Trimble Gps in ST PDF

COPYRIGHT NOTICE
© 1995 TRIMBLE
Reproduction of this publication or any portion thereof by any means without the
express written permission of TRIMBLE is prohibited. For further information
contact, Manager, Technical Publications, TRIMBLE, Avionics Division, 2105
Donley Drive, Austin, Texas 78758. Telephone (512) 432-0400.
T Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver
Insert latest change pages and destroy superceded pages.
LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

Dates of Original and Change pages are:
Revision .......... A ......... January 6, 1995

Revision .......... B ......... February 23, 1995
Revision .......... C ........ July 28, 1995
Revision .......... D ........ November 4, 1996
Revision .......... E ......... January 13, 1997
Page Description Page no. Date

Front Cover - January 13, 1997
List of Effective Pages A January 13, 1997
Record of Revisions B January 6, 1995
Table of Contents (Main) i - iii January 6, 1995
Table of Contents (Section I) 1-i January 6, 1995
Section I - General Information 1-1 January 6, 1995
1-2 February 23, 1995
1-3 - 1-5 January 6, 1995
1-6 February 23, 1995
1-7 July 28, 1995
1-8 January 6, 1995
Table of Contents (Section II) 2-i January 6, 1995
Section II - Installation 2-1 January 6, 1995
2-2 February 23, 1995
2-3 - 2-5 January 6, 1995
2-7 January 13, 1997
2-9 July 28, 1995
2-11 - 2-14 January 6, 1995
2-15 January 13, 1997
2-16 - 2-25 January 6, 1995
Table of Contents (Section III) 3-i January 6, 1995
Section III - Checkout 3-1 - 3-2 November 4, 1996
3-3 February 23, 1995
3-4 November 4, 1996
3-6 - 3-8 January 6, 1995
Appendix A - RTCA/DO 160-C Environmental Qualification Forms A-1 - A-4 January 6, 1995
Appendix B - Serial Interface Specification B-1 - B-18 January 6, 1995
Appendix C - Supplemental Flight Certificate and Flight Manual
Supplement Example C-1, C-2 January 6, 1995
Revision E
January 13, 1996 Page A
RECORD OF REVISIONS
Assigned To (Job Title) Location
Rev Revision Insertion Rev Revision Insertion

No. Date Date By No. Date Date By
Revision C
July 28, 1995 Page B
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION I - General Information
1.1 INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-1
1.2 DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT ------------------------------------------------------------- 1-2

1.2.1 Receiver/Display Unit ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-2
1.2.2 GPS Antenna ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-3
1.3 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS ----------------------------------------------------------- 1-4
1.3.1 Receiver/Display Units (P/N 81438-XX) ------------------------------------------------------ 1-4
1.3.2 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20) ----------------------------------------------------------------- 1-5
1.3.3 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-11) (alternate) ---------------------------------------------------- 1-5
1.3.4 GPS Antenna (P/N 81194) (alternate) -------------------------------------------------------- 1-6
1.4 PARTS AND EQUIPMENT SUPPLIED ------------------------------------------------------ 1-7
1.4.1 Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver ------------------------------------------------------- 1-7
1.4.2 Installation Kit --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-7
1.5 ACCESSORIES NOT SUPPLIED ------------------------------------------------------------- 1-8
1.5.1 Installation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-8
1.5.2 GPS Cable Requirements ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-8
SECTION II - Installation
2.1 GENERAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1
2.2 UNPACKING AND INSPECTING EQUIPMENT ------------------------------------------- 2-1

2.2.1 Physical Inspection -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1
2.2.2 Electrical Inspection ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1
2.3 EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION ----------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1
2.3.1 Cooling Considerations --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1
2.3.2 Harness and Cable Fabrication ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1
2.3.3 GPS Antenna Installation ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-2
2.3.4 Receiver/Display Unit Installation -------------------------------------------------------------- 2-3
2.3.5 Outside Air Temperature Probe (OAT) "K" Factor ----------------------------------------- 2-4
NEXT
Revision A
January 6, 1995 Page i
Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver T
SECTION III - Checkout
3.1 GENERAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1
3.2 SYSTEM CHECKOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1

3.2.1 Preliminary test ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1
3.2.2 Serial Port Configuration ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1
3.2.3 GPS Receiver Tests ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-2
3.2.4 Analog Interface Check --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-4
3.3 FINAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3-5
3.3.1 Configuration Record Sheet --------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-5
3.3.2 Flight Manual Supplement ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-5
ILLUSTRATIONS
2-1 Trimble 2000 Approach Pin-out ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2-4
2-2 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20) Installation Drawing --------------------------------------- 2-5
2-3 ARINC 743 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-11) Installation Drawing (alternate) --------- 2-7
2-4 ARINC 743 Hi Speed GPS Antenna (P/N 81194) Installation Drawing (alternate) 2-9
2-5 Trimble 2000 Approach Installation Drawing ---------------------------------------------- 2-11
2-6 Mounting Tray Assembly Drawing ----------------------------------------------------------- 2-13
2-7 Typical System Interconnection -------------------------------------------------------------- 2-15
2-8 CDI/HSI Interconnection ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-17
2-9 Serial Port Interconnection --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-19
NEXT
Revision A
Page ii January 6, 1995
APPENDIX A - RTCA/DO-160C Environmental Qualification Forms
A.1 RECEIVER/DISPLAY UNIT -------------------------------------------------------------------- A-1
A.2 GPS ANTENNA ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A-2
APPENDIX B - Serial Interface Specification
B.1 INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-1
B.2 BASIC COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL DESCRIPTIONS ----------------------------- B-1

B.2.1 RS-422 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-1
B.2.2 RS-232 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-1
B.2.3 RS-423 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-1
B.3 CONNECTOR PIN ASSIGNMENTS --------------------------------------------------------- B-2
B.4 SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION OF SERIAL PORTS ----------------------------------- B-3
B.5 RECEIVE PORTS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-3

B.5.1 Configuration --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-3
B.5.2 Encoder Data Format ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-3
B.5.3 RMI Data Format ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-4
B.5.4 Air Data Computer Format ---------------------------------------------------------------------- B-5
B.6 TRANSMIT PORTS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ B-7
B.6.1 Configuration --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-7
B.6.2 R0 and R1 Data Formats ------------------------------------------------------------------------ B-7
B.6.3 K0 and K1 Data Formats ----------------------------------------------------------------------- B-10
B.6.4 X0 and X1 Formats ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ B-13
B.6.5 Data Output Format Example ----------------------------------------------------------------- B-17
APPENDIX C - STCs and Flight Manual Supplements
Revision A
January 6, 1995 Page iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.1 INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-1
1.2 DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT ------------------------------------------------------------- 1-2

1.2.1 Receiver/Display Unit ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-2
1.2.2 GPS Antenna ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-3
1.3 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS ----------------------------------------------------------- 1-4
1.3.1 Receiver/Display Units (P/N 81438-XX) ------------------------------------------------------ 1-4
1.3.2 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20) ----------------------------------------------------------------- 1-5
1.3.3 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-11) (alternate) ---------------------------------------------------- 1-5
1.3.4 GPS Antenna (P/N 81194) (alternate) -------------------------------------------------------- 1-6
1.4 PARTS AND EQUIPMENT SUPPLIED ------------------------------------------------------ 1-7
1.4.1 Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver ------------------------------------------------------- 1-7
1.4.2 Installation Kit --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-7
1.5 ACCESSORIES NOT SUPPLIED ------------------------------------------------------------- 1-8
1.5.1 Installation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-8
1.5.2 GPS Cable Requirements ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-8
Revision A
January 6, 1995 Page 1-i
1.1 INTRODUCTION
This manual provides information about the electrical, mechanical, and physical characteristics of the Trimble 2000 Approach
GPS Receiver (P/N 81438-XX) (see Table 1-1 for appropriate dash number). The first section serves as an introduction. It
describes the technical specifications of the panel-mounted Receiver/Display unit, and the externally mounted GPS antenna.
The following sections describe the installation and checkout procedures. Proper techniques must be followed to ensure
correct operation.
Unit Part No. Description Ship Kit Part No. Install Kit Part No.
Receiver with black bezel & standard GPS
81463-00 81446-00
antenna P/N 16248-20
Receiver with black bezel & optional ARINC GPS
81438-00 81463-01 81446-01
Receiver with black bezel & optional ARINC 743 Hi
81463-02 81446-02
Speed GPS antenna P/N 81194
Receiver with gray bezel & standard GPS antenna
81463-03 81446-00
P/N 16248-20
Receiver with gray bezel & optional ARINC GPS
81438-01 81463-04 81446-01
Receiver with gray bezel & optional ARINC 743 Hi
81463-05 81446-02
Speed GPS antenna P/N 81194
Receiver with NVG black bezel & standard GPS
81463-06 81446-00
Receiver with NVG black bezel & optional ARINC
81438-10 81463-07 81446-01
GPS antenna P/N 16248-11
Receiver with NVG black bezel & optional ARINC
81463-08 81446-02
743 Hi Speed GPS antenna P/N 81194
Receiver with NVG gray bezel & standard GPS
81463-09 81446-00
Receiver with NVG gray bezel & optional ARINC
81438-11 81463-10 81446-01
GPS antenna P/N 16248-11
Receiver with NVG gray bezel & optional ARINC
81463-11 81446-02
743 Hi Speed GPS antenna P/N 81194
Table 1-1 Unit & Antenna Matrix
Revision A
January 6, 1995 Page 1-1
1.2 DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT
The Trimble 2000 Approach Receiver provides long-range GPS navigation via a panel-mounted unit. Each system comprises
receivers and antennas to perform specified functions. The Jeppesen database cards provide up-to-date information about
airports and other navigation aids around the world. The Trimble 2000 Approach GPS System contains one panel-mounted
Receiver/Display Unit (RDU) containing a GPS Receiver (9-channel), one GPS Antenna/Preamp, and applicable installation
hardware all contained within P/N 81446-XX (see Table 1-1 for appropriate dash number). The Jeppesen database cards
are available separately within P/N 81461-00 for North American information, P/N 81461-01 for International information, or
P/N 81461-02 for Worldwide information. The first card is supplied by Trimble.
1.2.1 Receiver/Display Unit

The Receiver/Display Unit (RDU) is the main component of the Trimble 2000 Approach navigation systems. The
RDU consists of the GPS Receiver, the User Interface, and the System Interface.
1.2.1.1 GPS Receiver
The GPS Receiver interprets the satellite transmissions to determine the current position. This information is
communicated to the pilot via the User Interface and to the connected equipment via the System Interface.
1.2.1.2 User Interface
The User Interface is accomplished by an LED Display, seven annunciator lights, nine illuminated push-button
keys, two concentric selector knobs, a power switch, and a NavData card slot.
A. LED Display
The Light Emitting Diode (LED) Display is a two-line, high intensity display with 20 characters per line.
System information is shown on the display.
B. Annunciator Lights
The internal annunciator lights alert the pilot of warning and advisory messages. The annunciator lights
are the Message (MSG), Hold (HLD), Parallel Track (PTK), Approach (APR), Waypoint Alert (WPT),
Global Positioning System (GPS) and Random Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM).
C. Push-Button Keys
Nine illuminated push-button keys are used for mode selection and data entry. The keys are described
as follows:
Access Navigation Mode. Displays enroute navigation information.
Access Waypoint Mode. Allows pilot to view or select airports, SIDs, STARs, Approaches,
VORs, NDBs, Intersections, and User-defined locations as waypoints in a flight plan or
as a destination. Also allows pilot to create, edit, or delete User-defined waypoints.
Access Flight Plan Mode. Allows pilot to create, use, edit, reverse, and delete flight plans.
Access Calculator Mode. Allows pilot to perform many common E6B computer
calculations.
Revision B
Page 1-2 February 23, 1995
Access Auxiliary Mode. Provides information about system status, sensor status,
system setup and installation procedures. Also contains a programmable checklist
function.
Shows twenty nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, and Intersections.
Allows pilot to fly directTo the indicated location or activate the indicated flight plan.
Enters information into memory and used to begin and end data entry.
Allows the pilot to view system messages.
D. Selector Knobs
Two concentric selector knobs are used to select displays within modes and for data entry.
E. Power Switch
A push-pull power switch turns the RDU on and off.
F. NavData Card Slot
The NavData card slot accepts the Jeppesen NavData card which provides the pilot information on
Airports, SIDs, STARs, Approaches, VORs, NDBs, and Intersections. Either a North American or
International database may be used. The slot also accepts the Trimble NavPak Memory Card used
by the Trimble NavPak flight planning system.
1.2.1.3 System Interface
The Trimble 2000 Approach communicates with connected equipment by the CDI outputs, Annunciators, and
the Serial Inputs/Outputs.
A. CDI Outputs
The RDU provides standard Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) output signals suitable for use by most
CDIs.
B. Annunciator Outputs
The external annunciator lights alert the pilot of warning and advisory messages. The annunciator
lights are Message (MSG), Hold (HLD), Waypoint Alert (WPT) and Approach (APR).
C. Serial Inputs/Outputs
The RDU provides two serial input ports and two serial output ports for general use. Data formats may
be selected by the pilot.
1.2.2 GPS Antenna

The GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20) receives and amplifies GPS Signals. The GPS Antenna unit is an omnidirectional
flat microstrip antenna with an integral preamplifier and is rated to 600 knots IAS. Two alternate antennas (P/Ns
16248-11 & 81194) can be used with the Trimble 2000 Approach.
Revision A
1.3 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1.3.1 Receiver/Display Units (P/N 81438-XX)

ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE See Appendix A
TSO COMPLIANCE C129 (A1)
BZT COMPLIANCE Pending
PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS
Height 2.0 in (5.08 cm)
Width 6.25 in (15.87 cm)
Depth 9.70 in (24.64 cm)
WEIGHT 3.0 lbs (1.36 kg)
TEMPERATURE
Navigation Unit -20° to +55° C
Database Card 0° to +55° C
ALTITUDE -1000 ft to +50,000 ft (cabin pressure)*
MAXIMUM TRACK VELOCITY 800 knots*
MOUNTING Panel mounted with Trimble supplied rack
POWER REQUIREMENTS 1.0 A @ 14 Vdc (all units)

0.5 A @ 28 Vdc (all units)
SIGNAL INPUTS
Serial Data Input Port 1 EIA RS-422, RS-423, RS-232 compatible
Serial Data Input Port 2 EIA RS-232, RS-423, TTL compatible
SIGNAL OUTPUTS
CDI ±150 mV full scale +Right
NAV Flag out of view 350 to 900 mV, up to 5, 1 kΩ parallel loads
NAV Flag in view < 3.5 mV
NAV Superflag Valid (28 Vdc installations) > 18 V
NAV Superflag Valid (14 Vdc installations) > 10 V
NAV Superflag Invalid (Both) < 3.5 V
TO/FROM Flag (To indication) +40 to +160 mV
TO/FROM Flag (From indication) -40 to -160 mV, up to 5, 200 Ω parallel loads
External Annunciators Message (MSG)
Waypoint Alert (WPT)
Hold (HLD)
Approach (APR)
Annunciator Limits Maximum Voltage: 30 Vdc
Maximum Sink Current: 200 mA
Serial Data Output Port 1 EIA RS-422
Serial Data Output Port 2 EIA RS-423, RS-232 compatible
* Complies with USA export requirements
Revision A
Page 1-4 January 6, 1995
1.3.1.1 GPS Receiver
TYPE L1 Frequency (1575 MHz), C/A Code,

Nine Channel
ACQUISITION TIME 1.5 to 3.5 minutes
POSITION UPDATE RATE 4 per second
DYNAMICS 800 knots, 6g (tracking)
ACCURACY
Position 15 meters RMS**
Velocity 0.1 knots steady state**
Altitude 35 meters RMS** (MSL)
Time UTC to the nearest microsecond
** Selective Availability not implemented
1.3.2 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20)
TSO COMPLIANCE C129 *
PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS
Width 3.75 in (9.53 cm)
Length 4.00 in (10.16 cm)
WEIGHT 0.44 lb (0.2 kg)
TEMPERATURE -55°C to +70°C
ALTITUDE RANGE -1000 ft to +55,000 ft
MOUNTING External
POWER REQUIREMENTS +5 Vdc @ 80 mA from NPU
SPEED RATING 600 knots IAS
CONNECTOR SMA
* Installations utilizing this antenna are limited to aircraft not equipped with Satellite Communications equipment.
Revision A
1.3.3 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-11) (alternate)
TSO COMPLIANCE C129 *
PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS
Width 3.75 in (9.53 cm)
MOUNTING External
POWER REQUIREMENTS +5 Vdc @ 80 mA from NPU
CONNECTOR TNC
1.3.4 GPS Antenna (P/N 81194) (alternate)
TSO COMPLIANCE C115a, C129 *
PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS
Width 3.00 in (7.62 cm)
MOUNTING External
POWER REQUIREMENTS +5 Vdc @ 40 mA max from NPU
CONNECTOR TNC
Revision B
1.4 PARTS AND EQUIPMENT SUPPLIED
1.4.1 Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver

The Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver is included in the Trimble 2000 Approach Shipping Kit P/N 81463-XX (see
Table 1-1 for appropriate dash number) with the hardware required for proper installation. Listed below are the
contents of the Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Shipping Kit.
TPN QTY DESCRIPTION
81438-XX 1 GPS Receiver/Display Unit

81446-XX 1 Trimble 2000 Approach Installation Kit
1.4.2 Installation Kit

The Installation Kit, supplied in the shipping kit within P/N 81446-XX (see Table 1-1 for appropriate dash number),
contains the decals, labels, NavData subscription form, manuals, appropriate connectors, and installation hardware.
Where available, the vendor and vendor part number are included. This is provided as a convenience to the
installation agency and Trimble reserves the right to substitute equivalent parts without prior notice. The contents
are listed below:
P/N DESCRIPTION QTY 81446- VENDOR & P/N

00 01 02
16248-20 * GPS Antenna/Preamp 1 - - -

16248-11 * GPS Antenna, ARINC - 1 - -
81194 GPS Antenna, ARINC 743 Hi Speed - - 1 -
80116 Antenna Mounting Gasket 1 1 - -
14719-00 Antenna Cable, SMA 1 1 1 -
14420-00 Mounting Tray 1 1 1 -
16581 Cockpit Label Set 1 1 1 -
16940 NavData Information and Subscription 1 1 1 -
81449 Trimble 2000 Approach Pilot Guide 1 1 1 -
81450 Trimble 2000 Approach Installation Manual 1 1 1 -
16165 24-pin Connector 1 1 1 Amp 90 50/57-20240
81460 Connector, Adapter, TNC Plug-SMA Jack - 1 1 -
10257 Screw 4-40 x 1/4 PL PH 6 6 6 -
10560 Nylon Duro Strip, 5 in 1 1 1 -
11055 Screw 4-40 x 1/2 PL FH 1 1 1 -
80832 Tie Wrap Tefzel 4" 1 1 1 -
14423 Rear Panel Cage 1 1 1 -
14424 Rear Panel Guard 1 1 1 -
14426 Airway Tube Tray 1 1 1 -
16167 Screw m2.5 x 10mm ss 3 3 3 -
16168 Retaining Ring 1 1 1 -
16169 Tie Wrap Cable 1 1 1 -
16707 GPS Antenna Template 1 - - -
80399 GPS Antenna Template - 1 1 -
16737 Foam Rubber Tube 1 1 1 -
Revision C
July 28, 1995 Page 1-7
1.5 ACCESSORIES NOT SUPPLIED
1.5.1 Installation
Circuit Breaker (required) 3 A for 14 V installations (P & B W58-XC4C12A-3)
2 A for 28 V installations (P & B W58-XC4C12A-2)
Analog CDI or HSI Dedicated or switched through relay
External Annunciators (4) Message (MSG) * -- Amber

Waypoint Alert (WPT) * -- Green or Amber
HLD (HLD) * -- Green or White
Approach (APR) * -- Green or White
* Required Annunciator
1.5.2 GPS Cable Requirements

The GPS Cable (RG-316) provided in the shipping kit is 20 feet long. An alternate, prefabricated 50 foot cable is
available from Trimble (P/N 14719-01 which includes adapter P/N 14719-04).
1.5.2.1 GPS Cable Lengths Greater Than 50 Feet
For GPS antenna cable lengths longer than 50 feet, the GPS antenna cable is to be supplied and fabricated by
the installation agency to meet the following requirements:
Insertion Loss < 10 dB @ 1.575 GHz

DC Resistance <1Ω
A "GPS Antenna Fail" message is displayed if resistance limitation is exceeded.
RG-393 is an acceptable cable for installations greater than 50 feet in length. When RG-393 cable is used, an
(SMA-to-SMB) adapter cable Trimble P/N 14719-04 is required to connect to the RDU. It is also necessary to
order a (TNC-to-SMA) adapter Trimble P/N 81478 to connect to the Trimble adapter cable. It is recommended
to order the antenna Trimble P/N 16248-11 when using the RG-393 cable. An equivalent cable may be used,
but must meet the criteria listed above. An alternative to RG-393 is available from PIC Wire & Cable. The cable
is PIC P/N 33141 and the matching TNC connectors are PIC P/N 190308 and PIC P/N 190309 for both the
straight and right angle type. The PIC Wire & Cable address is:
PIC Wire & Cable

N63 W22619 Main Street
P.O. Box 330
Sussex, WI 53089
(800) 742-3191
Fax: (414) 246-0450
The following parts (for use with RG-393 cable) are available from Trimble:
TPN DESCRIPTION QTY VENDOR P/N
One or two of the following:

26479-0495 TNC straight 1 or 2 Amp 1-225550-3
or
26479-0494 Connector, RF, TNC, 90° 2 Amp 1-225554-1
Use Crimp Tool AMP P/N 220015-01 or AMP P/N M22520/5-01 with Die Set AMP P/N M22520/5-05.
Revision A
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2.1 GENERAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1
2.2 UNPACKING AND INSPECTING EQUIPMENT ------------------------------------------- 2-1

2.2.1 Physical Inspection -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1
2.2.2 Electrical Inspection ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1
2.3 EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION ----------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1
2.3.1 Cooling Considerations --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1
2.3.2 Harness and Cable Fabrication ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1
2.3.3 GPS Antenna Installation ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-2
2.3.4 Receiver/Display Unit Installation -------------------------------------------------------------- 2-3
2.3.5 Outside Air Temperature Probe (OAT) "K" Factor ----------------------------------------- 2-4
ILLUSTRATIONS
2-1 Trimble 2000 Approach Pin-out ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2-4

2-2 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20) Installation Drawing --------------------------------------- 2-5
2-3 ARINC GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-11) Installation Drawing (alternate) --------------- 2-7
2-4 ARINC 743 Hi Speed GPS Antenna (P/N 81194) Installation Drawing (alternate) 2-9
2-5 Trimble 2000 Approach Installation Drawing ---------------------------------------------- 2-11
2-6 Mounting Tray Assembly Drawing ----------------------------------------------------------- 2-13
2-7 Typical System Interconnection -------------------------------------------------------------- 2-15
2-8 CDI/HSI Interconnection ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-17
2-9 Serial Port Interconnection --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-19
Revision A
2.1 GENERAL
This section provides general information for installing the Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver. The cables will be
fabricated by the installation agency to fit these various requirements. This section contains interconnect diagrams, mounting
dimensions, and information pertaining to installation.
2.2 UNPACKING AND INSPECTING EQUIPMENT
2.2.1 Physical Inspection

Unpack the equipment carefully and inspect each item for evidence of damage incurred during shipment. If a damage
claim must be filed, save the shipping container and all packing materials to substantiate your claim. The claim
should be properly filed with the transportation company. The shipping container should be saved in the event that
storage or reshipment of the equipment should become necessary.
2.2.2 Electrical Inspection

Each new Trimble 2000 Approach is tested and adjusted during final inspection at Trimble before shipment.
Normally, unless damage is evident, it is not necessary to do a pre-installation electrical inspection.
2.3 EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION
2.3.1 Cooling Considerations

The greatest single contributor to increased reliability of avionics is to limit the maximum operating temperature of
the individual units, whether panel or remote mounted. While circuit designs today consume far less electrical
energy, the watts per cubic inch dissipated within avionics units still remains much the same due to high density
packaging techniques. Consequently, the importance of providing avionics cooling is essential to the life span of
the unit.
While each individual unit may or may not require forced air cooling, the combined heat load of several units operating
in a typical avionics location will significantly degrade the reliability of avionics if provisions for cooling are not
incorporated in the initial installation. Failure to provide cooling will certainly lead to increased avionics maintenance
costs and may void the Trimble Navigation Warranty.
2.3.2 Harness and Cable Fabrication

The installation agency must supply and fabricate all external cables. The length and routing of external cables must
be carefully studied and planned before proceeding with the installation of the equipment. Avoid sharp bends or
routing the cable too close to aircraft control cables and power sources. When necessary to cross power cables,
use shielded cable and cross at right angles. Take special precaution when transitioning pressure envelopes. Use
cable to connector sealant. Figure 2-1 is the pin-out diagram and Figure 2-7 is a typical system interconnection.
Revision A
2.3.3 GPS Antenna Installation

The GPS antenna installation kit is included in all of the shipping kits. The GPS Antenna installation kit contains the
GPS Antenna, the GPS antenna cable, and the required connectors. Proper antenna installation is critical to both
the performance of the system and the aircraft's structural integrity.
2.3.3.1 Location
In order to receive transmissions from GPS satellites, the GPS antenna must be in line-of-sight with the satellite.
Therefore, the most important factor in GPS antenna installation is determining which location on the fuselage
affords the least amount of airframe blockage. Always mount the antenna on the top of the fuselage, never on
the underside. Also, mount the antenna so that the mounting holes are perpendicular to the line of flight. Select
a mounting location at least three (3) feet away from any transmitting antenna.
On fixed wing aircraft, the best mounting location is usually above the cabin, near the front, and as close to the
center line as possible.
2.3.3.2 Location Considerations on Rotorcraft
As in fixed wing aircraft, the primary factor in rotorcraft GPS antenna site selection is to minimize airframe
blockage. Two other guidelines to be considered in placing the antenna on rotorcraft are listed in order of
importance below:
A. Install as far from the main rotor hub as possible. At a given RPM, the linear velocity of the blade
increases as the distance from the rotor hub increases. Since the blade blocks the line-of-sight GPS
satellite signal, the effect will be reduced further away from the rotor hub.
B. If under the blade, get as far below the blade as possible to minimize signal distortions from the blade
edges, which decrease as the distance from the blade increases.
2.3.3.3 Wiring
A GPS cable assembly (P/N 14719-00) is supplied as part of the system. The supplied cable is 20 feet long.
An alternate 50 foot long prefabricated cable is available from Trimble (P/N 14719-01). For installations longer
than 50 feet, the installation agency is responsible for the fabrication of the cable (see Section 1.5.2). The
included cable assembly is tested prior to shipment and should be used to ensure proper performance. Take
care when routing cable to avoid kinking and sharp bends. If antenna cable is routed through bulkheads, be
sure to install protective material to avoid chafing.
2.3.3.4 Installation
CAUTION
Before drilling aircraft fuselage and/or mounting adapter holes to receive the GPS Antenna, make certain
the hole pattern for the antenna is oriented with respect to its forward direction.
After a suitable mounting location is identified, position and affix the adhesive-backed mounting template
supplied with the antenna, refer to Figures 2-2, 2-3 & 2-4. Drill the holes and install the supplied (or equivalent)
antenna doubler. Be sure to remove the mounting template prior to installing the antenna.
Revision B
• Fastening to Fuselage (for 16248-20 & -11 antennas)

CAUTION
Do not tighten screws with more than 20 inch-pounds of torque. Damage to antenna will result and void
warranty. Torque value = 18 ±2 inch-pounds.
Install screws through antenna, gasket, and aircraft skin into captive nut plates. Tighten the screws to 18 ±2
inch-pounds of torque. Use non-corrosive RTV or similar sealant to seal around antenna base and screw holes.
• Fastening to Fuselage (for 81194 antenna)

CAUTION
Do not tighten screws with more than 28 inch-pounds of torque. Damage to antenna will result and void
warranty.
Install screws through antenna and aircraft skin into captive nut plates. Tighten the screws to 26 ±2 inch-pounds
of torque.
2.3.4 Receiver/Display Unit Installation

2.3.4.1 Location
Select a mounting location that will allow easy viewing of the unit's display during normal instrument panel scan
and allow easy access to the front panel controls. After the desired mounting location is identified, refer to
Figures 2-5 and 2-6 for unit outline and mounting dimensions for the unit and the mounting tray. Relocate
existing equipment as necessary.
2.3.4.2 Mounting Tray Installation
Fabricate harness and assemble the tray. Directions for assembly are shown on Figure 2-6.
2.3.4.3 Placard Use
Placard use is dictated by the particular installation. The installation agency is required to fabricate a
placard to label the annunciators, transfer switches, and circuit breakers.
2.3.4.4 Wiring
The external wire supplied by the installing agency should be 22 gauge with the exception of the serial
communication connections (pins 3, 4, 5, 15, 16, and 17). Serial communication connections require 22 or 24
gauge twisted shielded pairs. Refer to pin-out diagram Figure 2-1. For CDI/HSI interconnections, refer to Figure
2-8. For Serial Port Interconnections, refer to Figure 2-9.
These considerations should be followed to ensure proper interface.
A. Audio output (pin 20) impedance is 600 Ω. The CDI common (pins 18 and 22) may be used for Audio
Common.
B. The Message annunciator (MSG), pin 23, Hold annunciator (HLD), pin 12, Waypoint Alert annunciator
(WPT), pin 24, and Approach annunciator (APR), pin 11 duplicate the annunciators on the front panel.
These pins are connected to open-collector transistors which may sink a maximum of 200 mA. Should
they be connected to a relay for higher current capability, the relay must have a protection diode placed
across the coil. The pins will be sinking current when the annunciator condition is true.
C. Jumper the Safeguard Enable (pin 21) to the CDI Common (pin 22) at the rack connector to ensure
operation of the theft protection circuit.
D. Serial Port 1 (pins 3, 4, 15, and 16) is designed for signals adhering to the RS-422 standard. If single-
ended RS-232 signals are used, an adapter (Trimble P/N 12480-00) should be used to maximize noise
immunity. The signals will work with most RS-232 devices without an adapter, but at some loss of noise
immunity.
Revision A
E. Serial Port 2 (pins 5 and 17) is a single-ended TTL output which meets the logic polarity requirements
of RS-232. The port 2 output does not meet all of the requirements of the RS-232 standard, so in some
installations an adapter (Trimble P/N 12480-00) may be required. If RS-422 differential signals are
required, an adapter (Trimble P/N 12480-00) must be used.
F. Only a single device may be connected to each serial input port (RXD1 and RXD2). Up to 5 devices may
be connected in parallel to each serial output port (TXD1 and TXD2), provided that all devices in parallel
use the same message format and data rate (e.g., K0 at 9600 baud).
G. Pin 19 will be supplied from the factory as a 14 Vdc or 28 Vdc Superflag driver. A jumper may be moved
inside the unit to change pin 19 to provide One Pulse-Per Second (PPS) output. The One PPS output
is a TTL pulse, 1 ms wide, occurring once per second (referenced to CDI common pin 18 or 22). When
GPS time is available, the leading edge of One PPS is synchronized to GPS time within 1 ms.
CAUTION: Do not connect pin 19 directly to GND.
2.3.5 Outside Air Temperature Probe (OAT) "K" Factor

If an Outside Air Temperature Probe is installed, a Temperature Recovery Coefficient, known as the "K" factor,
should be set to correct True Airspeed for temperature rise at the probe. The OAT "K" factor is set to 1.0 at the factory.
Contact the OAT probe manufacturer for infomation on selecting this value. Refer to the Pilot Guide for instructions
on how to set the OAT "K" factor.
PIN DESCRIPTION
1 ------------------------- Power In (11 - 35 Vdc positive)

2 ------------------------- Power In (11 - 35 Vdc positive)
3 ------------------------- TXD1- (RS-422)
4 ------------------------- RXD1- (RS-422/423/232)
5 ------------------------- TXD2- (RS-232/423)
6 ------------------------- +TO/-FROM Flag
7 ------------------------- +NAV Flag
8 ------------------------- +GS Flag -- Future Use
9 ------------------------- +Up/-Down -- Future Use
10 ------------------------ +Right CDI
11 ------------------------ Approach (APR) Annunciator
12 ------------------------ Hold (HLD) Annunciator
13 ------------------------ Power Ground
14 ------------------------ Power Ground
15 ------------------------ TXD1+ (RS-422)
16 ------------------------ RXD1+ (RS-422/423/232)
17 ------------------------ RXD2- (RS-232/423 and TTL)
18 ------------------------ TO/+FROM, -Flag, CDI Common
19 ------------------------ Superflag/One PPS
20 ------------------------ Audio Out - 600Ω
21 ------------------------ Safeguard Enable
22 ------------------------ + Left, CDI Common
23 ------------------------ Message (MSG) Annunciator
24 ------------------------ Waypoint Alert (WPT) Annunciator
Figure 2-1 Trimble 2000 Approach Pin-out
Revision A
Notes:
1. Installations utilizing this antenna are limited to aircraft not equipped with Satellite
Communications equipment.
2. Recommended mounting screws are 8-32 UNC stainless steel (4 pl.)
Figure 2-2 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20) Installation Drawing
Revision A
Notes:
1. Installations utilizing this antenna are limited to aircraft not equipped with Satellite
Communications equipment.
2. Recommended mounting screws are 8-32 UNF stainless steel (4 pl.)
Figure 2-3 ARINC GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-11) Installation Drawing (alternate)
Revision E
Note: The use of this GPS antenna for IFR installations in aircraft equipped with satellite
communication equipment should be tested to ensure no interference exists
between the SATCOM equipment and the GPS antenna.
Figure 2-4 ARINC 743 Hi Speed GPS Antenna (P/N 81194) Installation Drawing (alternate)
Revision C
July 28, 1995 Page 2-9
Note: Dimensions shown in parenthesis are in millimeters.
Figure 2-5 Trimble 2000 Approach Installation Drawing
Revision A
ITEM NO. P/N DESCRIPTION QTY
1 14420-00 Mounting Tray Assembly 1
2 14423 Rear Panel 1
3 14426 Airway Tube 1
4 16737 Foam Rubber Tube 1
5 16165 24-Pin Connector 1
6 11055 Screw #4-40 X 1/4 PL FH 1
7 16167 Screw M2.5 X 10mm ss 2
8 14719-00 GPS Antenna Cable Kit 1
9 16168 Retaining Ring 1
10 14424 Rear Guard Cage 1
11 80832 Tie Wrap 1
12 10257 Screw #4-40 X 1/4 PL PH 6
13 16169 Cable Retainer Bracket 1
Assembly Instructions:
1. Press foam tube (4) on to short end of airway tube (3). Insert airway tube into .80
inch diameter hole and retain with retaining ring (9).
2. Attach cable retainer bracket (13) to rear panel (2) with #4-40 flat head screw (6).
3. Attach 24-pin connector (5) to rear panel (2) with two M2.5 X 10mm pan head screws
(7). Connector floats on mount.
4. Assemble GPS connector (8) with washers and nuts provided. Bend lug ring washer
tab to retain hex nut.
CAUTION
IMPROPER ASSEMBLY OF GPS CONNECTOR HARDWARE COULD CAUSE
INTERMITTENT OPERATION OR LOSS OF GPS SIGNAL RECEPTION.
5. Retain all cables with tie wrap (11)
6. Attach rear guard cage (10) with two #4-40 pan head screws (12).
7. Attach assembled rear panel (2) to mounting tray (1) with four #4-40 pan head screws
(12).
Figure 2-6 Mounting Tray Assembly Drawing
Revision A
Figure 2-7 Typical System Interconnection
Revision E
BENDIX
Trimble BENDIX BENDIX BENDIX COLLINS CENTURY
OUTPUT TERRA KING SIGMA-TEK
2000 KING KING KING IND 350A NSD 360A
NAME TRI-NAVC KI 525A IU 445
Approach KI 202 KI 206 KI 207 IND 351A NSD 1000
(P1)
+ RIGHT
10 j j j 12 6 b 18 18
CDI
CDI
22 n n n 11 5 V 17 17
COMMON
+TO/-FROM 6 e e e 9 --- Z 33 33
+NAV FLAG 7 N N N 7 15 K 8 31
SERIAL
18 S,F S,F S,F 8,10 11 T,F 7,34 32,34
COMMON
CAUTION
Consult all relevant Installation Manuals before wiring!!!
Figure 2-8 CDI/HSI Interconnection
Revision A
Trimble 2000 Approach Serial Port 1 Output Connections
SHADIN ARGUS STORMSCOPE

SIGNAL Trimble 2000 SHADIN SHADIN
AIRDATA 3000/5000 WX 1000
NAME Approach MINIFLO-L DIGIFLO
ADC 200 /7000 NOTE 1
TXD1+ 15 3 6 J 4 5
TXD1- 3 4 9 H 16 4
CABLE
13 9 2 D 24 32
SHIELD
SETUP - K0 K0 K0 K0 or ARGUS K0
TNL 12480-00 - RS-422/232 Adapter Output Connections for use with Port 1
RS-422/232 ADAPTER PC SERIAL PC SERIAL

ARTEX
SIGNAL Trimble 2000 TRIMBLE 12480-00 PORT PORT
ELS 10
NAME Approach (25 PIN D) (9 PIN D)
RS-422 SIDE RS-232 SIDE NOTE 2
NOTE 2 NOTE 2
TXD1+ 15 16 - - - -
TXD1- 3 3 3 5 3 2
SERIAL
18 - 7 2 7 5
COMMON
CABLE
13 7 7 2 1 5
SHIELD
AIRCRAFT
POWER 1,2 25 - - - -
NOTE 3
AIRCRAFT
GROUND 13,14 7 - - - -
NOTE 3
SETUP - - - R0 (ANY) (ANY) Notes:
1. Should be configured for RS-422

communications.
2. The recommended connection is to use a

TNL 12480-00 RS-422/232 adapter.
However, a direct connection will work in
most installations. See Appendix B for
CAUTION further details of the Serial Data Interface.
3. Power and ground connections are shown
only for Trimble products and adapters.
Figure 2-9 Serial Port Interconnection (Sheet 1 of 4)
Revision A
Trimble 2000 Approach Serial Port 2 Output Connections
PC SERIAL PC SERIAL
ARGUS STORMSCOPE
SIGNAL Trimble 2000 ARTEX PORT PORT
3000/5000 WX 1000
NAME Approach ELS 10 (25 PIN D) (9 PIN D)
/7000 NOTE 4
NOTE 5 NOTE 5
TXD2- 5 16 5 5 3 2
SERIAL
18 4 3 2 7 5
COMMON
CABLE
13 24 32 2 1 5
SHIELD
SETUP - K0 or ARGUS K0 R0 (ANY) (ANY)
TNL 12480-00 - RS-422/232 Adapter Output Connections for use with Port 2 (See Note 6)
RS-422/232 ADAPTER SHADIN

SIGNAL Trimble 2000 TRIMBLE 12480-00 SHADIN SHADIN
AIRDATA
NAME Approach MINIFLO DIGIFLO
RS-232 SIDE RS-422 SIDE ADC 200
TXD2+ - - 14 3 6 J
TXD2- 5 2 2 4 9 H
SERIAL
18 7 - - - -
COMMON
CABLE
13 7 7 9 2 D
SHIELD
AIRCRAFT
POWER 1,2 - 25 - - -
NOTE 3
AIRCRAFT
GROUND 13,14 - 7 - - -
NOTE 3
SETUP - - - K0 K0 K0
Notes (cont.):
4. Should be configured for RS-232

communications.
5. A few computer interfaces may not

recognize the Port 2 signals. If this
occurs, an adapter (TNL P/N 12480-00)
CAUTION will be necessary.
6. Must be used to drive or receive signals
from any RS-422 device on Port 2.
Revision A
Trimble 2000 Approach Serial Port 1 Input Connections
ROSETTA ROSETTA ICARUS SHADIN

Trimble RMI
SIGNAL SERIALIZER ENCODER 3000 AIRDATA
2000 ENCODER
NAME ARS 50 ARS 100 SERIALIZER ADC 200
Approach NOTE 7
NOTE 7,8 NOTE 7 NOTE 7,8 NOTE 7
RXD1+ 16 15 15 1 7 11
RXD1- 4 7 7 6 2 12
CABLE
13 15 15 1 15 9
SHIELD
SETUP - ENCODER ENCODER RMI ENCODER ENCODER
TNL 12480-00 - RS-232 Adapter Input Connections for use with Port 1
RS-422/232 ADAPTER PC SERIAL PC SERIAL

