1.

Considered as the Father of Political

Science
a. Aristotle b. Plato
c. Socrates d. Herodotus
a. Aristotle

Politics - an activity that involves the

interaction of people, whose relationship is
characterized by conflict and cooperation,
and who come together to solve such
disagreements through binding solutions.
2. Which of the following sets manifest
the composite view of politics?
1. Public affairs
2. Art of government
3. Conflcts and differences
4. Compromise and consensus
5. Acquisition of wealth and income
6. Power and distribution of resources

a. 1, 2, 3, and 4 b. 1, 3, 4, and 6

c.c.1,
1,2,
2,4,
4 and
and 66 d. 3, 4, 5, and 6
Views on Politics Description of Politics
Art of Politics concerns the state. It focuses on
government the personnel and machinery of the
government.
Public affairs Politics is the conduct and management
of public interest and therefore, political
affairs.
Compromise and Politics attempts to resolve conflict
consensus through discussion. Compromise,
bargaining, and consensus, wherein
people arrive at a binding decision.
Power and Politics involves the exercise of authority
distribution of in the produciton, distribution, and use of
resources resources. This describes who gets what
and what under circumstances.
Political science - is a social science discipline that
studies the state and the government.
- it embraces an array of theoritical perspectives
and a variety of analytic frameworks

State - a poltical community that involves four

elements: people, territory, sovereignty, and
government

Government - is the instrument of the state through

which the will of the people is expressed, carried
out and formulated. Thus, the government serves
as the bridge that connects the people to the state.
3. Which school of thought of political
science reflects that political realities
must be impartial and should be tested
through observation, analysis and
explanation?

a. Empirical tradition
b. Scientific tradition
c. Political philosophy
d. Philosophical tradition
a. Empirical Tradition
 School of Thoughts:

1. Philosophical tradition or Political philosophy

- underscored the analytical study of doctrines
that have become the major focus of political
thought

2. Empirical tradition - any account of political

reality must be impartial and should thus be
tested through observation, analysis and
explanation

3. Scientific tradition - promotes objective and

quantifiable ways of studying politics
4. When does good governance arise? It
is when _____________________.

a. The government is free from corruption and

other anomalies.

b. Substantial growth in the economic

performance of the country is evident.

c. People's basic needs and social services are

provided
d. The by the government.
government involves the people in
its agenda and in the process of policy
d. The government involves the people in its
makingof policy making.
agenda and in the process
Good governance arises when the
government involves the people in its
agenda and in the process of policy
making. The extent, therefore, to which
democratic participation is encouraged
determines whether or not governance
exists.

Governance, as a prospect of modern

states, demands both the political will of
policy officials and the participation of
citizens. This only means that you are also
part of governance.
5. It is a coherent set of ideas that can
direct or organize a specific political
action.
b. Ideology
a. Belief system b. Ideology
c. Value system d. Worldview
Ideology - coherent set of ideas that direct or
organize a specific political action. It consists of
belief and value systems, a discussion of existing
power relationships, an exploration of how political
change is achieved in line with these power
relations, and an illustration of a desired future.
 Behaviorism - the belief that social theories
should arise from observation and
quantifiable data

Rational Choice theory

New institutionalism
Feminism
Marxism

Post - positivism - an approach that

emphasizes how people conceive or
construct the political world
6. Equality implies that individuals are
born equal, at least in moral terms. Which
of the following political ideologies reflect
this statement?
a. Liberalism
a. Liberalism c. Fascism
c. Conservatism d. Socialism

Liberalism - belief in individualism

underscores the importance of the human
individual compared to any other group
 - liberty of the individual must be protected. An individual
has freedom when he/she is able to act as he/she pleases
- reason can lead individuals to make wise judgments
which could solve issues or differences
- equality implies that individuals are born equal, at least
in moral terms. Equal rights and entitlements are at its
core. It must be noted, however, that liberals do not
endorse social equality of outcome
- tolerance is the willingness of individuals to allow others
to think and behave in ways they do not approve. It is a
guarantee of individual liberty
- authority and social relationships must also be used on
agreement or consent
Conservatism - tradition must be conserved. These traditions
include established customs, institutions, and ways of doing things
that have endured through time
- human imperfection presents the pessimistic view of conservatives
on the individual. Accordinly, individuals are morally corrupt and are
therefore the sources of crime and disorder. Order could thus be
achieved through a strong state
- conservatives believe that society is an organic whole and status
are only natural. With this, hierarchy is thought to be inevitable
- authority must be exercised from above. Leadership is provided to
guide and support those who lack knowledge and education and
those who have little capacity to act for their own interest
- conservatives look at property as significant because it is the
indivdual's source of security and independence from the
government
Socialism - belief in the community highlights the degree to
which the individual is connected wth others. Identity is
therefore a product of social interaction more than innate
qualities.

- brotherhood of fraternity speaks of a shared common

humanity. Socialists thus prefer cooperation rarther than
competition and collectivity raher than individualism

- socialists put primacy on social equality over other

values. This is believed to be the basis for social stability
and cohesion
 - socialists look at society in terms of differences in
the distribution of income or wealth. Social class is
believed to be an important social cleavage, which
divides societies. The interests of the working class
and the oppressed should be upheld. With this,
eradicating economic and social inequalities is
deemed as the primary goal of sociaism

- common ownership is also central to socialist

thought. Unlike private property, common ownership
is a means to harness material resources for the
common good
Marxism - historical materialism or the materialist conception of history
provides that the economy (mode of production) conditions all other
aspects of social life - including the law, government, politics, education,
etc.

- the dialectic, a process of interaction between competing forces, drives

change and leads to a higher stage of development. Historical change is
therefore a consequence of contradicitons in the mode of production, as
reflected in class conflict

- the exploitation of the proletariat (workers) by the capitalists (owners of

the means of production) would develop class consciousness among the
former, hence ushering a proletarian revolution which will facilitate the
creation of a communist society

- a communist society -one that is classless and stateless -will arise when
class antagonisms fade
Social democracy - social democrats stand for a balance
between the market and the state, and between the individual
and the community

- this ideology promotes compromise between the acceptance

of capitalism and the distribution of wealth according to moral
rather than market principles

- social democratic thought is concerned with the weak, the

vulnerable and the underdog

- compassion, common humanity, freedom, equal

opportunities, paternal duty, and care among the values social
democracy recognizes.
Anarchism - the state, or any political authority, is seen as
both evil and unnecessary
- anarchists prefer a stateless society. Individuals can best
manage their own affairs through voluntary agreement and
cooperation
- is at the intersection of liberalism and socialism

Feminism - is diverse but its unifiying theme is the desire to

enhance the social role of women
- society is characterized by sexual or gender inequality
- the structure of male power must be overturned, hence the
belief in gender equality
- its strand include liberal feminism, socialist feminism, and
radical feminism. There are also new feminisms that emerged
Green politics or Ecologism - this ideology is linked with the
emergence of environmental movement. It also rose as a revolt
against the industrialization
- it is concerned with the damages brought by economic
development and by the declining quality and of human
existence
- conventional ideologies are a vehicle of ecologism

Ecosocialism looks at the destruction of the environment due to

capitalism

Ecoconservatism links the cause of conservation to the desire to

preserve tradition and institutions

Ecofeminism traces this crisis to male power

Cosmopolitanism - ideological expression of
globalization

- it is a belief in a cosmopolis or a world state. It is thus

associated with the project of world government

- modern cosmopolitanism tends to have a moral or a

cultural character believing that the world constitutes a
single moral community

- focuses on the idea that all other people in the world

have obligations to each other regardless of nationality,
ethnicity and the like
7. It serves as the mechanism of the
state through which the will of the
people is expressed, formulated and
carried out.

