WHAT IS COMPUTER SYSTEM?

• The term computer system is used to

describe a device made up of a
combination of electronic and
electromechanical components.
• A complete working computer
 THE COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM

Physical tangible component of

Hardware the computer system.

Written programs or procedure

Software or rules and associated
documentation pertaining to the
operation of computer system

Peopleware A person who uses the

computer.
 THE OTHER COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER
SYSTEM

Data The facts and figures that are

fed into a computer for
further processing are called
data.

Procedures Procedure is a step by step

series of instructions to perform
a specific function and achieve
desired output.
 THE OTHER COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER
SYSTEM

Connectivity When two or more computers

are connected to each other,
they can share information
and resources such as sharing
of files (data/music etc.),
sharing of printer, sharing of
facilities like the internet etc.
The Computer
Hardware
Input
System Unit
Output
Storage
INPUT HARDWARE
These are the devices
use to enter data and
execute a command
Input Hardware

Keyboard
A computer keyboard is one of the
primary input devices used with a
computer that looks similar to those
found on electric typewriters, but with
some additional keys. Keyboards allow
you to input letters, numbers, and other
symbols into a computer that can serve
as commands or be used to type text.
DVORAK Keyboard

1936 by Dr. August Dvorak

QWERTY Keyboard

1868 by Christopher Sholes

 Input Hardware
This are the devices use to enter data and execute a
command

Mouse
A computer mouse is a handheld
hardware input device that controls
a cursor in a GUI and can move
and select text, icons, files, and
folders. For desktop computers,
the mouse is placed on a flat
surface such as a mouse pad or a
desk and is placed in front of your
computer.
Douglas Engelbart
 Input Hardware
This are the devices use to enter data and execute a
command

Trackball
An input device that looks
like an upside-down
mouse. The onscreen
pointer is moved by
the trackball with a thumb
or finger.
 Input Hardware
This are the devices use to enter data and execute a
command

Scanner

Scanner
a scanner or optical scanner
is a hardware input device
that optically "reads" and
image and converts it into a
digital signal.
 Flatbed
Scanner

A scanner that provides a flat, glass surface to hold a

sheet of paper, book or other object for scanning.
The scan head is moved under the glass.
 Sheetspread
Scanner

scans paper by feeding it into the scanner

 Handheld
Scanner

scans text and images by dragging the device over the

page you want to scan
 Card
Scanner

designed to scan business cards

 Input Hardware BACK

This are the devices use to enter data and execute a

command

Light pen
A light pen is a light-sensitive
pointing input device commonly
used to select or otherwise
modify text or data on a screen.
Used with a CRT monitor, these
devices were an early form of
manipulating and highlighting
data on the screen.
 Input Hardware BACK

This are the devices use to enter data and execute a

command

Digital camera
A digital camera is a
hardware device that
takes pictures like a
regular camera, but stores
the image as data on a
memory card instead of
printing it to film.
 Input Hardware BACK

This are the devices use to enter data and execute a

command

Microphone
Sometimes abbreviated
as mic, a microphone is
a hardware
peripheral and input device
that allows computer users
to input audio into their
computers.
 Input Hardware BACK

This are the devices use to enter data and execute a

command

Biometrics

Biometrics is the
identification of a
person by the
measurement of their
biological features.
 Input Hardware BACK

This are the devices use to enter data and execute a

command

Gamepad

Paddle
 Input Hardware BACK

This are the devices use to enter data and execute a

command

Joystick

Steering Wheel
 SYSTEM UNIT
Alternatively referred to as
a box or the main unit,
a system unit is the case that
contains all of the main parts
of a computer.
 PARTS OF
THE SYSTEM
UNIT
System unit

Motherboard
The Motherboard is
the computer’s circuit
board where all the
‘inside parts’ are
connected.
System unit: The
Motherboard
Central Processing Unit or Processor
CPU handles all instructions it
receives
from hardware and software
running on the computer.
System unit: The
Motherboard
Processor Slot
The processor socket is the
connector on the
motherboard that houses
the processor and forms the
electrical interface and
contact with the CPU.
 System unit: The
Motherboard
RAM

Random Access Memory (RAM) is a hardware device that

allows information to be stored and retrieved on a
computer. RAM is a volatile memory and requires power to
keep the data accessible. If the computer is turned off, all
data contained in RAM is lost.
System unit: The
Motherboard
RAM Slot

allows RAM (comp

uter memory) to be
inserted into the
computer.
System unit: The
Motherboard
CMOS Battery