SIGNAL Trimble 2000 TRIMBLE 12480-00 PORT PORT
NAME Approach (25 PIN D) (9 PIN D)
RS-422 SIDE RS-232 SIDE NOTE 2 NOTE 2
RXD1+ 16 14 - 7 5
RXD1- 4 2 2 2 3
SERIAL
18 - 7 7 5
COMMON
CABLE
13 7 7 1 5
SHIELD
AIRCRAFT
POWER 1,2 25 - - -
NOTE 3
AIRCRAFT
GROUND 13,14 7 - - -
NOTE 3
SETUP - - - (ANY) (ANY) Notes (cont.):
7. Most encoders require approximately 10 minutes

to warm-up. Any data output before this period
has expired may be in error and should not be
used. Refer to the appropriate equipment's
manual for more specific information.
8. Serializer connects to the aircraft's existing Mode

CAUTION C encoder and provides the Trimble GPS receiver
Consult all relevant Installation Manuals before wiring!!! with serial altitude information. A serializer is
required for blind encoders and devices with
Gray Code outputs.
Revision A
Trimble 2000 Approach Serial Port 2 Input Connections
ROSETTA ROSETTA
RMI PC SERIAL PC SERIAL
SIGNAL Trimble 2000 SERIALIZER ENCODER
ENCODER PORT PORT
NAME Approach ARS 50 ARS 100
NOTE 7 (25 PIN D) (9 PIN D)
NOTE 7,8 NOTE 7,8
RXD2- 17 7 7 6 2 3
SERIAL
18 15 15 1 7 5
COMMON
CABLE
13,14 15 15 1 1 5
SHIELD
SETUP - ENCODER ENCODER ENCODER (ANY) (ANY)
TNL 12480-00 - RS-422/232 Adapter Input Connections for use with Port 2 (See Note 6)
RS-422/232 ADAPTER ICARUS

SHADIN
SIGNAL Trimble 2000 TRIMBLE 12480-00 3000
AIRDATA
NAME Approach SERIALIZER
RS-232 SIDE RS-422 SIDE ADC 200
NOTE 7,8
RXD2+ - - 14 7 11
RXD2- 17 2 2 2 12
SERIAL
18 7 - - -
COMMON
CABLE
13 7 7 15 9
SHIELD
AIRCRAFT
POWER 1,2 - 25 - -
NOTE 3
AIRCRAFT
GROUND 13,14 - 7 - -
NOTE 3
SETUP - - - ENCODER ENCODER
NOTE: Refer to page 2-19 for note 3, page 2-21 for note 6, and
page 2-23 for notes 7 and 8.
CAUTION
Revision A
TABLE OF CONTENTS
3.1 GENERAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1
3.2 SYSTEM CHECKOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1

3.2.1 Preliminary test ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1
3.2.2 Serial Port Configuration ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1
3.2.3 GPS Receiver Tests ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-2
3.2.4 Analog Interface Check --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-4
3.3 FINAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3-5
3.3.1 Configuration Record Sheet --------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-5
3.3.2 Flight Manual Supplement ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-5
Revision A
3.1 GENERAL
This section contains installation checkout, system configuration, and basic operating procedures. More detailed operating
procedures are contained in the Pilot Guide.
3.2 SYSTEM CHECKOUT
3.2.1 Preliminary test

Before the unit is installed and tested, verify the accuracy of the installation. With the unit removed, turn on the power
and verify the following:
1. Verify that Aircraft dc bus voltage is present on pins 1 and 2. Also, if external annunciators are installed, verify
that voltage is present on pins 11, 12, 23, and 24.
2. Verify that ground is present on pins 13 and 14.
3. Verify the continuity between pins 21 and 22.
4. Make sure the mounting tray is securely fastened and properly braced.
5. Verify that the GPS antenna connector is not shorted and demonstrates some play.
When the above conditions are verified, turn off the master power. Slide the unit into the mounting tray and tighten
the locking device. Turn on the unit. During initialization, the unit performs a comprehensive diagnostics routine.
A failure of any system component is annunciated by a flashing "Fail" message adjacent to the relevant category.
This failure will cause the Message (MSG) annunciator to light and remain lit. Consult the Pilot Guide for more
information concerning FAIL messages.
3.2.2 Serial Port Configuration
The Receiver/Display unit requires configuration for each serial port to be utilized. Press the key until the
INSTALL submode is activated. The display below is shown briefly.
*êêêêêINSTALLêêêêêê*
Rotate the small, inner selector knob until the display below is shown.
SERIALêI/OêSETUP
êTURNêOUTERêKNOB
Rotate the large, outer selector knob until the desired port is shown. Serial port 1 is set to a default value of Encoder
and the output is set to a default value of K0. These settings will be correct for most installations. To edit this port,
press the key. Choose the field to edit with the large, outer selector knob. Change the settings by rotating
the small, inner selector knob. Press the key to complete the entry. Refer to the specifications of the connected
hardware to determine the settings. Appendix B of this manual contains more detailed information about the data
formats.
After setting Serial port 1, continue rotating the large outer knob to setup Serial port 2. Serial port 2 is set to a default
value of NONE for input and the output is set to K1.
Revision D
November 4, 1996 Page 3-1
3.2.3 GPS Receiver Tests

Prior to performing the GPS receiver test, make sure the aircraft is outside and away from any tall buildings or objects
which will obstruct the line-of-sight communication between the unit's antenna and the satellites.
3.2.3.1 Satellite Signal Reception
To conduct the GPS receiver tests on units, press the key until the SENSOR STATUS submode is
selected. The display below is shown.
*êêSENSORêSTATUSêêê*
Rotate the large, outer selector knob until a display similar to the one below is shown.
GPSêTRACKê6:
2ê18ê19ê27ê29ê31
This display indicates the number of satellites being tracked (6) as well as identifying each satellite tracked (by
number). A flashing satellite number indicates a satellite which is being tracked but not being used in the position
solution. The GPS annunciator on the Trimble 2000 Approach front panel indicates that sufficient satellites are
being used to provide position updates.
3.2.3.2 Comm Test
Harmonic interference from VHF transmissions on the following frequencies may affect GPS signal reception:
Frequency in MHz
121.150
121.175
121.200
131.250
131.275
131.300
Installations intended for IFR approvals should be tested to ensure no interference is generated by VHF
transmissions.
For each interfering frequency, perform the following test:
1. Tune the VHF radio to the frequency under test.

2. While observing the GPS satellites tracked display and internal GPS annunciator, key the VHF transmitter
for 20 seconds.
3. If the number of satellites in use drops to the point that GPS navigation is no longer possible (GPS
annunciator illuminates), then too much interference exists between VHF radio and the Trimble 2000
Approach.
Two common sources of interference are from the VHF radio front panel to the GPS antenna and from the
VHF antenna to the GPS antenna.
To minimize front panel to antenna interference, ensure that all cabin doors and windows are closed when
performing the test. This type of interference is also minimized by being away from the ground and ground
structures. If required, the test may be performed in flight. Finally, the location of the GPS antenna may
affect levels of VHF front panel to GPS antenna interference.
Revision D
Page 3-2 November 4, 1996
For VHF antenna to GPS antenna interference, a filter may be inserted in line with the VHF transmission
line.
The following filters are recommended:
SPECIFICATIONS FOR LOW PASS FILTER

I.L. = 0.4 dB max. @ 140 MHz
3 dB cutoff = 539 MHz nominal
50 dBc @ 1500 MHz
Power: 30 Watts CW
Size: 0.5" Dia. X 3.00" T.T.
Connectors: BNC female/ male
VENDOR VENDOR P/N

FSY MICROWAVE, INC. LC539-7BBM
1055 First Street
Rockville, MD 20850
PH: (301) 294-8950
FAX: (301) 294-3007
TRILITHIC 3LC500-3-50-CD
9202 East 33rd Street
Indianapolis, IN 46236
PH: (800) 344-2412
FAX: (317) 895-3613
After modifying installation as appropriate, repeat steps 1 and 2 for each interfering frequency. If interference
continues, please contact Trimble Technical Support at (800) 487-4662 in the USA, (512) 432-0400 elsewhere.
3.2.3.3 GPS Antenna Performance
To check the GPS antenna performance, press the key until the SYSTEM STATUS submode is activated.
Rotate the small, inner selector knob until the display below is shown.
INPUTêVOLTAGE:ê14.2V
INTERNALêTEMP:êê45C
Rotate the large, outer selector knob until the display below is shown.
GPSêANTENNA:êê4§êV
êêêêCURRENT:êêê83mA
Verify that the GPS antenna current is at least 75 mA and the voltage is at least 4 V for antenna P/N 16248-11.
Note: The GPS antenna current value will differ depending on the antenna used.
Revision B
February 23, 1995 Page 3-3
3.2.4 Analog Interface Check

3.2.4.1 CDI Calibration to External Unit
The following procedure will calibrate the internal GPS CDI to an external CDI. Press the key until the
INSTALL submode is displayed. Rotate the small, inner selector knob until the display below is shown.
INSTALLê&êTESTêSETUP
êTURNêOUTERêKNOB
Rotate the large, outer selector knob until the display below is shown.
I/OêINTERFACEêCHECK
êêêêêêêêêPRESSê(ENT)
To continue, press the key. Refer to the display shown below.
SETêCDIêCENTERED
(USEêKNOB)êêêêê(ENT)
Rotate the small, inner selector knob until the CDI is centered. Once it is centered, press the key. Refer
to the display shown below.
SETêCDIêFULLêLEFT
Rotate the small, inner selector knob until the CDI shows full left deflection and press the key.
3.2.4.2 CDI/Annunciator Test
After calibrating the CDI, press the key one additional time. The display below is shown.
TESTêCDIê#1:5L
The message CDI:5L indicates the external analog CDI should display full left deflection. As the small, inner
selector knob is rotated clockwise, the display should indicate where the external CDI is positioned. The cycle
starts at 5L for full left deflection and continues to 5R for full right deflection. If this is incorrect, the calibration
must be repeated.
Revision D
Page 3-4 November 4, 1996
After the CDI deflection test has been completed, press the key to display "FLAG: FROM" on the top line,
indicating the CDI's FROM flag should be in view. As either selector knob is rotated clockwise, the following
test conditions will occur:
FLAG: TO TO flag in view

