Modelling, Analysis and Simulation Using Digsilent Powerfactory (Basic V14)

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form without permission of the author.
Copyright © 2012. http:www.fglongatt.org.ve

Seminar:
Modelling, Analysis and Simulation
using DIgSILENT PowerFactory (Basic
Modelling, Analysis and Simulation using DIgSILENT PowerFactory (Basic V14)
V14)
Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, PhD

Antofagasta, Chile, August 2012
Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt PhD, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2012, Antofagasta, Chile, August 2012 1/62
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form without permission of the author. Copyright © 2012. http:www.fglongatt.org.ve
I. Introduction into DIgSILENT
PowerFactory
This section presents an introduction to the main features

of DIgSILENT PowerFactory
Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, PhD
Antofagasta, Chile, August 2012
I. Basic PowerFactory
Concepts
This subsection introduce the basic concepts

used in PowerFactory: (i) Functional
Integration, (ii) (iii) Vertical Integration
Database Integration
I. Basic PowerFactory Concepts
• The calculation program PowerFactory, as written by
DIgSILENT.
Dr. Martin Schmieg

http://www.digsilent.de/
• It is a computer aided engineering tool for the analysis of
industrial, utility, and commercial electrical power systems.
• It has been designed as an advanced integrated and

interactive software package dedicated to electrical power
system and control analysis in order to achieve the main
objectives of planning and operation optimization.
• The name DIgSILENT stands for "DIgital SImuLation and
Electrical NeTwork calculation program''.
• DIgSILENT Version 7 was the world's first power system

analysis software with an integrated graphical one-line

interface.
• That interactive one-line diagram included drawing

functions, editing capabilities and all relevant static and
dynamic calculation features.
• DIgSILENT power system calculation package was designed
as an integrated engineering tool.
• It provides a complete 'walk-around' technique through all

available functions, rather than a collection of different
software modules.
• PowerFactory Version 14, DIgSILENT represents a further

step towards seamless integration of functionality and

data management within a multi-user environment.
• There are three basic integration characteristics that
contribute to make PowerFactory a unique power system
analysis tool:
a) Functional integration
b) Database integration
c) Vertical integration
Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt PhD, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2012, Antofagasta, Chile, August 2012
I.A. Functional Integration
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• DIgSILENT PowerFactory software is implemented as a
single executable program, and is fully compatible with
Windows 95/98/NT/2000/XP/Vista.
• Implemented as a single software solution allowing for fast
'walk around' through the database and execution
environment
PSS™E Graphical User Interface (Power Flow)

• No need to reload modules and update, transfer and
convert data and results between different program
applications.
• As an example, the power flow, fault analysis, and

harmonic load flow analysis tools can be executed
sequentially without resetting the program, enabling
additional software modules and engines or reading external
data files.
• As an example, the power flow, fault analysis, and
harmonic load flow analysis tools can be executed
sequentially without resetting the program, enabling
additional software modules and engines or reading external
data files.
I.B. Vertical Integration
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I. B. Vertical Integration
allowing models to be shared by all analysis functions
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• Vertically integrated power equipment model concept
• No longer are separate software engines required to analyze
separate aspects of the power system, as DIgSILENT
PowerFactory can accommodate everything within one
integrated frame and one integrated database.
system design and simulation.
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• Support of transmission-, distribution- and industrial
I.C. Database Integration
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II.C. Database Integration
• DIgSILENT PowerFactory provides optimal organization of
data and definitions required to perform any type of
calculation, memorization of settings or software operation
options.
• There is no need in tedious organization of several files
for defining the various analysis aspects.
PSAT
Power System Analysis Toolbox
Prof Federico Milano
www.uclm.es/area/gsee/Web/Federico/psat.htm
PSAT
Prof Federico Milano
Power System Analysis Toolbox
www.uclm.es/area/gsee/Web/Federico/psat.htm
20/62
• The PowerFactory database environment fully integrates
all data required for defining cases, operation scenarios,
single-line graphics, outputs, run conditions, calculation
options, graphics, user-defined models, etc.
Project Manager
Visioning and
Publishing
Master and Device
Compare and Merge
Single Database Concepts: all

data for standard and advanced
functions are organized in a
single, integrated database.
• There is no need to keep and organize hundreds of files on
hard disc, every thing you require to model and simulate a
power system is integrated in a single database!
• Project Management: All the data that defines a power
system model and allows its calculation is stored in so called
'Project' folders within the database.
• Inside a 'Project', folders called 'Study Cases' are used to

define different studies of the system considering the
complete network, only parts of it or variations on its current
state.
• This 'project and study case' approach to define and
manage power system studies is a unique application of the
object-oriented software principle.
• Standard software packages often require the user to create

a large number of similar saved cases, with multiple

nested directories for large complex networks and studies.
• This approach of the structure is both easy to use while
avoiding redundancy.
• Multi-User Operation: Multiple users each holding its own
projects or working with data shared from other users are
supported by a 'Multi-user' database operation.
• In this case the definition of access rights, user accounting

and groups for data sharing are managed by a database

administrator.
• Modelling and simulation of railway systems
• Simulation of any kind of wind turbines and wind parks
• Smart Grid modelling including virtual power plants and
distributed generation such as PV-panels, micro
turbines, battery storage, CHP, etc.
a) Functional integration
Environment
Projects
Network Model, Libraries, Study cases
Type and Elements (*.ElmXXX y *.TypXXX
II. PowerFactory Project
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II.A Data Arrangement
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II.A. Data Arrangement
• The study of any system, there are two distinct sets of
information that can be defined:
– Data that pertains directly to the system under study, that
is, electrical data.
– Study management data, for example, which graphics
should be displayed, what options have been chosen for a
load flow, which 'areas' of the network should be
considered for calculation, etc.
• The electrical data itself can also be further divided into
logical sets:
– Type Data: generic information about a power
component.
– Element Data: This set will contain all of that information
particular to the specific installation or application of the
power component. All information that is non-generic, will
fall into this information set.
• Within the Element Data, there is information related to the
operational point of a devise but not to the devise itself.
• Operational Data: data which is subject to frequent changes
during a study and may be used to simulate different
operation scenarios of the same network
Questions
Any Question?
32/62
II. Database in PF
33/62
II.B. Data Base Structure
Single/Multi User Data Base
Project Manager Grid Expansion Stages
Visioning and Grid Expansion Stages
Publishing
Master and Derive Base grid
Compare and Merge
Graphical grid Power system
representation object
Study Case
Overview Diagram
Study time
Elements
Timed Grid Variations

Simplified SLD
Types
Operation Scenarios
Library
Detailed SLD
Operation Library Power
Equipment
DPL Scripts
Source: DigSILENT PowerFactory
http://www.digsilent.de/images/Software/DIgSILENT_PowerFactory/overview150.png
• There are four distinct sets that we need to arrange the
data into.
• In data base terms this means four folders:
– Network Data: Holds all the element data.
– Operation Scenario: Holds the operational data defining
a certain operational point.
– Equipment Type: Holds all the type data
– Study Case: Holds all the study management data.
• The folders should be hierarchically organized within a
higher directory.
• The name of this folder in PowerFactory is Project.
II.B. User Account
• The PowerFactory database supports multiple users and
each user can manage several projects.
• User Account folders with access privileges only for their
owners (and other users with shared rights) must then be
used.
II.B. Database, Objects and Classes
• PowerFactory uses a hierarchical, object-oriented
database.
• All the data, which represents power system elements,
single line diagrams, study cases, system operation
scenarios, calculation commands, program settings etc., are
stored as objects inside a hierarchical set of folders.
• The folders are arranged in order to facilitate the definition
of the studies and optimize the use of the tools provided by
the program.
The objects are grouped

according to the kind of
element that they
represent.
These groups are known

as classes within the
PowerFactory
environment.
• The objects are grouped according to the kind of
element that they represent.
• These groups are known as classes within the
PowerFactory environment.
For example, an object that

represents a synchronous
generator in a power
system belongs to the class
defined for synchronous

machines (called ElmSym
in PowerFactory);
• An object storing the settings for a load flow calculation
belongs to a class defined to set and execute load flows
(called ComLdf), and so on.
• Analogous to Windows, classes may be seen as the file

extensions of the objects.
• Each object belongs to a class and each class has a

specific set of parameters that defines the objects which
it represents.
• The PowerFactory database philosophy can thus be
summarized by one 'golden' rule:
'Everything is an object, all the objects
belong to a class and are stored according
to a hierarchical arrangement in the
database tree'
Single/Multi User Data Base
Project Manager Grid Expansion Stages
Visioning and Grid Expansion Stages
Publishing
Master and Derive Base grid
Compare and Merge
Graphical grid Power system
representation object
Study Case
Overview Diagram
Study time
Elements
Timed Grid Variations

Simplified SLD
Types
Operation Scenarios
Library
Detailed SLD
Operation Library Power
Equipment
DPL Scripts
II.B. PowerFactory Project Structure
• Projects are used in PowerFactory to manage the studies
of power systems.
• From a database point of view, a project is a directory which
stores:
– All the objects that collectively define a power system
and its changes over time.
– Objects that the define the graphical representations of
the system.
– Objects that define the calculations performed on the
system.
– Objects that contain the results of the calculations.
• The objects are stored in folders according to their
functionality.
• Main Elements of a Project:
II.B. PowerFactory Project Structure
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The Library
• The library contains the equipment types (as in older
versions of PowerFactory), special operational information,
DPL scripts, templates and user-defined models.
• There are two types of libraries:

