Design of Abut A2 MNB8 R1

Rambn-Banihal Section of NH-1A : Design Calculation of Hindustan Construction Company Limited
Abutment A2 of Minor Bridge-8
Detailed Design of Abutment & Foundation

1.0 Design Data A2
1.1 Span
a) Left Span (c/c of exp gap) 57 m
b) Right Span (c/c of exp gap) 0 m
c) Left Span (c/c of brg) 54.500 m
d) Right Span (c/c of brg) 0.000 m
e) Alignment - Left Span Straight
f) Alignment - Right Span Straight
g) Radius of curve - Left Span 100000000 m
h) Radius of curve - Right Span 100000000 m
i) Carriageway width -Left Span 9.000 m
j) Carriageway width -Right Span 9.000 m
k) Overall width- Left Span 12.000 m
l) Overall width- Right Span 12.000 m
m) Depth of superstructure -Left Span 3.300 m
n) Depth of superstructure -Right Span 0.000 m
o) Cg of superstructure from bottom - Left Span 1.929 m
p) Cg of superstructure from bottom - Right Span 0.000 m
q) Spacing of girders 4.800 m
r) Ht of crash barrier 1.05 m
s) Wearing coat thickness 0.065 m
t) Height of downstand 0 m
u) Height of bearing and pedestal 0.35 m
1.2 Salient Levels
a) Formation Level 1194.800 m
b) Bearing Level of fixed bearing 1191.435 m
c) Abutment Cap top Level 1190.965 m
d) Lowest Bed level 1186.821 m
e) Founding level 1177.000 m
f) Average ground level at toe side foundation 1182.000 m
1.3 Dimension details of abutment

a) Length of abutment 12.000 m
b) Width of abutment Cap 2.500 m
c) Length of abutment Cap 12.000 m
d) Distance from center of exp. joint to bearing 1.250 m
e) Thickness of abutment Cap 0.800 m
f) Thickness of front wall 0.500 m
g) Thickness of back wall 0.500 m
h) Nos. of counterfort wall 4
i) Thickness of outer couterfort wall 0.600 m
j) Thickness of inner couterfort wall 0.600 m
k) Thickness of dirt wall 0.400 m
l) Tranverse Ecentricity of Girders 0.000 m
1.4 Details of foundation

a) Width of foundation 13.000 m
b) Width of toe 3.750 m
c) Width of heel 11.500 m
d) Total Length 15.250 m
e) Width of Earth fill box portion 8.000 m
f) Width of Earth fill heel portion 2.500 m
g) Thickness of foundation slab 0.700 m
h) Height of toe counterfort 5.000 m
i) Allowable Bearing capacity of abutment foundation-A2 58.6 MT/m2
Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01

Consulting Engineering Services (I) Pvt. Ltd. Page No. 1 of 54 Rev. No. R1, Dt. 18.04.2018
1.5 Details of wearing coat and backfill matterial

Thk. of Ashphaltic Concrete = 40 mm Angle of internal friction (φ) = 30.00 degrees
Thk. of mastic Asphalt = 25 mm Angle of wall friction (δ) = 20.00 degrees
Thk. of fill over base slab = 2400 mm Slope of backfill soil (β) = 0.00 degrees
Unit weight of wearing coat = 22.0 kN/m3 Angle of earthside wall (α) = 0.00 degrees
Unit weight of soil = 19.0 kN/m3 Surcharge 1.2xγsoil
1.6 Others
a) Unit wt of concrete for abutment 25 kN/m3
b) Unit wt of concrete for foundation 25 kN/m3
c) Unit wt of Earth above foundation 19 kN/m3
d) Unit wt of wearing coat 22 kN/m3
e) Grade of concrete of abutment & abutment cap M35
Grade of concrete = M35 Mean concrete strength fcm = 45.00 MPa
Modulus of elasticity Ecm = 32308 MPa Mean tensile strength fctm = 2.77 MPa
Lower fractile tensile fctm = 1.94 MPa Upper fractile tensile fctm95 = 3.60 MPa
Material safety factor γm = 1.50 Design concrete strength fcd = 15.63 MPa
Permissible tensile stress = 1.29 MPa Coeff of thermal expansion = 12 E-06 /0C
Permissible Compressive stress at rare combination of loads = 16.80 MPa
Permissible Compressive stress at frequent combination of loads = 12.60 MPa
f) Grade of concrete of foundation M35
Grade of concrete = M35 Mean concrete strength fcm = 45.00 MPa
Modulus of elasticity Ecm = 32308 MPa Mean tensile strength fctm = 2.77 MPa
Lower fractile tensile fctm = 1.94 MPa Upper fractile tensile fctm95 = 3.60 MPa
Material safety factor γm = 1.50 Design concrete strength fcd = 15.63 MPa
Permissible tensile stress = 1.29 MPa Coeff of thermal expansion = 12 E-06 /0C
Permissible Compressive stress at rare combination of loads = 16.80 MPa
Permissible Compressive stress at frequent combination of loads = 12.60 MPa
g) Grade of steel Fe500
Grade of reinforcement Fe 500 Modulus of elasticity = 200000 MPa
Material safety factor gs = 1.15 Design yield strength fyd = 434.78 MPa
Design yield strain eyd = 0.0022 Permissible working stress = 240.00 MPa
1.7 Seismic Forces Seismic Zone Zone IV
As per cl. No. 219.6 pof IRC 6:2014, seismic force below ground level shall not be considered.

1.8 Sketches
12000
500 1500 500 9000 500
Abutment cap 0.80
12
Abutment Wall
3.800 3.800 3.800
0.600 0.600
13.000
1177.000
Open Foundation 0.70
Elevation of abutment, abutment cap along Transverse direction
1194.800
0.800
2.50 17.800
0.500 0.500
Bed level
0.70
Open Foundation
1177.000
2.500 8.000
11.500 3.750
15.250
Elevation of Abutment along Longitudinal direction

2.0 Load calculation

2.1 Dead Load of structure
2.1.1 Self weight of superstructure
Support reactions for self weight of girders & wt of deck slab from superstructure analysis are considered for
analysis of substructure & foundation,
(a) Left Span = 54.500 m
DL Reaction of Super structure = 5831.0 kN
Total dead load of Superstructure = 5831.0 kN
2.1.2 Self weight of substructure
Self weight of substructure is computed considering unit weight of concrete = 25 kN/m3.
SL. No. Loads Nos. Length (m) Breadth (m) Height (m) Load (kN)
1 Bearing 2 Wt of each bearing = 2 kN 4.0

2 Pedestal 2 1.00 1.00 0.30 15.0
3 Central pedestal 1 1.00 1.00 0.360 9.0
4 Seismic restrainer 2 2.80 0.75 1.60 168.0
5 Abut cap 1 12.00 2.50 0.80 600.0
6 Dirt wall 1 12.00 0.40 3.72 445.8
Therefore total weight of substructure = 1241.8 kN
2.2 Super Impose Dead Load from superstructure

Support reactions of girders for superimposed live load from superstructure analysis are considered for
analysis of substructure & foundation,
(a) Left Span
SIDL reaction from longer Super structure = 1311.00 kN
Total SIDL from Superstructure = 1311.00 kN
2.3 Footpath Live Load from superstructure

As per Cl. No. 206.3(b) of IRC:6-2014, 7.5m> L (Span length)<30m
/
Where, P= P - (40L-300)/9 P/ = 500 Kg/m
2
2
W= 1.5 m P= 291.1 Kg/m
Left span L1 = 54.50 m L2 = 0.00 m Right span
U.D.L. due to footpath live load = 4.37 kN/m 4.37 kN/m
Table 2.3.1 Summary of footpath live load
Vertical load (kN) Eccentricity (m) Long. Tranverse
Span mkd Due to moment (kN- moment (kN-
One side Long Trans m) m)
curvature
Left span 124.5 0.000 4.75 0.000 0.0 591.1
Right span 0.0 0.000 4.75 0.000 0.0 0.0
Total Tranverse Moment 0.00 591.14
2.4 Vehicular Live Load from superstructure
Maximum Longitudinal Moment due to vehicular live load is summarized below. The longitudinal dispositions of axle
loads causing maximum reaction and moments on substructure and foundation are computed in a separate pages.
Table 2.4.1 Summary of Vehicular live load at bearing level for Normal load case
Vertical Horizontal Force (kN) ML (KN-m) MT (KN-m) or
Loaded length
Load V (kN) HL HT
Max. Long Moment
1050.04 504.60 0.00 0.00 -3050.36 950.28
(1L 70R)

Table 2.4.2 Summary of Vehicular live load at bearing level for Longitudinal Seismic
Vertical Horizontal Force (kN) ML (KN-m) MT (KN-m) or
Loaded length
Load V (kN) HL HT
Max. Long Moment
210.01 386.60 0.00 0.00 -610.07 190.06
(1L 70R)
2.5 Wind Load on structure

Wind load has been calculated as per clause no. 209 of IRC 6:2014. A detailed calculation for Wind load
on the Structure has been calculated in a separate page of this design Calculation report. A summary of
forces & moments on the structure has been presented here.
Table 2.7.1 Summary of Wind force at bearing level
Vertical Longitudi Transvers Long. Tranv.
Case
Load (kN) nal Force e Force Moment Moment
Unloaded Structure 618.60 107.59 430.35 50.57 700.40
Loaded Structure 320.68 75.83 303.32 35.64 1085.71
Table 2.7.1 Summary of Wind force at base of pier
Case Vertical Longitudi Transvers Long. Tranv.
Unloaded Structure 618.60 107.59 618.60 1553.04 6710.31
Loaded Structure 320.68 75.83 320.68 1094.59 5321.51
2.6 CENTRIFUGAL FORCE

WV2
C =
127R
W = Live load
V = Design Speed = 60 km/hr.
R = The Radius of Curvature in m = 1E+08 m
2.7 Dead load Calculation of abutment

Thickness of outer couterfort wall 0.600 m
Thickness of inner couterfort wall 0.600 m
1194.800 m
1270
350
3,835
7
10 6 800
2500
12,800
5 500 17,800
8265
500 13265 1 Average Ground level = 1182.000 m

4
3250
9000 500 3800
11500 5,000
4300 2 500
1177.0 m
3 700
2500 8000
11500 3750
15250
Section of Retaining Wall

2.8 Load Calculation Unit wt of concrete for abutment 25 kN/m3

Unit wt ofSoil 19 kN/m3
Width of abutment 12 m
Width of foundation 13 m
Weight Horz. Lever Moment
Sl No Load Calculation Area(m2) arm(m)
(kN) (kN-m)
Wt. of abutment only
1 (17.80-3.835-0.8-0.7)x0.5x(12-2*0.6-2*0.6 59.8 1495.8 4.000 5983.2
2 Toe wall = 4x4.3x3.75x0.6 38.7 967.5 1.875 1814.1
-4x1/2x3.25x3.8x0.6 -14.8 -370.5 1.083 -401.4
3 15.25x0.7x13 138.8 3469.4 7.625 26454.0
4 Outer wall= 2x(11.5)x(17.8-0.7)x0.6 236.0 5899.5 9.500 56045.3
-2x(1.27+0.35)x(3.835+0.8)x0.6 -9.0 -225.3 4.560 -1027.2
Inner wall= 2x(9)x13.265x0.6 143.3 3581.6 8.250 29547.8
-2x(1.27+0.35)x(3.835+0.8)x0.6 -9.0 -225.3 4.560 -1027.2
5 (12-2x0.6-2x0.6)x0.5x13.265 63.7 1591.8 12.500 19897.5
6 Abut cap 2.5x0.8x12 24.0 600.0 4.620 2772.0
7 Dirt wall 0.35x3.835x12 16.1 402.7 6.075 2446.3
PCC on Toe = 3.75x1x13-10 38.8 968.8 1.875 1816.4
Conn. Beam =0.6*0.6*(12-0.6*4) 3.5 86.4 8.250 712.8
Superstructure
Self wt of girder 5831.00 5831.0 4.000 23324.0
SIDL 1311.00 1311.0 4.000 5244.0
Crash barrier on outer wall =7kN/m 108.2 8.885 961.5
Wt. of Soil
Soil on toe =(5-0.7-1)x3.75x13-15 145.9 2771.63 1.875 5196.8
Soil on box =8x(13-2x0.6-2x0.6)x(17,800-0.7) 1450.1 27551.52 8.250 227300.0
Soil on heel =2.5x(13-2x0.6)x(17,800-0.7) 504.5 9584.55 14.000 134183.7
Live Load Surcharge
13 (11.5-1.27)x1.2x12 135.036 2565.68 10.135 26003.207

Summary of load due to self wt of abutment Wall 18242.3 145033.5
Summary of load for earth fill 39907.7 366680.5
Summary of load due to Live load & live load surcharge 2565.7 26003.2
Moment about toe due to weight of abutment & earth fill shall be negative.
For calculation of Seismic force Level upto = 1182.000 m

Vertical
Weight Moment
Sl No Load Calculation Area(m2) Lever
(kN) arm(m) (kN-m)
Wt. of abutment only
1 (12.80-3.835-0.8)x0.5x(12-2*0.6-2*0.6 39.2 979.8 9.083 8899.0
4 Outer wall= 2x(9)x(12.8)x0.6 184.7 4617.0 11.400 52633.8
-2x(1.27+0.35)x(3.835+0.8)x0.6 -9.0 -225.3 15.483 -3487.6
Inner wall= 2x(9)x(8.265)x0.6 89.3 2231.6 9.133 20379.6
-2x(1.27+0.35)x(3.835+0.8)x0.6 -9.0 -225.3 15.483 -3487.6
5 (12-2x0.6-2x0.6)x0.5x8.265 39.7 991.8 9.133 9057.6
7 Abut cap 2.5x0.8x12 24 600.0 13.565 8139.0
8 Dirt wall 0.35x3.835x12 16.1 402.7 15.883 6395.5
Total 9372.3 98529.4
Ecentricity M/P = 10.5 m

2.9 Earth pressure calculation

2.9.1 Active earth Pressure on vertical wall at normal case 0.000 kN/m2
(As per clause no. 214 of ammendment no. 2 of IRC:6-2014, August 2014)
Active earth pressure coefficient at Normal case Ka
= Cos2(φ-α)
2 1/2 2
Cos α*Cos(α+δ)*[1+{Sin(φ+δ)*Sin(φ-β)/(Cos(α-δ)*Cos(δ+α))} ]
Note :-
α = Angle subtended by the earth side wall with the 94.488 kN/m
2
vertical on the earth side = 0.00 radians

φ = Angle of internal friction of the earth fill = 0.52 radians
δ = Angle of friction of the earth side wall with the earth=2φ/3 = 0.35 radians
β = Inclination of the earth fill surface with horizontal = 0.00 radians
Hence, dry unit wt of soil shall be considered.
2
γs = Unit weight of Soil at normal case = 19.00 kN/m
Surcharge = 1.2xγsoil = 22.80 kN/m2
Active earth pressure coefficient at Normal case = Ka = 0.297
Earth pressure = γs * height of wall * Ka
Height abutment wall 17.800 m
Horz. earth pr. at top = 0.297*19*0*COS(0.35) = 0.000 kN/m2
Horz. earth pr. at foundation level = 0.297*19*17.800*COS(0.35) = 94.49 kN/m2
Earth pr. due to LL surcharge at top 0.297x1.2x19xcos(0.35) = 6.370 kN/m2
Summary of Earth pressure on abutment
Lever arm
Description Earth pr. (kN/m2) Force Moment at
Height at centre
(kN/m centre of abut
(m) of abut
At top At bottom width) cap (kN-m/m)
cap(m)
a) Earth pressure 0.0 94.5 17.800 840.94 7.48 6286.86
b))Live load surcharge 6.4 6.37 17.800 113.39 8.90 1009.13
Summary of Force & moment due Earth pressure on abutment

Description Earth pr. (kN/m2) Lever arm Moment at
Force
Width from bottom bottom of
Height (m) (kN/m Force (kN)
(m) of foundation
width)
At top At bottom foundation (kN-m/m)
a) Earth pressure 0.0 94.5 17.800 840.94 12 10091.27 7.48 75442.33
b))Live load surcharge 6.4 6.4 17.800 113.39 12 1360.62 8.9 12109.52
Total 1360.62 12109.52

2.9.2 Active earth Pressure on vertical wall at seismic case 0.000 kN/m2

2
= (1+-Av)*Cos (φ− λ -α)
Cosλ∗Cos2α*Cos(α+δ+λ)*[1+{Sin(φ+δ)*Sin(φ-β−λ)/(Cos(α-β)*Cos(δ+α+λ))}1/2]2
Note :-  z  S a 
   
α = Angle subtended by the earth side wall with the  2  g  2
Ah = 42.883 kN/m
 R 
vertical on the earth side   = 0.00 radians
 I 
γs = Unit weight of Soil at normal case = 19.00 kN/m2
Seismic forces on the structure are calculated as per Cl 222, IRC : 6 - 2014.
Where, Ah = Horizontal Seismic Coefficient
z = zone factor = For Zone V = 0.36