FLAG: OFF NO TO/FROM indication
FLAG: NAV NOT VISIBLE NAV Valid (flag out of view)
FLAG: GS NOT VISIBLE GS flag out of view*
ANNUNCIATOR: APR Approach annunciator lit
ANNUNCIATOR: HLD Hold annunciator lit
ANNUNCIATOR: MSG Message annunciator lit
ANNUNCIATOR: WPT Waypoint Alert annunciator lit
* The GS flag exist only in the test routine.
Verify that the conditions displayed by the receiver/display unit are identical to the external CDI conditions. The
complete sequence must be completed by pressing the key for the CDI calibration to take effect.
3.3 FINAL
3.3.1 Configuration Record Sheet

The Configuration Record Sheet, on the following page, is to be completed by the installation agency and attached
to the Pilot Guide. If the system should be reset for any reason, the pilot will have a reference as to how the unit is
configured.
3.3.2 Flight Manual Supplement

An example of an approved Flight Manual Supplement for the Trimble 2000 Approach will be included in this
manual when available.
Revision A
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Revision A
Configuration Record Sheet
Plane Make and Model _____________________________________________
Owner _________________________________________________________
Address _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Unit Installed _____________________________________________________
Serial Number ____________________________________________________
Installation Agency ________________________________________________
Address _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Serial Port Configuration
PORT FORMAT BAUD RATE
INPUT PORT 1 -
OUTPUT PORT 1
INPUT PORT 2 -
OUTPUT PORT 2
Revision A
Revision A
APPENDIX A - RTCA/DO-160C Environmental Qualification Forms
A.1 RECEIVER/DISPLAY UNIT
RTCA/DO 160-C
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALIFICATION FORM
Nomenclature Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver Unit

Part Number 81438-XX
TSO Number C129 (A1)
Manufacturer Trimble Navigation Limited
Address 2105 Donley Drive
Austin, TX 78758
USA
CONDITIONS PARA CONDUCTED TESTS
Temperature and Altitude 4.0 Category D1

Temperature Variation 5.0 Category C
Humidity 6.0 Category A
Shock 7.0 6 g's, 11 ms
Vibration 8.0 Categories M, N, and B
Explosion 9.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Waterproofness 10.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Fluids Susceptibility 11.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Sand and Dust 12.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Fungus 13.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Salt Spray 14.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Magnetic Effect 15.0 Category Z
Power Input 16.0 Category B
Voltage Spike Conducted 17.0 Category A
A-F Conducted Susceptibility 18.0 Category B
Induced Signal Susceptibility 19.0 Category A
Radio Frequency Susceptibility 20.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Emissions of RF Energy 21.0 Category B
Lightning Induced Transient 22.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Susceptibility
Lightning direct effects 23.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Icing 24.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Revision A
January 6, 1995 Page A-1
A.2 GPS ANTENNA
RTCA/DO 160-C
Nomenclature Antenna Assembly, GPS, Airborne

Part Number 16248-20
TSO Number C115a, C129
Austin, TX 78758
USA
Temperature and Altitude 4.0 Category F2

Temperature Variation 5.0 Category A
Humidity 6.0 Category B
Vibration 8.0 Categories Y, C, L, M, N, and B
Fluids Susceptibility 11.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Magnetic Effect 15.0 Category Z
Power Input 16.0 Category A
A-F Conducted Susceptibility 18.0 Category A
Induced Signal Susceptibility 19.0 Category Z
Radio Frequency Susceptibility 20.0 Category W
Emissions of RF Energy 21.0 Category Z
Susceptibility
Lightning direct effects 23.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Revision A
Page A-2 January 6, 1995
RTCA/DO 160-C
Nomenclature ARINC GPS Antenna

Part Number 16248-11
TSO Number C129
Austin, TX 78758
USA
Temperature 4.0 Category F2

Altitude 5.0 Category F2
Vibration 8.0 Categories B, C, L, M, N, and Y
Fluids susceptibility 11.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Magnetic Effect 15.0 Category z
Power Input 16.0 Category A
A-F Conducted Susceptibility 18.0 Category A
Induced Signal Susceptibility 19.0 Category Z
Radio Frequency Susceptibility 20.0 Category W
Radio Frequency Emission 21.0 Category Z
Susceptibility
Lightning Direct Effects 23.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Revision A
January 6, 1995 Page A-3
RTCA/DO 160-C
Nomenclature ARINC 743 Hi Speed GPS Antenna

Part Number 81194
TSO Number C115a, C129
Manufacturer Sensor Systems
Address 8929 Fullbright Ave.
Chatsworth, CA 91311
USA
Temperature 4.0 Category F2

Altitude 5.0 Category F2
Vibration 8.0 Categories C and L
Waterproofness 10.0 Category S
Fluids susceptibility 11.0 Category F
Sand and Dust 12.0 Category D
Fungus 13.0 Category F
Salt Spray 14.0 Category S
Magnetic Effect 15.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Power Input 16.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Voltage Spike Conducted 17.0 Category X (Not Tested)
A-F Conducted Susceptibility 18.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Induced Signal Susceptibility 19.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Radio Frequency Susceptibility 20.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Radio Frequency Emission 21.0 Category X (Not Tested)
Susceptibility
Lightning Direct Effects 23.0 Category 2A
Icing 24.0 Category C
Revision A
Page A-4 January 6, 1995
APPENDIX B - Serial Interface Specification
B.1 INTRODUCTION
Serial communication capabilities for the Trimble 2000 Approach are provided by two bi-directional serial communication
ports compatible with EIA RS-232 and RS-422 protocols. Different formats may be selected on each port providing the user
flexibility in interfacing various systems with the Trimble 2000 Approach.
All information contained in this section is subject to change without notice.
B.2 BASIC COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL DESCRIPTIONS
B.2.1 RS-422
The RS-422 protocol uses differential signals with a magnitude in the range of 2-6 volts and a polarity as follows:
Logic 1: The non-inverting (+) signal is negative with respect to the inverting (-) signal (Signal Condition = MARK).
Logic 0: The non-inverting (+) signal is positive with respect to the inverting (-) signal (Signal Condition = SPACE).
RS-422 has the capability of driving up to ten receive devices in parallel from a single transmitter. It can drive long
cable lengths and has superior noise immunity.
B.2.2 RS-232
The RS-232 protocol specifies a bipolar, unbalanced signal referenced to a common ground (serial common). For
example, for RS-232D, the polarity is as follows:
Logic 1: The transmitter voltage is between -5V and -15V (Signal Condition = MARK).
Logic 0: The transmitter voltage is between +5V and +15V (Signal Condition = SPACE).
B.2.3 RS-423
The RS-423 protocol specifies a bipolar, unbalanced signal referenced only to the transmitter's ground and is
received differentially. The polarity is as follows:
Logic 1: The transmitter voltage is -4V to -6V (Signal Condition = MARK).
Logic 0: The transmitter voltage is +4V to +6V (Signal Condition = SPACE).
Revision A
January 6, 1995 Page B-1
B.3 CONNECTOR PIN ASSIGNMENTS
All interface connections are provided on a 24-pin connector. The following table defines pin numbers, functions, and
descriptions for all serial interface pins utilized on the Trimble 2000 Approach.
PIN
FUNCTION DESCRIPTION
NUMBER
3 TXD1- Transmit Port #1 (RS-422)
4 RXD1- Receive Port #1 (RS-422/423/232)
5 TXD2- Transmit Port #2 (RS-232/423)
15 TXD1+ Transmit Port #1 (RS-422)
16 RXD1+ Receive Port #1 (RS-422/423/232)
17 RXD2- Receive Port #2 (RS-232/423 and TTL)
18 Serial Common Ground Reference for RS-232/423 -- See Note 1
Note:
1. Terminate shields on pins 13 or 14 (Aircraft Ground).
Revision A
Page B-2 January 6, 1995
B.4 SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION OF SERIAL PORTS
The serial ports may be configured by the user. The following is a list of the available ports:
• SERIAL-1 in
• SERIAL-1 out
• SERIAL-1 I/O
• SERIAL-2 in
• SERIAL-2 out
• SERIAL-2 I/O
To configure the serial ports of the Trimble 2000 Approach, perform the following steps:
• Press the key until the INSTALL submode is activated

• Rotate the small, inner selector knob until the unit displays SERIAL I/O SETUP in the top line
• Rotate the large, outer selector knob to select the desired port
To edit the contents of the selected serial port, perform the following steps:
• Press the key

• Rotate the large, outer selector knob to select the desired field to edit
• Rotate the small, inner selector knob to change the character
• Repeat the previous two steps until the desired information is displayed
• Press the key to complete the entry
B.5 RECEIVE PORTS
B.5.1 Configuration
Two data formats may be selected to accept input from external altitude encoders, gray-code to serial altitude
converters, or the RMI (Rocky Mountain Instruments) µEncoder Airdata system. To select a data format, refer to
section B.4. The baud rate of each of these formats is automatically set; ENCODER is 9600 baud and RMI is 1200
baud.
B.5.2 Encoder Data Format

The Encoder data format accepts a variety of messages with the following parameters:
Baud: 9600
Parity: None
Start Bit: 1
Data Bits: 8
Stop Bit: 1
Update Rate: 1 msg/sec
The data format is variable and depends upon the device generating the message. Compatible devices include
Rosetta Encoders and Serializers (ARS 50 and ARS 100). The simplest compatible format for altitude information
BYTE 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
CONTENTS A L T 1 2 3 4 5 c/r
is the following 10 byte ASCII message:
Some examples include: 'ALT 00000' 0 feet

'ALT -1200' -1200 feet
'ALT 62505' 62,510 feet
'ALT 05604' 5,600 feet
Revision A
B.5.3 RMI Data Format

