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CHAPTER 3
CORROSION PRINCIPLES
Introduction
Introduction
Introduction
Introduction
Introduction
Introduction
• Familiar units
Atoms:
• Therefore all atoms have a neutral charge (the positive and
negative charges cancel each other).
Atoms:
• The number of protons (atomic number) in an atom
determines the kind of atom we have.
Ions:
• Ions are formed when atoms, or groups of atoms, lose or
gain electrons. Metals loose some of their electrons to form
positively charged ions.
Molecules:
• A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together
chemically.
Molecules:
• Most of us are familiar with the formula H2O, which indicates
that each water molecule is made of two hydrogen atoms
and one oxygen atom.
Fe » Fe2+ + 2e-
Anodic Reaction:
• Iron is oxidized to ferrous ions (Fe2+ ions) by the removal of
electrons.
Fe → Fe 2+ + 2e-
Fe(OH)2 → Fe(OH)3
Cathodic Reaction
2H+ + 2e- → H2
• From the above discussion, it is clear, that the main interest of the
designers is to prevent the formation of the “corrosion batteries”.
• For example, if we can wipe out the ‘drop of water’ from the
surface, the corrosion will not take place!
• The two metal strips shown below are exposed to the same
acid.
Cu → Cu2+ + 2e-
and
Zn → Zn2+ + 2e-
2H+ + 2e- → H2
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CORROSION ENGINEERING
• Nature of metal
• pH of the medium
• Temperature
• Effect of oxygen
• Surface roughness
• Stress
Department of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, MIT, Manipal 44 of 65
CORROSION ENGINEERING
Nature of metal:
Nature of metal:
• When two metals are in contact with each other, higher the
difference in electrode potentials greater is the corrosion.
Nature of metal:
pH of the medium :
Effect of oxygen:
Stress:
Other Variations:
Other Variations:
Time:
Time: