Seller Carrier Buyer

Export clearance Import clearance

Group $ Departure
Under EXW, the seller minimizes his risk by only making the goods available at his
own premises

EXW
Carriage of goods

EX Works Risks
(…named place)
Costs

Group # Main carriage not paid by seller

Under F Terms, and under FCA unless otherwise agreed, the seller arranges and pays
for the pre-carriage in the country of export

FCA
Carriage of goods

Free CArrier Risks

(…named place)
Costs

FAS
Carriage of goods

Free Alongside Ship Risks

(…named port of shipment)
Costs

FOB
Carriage of goods

Free On Board Risks

(…named port of shipment)

Costs

Group ! Main carriage paid by seller

Under C Terms the seller arranges and pays for the main carriage but without assuming
the risk of the main carriage

CFR
Carriage of goods

Cost and FReight Risks

(…named port of destination)
Costs

CIF
Carriage of goods

Cost, Insurance and Freight Risks

(…named port of destination)
Costs

CPT
Carriage of goods

Carriage Paid To Risks

(…named place of destination)
Costs

CIP
Carriage of goods

Carriage and Insurance Paid Risks

to (…named place of destination)
Costs

Group " Arrival

Under D Terms the seller’s cost/risk is maximized because he must make the goods
available upon arrival at the agreed destination

DAF
Carriage of goods

Delivered At Frontier Risks

(…named place)
Costs

DES
Carriage of goods

Delivered Ex Ship Risks

(…named port of destination)
Costs

DEQ
Carriage of goods

Delivered Ex Quay Risks

(…named port of destination)
Costs

DDU
Carriage of goods

Delivered Duty Unpaid Risks

(…named place of destination)
Costs

DDP
Carriage of goods

Delivered Duty Paid Risks

(…named place of destination)
Costs

© International Chamber of Commerce, 1999.

ICC Publication No. 614

incoterms•org
Guide to
Export-Import
Basics
Vital Knowledge for
Trading Internationally
Introduction by
PROFESSOR JAN RAMBERG
Third Edition

iccbooks.com