Date Printed: 04/20/2009

JTS Box Number: 1FES 63

Tab Number: 96

Document Title: Teacher's textbook for Civic Education

Document Date: 1997

Document Country: Estonia

Document Language: Russian

1FES 10: CE00676

1m I~mll
4 9 4 6 C
1111
F 30- F B 2
II
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3HaHHR H HaBbIKH, He06xOAHMbiB AnR caMOCTORTeJ1bHOH lKH3HH, npHHOCRllIeH n0J1b3Y
06ll1BCTBY·

Ha nepBbl11 B3mRA 06ll1BCTBOBeAeHHe npBACTaBJ1ReT c06011 cBoe06pa3Hbll1 CHM6H03 TaKHX

Y'le6Hb1X npeAMBTOB KaK HCTOPHR, reorpa<pHR, pBJ1HrHOBeAeHHe, 3KOHOMHKa, J1HTeparypa,
<pHJ10C0<pHR. Ho paC~J1eHeHHble 3HaHHR, nOJ1Y'lBHHble no 3THM npeAMeTaM, HB 06pa3YIOT
B3aHMOCBR3aHHOH I..IBJ10CTHOH KapTHHbl Toro MHpa, B KOTOPOM Mbl CBrOAHR lKHBeM. 3TH
Y'le6Hble npBAMeTbl ellle HB ABIOT HaM HenocpeACTBeHHblX 3HaHHI1 0 TOM, KaK ~eJ10BeKY
cnpaBHTbCR C ero lKH3HbIO B COBOKYnHOCTH; KaK Y'laCTBOBaTb B npHHRTHH BBlKHblX AnR
06ll1eCTBa PBWBHHI1, KaK 3alllHllIaTb CBOH npaBa, KaK OTHOCHTbCR K OKPYlKBlOllIHM Hac J1IOARM,
KaKHMH 3KOHOMH~BCKHMH B03MOlKHOCTRMH K8Jl(Abll1 H3 Hac 06J1BABeT, K ~eMY npHBoART
He~eCTHOCTb H HaCHJ1He, KaK A06HBaTbCR KOMnpOMHcCOB H T.A. HH OAHa APyraR Y'le6HaR
AHCI..IHnJ1HHa Cnel..lHaIlbHO He rOTOBHT Hac
K lKH3HH B 3aBTpaWHeM AHe rOCYABPCTBa H
I..IHBHJ1H3aI..lHH. 06ll1BCTBOBeAeHHe - 3TO CneI..lH<pH~BCKHH npeAMeT, KOTOPblH 06beAHHReT HJ1H
HHTBrpHpyeT 3HaHHR 06 06ll1BCTBB H 06ll1BCTBeHHble HaBbIKH, OCBoeHHble B npol..lecce
H3Y'lBHHR APyrHx npeAMeTOB. AOnOJ1HRR HX 3HaHHRMH H HaBbIKaMH, npHCYlllHMH TOJ1bKO AnR
06ll1eCTBOBeABHHR, Mbl nOJ1Y'laBM HOBbl11 Y'le6Hbll1 npeAMeT, OKa3b1BalOllIHH CnBI..IH<pH~ecKoe
B03Ael1CTBHB Ha Hawe MbIWJ1eHHe H nOBeABHHe.

9
 HspSAJ(O C'lI1TaSTCR, 'ITO BOCnl1TaHI1SM rp8JKA8HI1Ha 3aHI1MalOTCR BCS nOHsMHory -
nOCl1nbHbli'! BKIla.A BHOCRT }"Il1Tenl1 BCSX npSAMSTOB, npscca, pOAl1TSnl1 11 T.A. TaKos MHSHI1S
OWI160'lHO. K BOCnl1T8HI1IO rp8JKA8HI1Ha HSnb3R OTHOCI1TbCR KaK K pa3paCTaHI11O COPHRKOB -
MOn, 6narOASpR COnHLlY 11 AOlKAlO 11 CaMI1 BbipaCryT. npSycnsBalOllll1i'!' 11 nons3Hbli'! AnR
06111SCTBa rp8JKAaHI1H HanOMI1HaST c060i'! LlSHHOS paCTSHI1S, KOTOPOS HS06XOAI1MO
KYnbTHBl1pOBaTb, YA06pRTb 11 Bbipallll1BaTb.

npl1BSASM npocToi'! npl1MSp. B Hawsi'! nOBcSAHSBHOi'! lKI13HI1 HS 060i'!TI1Cb 6e3 ra3eT. OHI1
ASIOT HaM BSlKHYIO I1H<j)opMaLll1IO 0 HOBblX cTaBKax HanorOB,O 3aKoHax,0 CPOKax BcrynneHI1R
3aKOHOB B Asi'!CTBI1S 11 T.A. ra3STbi 06R38TsnbHO HS06XOAHMO nepI10AH'lSCKI1 'lI1TaTb. Ho R3b1K
ra3eT HS npOCT. HspeAKO OH COASPlKl1T MHoro I1HOCTpaHHblX cnOB, nopoi'! CTaTbl1 MOryl
norpe60BaTb Bna.ASHI1R AOnOnHI1TSnbHoi'! I1H<j)opMaLll1ei'!, 6e3 KOTOPOi'! Cyrb Bonpoca MOlKeT
OCTaTbCR HSRCHOi'!. B03MOlKHO, 6narOASPR 06111eCTBOBSASHI1IO }"Iallll1SCR OCBORT HaBblKI1
'lTeHI1R ra3eT.

ElKSAHSBHO lKI13Hb npeAOCTaBnRST HaM caMYIO pa3HOCTOPOHHIOIO I1H<j)opMaLIHIO. 'iTO-TO

npoi'!AsT 11011111010 Hac, 'ITO-TO OK8lKSTCR O'lSHb BSlKHblM. KaK CAsnaTb npaBl1nbHblS BblBOAbl B
BQAOBOPOTS npOTI1BOPS'lI1BOi'! I1H<j)opMaLll1I1, KaK nocrynl1Tb npaBHnbHO? rp8JKA8HI1HY Kpai'!He
HS06XOAI1Mbi 3TH HaBblKI1. Hanpl1MSp, KaKI1S np06nSMbI csrOAHR BSlKHbI AnR 3CTOHI1I1: KTO
npaB B npOLlSCCS B03BpalllSHI1R HS3aKOHHO 3KCnpOnpl1l1pOBaHHoi'! C06CTBSHHOCTI1 -
C06CTBSHHI1K HnI1 KBapTHpOCb8MlJ.lI1K (B 'ISM CYTb KOH<j)nI1KTa?); HYJKHO nl1 3CTOHI111 cenbCKoe
X03Ri'!CTBO I1nl1 HST; KaK PSWI1Tb np06nSMbI 3Ha'lI1TSnbHOro 'll1cna nl1L1, HS I1MSlOllll1X
rp8JKA8HCTBa; A0611BaSTCR nl1 3KOHOMI1Ka 3CTOHI111 psanbHblX ycnexoB I1nl1 BCS 3TO TonbKO
MI1<j)bI 11 pe3ynbTaT MaHl1nynl1pOBaHI1R CTaTHCTH'leCKI1MI1 ASHHblMI1? 3TI1 11 MHOrl1S APyrns
nOXOlKI1e Bonpocbl KacalOTCR npRMo I1nl1 KOCBSHHO K8lKAoro 113 Hac. MonoAoi'! 'lSnOBeK,
nOKI1ASlOllll1i'! pOAI1TSnbCKI1i'! AOM 11 Ha'lI1HalOllll1i'! caMocToRTsnbHYIO lKl13Hb, KaK npaBl1nO,
nl1WaSTCR B03MOlKHOCTI1 nepSKIlSAblBaTb peWeHI1S CTORllll1X nspsA HI1M np06nsM Ha CBOI1X
pOAI1Tensi'!. PSWSHI1S AonlKsH npl1HRTb OH caM.

5YAST nl1 'lSPS3 10 nST Ha ynl1LI8X Tannl1HHa CTonb lKS neCTpaR Tonna,KaK CerOAHR B
AMCTepAaMS - CpSAI1 nlOAsi'! C 6snblM LlBeTOM KOlKl1 MHOlKSCTBO I1MMl1rpaHTOB 113 A31111 11
A<j)PI1KI1? MOlKST nl1 3TO Cn}"Il1TbCR I1nl1 HST;B03MOlKHO nl1 KaK-TO nOBnl1RTb Ha 3TOT npOLlSCC;
scnl1 AS, TO KaKI1S nocnsACTBI1R OlKl1A8lOT HaWI1X AeTsi'!?

ECTb nl1 y 3CTOHCKoro rOCYASpCTBa nSpCneKTHBbI pa3BI1TI1R B COBpSMeHHOM Ml1pe,

He06xOAI1MO nl1 sro CYlllSCTBOBaHI1S?

CnSAYST nl1 OTMSHI1Tb CMSPTHYIO Ka3Hb B Ka'lSCTBS BblCWSi'! MSPbl HaKa3aHI1R, KaK 3Toro
Tps6Y1OT pa3nl1'lHblS MSlKAYHapOAHblS OpraHl13aLlI1I1? Ecnl1 Aa, TO KaK 3TO' 06bRCHI1Tb? Ecnl1
HST, TO nO'lSMY?

~ 38A8HMR

• • Bbl6epl1Te OAI1H 113 npl1BeAeHHblX Bblwe BonpOCOB (HeKOTopble 113 HI1X npeACTaBnReT
c060i'! LlsnYlO np06neMY - CYMSSTS nl1 Bbi 06bRCHI1Tb, B 'leM 3aKllIO'laeTCR pa3m"'ll1e
MelKAY np06neMOi'! 11 npOCTO BonpOCOM?) 11 nonblTaHTeCb B KIlacce HaHTI1 OTBeT Ha Hero.
nocTapai'!Tecb BbiRCHI1Tb,CYlllSCTBYIOT nl1 B BaweM KIlacce npOTI1BOnOnOlKHble MHeHI1R no
KaKOMY-HI16YAb Bonpocy 11 nonblTai'!Tscb OpraHI130BaTb AI1CKYCCI1IO.

• Hai'lAI1Te 11 APyrne Bonpocbl nQA06HOrO POAS,CBR38HHble C 06111eCTBeHHoi'!lKI13HbIO.

• )KypHanI1CTbI HepeAKO nOnb3YIOTCR I1HOCTpaHHblMI1 CnOBaMI1. 3HaeTe nl1 Bbl 3Ha'leHl1e

cneAYlOllll1x cnOB: paTI1<j)I1KaLlI1R, KOH<j)pOHTaLlI1R, Onn0311L1I1R, I1HI1L1l1aTI1Ba,
AI1CKpI1MI1HaLlI1R,I1HCTl1ryT BnaCTI1, KoppynLll1R, KOanI1L111R, napnaMeHTapl13M, AeMOKpaTI1R.

• 06CYAHTS B He60nbWI1X rpynnax He06xoAHMOCTb 113}"1eHI1R 06111eCTBOBeAeHI1R B WKone.

npl1BeAI1Te apryMeHTbI B nOAAeplKKY cBoei'! TO'lKI1 3peHI1R.

10
PACbl, HAPOAbl, PEJutnUt
nepsaR TeMB }I'Ie6HlfKB oxsaTbisaeT 'Ipe3BbI'IBRHO WIfPOKIfR MSTepIfBn. no MHOnfM
1
BonpOCBM BBTOPbI yrny6nRIOTCR B ,lleTBnIf. npif nepSOM 'ITSHIfIf TSKCT 3TOR TSMbI MO)ICST
npe,llCTBBnRTbCR 'Ipe3MepHO ,lleTBnbHblM, oc06eHHO 3TO KBCBSTCR BonpOCOB penlfnflf. TSM HS
MeHee Bce TPIf COCTBBnRIOU(IfX - onpe,lleneHlfe nOHRTIfR pac, HBPO,llOB If psnlfrlfR - RBnRIOTCR
S HBWIf ,llH1f seCbMS BKTYBnbHblMIf. TpY,llHO CKS38Tb 0,llH03HB'IHO, RBnReTCR 3TO ,llnR 3cTOHIfIf
C'IBCTbeM Ifnlf Hec'lSCTbeM, 'ITO, Bce TO, 0 'IeM 'If,llST PS'Ib npif 03HSKOMllSHIfif 'IIfTBTBnR C
npo6neMBTlfKOH PBC, HBpO,llOS If penlfnfH, CSra,llHR eU4S HS RBnRSTCR ,llnR HBC np06nSMoR.

nOcne 3HBKOMCTBB C IfCToplfeH PBClf3MB, era COBpeMeHHOH CYlJ4HOCTblO If q,oPMSMIf

npORBneHIfR, S TBIDKe OCHOBHblMIf 'IepTBMIf MIfPOBbiX pBnlfrlfH Mbi HB'IIfHBSM 3HB'IIfTBnbHO
n}l'lwe nOHIfMBTb MHorlfe SKTYBnbHble sonpocbI cospeMeHHOH Me)lC,ll}'HBpO,llHoR )lC1f3HIf:
nO'IeMY SO MHorlfX rOCY,llBpCTSBX Esponbl (HBnpIfMSp, B rSpMBHlflf, B TBIDKS S WSSL/lflf)
HB6n/O,llBIOTCR npORBneHIfR HBClfnlfR no OTHOWeHlf1O K IfHOCTPBHLlBM; B 'IeM KPOIOTCR KOpHIf
HeHBSIfCTIf Bps6cKoro If espeHCKoro HBPO,llOS HB 6J71f)ICHeM BOCTOKS; nO'IeMY S CSR31f C
TeppOpIfCTIf'leCKIfMIf BKTBMIf If SOOp}?KeHHblMIf KOHcpnlfKTBMIf sce 'IBU4S raBoplfTCR 06
lfenBMe?

MBCWTB6HOCTb TeMbi 06ycnOBneHB He06xo,llIfMOCTblO nOHRTb PBCCMSTplfBBeMbiS RBneHIfR,

nOHRTb cospeMeHHblH MIfP; Hif O,llIfH .llPyroR 06R3BTenbHblR WKonbHblR }I'IS6HblR npe,llMeT 3T1f
sonpocbI He PBCCMBTpIfSBeT.

)KenBR C3KOHOMlfTb speMR, MO)l(HO nepSOH TeMe Y,llBnIfTb 'IeTbipe 'IBCS, HO npif 60nes
rny60KoM IfHTepece K sonpOCBM penlfrlflf, 1f3Y'leHIfIO 3TOH TSMbI MO)ICHO (as C'IeT
nOCne.tlYIOU4IfX TeM) nOCSRTIfTb If 60nbWS speMeHIf.

BTOPOM YPOK. 2
PaclbI, paCM3M. HaPOA, Ha~R, Ha~oHanM3M (1.1, 1.2)

nOsceAHeBHaR lKI13Hb cerOAHRWHeA SCTOHI1I1, KaK npaBI1110, HB CTBIlKI1BaBT Hac C

np0611eMoA paCl13Ma. 0 HeraTI1BHblX RBI1BHI1RX paCI13Ma Mbl 06b1'1HO CI1b1WI1M no PBAI10,BI1AI1M
no TBl1eBI1ABHl1lO, '1I1TaeM B ra3BTBX, 3Ta TeMa '1aCTO BCTpB'laBTCR TaKlKB B np0l13BBABHI1RX
I1I1TepalYpbl 11 KI1HOI1CKYCCTBa. TaK 'ITO eCTb nOBoA A/lR paCCMOTpBHI1R paCOBblx np0611BM.

