Surface preparation

1. Examination shall be conducted on uncoated ( free from non-magnetic coating)

surfaces
2. Surface preparation by grinding or machining may be necessary where surface
irregulaties could mask discontuinities indication by false indication
3. Prior to magnetic particle examination, the surface to be examined and all adjacent
areas within at least 1 inch (25 mm) shall be dry and free from dirt, grease, lint, scale,
welding, flux and spatter, oil or any none magnetic coating
4. Cleaning shall be accomplished using detergent, organic solvents, de scaling
solutions, paint remobers, sand blasting
5. Temperature on surface on the part to be examined shall be controlled within those
specifield in table 2

Calibration

1. Calibration of lifting weight standard

Each lifting weight standard shall be weighed with a scale from a reputable
manufacture or independent laboratory and stanciled with the applicable nominal
weight. A certificated of the lifting standar stating its normal weight shall be
maintained on file. A weight standar need only be calibrated again if damaged in a
manner that could have caused potential loss of material.
2. Lifting power of yokes
Prior to use, the magnetizing power of electromagnetic yokes shall be checked
within the last six months. Each typr of yoke shall be able to lift standar weight as
specified below at minimum 6 inch pole spacing for at least 3 second. At the
minimum the last calibration report (see exhibit B) from that one that is presently
applicable shallbe maintened on file.
2.1.1. Each ac yoke shall be able to lift a standar weight of a least 10 lb ( 4.5 Kg )
ths is calibration shallbe verivied every on year on whenever the yoye is
suspected to have been damanged or after being repaired.
2.1.2. Each DC yoke shall be able to lift a standar weight of a least 140 lb ( 18 Kg
) ths is calibration shallbe verivied every on year on whenever the yoye is
suspected to have been damanged or after being repaired.
2.1.3. Each permanent yoke shall be able to lift a standar weight of a least 40 lb
( 18 Kg ) ths is calibration shall be verivied daily prior to use. This check
doesn’t have to be mainteneance on file.
3. Calibration of visible light meter
Visible light meter shall be calibrated at least once a year or whenever the meter has
gone throught major repair. If meters have not been in used for one year or more,
calibration shall be done before being used. At the minimum, the lest calibration
report from the one that is presently applicable shall be maintened file.
4. Extramination prsedure
Viewing condition
A minimum light intensity of 100 fc (1000 lx0 is require on the surface to be
examined to ensure adequated sensitivity during the examination end evaluation of
indication
2. surface cintrast enhancement
Non magnetic coating shall be applied temporary to uncoated surfaces only [in the
amounts sufficient to enhance viewing contrast. The material use as co trast
enhancer shall be of the white paint type and shall follow those specified in the table
2 for earch particle manufacture. After surface preparation in accordance with par 5,
shake the contrasting paint to ensure uniform during for application. Apply a
uniform thin film of the contrasting paint to the test surface . wait the las 3 second
to allow the contrasting pain film to dry. Apply magnetic particles to the test surfaces
3. method of examination
Examination shall be done by the continues methode, that is, wet magnetic particle
applied from aerosol spay cans may be applied before and or after magnetic current
is applied. Accumulation of exces particles in examination shall be removed by
blowing or other sources of low pressure dry air. The examination current or power
shall be maintenad while removing the exces particles. Observe any indication
formed.
5. Direction of magnetization
At least two sparated examination shall be performed on each area. During the
second examination, the line of magnetic flux shall be approximately perpendicular
to those used during the first examination,fig 1 show example of typical yoke
placement, poles configuration and orientation for detection of flaws (for guide line
purpose only)
6. Magnetizing field adequacy and direction
All examination shall be conducted with sufficcielt overlap to assure 100% coverage
at the required sensitivity. Fig 1 show example of typical overlap and shall be used
for guideline purposes only. For determination of yoke overlap and verification of
magnetic field adequacy due to reduction of contact surface between the yoke leg
and the part, a magnetic flux strip indocator ( burmah castrol type 1 containing three
artificial defects) shall be used attach one flux indicator on the part surface under
examination so that is leght is at right angle to the direction of the applied flux.
Magnetize that work piece by use of the same pole spacing and contact area as the
one to be use for the examination. The magnetization time shall not be less than 3
second. While the work piece is being magnetized applied the magnetic particles. It
is essensial that the application of magnetic particles stops before the end of
magnetiation. The direction and field adiquanc of the inducted magnetic field is seen
readily from the respon of the flux indication. The extact direction an be check by re
 orientating thr indicators with respect to the direction of the field. The direction and
field adiquance are considered surfacent when 3 line on the strip are clearly define.
7. Evaluation of indication
Discontinuities are indicated by re orientation of the examination medium, however,
localized surface irregularities due to machining marks, magnetic premabilityt
variations such as at the edge of heat affected zones or other surface condition may
rocedure false indication. Broad area of particles accumulation, which might mask
indication from discontunities,a re prohibited and such area shall be cleaned and re-
examined

