy award.
b. For thing uses “which” or “that”
This book is very expensive.
It is the best seller in the world.
 This book which is the best seller in the world is very expensive.
 This book that is the best seller in The world is very expensive.

2. Use as the objectof a verb

a. For person uses “whom” or “that”
The man is standing beside the pole.
You love him so much.
 The man whom you love so much is standing beside the pole.
 The man that you love so much is standing beside the pole.
 The man Ø you love so much is standing beside the pole.
 b. For thing uses “which” or “that”
The story was very interesting.
You made it.
 The storywhich you made was very interesting.
 The story that you made was very interesting.
 The story Ø you made was very interesting.

3. Use as the objectof a preposition

a. For person
Your mother is very kind.
I talked to her this morning.
 Your mother to whom I talked this morning is very kind.
 Your mother whom I talked to this morning is very kind.
 Your mother thatI talked to this morning is very kind.
 Your mother Ø I talked to this morning is very kind.
b. For thing
This book is very good.
I have been reading about it all day.
 This book about which I have been reading all day is very good.
 This book whichI have been reading about all day is very good.
 This book that I have been reading about all day is very good.
 This book Ø I have been reading about all day is very good.

4. Using Whose to replace possesive adjective

a. For person
I have a younger brother.
His brain is brilliant.
 I have a younger brother whose brain is brilliant.
b. For thing
That is the chair.
Its legs are broken.
That is the chair whose legs are broken.
That is the chair,the legs of which are broken.

5. Using Where to modifies a place

The building is very old.
He lives there. (in that building)
The building where he lives is very old.
The building in which he lives is very old.
The building which he lives in is very old.
The building that he lives in is very old.
The building Ø he lives in is very old.

6. Using When to modifies a time

I never forget the day.
 I met you then. (on that day)
I never forget the day when I met you.
I never forget the day on which I met you.
I never forget the day that I met you.
I never forget the day Ø I met you.

7. Using expression of quantity

There are 20 students in this class.
Most of them are from Pare.
The are 20 students in this class, most of whom are from Pare.
He bought three English books.
All of them are expensive books.
 He boughtthree English books, All of which are expensive books.
They are discussing the task.
One of their task is very complicated.
 They are discussing the task, One of whose task is very complicated.
Reviewing Relative Pronoun

1. Used as Subject
a. Person
b. Things

2. Used as Object of a verb

a. Person
b. Thing

3. Used Object of preposition

a. Person : Talk to
b. Things : Listen to

4. Used as adverb of place

a. In
b. At
c. On

5. Used as adverb of time

a. In
b. On
EXERCISE
Make the adjective clause!
1. He looks for a girl. She has good behavior.
2. I saw a cat yesterday. It was running in the yard.
3. The boy is smart. I met him this morning.
4. They read a letter. I made it.
5. She helps the boy. His car is out of order.
6. We call the girl. Her mother is watering flowers.
7. The man was very kind. I talked to him yesterday.
8. I come from a country. Its history goes back thousands of years.
9. The city was beautiful. We spent our vacation there (in that city).
10. Yesterday was the time. We last saw you then (at the time).