Abacus 1

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com
© 2008 Kreatif Kembara Sdn Bhd. Free worksheets available for download at http://www.mathabacus.com
Unit 1 Numbers up to 1000

1.01
Can you draw one square below?
Ones
one
square
Draw ten squares below. Count them as you draw.
10 ones make ten!

How do you represent 10 on the abacus?
Tens Ones
Move up 1 at Tens on your abacus.

This is how it should look like...
1
This document was downloaded from the following website: http://www.mathabacus.com
1.02
Look at the abacus images.

Write the numbers they represent.
Look at the numbers above and count in tens.

How many tens make 100?
That’s right! 10 tens make 100.
2
1.03
There are 100 coins in each box.

Let’s count the coins in hundreds.
100, , , 400 , ,
, , , , 1000 .
Fill in the blanks.
There are coins altogether.
Each box contains coins.
There are boxes of coins.
So, 10 hundreds make 1000!
3
1.04
Match the place values on the abacus correctly.
Ones Tens Hundreds Thousands
Let’s try these on your abacus!
1. Move up 1 at Hundreds, move up 3 at Tens, move up 2 at Ones,

clear abacus.
clear abacus.
clear abacus.
clear abacus.
clear abacus.
clear abacus.
clear abacus.
clear abacus.
clear abacus.
10. Move up 1 at Thousands.
4
1.05
Write the correct numerals and number names.
Thousands Tens Thousands Tens

Hundreds Ones Hundreds Ones
1 0 1
one hundred and one

5
1.06
Visualise these numbers and draw the beads.

Say the numbers out loud.
136 137
138 139
140 141
142 143
6
1.07
Try these with your abacus.

Write down the number names as shown on
the abacus.
2
1. (1) Move up 2 at Hundreds
(2) Move up 6 at Tens
2
(3) Move up 2 at Ones 1 3
Two hundred and sixty-two
2 3
(3) Move up 9 at Ones 2
1
3
2 3
1
1 3
2
7
1.08
Let’s count in twos from 300.

Visualise the numbers and draw the beads.
3 0 0 3 0 2
3 0 4
8
1.09
Let’s count in fives from 360.

3 6 0 3 6 5
3 7 0
9
1.10
Let’s count in tens from 590.

5 9 0 6 0 0
6 1 0
10
1.11
Use your abacus to move the beads.

Write down the numbers shown on your abacus.
Say the numbers out loud.
1. Move up 2 at Hundreds,
move up 7 at Ones. 2 0 7
2. Move up 7 at Tens,
move up 3 at Ones.
move up 3 at Tens,
move up 5 at Ones.
move up 9 at Tens,
move up 6 at Ones.
move up 1 at Tens.
move up 4 at Tens,
move up 1 at Ones.
move up 8 at Ones.
move up 1 at Tens,
move up 2 at Ones.
move up 1 at Tens,
move up 9 at Ones.
10. Move up 1 at Thousands.
11
1.12
Circle the smaller number.
Circle the larger number.
12
1.13
Jenny is visualising some numbers.

Write the numbers in ascending order.
ascending
order
13
1.14
Jenny is visualising some numbers.

Write the numbers in descending order.
descending
order
14
1.15
Use your abacus to do the following.

Clear the abacus before you start each exercise.
1. Move up 356. 13. Move up 825.
2. Move up 1000. 14. Move up 419.
3. Move up 113. 15. Move up 710.
4. Move up 978. 16. Move up 30.
5. Move up 183. 17. Move up 613.
6. Move up 52. 18. Move up 267.
7. Move up 906. 19. Move up 174.
8. Move up 515. 20. Move up 239.
9. Move up 777. 21. Move up 271.
10. Move up 49. 22. Move up 763.
11. Move up 521. 23. Move up 579.
12. Move up 257. 24. Move up 194.
15
Unit 2 Addition with the highest

total of 1000
2.01
1. (a) Up 111
(b) Up 121
2. (a) Up 315
(b) Up 151
3. (a) Up 500
(b) Up 413
4. (a) Up 132
(b) Up 557
5. (a) Up 222
(b) Up 706
6. (a) Up 713
(b) Up 166
16
2.02
Practise with your abacus

to do the following.
1. (a) Clear abacus 2. (a) Clear abacus

(b) Up 101 (b) Up 57
(c) Up 38 (c) Up 421

(b) Up 210 (b) Up 19
(c) Up 168 (c) Up 760

(b) Up 333 (b) Up 415
(c) Up 165 (c) Up 531

(b) Up 601 (b) Up 444
(c) Up 277 (c) Up 555

(b) Up 322 (b) Up 300
(c) Up 655 (c) Up 607

(b) Up 900 (b) Up 856
(c) Up 27 (c) Up 132

(b) Up 715 (b) Up 503
(c) Up 182 (c) Up 296
17
2.03
Perform the following with your abacus.
1. 32 + 10 =
(Up 32) (Up 10) 42
2. 114 + 75 =
(Up 114) (Up 75)
3. 53 + 35 =
(Up 53) (Up 35)
4. 212 + 672 =
(Up 212) (Up 672)
5. 21 + 857 =
(Up 21) (Up 857)
6. 608 + 291 =
(Up 608) (Up 291)
7. 465 + 532 =
(Up 465) (Up 532)
8. 740 + 256 =
(Up 740) (Up 256)
18
2.04
Use your abacus to calculate the following.
1. 42 + 106 = 2. 137 + 212 =
3. 215 + 132 = 4. 87 + 201 =
5. 98 + 301 = 6. 408 + 90 =
7. 331 + 152 = 8. 551 + 123 =
9. 170 + 516 = 10. 600 + 206 =
11. 713 + 285 = 12. 418 + 511 =
13. 60 + 200 = 14. 523 + 255 =
15. 31 + 56 + 211 =
16. 121 + 67 + 300 =
17. 15 + 10 + 173 =
18. 77 + 2 + 910 =
19. 50 + 205 + 622 =
20. 3 + 20 + 876 =
19
2.05
Let’s visualise and calculate.
What is 280 + 119?