I = Importance factor = = 1.20
R = Response Reduction factor = = 3.00
Sa/g = 2.5 for 0.0 < T < 0.55 For Medium Soil
= 1.36/T for 0.55 < T < 4.0
So, Sa/g = = 2.50
Horizontal coefficient - Ah 0.36/2x2.5/(3/1.2) = 0.18
Vertical coefficient - Av = 0.12
λ = Ah/(1+Av) = 0.16
Active earth pressure coefficient at seismic case = Ka = 0.485
Dynamic increment of static earth pressure coefficient = 0.188
Horz. earth pr. at top = = 0.000 kN/m2
2
Horz. earth pr. at average GL = i.e. 1194.8-1182= 12.80 m = 42.88 kN/m
Earth pr. due to LL surcharge at top = 4.020 kN/m2
Summary of Dynamic increment of Earth pressure on dirt wallMoment & abutment

at top column
Description Earth pr. (kN/m2) Lever arm of pile cap (kN-
Height (m) Force (kN)
At top At bottom (m) m)
a) Earth pressure
Dirt wall +skin wall 0.0 42.9 12.800 274.45 8.9 2442.637
b))Live load surcharge
Summary of Force & moment dueof Dynamic increment of Earth pressure at bottom of pile cap
Description Earth pr. (kN/m2) Lever arm Moment at
Force
Height (m) (kN/m Force (kN) foundation
(m) of
width)
a) Earth pressure
Dirt wall +skin wall 0.0 42.9 12.800 274.45 12 3293.44 11.40 37545.25
b))Live load surcharge

2.9.3 Active earth Pressure on tranverse side wall at normal case 0.000 kN/m2
(As per clause no. 214 of ammendment no. 2 of IRC:6-2014, August 2014)
= Cos2(φ-α)
Cos α*Cos(α+δ)*[1+{Sin(φ+δ)*Sin(φ-β)/(Cos(α-δ)*Cos(δ+α))}1/2]2
2
Note :-
α = Angle subtended by the earth side wall with the 94.488 kN/m2
Hence, dry unit wt of soil shall be considered.
2
γs = Unit weight of Soil at normal case = 19.00 kN/m
Surcharge = 0 xγsoil South bound carriage 7.5m away from north bound carriageway = 0.00 kN/m2
Active earth pressure coefficient at Normal case = Ka = 0.297
Earth pressure = γs * height of wall * Ka
Height abutment wall 17.800 m
Horz. earth pr. at top = 0.297*19*0*COS(0.35) = 0.000 kN/m2
Horz. earth pr. at foundation level = 0.297*19*17.800*COS(0.35) = 94.49 kN/m2
Earth pr. due to LL surcharge at top 0.297x0x19xcos(0.35) = 0.000 kN/m2
Summary of Earth pressure on abutment
Description Earth pr. (kN/m2) Force Lever arm Moment at
Height (m) (kN/m at centre centre of abut
At top At bottom width) of abut cap (kN-m/m)
a) Earth pressure 0.0 94.5 8.900 420.47 3.74 1571.72
b)Surcharge 0.0 0.0 8.9 0.00 4.45 0.00
 z  S a
Percentage of active force at tranverse direction is considered  = 50%
   
 2  g 
Ah =
Summary of Force & moment due Earth pressure at base of abutment  R 
 
 I  Lever arm Moment at
Description Earth pr. (kN/m2) Force
Height (m) (kN/m Force (kN)
(m) of foundation
width)
a) Earth pressure 0.0 94.5 17.800 840.94 9 3784.23 7.48 28290.88
0.0 0.0 0.00 0 0.00 17.80 0.00
Cantilever wall
0.0 0.0 0.00
b)Surcharge 0.0 0.0 17.800 0.00 9 0.00 8.9 0.00

2.9.4 Active earth Pressure on tranverse side wall at seismic case 0.000 kN/m2

= (1+-Av)*Cos2(φ− λ -α)
Cosλ∗Cos α*Cos(α+δ+λ)*[1+{Sin(φ+δ)*Sin(φ-β−λ)/(Cos(α-β)*Cos(δ+α+λ))}1/2]2
2
Note :-
α = Angle subtended by the earth side wall with the 27.268 kN/m2
φ= Angle of internal friction of the earth fill = 0.52 radians
δ= Angle of friction of the earth side wall with the earth=2φ/3 = 0.35 radians
β= Inclination of the earth fill surface with horizontal = 0.00 radians
γs = Unit weight of Soil at normal case = 19.00 kN/m2
z = zone factor = For Zone IV = 0.24

R = Response Reduction factor = = 3.00
Sa/g = 2.5 for 0.0 < T < 0.55 For Medium Soil
= 1.36/T for 0.55 < T < 4.0
So, Sa/g = = 2.50
Horizontal coefficient - Ah 0.24/2x2.5/(3/1.2) = 0.12
Vertical coefficient - Av = 0.08
λ = Ah/(1+Av) = 0.11
Active earth pressure coefficient at seismic case = Ka = 0.417
Dynamic increment of static earth pressure coefficient = 0.119
2
Horz. earth pr. at centre of top = = 0.000 kN/m
Horz. earth pr. at average GL = i.e. 1194.8-1182= 12.80 m = 27.27 kN/m2
Earth pr. due to LL surcharge at top = 0.000 kN/m2
Summary of Dynamic increment of Earth pressure on dirt wall & abutment column
Description Earth pr. (kN/m2) Moment at top
Lever arm
Height (m) Force (kN) of pile cap
(m)
At top At bottom (kN-m)
a) Earth pressure
b)Surcharge
Summary of Force & moment dueof Dynamic increment of Earth pressure at bottom of pile cap
Description Earth pr. (kN/m2) Force Lever arm Moment at
Width
Height (m) (kN/m Force (kN) from bottom bottom of
At top At bottom width)
(m) of foundation
a) Earth pressure
0.0 0.0 0.00 0 0.00 12.80 0.00
Cantilever wall
0.0 0.0 0.00
b)Surcharge

3.0 Live load calculation at normal case

Multiplication factor 1
Centrifugal Force Velocity, V = 60 kmph
Radius, R = 1E+08 m
Acts at 1.2m m above deck level
Height of structure above bearing = -4.565 m
2
Centrifugal Force = WV /127R = 0.000 W
Ecentricity due to Curvature = R[sin(φ/2)/(φ/2)-cos( or 2/3*R[-cos(φ/2)]
Where, φ = L/2R, R (left) = 1E+08 m L (left) = 57 m
R (right) = 1E+08 m L (right) = 0 m
Eccentricity due to curvature (left) = 0.000 m Right 0.000 m
3.1 MAXIMUM LONGITUDINAL MOMENT CASE

(a) 1-laneClass 70R (W) Loading
1000 kN
2.0 0.5 9 0.5
1.2 2.79
0.86
12.00
Section showing location of 70R wheeled loading
5.124 CG of all loads =5.124m
47.274 4.499 from extreme right
170kN load.
C A
1000 KN 1000 kN
1.250 54.50 1.250
Rc (free bearing)= 1000+1000-1050.037 = 949.96 KN

RA (fixed bearing)= (54.5 - 4.499)/54.5 * 1000+(54.5 - 47.274)/54.5 * 1000 = 1050.04 KN
R = R2 + R3 = = 1050.0 KN
Tranverse Eccentricity = 0.905 m
or = -2.905 m
Horiz Force,for left span Fh 1000x0.2 = 200.00 KN
HorizForce,for right span Fh = 0 KN
DL+SIDL Reaction of left span = 7142.00 KN
DL+SIDL Reaction of right span = 0 KN
Centrifugal Force for left span = 0.0 KN
Centrifugal Force for right span = 0.0 KN
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
Horizontal force at free bearing of left span (R2) =µxRc = 242.76 KN
Horizontal force at Pier =Fh1-µxRc = -42.76 KN
OR =(Fh1)/2+µxRc = 504.60 KN
Total Longitudinal horizontal force on pier 504.60 KN
Total Tranverse Force horizontal force on pier = 0.00 KN
Transverse moment MT = 950.28 KN-m
or = -3050.36 KN-m

(b) 1-lane Class 70R Tracked Loading

700 kN
2.0 0.5 9.00 0.5
1.2 2.9
0.84
12.00
Section showing location of 70R tracked loading
2.285
35.61 1.66
C A
700 700 kN
1.250 54.5 1.250

RA (fixed bearing)= (54.5 - 1.66)/54.5 * 700 + (54.5 - 35.605)/54.5 *=700 921.37 KN
R = R2 + R3 = = 921.37 KN
Transverse eccentricity = 0.850 m
or = -2.850 m
Horiz Force,for left span Fh 700x0.2 = 140 KN
DL+SIDL Reaction of right span = 0.00 KN
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
OR =(Fh1)/2+µxRc = 451.03 KN
or = -2625.90 KN-m
(c) 1/2 lane Class A Loading
(i) Class A (2 Lane) Loading
554 554 kN
2.0 0.5 9.00 0.5
0.4 1.8 1.7 1.8
0.84
12.00
Section showing location of 2lane Class -A loading

CG of all loads =9.091m

from extreme right 47.50 8.466
27 kN load.
C A
554 554 kN
1.250 54.500 1.25
1-lane 2-lane
Rc (free bearing)= 554+554-539.098 568.9 KN 1137.8 KN
RA (fixed bearing)= (54.5 - 8.466)/54.5 * 554 + (54.5 - 47.5)/54.5 * 554 539.10 1078.2 KN
R = R2 + R3 = 568.9 1137.8 KN
Eccentricity 2.200 0.450 m
or = -4.200 -2.450 m
Horiz Force,for left span Fh 110.80 110.80 KN
HorizForce,for right span Fh 0 0.0 KN
DL+SIDL Reaction of left span 7142.00 7142.00 KN
DL+SIDL Reaction of right span 0.00 0.00 KN
Centrifugal Force for left span 0.0 0.0 KN
Centrifugal Force for right span 0.0 0.00 KN
Value of " µ " 0.05 0.05 0.03
Horizontal force at free bearing of left span (R2) =µxRc 231.33 248.39 KN
Horizontal force at Pier =Fh1-µxRc -120.53 -137.59 KN
OR =(Fh1)/2+µxRc 440.95 469.39 KN
Total Longitudinal horizontal force on pier 440.95 469.39 KN
Total Tranverse Force horizontal force on pier 0.00 0.00 KN
Transverse moment MT 1251.58 512.01 KN-m
or = -2389.39 -2787.62 KN-m
SUMMARY OF LIVE LOADS & MOMENTS
1lane 70R 1lane 70R 1lane 2lane
COMPONENTS
Wheeled Tracked Class-A Class-A
1.0 Vertical Load V 1050.04 921.37 568.90 1137.80
2.0 Transverse Ecc. eT -2.905 -2.850 2.200 0.450
3.0 Transverse Moment MT -3050.36 -2625.90 -2389.39 -2787.62
or 950.28 783.16 1251.58 512.01
4.0 Longitudinal Ecc. eL 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
5.0 Difference in reaction 1050.04 921.37 539.10 1078.20
6.0 Longitudinal Moment ML 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
7.0 Horizontal Force HL 504.60 451.03 440.95 469.39
8.0 Horizontal Force HT 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.2 Summary of Live load Live Loads - Normal case

Horizontal Force (kN)
Load Case Vertical ML (KN- MT (KN- or
Load V H L H T m) m)
Case 1 : Max. M L Case (LL2)
a) 1 L Class 70R (W) 1050.04 504.60 0.00 0.00 -3050.4 950.3
b) 1L Class 70R (T) 921.37 451.03 0.00 0.00 -2625.9 783.2
c) 1L Class A 568.90 440.95 0.00 0.00 -2389.4 1251.6
d) 2L Class A 1137.80 469.39 0.00 0.00 -2787.6 512.0
3.3 Snow load

a) for 70R tracked (0.5m thick snow) Reaction = 1710 kN
b) for 70Rwheeled (0.25m thick snow) Reaction = 855 kN

3.4 Live load calculation at Seismic case

Multiplication factor 0.2
Centrifugal Force Velocity, V = 60 kmph
Radius, R = 1E+08 m
Acts at 1.2m m above deck level
Height of structure above bearing = -4.565 m
2
Centrifugal Force = WV /127R = 0.000 W
Ecentricity due to Curvature = R[sin(φ/2)/(φ/2)-cos( or 2/3*R[-cos(φ/2)]
Where, φ = L/2R, R (left) = 1E+08 m L (left) = 57 m
R (right) = 1E+08 m L (right) = 0 m
Eccentricity due to curvature (left) = 0.000 m Right 0.000 m
MAXIMUM LONGITUDINAL MOMENT CASE

(a) 1-laneClass 70R (W) Loading
1000 kN
2.0 0.5 9 0.5
1.2 2.79
0.86
12.00
Section showing location of 70R wheeled loading
5.124 CG of all loads =5.124m
47.274 4.499 from extreme right
170kN load.
C A
200 KN 200 kN
1.250 54.50 1.250

RA (fixed bearing)= (54.5 - 4.499)/54.5 * 200+(54.5 - 47.274)/54.5 * 200 = 210.01 KN
R = R2 + R3 = = 210.0 KN
Tranverse Eccentricity = 0.905 m
or = -2.905 m
Horiz Force,for left span Fh 200x0.2 = 40.00 KN
DL+SIDL Reaction of right span = 0 KN
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
OR =(Fh1)/2+µxRc = 386.60 KN
or = -610.07 KN-m

(b) 1-lane Class 70R Tracked Loading

700 kN
2.0 0.5 9.00 0.5
1.2 2.9
0.84
12.00
Section showing location of 70R tracked loading
2.285
35.61 1.66
C A
140 140 kN
1.250 54.5 1.250

RA (fixed bearing)= (54.5 - 1.66)/54.5 * 140 + (54.5 - 35.605)/54.5 * =140 184.27 KN
R = R2 + R3 = = 184.27 KN
Transverse eccentricity = 0.850 m
or = -2.850 m
Horiz Force,for left span Fh 140x0.2 = 28 KN
DL+SIDL Reaction of right span = 0.00 KN
Value of " µ " = 0.05 0.03
OR =(Fh1)/2+µxRc = 375.89 KN
or = -525.18 KN-m
(c) 1/2 lane Class A Loading
(i) Class A (2 Lane) Loading
554 554 kN
2.0 0.5 9.00 0.5
0.4 1.8 1.7 1.8
0.84
12.00
Section showing location of 2lane Class -A loading

CG of all loads =9.091m

from extreme right 47.50 8.466
27 kN load.
C A
110.8 111 kN
1.250 54.500 1.25
1-lane 2-lane
Rc (free bearing)= 110.8+110.8-107.82 113.8 KN 227.6 KN
RA (fixed bearing)= (54.5 - 8.466)/54.5 * 110.8 + (54.5 - 47.5)/54.5 * 110.8 107.82 215.6 KN
R = R2 + R3 = 113.8 227.6 KN
Eccentricity 2.200 0.450 m
or = -4.200 -2.450 m
Horiz Force,for left span Fh 22.16 22.16 KN
HorizForce,for right span Fh 0 0.0 KN
DL+SIDL Reaction of left span 7142.00 7142.00 KN
DL+SIDL Reaction of right span 0.00 0.00 KN
Centrifugal Force for left span 0.0 0.0 KN
Centrifugal Force for right span 0.0 0.00 KN
Value of " µ " 0.05 0.05 0.03
Horizontal force at free bearing of left span (R2) =µxRc 217.67 221.09 KN
Horizontal force at Pier =Fh1-µxRc -195.51 -198.93 KN
OR =(Fh1)/2+µxRc 373.87 379.56 KN
Total Longitudinal horizontal force on pier 373.87 379.56 KN
Total Tranverse Force horizontal force on pier 0.00 0.00 KN
Transverse moment MT 250.32 102.40 KN-m
or = -477.88 -557.52 KN-m
SUMMARY OF LIVE LOADS & MOMENTS
1lane 70R 1lane 70R 1lane 2lane
COMPONENTS
Wheeled Tracked Class-A Class-A
1.0 Vertical Load V 210.01 184.27 113.78 227.56
2.0 Transverse Ecc. eT -2.905 -2.850 2.200 0.450
3.0 Transverse Moment MT -610.07 -525.18 -477.88 -557.52
or 190.06 156.63 250.32 102.40
4.0 Longitudinal Ecc. eL 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
5.0 Difference in reaction 210.01 184.27 107.82 215.64
6.0 Longitudinal Moment ML 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
7.0 Horizontal Force HL 386.60 375.89 373.87 379.56
8.0 Horizontal Force HT 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.5 Summary of Live load Live Loads - Normal case

Horizontal Force (kN)
Load Case Vertical ML (KN- MT (KN- or
Load V H L H T m) m)
Case 1 : Max. M L Case (LL2)
a) 1 L Class 70R (W) 210.01 386.60 0.00 0.00 -610.1 190.1
b) 1L Class 70R (T) 184.27 375.89 0.00 0.00 -525.2 156.6
c) 1L Class A 113.78 373.87 0.00 0.00 -477.9 250.3
d) 2L Class A 227.56 379.56 0.00 0.00 -557.5 102.4
3.6 Snow load

a) for 70R tracked (0.5m thick snow) Reaction = 1710 kN
b) for 70Rwheeled (0.25m thick snow) Reaction = 855 kN

