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manganate ion to the colorless manganous ion vividly as the insolubility in water of the product make this
shows the ease of oxidation of alkenes in the cold, and experiment a simple example of this important indus-
the formation of the insoluble oil and loss of color in the trial reaction. The absorption of isobutylene in dilute
bromine tube illustrates clearly the addition type of sulfuric acid with the formation of tert-butyl alcohol
reaction. I t is unfortunate that bromine reacts with illu~tratesthe industrial preparation of alcohols from
isobutylene to give a mixture of mono-, di-, and tri- alkenes.
substituted bromobutane~.~ For this reason the result- Comparison of this reaction with the action of con-
ing oil cannot be conveniently used for the preparation centrated sulfuric acid makes an excellent example of
of 1,2-dibromo-2-methylpropane. the effect of conditions on the products formed during a
The polymerization of isobutylene by concentrated reaction. This simple experiment along with appropri-
sulfuric acid to di-isobutylene and higher polymers ate questions clearly covers the chemistry of alkenes
illustrates the alkylation reaction of the petroleum in- ' and the utilization of this chemistry by the petroleum
dustry, and the pronounced gasoline-like odor as well industry. Very few experiments are available which
can be run so easily and cheaply and illustrate so many
XOMAREWSKI,
V., ET AL., I . Am. Chem. Soc., 56,2705 (1934). facts
QUICK FREEZING
" T h e recent cold spell... brought strange effects ... t o make ice for Fleetwood's
.. .
fish, t h e lee Company had to apply to the Minister of F w l for a permit for tuu,
tons of coke to thaw o u t their pipe lines. S u c h a strange example of freezer frosen
rurtumlly rouses some doubt whether our refrigeration methods are foolproof. . ..
Fortunately, a new scheme has beenproposed ...t o use obsolete warplanes t o transport
stratospherewrds whole eorgoos of fresh fruit a d vegetables, open t o t h efrosty heaven
the compartment doors ... and bring down such food refrigerated instantly by what
the old thermometer-makers would h a m called M a g n u m Frigus, Great Cold."