The Rocky Mountain Instruments µEncoder Airdata System transmits a 61-byte ASCII data frame once per second.
The RMI configuration consists of the following parameters:
Baud: 1200
Parity: None
Start Bit: 1
Data Bits: 8
Stop Bit: 1
Data Format: 61 byte unpacked BCD data message (See Table below)
BYTE
BYTE NAME DESCRIPTION
NUMBER
01 ID #1 Hex Identifier Byte -- always FFH
02 ID #2 Hex Identifier Byte -- always 80H
03 - 07 IALT Current Indicated Altitude
08 - 12 PALT Pressure Altitude
13 - 17 DALT Density Altitude
18 - 20 KTS Indicated Airspeed in knots
21 - 23 TAS True Airspeed in knots
24 - 26 MACH Indicated Airspeed in MACH
27 - 30 VSI Vertical Speed in fpm (multiplied by 10)
31 - 33 OAT Outside Air Temperature
34 - 36 TAT True Air Temperature
37 - 40 InHg Altimeter Setting (inches Mercury)
41 - 44 Inds Indicator Flags (See Table below)
45 - 61 - Manufacturer’s Use
Revision A
BIT
BYTE #1 BYTE #2 BYTE #3 BYTE #4
NUMBER
0 FT/ALT CONV FLAP Mb
In Hg
1 CAL TAS GEAR
decimal pt
2 HOLD KT FPM -
3 NO IAS TAT -
4 Vno UPATI C -
5 Vne DOWNATI LGT -
6 APP M temp - sign -
MACH
7 YES In Hg -
decimal pt
Indicator Byte Table
B.5.4 Air Data Computer Format
The Air Data computer transmits once per second using the following parameters:
Baud: 9600
Parity: None
Start Bit: 1
Data Bits: 8
Stop Bit: 1
Air Data messages are accepted when the serial port is set to "ENCODER". A packet consists of a set of ASCII
message strings. The first character of each packet is an ASCII Start-of-Text (STX = 02H). The last character of
each packet will be an ASCII End-of-Text (ETX = 03H).
Each message string begins with one ASCII character to identify it as an Air Data message ("Z"). The second
character identifies which message it is. The rest of the string consists of one or more alphanumeric ASCII fields.
Each message field ends with a carriage return, line feed (CR = 0D0AH). All numeric fields are ASCII decimal, right
justified and zero filled. If the Air Data Computer cannot supply data in a particular field, the field is filled with dashes
("-" = 2DH). The table on the next page lists the valid message strings.
Revision A
ITEM FORMAT CONTENTS DESCRIPTION
ZAddd Indicated Air Speed ddd =knots (5 to 385)
ZBddd True Air Speed ddd = knots (40 to 600)
ZCddd Mach Speed ddd = Mach x 1000 (0

to 999)
ZDsdddd Pressure Altitude s = sign, dddd = tens of

feet (-100 to +5999)
ZEsdddd Density Altitude s = sign, dddd = tens of

feet (-800 to +5999)
ZFsdd Outside Air s = sign, dd = celsius

Temperature (-99 to +99)
ZGsdd True Air Temperature s = sign, d = celsius

(-99 to +99)
ZHddd Wind Direction ddd = magnetic

degrees (0 to 359)
ZIddd Wind Speed ddd = knots (0 to 150)
ZJsdd Rate of Turn s = sign, dd =

degrees/second (-20 to
+20)
ZKsddd Vertical Speed s = sign, ddd = tens of

feet/minute (-600 to
+600)
ZLddd Heading ddd = magnetic
degrees (0 to 359)
ZMdddd Right Engine Fuel dddd = gal/hr (0 to

Flow 999.9)
ZNddddd Right Engine Fuel dddd = gallons (0 to

Used 9999.9)
ZOdddd Left Engine Fuel Flow dddd = gal/hr (0 to

999.9)
ZPddddd Left Engine Fuel Used ddddd = gallons (0 to
9999.9)
ZQddd Error Log ddd = number (0 to
255)
ZRddd Packet Checksum ddd = number (0 to

255)
Notes:
1. If a packet contains more than one of the same type of message string, the data from the
last message is used.
2. The contents of the Error Log is to be determined.
3. The Packet Checksum is the ASCII representation of the decimal value of the 8-bit,
unsigned sum of every byte in the packet excluding the STX, ETX, and the checksum
message string itself.
Revision A
B.6 TRANSMIT PORTS
B.6.1 Configuration
Transmit Ports 1 and 2 (TXD1 and TXD2) provide interface capability with a variety of peripheral devices such as
moving maps and fuel flow computers, as well as providing data to users for custom applications. Adapters are
available for each port to provide RS-422 and/or RS-232 signals. No hand-shaking lines are provided.
Six data formats are available for use and may be selected in the INSTALL submode of the AUX mode (See Section
B.4). These formats are RNAV 0 and 1 (R0 and R1), King 0 and 1 (K0 and K1), and Extended King 0 and 1 (X0 and
X1). Formats R0 and R1 may be set to any baud rate (from 1200 baud to 38.4 kbaud, excepting 19.2 kbaud) while
formats K0, K1, X0, and X1 may only be set to 9600 baud or 38.4 kbaud. The update rate may be set from 1 to 999
seconds for any of the formats. The only exception is if the baud rate is 1200. For this case, the maximum update
rate is 2 seconds.
The data stream is a string of ten-bit serial ASCII characters consisting of one start bit, eight data bits, and one stop
bit. No parity is generated.
Data messages begin with an ASCII Start of Text (STX) character and end with an End of Text (ETX) character. A
single alphabetic character precedes each data element.
The data output format is as follows: <STX><id><dddd><it><id><dddd><it>....<id><dddd><it><ETX>
Where: STX = ASCII Start of Text Character

id = Item Designator (Single Alphabetic Character)
dddd = Item Data
it = Item Terminator: (CR) or (CR)(LF)
ETX = ASCII End-of-Text Character
B.6.2 R0 and R1 Data Formats

Data output is identical for both formats with the exception of the end of line codes. R0 is output with a carriage return
(CR) denoting the end of the line. R1 is output with both a carriage return (CR) and a line feed (LF) at the end of a
line.
Revision A
The following information is output:
INFORMATION OUTPUT
Latitude (LAT) North or South degrees
Longitude (LON) East or West degrees
Track (TK) Magnetic degrees
Ground Speed (GS) Knots
Distance to Destination Waypoint (DIS) Nautical miles
Estimated Time Enroute (ETE) Hours and Minutes
Cross-Track Error (XTK) Right or Left nautical miles
Track Angle Error (TKE) Right or Left degrees
Desired Track (DTK) Degrees (Mag or True)
Flight Plan Leg Number,

Active Leg Number (LEG)
Direct = 21, Heading = 22
Destination Waypoint Identifier (IDENT) ASCII Characters
Bearing To Destination Waypoint (BRG) Degrees
Parallel Offset (PTK) Right or Left nautical miles
Estimated Position Error Nautical miles
Magnetic Variation East or West degrees
Time Since Solution Seconds and tenths
Warnings Character in Designated Field
Minimum Safe Altitude (MSA) Thousands of feet
Minimum Enroute Safe Altitude Thousands of feet
Date Month, day and Year
Time of Day Hours minutes and seconds
Software Code Six digit number
Revision A
The following table describes the contents of the R0 and the R1 data formats:
ITEM FIELD
ITEM FORMAT ITEM DESCRIPTION
DESIGNATOR WIDTH
A N dd mmmm 9 LAT (N or S, deg, min x 100)
B W ddd mmmm 10 LON (E or W, deg, min x 100)
C ddd 3 TK (deg)
D sss 3 GS (kts)
E dddddd 6 DIS (nm x 100)
F hhmm 4 ETE (hrs and mins)
G Lnnnn 5 XTK Error (L or R, nm x 100)
H Ldddd 5 TKE (L or R, deg x 10)
I dddd 4 DTK (deg x 10)
J ll 2 LEG
K ccccc 5 IDENT
L dddd 4 BRG (deg x 10)
M Lnnnn 5 PTK (L or R, nm x 10)
P nnn 3 Estimated Pos Error (nm x 100)
Q Eddd 4 VAR (E or W, deg x 10)
Time Since Last Solution (s x

c ttt 3
10)
T ---A------- 11 Warnings in Effect
d fff 3 MSA (kft x 10)
e fff 3 MESA (kft x 10)
i mm/dd/yy 8 Date
j hh:mm:ss 8 Time
s cccccc 6 Software Code
Revision A
B.6.3 K0 and K1 Data Formats

The K0 and the K1 formats present all the R0 and R1 information explained in the last section. In addition, the K0
and K1 formats add flight plan information. Each waypoint is sent as a separate line terminated with a CR (for K0)
and a CR, LF (for K1). The waypoint data lines are followed by a line of waypoint type identifiers. If no flight plan
is active, no flight plan data will be transmitted.
wdd<binary data>
w Flight plan item designator

dd Sequential waypoint number (ASCII)
binary data 15 bytes of flight plan information
The binary data contains the following information:
Byte 1 -- Sequence Number
BYTE 1
BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
CONTENTS x l a n n n n n
Where:
x undefined (set to zero)

l 1 if last waypoint of flight plan
a 1 if waypoint is active destination
nnnnn Sequential waypoint number, Unsigned Binary
Bytes 2 through 6 -- Waypoint Identifier
BYTE 2 3 4
BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
CONTENTS a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a
BYTE 5 6
BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
CONTENTS a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a
Where:
aaaaaaaa ASCII characters of five-character ID
Note:
A value of 7FH in byte 2 indicates that the waypoint identifier is unknown and bytes 2
through 6 should be ignored.
Revision A
Bytes 7 through 13 -- Latitude/Longitude
Latitude and longitude of waypoint. Packed, unsigned binary values for degrees, minutes and hundredths of
minutes.
BYTE 7 8 9
BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
CONTENTS s d d d d d d d x x m m m m m m x h h h h h h h
Where:
s 0 if North latitude
1 if South latitude
ddddddd Latitude degrees
mmmmmm Latitude minutes
hhhhhhh Latitude hundredths of minutes
BYTE 10 11 12
BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
CONTENTS s x x x x x x x d d d d d d d d x x m m m m m m
BYTE 13
BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
CONTENTS x h h h h h h h
Where:
s 0 if East longitude
1 if West longitude
ddddddd Longitude degrees
mmmmmm Longitude minutes
hhhhhhh Longitude hundredths of minutes
Note:
A value of 7FH in byte 7 indicates that latitude and longitude are not presently available
and bytes 7 through 13 should be ignored.
Revision A
Bytes 14 and 15 -- Magnetic Variation
BYTE 14 15
BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
CONTENTS n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
Where:
nnnnnnnn Magnetic variation at waypoint.
Two’s complement binary in sixteenths of degrees. Easterly variation is positive.
Note:
A value of 7FH in byte 14 indicates that magnetic variation is not presently available and
bytes 14 and 15 should be ignored.
t Waypoint Type
This indicates the type of waypoints in the flight plan according to flight plan order (e.g., Airport, VORs, NDBs,
Intersections, or User). The number of waypoints in the flight plan determines the number of bytes in this field (5
waypoints in the flight plan makes this field 5 bytes long). The format is as follows:
t nnn...
The following values are acceptable for "n":
a Airport, Public Use

m Military Base
h Heliport
s Seaplane Base
v VOR
n NDB
i Intersection
u User Defined
Revision A
B.6.4 X0 and X1 Formats