4.0 Wind Loads on Structure

Wind Load as per clause no. 209 of IRC 6:2014
Vb = design wind speed = 50 m/s
Tranverse wind Force FT = PZxA1xGxCD
Longitudinal wind Force FL = 25% of FT
Vertical wind Force FV = PZxA3xGxCL
Left Span (c/c of exp gap) = 57.00 m
Right Span (c/c of exp gap) = 0.00 m
Overall width- Left Span = 12.00 m
Overall width- Right Span = 12.00 m
Depth of superstructure -Left Span = 3.30 m
Depth of superstructure -Right Span = 0.00 m
where, Pz = The design wind pressure at the location of the bridge.
A1 = Solid area as seen in elevation. =57/2x(3.3+1.05+0.065)+0/2x(0+1.05+0.065) = 125.828 sqm
A3 = Plan area of the Superstructure =57x12/2+0x12/2 = 342.000 sqm
Type of Superstructure : Single beam/Box girder
b/d ratio for the Superstructure : =12/3.3 = 3.6
CD = Drag coefficient for the Superstructure = 1.4
(For slab bridge, CD =1.1, For Single beam/Box girder, CD =1.5 for b/d<=2.0, CD =1.3 for b/d>=6.0 and inbetween interpolated CD to be considered)
G = Gust Factor (If Span<=150, G=2, Otherwise Wind tunnel testing required) = 2.0
CL = Lift coefficient = 0.75
4.1 Wind load on Unloaded structure
a) Wind load on Superstructure
Bridge situated in : = Plain Terrain
Formation Level = 1194.800 m
Bearing Level of fixed bearing = 1191.435 m
Pier Cap top Level = 1190.965 m
Ground level = 1186.821 m
Pier base Level = 1177.000 m
Wind Speed & design wind pressure for Basic wind speed of 33 m/s Wind speed & design wind pr. for Basic wind speed of 50m/s
H Bridge Situated in Bridge Situated in
Plain Terrain Terrain with Obstructions H Plain Terrain Terrain with Obstructions
2
Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m ) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2)
10 27.8 463.7 17.8 190.5 < 10 63.82 1064.5 40.9 437.3
15 29.2 512.5 19.6 230.5 15 67.03 1176.5 45.0 529.2
20 30.3 550.6 21 265.3 20 69.56 1264.0 48.2 609.0
30 31.4 590.2 22.8 312.2 30 72.08 1354.9 52.3 716.7
50 33.1 659.2 24.9 370.4 50 75.99 1513.3 57.2 850.3
60 33.6 676.3 25.6 392.9 60 77.13 1552.6 58.8 902.0
70 34.0 693.6 26.2 412.8 70 78.05 1592.3 60.1 947.7
80 34.4 711.2 26.9 433.3 80 78.97 1632.7 61.8 994.7
90 34.9 729 27.5 454.2 90 80.12 1673.6 63.1 1042.7
100 35.3 747 28.2 475.6 100 81.04 1714.9 64.7 1091.8
Average Height of superstructure =1194.8-1177+1.05-(3.3+1.05)/2 = 16.675 m

2
Lower bound Height = 15 m Pz = = 1176.5 N/m
2
Upper Bound Height = 20 m Pz = = 1264.0 N/m
2
Pz = The design wind pressure at the bridge location for h= 16.675 m = 1205.8 N/m
A1 = Solid area as seen in elevation.
=57/2x(3.3+1.05+0.065)+0/2x(3.3+1.05+0.065) = 125.828 sqm

Summary of wind Force on superstructure

Tranverse wind Force FT = 430.4 kN wind force acting at 1192.593 m
Moment at abutcap top level = 700.40 kN-m Moment at pier base level = 6710.31 kN-m
Longitudinal wind Force FL = 107.6 kN wind force acting at 1191.435 m
Vertical wind Force FV = 618.6 kN
4.2 Wind load on loaded structure

a) Wind load on Superstructure
Wind Speed & design wind pressure for Basic wind speed of 33 m/s Wind speed & design wind pr. for Basic wind speed of 36m/s
H Bridge Situated in Bridge Situated in
Plain Terrain Terrain with Obstructions H Plain Terrain Terrain with Obstructions
2 2
Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m ) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m ) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2)
10 27.8 463.7 17.8 190.5 < 10 33.08 551.84 21.18 226.71
15 29.2 512.5 19.6 230.5 15 34.75 609.92 23.33 274.31
20 30.3 550.6 21.0 265.3 20 36.06 655.26 24.99 315.73
30 31.4 590.2 22.8 312.2 30 37.37 702.39 27.13 371.54
50 33.1 659.2 24.9 370.4 50 39.39 784.50 29.63 440.81
60 33.6 676.3 25.6 392.9 60 39.99 804.85 30.47 467.58
70 34.0 693.6 26.2 412.8 70 40.46 825.44 31.18 491.27
80 34.4 711.2 26.9 433.3 80 40.94 846.39 32.01 515.66
90 34.9 729 27.5 454.2 90 41.53 867.57 32.73 540.54
100 35.3 747 28.2 475.6 100 42.01 888.99 33.56 566.00
Average Height of superstructure = 16.675 m
2
Lower bound Height = 15 m Pz = = 609.9 N/m
2
Upper Bound Height = 20 m Pz = = 655.3 N/m
2
Pz = The design wind pressure at the bridge location for h= 16.68 m = 625.1 N/m
A1 = Solid area as seen in elevation. =57/2x(3.3+0.065)+0/2x(0+0.065) = 95.903 sqm
Summary of wind Force on superstructure
Tranverse wind Force FT = = 170.0 kN acting at 1193.118 m
Longitudinal wind Force FL = = 42.5 kN acting at 1191.435 m
Vertical wind Force FV = = 320.7 kN
 z  S a 
 
 

b) Wind load on live load :  2  g 
A h =
 R 
Wind load on the exposed frontal area of the Live load has been calculated as per Cl. No. 
I 209.3.6

of IRC 6: 2014. As per clause 209.3.7 the bridges shall not be considered to be carrying any live load
when the wind speed at deck level exceeds 36m/s.
Average Height of superstructure=1194.8+0.065-1177+3/2 19.365 m
2
Lower bound Height = 15 m Pz = 609.9 N/m
2
Upper Bound Height = 20 m Pz = 655.3 N/m
D 2
Design Wind Pressure for height = 19.37 m T = 2.0 Pz =
1000 F 649.5 N/m
Drag coefficient for the Superstructure, Cd : = 1.2
A1 = Solid area as seen in elevation. =57/2x3+0/2x3 = 85.500 sqm
Summary of wind Force for loaded structure
Tranverse wind Force FT = 133.3 kN acting at 1196.4 m
Moment at piercap top level = 719.70 kN-m Moment at pier base level = 2580.92 kN-m
Longitudinal wind Force FL = 33.3 kN acting at 1191.4 m
Moment at piercap top level = 15.66 kN-m Moment at pier base level = 480.97 kN-m

4.4 Seismic Forces

Horizontal Seismic force, Fh = Ah x (Dead Load + Appropriate Live Load)
z = zone factor = For Zone IV = 0.24

R = Response Reduction factor = = 3
2
Young Modulus, E = Grade of concrete for pier = 35 Mpa = 32308 kN/m
Sa/g = Average Response Acceleration Coefficient
Sa/g = 2.5 for 0.0 < T < 0.4 For Hard Soil
= 1.0/T for 0.4 < T < 4.0
T = Fundamental Natural Time Period of Pier/Abutment
Total Dead Load + SIDL =2x(0+1311) = 2622 kN

Live Load , assume = 279.72 kN
D = Appropriate Dead Load of Superstructure and Live Load in kN = 2901.72 kN
F = Horizontal Load Required for one mm deflection = 3EI/L3
Moment of inertia has been calculated based on base section of pier
L = Height of Pier
=1190.965-1177 = 13.965 m
Size of pier along Tranverse direction i.e. width of pier = 12.000 m
Size of pier along Longitudinal direction i.e. depth of pier = 15.250 m
For Longitudinal Direction, I = 3546.6 m4
For Transeverse Direction, I = 2196.0 m4
F (For Londitudinal Direction) = 126218 kN T= 0.006 Sec
F (For Transeverse Direction) = 78152.7 kN T= 0.008 Sec
So, Sa/g = = 2.500
Seismic coefficient
Vertical coefficient - longitudinal = 0.0800
Horizontal coefficient -Longitudinal 0.24/2x2.5/(3/1.2) = 0.120
Vertical coefficient - tranverse = 0.0800
Horizontal coefficient -Transverse = 0.120

5.0 Design of Abutment Cap & front wall
Abutment cap 0.80

12.00
0.60
Abutment wall
& Counterfort
3.800 3.800 3.800
Foundation slab
13.000 0.70
Elevation of abutment, abutment cap along Transverse direction
0.800
2.500
0.500
15.250 Foundation slab 0.70
Elevation of Pier cap, Pier along Longitudinal direction

5.1 Calculation of moment & shear on Abutment cap :-

The moment & shear for abutment cap is computed by staad pro for normal condition & jackup condition.
The summary of BM & SF diagrams as below:
For normal condition
1.37e +003 kNm 1.25e +003 kNm 1.37e +003 kNm
0 kNm
3.038 kNm 3.038
0 kNm
-2.32e +003 kNm -2.32e +003 kNm
BMD FOR NORMAL CONDITION
Y
X Z Loa d 0 : Bending Z
Mome nt - kNm
Ma x : 7.41e +003 kN
Ma x : 816.061 kN
Ma x : 20.250 kN Ma x : -128.250 Ma
kN x : 0 kN Ma x : 128.250 kN Ma
Ma x: x : 0 kN kN
-20.250
Ma x : -816.062 kN
Y
X Z Loa d 0 : She a r Y
SFD FOR NORMAL CONDITION Force - kN
Ma x : -7.41e +003 kN
For Jackup condition
1.34e+003 kNm 1.4e +003 kNm

892.691 kNm 941.448 kNm
0 kNm
3.038 kNm 3.038
0 kNm
kNm
-1.07e+003 kNm
-1.26e +003 kNm
BMD FOR JACKUP
Y
Z X Load 1 : Be nding Z
Moment - kNm
4.83e +003
4.79ekN
+003 kN
497.147 kN 429.647 kN
163.705 kN 240.647 kN
0 kN
-20.250 kN -25.295 kN 20.250
0 kNkN
-223.234 kN
-412.234 kN
kN-479.734 kN
SFD FOR JACKUP
-5.31e+003
-5.35ekN
+003 kN
Y
Z X Load 1 : She a r Y
Force - kN

Max Hogging Moment on abutment cap = 2320.00 kN-m

Max Sagging Moment on abutment cap = 1400.00 kN-m
Max Shear = 7417.00 kN
5.1.1 Check for ultimate strength of Abutment cap :-

0.00350 15.63
4268 kN
136.52
= 800 NA NA
72
2500 0.0152 4268 kN
Strain Diagram Stress Diagram
Grade Concrete = M35 Grade of steel Fe 500

Modulus of elasticity Ecm = 32308 MPa Modulus of elasticity = 200000 MPa
Width of the section = 2500 mm Depth of the section = 800 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm Main dia of bar used = 20 mm
Dia of shear reinf. = 12 mm Effective depth, d = 728 mm
R = Mu/bd2 = 1.75 MPa Design Moment = 2320 kN-m
Mu,Lim/bd2 = 0.133xfck = 4.655 MPa Ast = 7804.6 mm2
Lower fractile tensile fctm = 1.94 MPa Where, pt = fck/(2*fy)*(1-sqrt(1-(4.598*R/fck))*100
Min. reinforcement 0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd = 2366.0 mm2
Hence provide top reinforcement
Effective Strain at
Diameter CG Distance Stress at ULS
Layer Nos Area (mm2) Depth , d ULS
(mm) (mm) condition
(mm) condition
a1 = 25 20 9817.48 62.00 738.00 0.01542 434.78
a2 0 3 0.00 62.00 738.00 0.01542 434.78
Total Area= 9817.48 mm2 CG = 738 mm Force 4268 kN
E of reinforcement = 200000 MPa Max strain in concrete = 0.0035

E of concrete = 32308 MPa Min strain in steel = 0.00418
Balanced neutral axis depth = 331.99 mm Actual neutral axis depth = 136.5 mm
Strain in steel = 0.0152 Stress in steel = 434.8 MPa
Section is under reinforced, Hence ok
Total ultimate compressive force = 4268 kN Total ultimate tensile force == 4268 kN
Compressive force CG 56.79 mm Moment of resistance = 2865 kNm
> 2320 kNm Hence O.K.
Hence provide bottom reinforcement
b1 = 25 20 9817.48 62.00 738.0 0.01542 434.78
Force 4268 kN

Total ultimate compressive force = 4268 kN Total ultimate tensile force == 4268 kN

5.1.2 Shear design

VRD= Design Shear Force of the concrete section = 7417.0 kN
Vccd= Design component of Shear Force in the compression area due to inclined compression chord
Vtd= Design component of Shear Force in tensile reinforcement due to inclined tensile chord
VRd.s= Design value of Shear Force for yielding of vertical shear reinforcement
VRD= VRd.s + Vccd + Vtd Here, Vccd= Vtd = 0.0 kN
Hence, VRD= VRd.s
a) Design the section without shear reinforcement
VRD,C= Design Shear Resistance of the concrete section = [0.12K(80p1fck)^0.33+0.15σCP]bwd
Grade Concrete = M35 Grade of steel = Fe 500
Width of beam = 2500 mm Effective depth, d = 728 mm
K= 1+sqrt(200/d)<=2.0 = 1.52 z = 671 mm
vmin = 0.031K^1.5xfck^0.5 = 0.35 MPa p1 = Asl/bwd <=0.02 = 0.0054
σCP = = 0.00 MPa VRD,C = 815.4 kN
Hence shear reinforcement required < 7417.0 kN
b) Design the section with shear reinforcement
Max VEd = 0.5bwdvfcd v= 0.6*(1 - fck/310)
Max Ved = 7572.1 kN > 7417.0 kN Hence O.K.
Design Tensile stress in stirrups (fywd= 0.8fyk/γm) = 347.8 Mpa
VRd,s = Asw / s. z. fywd cot θ by yielding of the Vertical reinforcement
VRd,max = acw bw z v1 fcd / (cot θ + tan θ) by Crushing of Compression strut
Concrete Strength (fcd) = 15.6 Mpa Coeff accounting stress in compression chord n1 = 0.60
Minimum Asw/s required (ASW/sbw=0.072*sqrt(fck)/fyk) = 2.130 mm
Hence Provide 2 -L 12 dia Stirrups @ 125 c/c
2 -L 12 dia
Asv, provided = 452.39 mm2 Asv/s, provided = 3.619 mm
5.2. Front wall

5.2.1. Main reinforcement
Minimum reinforcement is guided as there is no moments & shear
Minimum main reinf. 0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd = 650.0 mm2
Hence provide 12 T @ 125 c/c Vertical Ast = 904.8 mm2
12 T @ 125 c/c Horizontal both sides
5.3 Details of Pedestal

Size of pedestal = 1000 mm x 1000 mm x 300 mm (min)
Minimum reinforcement for pedestal column as per cl.no. 16.2.2(1) of IRC:112-2011 = 0.15 %
Area of reinf reqd. = 1500 mm2
Hence provide Main reinforcement 24 Nos. 12 T Ast, provided 2714 mm2
Links 6L - 8 @ 100 c/c Hence O.K.
Mesh reinf 8T @ 75 c/c

5.4 Design of pedestal for pin bearing

Size of pedestal = 1000 mm x 1000.00 mm x 360 mm
So, actual horizontal force at seismic case = 1714.08 kN
Ultimate horizontal force 1,714.08*1.5 = 2571.12 kN
Minimum interface reinforcement of pedestal 0.15 %
Area of reinf reqd. = 1500.0 mm2
Hence provide main reinforcement 4 Nos. 25 T Ast, provided 11781 mm2
20 Nos. 25 T
Links 14 L - 16 T @ 100 c/c As, stirrups = 10133.5 mm2
Hence O.K.
CG of horizontal force, a = 260.00 mm

Moment = 668.49 kN-m
Shear = 2571.12 kN
b= 1000 mm D= 1000.00 mm d= 932 mm
a/d = = 0.27897 > 1.0
Hence simply bending
Vu/bd = 2.759 N/mm2 < 4.67 N/mm2
Avf = Vu/(0.87xfsy) = 5911 mm2 < 10134 mm2
Af = M/(0.87xfsyx0.9d) = 1832 mm2 < 11781 mm2
(0.04xfc/fsy)xbxd/ = 2982 mm2 < Hence O.K.
The interface shear stress, Vedi <= the resisting capacity at the section, VRdi
Vedi = β Ved/zbi
Where, β = The ratio of longitudinal force in the new concrete and total longitudinal force
Ved = The tranverse shear force
z = Lever arm
bi = the width of interface
VRdi = µσn + ρfyd[µsinα+cosα] <=0.5vfcd fck = M40
µ = friction for rough surface = 0.7 fyd = 500 Mpa
σn = the minimum co existing normal stress < 0.6fcd = 0.00 Mpa
ρ = As/Aj where As is the area of reinforcement, Aj is the interface area
ν1 = Coeff accounting stress in compression chord = 0.60
α = the angle of the reinforcement to the interface = 90.00 degree
fcd = αcc*fck/γm where, αcc =0.67 and γm = 1.5 = 17.87 Mpa
Shear demand of Beam,VEd (kN) = 2571.12 kN

Ratio of Longitudinal forces (β) = 1.00
Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z (m) = 788 mm
Interface Width bi ( mm) = 1000 mm
Design value of Shear Stress vEdi ( MPa) = 3.26 Mpa
Roughness Co-efficient, µ = 0.70
Stress caused by minimum external normal force = 0.0 Mpa
Minimum reinf.=0.15% of area of interface = 1500 mm2
Area of Reinforcement at interface, As (mm2/m) = 11781 mm2
Area of the joint, Ai (mm2) = 1000000 mm3
ρ = As/Aj = 0.01178
Strength reduction factor (n) = 0.60
Design shear resistance at the Interface(vRdi) = 4.12
Status with respect to the Interface Shear = Ok

7.12 Details of Seismic Restrainer

Stopper as designed as additional safety measure of superstructure.
Size of pedestal = 2800 mm x 1600.00 mm x 750 mm
So, actual horizontal force = 1714.08 kN
Ultimate horizontal force 1,714.08*1.5 = 2571.12 kN
Minimum interface reinforcement for restrainer 0.15 %
Area of reinf reqd. = 6720.0 mm2
Hence provide Main reinforcement 30 Nos. 25 T Ast, provided 14726 mm2
Links 8 L- 12 T @ 100 c/c As, stirrups = 9048 mm2/m
Hence O.K.
CG of horizontal force, a = 1450.00 mm

Moment = 3728.12 kN-m
Shear = 2571.12 kN
b= 2800 mm D= 750.00 mm d= 673 mm
a/d = = 2.155 < 1.0
Flexure Design
Width of the section = 2800.0 mm Depth of the section = 750.00 mm
Dia of shear reinf. = 12 T mm Effective depth, d = 688 mm
R = Mu/bd2 = 2.817 MPa Design Moment = 3728 kN-m
Hence provide 30 Nos. 25 dia Ast = 14726.2 mm2
Total ultimate compressive force = 6403 kN Total ultimate tensile force = 6403 kN
> 3728 Hence O.K.
Shear Design
VRd.s = VED - Vccd - Vtd = 2571.1 kN
z= 629 mm Asv/s required VRD.S/(zxfywd) = 8.18 mm
(ASW/sbw=0.072*sqrt(fck)/fyk)
Minimum Spacing required Asv/s (minimum ) = 2.705 mm
Hence Provide 8 -L 12 dia Stirrups @ 100 c/c
Asv, provided = 904.78 mm2 Asv/s provided = 9.048 mm
Hence O.K.