a. Democracy c. Constitution
b. Bureaucracy d. Government

d. Government
 State Government
More extensive; it An element/ part of the state; it
encompasses all institutions is the means through which
and citizens state authority is exercised
Continuing and permanent Temporary and can be
entity changed from time to time
Exercises impersonal authority; The government of the day is
its personnel are trained in ideologically biased
bureaucratic ways
Represents the interest of the Represents the interests of
society or the common good those in power at a given
period
8. Philippines is an example of
nation-state because:
a. The challenge of ethnic politics is
growing.
b.b.The
The cultural aspectofof
cultural aspect thethe nation
nation and and
the
the political aspectofof
political aspect thethe state
state intersect.
intersect.
c. The cultural aspect of the state and
the political aspect of the nation
intersect.
d. The political community of people are
bound for political obligations and
patriotism.
If a state is a political community bound by
political obligations, a nation is a group of people
bound together by commonalities in language,
history, traditions and religion.

Nation-state - its strength relies on the fusion of

both the cultural and political aspects allowing
cultural cohesion and political unity
9. The ASEAN integration caused the
developments in Philippine educational
policies like the implementation of the
K-12 Basic Education and results to
changes in domestic politics and
economy. What phenomenon is implied
in the situation?

a. Liberalization c. Integration
b. Globalization d. Modernization

b. Globalization
10. Global brands like McDonalds
penetrating in the Philippine local scene
creates a new lifestyle that makes nations
and individuals less different. What type
of globalization is implied?

a. Cultural globalization
b. Political globalization
c. Economic globalization
d. Technological globalization

a. Cultural globalization
 Forms Features/Characteristics
Economic All economies have been
Globalization integrated in a global
economy
Cultural Information, commodities,
Globalization and images from one part of
the world make cultural
differences between nations
and individuals less
significant
Political The importance of
Globalization international organizations,
transnational organizations,
and nongovernmental
organization is being
recognized
Manifestations/Examples
*Internationalized production
*Financial capital flowing freely between
countries
*Mcdonaldization or what George Ritzer
(1993) called as rationalization that Max
Weber found in bureacracies extended to
fast food chains. This then leads to
standardization of processes such as
production.
*Information revolution
*Global brands penetrating the local scene
*Influence on domestic issues of
organizations such as the United Nations,
world Trade Organization, World Bank,
Asian Development Bank, international Red
Cross, and World Wide Fund for Nature
11. The Spanish colonization of the
Philippines necessitated the introduction
of government structures that changed
the way of life of the early Filipino people.
Which was the best contribution of the
Spaniards in the field of governance?

a. Adoption of independent barangays

b. Ruling presence of the governor-general
c. Establishment of the colonial government
d. Creation of a centralized form of
d. Creation of a centralized form of
government
government
The Development of Philippine Government
1. Precolonial period (before 1565)
2. Spanish period (1565-1898)
3. Revolutionary period (1868-1898)
4. American period (1898-1941)
5. Japanese occupation (1941-1945)
6. Postwar era or the Third Philippine Republic
(1946-1971)
7. Martial law era (1972-1981)
8. Fourth Republic (1981-1986)
9. Post-EDSA or the Fifth Republic (1986-present)
12. The traditional powers of the datus were lost
when the Spaniards started the consolidation of
barangays for administrative efficiency. Such
power was limited to:

a. Collect taxes from the people.

b. Creates and implements rules and
regulations.
c. Administers justice to those who violate the
law.
d. Codify the unwritten native customs and
traditions.
a. Collect taxes from the people
13. What kind of government was
established by Aguinaldo when he sailed
back for Cavite from Hongkong that
paved the way for the declaration of
Philippine independence from Spain on
June 12, 1898?

a. Military c. Independent
b. Dictatorial d. Revolutionary

b. Dictatorial
14. Arrange the following events
chronologically:
1. Malolos Congress
2. Tejeros Convention
3. Pact of Biak-na-Bato
4. Filipino-American War
5. Biak-na-Bato Constitution
6. First Philippine Republic
7. Declaration of Philippine Independence

a. 1, 5, 2, 4, 3, 6 and 7 c. 2, 5, 3, 7, 1, 6 and 4
b. 4, 1, 3, 7, 2, 5 and 6 d. 6, 1, 7, 2, 4, 3 and 5