The X0 and X1 formats contain all of the items of the K0 and K1 formats plus the following additional items. No field
width is set for any of the items. The fields are separated by one or more blanks. The decimal point is included for
those items listing fractional units. Leading zeros and a space between the item designator are optional and may
not appear on some items. All fields are in ASCII. Any item designator not specified is reserved for Trimble use.
INFORMATION OUTPUT
Position and Speed North or south degrees latitude

East or west degrees longitude
Ground speed in knots
Altitude GPS altitude in feet

Pressure altitude in feet
Barometric altitude in feet
Track Magnetic track in degrees
Desired track in degrees
Left or right cross-track in nm
Left or right track angle error in
degrees
Vertical Navigation Rate of climb or descent

Desired rate of climb
Vertical error from profile
Vertical angle error
Waypoint BRG/DIS/TIM Distance to waypoint in nm

Bearing to waypoint in degrees
Time to waypoint
Local time Data time tag

Offset from GMT
Parallel offset Left or right offset in nm
Extended Time Time in hours, minutes,

seconds, and milliseconds
Extended Time Since Time since last position fix in

Solution hours, minutes, seconds, and
milliseconds
Sensor mode Sensor in use (GPS, LORAN,

Differential GPS, or None)
GPS mode and # of satellites
used
LORAN, # transmitters used
Revision A
The following data is output:

Position and Speed
ITEM
INFORMATION ITEM FORMAT
DESIGNATOR
k Position and Speed a bb cc.cccc d eee ff.ffff ggg.g
Where:
a bb cc.cccc Current Latitude N or S (a), degrees (bb), minutes (cc.cccc)
d eee ff.ffff Current Longitude E or W (d), degrees (eee), minutes (ff.fff)
ggg.g Ground Speed in knots
Altitude
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
l Altitude (GPS, Pressure, and aaaaa.a bbbbb.b ccccc.c

Barometric)
Where:
aaaaa.a GPS computed altitude
bbbbb.b Pressure altitude
ccccc.c Barometric altitude
Track
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
m Track (Magnetic, Desired, aaa.aa bbb.bb cdd.ddddd efff.ff

Cross-Track Error, and Track
Angle Error
Where:
aaa.aa Magnetic Track in degrees
bbb.bb Desired Track in degrees
cdd.ddddd Cross Track Error L or R (c), nautical miles (dd.ddddd)
efff.ff Track Angle Error L or R (e), degrees (fff.ff)
Vertical Navigation
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
n Vertical Navigation (Actual, abbbb.b cdddd.d efffff.f ghh.hh

Desired, Vertical Error from
Profile, and Vertical Angle Error)
Where:
abbbb.b Actual VNAV + or - (a), feet/minute (bbbb.b)
cdddd.d Desired VNAV + or - (c), feet/minute (dddd.d)
efffff.ff Vertical Error + or - (e), feet (fffff.f)
gh Vertical Angle Error + or - (g), degrees (h)
Revision A
Distance/Bearing/Time to Waypoint
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
o Bearing, Distance, and Time to aaaa.aaaaa bbb.bbb cc:dd:ee

Waypoint
Where:
aaaa.aaaaa Distance to Waypoint in nm
bbb.bbb Bearing to Waypoint in degrees
cc:dd:ee Time to Waypoint in hours (cc), minutes (dd), and seconds (ee)
Data Time Tag/Local Offset
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
p Data Time Tag and Local GMT aa:bb:cc.ccc dee.e

Offset
Where:
aa:bb:cc Data Time Tag in hours (aa), minutes (bb), and seconds (cc)
dee.e Local Time Offset + or - (d), time in hours (ee.e)
Parallel Offset
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
q Parallel Offset abbb.bbbb
Where:
abbb.bbbb Parallel Offset L or R (a), nautical miles (bbb.bbbb)
Extended Time
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
r Extended Time aa:bb:cc.ccc
Where:
aa:bb:cc.ccc Extended Time hours (aa), minutes (bb), and seconds (cc.ccc)
Revision A
Extended Time Since Solution
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
u Extended Time Since Solution aa.aaa
Where:
aa.aaa Extended Time Since Solution in seconds
Sensor Mode
ITEM
DESIGNATOR
z Sensors Mode a GPS-bbc LOR:d
Where:
a Sensor in Use -- Possible values are G (GPS), L (LORAN), D (Differential GPS),
or - (No Position Fix)
GPS-bbc GPS Mode (bb) and Number or satellites used for position fix (c). (bb) may be 2D,
3D, or 0D. (c) is an integer number.
LOR:d LORAN Mode, number of transmitters used in fix (d), integer number.
Revision A
B.6.5 Data Output Format Example

The following is an example of the data output for the R0 and R1 formats. It is also the first part of the K0, K1, X0,
and X1 formats.
EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
<STX>AN 37 2164 LAT North 37° 21.64 min
BW 121 5516 LON West 121° 55.16 min
C137 TK 137°
D128 GS 128 knots
E071227 DIS 712.27 nm
F0534 ETE 5 hrs, 34 min
GR0018 XTK 0.18 nm Right
HR0003 TKE 0.3° Right
I1384 DTK 138.4°
J11 Active Leg #11
KAUS Destination Waypoint AUS
L1389 BRG 138.9°
M0000 PTK 0.0 nm
P001 Position Error 0.1 nm
QE158 Magnetic Variation 15.8° East
Time Since Last Solution 0.1

c001
sec
T----------- No Warnings are Present
d057 MSA 5,700 ft
e059 MESA 5,900 ft
i10/19/89 Date October 19, 1989
j13:52:12 Time 13:52:12 UTC
s020000 Software Code 020000
Revision A
The following is an example of the flight plan information contained in the K0, K1, X0 and X1 formats.
EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
w01aAUS aaaaaaaa Waypoint #1, AUS
w02bDFW bbbbbbbb Waypoint #2, DFW
... ...
wnnxMCI xxxxxxxx Last Waypoint, MCI
t aavavu... Waypoint Types (one for every

waypoint in the flight plan)
The following is an example of the additional information contained only in the X0 and X1 formats.
EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
kN 37 21.64728 W 121 55.16121 128.3 Current Latitude N 37°21.64728'
l 10312.4 ------- ------ GPS Altitude 10,312.4 feet
m 137.42 138.4 R0.18 R0.31 Magnetic Track 137.42°

Desired Track 138.4°
Cross-Track Error Right 0.18 nm
Track Angle Error Right 0.31°
n +0.0 ---- ---- ---- No Vertical Navigation
o 712.27314 138.942 5:34:15 Distance to waypoint 712.27314 nm

Bearing to waypint 138.942°
Time to waypoint 5h 34m 15s
Data time 13h 52m 17s

p 13:52:17 -7.0
Offset from GMT to local time -7.0 hr
q R0.000 No Parallel Offset
r 13:52:17.024 Extended Time 13h 52m 17.024s
u 000.024 Extended Time since solution 0.024s
z G.GPS-3D:4 LOR:7 Sensor in Use GPS

GPS mode 3-D, 4 satellites
LORAN tracking 7 transmitters
Revision A
APPENDIX C - STCs and Flight Manual Supplements
Supplemental Type Certificates and the FAA approved Flight Manual Supplements for the Trimble 2000 Approach
will be included in this manual when they become available.
Revision A
January 6, 1995 Page C-1
Revision A
Page C-2 January 6, 1995

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LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

Revision .......... A ......... January 6, 1995

Page Description Page no. Date

Rev Revision Insertion Rev Revision Insertion

SECTION I - General Information

1.1 INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-1

1.2 DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT ------------------------------------------------------------- 1-2

2.1 GENERAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1

2.2 UNPACKING AND INSPECTING EQUIPMENT ------------------------------------------- 2-1

SECTION III - Checkout

3.1 GENERAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1

3.2 SYSTEM CHECKOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1

APPENDIX A - RTCA/DO-160C Environmental Qualification Forms

A.1 RECEIVER/DISPLAY UNIT -------------------------------------------------------------------- A-1

A.2 GPS ANTENNA ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A-2

APPENDIX B - Serial Interface Specification

B.1 INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-1

B.2 BASIC COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL DESCRIPTIONS ----------------------------- B-1

B.4 SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION OF SERIAL PORTS ----------------------------------- B-3

B.5 RECEIVE PORTS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-3

APPENDIX C - STCs and Flight Manual Supplements

SECTION I - General Information

1.1 INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-1

1.2 DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT ------------------------------------------------------------- 1-2

SECTION I - General Information

Table 1-1 Unit & Antenna Matrix

1.2 DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT

1.2.1 Receiver/Display Unit

1.2.1.1 GPS Receiver

1.2.1.2 User Interface

Access Navigation Mode. Displays enroute navigation information.

Shows twenty nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, and Intersections.

Allows the pilot to view system messages.

A push-pull power switch turns the RDU on and off.

F. NavData Card Slot

1.2.1.3 System Interface

1.2.2 GPS Antenna

1.3 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS

1.3.1 Receiver/Display Units (P/N 81438-XX)

TSO COMPLIANCE C129 (A1)

BZT COMPLIANCE Pending

WEIGHT 3.0 lbs (1.36 kg)

ALTITUDE -1000 ft to +50,000 ft (cabin pressure)*

MAXIMUM TRACK VELOCITY 800 knots*

MOUNTING Panel mounted with Trimble supplied rack

POWER REQUIREMENTS 1.0 A @ 14 Vdc (all units)

* Complies with USA export requirements

1.3.1.1 GPS Receiver

TYPE L1 Frequency (1575 MHz), C/A Code,

ACQUISITION TIME 1.5 to 3.5 minutes

POSITION UPDATE RATE 4 per second

DYNAMICS 800 knots, 6g (tracking)

** Selective Availability not implemented

1.3.2 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20)

TSO COMPLIANCE C129 *

ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE See Appendix A

WEIGHT 0.44 lb (0.2 kg)

TEMPERATURE -55°C to +70°C

ALTITUDE RANGE -1000 ft to +55,000 ft

POWER REQUIREMENTS +5 Vdc @ 80 mA from NPU

SPEED RATING 600 knots IAS