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Basic & Major Parts of Motherboard and its Functions - Techchore https://www.techchore.com/parts-motherboard-functions/
Processor Socket
North Bridge
South Bridge
RAM/Memory Slot x2
24 pin ATX Power Connector
I/O ( Input Output)
PCI express x16
PCI
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Basic & Major Parts of Motherboard and its Functions - Techchore https://www.techchore.com/parts-motherboard-functions/
These are the basic parts of the Motherboard. Later we will discuss each
functions. Knowing the basic parts of the Motherboard is important for all
computer users. It may not be necessary but it will give you a big
advantage.
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For now, at least you know what a processor socket look like, where the
24 pin ATX Power Connector is situated. The difference between PCI and
PCI express. Motherboard has two bridges the North bridge and the south
bridge.What else? Your Motherboard has a tiny battery called CMOS
Backup battery, the location of I/O, Memory slot and SATA connectors.
Now let’s proceed to Major parts of Motherboard and its functions.
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Basic & Major Parts of Motherboard and its Functions - Techchore https://www.techchore.com/parts-motherboard-functions/
Unit) usually fits in. On the other hand PCIe x1 is recently used to hold
PCIe SSD (Solid State Drive).
PCI Express replaced the AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) and it is also
considered as PCI successor as well. PCIe x1 has a standard speed of
250 MB/s up to 3.9 GB/s while PCIe x 16 starts at 4GB/s up to 63GB/s.
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7 of 22 16/08/2018, 10:27 AM
Basic & Major Parts of Motherboard and its Functions - Techchore https://www.techchore.com/parts-motherboard-functions/
FDD (Floppy Drive Disk) header or connector is where the Floppy disk
connects through a Floppy Drive cable. Floppy drive were not common
today though it is still being used by some. It evolves from a floppy drive
cable into a USB type.
8 of 22 16/08/2018, 10:27 AM
Basic & Major Parts of Motherboard and its Functions - Techchore https://www.techchore.com/parts-motherboard-functions/
USB header is a nine (9) pins header. It allows additional USB connection
on your computer’s front/drive bay area. Motherboard already have a built-
in USB ports at the I/O for integrated peripherals but additional can be
added at the front bay that attached to USB header/s.
9 of 22 16/08/2018, 10:27 AM
Basic & Major Parts of Motherboard and its Functions - Techchore https://www.techchore.com/parts-motherboard-functions/
that, all of it should be filled with standoffs. It’s a case to case basis, only
insert standouts in screw hole that coincides chassis screw hole.
10 of 22 16/08/2018, 10:27 AM
Basic & Major Parts of Motherboard and its Functions - Techchore https://www.techchore.com/parts-motherboard-functions/
g p p
is officially known as SATA 1.5 Gbps. It has a bandwidth throughput of up
to 150 Mbps. This is the successor of P/ATA or IDE type connector.
SATA 2 is the second generation SATA interface with the speed of 3.0
Gbps. It is officially known as SATA 3.0 Gbps. It has a bandwidth
throughput of up to 300 Mbps. SATA 2 are usually located at the side of
the Motherboard.
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standard interface for IDE compatible hard drives but is now replaced by
SATA.
ATX 2 introduced the 24 Pin ATX power connector replacing the 20 pin
power connector. It is through ATX power connector that the Motherboard
gets power from Power Supply. Thus, distributing current and voltage to all
Motherboard components.
24-pin ATX power cable can be used to connect into 20-pin ATX power
connector by leaving the four (4) pins aside. However, 20-pin ATX power
cable will not work on 24-pin ATX power connector, 24-pin ATX power
cable should be used.
In most cases the 20 or 24 pin ATX power cable are supported by 4-pin or
8-pin ATX 12Volts secondary.
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Memory Slot also known as RAM slot or Memory socket it is where the
RAM or Memory stick is inserted. Standard Motherboard used to have two
Memory slots but high-end Motherboards may have more.
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Motherboard. The image above is sample of AMD AM3 socket. AMD also
has socket FM1, socket FM2, AM3+, AM2, AM2+ and AM4 is the latest.
Intel used to have LGA 775, LGA 1156, LGA 1366, LGA 1150, LGA 1151
and LGA 1155.
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Jumper/s are used to close or allow current flow into certain board
sections. It also used to configure hardware components such as; hard
drive, BIOS, CD ROM, DVD ROM, Modem, Sound card and etc. On IDE
days, it was used to adjust master drive, slave drive and cable select by
moving the jumper between each two pins.
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12V ATX 4 or 8 pins power is used to provide 12V to the processor voltage
regulator. Normally, 12V ATX power connector has only 4 pins. However,
in some cases there were Motherboards that has a 4+4 (8) pins.
The good thing is, if your power supply only has 4 pins, it will still work just
leave the other 4 connector vacant. Same goes to, if your power supply
has 8 pins and the Motherboard only has 4, just split it apart to make two
(2) 4 pins. Then, leave the other 4 pins and plug the other 4 into the
Motherboard.
Learning the parts of Motherboard are not that hard, knowing each
functions may be challenging but full of fun. We do hope that this Parts of
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motherboard.
thanks
Reply
Hello Amara,
Thank you for such a wonderful comment. It gives us the energy to do more. As you
wish, we will try to keep you updated.
Reply
very helpful.
Reply
Hello Prashant, thanks for that wonderful words. Am very glad that you found this
Parts of Motherboard and its functions helpful.
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