Corbal effect
Vu/bd = 1.36 N/mm2 < 5.15 N/mm2
Avf = Vu/(0.87xfsy) = 5910.6 mm2 < 9048 mm2
Af = M/(0.87xfsyx0.9d) = 14149.6 mm2 < 14726 mm2
(0.04xfc/fsy)xbxd/ = 6783.8 mm2 < Hence O.K.
The interface shear stress, Vedi <= the resisting capacity at the section, VRdi
Vedi = β Ved/zbi
Where, β = The ratio of longitudinal force in the new concrete and total longitudinal force
Ved = The tranverse shear force
z = Lever arm
bi = the width of interface
VRdi = µσn + ρfyd[µsinα+cosα] <=0.5vfcd fck = M45
µ = friction for rough surface = 0.7 fyd = 500 Mpa
σn = the minimum co existing normal stress < 0.6fcd = 0.00 Mpa
ρ = As/Aj where As is the area of reinforcement, Aj is the interface area
ν1 = Coeff accounting stress in compression chord = 0.60
α = the angle of the reinforcement to the interface = 90.00 degree
fcd = αcc*fck/γm where, αcc =0.67 and γm = 1.5 = 20.10 Mpa
Shear demand of Beam,VEd (kN) = 2571.12 kN

Ratio of Longitudinal forces (β) = 1.00
Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z (m) = 1298 mm
Interface Width bi ( mm) = 2800 mm
Design value of Shear Stress vEdi ( MPa) = 0.71 Mpa
Roughness Co-efficient, µ = 0.70
Stress caused by minimum external normal force = 0.0 Mpa
Minimum reinf.=0.15% of area of interface = 6720 mm2
Area of Reinforcement at interface, As (mm2/m) = 14726 mm2
Area of the joint, Ai (mm2) = 4480000 mm3
ρ = As/Aj = 0.00329
Strength reduction factor (n) = 0.60
Design shear resistance at the Interface(vRdi) = 1.15
Status with respect to the Interface Shear = Ok

6.0 Load Combination at base of foundation for bearing capacity calculation

6.1 Water at HFL
Bearing Level = 1191.435 m
Abut Cap top Level = 1190.965 m
Founding level = 1177.000 m
CG level of Live Load = 1196.000 m
CG level of superstructure = 1193.364 m
CG level of SIDL = 1195.025 m
Seismic data
Vertical coefficient for longitudinal seismic = 0.080
Horizontal coefficient -Longitudinal = 0.120
Vertical coefficient for tranverse seismic = 0.080
Multification Factor of Live load during seismic = 0.2
Multiplication factor of Seismic force transmitted by its substructure = 1.350
6.1.1 Load and Moment calculation about toe

SL. No. Description V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) eL (m) eT (m) ML (kN-m) MT (kN-
1 Dead load of Superstructure
5831.00 -4 -23324 0.00
Wt of Pedestal 28.00 -4.00 -112 0.00
Wt of abutment 18242.33 -145033 0.00
Wt of earth over fnd slab
39907.70 -366681 0.00
Total Dead load 64009.02 -535150 0.0
2 SIDL 1419.22 -4.00 -6206 0.00
3 Earth pressure 10091 3784 75442 28291
4 Live load Surcharge 2565.68 -26003
1361 12110 0.000
5 618.60 -4.00 -2474
Wind load on unloaded structure
107.59 618.60 1553 6710.3
320.68 -4.00 -1282.7
6 Wind load on loaded structure
75.83 320.68 1094.65321.5
7 Footpath Live load 124.45 -4.00 -497.80 591.1
8 Live load+ snow load - Normal case
1905.04 -4.00 -7620.15 950.28
Max. Longitudinal moment
504.60 0.00 14.43 14.43 7283.87 0.00
9 Live load +snow load - Seismic case
1065.01 -4.00 -4260.03 190.06
386.60 0.00 14.43 14.43 5580.57 0.00
10 Seismic force -Longitudinal direction
Dead load 629.75 1889.24 14.43 27271.2
Pedestal 3.02 4.54 13.97 63.3
Abutment 1012.21 1518.31 10.51 15961.8
SIDL 153.28 459.83 14.43 6637.6
Dynamic increment of Earth pr. 3416.95 39216.7
Total Seismic 1798.26 7288.87 89150.6
11 Seismic force - Tranverse direction
Dead load 629.75 944.62 16.36 15457.8
Pedestal 3.02 4.54 13.97 63.3
Abutment 1012.21 1518.31 10.51 15961.8
SIDL 153.28 229.91 18.02 4144.2
Live load 22.68 34.02 19.00 646.4
Total Seismic 1820.94 3516.7 45226
Seismic force of structure below ground level and scour level is not considered as per clause 219.6 of IRC:6-2014.

6.1.2 Summary of Load and Moment

a)Restoring Forces
Sl No. Type of loads V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) ML (kN-m)MT (kN-m)
1 Wt of abutment 18242 0.00 0.00 -145033 0.0
2 Dead Load 64009 0.00 0.00 -535150 0.0
3 SIDL 1419.22 0.00 0.00 -6206 0.00
4 Earth pressure 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0.00
5 Live load surcharge 2565.68 0.00 0.00 -26003 0.00
6 Footpath Live load 124.45 -498 591
7 Live load - Normal
Max. Tranverse moment 1905.04 0.00 0.00 -7620 950.3
8 Wind Load - unloaded structure
618.60 0.00 0.00 -2474 0.0
9 Wind Load - loaded structure
320.68 0.00 0.00 -1283 0.0
10 Live load - Seismic
11 Longitudinal seismic +ve1798.26
V 0.00 0.00 0 0.00
-ve V -1798.26 0.00 0.00 0 0.00
12 Tranverse seismic
Max. Tranverse moment +ve V 1820.94 0.00 0.00 0 0.0
Max. Tranverse moment -1820.94
-ve V 0.00 0.00 0 0.0
b) Overturning Forces
ML MT
Sl No. Type of loads V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN)
(kN-m) (kN-m)
1 Wt of abutment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 Dead Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 SIDL 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4 Earth pressure 0.0 10091.3 3784.2 75442.3 28291
5 Live load surcharge 0.0 1360.6 0.0 12109.5 0
Max. Tranverse moment 0.0 504.6 0.0 7283.9 0.0
0.0 107.6 618.6 1553.0 6710.3
8 Wind Load - loaded structure 0.0 75.8 320.7 1094.6 5321.5
Max. Tranverse moment 386.6 0.0 5580.6 0.0
10 Longitudinal seismic 7288.9 0.0 89150.6 0.0
11 Tranverse seismic 0.0 3516.7 0.0 45226
6.1.3 Load Combination As per Clause 706 of IRC:78-2014

1) Dead load of abutmwnt
2) Dead load of abutmwnt + Earth pressure
3) Dead load +Earth pressure
4) Dead load +SIDL+Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge
5) Dead load +SIDL+Earth pressure+wind load (unloaded structure)
6) Dead load +SIDL+Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge+wind load(loaded structure)
7) Dead load +SIDL+Live load +Earth pressure+LL surcharge+long seismic+0.3xTranv seismic+0.3x vertical seismic
8) Dead load +SIDL+Live load +Earth pressure+LL surcharge+0.3xLong seismic+Tranv seismic+0.3x vertical seismic
Wind on Wind on
Earth Live load Long. Tranv. vertical
Load Case DL SIDL LL unloaded loaded
Pressure surcharge Seismic Seismic seismic.
structure structure
1 1
Normal 2 1 1
Case 3 1 1 1
4 1 1 1 1 1
Wind 5 1 1 1 1
Case 6 1 1 1 1 1 1
Seismic 7 1 1 1 0.2 1 1 0.3 0.3
case 8 1 1 1 0.2 1 0.3 1 0.3
* live load factor for seismic case is 0.2 which is already multiplied in live load.

Summary of load & moments

Restoring Forces Overturning Forces
Load Case ML ML (kN-
V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) MT (kN-m) V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) MT (kN-m)
(kN-m) m)
1 18242 0 0 -145033 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 64009 0 0 -535150 0 0 10091 3784 75442 28291
3 65428 0 0 -541356 0 0 10091 3784 75442 28291
4 70023 0 0 -574979 950 0 11956 3784 94836 28291
5 66047 0 0 -543830 0 0 10199 4403 76995 35001
6 70344 0 0 -576262 950 0 12032 4105 95930 33612
7 67571 0 0 -550916 175 0 18741 4839 170174 41859
8 66492 0 0 -545715 175 0 18741 4839 170174 41859
9 67578 0 0 -542733 308 0 13639 7301 103862 73517
10 66485 0 0 -542733 308 0 13639 7301 103862 73517
6.2 Stability Check
Factor of Safety Normal case Wind/Seismic Case
Check against Sliding = 1.5 = 1.25
Check against Overturning = 2.0 = 1.50
Bearing pressure = 586.0 kN/m2 = 733 kN/m2
a) Check against Sliding

Vertical Load = W kN
Horizontal Long Active Force = EaL kN
Horizontal Tranverse Earth Force = EaT kN
Horizontal Active Force = sqrt(EaL^2+EaT^2) = Ea kN
Horizontal Passive Earth Force = Ep kN
Friction coefficient between soil and concrete (µ) = 0.50 Contact between soil & concrete
0.70 Contact between fissured rock & concrete
0.80 Contact between hard rock & concrete
Factor of Safety = Wsxµ/(Ea-Ep) < 1.50
(b) Check against Overturning

Restoring Moment due to vertical loads = Rw kN-m =sqrt(RaL^2+RaT^2)
Overturning Moment due to Earth pressure & force = Oa kN-m =sqrt(OaL^2+OaT^2)
Restoring Moment due to Horz. Passive Earth Force = Rp kN-m
Total Restoring Moment ( R) = Rw+Rp kN-m
Total Overturning Moment( O) = Oa kN-m
Factor of Safety = R/O < 2.00
(c) Check Bearing Pressure

Total Vertical Load = W kN
Total Restoring Moment = RaL kN-m
Total Overturning long Moment = OaL kN-m
Length of Abutment (L) = 15.25 m
Width of Abutment (B) = 13 m
Centre of Gravity of Vertical Load about Toe = (RaL-OaL)/L m
C.G. of Vertical Load about Centre of Base (eL) = (B/2-e) m < B/6
Total Overturning Tranverse Moment ( OT) = OaT kN-m
C.G. of Vertical Load about Centre of Base (eT) = (RaT+OaT)/B m
Base Pressure at heel = W/BxL-6xWxeL/(L^2xB)-6xWxeT/(LxB^2) > 0
Base Pressure at toe = W/BxL+6xWxeL/(L^2xB)+6xWxeT/(LxB^2) < Bearing pressure
a) Check against Sliding

Wsxµµ/
Load Case W EaL EaT Ea Ep µ Check
(Ea-Ep)
1 18242 0 0 0 0 0.70 Not Rqd. > 1.50 OK.
2 64009 10091 3784 10777 0 0.70 4.16 > 1.50 OK.
3 65428 10091 3784 10777 0 0.70 4.25 > 1.50 OK.
4 70023 11956 3784 12541 0 0.70 3.91 > 1.50 OK.
5 66047 10199 4403 11109 0 0.70 4.16 > 1.25 OK.
6 70344 12032 4105 12713 0 0.70 3.87 > 1.25 OK.
7 67571 18741 4839 19355 0 0.70 2.44 > 1.25 OK.
8 66492 18741 4839 19355 0 0.70 2.40 > 1.25 OK.
9 67578 13639 7301 15470 0 0.70 3.06 > 1.25 OK.
10 66485 13639 7301 15470 0 0.70 3.01 > 1.25 OK.

(b) Check against Overturning

Ra = Oa = (Ra+Rp)/
Load Case RaL RaT sqrt(RaL^2 OaL OaT sqrt(OaL^2 Rp Check
+RaT^2) +OaT^2)
Oa
1 -145033 0 145033 0 0 0 0 Not Rqd. > 2.00 OK.
2 -535150 0 535150 75442 28291 80572 0 6.64 > 2.00 OK.
3 -541356 0 541356 75442 28291 80572 0 6.72 > 2.00 OK.
4 -574979 950 574980 94836 28291 98966 0 5.81 > 2.00 OK.
5 -543830 0 543830 76995 35001 84578 0 6.43 > 1.50 OK.
6 -576262 950 576262 95930 33612 101649 0 5.67 > 1.50 OK.
7 -550916 175 550916 170174 41859 175246 0 3.14 > 1.50 OK.
8 -545715 175 545715 170174 41859 175246 0 3.11 > 1.50 OK.
8 -542733 308 542733 103862 73517 127248 0 4.27 > 1.50 OK.
9 -542733 308 542733 103862 73517 127248 0 4.27 > 1.50 OK.
(c) Check Bearing Pressure

Length of Abutment (L) = 15.25 m B/6 = 2.542 m
Width of Abutment (B) = 13 m B/6 = 2.167 m
Min. base
Load Base pr. at Heel Base pr. at Toe pr. at heel
W RaL OaL RaT OaT eL eT
Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) side
(kN/m2)
Valley Valley
Hill side Hill side
side side
1 18242 -145033 0 0 0 -0.325 0.000 104 104 80 80 104
2 64009 -535150 75442 0 28291 0.443 0.442 332 201 445 313 201
3 65428 -541356 75442 0 28291 0.504 0.432 330 199 461 330 199
4 70023 -574979 94836 950 28291 0.768 0.418 315 178 528 392 178
5 66047 -543830 76995 0 35001 0.557 0.530 342 179 488 325 179
6 70344 -576262 95930 950 33612 0.797 0.491 324 163 547 386 163
7 67571 -550916 170174 175 41859 1.990 0.622 172 -24 706 510 -24
8 66492 -545715 170174 175 41859 1.977 0.632 172 -23 694 498 -23
9 67578 -542733 103862 308 73517 1.131 1.092 361 17 664 321 17
10 66485 -542733 103862 308 73517 1.024 1.110 372 28 642 299 28
Tension
Actual Shifting of Shifting of Minimum Maximum
Tension length width along
Tension affected CG along CG along pressure at pressure
along length of width of
area (m2)
% of area Check area Length of Width of
ILL ITT
heel side at toe side
abutment (m) abutment
(m2) abutment abutment (kN/m2) (kN/m2)
(m)
Hill side Valley side
(a) (b)
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 104 80
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 332 445
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 330 461
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 315 528
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 342 488
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 324 547
0.68 0.00 1.59 0.54 99.7 >80%, O.K. 197.7 0.020 0.016 3812.3 2772.5 172 703
0.68 0.00 1.55 0.53 99.7 >80%, O.K. 197.7 0.020 0.016 3813.1 2772.9 173 692
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 100.0 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 361 664
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 100.0 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 372 642

b Valley side
Heel side Toe side
zero pr. Line 13.000
Effective pressure zone
a
11.500 3.750
15.250
Hill side
Plan showing abutment foundation and effective pressure zone
Tension zone
Effective pressure zone
Elevation showing effective pressure zone of abutment foundation
Max. base pressure Design base pressure

Maximum bearing capacity at Normal case = 528.0 kN/m2 = 528.0 kN/m2
Maximum bearing capacity at Wind case = 546.5 kN/m2 = 437.2 kN/m2
Maximum bearing capacity at Seismic case = 703.0 kN/m2 = 562.4 kN/m2
Design bearing capacity = 562.4 kN/m2 < 586 kN/m2

Hence O.K.