Supplies power to
store BIOS settings
and keep the real-
time clock running.
 System unit: The
Motherboard
ROM

Read-Only Memory, ROM is a storage medium that

is used with computers and other electronic devices.
As the name indicates, data stored in ROM may
only be read. It is either modified with extreme
difficulty or not at all.
System unit: The
Motherboard
PCI Slots

an expansion slot is a connection or port located

inside a computer on the motherboard or riser
board that allows a computer hardware expansion
card to be connected.
System unit: The
Motherboard
Expansion
Cards

add-on card, expansion board, internal

card, interface adapter, or card, an expansion
card is a PCB that fits into an expansion slot on a
desktop computer. An expansion card is used to
give computer additional capabilities.
 LAN Card
LAN Card or Network
Interface Card, the NIC is
also referred to as
an Ethernet card and network
adapter. It is an expansion
card that enables
a computer to connect to a
network; such as a home
network, or the Internet
 Video Card
Alternatively known as a display
adapter, graphics card, video
adapter, video board, or video
controller, a video card is
an expansion card that connects
to a computer motherboard. It is
used to creates a picture on
a display; without a video card,
you would not be able to see this
page.
 Sound Card
Alternatively referred to as an audio
output device, sound board, or audio
card. A sound card is an expansion
card or IC for producing sound on a
computer that can be heard
through speakers or headphones.
Although the computer does not need
a sound device to function, they are
included on every machine in one
form or another,
System unit: The
Motherboard
SATA Connector

Connects to modern
hard disk drives, solid
state drives and
optical drives for data
transfer.
System unit

CD-ROM
Compact Disc-Read Only
Memory, a CD-ROM is
an optical disc which
contains audio or software
data whose memory
is read only.
System unit

Hard Disk Drive

is the main storage device of a
computer. All computers have a
hard drive installed in them, which is
used to store files for the operating
system, software programs, and a
user's personal files. A computer
cannot function without a hard drive
installed, as it requires one to
function properly.
System unit

Floppy Disk Drive

A Floppy Disk Drive, also
called FDD or FD for
short, is a computer disk
drive that enables a user
to save data to removable
diskettes
System unit
Ports
a hardware
port or peripheral port is a
hole or connection found on
the front or back of a
computer. Ports allow
computers
to access external devices
such as printers.
OUTPUT HARDWARE
is any peripheral that
receives data from a
computer, usually for
display, projection, or
physical reproduction.
Output Hardware

Monitor
a monitor is an output
device that displays video
images and text. A monitor is
made up of circuitry, a screen, a
power supply, buttons to adjust
screen settings, and casing that
holds all of these components.
Output Hardware

Printer
A printer is
an external hardware output
device that takes the
electronic data stored on a
computer or other device and
generates a hard copy of it.
 Dotmatrix
Printer

The term dot matrix refers to the process of using

dots to form an image. Uses an ink ribbon and a
print head with pins in printing
 Inkjet Printer

The most popular printer for home computer users that

prints by spraying streams of quick-drying ink on
paper. The ink is stored in disposable ink cartridges,
and often a separate cartridge is used for each of the
major colors. These colors are usually black,
red/magenta, green/cyan, and yellow
 Laser Printer

Laser printers are often used for corporate,

school, and other environments that require
print jobs to be completed quickly and in
large quantities.
LED Printer
 Plotter

A plotter is a computer hardware device much

like a printer that is used for printing vector
graphics. Instead of toner, plotters use a pen,
pencil, marker, or another writing tool to draw
multiple, continuous lines onto paper rather than
a series of dots like a traditional printer.
 Thermal
Printer
A thermal impact
printer or electrothermal printer is a
printer that uses heated pins to "burn"
images onto heat-sensitive paper.
Output Hardware

Headphones
are hardware output
device that either plug into
your computer line out or
your speakers to privately
listen to audio without
disturbing others.
Output Hardware

Speakers
A computer speaker is
a hardware device that
connects to a computer
to generate sound.
Output Hardware