B nOHRTI1AHblA annapaT 06pa30BaHHoro 'lBI10BeKa AOl1lKHO, BCTBCTSBHHO, BXOAI1Tb 11 3HaHI1B

o <l>11311'leCKOA aHTpOn0l10rl111, OCHOBbl KOTOpoA npBnOABIOTCR Ha YPOKBX npl1pOAOBBABHI1R.
061l.\eCTBOBeAeHI1e npl16aBI1RBT K 3TOMY HB MBHeB BBlKHOB 3HaHI1B 0 TOM, 'ITO npBACTaBJIRBT
c060A KYl1blYPHaR aHTpOn0I10rI1R. Ha YPOKBX npl1pOAOBBABHI1R Y'la~l1eCR n03HaKOMI11111Cb C
061l.\I1M nOHRTl1eM paCbI, Ha YPOKBX I1CTOPI1I1 n0I1Y'I11111i npBACTaSI1BHI1B 0 paCl13Me.
061l.\eCTBOBBAeHI1e paCCMaTpl1BaBT 3TI1 RBl1eHI1R C n0311~A HaYKI1 06 06Il.\eCTBe. TaKoA
nQAXOA n03B0l1ReT paccMoTpeTb pacoBbie Bonpocbl C TO'lKI1 3peHI1R npaa '1enOaeKa.

nOHRTI1R HapoAa 11 HaLll111 B pa3Hbix R3blKBX MOryT I1MeTb pa3Hoe 3Ha'leHl1e. COBpeMeHHoe
3CTOHCKoe rocYAapcTBo, BOCCTaHOBl1eHHOe no npl1H~ny IOpI1AI1'1eCKOA npeeMCTBeHHOCTI1,
npl1AeplKl1BaeTCR TO'lKI1 3peHI1R HaLll10Hal1bHOA rocYAapcTBeHHocTI1, WI1POKO
pacnpocTpaHeHHoA B EBpone npowl1oro. B HaCTORll.\ee BpeMR 3TI1 B3rnRAbi npeTepneBalOT
Bce 60l1bWe 113MeHeHI1A KaK S EBpone, TaK 11 OCTBIlbHOM Ml1pe. Ha <l>oHe npoTeKalOLUloIx nOCl1e
BTOpoA MIoIPOBOA BoAHbI AeMorpa<l>loI'leCKIoIX npoLleccoB 11 06Il.\eryMaHIoiCTIoI'IeCKIoIX nplolH~noB
'lpe3Bbl'laAHO TPYAHO paCCMaTpl1BaTb MHorloie rocYAapcTsa B Ka'leCTBe "'1Io1CTblX·
HaLll10Hal1bHbiX rocYAapcTB. Be3Ae Ha61110AaeTcR yrny611eHIoIe TeHAeHLlIoI~
IoIHTepHaLlI10HBIlIol3aLlIolIoi. B CoeAIoIHeHHblx WTaTBX AMeploiKIoI nOHRTloiB "HaLllolR" (nation) IoIMBBT

11
3Ha'leHllle, cyU\eCTBeHHO OTnlll'lalOU\eeCSI OT ero 3Ha'leHIllSI B SCTOHIIIIII. STO nOHSlTllle
npeTepneBaeT 1113MeHeHillSI B HanpaBneHlII1II aMeplilKaHlII3a~1II1II III B EBpone. KaKoi1
Ha~IIIOHanbHOCTIllpOAIIIBwaSlCSI B WBe~1II AeBO'lKa C TeMHblM ~BeTOM KOlKlII, XopOWO
BnBAelOU\BSI WBeACKIllM Sl3bIKOM, KOTopaSl Y'lIIITCSI B WBeAcKoi1 WKone, '1blll pOAIilTenlll SlBnSlIOTCSI
rpaJKAaHaMIll WBe~lIIlII? Ecnlll OHa He 'WBeAKa no Ha~IIIOHanbHOCTIII, TO KTO lKe OHa?

1i13 Y'le6HIllKa OCBoeHO Heo6xOAIIIMoe,ecnlll Y'laU\lIIi1cSI cyMeeT AaTb IIIC'IepnbIBalOU\lIIe OTBeTbl

Ha cneAYIOU\lIIe BonpOCbI.

lBonpOCbi no TeKC-ry
• YTO paccMaTplllBaeT KYnbTYPHaSl aHTpononorlllSl?

• KaKllle npo6neMbi CTOSIT nepBA TPBMSI OCHOBHblMIll pacaMIll Mlllpa?

• no KaKIllM nplll3HaKaM pacbI OTnIll'laIOTCSI OAHa OT APyroi1?

• YTO TaKOB paC1II3M?

• K '1eMY CBOASITCSI apryMBHTbI lKemoi1 paCbI, K '1BMy apryMBHTbI '1epHoi1 III 6enoiil pac?

• KaKOB pa3nlll'lllle cyU\eCTByeT MelKAY nOHSlTIIISlMIll "HapOA" III ·Ha~IIISI"?

• npeACTaBnSleT nlll Ha~IIIOHanIll3M co6oi1 SlBneHllle, CBSl3aHHOB C 6e3B03BpaTHbiM

npownblM?

BonpOCbi AJlIII 06CYlKAeHMR

• Ha6nlOABIOTCSI nlll B SCTOHIIIIII npOSlBneHIllSI paCIIICTCKoro MblwneHIIISI?

• PaBHbl nlll pacbI?

·IiIMeIOT nlll Ha~1II1II 6YAyU\ee?

• Y'IIIITbIBaSl COBpeMeHHble AeMorpa¢III'IeCKllle npo~eCCbI, npeAnonOlKlIITe, C KaKIIIMIll

npo6neMaMill MOlKBT B 6YAyU\eM CTOnKHYTbCSI 3CTOHCKaSl Ha~IIISI?

• KaKllle npo6neMbi SlBnSlIOTCSI OCHOBHblMIll B nonOlKeHIIISlX Bceo6U\ei1 AeKnapa~1II1II 0 npaBaX

YenOBeKa, nOCBSll.L\eHHbIX paC1II3My?

38A8HMIII

• CneAIIITe 3a nOBceAHeBHoiil MelKAYHapoAHoi1 IIIH¢opMa~eiil III BbISlCHIIITe, SlBnSlIOTCSI nlll

paCOBble npo6neMbi cerOAHSI aKTYanbHblMIll B Mlllpe?

• CneAIilTe 3a nOBceAHeBHoi1 MelKAYHapOAHoiil IIIH¢opMa~lIIei1 III nocTapai1Tecb YSlCHIIITb,

CTaHOBIIITCSI nlll Ha~IIIOHanIll3M nplII'lIllHOiil KaKIIIX-HIII6YAb npo~eCCOB B COBpeMeHHOM
Mlllpe?

12
TPETMA YPOK.
Xp ..CTH8HCTBO (nepB8R '18CTb 1.3)

06/.L1ee SHaKOMCTSO C pOnbtO pemmfVl S VlCTOPVlVl '1enOSB'IBCTSa COCTORnOCb Ha YPOKBX

VlCTOpVlVl. EcnVl S WKone He se,qeTCR npenop,asaHVle MVlPOSbiX penVlrVlift S Ka'leCTSe
cne~anbHoro npe,qMeTa, p,aHHblift pa3,lJ.en 06/.L1eCTsose,qeHVlR sacny>KVlsan 6b1 nOBblweHHoro
SHVlMaHVlR Y'la/.LIVlXCR. Ha npOTH~eHVIVI sceift VlCTOPVlVl penVlrVlR OKaSbisana O'leHb CVlnbHoe
S03,D.eiftcTsVle Ha XOP, C06b1TVlift, qoxpaHRR 3TO Ka'leCTBO VI cerop,HR. He 6yP,Y'lVI SHaKOMbi C
VlcTopVleift paSHbiX penVlrVIift VI C VlX Y'leHVlRMVI, Mbi SPRP. nVl cYMeeM nOHRTb, nO'IeMY VI S HawVI
p,HVI Ha penVlrVlosHoift nO'lse scnblXVlSatOT KposaSbie KOHC/JnVlKTbI MeJ«;llY ntO,O,bMVI VI MeJ«;llY
rocyp,apcTsaMVI. Pf/p, npVlMepos, xapaKTepVlsytO/.LIVlX SHa'lVlMOCTb 3TOift npo6neMbI, MO~HO
npVlseCTVI VI VIS rocyp,apcTs Esponbl - TpVlP,l..IaTVIneTHVlift KOHC/JnVlKT s CesepHoift UpnaHp,VlVI,
KposonponVlTVle Ha TeppVlTOpVlVl 6b1sweift IOrocnasVlVl, 060CTPVlSWVliftCR s 1996-0M rop,y cnop
p,syx npasocnasHbix l..IepKseift s SCTOHVlVI. BsVllJ,y MHo~eCTBa penVlrVlift VI nOSblweHHoro
VlHTepeca MHorVlX Y'la/.LIVlXCR K HVIM l..Ienec006pasHo nOCSRTVlTb paccMoTpeHVltO xpVlcTVlaHcTBa
VI SOCTO'lHblX penVlrVlift no MeHbweift Mepe 2 '1aca.

KpynHei1waSl pem"rl1Sl Ml1pa - Xpl1CTl1aHCTBO - I1MeeT 60rarylO I1CTOPI1IO 11 PRA

pa3Ho06pa3Hbix HanpaBl1eHI1i1. )l(I1BR B EBpone, rAe Xpl1CTl1aHCTBO RBI1ReTCR Hal160l1ee
pacnpOCTpaHeHHoi1 pel1l1rl1ei1,He06xOAI1MO 60l1ee nOAP06HO 03HaKOMI1TbCR C Xpl1CTl1aHCTBOM
- 3TO n03B0l1ReT I1Y'1we nOHRTb npOTeKalO~l1e 3AeCb npo~eccbl pa3BI1TI1R.

BonpocbI no TeKCyY
~
• Ha30BI1Te OCHOBHble 'lepTbl KaT0I1I1~113Ma. •
• Ha30BI1Te OCHOBHble 'lepTbl npaBOCl1aBI1R.

• Ha30BI1Te OCHOBHble 'lepTbl npoTeCTaHT113Ma.

BonpOCbl AIlR 06CYlKAeH ..R

• B 'leM 3aKllIO'laIOTCR OCHOBHble pa31111'lI1R MelKAY KaT0I1I1~113MOM, npaBOCl1aBl1eM 11

npOTeCTaHTI13MOM?

• \IIMeIOT 1111 pel1l1rl1l1 B cerOAHRwHei1 3CTOHI111 60l1ee Wl1pOKOe 3Ha'leHl1e AIlR Bcero
06~eCTBa?

• C06epl1Te 113 pa31111'lHb1X I1CTO'lHI1KOB I1Hcj>opMa~111O 0 Hal160l1ee pacnpOCTpaHeHHblX B

3CTOHI111 pel1l1rl1SlX.

'tETBEPTbiA YPOK. 4
BOCTO'lHble pen .. r .... (BTOp8R '18CTb 1 .3)

XapaKTep 11 Y'leHl1e BOCTO'lHbIX pel1l1rl1i1 BO MHorOM OTllI1'laIOTCR OT XpI1CTl1aHcKoi1 KapTI1Hbl

Ml1pa. 3HaKOMRCb C BOCTO'lHbIMI1 pel1l1rl1RMl1, Mbi nOCTl1raeM Be)KJII1BOCTb, cnoKoi1cTBl1e 11
~eHHOCTHble Opl1eHTa~I1I1, npl1cY~l1e HapOAaM A31111. Hanpl1Mep,l1Cl1aM npeACTaBI1ReT co60i1
nOHRTl1e, C KOTOPblM Mbl BCTpe'laeMCR nO'lTI1 elKeAHeBHO B HOBOCTSlX 0 MelKAYHapOAHoi1
nOI1I1TI1Ke. B 60l1bWI1HCTBe CI1Y'laeB 3TI1 HOBOCTI1 rOBopRT 0 HaCI1I1I1I1. npeACTaBl1eHl1e 0
6YAAl13Me, l1aMal13Me, I1YABI13Me 11 I1Cl1aMe nOMOlKeT HaM nOHRTb npol1cxoAR~ee B cTpaHBX
A31111 11 Acj>PI1KI1. BOCTO'lHble pel1l1rl1l1 Bce 60l1bWe pacnpocTpaHRIOTCR B Ml1pe,l1 co BpeMeHeM
Mbl TOlKe CMOlKeM O~YTI1Tb I1X Bl1l1RHl1e Ha ce6e.

13
 1i13J10lKeHHbI~ B Y'le6HIIKe MaTepll8n YCBOeH, ecnll Bbi CYMeeTe 06bllCHIITb, 'ITO TaKOe
6YAAM3M, MCJlaM, naMaM3M II MYAaM3M II ecnll Bbi 3HaeTe pentOHbl pacnpOCrpaHeHIlII
nepe'lllcneHHbIX penllnt~ B npOWnOM II B COBpeMeHHYIO anoxy.

~ BonpocbI no TeKcyY
• • nepe'lllcnllTe OCHOBHble 'IepTbi 6YAAII3Ma.

• nepe'lIlCnllTe OCHOBHble 'IepTbi IIcnaMa.

• nepe'lllcnllTe OCHOBHble 'IepTbi naMall3Ma.

• nepe'lllcnllTe OCHOBHble 'IepTbi IIYABII3Ma.

BonpocbI AIIR 06CYlKAeHMR

• KaKoe B03Ae~CTBlle OKa3b1B8n1l BOCTO'lHble penllrllil Ha EBpony B npownoM?

• OKB3b1BaIOT nil BOCTO'lHble penllntll B03AeiicTBlle Ha ceroAHllwHlO1O SCTOHIlIO?

38AaHMR
• CneAIITe 3a npeccoii II co611paiiTe IIHljlopMa~1I1O 0 TOM, KaKYIO ponb IIrpalOT BOCTO'lHble
penllrllil cerOAHII B MelKAyHapOAHOii lK1I3HII.

• 3anonHilTe cpaBHIITenbHYIO Ta6nll~y N2 1. npeAnOlKeHa npocTeiiwall ljlopMa nOAo6Hoii

Ta6nll~, KBlKAblii MOlKeT Anll ce611 COCTaBIITb II Ta6nll~y 60nee cnOlKHoii IjlOPMbI.