7.0 Design of Foundation slab

7.1 Ultimate limit state
Bearing Level = 1191.4 m
Abut Cap top Level = 1191.0 m
Founding level = 1177.0 m
CG level of Live Load = 1196.0 m
CG level of superstructure = 1193.4 m
CG level of SIDL = 1195.0 m
Seismic data
Vertical coefficient for longitudinal seismic = 0.080
Horizontal coefficient -Longitudinal = 0.120
Vertical coefficient for tranverse seismic = 0.080
Multification Factor of Live load during seismic = 0.2
Multiplication factor of Seismic force transmitted by its substructure = 1.350
7.1.1 Load and Moment calculation about toe

SL. No. Description V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) eL (m) eT (m) ML (kN-m) MT (kN-
1 Dead load of Superstructure
5831.00 -4 -23324 0.00
Wt of Pedestal 28.00 -4.00 -112 0.00
Wt of abutment 18242.33 -145033 0.00
Total Dead load 24101.33 -168469 0
2 Wt of earth over fnd slab39907.70 -366681 0.00
3 SIDL 1419.22 -6206 0.00
4 Earth pressure 10091 3784.2 75442 28291
5 Live load Surcharge 2565.68 -26003
1361 12110
6 618.60 -4.00 -2474
Wind load on unloaded structure
107.59 618.60 1553 6710.3
7 320.68 -4.00 -1282.7
Wind load on loaded structure
75.83 320.68 1094.6 5321.5
8 Footpath Live load 124.45 -497.8 591.1
9 Live load+ snow load - Normal case
1905.04 -4.00 -7620.15 950.28
504.60 0.00 14.43 14.43 7283.87 0.00
10 Live load - Seismic case
1065.01 -4.00 -4260.03 190.06
386.60 0.00 14.43 14.43 5580.57 0.00
11 Seismic force -Longitudinal direction
Dead load 629.75 1889.24 14.43 27271.2
Pedestal 3.02 4.54 13.97 63.3
Abutment 1012.21 1518.31 10.51 15961.8
SIDL 153.28 459.83 14.43 6637.6
Total Seismic 1798.26 7288.87 89150.6
12 Seismic force - Tranverse direction
Dead load 629.75 944.62 16.36 15457.8
Pedestal 3.02 4.54 13.97 63.3
Abutment 1012.21 1518.31 10.51 15961.8
SIDL 153.28 229.91 18.02 4144.2
Max. Longitudinal moment 22.68 34.02 19.00 646.4
Dynamic increment of Earth pr. 0.00 785.32 0.00 8952.7
Total Seismic 1820.94 0.00 3516.73 0.00 45226.2
Seismic force of structure below ground level and scour level is not considered as per clause 219.6 of IRC:6-2014.

7.1.2 Summary of Load and Moment

a)Restoring Forces
Sl No. Type of loads V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) ML (kN-m) MT (kN-m)
1 Wt of abutment 18242 0 0 -145033 0.0
2 Dead Load 24101 0.00 0.00 -168469 0.0
3 Earth Load 39908 0 0 -366681 0
4 SIDL 1419.22 0.00 0.00 -6206 0.00
5 Earth pressure 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0.00
6 Live load surcharge 2565.68 0.00 0.00 -26003 0.00
7 Footpath Live load 124.45 0.00 0.00 -498 591
618.60 0.00 0.00 -2474 0.0
320.68 0.00 0.00 -1283 0.0
12 Longitudinal seismic +ve1798.26
V 0.00 0.00 0 0.00
-ve V -1798.26 0.00 0.00 0 0.00
13 Tranverse seismic
Max. Tranverse moment +ve V 1820.94 0.00 0.00 0 0.0
Max. Tranverse moment-1820.94
-ve V 0.00 0.00 0 0.0
ML (kN- MT
m) (kN-m)
1 Wt of abutment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 Dead Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 Earth Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4 SIDL 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
5 Earth pressure 0.0 10091.3 3784.2 75442.3 28291
6 Live load surcharge 0.0 1360.6 0.0 12109.5 0.0
7 Footpath Live load
0.0 107.6 618.6 1553.0 6710.3
Max. Tranverse moment 386.6 0.0 5580.6 0.0
12 Longitudinal seismic 7288.9 0.0 89150.6 0.0
13 Tranverse seismic 0.0 3516.7 0.0 45226

3) Dead load +Earth pressure
7) Dead load +SIDL+Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge+long seismic+0.3xTranv seismic
8) Dead load +SIDL+Live load +Earth pressure+Live load surcharge+0.3xLong seismic+Tranv seismic
Wind on Wind on
Earth Live load Long. Tranv. vertical
Load Case DL Earth load SIDL LL unloaded loaded
Pressure surcharge Seismic Seismic seismic.
structure structure
Normal
1 1.35 1.5
Case
2 1.35 1.5 1.5
3 1.35 1.5 1.5
4 (a) 1.35 1.5 1.75 1.5 1.2 1.5
4 (b) 1 1.5 1 1 1.2 1.5
Wind 5 (a) 1.35 1.5 1.75 1.5 1.5
5 (b) 1 1.5 1 1 1.5
6 (a) 1.35 1.5 1.75 1.5 1.2 1.5 0.9
6 (b) 1 1.5 1 1 1.2 1.5 0.9
Seismic
case
7 (a) 1.35 1.5 1.75 1 0.2 1 1.5 0.45 0.45
7 (b) 1 1.5 1 1 0.2 1 1.5 0.45 0.45
7 (c) 1.35 1.5 1.75 1 0.2 1 1.5 0.45 0.45
7 (d) 1 1.5 1 1 0.2 1 1.5 0.45 0.45
8 (a) 1.35 1.5 1.75 1 0.2 1 0.45 1.5 0.45
8 (b) 1 1.5 1 1 0.2 1 0.45 1.5 0.45
8 (c) 1.35 1.5 1.75 1 0.2 1 0.45 1.5 0.45
8 (d) 1 1.5 1 1 0.2 1 0.45 1.5 0.45


(kN-m) m)
1 24627 0 0 -195795 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 92398 0 0 -777455 0 0 15137 5676 113164 42436
3 92398 0 0 -777455 0 0 15137 5676 113164 42436
4 (a) 100818 0 0 -830948 1425 0 17527 5676 138621 42436
4 (b) 91318 0 0 -767330 1425 0 12481 3784 100900 28291
5 (a) 95810 0 0 -792026 0 0 15298 6604 115493 52502
5 (b) 86310 0 0 -728407 0 0 10253 4712 77772 38356
6 (a) 101107 0 0 -832103 1425 0 17595 5965 139606 47226
6 (b) 91607 0 0 -768484 1425 0 12549 4073 101885 33080
7 (a) 100817 0 0 -801135 950 0 21801 5367 218874 48643
7 (b) 91317 0 0 -737517 950 0 21801 5367 218874 48643
7 (c) 100817 0 0 -801135 950 0 21801 5367 218874 48643
7 (d) 91317 0 0 -737517 950 0 21801 5367 218874 48643
8 (a) 100841 0 0 -801135 950 0 14148 9059 125266 96130
8 (b) 91341 0 0 -737517 950 0 14148 9059 125266 96130
8 (c) 100841 0 0 -801135 950 0 14148 9059 125266 96130
8 (d) 91341 0 0 -737517 950 0 14148 9059 125266 96130
7.1.4 Bearing Pressure
Length of Abutment (L) = 15.25 m
Width of Abutment (B) = 13.00 m
Base pr. at Toe
Base pr. at Heel (kN/m2)
(kN/m2)
Load Case W RaL OaL RaT OaT eL eT Valley side Hill side Valley side Hill side
1 24627 -195795 0 0 0 -0.325 0.000 140 140 108 108

2 92398 -777455 113164 0 42436 0.436 0.459 485 287 645 447
3 92398 -777455 113164 0 42436 0.436 0.459 485 287 645 447
4 (a) 100818 -830948 138621 1425 42436 0.758 0.435 459 255 762 558
4 (b) 91318 -767330 100900 1425 28291 0.327 0.325 471 332 589 451
5 (a) 95810 -792026 115493 0 52502 0.564 0.548 498 254 713 468
5 (b) 86310 -728407 77772 0 38356 0.087 0.444 510 331 539 361
6 (a) 101107 -832103 139606 1425 47226 0.776 0.481 468 241 779 552
6 (b) 91607 -768484 101885 1425 33080 0.348 0.377 479 318 606 445
7 (a) 100817 -801135 218874 950 48643 1.850 0.492 254 23 994 763
7 (b) 91317 -737517 218874 950 48643 1.945 0.543 224 -7 929 698
7 (c) 100817 -801135 218874 950 48643 1.850 0.492 254 23 994 763
7 (d) 91317 -737517 218874 950 48643 1.945 0.543 224 -7 929 698
8 (a) 100841 -801135 125266 950 96130 0.923 0.963 550 98 919 467
8 (b) 91341 -737517 125266 950 96130 0.922 1.063 520 68 854 402
8 (c) 100841 -801135 125266 950 96130 0.923 0.963 550 98 919 467
8 (d) 91341 -737517 125266 950 96130 0.922 1.063 520 68 854 402
Tension Maximum
Shifting of Minimum Maximum
width along Tension Actual Shifting of CG pressure
Tension length along CG along pressure at pressure
width of area affected area along Width of ILL ITT at heel
length of abutment (m) Length of toe side at toe side
abutment (m2) (m2) abutment side
abutment (kN/m2) (kN/m2)
(m) (kN/m2)
Hill side (a) Valley side (b)
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 140 108 108
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 485 447 645
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 485 447 645
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 459 558 762
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 471 451 589
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 498 468 713
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 510 361 539
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 468 552 779
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 479 445 606
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 254 763 994
0.16 0 0.42 0.03 198.2 0.001 0.001 3840.2 2790.7 224 698 928
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 254 763 994
0.16 0 0.42 0.03 198.2 0.001 0.001 3840.2 2790.7 224 698 928
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 550 467 919
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 520 402 854
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 550 467 919
0.00 0 0.00 0.00 198.3 0.000 0.000 3842.1 2792.0 520 402 854

7.1.5 Effective pressure on base slab At first center of box = 2.700 m

Tranverse width = 13.000 m
Heel side
Toe side
0.7 A B C D E
0.7
2.5 8.500
11.000 3.750
15.250
Wt.of base slab*1.35 23.625 kN/m2 23.625 23.625 kN/m2 23.625 kN/m2
Wt.of earth fill*1.5 487.4 kN/m2 487.4 122.6 kN/m2 122.6 kN/m2
Base pressure 140.1 kN/m2 117.2 116.1 kN/m2 108.3 kN/m2
Total pr. 370.9 kN/m2 393.8 30.0 kN/m2 37.9 kN/m2
Maximum pressure
Eff. Base
Avg. Base Avg. Base Eff. Base pr.
Base pr. at B Base pr. at Base pr. At Eff. Base pr. Bet. A pr. Bet. B
Load Case pr. at Heel pr. at Toe E for 1m strip
(kN/m2) C (kN/m2) D (kN/m2) & B (kN/m2) &C
'A' (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)
(kN/m2)
1 111 111 109 109 108 -87.2 -86.2 -37.8
2 384 420 543 550 604 108.8 29.6 450.3
3 384 420 543 550 604 108.8 29.6 450.3
4 (a) 364 422 621 632 720 118.1 -10.3 562.0
4 (b) 373 404 508 514 560 122.8 55.2 408.0
5 (a) 395 439 587 596 662 94.3 -2.0 507.0
5 (b) 404 420 475 478 502 99.0 63.5 353.0
6 (a) 370 430 631 643 732 110.9 -19.4 573.9
6 (b) 380 411 519 525 572 115.6 46.1 419.9
7 (a) 201 323 738 763 946 248.8 -19.9 775.5
7 (b) 177 292 684 708 881 276.3 22.6 711.3
7 (c) 201 323 738 763 946 248.8 -19.9 775.5
7 (d) 177 292 684 708 881 276.3 22.6 711.3
8 (a) 436 500 717 730 825 43.3 -97.2 666.5
8 (b) 412 469 663 674 760 70.8 -54.9 602.4
8 (c) 436 500 717 730 825 43.3 -97.2 666.5
8 (d) 412 469 663 674 760 70.8 -54.9 602.4
Maximum 276.3 63.5 775.5
Minimum -87.2 -97.2 -37.8
Minimum pressure At first center of box = 10.300 m

Eff. Base
Base pr. at B Base pr. at Base pr. At Eff. Base pr. Bet. A pr. Bet. B
(kN/m2) C (kN/m2) D (kN/m2) & B (kN/m2) &C
'A' (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)
(kN/m2)
1 29 42 86 89 108 -12.0 -40.5 -40.5
2 101 164 380 393 488 378.5 238.8 329.3
3 101 164 380 393 488 378.5 238.8 329.3
4 (a) 95 178 460 476 600 374.3 192.1 437.8
4 (b) 98 160 373 386 479 382.0 244.3 320.8
5 (a) 103 172 403 417 519 373.5 223.6 359.2
5 (b) 106 154 317 326 398 381.2 275.8 242.2
6 (a) 97 179 459 476 599 372.7 191.5 436.8
6 (b) 100 162 373 385 478 380.4 243.8 319.8
7 (a) 53 177 600 625 811 396.1 122.6 640.1
7 (b) 44 159 550 573 746 409.3 156.3 576.6
7 (c) 53 177 600 625 811 396.1 122.6 640.1
7 (d) 44 159 550 573 746 409.3 156.3 576.6
8 (a) 114 188 437 451 561 360.1 198.9 400.3
8 (b) 108 171 388 400 496 371.3 231.4 336.9
8 (c) 114 188 437 451 561 360.1 198.9 400.3
8 (d) 108 171 388 400 496 371.3 231.4 336.9
Maximum 409.3 275.8 640.1
Minimum -12.0 -40.5 -40.5
7.1.6 Calculation of moment & shear on base slab Depth of slab= 0.700 m
a) Toe slab 1m strip Eff. Depth = 0.615 m
0.8 3.80 3.80 3.80 0.8

Clear span = 3.200 m Max base presure Min base presure
Effective base pressure for 1m strip toe edge = 775.5 kN/m2 or -40.5 kN/m2
Transverse support moment =WL2/12 = 661.8 kN-m/m -34.5 kN-m/m
Transverse span moment =WL2/16 = 496.3 kN-m/m -25.9 kN-m/m
Longitudinal Cantilever moment =W l2/4 = 496.3 kN-m/m -51.8 kN-m/m
Transverse shear at distance d =0.55xwl = 584.3 kN/m 30.5 kN/m

b) Heel slab 1m strip

A-B Zone Maximum eff. base pressure = 409.3 kN/m2 -87.2 kN/m2
Longitudinal Cantilever moment =W l2/2 = 1279.0 kN-m/m -272.4 kN-m/m
Shear at distance d = 771.5 kN/m 53.6 kN/m
B-C Zone Maximum effective base pressure = 275.8 kN/m2 -97.2 kN/m2
(-ve) (+ve)
Ly/Lx
One Long edge discontinuous Coeff. Moment Coeff. Moment
Shorter Span Lx = 3.8 m 0.0570 227.0 0.0440 175.3
2.24
Longer Span Ly = 8.5 m 0.0370 147.4 0.0280 111.5
7.1.7 Check for ultimate strength of foundation slab in Flexure :-

Consider rectangular beam for design
1000 0.00350 15.63
2846 kN
225.84
NA NA
615
0.0060 2846 kN
a) Support moment
2
R = Mu/bd = 3.382 MPa Design Moment = 1279 kN-m
2
Mu,Lim/bd = 0.133xfck = 4.655 MPa Ast = 5478.5 mm2
Hence provide 25 dia @ 150 c/c Ast = 6545.0 mm2
25 dia @ 150 c/c > Hence O.K.
Flexure Design
Heel slab Toe slab
Description
A-B Zone B-C Zone Support Span Cantilever
(+ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve)
Moment 1279.0 272.4 227.0 175.3 661.8 496.3 496.3
Width 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000.00 1000.00 1000.00
Depth 615 615 590 590 595 595 615
R = Mu/bd2 3.38 0.72 0.65 0.50 1.87 1.40 1.31
pt 0.0089 0.0017 0.0015 0.0012 0.0046 0.0034 0.0032
Ast required for bending 5478.5 1043.7 904.5 694.6 2736.8 2015.2 1943.0
Ast required for shear 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Ast required 5478.5 1043.7 904.5 694.6 2736.8 2015.2 1943.0
1st layers 25 dia 16 dia 16 dia 16 dia 20 dia 20 dia 20 dia
Reinf provided 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c
2nd layers 25 dia 0 dia 0 dia 0 dia 20 dia 20 dia 16 dia
150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c
Ast provided 6545.0 1340.4 1340.4 1340.4 4188.8 4188.8 3434.8
Actual NA 226 46 46 46 145 145 119
Strain in steel 0.0060 0.0430 0.0411 0.0411 0.0109 0.0109 0.0147
Stress in steel 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8
Total tension = 2846 583 583 583 1821 1821 1493
Total compression 2846 583 583 583 1821 1821 1493
Difference of force 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Compressive force CG 94.0 19.2 19.2 19.2 60.1 60.1 49.3
Moment of resistance 1483 347 333 333 974 974 845
Factor of Safety 1.16 1.27 1.47 1.90 1.47 1.96 1.70
Pt 0.0106 0.0022 0.0023 0.0023 0.0070 0.0070 0.0056

c) Shear design
Hence, VRD= VRd.s
Toe slab
Design the section without shear reinforcement Design shear = = 584.3 kN
K= 1+sqrt(200/d)<=2.0 = 1.57 z = 521 mm
σCP = = 0.00 MPa
Reduction of shear force as per cl. No. 10.3.2 (5) of IRC:112-2011
αV = d= 615 mm β= αV /2d = 0.5
VRD,C = 309.9 kN > 584.33x0.5= 292.2 kN
Hence shear reinforcement Not required
Heel slab
p1 = Asl/bwd <=0.02 = 0.0106
VRD,C = 355.2 kN < 771.51x0.5= 385.8 kN
Hence shear reinforcement required
7.2 Servicebility limit State Method

a)Restoring Forces
Sl No. Type of loads V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) ML (kN-m) MT (kN-m)
1 Wt of abutment 18242.3 0.0 0.0 -145033 0.0
2 Dead Load 64009.0 0.0 0.0 -535150.0 0.0
3 SIDL 1419.2 0.0 0.0 -6205.5 0.0
4 Earth pressure 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
5 Live load surcharge 2565.7 0.0 0.0 -26003.2 0.0
Max. Tranverse moment 1905.0 0.0 0.0 -7620.1 950.3
618.6 0.0 0.0 -2474.4 0.0
320.7 0.0 0.0 -1282.7 0.0
ML (kN- MT
m) (kN-m)
1 Wt of abutment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 Dead Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 SIDL 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4 Earth pressure 0.0 10091.3 3784.2 75442.3 28291
5 Live load surcharge 0.0 1360.6 0.0 12109.5 0.0
0.0 107.6 618.6 1553.0 6710.3