Visualise and draw the beads.
Step 1: 280, up 280
Step 2: plus 119, up 119
Step 3: equals
280 + 119 =
20
2.06
What is 612 + 366?

Step 1: 612, up 612
Step 3: equals
612 + 366 =
21
2.07
Match the answers correctly.
1. The Little Friend of 3 is… 1
2. The Big Friend of 7 is… 2
22
2.08
Practise the following with your abacus.

Clear your abacus before you begin each exercise.
1. Up 2 at Ones, Up 5 at Ones, Down 2 at Ones. What do you get? 5

2. Up 4 at Ones, Up 5 at Ones, Down 4 at Ones. What do you get?
12. Up 1 at Ones, Down 1 at Ones, Carry 1 at Tens. What do you get?
23

27. Up 5 at Ones, Up 4 at Ones, Down 5 at Ones, Carry 1 at Tens.
What do you get?
What do you get?
What do you get?
What do you get?
What do you get?
What do you get?
What do you get?
What do you get?
What do you get?
24

What do you get?
57. Up 13, Up 1 at Tens, Up 5 at Ones, Down 2 at Ones.
What do you get?
58. Up 24, Up 2 at Tens, Up 5 at Ones, Down 1 at Ones.
What do you get?
59. Up 35, Up 5 at Tens, Down 2 at Tens, Down 5 at Ones,
Carry 1 at Tens. What do you get?
60. Up 46, Up 5 at Tens, Down 1 at Tens, Carry 1 at Tens,
Up 1 at Ones, Down 5 at Ones. What do you get?
61. Up 57, Down 5 at Tens, Carry 1 at Hundreds, Carry 1 at Tens,
Up 2 at Ones, Down 5 at Ones. What do you get?
62. Up 68, Carry 1 at Hundreds, Up 1 at Tens, Down 5 at Tens,
Down 2 at Ones, Carry 1 at Tens. What do you get?
63. Up 79, Carry 1 at Hundreds, Up 2 at Tens, Down 5 at Tens,
Down 1 at Ones, Up 5 at Tens, Down 4 at Tens. What do you get?
64. Up 483, Up 5 at Hundreds, Down 1 at Hundreds, Down 2 at Tens,
Carry 1 at Hundreds, Up 5 at Ones, Down 2 at Ones.
What do you get?
25
2.09
Work with your abacus to answer

these questions correctly.
1. What is 4 + 3?
Step 1: Up 4
Step 2: Up 3 (but there are not enough beads at Ones to move
up 3). We use the little friend of 3, which is .
Using the little friend of 3, up 3 is…
Up 5, Down little friend. So, up 3 becomes...
Up , Down .
Step 3: The answer is .
2. What is 7 + 9?
Step 1: Up 7
up 9).
We use the big friend of 9, which is .
Using the big friend of 9, up 9 becomes…
Down , Carry at .
3. What is 25 + 6?
Step 1: Up 25
up 6).
Using the big friend of 6, up 6 becomes…
Down 4, Carry at Tens (move the beads to carry
at Tens first)
But there are not enough beads at Ones to move down 4.
We use the little friend of 4, which is .
Using the little friend of 4, down 4 becomes…
Up little friend, Down .
Up , Down
26
4. What is 378 + 34?

Step 1: Up 378
Step 2: Up 34 (but there are not enough beads at Tens and
Ones to move up 3 and 4).
At Tens, to move up 3…
we use the big friend of 3, which is .
Using the big friend of 3, up 3 at Tens becomes…
Down , Carry at .
At Ones, to move up 4…
Using the big friend of 4, up 4 at Ones becomes…
Down , Carry at .
5. What is 659 + 281?

Step 1: Up 659
Step 2: Up 281 (move up 2 at Hundreds, but there are not
enough beads at Tens and Ones to move up 8 and 1).
At Tens, to move up 8…
Using the big friend of 8, up 8 at Tens becomes…
Down , Carry at Hundreds (move the
beads to carry at Hundreds first).
But there are not enough beads at Tens to move
down 2.
We use little friend of 2, which is .
Using the little friend of 2, down 2 becomes…
Up little friend, Down .
Up , Down .
At Ones, to move up 1
Using the big friend of 1, up 1 at Ones becomes…
Down , Carry at .
27
2.10
When there are not enough beads,

how do you move?
1. There are not enough beads at Ones to move Up 1.
a. If using the help of the little friend, Up 1 becomes…

Up , Down .
b. If using the help of the big friend, Up 1 becomes…
Down , Carry at .
2. There are not enough beads at Tens to move Up 2.

Up , Down .
Down , Carry at .

Up , Down .
Down , Carry at .

Up , Down .
Down , Carry at .
28
Using the help of the big friend, Up 5 becomes…

Down , Carry at .

Down , Carry at .

Down , Carry at .

Down , Carry at .

Down , Carry at .
10. There are not enough beads at Hundreds to move Up 5.

