PRMO

Paper-2
Time : 3 Hrs. M.M. : 102
General Instructions:
1. There are 30 questions in this question paper. All questions are compulsory.
2. Each question has a one or two digit number as answer.
3. Question 1 to 6 carries 2 marks each, questions 7 to 21carries 3 marks each and questions 22 to 30
carries 5 marks each.
4. No negative marking.

1. Find the number of prime numbers less than 100 which can he expressed as the sum of the squares of
two natural numbers.
Ans. 12

2. Find the number of non-negative integral solution of the equation x + y + z = 15 where x ≤ 3 and y ≤ 4.
Ans. 20

3. The symbol 3! means 3 × 2 × 1, which equals 6. Similarly, 4! means 4 × 3 × 2 × 1, which equal 24.
Find the greatest prime factor of the sum 5! + 7!.
Ans. 43

4. In the adjoining figure AB = AC. The exterior angle CAX = 140° D is the point on AB such that
CB = CD. DE is drawn parallel to BC to meet AC at E. The measure of the ∠DCE in degrees is
________.
x

D E

B C

Ans. 30

5. Positive integers a and b are such that a + b = a/b + b/a. What is the value of a2 + b2?
Ans. 02

6. What is the greatest possible perimeter of a right-angled triangle with integer side lengths if one of the
sides has length 12?
Ans. 84

7. Let n be the largest integer that is the product of exactly 3 distinct prime numbers, x, y and 10x + y,
where x and y are digits. What is the sum of the digits of n?
Ans. 12

Si
8. Let Sn be the sum of first n terms of an AP {an}. If S15 > 0 and S16 < 0 and if is the maximum ratio
ai
S1 S2 _____ S15
among , . Find i.
a1 a 2 a15

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Ans. 08

9. In the sequence 1, 23, 45, 67, 89, 1011, 1213, ……….. 9899, 100101, 102103 ……….. (from the
second term on wards, two consecutive natural numbers written together in the natural order, form the
terms). Find the number of terms having four digits.
Ans. 45

10. In a geometric sequence of real numbers, the sum of the first two terms is 7 and the sum of the first six
terms is 91. What is the sum of the first four terms ?
Sol. 28
Let a denote the first term of the geometric sequence and r denote the common ratio. The stated
conditions imply that
7 = a + ar
and that
91 = a + ar + ar2 + ar3 + ar4 + ar5
= (a + ar)(1 + r2 + r4) = 7(1 + r2 + r4).
As a consequence,
13 = 1 + r2 + r4
and
0 = r4 + r2 – 12 = (r2 + 4) (r2 – 3).
Hence r2 = 3, and the sum of the first four terms of the sequence is
a + ar + ar2 + ar3 = (a + ar) (1 + r2) = 7(1 + 3) = 28.

3a n − 1
11. Let a1 = 3, and define an + 1 = for all positive integers n. Find a2011.
an + 3
Sol. 03
3x − 1
3 –1
3x − 1 x+ 3 3x − 3 − x − 3 x− 3
Let f(x) = =
. Then f(f(x)) = = .
x+ 3 3x − 1 3x − 1 + 3x + 3 3x + 1
+ 3
x+ 3
3x − 1
– 3
x+ 3 3x − 1 − 3x − 3 −1
=
f(f(f(x))) = = . So f(f(f(f)(f(f(x))))) = x.
3x − 1 3x − 3 + x + 3 x
3 +1
x+ 3
Since 2010 = 6 × 335, a2011 = f (f(f ..f(f (3))...)) = 3.
 
2010 copies

12. What are the last 2 digits of the sum 1 + 11 + 111 + … + 111...111
  ?
2014 digits

Sol. 44
Last digit : 2014 → 4
Second last digit : 2013 + 201 = 2214 → 4
∴ the last 2 digits are 44.

13. Suppose x, y, z is a geometric sequence with common ratio r and x ≠ y. If x, 2y, 3z is an arithemetic
sequence, then, 27r is ?
Ans. 09

14. Define a sequence recursively by F0 = 0, F1 = 1, and Fn = the remainder when Fn – 1 + Fn – 2 is divided by

3, for all n ≥ 2. Thus the sequence starts 0, 1, 1, 2, 0, 2… What is F2017 + F2018 + F2019 + F2020 + F2022 +
F2023 + F2024 ?
Ans. 09

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15. Let S(n) equal the sum of the digits of positive integer n. For example, S(1507) = 13. For a particular
positive integer n, S(n) = 1274. Find the value of [S(n + 1) – 1200] ?
Ans. Bonus

16. The sum of an infinite geometric series is a positive number S, and the second term in the series is 1.
What is the smallest possible value of S ?
Ans. 04

17. How many four digit integers abcd, with a ≠ 0, have the property that the three two-digit integers
ab < bc < cd form an increasing arithmetic sequence? One such number is 4692, where a = 4, b = 6,
c = 9, and d = 2.
Ans. 17

18. The product (8)(888….8), where the second factor has k digits, is an integer whose digits have a sum of
1000. Find the value of (1000 – k) ?
Ans. 09

