Lesson 6 b.

Oblique – It is a type of parallel pictorial

PROJECTION projection in which projectors are parallel
to each other but they are not
Projection perpendicular to the picture plane. The
The process in which the rays of sight are angle is usually kept 15ᵒ-45ᵒ.
taken in a particular direction from an object to
form an
3. Perspective Projection
image on a plane.
Is a type of pictorial projection in which
projectors are not parallel to each other and
Elements of Projection
1. Picture Plane/Plane of Projection – the plane or they occur at an angle to the picture plane in
surface on which the rays of sight are projected such a way that they converge to a point as if
and combined to form a view an observer sees the view on the picture plane
2. View – the image formed on a picture plane by from that point.
projecting rays of sight
3. Projector – lines or rays drawn from the object to
the plane.

Types of Projection
1. Orthographic Projection
'ORTHO' means right angle and graphic
means drawing.
It is known as Orthographic projection
when the projectors are perpendicular
to the plane on which the projection is obtained
Views from the object using Orthographic
Projection:
a. Top View The Glass Box Method
b. Front view Key points of “the glass box method” are:
c. Left Side View o The user imagines that the object is
d. Right Side View enclosed in a transparent “box” said to be
e. Rear view “the glass box”.
f. Bottom view o Each view of the object is established on its
corresponding glass box surface.
2. Pictorial Projection
o To obtain a view, perpendicular projectors
The description of the object is completely
are drawn originating at each point of the
understood in one view. Pictorial projections may
be of two types as object and extending to the related box
a. Axonometric – rotated to show its all three surface.
dimensions. o The box is imagined as hinged so that it can
be unfolded on to one flat plane (the
paper). The box is unfolded to obtain the
arrangement of views.

B111L
ENGINEERING DRAWINGS & PLANS
Orthographic Views

The Glass Box Method

B111L
ENGINEERING DRAWINGS & PLANS