Robotics Reviewer

Brief Introduction to Arduino:

The Arduino Software (IDE) allows you to write programs and upload them to your
board.

Parts of the Arduino IDE:

 Open – allows you to open an existing sketch

 New – allow you to create a new sketch
 Upload – allows you to compile and upload to code to the board
  Verify – allows you to compile the code

*Code in the Arduino IDE is written manily with C++ along with custom libraries for the
various functions for the Arduino.

Additional Functions of the IDE:

Codes: Explanation:

//blink sketch – turns an led on and off Variable name “led” is initialized to the
value 13, everytime “led” is called in the sketch it
int led{13}; //sets the variable name led to 13 is read as the value it was initialized to; in this case
13.

Using the pinMode(pinNumber, State)

void setup() {
function using led as the indicator for the
pinMode(led, OUTPUT); //sets pin 13 as OUTPUT pinNumber and OUTPUT to initialize pin 13 as an
output pin.
}
Using the digitalWrite(pinNumber, State)
function the state of pin 13 is change from High to
void loop() { low.

digitalWrite(led, HIGH); //sets pin to HIGH state Common misconception:

delay(1000); The delay(time) function does not execute

the digitalWrite() function rather once
digitalWrite(led, LOW); //sets pin to LOW state digitalWrite is called it instead performs the delay
function for the allotted time specified in the
delay(1000);
sketch in this case 1000 milliseconds o 1 second.
}

Explanation:
// Reading Sensor Values Pin A0 is initialized as an input pin. Note:
any pin can be used for analog input not just the
int input_pin{A0};
analog pins, digital pins e.g. pin 1, pin 2, pin 3, pin
void setup() { 4, … can be used as analog pins as well and vice
versa.
pinMode(input_pin, INPUT);
When reading sensor values two functions can be
} used analogRead(pinNumber) and
digitalRead(pinNumber). With analogRead() the
pin number to be read from is declared and a value
void loop() { from 0 -1023 will be returned
analogRead(input_pin); When reading sensor values using digitalRead()
the pin number to be read from is declared and the
digitalRead(input_pin);
pin will be read if it is in HIGH or LOW state
}
// UltraSonic Sensor – simplified | cm reading Explanation:

Medyo mahaba ng onti yung explanation

tas may onting maths tas tinatamad ako mag type
int trigger_pin{13};
so… kabisduhin nyo nalang yung
int echo_pin{12}; get_obejct_distance na function 

void setup() {
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
int distance{get_object_distance()};

Serial.println(distance);
delay(250);
}

void get_object_distance() {
int duration{};
double distance{};

digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
 duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
distance = (duration / 2) / 29.1;

return distance;
}