Load Combination for Rare Combination (SL1)
Service stage stage
3) Dead load +Earth pressure+SIDL

Load Combination for Quasi-permanent Combination (SL2)

9) Dead load +Earth pressure+SIDL
Wind on
Earth Live load Wind on unloaded
Load Case DL SIDL LL loaded
Pressure surcharge structure
structure
Rare Combination
1 1
2 (a) 1 1
3 (a) 1 1.2 1
3 (b) 1 1 1
4 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.8 1
4 (b) 1 1 1 0.8 1
5 (a) 1 1.2 1 1.0
5 (b) 1 1 1 1.0
6 (a) 1 1.2 1 0.8 0.75 1.0
6 (b) 1 1 1 0.8 0.75 1.0
6 (c) 1 1.2 1 0.8 1 0.6
6 (d) 1 1 1 0.8 1 0.6
Quasi-permanent Combination
7 1
8 1 1
9 (a) 1 1.2 1
9 (b) 1 1 1

(kN-m) m)
Rare Combination
1 18242 0 0 -145033 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 (a) 64009 0 0 -535150 0 0 10091 3784 75442 28291
3 (a) 65712 0 0 -542597 0 0 10091 3784 75442 28291
3 (b) 65428 0 0 -541356 0 0 10091 3784 75442 28291
4 (a) 69670 0 0 -571019 950 0 11684 3784 92414 28291
4 (b) 69386 0 0 -569778 950 0 11684 3784 92414 28291
5 (a) 66033 0 0 -543879 0 0 10167 4105 76537 33612
5 (b) 65749 0 0 -542638 0 0 10167 4105 76537 33612
6 (a) 69514 0 0 -570397 713 0 11634 4105 91687 33612
6 (b) 69230 0 0 -569156 713 0 11634 4105 91687 33612
6 (c) 69862 0 0 -571789 950 0 11730 3977 93071 31484
6 (d) 69578 0 0 -570548 950 0 11730 3977 93071 31484
7 18242 0 0 -145033 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 64009 0 0 -535150 0 0 10091 3784 75442 28291
9 (a) 65712 0 0 -542597 0 0 10091 3784 75442 28291
9 (b) 65428 0 0 -541356 0 0 10091 3784 75442 28291
7.2.2 Bearing Pressure

Base Width (B) = 15.25 m
Length of Abutment (L) = 13.00 m Base pr. at Heel Base pr. at Toe
Valley Valley
Load Case W RaL OaL RaT OaT eL eT Hill side Hill side
side side
Rare Combination
1 18242 -145033 0 0 0 -0.325 0.000 104 104 80 80
2 (a) 64009 -535150 75442 0 28291 0.443 0.442 332 201 445 313
3 (a) 65712 -542597 75442 0 28291 0.516 0.431 330 198 465 333
3 (b) 65428 -541356 75442 0 28291 0.504 0.432 330 199 461 330
4 (a) 69670 -571019 92414 950 28291 0.755 0.420 315 179 524 388
4 (b) 69386 -569778 92414 950 28291 0.745 0.421 315 179 521 385
5 (a) 66033 -543879 76537 0 33612 0.548 0.509 340 183 483 327
5 (b) 65749 -542638 76537 0 33612 0.536 0.511 340 183 480 323
6 (a) 69514 -570397 91687 713 33612 0.738 0.494 329 169 532 373
6 (b) 69230 -569156 91687 713 33612 0.728 0.496 329 169 529 369
6 (c) 69862 -571789 93071 950 31484 0.773 0.464 321 170 535 384
6 (d) 69578 -570548 93071 950 31484 0.763 0.466 321 170 532 381

7 18242 -145033 0 0 0 -0.325 0.000 104 104 80 80
8 64009 -535150 75442 0 28291 0.443 0.442 332 201 445 313
9 (a) 65712 -542597 75442 0 28291 0.516 0.431 330 198 465 333
9 (b) 65428 -541356 75442 0 28291 0.504 0.432 330 199 461 330
Tension
Min. base Tension Actual Shifting of Shifting of
width along
pr. at heel length along Tension area affected CG along CG along
Load Case
side length of
width of
(m2)
% of area Check area Length of Width of
ILL ITT
abutment
(kN/m2) abutment (m) (m2) abutment abutment
(m)
1 104 0.00 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.0000 0.0000 3842.1 2792.0
2 (a) 201 0.00 0 0 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.0000 0.0000 3842.1 2792.0
3 (a) 198 0.00 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.0000 0.0000 3842.1 2792.0
3 (b) 199 0.00 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.0000 0.0000 3842.1 2792.0
4 (a) 179 0.00 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.0000 0.0000 3842.1 2792.0
4 (b) 179 0.00 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.0000 0.0000 3842.1 2792.0
5 (a) 183 0.00 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.0000 0.0000 3842.1 2792.0
5 (b) 183 0.00 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.0000 0.0000 3842.1 2792.0
6 (a) 169 0.00 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.0000 0.0000 3842.1 2792.0
6 (b) 169 0.00 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.0000 0.0000 3842.1 2792.0
6 (c) 170 0.00 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.0000 0.0000 3842.1 2792.0
6 (d) 170 0.00 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.0000 0.0000 3842.1 2792.0
7 104 0.00 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.0000 0.0000 3842.1 2792.0
8 201 0.00 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.0000 0.0000 3842.1 2792.0
9 (a) 198 0.00 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.0000 0.0000 3842.1 2792.0
9 (b) 199 0.00 0.00 0.00 100 >80%, O.K. 198.3 0.0000 0.0000 3842.1 2792.0
Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum

pressure at pressure at pressure at pressure at
Load Case
heel side heel side toe side toe side
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)
1 104 104 80 80
2 (a) 201 332 313 445
3 (a) 198 330 333 465
3 (b) 199 330 330 461
4 (a) 179 315 388 524
4 (b) 179 315 385 521
5 (a) 183 340 327 483
5 (b) 183 340 323 480
6 (a) 169 329 373 532
6 (b) 169 329 369 529
6 (c) 170 321 384 535
6 (d) 170 321 381 532
7 104 104 80 80
8 201 332 313 445
9 (a) 198 330 333 465
9 (b) 199 330 330 461
7.2.3 Effective pressure on base slab At first center of box = 2.700 m

Tranverse width = 13.000 m
Heel side
Toe side
0.7 A B C D E
0.7
2.5 8.500
11.000 3.750
15.250
Wt.of base slab 17.5 kN/m2 17.5 17.5 kN/m2 17.5 kN/m2
Wt.of earth fill 324.9 kN/m2 324.9 81.7 kN/m2 81.7 kN/m2

Maximum pressure
Eff. Base
Base pr. at B Base pr. at Base pr. at D Eff. Base pr. Bet. A pr. Bet. B
(kN/m2) C (kN/m2) (kN/m2) & B (kN/m2) &C
'A' (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)
(kN/m2)
1 104 100 87 86 80 -84.4 -75.9 63.5
2 (a) 305 324 386 390 418 28.1 -12.5 314.8
3 (a) 303 325 400 404 437 28.7 -19.8 333.6
3 (b) 303 325 398 402 434 28.6 -18.6 330.5
4 (a) 287 321 437 444 496 38.5 -36.8 389.6
4 (b) 287 321 435 442 492 38.4 -35.6 386.5
5 (a) 307 331 411 415 451 23.6 -28.2 346.7
5 (b) 307 330 408 413 447 23.5 -26.9 343.5
6 (a) 295 329 442 449 499 30.2 -43.2 393.4
6 (b) 296 329 440 447 496 30.1 -42.0 390.2
6 (c) 289 325 444 451 504 35.5 -41.8 397.4
6 (d) 290 324 442 449 500 35.4 -40.6 394.3
Maximum 38.5 -12.5 397.4
Minimum -84.4 -75.9 63.5
7 104 100 87 86 80 -84.4 -75.9 -18.2
8 305 324 386 390 418 28.1 -12.5 314.8
9 (a) 303 325 400 404 437 28.7 -19.8 333.6
9 (b) 303 325 398 402 434 28.6 -18.6 330.5
Maximum 28.7 -12.5 333.6
Minimum -84.4 -75.9 -18.2
Minimum pressure At first center of box = 10.300 m

Eff. Base
Base pr. at B Base pr. at Base pr. at D Eff. Base pr. Bet. A pr. Bet. B
(kN/m2) C (kN/m2) (kN/m2) & B (kN/m2) &C
'A' (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)
(kN/m2)
1 104 100 87 86 80 -84.4 -75.9 -18.2
2 (a) 228 247 309 313 341 105.1 64.5 237.8
3 (a) 226 248 323 327 360 105.7 57.2 256.6
3 (b) 226 248 320 325 357 105.6 58.4 253.5
4 (a) 207 241 358 365 416 118.1 42.8 310.0
4 (b) 208 241 356 362 413 118.0 44.0 306.9
5 (a) 216 239 319 324 359 115.1 63.3 255.2
5 (b) 216 239 317 321 356 115.0 64.5 252.0
6 (a) 202 235 349 356 406 123.7 50.2 299.9
6 (b) 202 235 347 353 403 123.6 51.4 296.8
6 (c) 201 236 356 363 415 123.7 46.5 309.2
6 (d) 202 236 353 360 412 123.6 47.7 306.0
Maximum 123.7 64.5 310.0
Minimum -84.4 -75.9 -18.2
7 104 100 87 86 80 -84.4 -75.9 -18.2
8 228 247 309 313 341 105.1 64.5 237.8
9 (a) 226 248 323 327 360 105.7 57.2 256.6
9 (b) 226 248 320 325 357 105.6 58.4 253.5
Maximum 105.7 64.5 256.6
Minimum -84.4 -75.9 -18.2
7.1.6 Calculation of moment & shear on base slab Depth of slab= 0.700 m
a) Toe slab 1m strip Eff. Depth = 0.615 m
0.8 3.80 3.80 3.80 0.8

Clear span = 3.200 m Rare Combination Quasi-permanent Combination
Maximumminimum effective base pressure for 1m strip toe edge = 397.4 kN/m2 or 333.6 kN/m2
Transverse support moment =WL2/12 = 339.1 kN-m/m 284.7 kN-m/m
Transverse span moment =WL2/16 = 254.4 kN-m/m 213.5 kN-m/m
Longitudinal Cantilever moment =W l2/4 = 254.4 kN-m/m 213.5 kN-m/m
Transverse shear at distance d = 0.55xwl = 299.5 kN/m 477.1 kN/m

b) Heel slab 1m strip

A-B Zone Maximum eff. base pressure = 123.7 kN/m2 105.7 kN/m2
Longitudinal Cantilever moment =W l2/2 = 386.7 kN-m/m 330.4 kN-m/m
Shear at distance d = 233.2 kN/m -65.0 kN/m
B-C Zone Maximum effective base pressure = 64.5 kN/m2

(-ve) (+ve)
Ly/Lx
Shorter Span Lx = 3.80 m 0.0570 53.1 0.0440 41.0
2.24
Longer Span Ly = 8.5 m 0.0370 34.5 0.0280 26.1
Quasi-permanent Combination Maximum effective base pressure = 64.5 kN/m2
(-ve) (+ve)
Ly/Lx
Shorter Span Lx = 3.80 m 0.0570 53.1 0.0440 41.0
2.24
Longer Span Ly = 8.5 m 0.0370 34.5 0.0280 26.1
7.3. Servicebility limit State Method

7.3.1. Flexure member At toe Design moment = 386.7 kN-m
Bending Compression of concrete = 16.80 Mpa fctm = Mean tensile strength of concrete = 1.94 Mpa
E of reinforcement = 200000 MPa E of concrete = 32308 MPa
Creep Coefficient, φ = 1 Ec, eff =Ecm /(1+φ) = 16154 MPa
Modular ratio =Es/Ecm = 12.38 Tensile stress of steel = 400 Mpa
Width of Section = 1000 mm Depth of Section = 700 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm Effective depth, d = 615 mm
Minimum reinforcement 0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd = 799.50 mm2
25 dia @ 150 c/c > Hence O.K.
Balanced neutral axis depth = = 210.39 mm Actual neutral axis depth = 244.91 mm
Strain in steel = 0.00055 MPa Stress in steel = 110.8 MPa
Comp. stress of concrete = 5.92 Mpa
Stress-strain diagram at Serviceability Limit State condition
0.00037 5.92
724.98
245
NA NA
110.77
0.00055
Total compressive force = 725.0 kN Total tensile force = 725.0 kN

Compressive force CG = 81.6 mm Moment of resistance = 386.7 kNm
Rare Combination
Heel slab Toe slab
Description
A-B Zone B-C Zone Support Span
Cantilever
(+ve) (-ve) (-ve)
h or D 700 700 700 700 700 700
b 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
d 615 590 590 595 595 615
Moment 386.68 53.13 34.49 339.15 254.36 254.36
Reinf provided 25 dia 16 dia 16 dia 20 dia 20 dia 20 dia
150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c
25 dia 0 dia 0 dia 20 dia 20 dia 16 dia
150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c
Ast provided 6545.0 1340.4 1340.4 4188.8 4188.8 3434.8
Stress in concrete 5.9 1.6 1.0 6.4 4.8 4.9
Actual NA 245 124 124 202 202 190
Stress in steel 110.8 72.3 46.9 153.4 115.1 134.2
Total ultimate tensile force = 725 97 63 643 482 461
Total ultimate compressive force 725 97 63 643 482 461
Difference of force 0 0 0 0 0 0
Compressive force CG 81.6 41.4 41.4 67.3 67.3 63.4
Moment of resistance 387 53 34 339 254 254
Diff. of moment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Heel slab Toe slab
(+ve) (-ve) (-ve)
700 700 700 700 700 700
1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
615 590 590 595 595 615
330.36 53.10 34.47 284.70 213.52 213.52
150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c
150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c
6545.0 1340.4 1340.4 4188.8 4188.8 3434.8
5.1 1.6 1.0 5.3 4.0 4.1
245 124 124 202 202 190
94.6 72.2 46.9 128.8 96.6 112.7
619 97 63 540 405 387
619 97 63 540 405 387
0 0 0 0 0 0
81.6 41.4 41.4 67.3 67.3 63.4
330 53 34 285 214 214
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
7.3.2. Check for crack width Check crack width As per IRC : 112-2011
Crack width, Wk = Sr,max * (εsm-εcm)
Where, εsm-εcm = (σsc-kt*fct,eff/ρp,eff*(1+αe*ρp,eff))/Es >= 0.6σsc/Es
σsc = 46.88 Mpa αe =Es/Ecm = 6.190
kt = 0.5 hc,eff=min of [2.5(h-d),(h-x/3),h/2]= 212.5 mm
Ac,eff =b*hc,eff ρp,eff = As/Ac,eff = 0.006
fct,eff = = 1.29 Mpa εsm-εcm = 0.00014
>= 0.6σsc/Es= 0.00014
Sr,max =3.4c+0.425*k1*k2*φ/ρp,eff Where, c = 75 mm 100 mm
k1 = 0.8
φeq=(n1*φ1^2+n2*φ2^2)/((n1*φ1+n2*φ2) = 16.000 mm k2 = 0.5
Sr,max = 686.2 mm Crack width, Wk = = 0.097 mm < 0.3 mm OK
Heel slab Toe slab
Description
(+ve) (-ve) (-ve)
Stress in steel, σs 94.6 72.2 46.9 128.8 96.6 112.7
As 6545.0 1340.4 1340.4 4188.8 4188.8 3434.8
Actual NA 245 124 124 202 202 190
hc,eff 212.5 275.0 275.0 262.5 262.5 212.5
ρp,eff 0.031 0.005 0.005 0.016 0.016 0.016
εsm-εcm 0.00035 0.00022 0.00014 0.00042 0.00029 0.00034
Cover in mm 75 75 50 75 50 70
φeq 25.0 16.0 16.0 20.0 20.0 18.2
Crack spacing Sr,max 393.0 813.0 813.0 468.1 468.1 446.6
Crack width, Wk 0.137 0.176 0.114 0.197 0.136 0.153
Check <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K.<0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K.
Tranverse Reinforcement
Minimum main reinf. 0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd = 799.5 mm2/m
As per clause 16.6.1.1 (3) of IRC-112:2011, minimum tranverse reinforcement is 20% of main reinforcement.
Minimum tranverse reinforcement Longitudinal direction = 6545.0 mm2/m
Tranverse direction = 1309.0 mm2/m
Hence provide 16 dia @ 150 c/c Ast provided = 1340.4 mm2
Hence OK.