Ta6nMq8 N2 1
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14
nRTbiA YPOK.
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5

Bce "'3Y'leHHoe HaM.., paCCMaTp..,Bano neCTpOTY HaceneH..,R COBpeMeHHoro M"'pa,

~pe3B~~a~HO MHoro06pa3H~ COBOKYnHOCTb pa3n"'~H~X pac,Ha~~,HapOAOB,CTOpOHH"'KOB
pa3H~X pen..,r..,~ .., T.A. nOA06HaR neCTpOTa HepeAKO nOpOJK,AaeT cepbB3Hble np06neMbi B
OTHoweH..,RX MelKAY nIOAbM.." Ha~RM'" .., pen..,r..,RM"',OAHaKO ..,MeHHO 3Ta neCTpOTa AenaeT
Hawy nOBceAHeBHYIO lK..,3Hb ..,HTepeCHee. HaM HpaB..,TCR nYTeWeCTBOBaTb no He3HaKOMbiM
cTpaHaM, rAe 06b1~a.., .., ycnOB..,R om..,~aIOTCR OT np"'BbI~HblX HaM. KorO-TO np..,eneKaeT
B03MOlKHOCTb nonp060BaTb 6nlOAa K"'Ta~CKO~, RnOHCKO~ loin.., "'TanbRHCKO~ KYXH.." KOMY-TO no
Aywe CTap..,HHble BOCTO~H~e CKa3K..,. iii Bce lKe BOBce He 06R3aTenbHO, ~T06b1 Bce HapOAbi
OTn..,~an"'Cb APyr OT APyra. )f("'3HeHHbl~ yKnaA 3CTOH~eB BO MHorOM nOXOlKHa lK..,3Hb nlOAe~
B COceAH"'x 4l..,HnRHA"'''' .., JlaTB..,..,; HeMHor..,M 6b1T 3CTOH~eB om..,~aeTCR .., OT TPaAH~~
n"'TOB~eB,nonRKOB ..,n.., wBeAOB. 6nlOAa Haw..,x Ha~"'OHanbHblX KYXOHb BeCbMa noxolK..,,06~e
~epTbl npOCMaTp..,BaIOTCR B Ha~"'OHanbHbIX KynbTYpaX, cpeA'" Bcex 3T..,X HapOAOB
pacnpOCTpaHeHO xp..,CT..,aHCTBO. 3Ta CXOlKeCTb rOBop..,T 0 TOM, ~TO Bce nepe~..,cneHHble
HapOAbI OTHOCRTCR K OAHO~ ~B..,n"'3a~..,. Paan"'~"'R B YKnaAe lK..,3H.., .., TPaA"'~RX
ONem..,Bee npOCMaTp..,BaIOTCR np.., cpaBHeH..,.., pa3HblX ~B..,n"'3a~..,~. IiIMeHHO 3T.., pa3n"'~"'R
MOfYT 3aTpYAH..,Tb C03AaH..,e rapMOH"'~HO~ ceMb.., BblXOA~M'" ..,3 AaneK..,X APyr OT APyra
~"'B..,n"'3a~~. MOlKHO AalKe rOBop..,Tb 0 BO~Hax ~B..,n"'3a~~, 0 ~eM CB"'AeTenbcTByeT
..,CTOP..,R,HO.., B Haw.., AH.., MelKAY ~B..,n"'3a~"'RM'" coxpaHRIOTCR cnolKHble OTHoweH..,R.

BonpocbI no TeKCTY
~
• "ITO TaKoe ~"'B..,n"'3a~R? •
• KeM 6bln.., OCBanbA WneHrnep .., ApHOnbA TO~H6..,?

BonpOCbl AIUI 06CYlKAeHMR

• Ecn.., 3CTOH..,R pacnonOlKeHa Ha CTbIKe AByx ~B..,n"'3a~..,~,03Ha~aeT n.., 3TO,~0 a) 3AeCb

cy~ecTBylOT ABe nepenneTeHHble ~B..,n"'3a~..,..,,6) 3CTOH..,R npeACTaenReT c060~ HeKYIO
CMewaHHYIO ~B..,n"'3a~"'10 ..,n..,
B) Ha BOCTOK OT 3CTOH..,.., c~ecTByeT OAHa ~"'B..,n"'3a~R
.., Ha 3anaA - APyraR?

• KaK..,e nocneACTB..,R MOlKeT np..,Becrn C c060~ pa3B..,T..,e ~B..,n"'3a~~ B 6YA~eM?

38A8HMR

'Aa~Te xapaKTep..,CT..,KY ~"'B..,n"'3a~..,.."K KOTOPO~ OTHOC..,MCR Mbl.

• nOpaCCYlKAa~Te Ha TeMY 0 TOM,COOTBeTcTByeT n.., ..,CT..,He YTBeplKAeH..,e,~TO B ycnOB..,RX

COBpeMeHHOCT.., cy~ecTB~T pa3n"'~"'R MelKAY ~B..,n"'3a~RM"'. MOlKHO n.., YTBepJK,AaTb,
~TO HeKOTopble ~"'B..,n"'3a~..,.., nY'lwe,nOne3Hee APyr..,x?

15
 AEMOrPACI»M'IECKME npO~ECCbI
2 nSp88S1 TSMS )"IS6HHKS n03HSKOMHnS HSC C KSPTHHOR HSCSneHHSI MHPS • ,lIans
HHq,oPMSl4H1O 0 TOM, KSKHS pSCbI H, HSPO,llbl S MHpe )l(HSYT H KSKHe c~eCTSYIOT pa3nH'IHR
M8.lICIIY nIO,llbMH. Bce 3TO n03S0nReT HSM nOHRTb C~OCTb H npH'IHHbI MHOnfX npo~eccos H
npo6neM. O<ieSH,lIHO, nepSSR TeMS 060rBTHIIS H HaW cnosapHblR 3ansc, npORCHRR 3Ha'leHHe
MHOnvc '1SCTO ynoTpe6nReMbIX HHOCTpaHHbIX cnos.

BTOPYIO TBMY MO)l(HO paCCM8rpH88Tb KaK npO,llOn)l(eHHe npe,lIbIIl~eR; SHHM8HHe 6Y,lIST

COCpe,lIOTO'IeHO H8 ,lIeMorpStPH'IeCKHX npo~eccax npownoro H cospeMeHHOCTH,pa3Me~eHHIO
n/O,llsR HS KOHTHHeHTax, H8 CPSBHSHHH YPOSHR pa3sHTHR pa3Hblx pernoHoB MHpa,

Cne,llYlO~R YPOK ,lIOn)l(SH ,lI8Tb npe,llCT8sneHHe 0 TOM, KSK )l(HSYT P83nH'IHble pSCbI H
HSPO,llbi H8 HX HCTOPH'lecKHX TSPPHTOPHRX pacceneHHR; 0 npo6neMax, cy~eCTSYIO~HX S
pa3HblX pernoHax MHP8 S pe3ynbTBTe H3MeHeHHR '1HCneHHOCTH H8csneHHR; KaKHX S3rnfllJ.OB
npH,llep)l(H88IOTCR n/O,llH P83nH'IHblX penHnf03HblX y6e)l(,lleHHH H8 MOnO,llOe nOKoneHHe; 0
H8np8snsHHOCTH OCHOSHbiX MHrp8~HOHHblX nOTOKOB S cospeMeHHOM MHpe H 0 nocne,llCTSHRX
3THX npo~sccOS,

BTOPYIO TSMY MO)l(HO H ~enscoo6p83Ho p83,l1enHTb H8 ,lI88 )"Ie6Hblx 3aHRTHR T8K, '1To6b1 Ha
nspSOM P8CCM8TPHBanHCb HCTOPHR ,lIHH8MHKH '1HCneHHOCTH H8ceneHHR MHpa, COBpeMeHH8R
CHTy8~R S o6n8cTH '1HCneHHOCTH H8ceneHHR H YPOBeHb P8SBHTHR pa3HblX pernOHOB; 8
BTOpoR YPOK nOCBR~anCR 6b1 ,lISMOrp8tPH'leCKHM npo~eccaM • KOHTponlO pO)l(,ll8eMOCTH,
MHrpS~HH H yp68HH38~HH,

6 WECToA YPOK •
.... cropM'tecKoe p83BMTMe 'tMcneHHOC'TM HaceneHMR MMpa M
HepaBHOMepHOCTb YPOBHR P83BMTMR B COBpeMeHttyIO 3noxy (2.1, 2.2)

~a KYPca HCTOPHH B~ aHaeTe 0 TaKHX AeMOrpa~H'IeCKHX npo~eccax,KaK nepeceneHHe

HapOAOB, KaTaCTpO~H'IeCKOe nBAeHHe '1HCneHHOCTH HaceneHHR B peaynbTaTe BO~H H
anHAeMH~. ~ B HaWH AHH '1HcneHHocTb HaceneHHR npeACTaBnReT c060~ c~eCTBeHHbl~
nOKaaaTenb, Ha OCHOBaHHH KOToporo MOlKHO CYAHTb 0 '1HCneHHOCTH pa60'le~ CHnbl
rOCYABPCTBa, ero apMHH, 06 06beMe p~HKa nOTpe6neHHR H APyrHx CTOPOHax lKHaHH
06U1ecTBa.

06U1eCTBO MOJKeT Hcn~T~BaTb HeAOCTaTOK mOAe~ TpYAocnoc06Horo BoapaCTa, MOlKeT

·cTapeTb",KOrAB B COCTaBe HaceneHHR Ha'lHHaIOT npe06n8A8Tb nlOAH neHcHoHHOro BoapaCTa.
np06neM~ B~ablBaeT H nepeHaceneHHOCTb • 6bICTPbl~ POCT '1HcneHHocTH HaceneHHR, npH
KOTOPOM HeBoaMOlKHO 06eCne'lHTb Bcex nlOAe~ nHUle~,lKHnbeM H MeAH~HCKO~ nOMOUlblO.

YCBoeHHe Y'le6HOrO MaTepHana npeAnonaraeT YRCHeHHe nOHRTH~ AeMorpacIJMR,

8CT8CTB8HHWA npMpOCT HaC8neHMR,M8XaHM'IecKMA npMpocT HaceneHMR,636M·6YM,a
TalOKe aHaHHe BKnBAa TOMaca Po6epTa ManbTYCa B HCTOPHIO HccneAOBaHHR
AeMOrpa~H'IeCKHX npO~eCCOB.

16
 BonpocbI no TeKCTY

• KaKI1e 06CTOflTll11bCT11a 06YCI10BWUI Bee OOnbWee ycKopeHHe npHp0cT8 HaCeI1eHIISI

• K8KHe P8311WlHR npORBnRIOTCR npH cp8BHeHHH TeMnOB npHpoCTB H8ceneHHR B P83BHTbIX

3eMnM? ->•
1'1 P83BHB81OU\HXCR rocYABPCTBax?

• 'ieM rp03HT HH3K8R pOlK,A8eMOCTb B P83BHTblX CTp8Hax?

• 'ieM on8CH8 BblCOK8R pOlK,A8eMOCTb B P83BHB81OU\HXCR CTPBHax?

BonpocbI AJlR 06CYlICAeHMR

• K8K MOlKHO OlleHHTb YPOBeHb pOlK,A8eMOCTH B cOBpeMeHHoil 3CTOHHH?

• MoryT nH np06neMbi pO)l(,l\8eMOCrn K8Koro-nH60 OTAenbHOrO rOCYABPCTB8 npHBne'lb K

ce6e Me)l(,l\YH8pOAHoe BHHM8HHe?

• BnHReT nH nH'IH8R n03HLlHR K~oro OTAenbHoro '1enOBeK8 H8 ypOBeHb pOlK,A8eMOCrn B

roCYABPCTBe?

38A8HMR
• nOp8CCylK,A8i1Te 0 TOM, OK83b1B8IOT nH COBpeMeHHble AeMorp8cPH'IeCKHe np06neMbi
APyrHx CTP8H BnHRHHe H8 H8WY nOBCeAHeBHYIO lKH3Hb?

• K8Koro MHeHHR npHAeplKHB8eTeCb Bbl - HaxOAHT nH TeopHR MBnbTYC8 B COBpeMeHHOM

MHpe nOATBep)l(,l\eHHe HnH HeT?

CEAbMOA YPOK. 7
B03MOlKHOCTM B03AeMCTBOB8Tb H8 'tMcneHHOCTb M p83Me~eHMe
H8ceneHMR (2.3, 2.4, 2.5)

ABTOPbl Y'le6HHK8 P8CCM8TPHB81OT 60nee nOAP06HO BonpOCbI,CBR38HHble C KOHTpOneM HSA

pOlK,A8eMOCTblO. BbiCOKHii YPOBeHb pO)l(,l\8eMOCrn RBnReTCR npH'IHHOil MHorHX 6eACTBHiI B
PRAe P8i10HOB AcPPHKH 1'1 A3HH. H8npHMep, B nepeH8ceneHHoil AcPpHKe, rAe nlOAH He B
COCTORHHH C8MH 06eCne'lHTb ce6R nHT8HHeM,HepeAKH CnY'l8H M8cCOBoil CMepTHOCTH nlOAeil
OT rOnOAB,OT HeXB8TKH BOAbl,OT P8311H'IHblX 3nHAeMHii.

Orp8HH'IeHHe pO)l(,l\8eMOCTH B p83BHTbiX CTp8Hax,rAe nOK838TenH eCTeCTBeHHoro npHpOCTB

H8ceneHHR 1'1 T8K BeCbM8 HH3KH, npeACT8BnReT c060il APYrylO np06neMY - B nepBYIO O'lepeAb
3TH'IeCKOrO,MOpBnbHOrO nn8H8,HO HepeAKO 1'1 penHrH03Horo xap8KTep8. T8K B CWA.B CTP8Hax
CKBHAHH8BHH BeAyTCR OCTpble AHCKYCCHH no Bonpocy 0 AOnyCTHMOCTH HnH HeAonycrnMocrn
860PT8, BblCTYn8eT no 3TOMY Bonpocy 1'1 n8n8 PHMCKHii.

HBpRAY C ecreCTBeHHblM npHpocTOM H8caneHHR perynHPYlOU\ee BQ3AeilcTBHe H8 p83MeU\eHHe

1'1 '1HCI1eHHOCTb HaeeneHHR 0K83blean8 (1'1 npoAOJllK8eT OK83b1BBTb) MHrp8l..lHR. H8npHMep,HaeeneHHe
3CTOHHH npeTepneno B XX BeKe 3H8'1HTenbHble H3MeHeHHR K8K B peaynbTBTe 3MHrpaLIHH, T8K 1'1
BCI1eACTBHe npHTOKB 1'13 APyrHX '18creil TorABWHero CCCP. HePBAKo MHrp8l..lHR npeACT8B/1R1l8
c060il npol..l8CC, H8BR38HHblii H3BHe. Y'IHTbIBBR 0c06eHHOCTH npol..l8CC8 yp68HH38I..IHH B 3CToHHH
MOlKHO CAen8Tb BbIBOA,'lTO 1'1 3TOT npollecc 6blll CKopee H8BR38HHbIM 1'1 He RBnRnCR ecreCTBeHHblM
XOAOM C06brrHii. B H8C11BACTBO H8M AOCTBn8Cb BeCbM8 CI10lKHaR AeMorpacPH'IecKaR 1'1 COl..IHBnbHO-
3KOHOMH'IeCKaR CHTYBLlHR, BblXOA 1'13 KOTopoil, 06ecne'leHHe HopMBnbHoil lKH3HH nlOAElii Tpe6y1OT
3H8'1HTenbHbIX YCHnHii 1'1 CpeACTB.

17
 1i13y>1... B TeMY, y>la~ ... AcSI AOnlKeH CYMeTb pa3bSlCH ... Tb, 'ITO TaKoe KOHTPOl1b
3ty
pOllCAaeMOCTM ... KaK ... e cy~eCTBYIOT OCHOBHble cnoc06b1 ero ocy~eCTBl1eH"'SI; 'ITO
npeACYaBllSlIOT c060A MMrpaQltIi ... OCHOBHble ee pa3HOBMAHOCT... ; ... MeTb npeACTaBl1eH ... e 06
ypt5aHM3aQltM.

~
• BonpocbI no T8KCTY

• nO'leMY B pa3Hble ... CTop"''1eCK... e 3nox... MHOrMe rOCYABPCTBa npeAnp ... H... Man ... nOnblTK ...
YCTaHOB ...Tb KOHTpOl1b HII,Q pOlKABeMOCTbIO?

• np ... BeA...Te np ... Mepbl pa311"''1HOrO OTHoweH ... SI K orpaH"''1eH ... 1O pOlKABeMOCT....

• KaKMe cj>OPMbl nepeCel1eH ... SI 3aCl1yJK... BalOT oc060ro nop"'~H"'SI? nO'leMY?

• KaK... e HelKel1aTel1bHble npOl.\eCCbI Bbl3b1BaeT yp6aH ... 3al.\"'SI?

BonpocbI AIIR 06CYlKA8HMR

• YeM MOlKHO 06bSlCH ... Tb, 'ITO ABlKe BHyrp... ·OAHoro l1arepSl" (Hanp ... Mep, cpeA'"
CTOpOHH ... KOB 6YAA... 3Ma) OTcyrcTByeT eA... HaSl n03 ... l.\"'SI no OTHoweH ... 1O K KOHTPOI1IO HII,Q
POlKABeMOCTblO?

