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PLATE TECTONICS
- There are 3 types of seismic waves: Primary (P) waves, Secondary (S) Waves, Long-surface (L) waves
- P- waves and S-waves travel into the Earth’s interior while L-waves travel on the surface.
- These waves travel at different velocities; they do not arrive at a seismic recording station at the same
time.
- The difference in arrival time will tell us the distance of the focus but it does not tell which direction it
came from.
- Triangular method can be used to determine the epicenter using 3 seismic recording stations. Formula:
d= (Td/interval between times of p and s wave arrival) 100
DIVERGENCE OF PLATES
- Formation of rift valleys and oceanic ridges are indications
- Oceanic ridges are underwater mountain ranges
- Seafloor spreading
SEISMIC WAVES- Energy in the form of waves that causes earthquakes. There are 2 main types: body
and surfaces waves.
Body waves- have a higher frequency than surface waves. Can travel through the Earth’s inner
layers.