Table of content

Abstract ii
List of figures iii
List of tables iv
List of abbreviations v
Chapter 1:
Introduction of Transportation 1
1.1General 1
1.2 Role of Transportation: 1
1.3 About Belagavi 2
1.4 What is a Tramway (Light Rail Transit) 4
1.5 Historical background 4
1.6 Features of LRT 5
1.7 Comparison with Metro rail 6
1.7.2 Comparison with Bus 6
1.7.3 Comparison with BRT (Bus-way) 7
1.8 Relevance of LRT for India 7
1.9 Kolkata tram 7
1.9.1Present mass rapid transit services in India 7
1.10 Need for a medium capacity mass rapid transit mode in India 8
1.11 Planning and design of LRT 8
1.12 System design 9
1.13 Construction Planning 10
1.14 Importance of tram way in transportation 10
1.15 Objectives 11

Chapter -2
Literature Review 12

Chapter 3
Methodology 14
3.1 Survey work 14
3.2 Design the elements of tramway 14

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Chapter-4
Track Geometrics
4.1 Alignment and Track work 15
4.2 Alignment and Track Structure Requirements 15
4.3 Guidelines to meet performance requirements. 15
4.4 Track Gauge 16
4.5 Track Spacing 18
4.6 Track Geometry 18
4.7 Track Stresses 20

Chapter-5
Geometrical Design & Track Alignment
5.1 Total Station Reading For Track Alignment 23
5.2 Road Alignment 29
5.3 Route Alignment 30
5.4 Tramway Track Alignment 31
5.5 Traffic survey 31
5.6 Analysis developed on Tracks or Track stress 32
5.7 Track Geometrics 32

Chapter -6
Track Components
6.1 turnouts and track crossing 35
6.2 Tramway switches 35
6.3 Frogs 37
6.4 Track equipment 38

Chapter-7

Conclusions 39

References

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 Abstract
The principal function of any transit system is to carry passengers efficiently and
in large numbers. Tramcars stand out in comparison to other vehicular modes within the
transport system of Belagavi for its uniqueness. Its economical, electrically operated
pollution-free mode, having a high carrying capacity is the most viable option for
growing cities like Belagavi. Populated cities of the world are reviving the Tramways
system since it runs on electricity and has a high carrying capacity. However the situation
in Belagavi is quite different. There is a constant rise in passenger demand but the
proportion met by tramways system strong competition it has to face with buses.
Tramways are not just technical solutions for traffic congestion; they have also become a
symbol of a cultural mutation in urban development planning. The present work is an
attempt to design the tramways from city bus stand to railway station (4.5KM) as a means
of mass transportation within the transport scenario of Belagavi and to design suitable
tramcars in the city.

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 List of figures
Fig1.1 Map of belagavi 3
Fig1.2 Historical background 4

Fig 1.3 Electric tram 5

Fig 1.4 Delhi Metro rail 6
Fig 1.5 Old & New Buses in Delhi 6
Fig 4.1 Resistance Due to Gradient 19

Fig 5.1 Details of Road Alignment 29

Fig 5.2 Details of Route Alignment 30

Fig 5.3 Details of Tramway Track Alignment 31

Fig 6.1 Figure 6.1 The main constituent parts of a tramway turnout 35
Fig 6.2. One-track right-hand single tramway turnout with a straight frog 35
Fig 6.3. Structural components of a right hand switch with low switch blades: I- the left
half of the switch, II- the right half of the switch 36

Fig 6.4. The principle of geometric layout of a switch with an extended blade zone – a
right-hand switch with low blades 37
Fig 6.4. Details Shallow-groove solid frog 37
Fig 6.5 An expansion joint made from LK 1 block grooved rails: I- left expansion joint,
II- right expansion joint 38

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 List of abbreviations
LRT: Light Rail Transit
BRT: Bus Rapid Transit
MRT: Mass Rapid Transit
LRV: Light Rail Vehicles
ROW: Right Of Way
ETB: Electrical trolley bus
OCC : Operation Control Centre

List of tables

Table no.5.1 –Details of Total station reading

Table no.5.2 –Details of R.L. Caclulation

Table no.5.3- Traffic survey of belgavi city

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