8.0 Design of Wall and counterfort

8.1 Ultimate limit state
8.1.1 Moment & shear of toe side counterfort
Spacing of central counterfort = 3.800 m
Spacing of Edge counterfort = 2.700 m
Cantilever span = 3.75 m
Effective shear shall be checked at distance d. As depth of member is high, 60% of total shear at face is considered for design.
Edge counterfort Middle counterfort
Base pr. At
Base pr. at Moment Shear Moment Shear
Load Case E Toe
D (kN/m2) (kN-m) (kN) (kN-m) (kN)
(kN/m2)
1 85 85 1612 517 2269 727
2 404 458 8344 2616 11744 3681
3 404 458 8344 2616 11744 3681
4 (a) 486 574 10337 3219 14549 4531
4 (b) 368 414 7571 2376 10656 3344
5 (a) 450 516 9376 2934 13195 4129
5 (b) 332 356 6610 2091 9302 2942
6 (a) 497 586 10557 3288 14858 4628
6 (b) 379 426 7791 2445 10965 3441
7 (a) 617 800 14027 4303 19741 6056
7 (b) 561 734 12847 3936 18080 5539
7 (c) 617 800 14027 4303 19741 6056
7 (d) 561 734 12847 3936 18080 5539 considered 50 % earth pr.
8 (a) 583 679 12289 3835 17296 5398
8 (b) 528 614 11111 3469 15638 4882
8 (c) 583 679 12289 3835 17296 5398
8 (d) 528 614 11111 3469 15638 4882
8.1.2 Moment & shear of heel side counterfort, vertical wall

0.0 kN/m2 6.4 kN/m2
3.500
4.635
17.1 12.800
8.165
2
60.5 kN/m
2 2
A 67.9 kN/m 6.4 kN/m
9.000 h/4 or clear span-D/2 = 3.0
2 2
5.000 73.11 kN/m 6.4 kN/m
11.500 3.75 94.5 kN/m2 6.4 kN/m2

Earth pressure Live load surcharge
Spacing of each counterfort = 3.8 m Clear span = 3.200
L= 8m H= 17.1 m L/H = 0.468
Edge counterfort Span= 8.00 m Height = 17.10 m
For cantilever moment h/4 or clear span-D/2 = Span= 7.40 m
2 2
Earth pressure at base = 73.1 kN/m Earth pr. at end of cantilever = 60.5 kN/m
Edge counterfort Middle counterfort Vertical wall Edge counterfort wall
Tranv. Tranv. Tranv.
Pressure Vertical Tranv. Span Vertical
Load Pressure at Moment Shear Moment Shear Support Support Span
at A moment (kN- moment moment
Case Top (kN/m2) (kN-m) (kN) (kN-m) (kN) moment (kN- moment moment
(kN/m2) m/m) (kN-m/m) (kN-m/m)
m/m) (kN-m/m) (kN-m/m)
Earth pr. 67.9 0.0 7050 826 14101 1652 106.0 61.9 51.6 333.6 322.7 193.6
LL surcharge
6.4 6.4 991 155 1983 310 27.7 6.5 5.44 29.1 34.0 20.38
For ULS Earth pressure factor = 1.5 Live load surcharge = 1.2
For SLS Earth pressure factor = 1.0 Live load surcharge = 0.8

Combined effect
Edge counterfort Middle counterfort Vertical wall Edge counterfort wall
Tranv. Tranv. Tranv.
Vertical Tranv. Span Vertical
Moment Shear Moment Shear Support Support Span
Load Case moment moment moment (kN-
(kN-m) (kN) (kN-m) (kN) moment (kN- moment moment
(kN-m/m) (kN-m/m) m/m)
m/m) (kN-m/m) (kN-m/m)
ULS 11765 1425 23531 2850 192 101 84 535 525 315
SLS 7844 950 15687 1900 128 67 56 357 350 210
Quasi- permanent
7050 826 14101 1652 106 62 52 334 323 194
8.1.3 Check for ultimate strength of foundation slab in Flexure :-

Consider rectangular beam for design
600 0.00350 15.63
6294 kN
832.55
NA NA
4858
0.0169 6294 kN
a) Support moment
2
R = Mu/bd = 1.394 MPa Design Moment = 19741 kN-m
> Hence O.K.
Flexure Design
Description Toe counterfort Heel counterfort Vertical front wall Edge counterfort wall
Edge Middle Edge Middle Vertical Horz. SupportHorz. Span Vertical Horz. Support
Horz. Span
Moment 14026.8 19741.4 11765.4 23530.9 192 101 84 535 525 315
Width 600 600 600 600 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
Overall depth 5000 5000 11500 9000 500 500 500 600 600 600
Effective Depth 4865 4833 11390 8858 440 442 442 542 542 542
R = Mu/bd2 0.99 1.41 0.15 0.50 0.99 0.52 0.43 1.82 1.79 1.07
pt 0.0023 0.0034 0.0003 0.0012 0.0024 0.0012 0.0010 0.0045 0.0044 0.0026
Minimum Ast required 3794.7 3769.7 8884.2 6909.2 572.0 574.6 574.6 704.6 704.6 704.6
Ast required for bending 6858.7 9870.7 2386.7 6210.9 1040.0 533.2 443.0 2425.8 2374.4 1386.1
Ast required for shear 11104.7 15628.9 3678.0 7356.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Ast required 11104.7 15628.9 8884.2 7356.0 1040.0 574.6 574.6 2425.8 2374.4 1386.1
Reinf provided 1st layers 5 Nos 5 Nos 5 Nos 5 Nos 16 dia 16 dia 16 dia 25 dia 25 dia 25 dia
32 dia 32 dia 32 dia 32 dia 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c
2nd layers 5 Nos 5 Nos 5 Nos 5 Nos 12 dia 0 dia 0 dia 20 dia 20 dia 0 dia
32 dia 32 dia 32 dia 32 dia 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c
3rd layers 2 Nos 8 Nos 0 Nos 12 Nos
32 dia 32 dia 32 dia 32 dia
Ast provided 9651.0 14476.5 8042.5 17693.4 2094.4 1340.4 1340.4 5366.9 5366.9 3272.5
Actual NA 555 833 463 1018 72 46 46 185 185 113
Strain in steel 0.0272 0.0168 0.0827 0.0270 0.0178 0.0299 0.0299 0.0067 0.0067 0.0133
Stress in steel 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8
Total tension = 4196 6294 3497 7693 911 583 583 2333 2333 1423
Total compression 4196 6294 3497 7693 911 583 583 2333 2333 1423
Difference of force 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Compressive force CG 230.9 346.3 192.4 423.3 30.1 19.2 19.2 77.0 77.0 47.0
Moment of resistance 19445 28240 39155 64886 373 246 246 1085 1085 704
Factor of Safety 1.39 1.43 3.33 2.76 1.94 2.45 2.93 2.03 2.07 2.24
Pt 0.0033 0.0050 0.0012 0.0033 0.0048 0.0030 0.0030 0.0099 0.0099 0.0060
Note : considering the other reinforcement in tension zone, minimum reinforcement criteria shall be satisfied.

c) Shear design
Hence, VRD= VRd.s
K= 1+sqrt(200/d)<=2.0 = 1.20 z = 4512 mm
σCP = = 0.00 MPa VRD,C = 1003.0 kN
Hence shear reinforcement required < 6056.2 kN
Design the section with shear reinforcement
Max VEd = 0.5bwdvfcd v= 0.6*(1 - fck/310)
Max Ved = 12127.0 kN > 6056.2 kN Hence O.K.
Design Tensile stress in stirrups (fywd= 0.8fyk/γm) = 347.8 Mpa
VRd,s = Asw / s. z. fywd cot θ by yielding of the Vertical reinforcement
VRd,max = acw bw z v1 fcd / (cot θ + tan θ) by Crushing of Compression strut
Concrete Strength (fcd) = 15.6 Mpa Coeff accounting stress in compression chord n1 = 0.60
The maximum effective cross sectional shear reinforcement, Aswmax for Cotφ =1
VRD,S = VRd,max (Asw/s) z fywd Cotθ ≤ acw bw z v1 fcd / (cot θ + tan θ)
For, Cotθ =1 (Asw/s) fywd ≤ 1/2 acw bw v1 fcd
acw = 1 Asw/s ≤ 1/2 acw bw v1 fcd/fywd ≤ 8.09 mm
Minimum Asw/s required (ASW /sbw=0.072*sqrt(fck)/fyk) = 0.511 mm
Hence Provide 2 -L 16 Stirrups @ 150 c/c
0 -L 16 Stirrups @ 150 c/c
Asv, provided = 402.12 mm2 Asv/s, provided = 2.681 mm
Shear resistance provided by reinf V RD,S = (Asw/s) z fywd Cotθ
Shear capacity of compression strut V RD,max = acw bw z v1 fcd / (cot θ + tan θ)
V RD,S = 9440.5 kN Assume, θ = 24.02 degree
V RD,max = 9440.5 kN V RD,S - V RD,max = 0.0 kN
Shear design Toe Counterfort Heel counterfort
Description Edge Middle Edge Middle
Prestress Force after all losses (kN) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Design Shear Force of the concrete (kN) 4303.1 6056.2 1425.2 2850.5
Shear demand of Beam (kN) 4303.1 6056.2 1425.2 2850.5
Width of beam, b (mm) 600 600 600 600
Effective depth, d 4865 4833 11390 8858
Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z (m) 4634 4487 11198 8435
K= 1.20 1.20 1.13 1.15
vmin = 0.24 0.24 0.22 0.23
p1 = 0.0033 0.0050 0.0012 0.0033
VRD,C= 878.08 999.93 1510.55 1532.48
Shear reinf. Shear reinf. Shear reinf. Shear reinf.
Check required required Not required required
Minimum area of Shear reinf. reqd Asw/s (mm2/mm) 0.511 0.511 0.511 0.511
2L- 2L- 2L- 2L-
Shear Reinforment
16 dia 16 dia 16 dia 16 dia
provided
150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c 150 c/c
Area of shear reinforcement provided (mm) 402.12 402.12 402.12 402.12
Area of shear reinf provided Asw/s (mm2/mm) 2.681 2.681 2.681 2.681
Angle of compression strut θ (degrees) 24.02 24.02 24.02 24.02
Shear resistance provided by reinf V RD,s (kN) 9697 9388 23431 17649
Coeff accounting stress in comp chord αcw 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
Shear capacity of compression strut V RD,max (kN) 9697 9388 23431 17649
Difference in shear resistance (kN) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Shear capacity of the Section (kN) 9697 9388 23431 17649
Factor of Safety associated with failure 2.25 1.55 16.44 6.19
Longitudinal tensile force ∆Ftd (kN) 4828 6795 1599 3198
Area of steel required for shear due stut & tie model 11105 15629 3678 7356

8.2 Servicebility limit State Method

8.2.1 Moment
Base pr. at Middle
Base pr. at Edge beam
Load Case Toe beam (kN-
C (kN/m2) (kN-m)
(kN/m2) m)
Rare Combination
1 69 63 1228 1728
2 (a) 291 318 5871 8262
3 (a) 305 338 6208 8737
3 (b) 303 335 6152 8658
4 (a) 345 396 7202 10135
4 (b) 343 393 7145 10056
5 (a) 316 351 6447 9074
5 (b) 314 348 6391 8995
6 (a) 350 400 7277 10242
6 (b) 348 397 7221 10163
6 (c) 352 404 7345 10338
6 (d) 349 401 7289 10258
7 69 63 1228 1728
8 291 318 5871 8262
9 (a) 305 338 6208 8737
9 (b) 303 335 6152 8658
8.2.2. Servicebility limit State Method
Flexure member Design moment = 10337.6 kN-m
Bending Compression of concrete = 16.80 Mpa fctm = Mean tensile strength of concrete
= 1.94 Mpa
E of reinforcement = 200000 MPa E of concrete = 32308 MPa
Creep Coefficient, φ = 1 Ec, eff =Ecm /(1+φ) = 16154 MPa
Modular ratio =Es/Ecm = 12.38 Tensile stress of steel = 400 Mpa
Width of Section = 600 mm Depth of Section = 5000 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm Effective depth, d = 4858 mm
Minimum reinforcement 0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd = 3789.24 mm2
> Hence O.K.
Balanced neutral axis depth = = 1661.9 mm Actual neutral axis depth = 1430.89 mm
Strain in steel = 0.00081 MPa Stress in steel = 163.0 MPa
Comp. stress of concrete = 5.50 Mpa
Stress-strain diagram at Serviceability Limit State condition
0.00034 5.50
2359.62
1431
NA NA
163.00
0.00081
Section is under reinforced, Hence ok =
Total compressive force = 2359.6 kN Total tensile force = 2359.6 kN
Compressive force CG = 477.0 mm Moment of resistance = 10337.6 kNm
Rare Combination
Toe counterfort Heel counterfort Vertical front wall Edge counterfort wall
Edge Middle Edge Middle
Description Vertical Horz. SupportHorz. Span Vertical Horz. Support
Horz. Span
counterfort counterfort counterfort counterfort
h or D 5000 5000 11500 9000 500 500 500 600 600 600
b 600 600 600 600 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
d 4865 4833 11390 8858 440 442 442 542 542 542
Moment 7345 10338 7844 15687 128 67 56 357 350 210
Ast provided 9651.0 14476.5 8042.5 17693.4 2094.4 1340.4 1340.4 5366.9 5366.9 3272.5
Stress in concrete 4.5 5.5 1.4 2.9 5.1 3.1 2.6 7.2 7.1 5.0
Actual NA 1207 1427 1785 2204 127 106 106 210 210 173
Stress in steel 170.5 163.9 90.3 109.1 154.0 123.2 102.7 140.9 138.1 132.4
Total ultimate tensile force1646
= 2372 727 1931 323 165 138 756 741 433
Total ultimate compressive1646
force 2372 727 1931 323 165 138 756 741 433
Diff. of moment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Description Toe counterfort Heel counterfort Vertical front wall Edge counterfort wall
Edge Middle Edge Middle
Vertical Horz. SupportHorz. Span Vertical Horz. Support
Horz. Span
counterfort counterfort counterfort counterfort
h or D 5000 5000 11500 9000 500 500 500 600 600 600
b 600 600 600 600 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
d 4865 4833 11390 8858 440 442 442 542 542 542
Moment 6208 8737 7050 14101 106 62 52 334 323 194
Ast provided 9651.0 14476.5 8042.5 17693.4 2094.4 1340.4 1340.4 5366.9 5366.9 3272.5
Stress in concrete 3.8 4.7 1.2 2.6 4.2 2.9 2.4 6.7 6.5 4.6
Actual NA 1207 1427 1785 2204 127 106 106 210 210 173
Stress in steel 144.1 138.5 81.2 98.1 127.4 113.6 94.7 131.7 127.4 122.1
Total ultimate tensile force1391
= 2005 653 1736 267 152 127 707 684 400
Total ultimate compressive1391
force 2005 653 1736 267 152 127 707 684 400
Diff. of moment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
8.2.3. Check for crack width Check crack width As per IRC : 112-2011
Where, εsm-εcm = (σsc-kt*fct,eff/ρp,eff*(1+αe*ρp,eff))/Es >= 0.6σsc/Es
σsc = 138.51 Mpa αe =Es/Ecm = 6.190
Ac,eff =b*hc,eff ρp,eff = As/Ac,eff = 0.058
fct,eff = = 1.29 Mpa εsm-εcm = 0.00062
>= 0.6σsc/Es= 0.00042
Sr,max =3.4c+0.425*k1*k2*φ/ρp,eff Where, c = 91 mm 66 mm
= 50 mm 66.0 mm
k1 = 0.8
φeq=(n1*φ1^2+n2*φ2^2)/((n1*φ1+n2*φ2) = 32.000 mm k2 = 0.5
Sr,max = 264.1 mm Crack width, Wk = = 0.163 mm
< 0.3 mm OK
Toe Counterfort Heel counterfort Vertical front wall Edge counterfort wall
Description Edge Middle Edge Middle Vertical Horz. SupportHorz. Span Vertical Horz. Support
Horz. Span
Stress in steel, σs 144.1 138.5 81.2 98.1 127.4 113.6 94.7 131.7 127.4 122.1
As 9651.0 14476.5 8042.5 17693.4 2094.4 1340.4 1340.4 5366.9 5366.9 3272.5
Actual NA 1207 1427 1785 2204 127 106 106 210 210 173
hc,eff 337.5 417.5 275.0 355.0 150.0 145.0 145.0 145.0 145.0 145.0
ρp,eff 0.048 0.058 0.049 0.083 0.014 0.009 0.009 0.037 0.037 0.023
εsm-εcm 0.00063 0.00062 0.00032 0.00043 0.00039 0.00034 0.00028 0.00055 0.00053 0.00045
Cover 91 91 66 66 50 50 50 50 50 50
φeq 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 25.0 25.0 25.0
Crack spacing Sr,max 423.5 403.5 421.0 374.9 504.2 603.6 603.6 424.2 424.2 497.7
Crack width, Wk 0.268 0.249 0.135 0.162 0.194 0.206 0.171 0.234 0.225 0.223
Check <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K.
Tranverse Reinforcement for wall

