H OMEWORK 8

120202: ESM4A - N UMERICAL M ETHODS

Spring 2016

Prof. Dr. Lars Linsen

Jacobs University

Due: Friday, April 8, 2016, at 7pm

(in the mailbox labeled “Linsen” in the entrance hall of Research I).

Problem 17: Lagrange and Newton polynomials. (3+3+4=10 points)

(a) Show that the Lagrange polynomials have the property of partition of unity.
(b) Show whether the Newton polynomials have the property of partition of unity.
(c) Given an interpolation problem with points pi at knots ui , i = 0, . . . , k, prove that the nodes in the
Newton interpolation scheme can be expressed by
k
X pi
p [u0 , u1 , . . . , uk ] = Q .
i=0
(ui − uj )
j=0,...,k;j6=i

Problem 18: Lagrange and Newton Interpolation. (3+2+1+3+1+5+1+4=20 points)

Given the interpolation problem from Problem 16, i.e., we want to estimate the value f ( 21 ) of a function
f , of which we know the function values f (−1) = 2, f (0) = 0, and f (1) = 1.
(a) Derive the collocation matrix using the Newton polynomials.

(b) Using the collocation matrix derived in (a), solve the given interpolation problem and provide the
interpolating polynomial p0 (x) in Newton form.
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(c) Evaluate the polynomial p0 (x) at x = 2 to obtain the desired estimate for the value f ( 12 ).
(d) Now, assume that we add another interpolation condition f (2) = 0. Extend your solution in (b) to
obtain a polynomial p1 (x) in Newton form that fulfills all four interpolation conditions.
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(e) Evaluate the polynomial p1 (x) at x = 2 to obtain the desired estimate for the value f ( 12 ).
(f) Now, perform a Lagrange interpolation to obtain a polynomial p2 (x) that fulfills all four interpolation
conditions (extension of Problem 16).
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(g) Evaluate the polynomial p2 (x) at x = 2 to obtain the desired estimate for the value f ( 12 ).
(h) Apply Aitken’s algorithm to obtain the desired estimate for the value f ( 12 ).