Down , Carry at .
29
2.11
Use your abacus to answer the

following questions.
1. 14 + 26 = 2. 27 + 13 =
3. 16 + 29 = 4. 8 + 33 =
5. 35 + 9 = 6. 22 + 19 =
7. 23 + 14 = 8. 12 + 23 =
9. 33 + 16 = 10. 42 + 6 =
11. 28 + 39 = 12. 29 + 37 =
13. 44 + 66 = 14. 66 + 99 =
15. 66 + 88 = 16. 77 + 99 =
17. 57 + 89 = 18. 74 + 75 =
19. 17 + 28 + 39 = 20. 18 + 29 + 30 =
21. 22 + 44 + 66 = 22. 33 + 66 + 99 =
23. 44 + 66 + 88 = 24. 55 + 77 + 99 =
25. 41 + 57 + 89 = 26. 73 + 74 + 75 =
27. 64 + 49 + 33 = 28. 57 + 58 + 59 =
29. 98 + 48 + 67 = 30. 71 + 89 + 97 =
30
2.12
Work with your abacus to get the answers!
1. 134 + 257 = 2. 316 + 578 =
3. 611 + 169 = 4. 123 + 456 =
5. 234 + 345 = 6. 345 + 123 =
7. 789 + 111 = 8. 343 + 666 =
9. 413 + 354 = 10. 513 + 395 =
11. 223 + 229 = 12. 371 + 535 =
13. 777 + 199 = 14. 747 + 146 =
15. 936 + 28 = 16. 835 + 75 =
17. 738 + 175 = 18. 424 + 287 =
19. 362 + 249 = 20. 388 + 499 =
21. 615 + 97 + 108 = 22. 124 + 135 + 146 =
23. 288 + 472 + 111 = 24. 96 + 286 + 417 =
25. 333 + 333 + 279 = 26. 603 + 192 + 193 =
27. 276 + 344 + 239 = 28. 358 + 264 + 298 =
29. 316 + 495 + 169 = 30. 444 + 232 + 158 =
31
2.13
Use your abacus to add these numbers.
1. 83 2. 31 3. 318
228 119 62
+ 68 + 97 + 241
4. 427 5. 201 6. 98
155 564 762
+ 31 + 49 + 81
7. 294 8. 515 9. 163

234 242 226
+ 264 + 53 + 450
10. 442 11. 631 12. 778

133 210 33
+ 39 + 88 + 111
13. 867 14. 229 15. 305

99 93 356
+ 8 + 675 + 329
32
16. 248 17. 130 18. 252

197 574 467
+ 75 + 166 + 164
19. 163 20. 245 21. 137

368 426 557
+ 364 + 99 + 126
22. 393 23. 134 24. 250

278 216 167
+ 197 + 424 + 408
25. 185 26. 299 27. 445

323 399 145
+ 259 + 99 + 246
28. 369 29. 477 30. 815

246 334 97
+ 135 + 55 + 49
33
Unit 3 Subtraction within the range

of 1000
3.01
1. (a) Up 888
(b) Down 121
2. (a) Up 498
(b) Down 153
3. (a) Up 624
(b) Down 523
4. (a) Up 763
(b) Down 651
5. (a) Up 595
(b) Down 560
6. (a) Up 989
(b) Down 776
34
3.02
Practise with your abacus

to do the following.

(b) Up 423 (b) Up 516
(c) Down 12 (c) Down 511

(b) Up 752 (b) Up 679

(b) Up 599 (b) Up 885

(b) Up 684 (b) Up 666

(b) Up 493 (b) Up 306

(b) Up 999 (b) Up 756

(b) Up 898 (b) Up 895
35
3.03
Perform the following with your abacus.
1. 32 – 10 =
(Up 32) (Down 10)
2. 176 – 75 =
(Up 176) (Down 75)
3. 453 – 101 =
(Up 453) (Down 101)
4. 862 – 652 =
(Up 862) (Down 652)
5. 971 – 850 =
(Up 971) (Down 850)
6. 447 – 216 =
(Up 447) (Down 216)
7. 296 – 165 =
(Up 296) (Down 165)
8. 754 – 601 =
(Up 754) (Down 601)
36
3.04
Use your abacus to calculate the following.
1. 186 – 21 = 2. 427 – 212 =
3. 684 – 132 = 4. 787 – 225 =
5. 498 – 301 = 6. 698 – 90 =
7. 388 – 152 = 8. 764 – 213 =
9. 776 – 516 = 10. 640 – 200 =
11. 289 – 85 = 12. 603 – 601 =
13. 890 – 240 = 14. 576 – 565 =
15. 739 – 16 – 502 =
16. 992 – 61 – 611 =
17. 898 – 701 – 66 =
18. 988 – 777 – 211 =
19. 850 – 200 – 650 =
20. 993 – 81 – 712 =
37
3.05
What is 887 – 636?

Step 1: 887, up 887
Step 2: minus 636, down 636
Step 3: equals
887 – 636 =
38
3.06
What is 678 – 157?

Step 1: 678, up 678
Step 3: equals
678 – 157 =
39
3.07
What is 779 – 258?

Step 1: 779, up 779
Step 3: equals
779 – 258 =
40
3.08
What is 969 – 366?

Step 1: 969, up 969
Step 3: equals
969 – 366 =
41
3.09
When there are not enough beads,

how do you move?
1. There are not enough beads at Tens to move Down 1.

a. If using the help of the little friend, Down 1 becomes…
Up 4 , Down 5 .
b. If using the help of the big friend, Down 1 becomes…
Remove 1 at Hundreds, Up 9 at Tens .
2. There are not enough beads at Ones to move Down 2.

Up , Down .
Remove at , Up at .

Up , Down .
Remove at , Up at .