– Equipment Type Library
– Operational Library
The Library
– Operational Library
– Equipment Type Library
• There are two types of libraries:
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The Library
Equipment Type Library
• It is convenient to store all manufacturer-specific data in the
same location and organize it in such a way that it can be
easily accessed when defining power system elements.
• Within the data model this information corresponds to the
above mentioned type data and is stored inside the
Equipment Type Library folder.
The Library
• Operational Library
• It is often desired to change the operation point of a network
in order to analyze the effects of different loading levels,
changed maintenance schedules or operational limits.
• An Operational Library folder, which contains sorted
operational alternatives, is part of the approach used by
PowerFactory to manage this task.
The Network Model
• It would be convenient to have simultaneous access to all
electrical and graphical data relating to the network to be
analyzed.’
• There are three main objects:
– Network Data
– Diagrams
– Variations
The Network Model
• Network Data. The electrical data may be sorted according
to logical, organizational and/or geographical areas;
therefore within any project, one or more.
• Diagrams. When drawing a grid, all graphic information is
automatically stored in this folder.
• Variations. In order to plan or assess the network under
different topological configurations, it is useful to be able to
create variations of the current network.
Operation Scenarios
• Storing recurrent operation points and being able to activate
or deactivate them when required, accelerates the analyses
of the network under different operative conditions, e.g.
different dispatch programs, low or high load periods, etc.
• We may need to analyze the network at different times

during the day, week or year, where changed loading
conditions and different component ratings are considered.
Study Cases
• Once the network data has been entered and configured,
users may wish to perform network studies, including load-
flow, various short-circuits, time-dependant simulations, etc.
It would be useful if the results of these studies could also be
stored for review or repeated later.
Changed Settings
• Project settings such as user-defined diagram styles for
example, which differ from global settings, are stored inside
the Changed Settings folder.
Questions
Any Question?
55/62
Environment
Projects
Network Model, Libraries, Study cases
Type and Elements (*.ElmXXX y *.TypXXX)
II. PowerFactory Project
56/62
Functionality
PowerFactory
III. Overview of Main
Main functionalities included in DIgSILENT
57/62
III. General Overview
Transmission and Distribution Industry Wind Power PV System Railway Smart Grid
Applications
Grid
Radial and Meshed 1-4 Phase AC grids and DC Grids
Power Flow Fault Analysis Network reduction Flexible DSL – Modelling

OHL parameter
calculation DIgSILENT Simulation Language
Power System Analysis Functions
AC/DC IEC 60909

Contingency Analysis
Powerflow IEC 61363
Cable parameter RMS Simulation with abc Phase
ANSI C37.4
calculation
Balanced/un- G74 Power Flow Sensitivities Representation
balanced Complete
Asynchronous
method Long-Term Stability
Machine Voltage Stability Analysis
Active power and General
parameter
reactive power faults/Multiple Distribution Network Transient Motor Starting
estimation
controls faults
Analysis
Real-Time Simulation
Reliability Harmonic Analysis Ripple
analysis Protection Control Electromagnetic transient
Optimal Power
Functions (EMT)
flow Economic
Protection
Dispatch Distribution Network
State Estimation Simulation System Parameter identification
Optimization
Source: DigSILENT PowerFactory

http://www.digsilent.de/images/Software/DIgSILENT_PowerFactory/overview150.png
III. Supported PowerFactory Functions
• Balanced and unbalanced power flow;
• Fault analysis;
• Harmonics, Frequency scans;
• RMS Stability;
• EMT simulations for three, two and single phase AC systems
and DC systems;
• Protection simulation and co-ordination;
• Distribution, transmission and generation reliability;
• Small signal analysis (eigenvalues);
III. Supported PowerFactory Functions
• Static and dynamic voltage stability;
• Active and reactive power dispatch;
• State estimation;
• Open tie optimization, optimal capacitor placement, cable
sizing;
• Built-in automation interface (DPL),
• ODBC driver, interfaces for GIS and SCADA integration;
PSS/E compatibility...
Questions
Any Question?
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Please visit:
fglongatt@fglongatt.org
http://www.fglongatt.org
http://www.fglongatt.com
Comments and suggestion are welcome:
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All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form without permission of the author.

Copyright © 2012. http:www.fglongatt.org.ve

Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, PhD

This section presents an introduction to the main features

This subsection introduce the basic concepts

Dr. Martin Schmieg

• It has been designed as an advanced integrated and

• DIgSILENT Version 7 was the world's first power system

analysis software with an integrated graphical one-line

• That interactive one-line diagram included drawing

• It provides a complete 'walk-around' technique through all

• PowerFactory Version 14, DIgSILENT represents a further

step towards seamless integration of functionality and

PSS™E Graphical User Interface (Power Flow)

• As an example, the power flow, fault analysis, and

allowing models to be shared by all analysis functions

system design and simulation.

Single Database Concepts: all

• Inside a 'Project', folders called 'Study Cases' are used to

• Standard software packages often require the user to create

a large number of similar saved cases, with multiple

• In this case the definition of access rights, user accounting

and groups for data sharing are managed by a database

Timed Grid Variations

The objects are grouped

These groups are known

For example, an object that

defined for synchronous

• Analogous to Windows, classes may be seen as the file

• Each object belongs to a class and each class has a

Timed Grid Variations

• There are two types of libraries:

• We may need to analyze the network at different times

Main functionalities included in DIgSILENT

Radial and Meshed 1-4 Phase AC grids and DC Grids

Power Flow Fault Analysis Network reduction Flexible DSL – Modelling

AC/DC IEC 60909

Source: DigSILENT PowerFactory

• Small signal analysis (eigenvalues);

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