• KaK Bbi OTHOC ...TeCb K Cl1eAYIO~eMY yreeplKAeH ... IO: I1IOA'" MeHSIIOT MeCTO lK... Tel1bCTBa
TOrAB, KOrAB ... X H9 YCTpa ... Ba9T np9lKH99 M9CTO npOlK... BaH ... SI; 60I1bW ... HCTBO I11OA9A
... CXOAMT np... CM9H9 M9CYa lK... T911bCTBa ... 3 3KOHOM"''19CK... X co06pBlKeH ... A. KaK Bbi
AYMa9T9,COOTB9TCTBY9T 11 ... 3TO yrB9PlKA9H ... 9 ... CT... H9?

38ABHMR

·B Y'!96H ... K9 np"'B9A9H AOCTaTO'lHO AIl ... HHblA nep9'19Hb cj>OPM nepeC9119H ... SI ,HapOAOB.
nOnbITaAT9Cb HaAlM ... 3 ... CTOp...... 3CTOHCKoro HapOAB COOTB9TCTBYIOl1\M9 np ... Mepbl M
aanMWMT9 MX.

18
3KOHOM~KA
HOCT~ ~
B nEPBO&blTHYIO 3nOXY, B 3nOXY APEB- .
B CPEAHEBEKOBbE
3
3HaKOMCTSO C HaceneHHeM MHpa, ero pa3Hopo.o.HOCTbIO H '1HcneHHocTblO, a Ta/OlCe C
.o.eMorparjJH'IeCKHMH npOl..leCCaMH .o.aeT 0630PHYIO KapTHHY KaK 0 rocno.o.CTSYIO~X s
cospeMeHHOM MHpe OTHoweHHRX Me~y nlO.o.bMH, TaK'H 0 conyrcTSYIOU4HX HM npo6neMax.

,aanee paCCMaTpHsalOTCR sonpocbI 3KOHOMHKH. TeMbi Ng 3 - 5 .o.alOT IqJBTKHH 0630P

3KOHOMH'IeCKOH HCTOPHH MHPB, OCSe)l(aR 3HaHHR, nOnY'leHHble s Te'leHHe HeCKonbKHX neT Ha
YPOKax HCTOpHH. TeMbi N!! 6 - 8 PBClqJblBBIOT cospeMeHHoe COCTORHHe MHPOSOH 3KOHOMHKH,
3HaKOMRT Hac C He,o.BSHHM npownblM, C nOnO)l(eHHeM He TonbKO Ha COCe,o.CTSYIOU4HX C HaweH
CTpaHOH TeppHTopHRX, HO H S p.pyrnx '1BCTRX MHpa. Bce 3TO OKB3b1SBeT Henocpe,o.CTseHHoe
BnHRHHe Ha Hac, Ha HawH S03MO)l(HOCTH.

TpeTbR TeMa npe.o.CTBBnReT C060H pe310Me 3KOHOMH'IeCKOH HCTOPHH '1enOSe'leCTSa S 3noxy

nepS06b1THOCTH, S p.pesHocTH H S cpe,o.HeseKosbe. He nop.ne)l(HT COMHeHHlO, 'ITO 3TH o6U4HS
3HBHHR COCTBBnRIOT '1BCTb 3HBHHH 06pB30saHHoro '1enOseKB. B PBMKax o6U4SCTsose,o.eHHR 3TH
3HaHHR n03S0nRIOT nOHRTb MaCWTa6b1 nporpecca, .o.OCTHrHyroro s 06naCTH 3KOHOMHKH 38
nocne,o.HHe CTOneTHR. C p.pyrOH CTOPOHbI,He,o.onYCTHMO 3B6b1BBTb 0 TOM,'1TO H cero.o.HR S MHPS
SCTPe'laIOTCR Hapo.o.bI, KOTopble )l(HSyr H se,o.yr X03RHCTSO p.pesHHM cnoco6oM.

BSH.o.y TOro, 'ITO MaTepHBn '1aCTH'IHO }')I(e 3HaKOM Y'laU4HMcR, MO)l(HO Ha npoxo~eHHe
TpeTbeH TeMbi SbI,IJ,enHTb O.o.HH YPOK.

BOCbMOM YPOK. 8
3KOHOMMK8 B nepBo6blTHYIO 3noxy, B 3noxy ApeBHOCTM M B
cpeAHeBeKoBbe (3.1, 3.2, 3.3)

C TO~KI1 3peHI1R o6~ecTBOBeAeHI1R, cpeAI1 pa311I1~HbIX aCneKTOB 3KOHOMI1~eCKO~ I1CTOPI1I1

~ellOBe~eCTBa OC06bl~ I1HTepec npeACTaBllRIOT OTHoweHI1R c06CTBeHHOCTI1 11 COL\I1B1lbHOe
nOll0lKeHI1e ~ellOBeKa. KpynHe~wl1e nepeMeHbl, KOTopble np0l130Wll11 B 3CTOHI111 3a
nOClleAHee AeCHTI111eTl1e,n03BOlll11111 KBlKAOMY I1I1~HO y6eAI1TbCH B TOM,~TO npeACTaBllHeT
c060~ 3KOHOMI1Ka,OCHOBaHHaH Ha 06~ecTBeHHo~ 11 Ha ~aCTHO~ c06CTBeHHOCTI1. KpoMe Toro,
cerOAHHWHHH 3CTOHI1H AaeT AOBOllbHO ~eTKoe npeACTaBlleHl1e 0 npOHBlleHI1HX
I1My~ecTBeHHoro HepaBeHCTBa 11I0Ae~.

0630P I1CTOPI1I1 nepB06blTHoro 06~ecTBa, ApeBHero BpeMeHI1 11 cpeAHI1X BeKOB

CBI1AeTellbcTByeT 0 TOM,~TO Bce,n03HaBaeMoe HaMI1 cerOAHH,npOHBllHll0Cb B CneL\I1<1>I1~ecKo~
<l>opMe 11 Ha 6011ee paHHI1X CTBAI1HX 06~eCTBeHHoro pa3BI1TI1H. Tenepb Mbl I1MeeM TaKlKe
npeACTaBlleHl1e 0 TOM, no KaKO~ npl1~I1He 11 KaKI1M 06pa30M np0I1CXOAI11111 B I1CTOPI1I1 CMeHbI
OAHoro cnoc06a np0l13BOACTBa APyrI1M.

MHoroe 113 Toro, ~TO xapaKTepHO AIlH COBpeMeHHO~ 3KOHOMI1KI1, 3apOAI1110Cb CTOlleTI1H
111111 AaJKe TbICH~elleTI1H Ha3BA. HblHeWHHH TeMa paCKpblBaeT B3al1MOCBH3b MelKAY TaKI1MI1
nOHHTI1HMI1 KaK c0611paTellbCTBO, OXOTHI1~eCTBO, pbl60110BCTBO, CKOTOBOACTBO, 3eMlleAell11e,
peMeCll0, ToprOBbl~ 06MeH, BblCOKaH L\I1BI111113aL\I1H, rOCYAapCTBO, pa60BllBAellb~eCTBO,
AeHelKHaH 3KOHOMI1Ka,CB060AHble I1IOAI1 11 KpenOCTHble,HaTYPBllbHOe X03H~cTBo,<I>eoAanbHbI~
CTPO~ 11 3axBaT KOll0HI1~.

B paMKax ABHHO~ TeMbl clleAyeT 06paTI1Tb oc060e BHI1MaHl1e Ha nOHHTI1H AeHelKH8A

3KOHOMMK8 11 a8X88T KonOHM", HBllHIO~l1eCH K111O~eBbIMI1 AIlH nOHI1MaHI1H MHOrl1X
noclleAYIO~l1x TeM.

19
->• Bonpocw no T8KCTY

• 'iTO C'lI1TB9TCSI 38B9pW9HI19M n9pB06b1THoA 3nOXI1 11 Ha'l8l10M AP9BH9ro BP9M9HI1?

• KaK pa3l111'181111Cb OTHOW9HI1S1 C06cra9HHOCTM 11 C0Ul1811bH09 nonOlK9HH9 '19nOB9KB B

3noxy n9pB06b1THOCTM H AP9BHOCTM?

• 'iTO C'lHTB9TCII OKO.H'IaHH9M AP9BHerO BP9M9HH H Ha'l8l10M CP9AH9B9KOBbSl?

• KaKo9 B03A9AcTBH9 OKa3b1B8I1H Ha pa3BHTH9 3KOHOMHKH KP9CTOBbl9 nOXOAbi

CP9AH9B9KOBbII?

• KaKH9 nocn9ACTBHSI AnSI pa3BKTMSI 3KOHOMHKH 3CTOHHH HM9no nOp8lK9HH9 B ApeBHeA

60Pb69 3a H938BHCHMOCTb?

Bonpocw AIIR 06CYlKAeHMR

• nO'l9MY npaBHT9nH n9pBbIX rocYABPcTB Ap9BH9ro BocToKa 06nBABnH 693rpaHH'IHO~

anaCTbIO?

• nO'l9MY HM9HHO C9nbCK09 X03RAcTBO np9AcTaBnRno co6oA B8lKHeAwylO oTpacnb

X03RAcTB9HHOA A9RT9nbHOCTM KBK B AP9BH9M MHp9, TaK H B n9pHoA Cp9AHeBeKoBbR?

• n0'l9MY Ha T9pPHTOpHH 3CTOHHH HHKOrAB B HCTOPHH He C~9CTBOB8I10 pa6CTBa?

20
PA3BMTME CEJ1bCKOrO X03S1AcTBA OT CPEAHMX BEKOB
AO COBPEMEHHOCTM 4
'1eTBepTBR TeM8 RBnReTCR npOIIOn)l(eHHeM TpeTbetf, paCCM8rpHBaR pa3BHTHe cenbCKoro
X03RtfCTB8 OT Cpe,o.HHX BeKOB 110 H8WHX IIHetf. B Te'leHHe TblCR'IeneTHtf CenbCKOe X03RtfCTBO
cn}')Klfllo OCHOBHblM ycnoBHeM C~eCTBOBaHHR '1enOBe'leCTBB, 'ITO HMeHHO 06ycnOBnHBaeT H
BHHM8HHe, KOTOpOe 3TOtf np06neM8THKe YlienReTCR.

311eCb CHOBa KOPOTKO nOBTopReTCR MHoroe, npoiiltleHHoe p8Hbwe H8 YPOKax HCTOpHH. TeM
C8MblM pe'lb He H,lIeT 06 YCBoeHHH npHHLjHnHanbHO HOBoro M8TepHan8, n03ToMY MO)l(HO
Orp8HH'IHTbCR OIlHHM YPOKOM. K TOMY )l(eLjeneC006pa3Ho paccMoTpeTb nOIiTeMY 4.4
(CoBpeMeHHble np06neMbi cenbCKoro x03RtfcTBa) n03)1(e, H8 ypoKe, nOC8R~eHHOM
3KOHOMH'IeCKHM np06neMaM COBpeMeHHOCTH B Ljeno";.

AEBRTbiA YPOK. 9
P83BMTMe cenbCKoro X03RAcTB8 OT CpeAHMX BeKOB AO cOBpeMeHHOCTM
(4.1, 4.2, 4.3)

B HaWH AHH MHoro rOBopHTCR 0 npeHM~ecTBax PbIHO'lHOro X03R~CTBa,IlH'IHO~ cBo6oAbi H

AeMOKpaTHH, cpaBHHBaR HX C BAMHHHCTpaTHBHo-KOMaHAHO~ 3KOHOMHKO~, OTcyrcTBHeM
AeMOKpaTHH H BAMHHHCTpaTHBHo-6IOpOKpaTH'IeCKHMH OrpaHH'IeHHRMH npaB H cBo6oA. BCR
HCTOPHR pa3BHTHR cellbCKoro X03R~CTBa RBIlReTCR HarllRAHblM nOATBepllC,[leHHeM TOro, 'ITO
IlH'IHaR CBo60AB H CBo60AB Bbl6HpaTb H3 MHOlKeCTBa BapHaHTOB ABIOT pa3BHTHIO MO~Hoe
YCKopeHHe. TaK KaK B AB11bHe~WeM B y..e6HHKe YAellReTCR MHoro MeCTa AeMOKpaTHH, B
paMKax AaHHoro YPOKa lIellecoo6pa3HO cocpeAOTO'lHTb BHHMaHHe Ha MaTepHane,
nOCBR~eHHOM cBo6oAe Bbl6opa,CBo6oAe Ae~CTBH~ H HX npeHMy~ecTBaM.

ClleAyeT HanOMHHTb,'1TO Bbl3Bano peBonlO~1O B cenbCKOM X03AAcTBe H KaKHe 6b1IlH ee

nOClleACTBHR. B onpeAelleHHOM CMblC11e Mbi '1YBCTByeM HenocpeACTBeHHoe B03Ae~CTBHe
peBOlllOlIHH B cellbCKOM X03RAcTBe BnllOTb AO COBpeMeHHOCTH. C APyro~ CTOPOHbl, Ha 3eMIle
cy~eCTBYIOT perHOHbl,rAe :3TOT npOllecc e~e He COBepWHIlCR.

BonpOCbl no TeKCyY
~
• B '1eM 3aK11IO'IanOCb OCHOBHoe OT11H'IHe KpenocTHoro nOMe~H'IberO
nOIlY'IHBWe~ pacnpOCTpaHeHHe B EBpone HOBoro BpeMeHH
X03R~CTBa OT
ct>eoAanbHoA
•
HaclleAcTBeHHoA peHTbI?

• KaKHe OCHOBHble ct>aKTOpbl TOPM03HIlH pa3BHTHe cellbCKoro X03R~cTBa B YC110BHRX

ct>eOAB11bHO~ HaclleACTBeHHo~ peHTbl H KpenocTHoro nOMe~W-lberO X03R~cTBa?

• B '1eM 3aK11IO'IanOCb OCHOBHoe YCIlOBHe peBOlllOlIHH B cellbCKOM X03R~CTBe?

• nepe'lHCIlHTe nOIlOlKHTellbHbie nOClleACTBHR peBOlllOlIHH B cellbCKOM X03R~CTBe.

BonpocbI AnR 06CYlKAeHMR

• npHHeC11a IlH peBOlllOlIHR B cellbCKOM X03R~CTBe C co6o~ HelKellaTellbHble HIlH BpeAHble

nOClleACTBHR?

• Ha KaKHe HCTOpH'IeCKHe ct>aKTbl MOlKeT onHpaTbCR pacnpOCTpaHHBwaSlCR B HblHeWHeM

BeKe B :3CTOHHH TO'lKa 3peHHSI, 'ITO :3CTOHHR SlBIlSleTCSI B OCHOBHOM
cellbCKOX03R~CTBeHHO~ CTpaHO~?

21
 PEMEcnO M MAHycz,AKTYPHASI npOMblWnEHHOCTb
5 nRTaR TSMS npot/OIlJl(HT 0630P 3KOHOMH'ISCKOR HCTOPHH MHpS. TeKCT p,BnSST 3KCKYPC S
H3MSHSHH~ KOTOp~S npoH30wnH B MenKOM npOH3BOp,CTBe B nepHOp, Cp~HeBeKOBb~ HO
OCHOBHOS Cot/ep)I(SHUe MSTepUBnS CBOp,UTCR K B~RsneHulO CBR3U C peBOnlO~He';; B CBnbCKOM
X03RRcTBS.