Up , Down .
Remove at , Up at .
42

Using the help of the big friend, Down 5 becomes…
Remove at , Up at .

Remove at , Up at .

Remove at , Up at .

Remove at , Up at .

Remove at , Up at .
10. There are not enough beads at Hundreds to move

Down 5.
Remove at , Up at .
43
3.10
Work with your abacus to answer

these questions correctly.
1. Step 1: Up 7
Step 2: Down 3 (but there are not enough beads at Ones to
move down 3).
We use the little friend of 3, which is .
Using the little friend of 3, down 3 becomes...
Up , Down .
2. Step 1: Up 18
down 9).
Using the big friend of 9, down 9 becomes...
Remove at , Up .
3. Step 1: Up 22
down 7).
Using the big friend of 7, down 7 becomes...
Remove at , Up
(remove the beads at Tens first).
But there are not enough beads at Ones to move
up 3. We use little friend of 3, which is .
Using the little friend of 3, down 3 becomes...
Up , Down little friend.
Up , Down .
44
4. Step 1: Up 463
Step 2: Down 85 (but there are not enough beads at Tens and
Ones to move down 8 and 5).
At Tens, to move down 8...
Using the big friend of 8, down 8 at Tens becomes...
Remove at , Up .
At Ones, to move down 5...
Remove at , Up .
5. Step 1: Up 846
Step 2: Down 267 (move down 2 at Hundreds, but there are
not enough beads at Tens and Ones to move down 6
and 7)
At Tens, to move down 6...
Remove at , Up (remove the
beads first).
But there are not enough beads at Tens to move up 4.
We use little friend of 4, which is .
Using the little friend of 4, up 4 becomes…
Up , Down .
At Ones, to move down 7...
Using the big friend of 7, down 7 at Ones becomes...
Remove at , Up .
45
3.11
Use your abacus to answer the

following questions.
1. 26 – 14 = 2. 27 – 13 =
3. 32 – 29 = 4. 33 – 8 =
5. 35 – 9 = 6. 48 – 19 =
7. 23 – 15 = 8. 44 – 26 =
9. 53 – 16 = 10. 42 – 7 =
11. 66 – 28 = 12. 74 – 17 =
13. 55 – 36 = 14. 84 – 65 =
15. 93 – 88 = 16. 71 – 59 =
17. 52 – 33 = 18. 77 – 48 =
19. 92 – 6 – 29 = 20. 88 – 29 – 30 =
21. 66 – 12 – 23 = 22. 76 – 69 – 3 =
23. 88 – 66 – 7 = 24. 77 – 58 – 4 =
25. 97 – 58 – 23 = 26. 76 – 32 – 12 =
27. 43 – 15 – 9 = 28. 82 – 58 – 17 =
29. 98 – 49 – 4 = 30. 80 – 48 – 24 =
46
3.12
Work with your abacus to get the answers!
1. 257 – 134 = 2. 578 – 386 =
3. 611 – 169 = 4. 456 – 123 =
5. 345 – 284 = 6. 345 – 123 =
7. 732 – 45 = 8. 666 – 343 =
9. 413 – 354 = 10. 513 – 395 =
11. 632 – 229 = 12. 535 – 371 =
13. 777 – 199 = 14. 757 – 148 =
15. 936 – 58 = 16. 835 – 71 =
17. 738 – 175 = 18. 424 – 287 =
19. 362 – 249 = 20. 488 – 399 =
21. 615 – 97 – 108 = 22. 824 – 135 – 146 =
23. 648 – 472 – 111 = 24. 906 – 287 – 315 =
25. 733 – 345 – 79 = 26. 603 – 192 – 193 =
27. 976 – 344 – 239 = 28. 700 – 264 – 107 =
29. 900 – 26 – 738 = 30. 1000 – 17 – 346 =
47
3.13
Use your abacus to subtract the numbers.
1. 1000 2. 1000 3. 1000

– 412 – 386 – 573
4. 1000 5. 1000 6. 1000

– 993 – 678 – 846
7. 1000 8. 1000 9. 1000

– 250 – 607 – 504
10. 1000 11. 1000 12. 1000

– 57 – 84 – 22
13. 1000 14. 1000 15. 1000

– 93 – 16 – 68
16. 1000 17. 1000 18. 1000

– 5 – 3 – 9
48
19. 823 20. 786 21. 661

– 415 – 462 – 453
22. 509 23. 403 24. 306

– 235 – 175 – 168
25. 460 26. 580 27. 600

– 185 – 492 – 484
28. 787 29. 812 30. 966

– 399 – 676 – 679
31. 900 32. 800 33. 700

– 488 – 669 – 351
34. 800 35. 510 36. 200

– 413 – 375 – 117
49
3.14
Answer the questions with the

help of your abacus.
1. There are 329 people in the hall. 173 of them wear a

black shirt. How many of them wear other than black?
– =
2. There are 683 people at school. 461 of them are girls.

How many of them are boys?
– =
3. Zura has 554 beads now. She needs 1000 beads. How
many more should she get?
– =
4. The farmer collected 520 eggs from his farm. He went

to the market and sold 379 of them. How many eggs
are left?
– =
5. 46 out of 800 students came late to school. How many

came early?
– =
6. If Andi needs 135 more stamps to have a total of 870

stamps in his collection, how many stamps does he
have now?
– =
50
7. What do you get when you take away 728 from 916?
– =
8. There are 931 fish altogether in the pond. 268 are dead.
How many are alive?
– =
9. If you remove 314 from 806, what do you get?
– =
10. The baker used up 624 eggs in 3 months. In the first

month she used 236 eggs. In the third month, she used
200 eggs. How many eggs did she use in the second
month?
– – =
11. Zura, Devi and Jenny have 484 coins among them. If
Jenny has 129 and Devi has 73, how many coins does
Zura have?
– – =
12. Andi has 707 coins. He gives 38 coins to Ah Wai and

342 coins to Devi. How many coins does he have left?
– – =
51
Unit 4 Combination of addition and

subtraction within 1000
4.01
Practise the following with your abacus.