c. 2, 5, 3, 7, 1, 6 and 4
Tejeros Convention - March 22, 1897

Biak-na-Bato Constitution - November 1, 1897

Pact of Biak-na-Bato - December 14, 1897

Philippine Independence - June 12, 1898

Malolos Congress - September 15, 1898

First Philippine Republic - January 23, 1899

Filipino-American War - February 4, 1899

15. Which of the following is the correct
pair of analogy of the bi-cameral
legislature during the American period?
b. Philippine Commission: upper house
a. Senate: upper house;
Philippine Assembly: House of
lower house
Representative: lower house
b. Philippine Commission: upper house;
Phillipine Assembly: lower house
c. Philippine Assembly: upper house;
Philippine Commission: lower house
d. National Assembly: upper house;
Philippine Commonwealth: lower house
16. What established the Philippine
Commonwealth which provided for a
ten year transition period that would
prepare the Filipinos for self-governance?

a. Jones Law
b. Cooper Act
c. Tydings-McDuffie Law
d. Philippine Autonomy Act

c. Tydings-McDuffie Law
17. The following are strong influence of
the American occupation on the
structure of government and on the
current political system of the country
EXCEPT:

a. Legislature
b. Secret ballot
c. Centralized government
d. Electoral and political party

c. Centralized government
Spooner Amendment - ended the military regime of the
Americans

William H. Taft - the first civil governor of the Philippines

Philippine Organic Act (Coper Law) - enacted to create the

bicameral Philippine legislature

Philippine Autonomy Act (Jones Law) - provided for the

reorganization and Filipinization of the legislature

Philippine Independence Act (Tydings-McDuffie Law) -

established the Philippine Commonwealth
18. What is the legal basis of Marcos
declaration of Martial law in order to
solve the rebellion which posed the a
threat to the peace and order of the
country?

a. 1973 Constitution
b. 1975 Constitution
c. Proclamation No. 1081
d. Proclamation No. 1083
c. Proclamation No. 1081
19. This writ is passed by the High Court or
the Supreme Court to a public authority
or a lower court to perform a public or
statutory duty and when such duty is not
performed by them.

a. Amparo b. Certiorari
c. Mandamus d. Prohibition

c. Mandamus
20. Mr. Bontuyan exercise jurisdiction to
a public position he has no authority to
hold office. What appropriate measure
should the higher court issue to restrain
him from holding such office?

a. Amparo b. Certiorari
c. Habeas Corpus d. Quo Warranto

d. Quo Warranto
21. Who is the first president of the Fifth
republic?
a. Joseph E. Estrada
b. Ferdinand Marcos
c. Corazon C. Aquino
d. Diosdado Macapagal

c. Corazon Aquino
22. The vice president shall not serve for
more than two successive terms. If the
current president dies after a year of his
term, can the vice president still run for
reelection?

a. No
b. Yes
c. Condtional
d. Not unless provided by law

a. No
Section 4. The President and the Vice-President shall be
elected by direct vote of the people for a term of six years
which shall begin at noon on the thirtieth day of June next
following the day of the election and shall end at noon of
the same date, six years thereafter. The President shall
not be eligible for any re-election. No person who has
succeeded as President and has served as such for more
than four years shall be qualified for election to the same
office at any time. No Vice-President shall serve for more
than two successive terms. Voluntary renunciation of the
office for any length of time shall not be considered as an
interruption in the continuity of the service for the full term
for which he was elected.
 23. Who is the sole judge of all contests
relating to election, returns, and
qualifications of the president or vice
president?
d. Supreme Court
a. Comelec b. Congress
c. Sandiganbayan d. Supreme Court

The Supreme Court, sitting en banc, shall be the sole

judge of all contests relating to the election, returns, and
qualifications of the President or Vice-President, and
may promulgate its rules for the purpose.
24. Who shall provide for the manner of
succession in case of vacancy for
President or Vice president?
b. Congress
a. Comelec b. Congress
c. Sandiganbayan d. Supreme Court

