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Proposed Heliocentrism
the Solar System and the sun revolves - phenomenon of static stars, shifting
around it at the third orbit. of stars
4. Johannes Kepler
5. Tycho Brahe
System
6. Galileo Galilei
An entity that consist of components
Used the telescope
working as one
Discovered the remaining 3 planets after
Classified into three terms of energy and
Saturn
matter.
Named the Terrestrial and
Jovian/Gaseous planets
7. Isaac Newton
CLASSIFICATION OF SYSTEM
Discovered the three laws of motion
1. Closed System
Stated that the gravity is a big part of
the solar system Energy: in and out
Natural laboratory because all things we do Occurs when 2 or more system have an
are experiments effect upon one another.
Tropopause
3. Hydrosphere
- boundary between tropopause and
Surface and ground water
stratosphere
2. Stratosphere
4. Biosphere
10-50 kilometers from the Earth’s
surface
Contains the ozone layer that protects 4. Hurricane
us from UV radiation
A phenomena in our atmosphere that
Maximum elevation for passenger affects the 3 subsystems
airplanes
3. Mesosphere
Biosphere
Considered as the middle atmosphere
The life zone of the Earth, includes all
along with stratosphere
living organisms
Air molecules are in great distances
Food Chain
apart making mesosphere’s temperature
-120°C - structure of hierarchy
Transpiration
EARTH’S LAYERS
Vertical movement of water from plants and
humans 1. Crust
Para siyang evaporation pero galing siya sa Primarily silica and light metallic
parts ng plants (leaves, flowers, etc.) elements
Lithosphere
INTERACTIONS OF HYDROSPHERE
1. Atmosphere 2. Mantle
2. Biosphere Astenosphere
3. Geosphere 3. Core
Water is the primary agent for the chemical Primarily iron and nickel
and mechanical breakdown of rock
OUTER CORE: liquid
INTERACTIONS OF GEOSPHERE
1. Atmosphere 67 kilometer/hour
2. Atmosphere
- FINGERNAIL: 2.5
2. Luster Overhurden
Quality of light reflected from the Soil or rock overlying a useful mineral
surface of the mineral deposit
3. Color Tailings
5. Bauxtite - aluminum
REMOVING MINERALS FROM ORES
6. Quartz - silicon
1. Tailings
3. Smelting
Rocks
Could be organic
Intrusive
Mineral with SMALLEST percentage amount - rocks formed by the cooling of magma
(inside the earth)
Lithification
Diagenesis
- compaction and cementation
Formation of rocks from any form
Clastic Sedimentary
Continuation of diagenesis
SLATE > PHYLLITE> SCHIST > GNEISS Made of hydrocarbons (contain HYDROGEN
AND CARBON)
- as the rock goes down, the temperature and
pressure becomes higher making alterations
in the rock’s form and composition
Coal
Reserves
FOSSIL FUELS - technology used to obtain the deposits of
coal
4. Pressure Anthracite
- hard coal
Combustion
Thermal Maturation
Refining Oil
ADVANTAGES
1. provides lots of energy Direct District Heating System
2.lower levels of air pollutants than coal and Uses HOT WATER FROM SPRINGS OR
oil RESERVOIRS near the surface
3. It’s easy to transport Hot water near the Earth’s surface can be
DISADVANTAGE: piped directly into buildings and industries
for heat.
1. Highly flammable
Hydrosphere
ELECTRICITY GENERATION Water found on the surface of our planet
1. Dry Steam Power Plant Ocean, lakes, rivers, streams, creeks
Uses the superheated pressurized Water found under the surface of our planet
steam
Water found in our atmosphere
180°C-350°C
Frozen water (ice caps, glacier)
2. Flash Steam Power Plant
3. Binary Cycle Power Plant Frozen water part of the Earth’s Water
system
Insufficiently hot resource to
efficiently produce steam
Evapotranspiration/Surface Runoff
Desalination