Clear your abacus before you begin each exercise.
1. Up 317, Up 121, Down 215.

2. Up 782, Down 261, Up 368.
3. Up 135, Up 253, Down 176.
4. Up 893, Down 632, Up 717.
5. Up 224, Up 225, Down 318.
6. Up 387, Down 162, Up 663.
7. Up 510, Up 284, Down 684.
8. Up 441, Down 230, Up 182.
9. Up 902, Up 57, Down 509.
10. Up 449, Down 217, Up 651.
11. Up 676, Up 221, Down 270.
12. Up 199, Down 73, Up 622.
13. Up 488, Up 511, Down 889.
14. Up 253, Down 152, Up 897.
15. Up 745, Up 153, Down 191.
16. Up 587, Down 66, Up 456.
17. Up 837, Up 52, Down 238.
18. Up 668, Down 156, Up 277.
19. Up 256, Up 602, Down 357.
20. Up 987, Down 765, Up 675.
52
4.02
Fill in the blanks with the correct numbers.

Use your abacus to calculate.
1. Up 372, Down 222, Up 518
– + =
2. Up 897, Up 102, Down 665
+ – =
3. Up 845, Down 720, Up 862
– + =
4. Up 113, Up 675, Down 727
+ – =
5. Up 649, Down 34, Up 284
– + =
6. Up 405, Up 592, Down 386
+ – =
53
4.03
Complete the number sentences with

correct numbers and symbols.
1. Up 174, Down 63, Up 512
2. Up 291, Up 607, Down 818
3. Up 338, Up 511, Down 126
4. Up 425, Up 72, Down 371
5. Up 569, Down 54, Up 383
6. Up 807, Down 602, Up 634
54
4.04
1. 83 2. 31 3. 318
215 117 61
– 67 – 23 – 257
4. 427 5. 201 6. 97
561 566 702
– 76 –1 5 2 – 88
7. 294 8. 815 9. 463

– 234 – 210 – 262
228 82 787
10. 692 11. 731 12. 788

– 131 – 201 – 33
417 466 111
13. 867 14. 599 15. 305

22 – 93 652
– 638 181 – 705
55
16. 346 17. 839 18. 252

152 – 514 647
– 275 151 – 169
19. 968 20. 946 21. 137

– 363 – 425 552
374 367 – 126
22. 373 23. 134 24. 950

625 365 – 750
– 197 – 424 278
25. 185 26. 899 27. 445

313 – 399 551
– 258 99 – 246
28. 961 29. 477 30. 885

26 – 325 – 660
– 135 726 673
56
4.05
What is 297 + 602 – 629?

Step 1: 297, up 297
Step 4: equals
297 + 602 – 629 =
57
What is 418 + 561 – 706?

Step 1: 418, up 418
Step 4: equals
418 + 561 – 706 =
58
What is 556 + 233 – 518?

Step 1: 556, up 556
Step 4: equals
556 + 233 – 518 =
59
What is 783 – 221 + 31?

Step 1: 783, up 783
Step 4: equals
783 – 221 + 31 =
60
What is 440 – 200 + 751?

Step 1: 440, up 440
Step 4: equals
440 – 200 + 751 =
61
What is 998 – 835 + 126?

Step 1: 998, up 998
Step 4: equals
998 – 835 + 126 =
62
4.06
Calculate with your abacus.
1. 224 – 187 + 442 =
2. 673 – 139 + 323 =
3. 118 + 455 – 326 =
4. 939 – 78 + 55 =
5. 35 + 585 – 216 =
6. 645 – 343 + 555 =
7. 678 – 284 + 299 =
8. 444 + 333 – 99 =
9. 500 – 78 + 194 =
10. 709 – 362 + 371 =
63
11. 446 – 290 + 221 =
12. 895 – 261 + 232 =
13. 331 + 577 – 448 =
14. 700 – 7 + 277 =
15. 87 + 585 – 478 =
16. 867 – 565 + 333 =
17. 456 – 43 + 334 =
18. 734 + 171 – 289 =
19. 100 – 9 + 699 =
20. 602 – 346 + 255 =
64
21. 902 – 78 + 91 =
22. 1000 – 65 + 55 =
23. 499 + 501 – 67 =
24. 502 + 298 – 123 =
25. 687 + 223 – 49 =
26. 1000 – 365 + 275 =
27. 1000 – 38 + 25 =
28. 578 + 129 – 309 =
29. 301 – 9 + 395 =
30. 204 – 86 + 716 =
65
4.07
Rearrange the numbers so that the number

sentences are true.
Calculate with your abacus to check the answers.
362
257 251
– + = 368
861 38
736
+ – = 163
652 78
772
– + = 198
66
139
260 198
+ – = 201
617
886 566
– + = 937
812 86
177
+ – = 721
67
79 63 371
– + = 387
780
551 111
+ – = 340
559
57 346
– + = 848
68
574
178 415
+ – = 811
515
675 999
– + = 839
227
155 722
+ – = 650
69
Unit 5 Multiplication of basic facts within