The Congress shall, by law, provide for the manner in

which one who is to act as President shall be selected
until a President or a Vice-President shall have
qualified, in case of death, permanent disability, or
inability of the officials
 25. Whenever there is a vacancy in the
office of the vice president during the term
for which he/she was elected, who shall
nominate to assume office?
c. President
a. Comelec b. Congress
c. President d. Supreme Court
Section 9. Whenever there is a vacancy in the Office of the
Vice-President during the term for which he was elected, the
President shall nominate a Vice-President from among the
Members of the Senate and the House of Representatives who
shall assume office upon confirmation by a majority vote of all the
Members of both Houses of the Congress, voting separately.
26. What is the legal measure if the
vacancy of the president or vice president
occurs within 18 months before the date of
the next presidential election?

a. a.There
There will
will bebe
no special electionelection
no special
conducted. conducted
b. The presidential election will be
scheduled earlier.
c. The Congress will convene for the special
election.
d. The position is left vacant until Congress
decides succession.
 Elements Public Official
President Vice President
1. A natural-born citizen
2. A registered voter
3. Able to read and write
4. At least 40 years of age on the day of the election
Qualifications 5. A resident of the Phillippines for at least 10 years immediately preceding
his or her election (Section 2, Art. VII)
The president and vice president shall be elected by a direct vote of the
Manner of people (Section 4, Art. VII). The person having the highest number of votes
Elections (plurality method) shall be elected.
Six years which the termv begins at noon on Six years.
June 30.
The vice president shall not
The president shall not be eligible for serve for more than two
Term of Office reelection (Section 4, paragraph 1, Art. VII) successive terms (Section 4,
paragaraph 1, Art. VII)
27. Who is the last president of the
Commonwealth government during the
American period?

a. Elpidio Quirino
b. Sergio Osmeña
c. Manuel A. Roxas
d. Manuel L. Quezon

c. Manuel A. Roxas
28. At whose administration where the
autonomous regions were created?

a. Fidel V. Ramos
b. Joseph E. Estrada
c. Corazon C. Aquino
d. Ferdinand E. Marcos

c. Corazon C. Aquino
First Republic: The Revolutionary Government
Emilio F. Aguinaldo - 1898-1901

Commonweath Government: American Period

Manuel L. Quezon - 1935-1944
Sergio Osmeńa - 1944-1946
Manuel A. Roxas - May 28-July 4, 1946

Second Republic: Japanese Occupation

Jose P. Laurel - 1943-1945
Third Republic: The Independent Philippines
Manuel A. Roxas - 1946-1948
Elpidio Quirino - 1948-1953
Ramon Magsaysay - 1953-1957
Carlos P. Garcia - 1957-1961
Diosdado Macapagal - 1961-1965
Ferdinand E. Marcos - 1965-1972

Fourth Republic: The New Republic

Ferdinand E. Marcos - 1972-1986
Fifth Republic: People's Power Constitution

Corazon C. Aquino - 1986-1992)

Fidel V. Ramos - 1992-1998

Joseph E. Estrada - 1998-2001

Gloria M. Arroyo - 2001-2004-2010

Benigno S. Aquino III - 2010-2016

Rodrigo R. Duterte - 2016-present

29. Ramos dealt with the members of the
Philippine legislature through the rainbow
coalition strategy which means
__________________________.
c. Support of the political parties to the
legislative agenda of the president
a. Consolidation of the gains of
redemocratization
b. Political continuity and strong
improvements of the economy
c. Support of the political parties to the
legislative agenda of the president
d. Strong political alliance of the
legislature to Ramos' constitutional reforms
30. What is the primary purpose of the
Bangsamoro Basic Law (BBL)?

a. Recognition of the Bangsamoro's right

to self-determination
b. Enduring solution to the peace
problems in the country
c. Peace agreement between the
government and the MILF
d. Replacement of the Autonomous
Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM)
a. Recognition of the Bangsamoro's right
to self-determination
31. On a constitutional mandate, How
many House of Representatives are
there in the Congress?

