Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
EVOLUTION OF THE GENETIC CODE
- ensures that every cell of the body has the same genetic
CENTRAL DOGMA OF LIFE content (ex. chromosome number)
DNA -- Transcription -- RNA -- Translation -- Protein - to make this possible, cells must duplicate their genetic
---- Replication material which is primarily DNA
template for building a new strand in
replication
b. In DNA replication, the parent molecule
unwinds, and 2 new daughter strands are
built based on base-pairing rules
o Semiconservative model of replication
(Watson and Crick’s)
- predicts that when a double helix
replicates, each daughter molecule will
have one old strand (derived or
“conserved” from the parent molecule)
and one newly made strand
- 2 parent strand rejoins
o Dispersive model of replication
- each strand is a mix of old and new
o Phenotype – outside, visible characteristics of an
organism
o Any phenotype (red/white flower) – determined
by proteins/enzymes functioning in a metabolic
pathway
o Proteins – made after “turning on” specific
sequences of DNA called gene
o Particular sequences of DNA – transcribed into
mRNA in transcription
o mRNAs – serve as the process to produce
protein in translation
DNA REPLICATION
III. New DNA molecules – produced in a
- DNA strands separate and serve as template for the
5’-3’ direction
production of a new template
A. Features of replication
C. Enzymes in Replication
Helicase
Gyrase
SSB (Single Strand Binding proteins)
Primase / RNA polymerase
DNA polymerase
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
DNA RNA
A=T A=U
Adenine = Thynine
G=C G=C
Guanine = Cytosine
3’ --------- 5’ 5’ --------- 3’