2, 3, 4 and 5 times-tables
5.01
Fill in the blanks with the correct answers.
1.
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 =
How many 2’s are there above?
You can also write the above sentence as…
x 2 =
Write and say the number sentence out loud!
times two equals
70
2.
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 =
x 3 =
times three equals
3.
4 + 4 =
x 4 =
times four equals
71
4.
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 =
x 5 =
times five equals
5.
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 =
x 5 =
times five equals
72
6.
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 =
x 3 =
times three equals
7.
4 + 4 + 4 =
x 4 =
times four equals
73
5.02
7 x 2 =
How do we do this?
What is 7 x 2?
That’s easy!
We write “2” seven times and then we
add them all up to get the answer.
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2=
That’s right!
So, 7 x 2 =
Now, can you try 8 x 2?
That’s easy!
We write “2” eight times and then we
add them all up to get the answer.
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 =
8 x 2 =
74
5.03
Let’s add the numbers to find answers

to the multiplication problems.
1. What is 6 x 2?
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 12
2. What is 9 x 2?
3. What is 5 x 2?
4. What is 3 x 2?
5. What is 2 x 2?
6. What is 7 x 2?
7. What is 4 x 2?
8. What is 8 x 2?
75
5.04
Let’s build the 2 times-tables.
2 x 2 =
2+2= x 2 =
2+2+2= x 2 =
2+2+2+2= x =
2+2+2+2+2= x =
2+2+2+2+2+2= x =
2+2+2+2+2+2+2= x =
2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2= x =
2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2= x =
76
5.05

1. What is 6 x 3?
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 =
2. What is 9 x 3?
3. What is 5 x 3?
4. What is 3 x 3?
5. What is 2 x 3?
6. What is 7 x 3?
7. What is 4 x 3?
8. What is 8 x 3?
77
5.06
3 x 3 =
3+3= x 3 =
3+3+3= x 3 =
3+3+3+3= x =
3+3+3+3+3= x =
3+3+3+3+3+3= x =
3+3+3+3+3+3+3= x =
3+3+3+3+3+3+3+3= x =
3+3+3+3+3+3+3+3+3= x =
78
5.07

1. What is 6 x 4?
4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 =
2. What is 9 x 4?
3. What is 5 x 4?
4. What is 3 x 4?
5. What is 2 x 4?
6. What is 7 x 4?
7. What is 4 x 4?
8. What is 8 x 4?
79
5.08
4 x 4 =
4+4= x 4 =
4+4+4= x 4 =
4+4+4+4= x =
4+4+4+4+4= x =
4+4+4+4+4+4= x =
4+4+4+4+4+4+4= x =
4+4+4+4+4+4+4+4= x =
4+4+4+4+4+4+4+4+4= x =
80
5.09

1. What is 6 x 5?
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 =
2. What is 9 x 5?
3. What is 5 x 5?
4. What is 3 x 5?
5. What is 2 x 5?
6. What is 7 x 5?
7. What is 4 x 5?
8. What is 8 x 5?
81
5.10
5 x 5 =
5+5= x 5 =
5+5+5= x 5 =
5+5+5+5= x =
5+5+5+5+5= x =
5+5+5+5+5+5= x =
5+5+5+5+5+5+5= x =
5+5+5+5+5+5+5+5= x =
5+5+5+5+5+5+5+5+5= x =
82
5.11
We need to learn the multiplication

tables or times-tables by heart!
1 X 2 = 1 X 3 =
2 X 2 = 2 X 3 =
3 X 2 = 3 X 3 =
4 X 2 = 4 X 3 =
5 X 2 = 5 X 3 =
6 X 2 = 6 X 3 =
7 X 2 = 7 X 3 =
8 X 2 = 8 X 3 =
9 X 2 = 9 X 3 =
83
Try to learn these tables by heart!
1 X 4 = 1 X 5 =
2 X 4 = 2 X 5 =
3 X 4 = 3 X 5 =
4 X 4 = 4 X 5 =
5 X 4 = 5 X 5 =
6 X 4 = 6 X 5 =
7 X 4 = 7 X 5 =
8 X 4 = 8 X 5 =
9 X 4 = 9 X 5 =
84
5.12
Answer these questions without

looking at the times-tables.
1. 4 x 3 = 2. 3x2=
3. 7 x 2 = 4. 8x3=
5. 7 x 3 = 6. 5x2=
7. 1 x 2 = 8. 9 x 3 =
9. 6 x 3 = 10. 4x2=
11. 8 x 2 = 12. 3x3=
13. 2 x 3 = 14. 6x2=
15. 9 x 2 = 16. 1x3=
17. 5 x 3 = 18. 2x2=
85
5.13
Answer these questions without

looking at the times-tables.
1. 4 x 5 = 2. 3x4=
3. 7 x 4 = 4. 8x5=
5. 7 x 5 = 6. 5x4=
7. 1 x 4 = 8. 9 x 5 =
9. 6 x 5 = 10. 4x4=
11. 8 x 4 = 12. 3x5=
13. 2 x 5 = 14. 6x4=
15. 9 x 4 = 16. 1x5=
17. 5 x 5 = 18. 2x4=
86
5.14
Match the questions to the answers.
5x4 36 16 9x3
6x3 40 24 8x2
7x2 3 27 7x5
8x5 20 12 6x4
9x4 16 21 5x5
1x3 18 35 4x3
2x2 15 25 7x3
3x5 12 30 9x5
4x4 14 32 6x5
5x3 4 18 8x4
6x2 15 45 9x2
87
5.15
Answer the questions and

colour the boxes accordingly.
1. Colour the multiplicand YELLOW, the multiplier

ORANGE and the product GREEN.
7 x 4 =
2. Colour the multiplicand ORANGE, the multiplier