MBTBPUBn p,OCTSTO'lHO 06beMHCT, n03TOMY HS ero PSCCMorpeHHe MO)l(HO BbIIJ,enUTb p,BS

ypoKS. Hs nspBOM 3SHRTHU MO)l(HO yp,BnUTb BHHMSHue PS3BHTUIO MBnKOrO npOH3Bop,CTBS H
(/>oPMUposaHUIO np~noc~nOK IJ,nR npOM~wneHHoR peBonlO~HU, BTOPO';; YPOK OTBeCTU HS
paCCMOrpSHHS npoM~wnsHHO';; pSBonlO~UU H nocn~OBSBwero 3S 3THM f/JOPMHPOBSHUR
npoM~wneHHoro 06/l4eCTBS. nOp,TeMY 5.5,KOTOpSR KSCSSTCR npo~eCCOB nepBO';; nonOBUH~ xx
aSKS ((/>oPP.H3M, KOHBeRsPH3S~UR), MO)l(HO PSCCMOTpeTb n03)1(S, a PSMKax OTp,BnbHOrO YPOKS,
nOCBR/l4SHHOro H~HSWHSMY CTOnSTHIO.

AECSITblA YPOK.
100T CP8AH8B8KOBoro· M8nKoro npOM3BOACTB8 AO npOMblwneHHoro
n8p8BopOT8 (5.1, 5.2)

XOTII CBnbCKOB X03S1~CTBO HrpaBT 3Ha'lHTBnbHYIO ponb B CYllIBCTBOBaHHH 'lBnOBe'lBCTBa, Bro

H8nb3S1 paCCMaTpHBaTb KaK OTABnbHOB SlBnBHHB. IIICTOPHSI pa3BHTHSI npOMblwneHHOCTH TeCHO
CBSl3aHa C C8nbCKHM X03S1~CTBOM. Pa3BHTHB ABYX OCHOBHblX oTpacnB~ 3KOHOMHKH 6bln0
HBpa3pblBHO CBSl3aHO,OAHO 06ycnaBnHII8J10 APyroe. B pe3ynbTaTB HX COBM8CTHoro pa3BHTHSI
nOSlBHnHCb HOBbiB OTpacnH 3KOHOMHKH, KOTOPbl8 co Bp8MeHBM npH06pBTBnH Bce 60nbWBe
C8MOCTOSlTBnbHOB 3Ha'lBHHB.

Pa3BHTH8 npOMblwnBHHOCTH HBH368lKHO COnpOBOll(AanOCb pa3BHTHBM TeXHHKH, KOTopoe

OC06BHHO yCKopHnOCb B XVII BeKB H 6YPHO npoABHHynocb BnepeA B XIX BeKe. MHorHe
OTKpblTHSI HnH H306pBTBHHSI Toro Bp8MeHH WHPOKO npHMBHSlIOTCSI H B HaWH AHH.

C pa3BHTHBM npOMblwnBHHOCTH H TeXHHKH CBSl3aH ~8nbl~ PSIA nOHSlTH~, KOTopble

HB06xOAHMO 3HaTb. AnSI nOHHMaHHR MaTepHBna,KOTOPbl~ npeACTOHT OCBOHTb B ABnbHe~WBM.
OC0608 3Ha'l8HHB HMBIOT nOHSITHSI HseMHbdi PS60'lMM, MSHYcllaKTYPa, MOHononM3M.

~ BonpocbI no T8KCTy

• • nO'lBMY ~BXOB8R opraHH3a~R pBMBcneHHoro npOH3BOACTBa npBnSlTCTBOBBna pa3BHTHIO

npBAnPHHM'lHBOCTH H nBpBXOAY K HOBbiM cnoc06aM npoH3BoAcTBa?

•B '18M 38KnIO'lBnHCb CYllIBCTBBHHblB npeHMy~ecTBa MaHycjlaKTYPbl nepeA peMecneHHo~

MaCTepCKO~?

• KaKHB AQCTHlKBHHSI HaYKH H TBXHHKH XVII H XIX BBKOB npHMeHSIIOTCR H B HawH AHH?

Bonpoc AnR 06CJlICA8HMR

• KaK MOlKHO C TO'lKH 3PBHHR B03HHKHOBBHHSI MaHycjlaKTYpbl H pa3BHTHSI TBXHHKH o~eHHTb

YPOBBHb pa3BHTHR 3CTOHHH B XVII-XIX BBKSX?

22
OAMHHAA~TblA YPOK.
npOMblWneHHblA nepeBOpOT M cl»OPMMpoB8HMe npOMblwneHHoro 11
06~eCTB8 (5.3, 5.4, 5.5)

Mbi lKl1BBM B Ml1pe, KOTOPbliii <jlOPMI1POB8J1CS1 nOA BJlI1RHlleM npoMblwneHHbIX peBomo~iii.

CenbCKoe X03RiiicTBO no-npelKHeMY RBnReTCR OCHOBOiii Haweiii lKI13HI1, HO 6e3 nPRMOrO 11
c~eCTBeHHoro BKnBAa npoMblwneHHOCTIl .He YA8J10Cb 6b1 npOKOpMI1Tb HaCeneHlle 3eMnI1,
'1l1CneHHOCTb KOToporo HaC'II1TblBaeT 60nee wecTII Mllnnl1apAOB '1enOBeK. ~eCTBOBaHlle
'1enOBe'leCTBa 11 Ka'leCTBO lKI13HI1 HaXOARTCR B HenocpeAcTBeHHoiii 3aBI1CI1MOCTil OT
npOMblwneHHOCTIl.

XOTR npoMblwneHHbliii nepeBopOT np0l130Wen B pa3HbIX CTpBHax B pa3Hoe BpeMR, B

KOHe'lHOM C'IeTe COBpeMeHHaR KapTIIHa Milpa npeACTaBJIReT co6oiii pe3ynbTaT 3Toro o6~ero
npOl..\ecca. npOMblwneHHbliii nepeBopOT COnpOBOlKA8J1CR Be3Ae PRAOM cne~<jlI1'1eCKI1X
RBneHl1iii 6blCTPblM POCTOM 6aHKOBCKoro Aena 11 TpaHcnopTa, nORBneHlleM
npo<jleCCI10H8J1bHOrO o6pa30BaHIlR. npOMblwneHHbliii nepeBopOT OKa38J1 3Ha'lilTenbHOe
BJlI1RHlle 11 Ha COI..\l18J1bHbliii 06nl1K o6~ecTBa,C03ABB ycnOBI1R AnR nORBneHI1R 11 pa3BI1T11R
yp6aHl13al..\l1l1, 06~eCTBeHHblX KnaCCOB, npo<jleCCI10H8J1bHblX COI030B, nOnl1T11'1eCKI1X napTlliii,
COI..\l18J1bHOrO 06eCne'leHIlR.

Y'la~l1iiicR YCBOlln MaTepl18J1 Y'le6HI1Ka B AOCTaTO'lHOM o6beMe, ecnl1 OH B COCTORHI1I1

paCKPblTb 3Ha'leHile cneAyIO~l1x nOHRTlliii: npOMblwneHHblA nepeBopOT, npoMblwneHHoe
o6114eCTBO, Iq)M3MC nepenpOM3BOACTBB, KIIBCCOBoe o6l14eCTBo.

BonpocbI no TeKCTY
• "lTO Ha3blBaeTCR npOMblwneHHblM nepeBopoToM?

• KaKIlM o6pa30M peBOnlOI..\I1R B cenbCKOM X03RiiicTBe nOcnYlKllna npeAnOCblnKoiii

npOMblwneHHoro nepeBopoTa?

• K KaKIlM nocneACTBI1RM npllBOART KPl1311CbI nepenp0l13BOAcTBa?

• KaKlle 113BeCTHbie B COBpeMeHHYIO 3noxy ABl1lKeHI1R 11 OpraHl13a~OHHble <jlOPMbI 6epYT

CBoe Ha'l8J10 B npOTIlBOpe'lI1RX,06ycnoBneHHblx pa3BI1TI1eM np0I13BOACTBa?

•B '1eM OTnl1'111e cocnOBHoro o6~ecTBa OT 06~eCTBa KnaCCOBoro?

BonpocbI AJlR 06CYlKAeHMR

• 06bRCHilTe TeCHYIO CBR3b MelKAY nepeBopOTOM B cenbCKOM X03RiiicTBe 11 B
npOMblwneHHOCTI1,a TaKlKe peBOnlOl..\I1eiii B pa3BI1TI111 TeXHI1KI1.

• nO'leMY npoMblwneHHbliii nepeBopOT np0l130Wen npelKAe Bcero B AHrnl1l1?

• nO'leMY npoMblwneHHbliii nepeBopOT np0l130Wen B 3CTOHI111 paHbWe,'1eM B APyrl1x '1aCTRX

L1BpcKoiii POCCI1I1?

• 3anOnHilTe Ta6nl11..\Y AnR cpaBHeHI1R npl1Hl..\I1nl18J1bHblX 113MeHeHl1iii, KOTopble np0l130wnil

B pa3BI1TI111 cenbCKoro X03RiiicTBa 11 npOMblwneHHOCTIl B pa3Hble I1CTOpl1'1eCKlle 3noXil.

23
Ta6n..~ Hi 2
npHHl.II1nHBnbHble H3MeHeHHR B paaBHll1H C811bCKOro X03RRCTBa H npoMblW11eHHOCTH

CellbCKoe X03RRcTBO npOMblwlleHHocTb

nepBo6blTHoe o6~ecTBo

ApeBHocTb

CpeAHeBeKoBbe

HOBoe BpeMR

24
05l1.!.ECTBO YCnyr M MHCI)OPMA~MM

WeCTafl TeMa paCKpblBaeT XapaKTepHble ~epTbI pa3BHTHfI MHPOBOif 3KOHOMHKH B BeKe - xx

6
Cy~HOCTb 06~eCTBa ycnyr H HHq,OpMa~HH. B ycnoBHflX 3TOro 06~eCTBB )l(HBeM H MbI C BBMH.
Ho, KaK H3BeCTHO (06 3TOM roBOPHnOCb H npH paccMoTpeHHH BTOpoif TeMbI), cy~eCTByeT
3Ha~HTenbHblif pa3pblB B YPOBHflX pa3BHTHfI pa3flH~HblX rocy,o,apcTB H perHoHoB.

06~ecTBo ycnyr H HHq,opMa~HH B oCTOHHH 3Ha~HTenbHO OTnH~aeTCfI OT TaKOro 06~ecTBB

B CWA HnH flnoHHH, HO B TO )l(e 'BpeMfI He COBnap.aeT H C TaKHM 06~eCTBOM B 60nbWHHCTBe
crpaH Aq,pHKH.

WeCTafl TeMa nOCBfI~eHa paCCMOTpeHHIO xapaKTepHblX ~epT 06~eCTBa ycnyr H

HHq,opMa~HH, npo~ecca nocrynaTenbHoro pa3BHTHfI .0.0 COBpeMeHHoif CTap.HH. nOCKOnbK}'
paCCMaTpHBaeMble npo~eccbI npOTeKBnH B HblHeWHeM CToneTHH, He06xo,o,HMO y,o,enHTb
BHHMaHHe H HX npe,o,blCTOpHH. n03TOMY ~eneco06pa3HO 03HaKOMHTbCfI C KOHBeifepH3a~eif -
nepHo,o,OM HHTeHCHBHoro pa3BHTHfI npOMblwneHHOCTH, npe,o,weCTBOBBBWHM q,OPMHPOBBHHIO
06~eCTBa ycnyr H HHq,opMa~HH. nO,o,TeMa 6.4 'CoBpeMeHHble np06neMbI 3KOHOMH~eCKoro
n
pa3BHTHfl npe,o,cTa'BnfleT c060if BBe,o,eHHe B H3~eHHe TeM, nOCBfI~eHHblM 60nee rny6oKoMY
aHBnH3Y np06neM cOBpeMeHHoro MHpa.

Anfl paCCMorpeHHfI MaTepHana 3TOif TeMbI cne,o,osano 6b1 BbI,lJ,enHTb TPH YPoKa: nepBoe
3aHflTHe nOCBflTHTb BonpocaM q,OPMHPOBBHHfI 06~ecTBB ycnyr H HHq,opMa~H, BTopoe
H3~eHHIO Ha3BaHHblX cTap.Hif pa3BHTHfI 06~ecTBa, a Ha TpeTbeM no,o,BeCTH HTOnf H
nepeKHHYTb MOCTHK K paccMoTpeHHIO cOBpeMeHHblx np06neM pa3BHTHfI 3KOHOMHKH.

ABEHAAl4ATbIA YPOK.
OCHOBHble 'IepTbl pa3BMTMSI 3KOHOMMKM B XX BeKe (5.5, 6.1, 4.4) 12

nepeXOA B Ha'lane XX BeKa K npHH~HnaM cjIoPAM3Ma, KOTopble 06eCne'lHnH POCT

npOH3BOAHTenbHOCTH TpYAa, nonOlKHn Ha'lanO cerOAHSlWHeMY npeHMYll\eCTBY CWA nepeA
APyrHMH rOCYAapCTBaMH B 06naCTH 3KOHOMHKH. CWA HrpalOT TalOKe BeAYIl\YIO ponb B
nporpecce HaYKH H TeXHHKH B HblHeWHeM CToneTHH. CpeAH HaH60nee 6blCTPO
pa3BHBalOIl\HXCSI OTpaCllel1 HaYKH H TeXHOllorHH BeAYll\ee MeCTO 3aHHMalOT
TelleKOMMYHHKa~HH H Bbl'lHCllHTellbHaSl TeXHHKa. KH6epHeTHKa - OAHa H3 peBonlO~HOHHbiX
OTpaCllel1 HaYKH XX BeKa - nOSlBHllaCb TelKe B CWA. OTKPblTHSI, KOTopble 38l10lKHnH OCHOBbl
pa3BHTHSI SlAepHblx HcclleAOBaHHI1,6blllH cAellaHbl B APyrHx cTpaHax, HO cerOAHSI HHKTO He
COMHeBaeTCSI B TOM, 'ITO CWA3aHHMalOT nOllOlKeHHe OAHoro H3 llHAepOB H B 3T0l1 06naCTH.

nporpecc HaYKH H npOH3BOACTBa COnpOBOlKA8l1CSI B rOCYAapcTBax 3anBAa 6b1CTPbIM

pa3BHTHeM cellbCKoro X03S1I1CTBa. Oc06eHHO HarllSlAHO npOSlBHllOCb OTCTaBaHHe APyrHx
perHOHOB MHpa OT 6blCTPO pa3BHBalOIl\HXCSI 3anBAHbiX CTpaH nOClle BTOPOI1 MHPOBOI1 BOI1HbI
HMeHHO B 0611aCTH cellbCKoro X03S1I1CTBa. B Te'leHHH nO'lTH nonYBeKa OTAellbHYIO rpynny
COCTaBnSlllH T.H. CO~ManMCTM'IeCKMe cypaHbI. napBAOKC 3aKllIO'I8l1CSI B TOM, 'ITO 3a 50 neT
3TH rOCYABPCTBa TaK H He AOCTHrllH nepenpOH3BOACTBa - 3KOHOMH'IeCKOrO COCTOSlHHSI,
KOTOpoe OHH pe3KO KPHTHKOB8l1H, rOBOpSl BO BpeMSI XOllOAHOI1 BOI1HbI 0 HeAocTaTKax
KanHT8l1H3Ma. 5011ee Toro - B ~enOM OHH He CYMellH AOCTH'lb ABlKe 60nee-MeHee
YAOBlleTBopHTellbHoro 06eCne'leHHSI pblHKa npOAYKTaMH nHTaHHSI, XOTSI npHpOAHble H npO'lHe
YCllOBHSI 3TOMY He npenSlTCTBOB8l1H. (CYIl\HOCTb CO~anHCTH'IeCKoro nllaHOBoro X03S1I1CTBa
paCKpblBaeT B Y'le6HHKe Cne~H8l1bHaSl TeMa.)