a. 210 b. 230 c. 250 d. 300

c. 250
Section 5. (1) The House of Representatives shall be
composed of not more than two hundred and fifty
members, unless otherwise fixed by law, who shall be
elected from legislative districts apportioned among the
provinces, cities, and the Metropolitan Manila area in
accordance with the number of their respective
inhabitants, and on the basis of a uniform and
progressive ratio, and those who, as provided by law,
shall be elected through a party-list system of
registered national, regional, and sectoral parties or
organizations.
32. Who shall have the sole power to
judge on all contests related to the
election, returns, and qualification of the
respective members of the Congress?

a. Congress
b. COMELEC
c. Supreme Court
d. Sandiganbayan

a. Congress
Section 17. The Senate and the House of Representatives
shall each have an Electoral Tribunal which shall be the sole
judge of all contests relating to the election, returns, and
qualifications of their respective Members. Each Electoral
Tribunal shall be composed of nine Members, three of whom
shall be Justices of the Supreme Court to be designated by
the Chief Justice, and the remaining six shall be Members of
the Senate or the House of Representatives, as the case may
be, who shall be chosen on the basis of proportional
representation from the political parties and the parties or
organizations registered under the party-list system
represented therein. The senior Justice in the Electoral
Tribunal shall be its Chairman.
33. Can the Congress override the veto
power of the president on a bill?

a. Yes, if majority vote from the Congress

is ensured.
b. No, the decision of the President is final
and irrevocable.
c. Yes, if two-thirds of the members of
each house vote to override.
d. No, since overriding a vetoed bill is a
disrespect to the priinciple of separation
c. Yes, if two-thirds of the members of
of powers.
each house vote to overried.
Section 27. (1) Every bill passed by the Congress shall, before it
becomes a law, be presented to the President. If he approves the
same he shall sign it; otherwise, he shall veto it and return the same
with his objections to the House where it originated, which shall
enter the objections at large in its Journal and proceed to reconsider
it. If, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of all the Members of
such House shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with
the objections, to the other House by which it shall likewise be
reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of all the Members of
that House, it shall become a law. In all such cases, the votes of
each House shall be determined by yeas or nays, and the names of
the Members voting for or against shall be entered in its Journal. The
President shall communicate his veto of any bill to the House where
it originated within thirty days after the date of receipt thereof,
otherwise, it shall become a law as if he had signed it.
34. The expanded judicial system of the
Philippines considers Commission on Elections,
Commission on Audit and Civil Service
Commissions d. as
Quasi-judicial agencies of
examples
___________________.?

a. Civil agencies b. Special courts

c. Special agencies d. Quasi-judicial agencies

Quasi-judicial - these are bodies or agencies that

exercise adjudicatory powers in certain types of
controversies
35. Otherwise known as the court of
last resort.

a. Supreme Court
b. Sandiganvayan
c. Court of Appeals
d. Court of Tax Appeals

a. Supreme Court
36. The process that involves the transfer
of planning, decision-making, or
administrative authority from the central
government to its field organizations,
local government or non-governmental
organizations.

a. Democratization c. devolution
b. Decentralization d. Deconcentration

b. Decentralization
Deconcentration - it involves the redistribution of
administrative responsibilities within the central
government

Devolution - it involves the process by which the

central government relinquishes certain functions to
local government units
37. What is the estimated income for the
city to be considered as a highly
urbanized city?

a. Php 20 million b. Php 50 million

c. Php 100 million d. Php 250 million

b. Php 50 million
 LGU Income Population Land Area
Barangay 2000
5000 for Metro
Manila and other
metropolitan
political
subdivisions

Municipality Php 2.5 million 25 000 50 sq. km

City Php 20 million 150 000 100 sq. km
Highly Php 50 million 200 000
Urbanized City
Province Php 20 million 250 000 2000 sq. km
38. It refers to the people's perception
that their government rules rightfully,
and must thus be obeyed.

a. Power b. Legitimacy
c. Coercion d. Sovereignty

b. Legitimacy
39. Which of the following views consider
politics as an attempt to resolve conflict
through bargaining?