Projector
A projector is an output
device that can take images
generated by a computer or
Blu-ray player and reproduce
them onto a screen, wall, or
other surface. Typically, the
surface projected onto is
large, flat, and lightly colored.
 STORAGE DEVICES
a storage device is
any hardware capable of
holding information either
temporarily or
permanently.
 Magnetic storage devices
magnetic storage is one of the most
common types of storage used with
computers. This technology found
mostly on extremely large HDDs
or hybrid hard drives.
Magnetic storage devices
Diskette
a disk is a hard or floppy round,
flat, and magnetic platter capable
of having information read from
and written to it
A 5 1/4" floppy disk was capable
of storing between 360 KB and 1.2
MB of data, and the 3 1/2" floppy
disk was capable of storing
between 360 KB and 1.44 MB of
data.
Magnetic storage devices
Hard Disk Drive
is a non-volatile
memory hardware device that
permanently stores and
retrieves data on a computer. A
hard drive is a secondary
storage device that consists of
one or more platters to which
data is written using a magnetic
head, all inside of an air-sealed
casing.
Magnetic storage devices
Magnetic Card
A magnetic card is a
rectangular object that contains
either a magnetic strip on the
outside or a magnetic object in
the card that contains data. A
magnetic card may contain
information about an individual,
such as available credit on a
credit card or pass codes for
entering secure buildings.
 Optical Storage Devices

Optical storage which uses

lasers and lights as its
method of reading and
writing data.
Optical storage devices
Blu-ray Disc
Blu-ray was first introduced
at the CES on January
4, 2006, and can store up to
25 GB single-layer disc and
50 GB on a dual-layer disc,
each disc being the same
size as a standard CD.
Optical storage devices
CD-ROM Disc
Short for Compact Disc Read-Only
Memory, a CD-ROM is an optical
disc that contains audio or software data
whose memory is read-only. A CD-ROM
Drive is the device used to read them.
CD-ROM drives have speeds ranging
from 1x to 72x, meaning it reads the CD
roughly 72 times faster than the 1x
version. As you would imagine, these
drives are capable of playing audio CDs
and reading data CDs,
Optical storage devices
CD-R
CD writer, CD-WO (write once),
or WORM (write once read
many), CD-R is short for Compact
Disc-Recordable. It is a writable
disc and drive that is capable of
having information written to the disc
once and then having that disc read
many times after that. Data cannot
be deleted from a CD-R disc and a
CD-R disc cannot be formatted. If the
data is not written to the disc
properly, it cannot be corrected
Optical storage devices
DVD-
DVD writer, recordable
DVD drivesare disc drives
capable of creating DVD
discs. Unfortunately, unlike
recordable CD drives, many
competing standards exist
for creating DVD discs.
 Flash Memory Devices
Flash memory has replaced most
magnetic and optical media as it
becomes cheaper because it is
the more efficient and reliable
solution.
Flash Memory devices
Flash Drive
USB flash drive is a portable storage
device. It is often the size of a human thumb
(hence the name), and connects to a
computer via a USB port. Flash drives are an
easy way to store and transfer information
between computers and range in sizes from
2 GB to 1 TB.
Unlike a standard hard drive, the flash drive
has no movable parts; it contains only an
integrated circuit memory chip that is used to
store data. Flash drives usually have plastic
or aluminum casings surrounding the
memory chip.
Flash Memory devices
Compact Flash

CF is a 50-pin connection
storage device. CompactFlash
is a storage medium commonly
found in PDAs, digital cameras,
and other portable devices. The
CF card had a pretty large
range of sizes, in terms of
storage capacity, ranging from 2
MB to 128 GB.
Flash Memory devices
Memory Card
A Memory card is a type of
storage media that is often used to
store photos, videos, or other data
in electronic devices. Devices that
commonly use a memory card
include digital cameras, digital
camcorders, handheld
computers, MP3 players, PDAs, cel
l phones, game consoles,
and printers.
 Online and Cloud
Storing data online and in cloud
storage is becoming popular as
people need to access their data
from more than one device.
Online and Cloud
Cloud
Cloud computing is a term used
to describe services provided over
a network by a collection of remote
servers. This abstract "cloud" of
computers provides massive,
distributed storage and processing
power, which can be accessed by
any Internet-connected device
running a web browser.
Online and Cloud
Network Media
Network media is any audio, video,
images or text, used on a computer
network, like the Internet. It almost
always requires a computer to send and
receive, as well as a community of
people to create and consume the
content. Network media are
decentralized and contributed by many
people, who not only provide it to others,
but are also recipients and users of the
media.
 Sources
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