CeroAHSI TPYAHOCTH, nOpOlKAeHHble CO~H8l1H3MOM, B npHH~Hne npeOAOlleHbI H C8MH

CO~H8l1HCTH'IeCKHe rOCYAapCTBa npeKpaTHnH cYll\eCTBOBaHHe. Ho no-npelKHeMY OCTPOI1
OCTaeTCSI np0611eMa OTCTaBaHHSI cenbCKoro X03S1l1cTBa B PSlAe rocYAapcTB A3HH H A¢PHKH
(BBHAY He611aronpHSlTHblX npHpoAHblX YCllOBHI1).

OCHoBHoe cOAeplKBHHe ypoKa YCBoeHo, eCllH BbI cYMeeTe paCKPblTb cOAeplKaHHe nOHSlTHI1
cjIoPAM3M H co~anMCTM'IeCKMe cTpaHbI.

25
 BonpocbI no T8KCTY
~
• • H830BMTe HeCKonbKO KnIO'IeBbiX nOHRTMH, KOTopble X8p8KTepM3YIOT npOllecc P83BMTMR
npOMblwneHHOCTM, H8YKM, TeXHMKM M cenbCKoro X03RHCTB8 B xx
BeKe.

• KOHBeHepH8R CMCTeM8, M306peTeHH8R B CWA, MMen8 CBOM nonOlKMTenbHble M

OTpMl.I8TenbHble CTOpOHbI. KaKMe?

• 5n8ro,qaPR KBKMM OTKpblTMRM BOwnM B MCTOPMIO H8YKM xx BeKB 8MepMK8HCKMe Y'leHble

,AlK. B. MOKnM M ,AlK. npecnep 3KKepT, Hop6epT BMHep?
• B KBKOH <l>opMe npORBnReTCR KP8HHRR CTeneHb 3cjlcjleKTMBHOCTM CenbCKOX03RHCTBeHHorO
npOM3BOACTB8 B COBpeMeHHOM MMpe?

BonpocbI AIIR 06CYlKA8HHR

• KaKMe 06CTORTenbCTB8 n03BonMnM CWA 38HRTb n03MlIMIO MMPOBOro' nMAep8 B ccjlepe
H8YKM M npOM3BOACTB8? KaK Bbi C'IMT8eTe, COXP8HMTCR nM 3TO HblHeWHee nOnOlKeHMe M
B 6YA~eM?

• KaKMe 8pryMeHTbI rOBopRT "38" npMMeHeHMe RAepHOH 3HeprMM M KBKMe "npOTMB"?

38A8HH8
• COCT8BbTe cp8BHeHMe H8 TeMY: "CWA M 3CTOHMR B xx BeKe - K8K 8p6ya M ropOWMH8?"

• YTO'lHMTe,K8KMe 8TOMHbie aneKTpOCT8HlIMM HaxOARTCR B HenocpeACTBeHHOH 6nM30CTM OT

rp8HMlI 3CTOHMM M B K8KMX CTP8Hax?

26
 TPMHAAl4ATbiA YPOK.
13
06~eCTBO ycnyr M MHcI>opMaqMM (6.2, 6.3)

YnOMftHyr~e B Ha3BaH~~ ypOKa nOHRT~ft xapaKTep~3~T ypoBeHb pa3B~~ft,~~A

BeA~M~ CTPaHaM~ M~pa. TaJ< Ha3b1BaeM~e nepeAOBbie rocYAapcma Aoc~rn... 3Toro ypoBHft,
a A06 ...Bw ... eCft Ha... 60IlbW ...X ycnexoB YJKe BbIWIl ... (1oIJ1 ... B 61llllJKaAwee BpeMft BblAAyr) ... 3 3TOA
CTaAIoI.... B TO lKe BpeMft B MHornx pernOHaJ< M~pa o6~o ycnyr M MHcj)oPM8,,"M ...
npBAOCTaBllfteMbie ~M 61lara AOCTY"Hbi nOKa Il~Wb npeACTae ...TellftM rOCYAaPCTBeHHOA 3J1 ...TbI.

B Te'leH~e CTOlleT... ii 'leIlOBe'leCTBO Me'lTaIlO 06Iler'l~Tb TftlKeCTb nOBCeAHeBHOrO TPYAa. B

pa3B~Tb1X cTpaHax npopblB B 3TOii ccpepe 6b11l AocT~rHyr B HblHeWHeM BeKe 61laroAaPft
aBTOMaT~3al..llol"" KaHYIl... B "'CTOp~1O AIl"'HH~e pa60'l~e AH'" B 14exax C BpeAHblM... AIlft
3AOPOBbft yCIlOB~ftM~ TPYAa Ha 3aBOAax npowlloro CTOIlBT... ft. HapftAY C KIlaCCOM 3aBOACKiolX
pa60'l"'x nOftB"'Il~Cb pa60TH"'K~ ccpepbl yCllyr (Tenepb OH~ HepeAKO npeBbiwalOT no
'l~ClleHHOCT'" pa60'l"'x), KOTopble C03AalOT yCIlOB~ft AIlft npOBeAeH~ft Aocyra. AAocyr IlIOAeA
yBell~'l"'BaeTCft no Mepe Toro, KaK aBToMaT~3al..llolft Bce 60llbwe oCB06olKA8eT ... x OT
BblnOIlHeH~ft pyr ... HHbiX TPYAOBblX onepa14... ii. np"'MeH~TellbHo K 06~eCTBaM, rAe
06CIlYJK~BaH~e npeBpaT...1l0Cb B cnel..llolcp~'lec~ ccpepy 3KOHOM ... K... , npI'IHftTO rOBop ...Tb 0
AocT"'lKeH~~ TaKoro YPOBHft pa3B~T~ft, KOTOp~ii nOIlY'l~1l Ha3BaH~e 06~eCTB8 ycnyr.

3HaKOMftCb Ha YPOKaJ< ~HcpopMaT~K~ C KOMnblOTepHblM AeIlOM, Bbi HaBepHftKa OC03HaIl~ TO

. orpOMHoe 3Ha'leH~e,KOTopoe B COBpeMeHHblX YCIlOB ... ftX ~MeeT ~HcpopMa14~ft. O'leBIoIAHO ... TO,
'ITO B Aelle nepeAa'l~ ~HcpopMa14~'" KOMnblOTepHaft ceTb 3aH ... MaeT cerOAHft YJKe 3Ha'l"'TellbHO
60llee YCToii'l~Bble n03~14~~,'leM APyr... e TeXH"''leCK... e cpeACTBa,Hanp"'Mep TelleB~AeH~e "'Il~
ne'laTb. Bce B03paCTalO~ee 3Ha'leH~e ~HcpopMa14~~ B COBpeMeHHOM M~pe np~BOA"'T Hac K
BblBOAY 0 TOM,'lTO 'leIlOBe'leCTBO Ha nyr... CBoero pa3B~T... ft Bcryn ...110 B anoxy MHCPOPM8,,"M.

BonpOCbl no TeKCTY
~
• Ha30B~Te TP~ TPaA"'14~OHHbIX ceKTopa HapOAHoro X03ftiicTBa. •
• 1i13 KaK~X 'lacmii COCTO~T ceKTOp 06CIlYJK"'BaH~ft?

• KaK Bbl paCKpblll'" 6bl COAeplKaH ... e nOHftT~ft ·06~eCTBO ~HcpopMal4lol~·?

BonpOCbl AIUI 06CYlICAeHMR

• MOlKHO 11... cornaC~TbCft C yrBepJKAeH ... eM, 'ITO Tp'" TPaA"'I..IIoIOHHbIX ceKTopa 3KOHOM~K~
~rpall~ pa31l~'lHYIO POllb B np014eCce ... CTop"''leCKOrO pa3B~T... ft 'leIlOBe'leCTBa? KaK... e
apryMeHTbl Bbl Morn ... 6bl np~BeCT'" B nOAAeplKKY cBoeii TO'lK'" 3peH ... ft?

• YeM rp03~T OTAellbHOMY ~HA~BIoIAY ~ 06~eCTBY B 14eIlOM yBell~'leH ... e CB060AHoro

BpeMeH~ IlIOAeii, B~3BaHHoro np014eCCOM aBTOMaT~3al..llol"'?

• 3aBepW~TCft 11 ... anoxa ~HcpopMal..llol"'? YTO nplolAeT eii Ha CMeHY?

38A8HMe
• Co'l~H~e cpaHTaC~'lecK~ii paCCKa3 Ha TeMY '?K1-13Hb 6e3 CpBACTB ~HCPOPMaI..IIoI"'·'

27
14 'tETblPHAAl4ATbIA YPOK.
CoBpeMeHHble np06neMbi MMPOBOM 3KOHOMMKM (6.4)

rpo35l~e 'lenOB9'leCTBY onaCHOCT , paCCMOrpeHlll1O KOTOpblX nOCB51~eH STOT Y'le6Hblt; TeKCT,

nplllHSlTO Ha3blBaTb rno6am.HblMM npo6neMaMM. OleBIII,D,H ,CBOIII T.H. 'lepHble C49Hapllllll pa3BI11l1R
~eCTBOBanIII B KalJ(,Il,YIO snoxy - TO nlOAlll )I(,IJ,aJ1111 CBeTOnpeCTaBneHIIIR; TO npl!IAE!PJKi'1BanIllCb MHeHIIIR,
'ITO AOCTIIIJKeHIIIR HaYJ<l1 III TeXHJ-IKill HaHOCSIT ~p6 ~eCTBOBaHIllIO PQAa'lenOB9'lecKoro (HanplllMep,
KOrp,a-TO MHOrille OTHOCJ-lnIllCb C nOA03peHllleM AalKe K napoBooaM); TO BbICKa3bIBanIllCb onaceHIll ,'ITO
KaKoe-HIII6YAb 3a6oneBaHJ-Ie OKalKeTCR KaTaC1PO¢lII'lecKIIIM AnA 'lenOB9'lecTBa B l.I9nOM III T.,Q. CerQAHR
06b1'lHO roBOpSlT 0 HeCKOnbKIIIX OCHOBHblX OnaCHOCTR , npeACTaBnRIOUlIIIX yrpooy AnSI nIOAet;. B
nQAaBnRIO~eM 60nbWIIIHcme STO yrpo3 , o6ycnOBneHHbie AemenbHOCTblO caMoro 'lenOBeKa,
B03Aet;CTBYIO~ero Ha OKPYJKaIO~YIO cpeA ,a TeM caMblM III Ha co6CmeHHYIO lKIII3Hb. B nocn9AHllle
~eTIIISl HaIII60nee '!aCTO roBOpSlT 0 TaKIIIX rno6anbHblX npo6neMaX KaK 3arpH3HeHMe npMJXlAbl,
TeI1IIH'IHblii! 3CIKIleKr, 3HeprenI'IeCKMA KpM3MC, AAM0rp8cjM'lecKMii! II3PbIB III HeKOTOpble APYrille
RBneHIllSI. Bee nepe'llllcneHHble ¢aKTOpbl BQ3Aet;CTBYIOT Ha YPOaeHb M Ka'lecT1lO Haweii! _ M .

OAHa 1113 3aAa'l 06~eCTBOBeAeHIIIR 3aKnIO'laeTCSI B TOM, 'lTo6bl nOMO'lb nlOASlM Y3HaTb III
OCMblcnlllTb HeraTIIIBHbie nocneACTBIIIR COBpeMeHHblX npo~eCCOB B MIllPOBOt; SKOHOMIilKe.
50nee TOro - KalKAblt; 'lenOBe.K AOnlKeH nOHRTb, 'ITO Bce HeraTIIIBHoe B STOt; c¢epe TaK IIInlll
IIIHa'le KacaeTCR Bcex Hac.

•
BonpOCbl no TeKCT}'
~
• • KaK 3arpSl3HeHille nplllpOAbl Ha 3eMne IIInnlOcTplllpyeT HepaBHOMepHOCTb HblHeWHero
pa3BJ-ITIllSI rOCYAapCTB III perIllOHOB?
"
• B 'leM npORBnReTCR Hepa'lIllTenbHoe OTHoweHllle nlOAet; K CBoet; nnaHeTe?

• B 'leM pa3HIII~a MelKAY nOHRTIIIRMIll "YPOBeHb lK1II3HIII" III "Ka'leCTBO lKIII3HIII"?

Bonpoc AIUI 06CYlKAeHMR

• B03MOlKHO nlll, 'ITO HeKOTopble 1113 npo6neM, C'lIllTalO~lIIxCR cerOAHR rno6anbHblMIII, Ha

caMOM Aene He npeACTaBnRIOT yrp03bl AnSI 'lenOBe'leCTBa? Mornlll 6bl nlll Bbl nplllBecTIll
KOHKpeTHble nplllMepbl?

3aAaHMR

• Pa3AenillTe Y'la~IIIXCR B pa6o'lllle rpynnbl III HanlllWIllTe rpynnoaylO pa60TY Ha TeMY:

"MelKAYHapoAHaR 3a~IIITa nplllpoAbl III KOAeKc 3anpe~eHHblx BIllAOB AeRTenbHOCTIll B
OTHoweHlII1II nplllpOAbl".

• 06cYAlilTe KOAeKCbl, HanlllcaHHble pa3HblMill rpynnaMIll III Ol..leHIIITe, B KaKot; CTeneHIll STili
KOAeKCbl MOlKHO C'lIllTaTb peanillCTIII'lHbIMIll III IIIC'lepnbIBalO~IIIMIll.

28
nSlTHAAL4ATbIM YPOK.
Pe310Me OCHOBHblX 'IepT 3KOHOMM'IeCKoi'i MCTOPMM 'IenOBe'leCTB8 15
(TeMbl 3, 4, 5, 6)

PBCCMOTpeHHblM no TeMBM 3 - 6 06WHPHblM Y'le6HblM MBTepHan Aan BeCbMB nOAP06HblM

0630P cYlJ.(eCTBeHHblx 'IepT 3KOHOMH'IeCKOM HCTOPHH 'IenOBe'leCTBB. B COOTBeTCTBHH C
norHKoM nporpBMMbI KYPCB 061J.(eCTBOBeAeHHfl npecneAOBanBcb ~enb PBCKPblTb CO~HanbHoe
COAepJKBHHe 3KOHOMHKH. To eCTb, Y'lBIJ.(HecR, YJKe 3HBR, KBK cOBepweHcTBoBanHcb npHeMbi
TPY,llB H KBKHe nepeMeHb/ npoH30wnH B cnoco6ax npOH3BO,llCTBB, HB cpoHe 3TOM HHCPOPMB~HH
cYMenH nOHRTb pBcrylJ.(He B 061J.(eCTBe CO~HanbHble npo6neMbi. npHMepBMH TBKHX npo6neM
RBnRIOTCR yrny6neHHe HepBBHoMepHOCTH PB3BHTHR roCY,llBPCTB H perHoHoB, CPOPMHpoBBHHe
B3pblBoonBcHoM CHryB~HH, CBR3BHHble C 3THM npo6neMbi 3THKH H MopanH, YCHneHHe
3BBHCHMOCTH 'IenOBeKB OT C03,O,BHHblX HM CBMHM ycnoBHM - CPOPMHpoBBHHe onBcHoM ,llnR
JKH3HH COCTORHHR OKPYJKBlOlJ.(eM Cpe,llbl, HOBbiM ,llnR MHorHX nlO,lleM Bonpoc 0 "npe,llHB3HB'IeHHH
WI,llHBH,llB", nCHxonOrH'IeCKH o6ycnOBneHHblM H3MeHeHHRMH ypOBHR H KB'IeCTBB JKH3HH H T.,ll.