a. Politics as public affairs

b. Politics as art of goverment
c. Politics as compromise and consensus
d. Politics as power and the distribution
of resources

c. Politics as compromise and consensus

40. The Kataastaasang
Kagalanggalangang Katipunan (KKK)
was comprised of the following bodies
EXCEPT

a. Popular Council
b. Supreme Council
c. Provincial Council
d. Barangay Council

d. Barangay Council
41. This refers to the principle that
provides for the exercise of powers of
one branch of the government without
restraint from or influence of the other.

a. Democratization
b. Interdependence
c. Separation of powers
d. Checks and balances

c. Separation of powers
42. What dimension of power is involved
in ideological indoctrination or
psychological control?

a. Power as influence
b. Power as agenda setting
c. Power as thought-control
d. Power as decision-making

c. Power as thought-control
43. Mussolini of Italy and Hitler of
Germany subscribe to this kind of
political ideology

a. Marxism b. Fascism
c. Anarchism d. Socialism

b. Fascism
Fascism - is an ultranationalist ideology. As such, it subscribes to the
idea of a supreme race, whose members should enjoy the natural
resources. It is by nature exclusive as it excludes nonmembers of the
race
- manifested during Mussolini's fascist dictatorship in Italy and Hitler's
Nazi dictatorship in Germany
- common values uphled are struggle, leadership, power, heroism and
war
- the new man or a hero who is motivated by duty, honor, and
self-sacrifice; and gives unrelenting obedience to the supreme leader is
a fascist ideal
- has an anti-character: antiliberalism, anti-individualism, anticapitalism,
etc.
- believe in a unified national community or strength through unity. As
such, individual identity is not as important as that of that of the social
group or community
44. Which of the following has the power
to review declarations of martial law and
suspensions of the writ of habeas by the
President?

a. Supreme Court b. Congress

c. Cabinet members d. Vice president

a. Supreme Court
The Supreme Court may review, in an appropriate
proceeding filed by any citizen, the sufficiency of the
factual basis of the proclamation of martial law or the
suspension of the privilege of the writ of habeas
corpus or the extension thereof, and must promulgate
its decision thereon within thirty days from its filing.
45. The members of the Philippine House
of Representatives may be elected by
means of district proportional
representation system and _____.

a. Party list b. Plurality

c. Majority rule d. Qualifications

a. Party list
46. Refers to the knowledge and
understanding of the universal and
timeless qualities that identity all great
art.

a. Realism
b. Humanities
c. Art appreciation
d. Contemporary arts

c. Art Appreciation
47. It deals with the expression of the
internal world of a person, a world
where everything is subjective.

a. Arts b. Humanities
c. Imagination d. Phillosophy

b. Humanities
48. The art that springs out from the
present-day events and passions of the
society.

a. Modernism
b. Modern arts
c. Postmodernism
d. Contemporary art

d. Contemporary Art
Contemporary Arts - newest form of art
- produced by the 21st century artists living in the postmodern
age
- functions in a global society that is culturally diverse and
technology-oriented
- it provides instances for people to reflect and respond to
contemporary social concerns and issues pertinent to
themselves and the world
- a combination of mixed styles, materials, techniques and
concepts that challenges tradition
- it has become a collaborative process and the audience
plays an active role in reacting and constructing meaning
about the work of art
- refers to the art of the present time
49. Legends and the Classics where it
showcased the talents of Lisa Macuja
Elizalde, a prima ballerina; Cecil Licad, an
international classical pianist; and Lea
Salonga, an international singer and
musical actress performing under one roof
at the Cultural Center of the Philippines is
an example of __________________.

a. Modern art b. Integrative art

c. Art appreciation d. Contemporary Art
b. Integrative Art
Integrative Art - crossbreeding of different art categories

- these art forms are interacive and multi-dsciplinary in

nature that is consisting of ideas and practices from
different branches of learning
 50. Any person, animal, thing or issue
that is described or represented in a
work of art.
a. Subject
a. Subject b. Theme
c. Context d. Setting