19. Two non-decreasing sequences of nonnegative integers have different first terms. Each sequence has
the property that each term beginning with the third is the sum of the previous two terms, and the
k
seventh term of each sequences is N. If the smallest possible value of N is k, find .
2
Ans. 52

20. Consider the set of numbers {1, 10, 102, 103, …1010}. The ratio of the largest element of the set to the
sum of the other ten elements of the set is closest to which integer ?
Ans. 09

21. The number of two digit number divisible by the product of the digit is
Ans. 05
Sol. Let the number be denoted by ab so that it is equal to 10a + b. As ab the product of the digits a and b,
divides (10a + b), we must have 'a' as a divisor of b. i.e. a ≤ b. As a and b are from 0, 1, 2, ...., 9 it
follows that 'a' can at best be 4. i.e. a ≤ 4. When a = 1, of the numbers 11, 12, ......, 19 only 11, 12 and
15 have the desired property. When a = 2, of the numbers 21, 22, ....29 only 24 has the needed property.
When a = 3, of the numbers 31, 32, ....39 only 36 shas the required property. When a = 4, of the
numbers 41, 42, ....49 none has the required property. Thus the number of numbers with the stated
property is 5, viz., the numbers 11, 12, 15, 24 and 36.

22. Given that (a – 5)2 + (b – c)2 + (c – d)2 + (b + c + d – 9)2 = 0, find (a + b + c) (b + c + d) = ?

Ans. 99
Sol. Assuming a, b, c, d to be all real, since the sum of the four squared terms is zero, each term is zero.
∴a–5=b–c=c–d=b+c+d–9=0
∴ a = 5, b = c = d = 3
hence (a + b + c) (b + c + d) = 11 × 9

ABCD
+ BCD
23. In this addition each letter represents a different digit. Which is the absent digit ?
GHIJK
Ans. 03

24. Five children each owned a different number of rupees. The ratio of any one's fortune to the fortune of
every child poorer than himself was an integer. The combined fortune of the children was 847 rupees.
The least number of rupees that a child had was
Ans. 07

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Sol. let the children shave a, b, c, d and e rupees such that they are integers sand a ≥ b ≥ c ≥ d ≥ e. It is given
that a + b + c + d + e = 847 and b, c, d, e are divisors of a; c, d, e are divisors of b; d, e are divisors c;
and e is divisor of d.
As e divides exactly a, b, c, d and e it is a factor of a + b + c + d + e = 847 = 7 × 11 × 11. But the least
value obviously is 7. Hence any child must had at least Rs. 7.

25. A number with 8 digit is a multiple of 73 and also a multiple of 137. The second digit from the left
equals 7. Then the 6th digit from the left equals.
Ans. 07
Sol. The number is a multiple of 137 and 73. As 137 and 73 are primes, the number is also a multiple of
137 × 73 = 10001. The eight digit number which is a multiple of 10001 can got by multiplying a four
digit number abcd by 10001. The product is obviously abcd abcd. The second and the sixth digits from
the left are both equal to b. hence if the second digit is 7 then the sixth digit is also 7.

26. Let n be the least positive integer such that 1260 × n is the cube of a natural number. Then n satisfies
100q + r. Find r.
Ans. 50
Sol. Let n be the smallest positive integer such that 1260n = m3 for a positive integer m.
As 1260 = 22 × 32 × 5 × 7 1260 n will be a cube if n = 2 × 3 × 52 × 72 = 7350. For this value of n,
1260 × 7350 = (2 × 3 × 5 × 7) = (210)3 . Thus 1000 < n < 10000

27. If (43)x in base x number system is equal to (34)y in base y number system the possible value for x + y is
Ans. Bonus
Sol. The number 43 to base x is equal to the decimal 4x + 3. Similarly the number 34 to base y is equal to
the decimal 3y + 4. As these two decimal numbers are equal 4x + 3 = 3y + 4, or
4(x + y) = 7y + 1. In other words 4(x + y) – 1 is a multiple of 7. Of the option given x + y = 16 alone is
such that 4(x + y) – 1 = 63 is a multiple of 7.

9 − ( n + 2) a real number ?
2
28. For how many integers n is
Ans. 07
For 9 − ( n + 2) to be real 9 – (n + 2)2 ≥ 0 or (n + 2)2 ≤ 9. Hence n + 2 = – 3, –2, – 1, 0, 1, 2, 3. As n is
2
Sol.
an integer, n can be –5, –4, –3, –2, – 1, 0 or 1. Hence there are seven possible values for n. (C)

29. During holidays, five people A, B, C, D and E went swimming regularly. Each time they went exactly
one of them was missing. A went the least number of times (5 times) and E most often (8 times). Find
the total number of times B, C and D went.
Ans. 19
Sol. From the given information we observe that (i) E was present on all occasions, (ii) A missed out three
occasions, (iii) B, C, D together missed 5 occasions and (iv) no one except A missed 3 or more
occasions.
We, therefore, infer two of B, C, D missed 2 occasions while the third one occasion. In other words
among B, C, D two went swimming on 6 occasions and the other went on 7 occasions. (C)

30. Let [x] denote the greatest integer less than or equal to x, what is the last two digits of value of
 1  +  2  +  3  + .... +  2004  ?
Ans. 50
Sol.

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