Equiptment and amterials

A pulse echo type of ultrasonic instrument shall be used. The instrument shall be
capable of operation at frequencies over the range of at least 1 MHZ to 5 mhz and
shall be equipped with a stepped gain contro in units of 2.0 db or less. The reject
control shall be in the off position of all examination. The instrument shall also have
both send and recive jacks for operation of dual search units or a single search unit
with send and recive transduser

4. search units
Frequanze size shape bam angle and propagating wave
Only single element type of search units shall be used. The following combination of
search unit properties and their expected propagating wave in the material being
examined shall confirm to the following table.

4. Operating temperature
Any search unit utilized under this procedure shall be used on surface temperature
not to exceed the temperature limitation as specified by their manufacturer
4.3 search unit box
The cable to be use used under this procedure shall be the co axial type. For
practicial purpose the leight of the cable – should not be less than 1.5 meters

Couplant
The couplant including additives, shall not be detrimental to the material being
examed. Couplant having goods wetting characteristic such as sae 30 mechene oil,
metylan, glycerine, cellulose gum, may be used. For ultrasonic examination on
material with temperature above 65 degress celcius, special couplants shall be used
to prevent excecive evaporation from the examknation surface, the couplant used
for calibration shall be of the same type as the one to be used on the examination of
 the production parts. All couplant used shall be controlled from contaminants as
follows:
a. Couplants used on nickel base alloys shall not contain more than 250 ppm of
sulfur
b. Couplants used on austentic stainless stell or titanium shall not contain more
than 250 ppm of halides (chlorides plus flourideas)
6. Calibration reference block
7. The following block shall be used for calibration of equiptmrnt calibration and
examination system calibraton :
II V1 and /or V2 Block
Non piping basic calibration block

General requirement for basic calibration block

Calibration
Ultrasonic instrument qualification procedure
The linearity check as define in par 5.1.1 and 5.1.2 shall be met at intervals not to
exceed three monts or prior to first use thereafter. If the instrument is suspected of
being damanged or has gone throught major repair then linearity checks shall be
done prior to use. If the instrument has not been in used in three months or more,
calibration shall be done prior to use. These qualification results shall be recorded in
appropriate log ( see exhibit A) ath the minimum, the last valid qualification record
shall be maintened on file.
6.1. screen height linearity
Place an angle beam search unit, as shown in fig. 2, so that indication from booth ½
and ¾ t hole give a 2:1 ration of amplitudes between the two indications. Other
convenient reflector from any calibration block may be used. Adjust the sensitivity
gain so that the larger indication is set at 100 % of full screen height (FSH) without
moving the search unit , adjust gain sensitivity to sucsessively set the larger
indication from 100% to 20% FSH, in 2 db steps and read the smaller indication at
each setting. The readings must be 50 % of the large amplitude, within 5% of full
screen height. The setting ad reading must be estmed to e nearest 1 & of full screen.