Minimum main reinf. 0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd = 572.0 mm2/m
As per clause 16.6.1.1 (3) of IRC-112:2011, minimum tranverse reinforcement is 20% of main reinforcement.
Minimum tranverse reinforcement Longitudinal direction = 2094.4 mm2/m
Tranverse direction = 418.9 mm2/m
Hence OK.
8.3. Design of strut
Axial load in strut Compression = 1920.0 kN
Size of beam Width = 600 mm Depth = 1000 mm
Compressive stress 1920*1000/(600x1000) = 3.2 Mpa
< 15.63 Mpa
Minimum steel 0.4% of gross sectional area = 2400 mm2
Hence provide 20 Nos 16 dia and 2 L- 12 dia @ 150 c/c
8.4. Inner wall

Thickness of inner wall = 500 mm
Minimum steel 0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd = 650.0 mm2
Hence provide 12 dia @ 150 c/c bothways = 754.0 mm2

11.0 Design of Dirt wall

12.000 0.3 0.4
0.35
0.25
3.835 0.25
12.00
Elevation of Dirt wall Section of Dirt wall
11.1 Load Calculation

Dead load Weight (kN) Lever arm (m)
Dead load of slab = 157.50 -0.35 -55.13 kN-m
Dirt wall 18.41 x 25 = 460.20 0 0.00 kN-m
Bracket 1.35 x 25 = 33.8 -0.35 -11.81 kN-m
651.4 -66.94 kN-m
SIDL = 68.60 -0.35 -24.01 kN-m
Live load Span = 3.5 m
Total Load On Deck Load (kN) 50% Impact Total (kN) Reaction (kN) Horiz. Force(kN)
70R Tracked 536.11 0.125 603.12 301.56 107.22
Total 603.12 301.56 107.22
70R tracked load = 301.56 kN

Horz. bracking force = 107.22 kN
Frictional coefficient = 0.5
Horozontal force =µxRd or Hs/2 whicherever is more = 113.05 kN
Moment due to horizontal force = 288.43 kN-m
Earth Pressure
Earth pressure at top = 0 kN/m2 Earth pressure at top = 20.36 kN/m2
LL surcharge = 6.370 kN/m2
Force due to earth pressure = 468.42 kN Moment due to earth pressure = 754.49 kN-m
Force due to LL surcharge = 293.14 kN Moment due to LL surcharge = 562.11 kN-m
Ultimate limit state

1) Dead load +SIDL+Live load incl. braking & centrifugal force
Earth
Load Case DL SIDL LL LL surcharge
pressure
Normal 1 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 1.5 1.2
Case 1 (b) 1 1 1 1.5 1.2
Load
V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) ML (kN-m) MT (kN-m)
Case
1 (a) 1451.85 1223.98 0.00 2106.52 0.00
1 (b) 1172.39 989.77 0.00 1770.72 0.00
Size of Pier Long = 0.400 m

Tranv = 12.000 m
A, Area of pier = 4.800 m2
I, min = 0.064 m4
r, min = sqrt(I/A) = 0.115 m
Height of pier = 3.835 m
Only pier condition L 2.3L = 8.820 m
L/r = 76.388
< 50
Hence, this is short Column
Minimum percentage of longitudinal steel as per IRC 78:2000
= 0.3 %
Asc = 14400 mm2

Hence provide main reinforcement

1X 96 Nos. 12 T
1X 96 Nos. 16 T
10 T @ 150 c/c
Asc provided = 30159.29 mm2
Percentage of steel = 0.628 % Hence O.K
11.2 Design of Pier in Ultimate Limit State

1. Material data
[a] Concrete data (parabolic rectangular stress-strain relation)
Characteristic strength = 35.0 MPa E value of concrete = 32308 MPa
Peak strain at failure εcu2 = 0.0035 Strain at peak stress εc2 = 0.0020
Strength reduction α = 0.67 Partial factor of safety γc = 1.50
Design strength fcd = 15.61 MPa
[b] Reinforcement data (idealized elastic-perfectly plastic stress-strain relation)
Grade of steel = 500.0 MPa E value of steel = 200000 MPa
Partial factor of safety γs = 1.15 Design strength of steel fsd = 434.78 MPa
Yield strain of steel = 0.0022 Failure strain of steel = 0.1600
2. Geometric details
[a] Dimension detail of column
Actual column length = 3.83 m Effective length multiplier = 2.30
Width of wall = 12000 mm Thickness of wall = 400 mm
Radius of gyration, i = 115.5 mm
Effective length of col l e = 8.82 m Slenderness ratio λ = 76.39
[b] Reinforcement detail at column base
Diameter of long bars (L1) = 12.00 mm Number of long bars = 96
Diameter of long bars (L1) = 16.00 mm Number of long bars = 96
Area of long bars = 30159 mm2 Reinforcement % = 0.63 %
Diameter of spiral/hoop = 10.0 mm Spacing spiral/hoop S L = 150.0 mm
Mechanical reinf ratio ω = 0.175 Normalized force ratio nu = 1.175
Cover to stirrups/ties = 50.0 mm Effective diameter of reinf. 268 mm
3. Computation of Demand points incorporating second order effects

[a] Parameters for limiting slenderness ratio
λlim value is given by as per Eq 11.1 of IRC 112-2011
λlim = 20 * A * B * C / SQRT (n) A = 1/( 1+0.2*φef)
As per Eq A2-14, 15, 16 of IRC 112-2011
φef = effective creep ratio = φ(∞,o) * Moeqp/Moed Moeqp = BM in SLS Moed = BM in ULS
φ(∞,o) = φo* β (∞,0) φo = φRH * β(fcm) *β (t0) β (∞,0) =1
φRH = 1+ (1-RH/100)/0.1*h0^1/3 RH = relative humidity = 70 %
h0 = 2*Ac/u 387 mm φRH = 1.41
β(fcm) = 18.78/sqrt(fcm) 2.80 β (t0) = 1/(0.1+to^0.2) 0.488
to = age in days of loading = 28 days So, φ0 = 1.930
φ(∞,o) = φo* β (∞,0) 1.930
Moeqp = 1404.3 kNm Moed = 2106.5 kNm
So, φef = 1.29 So , A = 0.795
B = SQRT( 1+2w) 1.16 C = 1.7 - rm rm = 1

w= As*fyd/Ac*fcd = 0.175 C= 0.7
n= Ned/Ac*fcd 0.019 λlim = 20 * A * B * C / SQRT (n) 92.93

[b] Eccentricity due to slenderness

M2 = Ned * e2 Ned = Design Axial Force e2 = deflection = (1/r)*le^2/C
le = effective length = = 8.82 m C= 10
1/r = curvature = Kr* Kφ * 1/r0 kr= (nu-n)/(nu-nbal)<=1 ..Eq 11.9 of IRC 112-2011
nu = 1+w = = 1.175 n= NED/AcxfCD
nbal = = 0.4
Kφ = 1+ β * φ ef φ ef = = 1.29
β= 0.35+fck/200- = 0.016 The coefficient Kφ = 1.02
1/r0 = fyd/(Es*0.45*d) = 0.0169 1/m
[c] Design bending moment

Load M 0Ed n = N ed / M Ed
N Ed (kN) λ lim Kr e 2 (m)
case (kNm) (A c f cd ) (kNm)
1 (a) 1451.85 2106.52 0.02 92.93 1.00 0.000 2106.52
1 (b) 1172.39 1770.72 0.02 103.42 1.00 0.000 1770.72
d' = 56.000 d'/D = 0.140
Pt = 0.628 % Pt/fck = 0.018
[d] Capacity of bending moment
Load PU/ MU/ MU M Ed
N Ed (kN) Check
case fckbD fckbD^2 (kNm) (kNm)
1 1451.85 0.009 0.190 12768 > 2106.52 O.K.
2 1172.39 0.007 0.190 12768 > 1770.72 O.K.
11.3 Load Combination for Rare Combination (SL1)

1) Dead load +SIDL also for quasi-permanent combination
2) Dead load +SIDL+Live load
Earth
Load Case DL SIDL LL LL surcharge
pressure
Rare Combination
1 1.0 1.2
2 (a) 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.8
2 (b) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.8
Load
V (kN) HL (kN) HT (kN) ML (kN-m) MT (kN-m)
Case
1 733.77 0.00 0.00 -95.75 0.00
2 (a) 1738.27 815.99 0.00 1396.85 0.00
2 (b) 1724.55 815.99 0.00 1401.66 0.00
Load case 1
Load Data
Axial Force (P) 733.77 kN
Moment about major axis (M) 95.75 kN-m
Shear force 0.00 kN
Material Data
Grade of Concrete M35
Grade of Steel Fe500
Load Case Normal
Permissible axial compressive stress in concrete (σcc) 8.75 Mpa
Permissible bending tensile stress in concrete (σct) 1.29 Mpa
Permissible bending compressive stress in concrete (σcb) 16.80 Mpa
Permissible tensile stress in steel (σst) 400 Mpa
Es 200000 Mpa
Ecm 32308 Mpa
E ceff 16154 Mpa
Modular Ratio 12.38

Geometric data
Clear cover (d'') 50.00 mm
Effective cover (d'=d''+φ/2) (compression) 56.00 mm
Effective cover (d'=d''+φ/2) (tension) 58.00 mm
Width of column (B) 12000.00 mm
Depth of column (D) 400.00 mm
Bar Diameter (φ) 12.00 mm
Spacing of reinforcement 125.00 mm
Number of bars along width (compression) 96 Nos.
Reinforcement area (Ast) 10857.34 mm2
Spacing of reinforcement 125.00 mm
Number of bars along width (tensile) 96 Nos.
2
Reinforcement area (Ast) 19301.95 mm
Reinforcement % 0.63 (Ok)
Min reinforcement % 0.300
Properties of uncracked section
2
Cross-sectional area of uncracked section 5143235.00 mm
4
Moment of inertia of uncracked section 71117320858 mm
Calculated direct compressive stress (σco,cal) 0.14 Mpa
Calculated bending compressive stress (σcb,cal) 0.27 Mpa
Interaction formula :
σco,cal / σco + σcb,cal / σcb ≤ 1.0 0.03 (Ok)
Resultant compressive stress in concrete (σct,cal) -0.13 Mpa
Design the section as uncracked section
Properties of cracked section
Neutral axis depth (n) 252.04 mm
2
Effective area of cracked section 3387008.69 mm
Eccentricity of load from the centroid of the effective section 61.16 mm
Net eccentricity 69.33 mm
4
Effective moment of inetria of cracked section 27414057561 mm
Calculated distance of neutral axis below CGeff (ycal) 116.74 mm
Assumed distance of neutral axis below CGeff (yassumed) 113.19 mm
ycal-yassum 3.54
Stress at neutral axis 0.01

Check for stress

Compressive stress in concrete (σcbc) 0.47 Mpa < 16.80 (Safe)
Tensile stress in steel (σsbt) -2.03 Mpa < 400.00 (Safe)
Shear Stress 0.000 Mpa
Load case 2(a)

Load Data
Shear force 815.99 kN
Material Data
Grade of Steel Fe500
Load Case Normal
Permissible tensile stress in steel (σst) 400 Mpa
Modular Ratio 12.38
Geometric data
Number of bars along width (compression) 96 Nos.
Reinforcement area (Ast) 10857.34 cm2
Bar Diameter (φ) 16.00 cm
Number of bars along width (tensile) 96 Nos.
2
Cross-sectional area of uncracked section 5143235.00 cm
4
Moment of inertia of uncracked section 71117320858 cm
2
Calculated direct compressive stress (σco,cal) 0.34 kg/cm
2
Calculated bending compressive stress (σcb,cal) 3.93 kg/cm
2
Resultant compressive stress in concrete (σct,cal) -3.59 kg/cm

Design the section as cracked section

2
Effective area of cracked section 1713365.03 mm
4
Effective moment of inetria of cracked section 18452332239 mm
ycal-yassum -0.79
Stress at neutral axis -0.05
Check for stress
Shear Stress 0.17 Mpa (Safe)
Permissible Shear stress in concrete for 0.83% Reinf = 0.32 Mpa
Hence no shear reinforcement required.
Load case 2(b)

Load Data
Shear force 815.99 kN
Material Data
Grade of Steel M500
Load Case Normal
Permissible tensile stress in steel (σst) 400.00 Mpa
Modular Ratio 12.38
Geometric data
Number of bars along width (compression) 96.00 Nos.
Bar Diameter (φ) 16.00 cm
Number of bars along width (tensile) 96.00 Nos.
Cross-sectional area of uncracked section cm2
5143235.00
4
Moment of inertia of uncracked section 71117320858 cm
2
Calculated direct compressive stress (σco,cal) 0.34 kg/cm
2
Calculated bending compressive stress (σcb,cal) 3.94 kg/cm
2
Resultant compressive stress in concrete (σct,cal) -3.61 kg/cm

Design the section as cracked section

Effective area of cracked section 1710737.34 mm2
Effective moment of inetria of cracked section 18451652913 mm4
ycal-yassum -0.77
Stress at neutral axis -0.05
Check for stress
Shear Stress 0.17 Mpa
Permissible Shear stress in concrete for 0.83% Reinf = 0.32 Mpa (Safe)
11.4 Check for crack width Check crack width As per IRC : 112-2011
Where,
εsm-εcm = (σsc-kt*fct,eff/ρp,eff*(1+αe*ρp,eff))/Es >= 0.6σsc/Es
σsc = 2.03 Mpa αe =Es/Ecm = 6.190
Width 400.00 mm Ac,eff = 1680000 mm2
ρp,eff = As/Ac,eff = 0.0115
fct,eff = = 1.29 Mpa εsm-εcm = 6.1E-06
>= 0.6σsc/Es= 6.1E-06
Sr,max =3.4c+0.425*k1*k2*φ/ρp,eff Where, c = 50.0 mm
k1 = 0.8
φeq=(n1*φ1^2+n2*φ2^2)/((n1*φ1+n2*φ2) = 12.0 mm k2 = 0.5
Sr,max = 347.6 mm Crack width, Wk = = 0.002 mm
< 0.3 mm OK


Design of Abut A2 MNB8 R1

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Design of Abut A2 MNB8 R1

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Rambn-Banihal Section of NH-1A : Design Calculation of Hindustan Construction Company Limited

Abutment A2 of Minor Bridge-8

Detailed Design of Abutment & Foundation

1.3 Dimension details of abutment

1.4 Details of foundation

Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01

1.5 Details of wearing coat and backfill matterial

Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01

Abutment cap 0.80

Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01

2.0 Load calculation

1 Bearing 2 Wt of each bearing = 2 kN 4.0

2.2 Super Impose Dead Load from superstructure

2.3 Footpath Live Load from superstructure

Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01

2.5 Wind Load on structure

2.6 CENTRIFUGAL FORCE

2.7 Dead load Calculation of abutment

500 13265 1 Average Ground level = 1182.000 m

Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01

2.8 Load Calculation Unit wt of concrete for abutment 25 kN/m3

13 (11.5-1.27)x1.2x12 135.036 2565.68 10.135 26003.207

For calculation of Seismic force Level upto = 1182.000 m

Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01

2.9 Earth pressure calculation

vertical on the earth side = 0.00 radians

Summary of Force & moment due Earth pressure on abutment

Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01

Active earth pressure coefficient at Normal case Ka

z = zone factor = For Zone V = 0.36

Summary of Dynamic increment of Earth pressure on dirt wallMoment & abutment

Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01

Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01

Active earth pressure coefficient at Normal case Ka

z = zone factor = For Zone IV = 0.24

Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01

3.0 Live load calculation at normal case

3.1 MAXIMUM LONGITUDINAL MOMENT CASE

Rc (free bearing)= 1000+1000-1050.037 = 949.96 KN

Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01

(b) 1-lane Class 70R Tracked Loading

Rc (free bearing)= 700+700-921.367 = 478.63 KN

Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01

CG of all loads =9.091m

3.2 Summary of Live load Live Loads - Normal case

3.3 Snow load

Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01

3.4 Live load calculation at Seismic case

MAXIMUM LONGITUDINAL MOMENT CASE

Rc (free bearing)= 200+200-210.008 = 189.99 KN

Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01

(b) 1-lane Class 70R Tracked Loading

Rc (free bearing)= 140+140-184.274 = 95.73 KN

Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01

CG of all loads =9.091m

3.5 Summary of Live load Live Loads - Normal case

3.6 Snow load

Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01

4.0 Wind Loads on Structure

Average Height of superstructure =1194.8-1177+1.05-(3.3+1.05)/2 = 16.675 m

Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01

Summary of wind Force on superstructure

4.2 Wind load on loaded structure

Document No. 47501600/MNB-8/SUB/ABUT-A2/01