Subject - any person, animal, thing or issue that is

described or represented in a work of art

Theme - recurring idea or element in a work of art

- it refers to the ideas, thoughts, and feelings of the
artist
51. A style of depicting a subject of art
wherein the artist breaks apart a
subject and rearranges it in a different
manner

a. Abstraction b. Realism
c. Non-objectivism d. Distortion

a. Abstraction
Realism - the subject is done that way it actually looks

Distortion - the artist uses his or her imagination and

alters the subject according to his or her desire

Abstraction - the artist breaks apart the subject and

rearranges it in a different manner

Non-objectivism - there is totally no subject at all but

just an interplay of elements like line, shape, color and
so on
52. An element of art where it refers to
the degree of lightness or darkness of a
color or the highness or lowness of a
tone

a. Color b. Value
c. Texture d. Space

a. Value
Elements of Arts:
1. Space - defined as a void, emptiness which can either be positive (a
space enclosed in a shape) or negative (denotes the opposite)
- referred to as an interval (music: interval between notes) or pause
(literature: pause between words)
2. Line - the extension of a point, a short or long mark drawn or carved
on a surface
- it is an implied path suggesting direction (vertical, horizontal,
diagonal) and character (jagged, curved, series of dots or broken lines)
Theater - line is described as the script of the actor
Dance - line is the series of steps a dancer makes
3. Shape - when both ends of a line meet
- a figure separate from its surrounding area or background
- it is two dimensional
Form - an enclosed line, a figure separate from its background
- it is three dimensional
4. Color - a sensaprismtion created by visible
wavelengths of light caught in a
- a mixture of organic or sythetic substances called
pigments used as paint or dye
- it creates a mood or tone
5. Value - suggests an atmosphere or mood
Visual arts - degree of lightness or darkness of a color
Music - highness or lowness of a tone (pitch)
Timbre - tone color or quality of the sound
6. Texture - surface of an artwork
Actual or Tactile - it can be felt by touch
Simulated or Illusory - it can only be seen not felt
53. The Japanese art of flower
arranging, Ikebana follows what
principles of design in a work of art?

a. Balance b. Variety
c. Proportion d. Emphasis

a. Balance
Design - the overall structure of an art form, a plan of order
- the means by which an artist indicate and demonstrate the ideas and
feelings they wish to convey
Principles of design - otherwise known as the organization of elements
- help people make sense of the environment and at the same time make
it aesthetically pleasing and interesting
1. Harmony - refers to the wholeness of the design, the pleasing
arrangement of parts, and the agreement between parts of a composition
resulting in a unified whole
Visual art: if elements of art play a vital role in the artwork
Music: combination of notes simultaneously played
Writing: the theme and the other elements are binding
2. Variety - pertains to the assortment ort diversity of a work of art so that
monotony and uniformity in the environment are prevented
3. Rhythm/Beat - the regular, repeated pattern in the elements of art
- it is a flow, or feeling of movement achieved by the distribution of visual
units or sound units in time
4. Proportion - the relationship of each elements in a work of art
5. Balance - pertains to the even distribution of weight
- the principle that deals with equality
Formal balance or symmetrical balance - refers to two sides that
are identical to each other
Informal balance or asymmetrical balance - refers to two sides
not identical to each other yet｛｝equal in visual weight
6. Movement - the fundamental principle in choreography and
theater arts
- means by which dancers make use of their bodies to express
an inner condition
7. Emphasis - gives importance or dominance to a unit oran area
Subordination - gives less importance to a unit ot area
54. It refers to the varied situations in
which the works have been produced
or interpreted.

a. Form c. Value
c. Content d. Context

d. Context
Elements of Arts
1. Forms - the surface feature of an artwork
- the embodiment of the work
Visual Arts: two (drawing or painting) or three dimensional (sculpture,
architecture)
Music: structure of the musical composition (serenade, opera, rhapsody)
LIterature: prose, drama, to poetry
Theater: tragedy, comedy, drama, melodrama
2. Content - it is what the art is about
- contains the subject matter that carries the message of the work
- the substance of art
3. Context - refers to the varied situations in which the works have been
produced or interpreted
Primary - personal type, it concerns the sentiments of the artist - beliefs,
values, interests, attitudes and emotions
Secondary - place and period in which the artist has made his work