YELLOW and the product GREEN.
8 x 3 =
3. Colour the multiplicand GREEN, the multiplier YELLOW

and the product ORANGE.
2 x 5 =
4. Colour the multiplicand YELLOW, the multiplier GREEN

and the product ORANGE.
1 x 4 =
5. Colour the multiplicand RED, the multiplier ORANGE

and the product YELLOW.
4 x 2 =
6. Colour the multiplicand ORANGE, the multiplier RED

and the product YELLOW.
1 x 5 =
7. Colour the multiplicand GREEN, the multiplier

ORANGE and the product RED.
5 x 2 =
88
5.16
How do you show the products on

the abacus?
Draw the beads correctly.
1. 4 x 2 =
Step 1: Display at 1st rod
Step 2: Up at 2nd rod
Step 3: So, 4 x 2 =
2. 6 x 3 =
Step 1: Up at 1st rod
Step 3: So, 6 x 3 =
3. 7 x 4 =
Step 3: So, 7 x 4 =
4. 9 x 5 =
Step 3: So, 9 x 5 =
89
5.17
Draw the beads to show the

products on the abacus.
1. 2.
4x5= 3x2=
3. 4.
7x3= 6x4=
5. 6.
3x3= 8x4=
90
5.18
Visualise the products and draw the beads.

Write down the answer.
9 x 3 = 6 x 2 =
1 x 5 = 2 x 4 =
6 x 5 = 8 x 3 =
91
5.19
Visualise the products and draw the beads.

Write down the answer.
5
x 3
2
x 2
9
x 4
7
x 5
92
5.20
Answer the following questions.
1. If 4 x 3 = 12, what is 3 x 4? 3x4=
2. If 2 x 5 = 10, what is 5 x 2? 5x2=
3. If 4 x 5 = 20, what is 5 x 4? 5x4=
4. If 3 x 2 = 6, what is 2 x 3? 2x3=
5. If 3 x 5 = 15, what is 5 x 3? 5x3=
6. If 2 x 4 = 8, what is 4 x 2? 4x2=
7. 1 x = 3 8. 3 x = 9
9. 2 x = 8 10. 6 x = 12
11. x 3 = 24 12. 5 x = 20
13. x 5 = 25 14. x 4 = 32
15. 7 x = 28 16. 8 x = 40
93
Unit 6 Division within 2, 3, 4 and 5

times-tables
6.01
Jenny has 21 oranges. She wants to give
3 oranges to each guest who comes to
her house. How many guests will get the
oranges from Jenny?
How do we solve this?
First, let us look at all the oranges Jenny has.

Let’s count them.
How many oranges are there?

She wants to give each guest 3 oranges.
So now, let’s make groups of three from these oranges.
The first group has been done for you. Continue grouping
the oranges in threes.
How many groups of three are there altogether?

So, if Jenny wants to give 3 oranges to each guest, how
many guests will get the oranges?
94
We can also solve it this way!
How many oranges does Jenny have?

How many oranges does she want to give to each guest?
So, the number of guests who will get the oranges can be
calculated as follows:
÷ 3 =
21 divided by 3 equals
What if Jenny has 27 oranges to give to her

guests? How many guests will get the oranges?
Let’s make groups of three from these 27 oranges.
How many groups of three can you make?

So, how many guests will get the oranges?
We can also calculate it this way:
÷ =
27 divided by 3 equals
95
6.02
Divide the objects into groups of 2

and write the number sentences.
1.
4 ÷ 2 =
2.
÷ 2 =
3.
÷ =
4.
÷ =
5.
÷ =
96
6.03
Can you divide these apples

into 2 groups equally?
1.
How many apples are there in each group?

÷ 2 =
2.

÷ 2 =
3.

÷ 2 =
97
6.04

1.
6 ÷ 3 =
2.
÷ 3 =
3.
÷ =
4.
÷ =
5.
÷ =
98
6.05
Can you divide these flowers into

3 groups equally?
1.
How many flowers are there in each group?

÷ 3 =
2.

÷ 3 =
3.

÷ 3 =
99
6.06

1.
÷ 4 =
2.
÷ 4 =
3.
÷ =
4.
÷ =
5.
÷ =
100
6.07
Can you divide these triangles

into 4 equal groups?
1.
How many triangles are there in each group?

÷ 4 =
2.

÷ 4 =
3.

÷ 4 =
101
6.08
Divide the dots into groups of 5

1.
÷ 5 =
2.
÷ 5 =
3.
÷ =
4.
÷ =
5.
÷ =
102
6.09
Can you divide these dots into

5 equal groups?
1.
How many dots are there in each group?

÷ 5 =
2.

÷ 5 =
3.

÷ 5 =
103
6.10
Answer the questions and colour

the boxes accordingly.
1. Colour the quotient YELLOW, the divisor ORANGE and

the dividend GREEN.
45 ÷ 5 =
2. Colour the quotient ORANGE, the divisor YELLOW and

the dividend GREEN.
24 ÷ 4 =
3. Colour the quotient GREEN, the divisor YELLOW and

the dividend ORANGE.
18 ÷ 2 =
4. Colour the quotient YELLOW, the divisor GREEN and

the dividend ORANGE.
18 ÷ 3 =
5. Colour the quotient RED, the divisor ORANGE and the

dividend YELLOW.
36 ÷ 4 =
6. Colour the quotient ORANGE, the divisor RED and the

dividend YELLOW.
35 ÷ 5 =
7. Colour the quotient GREEN, the divisor ORANGE and

the dividend RED.
21 ÷ 3 =
104
6.11
Answer the following using the standard

written method for division.
1. 2 14 2. 3 27 3. 2 10
4. 5 15 5. 4 32 6. 5 40
7. 3 18 8. 2 6 9. 3 9
10. 4 16 11. 5 35 12. 4 28
105
6.12
Match A and B where the products

equal the quotients.
A B
2x4 30 ÷ 5
3x3 8÷4
1x2 24 ÷ 3
2x3 20 ÷ 4
1x5 45 ÷ 5
2x2 24 ÷ 4
1x4 8÷2
1x3 32 ÷ 4
3x2 15 ÷ 5
4x2 12 ÷ 3
106
6.13
Label the rods if different reference

points are chosen.
Reference Point
1.
0
Reference Point
2.
Answer the questions and identify

the m and n.
m: number of digits for dividend n: number of digits for divisor

m n m–n–1
8÷2= 1 1 -1 or 1
10 ÷ 5 =
28 ÷ 4 =
6÷3=
107
6.14
Label the rods and fill in the blanks correctly.

Show the dividend, divisor and quotient on
your abacus.
Reference Point
Dividend Divisor Quotient
5 ÷ 5 = 1 m=
Up 5 at rod Up 5 at rod Up 1 at rod n=
m-n-1=
27 ÷ 3 = 9
Up 2 at rod Up 3 at rod Up 9 at rod m=
n=
Up 7 at rod m-n-1=
6 ÷ 2 = 3 m=
Up 6 at rod Up 2 at rod Up 3 at rod n=
m-n-1=
32 ÷ 4 = 8
Up 3 at rod Up 4 at rod Up 8 at rod m=
n=
Up 2 at rod m-n-1=
108
Dividend Divisor Quotient

16 ÷ 4 =
Up 1 at rod Up 4 at rod Up at m=
rod n=
Up 6 at rod m-n-1=
10 ÷ 2 =
rod n=
Up 0 at rod m-n-1=
21 ÷ 3 =
rod n=
Up 1 at rod m-n-1=
8 ÷ 4 = m=
Up 8 at rod Up 4 at rod Up at n=
rod m-n-1=
35 ÷ 5 =
rod n=
Up 5 at rod m-n-1=
Try again from the top and visualise

the bead movements.
109
6.15
Remember your times-tables?

Try and do these without looking at them.
Say the number sentences out loud.
1. 30 ÷ 5 = ; x 5 = 30
2. 12 ÷ 4 = ; x 4 = 12
3. 9÷3= ; x3= 9
4. 18 ÷ 2 = ; x 2 = 18
5. 40 ÷ 5 = ; x 5 = 40
6. 36 ÷ 4 = ; x 4 = 36
7. 21 ÷ 3 = ; x 3 = 21
8. 12 ÷ 2 = ; x 2 = 12
9. 25 ÷ 5 = ; x 5 = 25
10. 20 ÷ 4 = ; x 4 = 20
11. 18 ÷ 3 = ; x 3 = 18
12. 14 ÷ 2 = ; x 2 = 14
110

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Unit 1 Numbers up to 1000

Can you draw one square below?

Draw ten squares below. Count them as you draw.

10 ones make ten!

Move up 1 at Tens on your abacus.

Look at the abacus images.

Look at the numbers above and count in tens.

There are 100 coins in each box.

Fill in the blanks.

There are coins altogether.

Each box contains coins.

There are boxes of coins.

So, 10 hundreds make 1000!

Match the place values on the abacus correctly.

Ones Tens Hundreds Thousands

Let’s try these on your abacus!

1. Move up 1 at Hundreds, move up 3 at Tens, move up 2 at Ones,

Write the correct numerals and number names.

Thousands Tens Thousands Tens

Thousands Tens Thousands Tens

Visualise these numbers and draw the beads.

Try these with your abacus.

Two hundred and sixty-two

(3) Move up 7 at Ones 3

Let’s count in twos from 300.

Let’s count in fives from 360.

Let’s count in tens from 590.

Use your abacus to move the beads.

Circle the smaller number.

Circle the larger number.

Jenny is visualising some numbers.

Jenny is visualising some numbers.

Use your abacus to do the following.

1. Move up 356. 13. Move up 825.

2. Move up 1000. 14. Move up 419.

3. Move up 113. 15. Move up 710.

4. Move up 978. 16. Move up 30.

5. Move up 183. 17. Move up 613.

6. Move up 52. 18. Move up 267.

7. Move up 906. 19. Move up 174.

8. Move up 515. 20. Move up 239.

9. Move up 777. 21. Move up 271.

10. Move up 49. 22. Move up 763.

11. Move up 521. 23. Move up 579.

12. Move up 257. 24. Move up 194.

Unit 2 Addition with the highest

Use your abacus to do the following.

Practise with your abacus

1. (a) Clear abacus 2. (a) Clear abacus

3. (a) Clear abacus 4. (a) Clear abacus

5. (a) Clear abacus 6. (a) Clear abacus

7. (a) Clear abacus 8. (a) Clear abacus

9. (a) Clear abacus 10. (a) Clear abacus

11. (a) Clear abacus 12. (a) Clear abacus

13. (a) Clear abacus 14. (a) Clear abacus

Perform the following with your abacus.

Use your abacus to calculate the following.

1. 42 + 106 = 2. 137 + 212 =

3. 215 + 132 = 4. 87 + 201 =

7. 331 + 152 = 8. 551 + 123 =

9. 170 + 516 = 10. 600 + 206 =

11. 713 + 285 = 12. 418 + 511 =

13. 60 + 200 = 14. 523 + 255 =