TeM CBMblM Y'lBIJ.(HeCR nonY'lHnH npe,llCTBBneHHe 0 TOM, 'Iepe3 KBKHe 3TBnbl PB3BHTHR H B
pe3ynb TaTe KBKHX BBJKHeMWHX npo~eCCOB 'IenOBe'leCTBO ,llOwno ,llO CerO,llHRWHeM CHryB~HH,
KOTOPYIO TPY,llHO HB3b/BBTb onTHMHCTH'IeCKoM.

6erno paCCMOTpeB OCHOBHble 3Tanbl 3KOHOMIII'IeCKOIii IIICTOPIIIIII '1enOBe'leCTBa, Mbl nplllwnill K

BbIBOAY,'1TO nocrynamnbHoe pa3BIIITI1e nplllBeno nlOAelii K He06xOAlliMOCTill pewaTb np06neMbl,
nOSlBneHllle KOTOPblX nonBeKa Ha3a,D. He CYMen npeABIllAeTb HIilKTO. :3TIII np06neMbl, K
COlKBneHllllO, Henb3S1 Bbl'lepKHYTb 1113 AelilcTBIllTenbHOCTlII,lIInlll 06bSlBI1Tb HeCYLl.\eCTBYIOLl.\IIIMIll -
HblHewHllle III 6YAYLl.\lIIe nOKoneHIllSI nlOAelii BblHYlKAeHbl 3aHSlTbCSI pa60Tolii Ha,D. oWIll6KaMIli. AnSI
3Toro nlOASlM He06xOAlliMO nOHSlTb, B '1eM 3aKnIO'IBnIllCb OWIII6KIII III KaKIIIMIll cpeACTBaMIll MOlKHO
3TIII oWIII6KIII IIIcnpaBIllTb. iii Bce nlll oWIII6KIII YAaCTCSI IIIcnpaBIIITb?

38AaHMH
~
• COCTaBbTe C006Ll.\eHllle Ha TeMY "CerOAHSI Mbl nplll3HaeM B'IepaWHllle oWIII6KIII" (nepe'leHb
rn06BnbHbiX npo6neM, Bbl3BaHHbiX pa3BIIITilleM 3KOHOMIIIKill B MIllPOBblX MacwTa6ax).
•
·3anlllwlllTe OCHOBHble Te3111Cbl AIliCKYCCI1I11 Ha TeMY "CYLl.\eCTBeHHble oWIII6KIII AonYCKBnIllCb
B pa3BIIITIIIIII npOMblwneHHOCTIll YlKe AaBHO" III YCTHO 1113nOlKillTe apryMeHTbl B
nOATBeplKAeHllle Te3I11COB.

• HanlllwlllTe KopOTKoe 3cce Ha TeMY "Bo BceM BI1HOBaT 06pa3 MblwneHIllSI '1enOBeKa".

• 06cYAlliTe Bonpoc, KaK rn06BnbHbie np06neMbi 3aTparillBalOT COBpeMeHHYIO :3CTOHIllIO III

4eM OHIII Bb13BaHbl.

29
 B 3TOM ps~ene Mbi PSCCMOrp/llM APyrylO cC/Jepy 06IL/eCTBeHHOH )I(/II3H/II,XOm nOKS HSWe
BH/IIMSH/lle 6y,qeT nO-npe)l(HeMY CKOH~eHrp/llpOBSHO HS Bonpocax 3KOHOM/IIK/II. /lf3}"1eH/IIe
OC06eHHOCTeH nnSHOBOH 3KOHOM/IIK/II /II CO~/IIan/ll3MS ,qSeT }"ISIL//IIMCR npe,qCTSaneH/IIe 0
nOn/llT/II'I6CKOH CYIL/HOCT/II ,qeMOIqJST/II'lecKoro /II He,qeMOKpST/II'lecKoro 06IL/eCTBS, npe,qCTSBnRR
co6otl o6pS3e~ SHan/ll3S onpe,qeneHHblX 3KOHOM/II'IeCK/IIX yenOB/IIH.

Y'le6H/IIK PBCCMSTp/llBSeT nnSHOBYIO 3KOHOM/IIKy KSK /II BCIO npe,qweCTBYIOIL/YIO /IICTOP/ll1O

M/IIPOBOH 3KOHOM/IIK/II npe~e Bcero ~ CO~/IIanbHO-nOn/llT/II'IeCKOH TO'lK/II 3peH/IIR. OCHOBHOH
SK~eHT ,qBnSeTCR HB nOnO)l(eH/II/II '1enOBeKS B 06IL/eCTBe, KOTOpoe )I(/IIBeT no 3SKOHSM nnSHOBOH
3KOHOM/IIK/II.

Y'Ie6H/IIK He PSCKpblBseT TSlOKe nOAP06HO oco6eHHocT/II PblHO'IHOti 3KOHOM/IIK/II. (BocbMSR

TeMS nOCBRIL/eHS cpSBHeH/II1O 60rsTbix /II 6e,qHblx CTPSH, ,qeBRTsR PSCCMSTp/llBSeT
cne~C/J/II'IeCK/IIe npo6neMbi cC/Jepbl C/J/IIHSHCOB.) n03TOMY 3,lleCb ~enecoo6pS3HO nspannenbHo
PSccMoTpeTb /II HeKoTOpble cooTBeTcTBYIOIL//IIe BonpocbI PblHO'IHOH 3KOHOM/IIK/II. Ho np/ll 3TOM
ene,qyeT He 3s6b1BSTb 0 TOM, 'ITO 3SHRT/IIR npOBO,QRTCR B PSMKax K}'PCS 06IL/eCTBOBe,qeH/IIR, S He
... no 3KOHOM/II'IeCK/IIM ,q/llC~/IInn/llHSM - BHfIIlVIBHflle HB,qO COCpe.qOTO'IfIITb HB .qeMCTBlfIO~X
811JICOHOlVlepHOCTRX fII Ha Bbl8BaHHblX fIIlVlfII nocne.qCTBfIIRX; Hac He fIIHTepeCJlIOT
.qOCTfllrHJlTbie B o6nacTfII 3ICOHOlVlfllICfII JlcnexfII.
,
.anR MHOr/llX /113 HSC CO~/IIan/ll3M RBnReTCR He,qSBHelii /IICTOp/lleH, He 3s6b1TblM eIL/e 3TsnOM
)I(/II3H/II, no,q B~eHCTB/IIeM KOTOPOro C/JOPM/IIPOBBnOCb Hswe M/IIPOB033peH/IIe. A nnSHOBSR
3KOHOM/IIKS RBnRnSCb Cpe,qOH, B ycnOB/IIRX KOTOPOti Mbi BblH}l)K.lJ.eHbI 6b1n/ll )I(/IITb. /If cero,qHR
nnSHOBSR 3KOHOM/IIKS npo,qon)l(SeT cYIL/eCTBOBsTb KSK npSKT/IIKS X03RHCTBOBSH/IIR, BeCbMS
)I(/IIB}"I/IIM/II OKS3b1BSIOTCR /II nopo~eHHble elO ws6noHbI MblWneH/IIR. /lfHor,qs /II B 3CTOH/II/II
MO)l(HO ycnblwsTb yrBep~eH/IIR, 'ITO pSHbwe )I(/II3Hb 6b1ns n}"lwe. n03TOMY He06xo,q/llMO 60nee
nOAP06HO /113}"1/11Tb nnsHoBYIO 3KOHOM/IIKy, PSCKPblTb ee CYLLIHOCTb. Y'ISIL//IIeCR ,qon)l(Hbi
pS306pSTbCR, B '1eM 3SIU1IO'ISIOTCR CYLLIeCTBeHHble pS3n/ll'l/llR Me)l(llY nnsHoBoti 3KOHOM/IIKOlii /II
cero,qHRWH/IIM COCTORH/IIeM PS3B/IIT/IIR 06IL/eCTBS. On/llpSRCb HS 3T/II 3HSH/IIR, OH/II ,qon)l(Hbi
CYMeTb Ol.jeH/IITb, npSB/IInbHO n/ll nocryn/llno 3CTOHCKoe 06IL/eCTBO, np/llHRB peWeH/IIe
BOCCTSHOB/IITb rocy,qspCTBeHHYIO He3SB/IIC/IIMOCTb 3snS.QHoro T/Ilns. 3TO peWeH/IIe B8)I(HO C
TO'lK/II 3peH/IIR COXpSHeH/IIR Hswelii rocy,qspCTBeHHOCT/II /II n03TOMY npe,qnonsrseT '1pe3BbI'ISHHO
OTBeTCTBeHHoe nOBe,qeH/IIe.

nnSHOBoeX03RHCTBO ~eneco06pS3HO PSCCMOTpeTb B Te'leH/IIe Tpex YPOKOB. nepBbllii /113 H/IIX

nOCBRIL/BeTCR PSCKPblT/II1O CYIL/HOCT/II nnSHOBolii 3KOHOM/IIK/II /II ee nOn/llT/II'IeCKOH HS.QCTpoIiiK/II
COBeTCKoro T/IIns - nSpT/IItiHOro rocy,qspCTBS, S TSK)I(e nnlOCOB /II M/IIHYCOB CO~/IIan/ll3MS. Hs
BTOPOM 3SHRT/II/II PSCCMSTP/llBSIOTCR np/ll'l/llHbI pS3Bans COI.j/llan/llCT/II'IeCKOIii C/IICTeMbi /II
npOCne)l(/IIBSIOTCR YC/IIn/llR, KOTopble rocy,qspCTBS npe,qnp/llH/IIMSIOT .QnR nepexo,qs OT
KOMaIlAHO-S.QM/IIH/IICTPST/IIBHOIii C/IICTeMbi X03RliicTBOBSH/IIR K PblHO'IHOIii 3KOHOM/IIKe. Bo BpeMR
rpeTbero YPOKS MO)l(HO 6b1no 6b1 npOSHBn/ll3/11POBSTb nepCneKT/IIBbi nOCTCO~/IIan/llCT/II'IeCK/IIX
CTpaH, He 3s6b1BBR B TO )l(e BpeMR 0 TOM, 'ITO OT CO~/IIan/llCT/II'IeCKOrO nyr/ll PS3B/IIT/IIR
OTKa3Bn/llCb ,qaneKO eIL/e He Bce rocy,qspCTBS.

30
w~TblA YPOK. 16
rln8HOBoe X03RMC'T1IO. n8pntMHoe rocYASpcnIO. HOMeHKII8TYP8. rlnlOClol M
MMlfYCbI COqM8nM3M8 (7.1. 7.2. 7.3)

B xOAe CBoero 3KOHOMI1'IeCKOro pa3BI1TI1R '1eIlOBe'leCTBO onp060aano pa3J1I1'1Hble <j)OPMbI 11

CI1CTeMbi X03RHCTBOBaHI1R. 'ieM 61ll1lKe OHI1 K HaM no BpeMeHI1, TeM 60llbwe Mbi 0 HI1X 3HaeM.
npl1Hl..II1n lleHTpalll130BaHHoro 06111eCTBeHHoro YCTPOHCTBa,npl1 KOTOPOM BCR lKI13Hb 06111eCTBa
nQA'II1HRllaCb KOHTPOIlIO CBblWe,6b1J1 113BeCTeH 11 Ha paHHI1X 3Tanax I1CTOPI1I1 '1eIlOBe'leCTBa.
CaMOH 61l113KOH K COBpeMeHHOCTI1 <j)OPMOH nOA06Horo 06111eCTBeHHOrO YCTpOHCTBa 6b1J1
C0I4ManM3M. K cerOAHRwHeMY AHIO B 3CTOHI111 3aBepweH 3KCnepl1MeHT, KOTOPblA
npOAOlllKal1CR 50 lleT, HO Koe·rAe B Ml1pe OH ellle npOAOIlJKaeTcR.

B Te'leHl1e nOIlYBeKa noclle BTOPOH MI1POBOA BoAHbI Ml1p lKI1ll B YCIlOBI1RX BoeHHoro
npOTI1BOCTORHI1R AByx CI1CTeM lKI13HeHHOro YCTpoHcTBa • oCHoBaHHoA Ha nnaHoBoA
3KOHOMMKe 11 Onl1palOWeHcR Ha PbIHO'lHYIO 3KOHOMI1KY. B I1TOre 3TOA KOH<j)pOHTalll1l1 Bonpoc
KTO Koro? 6blll peweH B nOllb3Y PblHO'lHOA 3KOHOMI1KI1. MHorl1e IlIOAI1 B 6b1BWI1X
COlll1a1lI1CTI1'1eCKI1X cTpaHax AO CI1X nop C'II1TaIOT,'1TO C0l..ll1a1ll13M nory6l1lla AeRTellbHOCTb
HeCKOllbKI1X nOIlI1TI1'1eCKI1X IlI1AepOB, B nepBYIO O'lepeAb Ml1xal1lla rOp6a'leBa. B
AeHCTBI1TellbHOcTI1 lKe TaKoH I1CXOA He 6blll cllY'laAHblM, OH nOIlHOCTbIO COOTBeTCTBOBaIl
3aKOHOMepHOCTRM 3KOHOMI1'1eCKOrO 11 C0411a1lbHOrO pa3BI1TI1R 06111ecTBa. ECIlI1 Mbi
3al1HTepeCoBaHbi B AaIlbHeHWeM pa3BI1TI111 HaweH lKI13HI1, Mbi caMI1 AOlllKHbI I1MeTb RCHoe
npeAcTaBlleHl1e 0 llellRx, KOTOPblX He06xOAI1MO A06I1TbCR. Y6eAI1TbCR B npaBl1llbHOCTI1 Toro
111111 I1Horo peWeHI1R MOlKHO TOllbKO nOClle OCHOBaTellbHoro aHaIll13a Bcex B03MOlKHblX
Bapl1aHTOB,l1X nlllOCOB 11 MI1HYCOB.

MaTepl1a1l ypoKa nOMOlKeT YRCHI1Tb, B '1eM 3aKllIO'IaIlaCb HeCOCTORTellbHOCTb npl1CYll.lI1x

COlll1a1ll13MY nllaHOBOH 3KOHOMI1KI1, BceOXBaTbiBalOlllero napTMAHoro PYKOBOACTBa 11
CBR3aHHOH C BllaCTblO HOMeHKIlaTYPbI. 3Ta HeCOCTORTellbHOCTb BbiRCHReTCR B pe3YIlbTaTe
cpaBHeHI1R nlllOCOB 11 MI1HYCOB COlll1a1ll13Ma.

BonpocbI no TeKcTy
• nepe'lI1CIlI1Te xapaKTepHble '1epTbi C0l..ll1a1ll13Ma B COBeTCKOM COI03e.

• B 'IBM OTJ1I1'Il1e IlI1'lHOH co6creeHHOCTI1 nepl1QQ;1 ~ OT 'IaC1lICli1 co6craeHHOCTl1?

->•
• 'iTO Bbl nOHI1MaeTe nOA nOHRTl1eM "HOMeHKIlarypa"?

• nepe'lI1CIlI1Te nlllOCbl 11 MI1HYCbI COlll1a1ll13Ma.

BonpocbI AJlR 06CYlKAeHMR

• KOMY 6blll0 BblroAHo cTporo lleHTpalll130BaHHoe SAMI1HI1CTpaTI1BHO·KoMaHAHoe
06111eCTBeHHoe YCTPOHCTBO COBeTCKoro Tl1na?

• 'iTO 03Ha'laeT nOHRTl1e "I1HaKOMbiCIll1e"? MOlKHO 1111 ceroAHR BCTpeTI1Tb I1HaKOMbiClll1e B

3CTOHCKOM 06111eCTBe?

• KaK Mor '1eIlOBeK nonaCTb B COCTaB HOMeHKIlayypbl?

• MOlKHO 1111 YTBeplKAaTb, 'ITO B onpeAelleHHblX YCIlOBI1RX nlllOCbI COlll1a1ll13Ma

nepeBeWI1BaIll1 ero MI1HYCbl?

38A8HMR

• COCTaBbTe cpaBHeHl1e ")I(113Hb npl1 C0l..ll1a1ll13Me • '1eIlOBeK 113 HOMeHKIlayypbl 11 PRAOBOA

rp8JKA8HI1H" •

·OnpOCI1Te POAHblX, 3HaKOMbiX 111111 He3HaKOMbiX 11 BbiRCHI1Te, KaKYIO OlleHKY ASIOT

pa31l11'1Hble IlIOAI1 CerOAHR, nO'lTI1 10 lleT noclle KPyweHI1R C0lll1a1ll13Ma, 3TOMY
06111ecTBeHHoMY YCTPOHCTBY. npOBeAI1Te B KIlacce aHaIll13 pe3YIlbTaToB onpoca.

31
17 CEMHAAlV'TbiA YPOK.
Yn8AOK COQMBnM3M8, nepexoA K PblHO'fHOM 3KOHOMMKe (7.4, 7.5)

COl..llolaml3M MOlKHO paCCMaTp"'BaTbcerOAHR KaK ",cTopwiecK",ii 3Kcnep"'MeHT,KoTOPblii RBHO

He YABnCR. TeM He MeHee AO c"'x nop MOlKHO ycnblwaTb COJKaneH"'R no nOBoAY KPyweH"'R
CO~"'Bn"'3Ma,'lTO KaK-H",6YAb MOlKHO 6b1no npOAOnlK"'Tb np"'BbI'lHblii 06pa3 lK"'3H"'. Ho C TO'lK'"
3peH"'R "'CTOP"'''' cocnaraTenbHoe HaKnOHeH",e pe'l'" n",weHO cOAeplKaH"'R. I-1CTOP"'R
paccMarp"'BaeT KOHKpeTHbie C06blTHR ",n", c"'rya~",,,,, KOTopble AeiicTB"'TenbHO "'Men", MeCTO
",n", npO"'30wn", "'MeHHO TaK, KaK OH'" npO"'30wn", Ha caMOM Aene. HaM He"'3BeCTHO, 'ITO
nonY'l",nOCb 6bl, npo"'30iiAH Bce nO-APyrOMY - B 3TOM CMblcne B "'CTOP"'''' HeT MeCTa
BnbTepHaT"'BaM. YpOK nOMOlKeT pa306paTbCR B np"''l'''Hax, KOTopble npeAonpeAen",n",
"'CTOp"''leCKyIO HelK"'3Hecnoc06HOCTb COI..llolBn"'3Ma. B MaTep"'Bne TaKlKe nepe'l"'CneHbl
np"''l'''Hbl '" 06CTORTenbCTBa, KOTopble 06ycnoB",n", '" YCKop",n", KpyweH",e COI..llolBn"'3Ma.

Pe'lb HAeT TaKlKe 06 OCHOBHblX np06neMax, C KOTOPbIM'" CTBnK"'BaIOTCR rocYAapcTBa,

np",cryn"'Bw",e K nepexoAY OT COI..llolBn"'3Ma K PbIHO'lHOii 3KOHOM"'Ke, '" 'ITO AenaeTCR AnR
npeOAoneH"'R 3T"'X TPYAHOCTeii.

~ BonpocbI no TeKcty

• • COCTaBbTe nepe'leHb npORaneH",ii, "'3 KOTOPblX RBcTByeT, 'ITO COll"'Bn"'3M He BblAeplKBn

3KOHOM"''leCKOii KOHKypeHI..IIoI'" C 06~eCTBOM PbIHO'lHOii 3KOHOM"'K"'.

• KaK rOCYABPCTBa 3anBAS YCKop",n", KpyweH",e COll"'Bn"'3Ma?

B 'leM 3aKnIO'laIOTCR Ha",60nbw",e np06neMbl, C KOTOPbIM'" CTanK"'BaIOTCR

nOCTCOI..llolBn"'CT"''leCK",e CTpaHbI?

BonpocbI AIlS! 06CYlKAeHI-1R

• KaK Bbl C'l"'TaeTe - np"'MeHReTCR n", B SCTOH"'''' MeAneHHblii ",n", 6blCTPblii nepeXOA OT
aM"'H"'CTpaT"'BHO-KOMaHAHoii C"'CTeMbi X03RiicTBOBaH"'R K 3KOHOM"'Ke cB060AHoro
pblHKa?

• KaK",e np06neMbi "'3 Tex, KOTopble SCTOH"'''' npeACTO"'T pew"'Tb B npOllecce nepeXOAB K
PblHO'lHOii 3KOHOM"'Ke, Bbi C'l"'TaeTe C8MblM'" cnOlKHbIM"'?

38A8HMe
·On"'paRCb Ha nOnY'leHHble 3HaH"'R, 3an"'W"'Te OCHOBHble apryMeHTbl B nOAAeplKKy
YTBeplKAeH"'R "BOCCTaHOB"'B rOCYAapCTBeHHYIO He3aB"'C"'MOCTb, SCTOH"'R CAenBna
npaB",nbHblii Bbl60p', TaK '" npOT"'BononOlKHoro YTBeplKAeH"'R "rOCYAapCTBeHHaR
He3aB"'C"'MOCTb - Henoc",nbHaR Howa AnR SCTOH"''''·.

32
BOCEMKAnllATbiA YPOK.
nepcne~';"; pa3BKTMR nOCTCOqM8nMCTMilecKMX CTp8H. no npelKHeMY H8 18
COqM8nMCTMileCKOM nynt (7.6, 7.7)

XOTR MaTepl1an YPOKa He6oJ1bWO~,OH 3aTparl1BaeT 'lpe3BbI'la~HO BaJKHble MR Hac BonpOCbI:

Kal<;l1M npeACTaBJ1ReTCR Hawe 6J1l1lKa~wee 6YAy~ee, B03MOlKeH J111 B03BpaT 3CTOHI111 Ha nYTb
CO~anI1CTI1'leCKOrO pa3BI1TI1R?

nepeXOA OT OAHOro 06~eCTBeHHoro yCTpO~CTBa K APyrOMY HeMI1HyeMo COnpOBO)l(AaeTCR

OCJ10lKHeHI1RMI1. KaKI1MI1 I1MeHHO,11 B KaKO~ CTeneHI1 I1X npeOAOJ1eHl1e 3aBI1CI1T OT KaJKAoro 113
Hac? YTO npOI1CXOAI1T B Tex rOCYAaPCTBax,KoTopble He OTKa3anI1Cb OT CO~l1anI1CTI1'leCKO~
MOAeJ1l1? MaTepl1an YPOKa nOMOlKeT OTBeTI1Tb Ha 3TI1 BonpOCbI.

BonpOCbl no TeKCTY -;»

• KaKl1e HOBbie RBJ1eHI1R 11 np06J1eMbl B lKI13HI1 nOCTCO~l1anI1CTI1'leCKI1X CTpaH Bbl3Ban
nepeXOA I1X K pbIHO'lHO~ 3KOHOMI1Ke?
•
• KaKl1e 06CTORT9J1bC1B8. AaIOT OCHOBaHl1e yrneplKAaTb,'lTO nOCTCO~anI1CT11'leCKI1e rocyAaPC1B8.
06J1aAa1OT AOCTaTO'lHO XOPOWI1M nOTeH~anOM A/lR pa3BI1T11R?

• B 'leM COCTORT OCHOBHble OTJ1I1'lI1R 06~eCTBeHHoro YCTpO~CTBa cerOAHRWHero KI1TaR OT

lKI13HI1 6blBWI1X Tl1nl1'lHblX CO~anI1CTI1'leCKI1X rOCYAapCTB?

BonpOCbl AIIR 06CylIC,QeHMR

• KaK MOlKHO 04eHI1Tb nOTeH411an pa3BI1TI1R 3CTOHI1I1?

• XapaKTepl1CTI1Ka HbIHeWHe~ lKI13HI1 B CeBepHO~ Kopee 11 Ha Ky6e AaHa no 5 npl13HaKaM.

npOaHanl13l1pY~Te I1X 11 06bRCHI1Te, KaK KaJKAbl~ 113 HI1X BJ1I1ReT Ha COBpeMeHHYIO
CI1TYa~111O B 3TI1X rOCYAaPCTBax 11 KaKl1e nOCJ1eACTBI1R MOlKeT Bbl3BaTb B 6J1l1lKa~WeM
6YAy~eM.

AEBSlTHAAL4ATbIA YPOK. 19
Pe310Me no BonpocaM nnaHOBO" 3KOHOMMKM.

npl1 113Y'leHI1I1 ceAbMO~ TeMbl Bbl CTOJ1KHYJ1I1Cb C BonpOCaMI1,OTHOCR~I1MI1CR K I1CTOPI1I1,HO

no-npelKHeMY B03Ae~CTBYIO~I1MI1 Ha Hawy lKI13Hb 11 Ha CKIlaA MbIWJ1eHI1R J1IOAe~. YeJ10BeK,
KOTOPbl~ He3HaKOM C 3TI1MI1 np06J1eMaMI1, He B COCTORHI1I1 nOHRTb 11 npaBI1J1bHO TpaKTOBaTb
Co6blTI1R 11 npo~eccbI COBpeMeHHOCTI1. Ii1MeHHo n03TOMY Heo6xOAI1MO npOBeCTI1 I1TorOBoe
3aHRTI1e no AaHHO~ TeMe.

38AaHMR -;»
•B 'leM, no-BaweMY, npl1'lI1Ha
HelKl13HeCnoco6HblMI1?
Toro, 'ITO I1Ael1 nJ1aHOBO~ 3KOHOMI1KI1 OKa3anl1Cb •
• XapaKTepl13Y~Te n0J10lKeHl1e J111'lHOCTI1 B 06~eCTBe nJ1aHOBO~ 3KOHOMI1KI1.

• nepe'lI1CJ1I1Te OTpl1~aTeJ1bHble CTOPOHbl nJ1aHOBO~ 3KOHOMI1KI1, OT KOTOPblX 3CTOHI111 B

npo~ecce nepeXOAa K PbIHO'lHOMY X03R~CTBY YlKe YAanOCb oCBo60AI1TbCR,a TaKlKe Te,OT
KOTOPblX e~e npeACTOI1T 1136aBI1TbCR.

33
 03HBKOMHBWHCb C pesynbraraMH 3KCnepHMeHTB COL/HanHCTH'leCKOIii nnaHOBOIii 3KOHOMHKH
~BUjHeCR nOHRnH, ~TO CO~HanH3M He CyMBn 06ecne~HTb CKonbKO-HH6Y~b 3Ha~HTenbH~1iI
nporpecc HH O~HOMy roCy~BpCTBy B MHpe. B paMKax KYPCB HCTOPHH ~BUjHeCR }'3HBIOT 0 TOM,
KBK COBBTCKHIiI COlO3 n~TanCR nocne BTOpolii MHPOBOIii BoIiIH~ pBcnpocTpBHHTb cO~HanH3M B
~yrHx CTPBHax MHPB, B nBpBYIO o~epe,ttb B OCB060~HBWHXCR OT KonoHHanbHolii 3BBHCHMOCTH
roCy~BpCTBax ACPPHKH H A3HH. BOCbMBR TeMB ~e6HHKB 06UjecTBOBe,tteHHR PBCCMBTpHBBeT
np06nBM~ PB3BHBBIOUjHXCR cTpaH.

npoTHBOCTORHHe 60rBTCTBB H 6e,ttHOCTH B cOBpeMeHHoM MHpe Bce 60nbwe npH06peraeT

XBPBKTBP rn06anbHolii np06neM~. 6~CTpoe 3KOHOMH~eCKoe npO~BH)I(eHHe O~HHX CTPBH H Bce
yBenH~HBBIOUjeecR OTHOCHTenbHoe OTCTBBBHHe ~pyrHx )'lICe cero~HR nOpO)l(,lJ.BeT
HBnpR)I(eHHOCTb H npHBo,QHT B ~BH)I(eHHe HenO,QABIOUjHecR KOHTponlO MHrpB~HoHH~e nOTOKH.
BCB 3TH np06neM~ nOCTORHHO yrny6nRIOTCR H He HCKJ/IO~eHO, ~TO B 6nH)I(BlilweM 6y~yUjeM H
M~ CTonKHeMCR C HHMH roPB3,lI,0 6nH)I(e. MMeHHo n03TOMY )'lICe cerO~HR He06xo~HMO H3~BTb
COBpBMeHH~e np06neM~ 6e,ttHOCTH H TeH,lJ,eH~HH HX PB3BHTHR.

PBCCMOrpBHHIO BOCbMOIii reM~ MO)l(HO y~BnHTb ~ HnH rpH YPOKB - no )l(BnBHHIO }I'IHTBnR. C
o,QHolii CTOpoHbI,MBrepHan RBnReTCR OTHOCHTenbHO HecnO)l(H~M - ero MO)l(HO 6b1J1o 6b1 OxaBTHTb H
3B ~ YPOKB, o~aKO 3ra reMB ~ocraTO~HO eMKBR. PB3,lI,BnHB MarepHan HB rpH YPOKB, }I'IHTenb
MO)l(BT nopa60raTb Ha.o. TeMolii rny6)1(e. HB nepBOM ypOKe MO>KHO norOBOpHTb 060THOCHTBnbHOCTH
nOHRTHIii 6e,ttHOCTH H 60rBTCTB8, B Ta/OKe 0 TOM, KBK 6e,ttHOCTb npORBnReTCR B COBpeMeHHbIX
rocY~PCTBax (B. 1). BTOpolii YPOK ~BneCo06pa3HO nOCBRTHTb BHanH3Y npH~HH 6e,ttHOCTH (B.2).
TpeTHIii ypoK nOCBRUj8eTCR B03MO)l(Holii nOnHTHKe pa3BHTHR (B.3).

~({D AI8AJ!l!.lI..IlAl'IbD~ lfI?OC<.

IiIIiIIHOIrO.l1lIYllc(2'l11 6e,lllIHlOCTIb (8.11)

AaTOP~ }I'Ie6HHKB nonb3Y1OTCR ~R xapaKTePHCTHIG1 HepaBHOMepHOCTH ypoBHelii pa3BHTHR

pa3llH~HbIX rocy~pcTB noHRTHRMH rpex MHPOB - nepaor , Broporo H rpeTbBro. B peaynbrare
npeo,qoneHHR HCroPH~ecKOro npoTHBOCTOfIHHR KBnHTBnH3MB H ~anH3MB cne,o.oaano 6b1 roBOPHTb
o pa3IIMTbl1r crpBHax (K HX ~Hcny OTHOCRT CWA,repMBHH ,finOHHIO H ~yrne rocy~ C Clff1bHolii
3KOHOMHKO ,onpe,o.enRlOUjHe HBnpaBneHHe MHPOaoro pa3BHTHR ,pa3BlRBS1OW1IIXCfI CrpaHax (MH,IJ,Hf/,
6onbUlHHCTBO rocy~TB flBTHHCKOIii AMepHIG1 H ~yrne OTHOCHTBnbHO pa3B1fTb1e crpBHbI AsHH H
ACPpHIG1) H cna6opa3sunwx CrpaHax (HBnpHMep CoMan ,SqmonH ,3aHP H ~yrn ,r~e fO.llOBolii
aanOBblliI HBL/HOHanbH~1iI npqqyKr He npeBblWBer 500 ~onnapoB CWA Ha ,llyzuy HBceneHHR H KOrop~e
HMelOT ~eKO He Pa.o.YJICHbie nepcneKTH~ pa38HTHR). Y'lHTbIBBR 3T, }I'IHTenIO cne,o.oaano 6~
3BMeHHTb ycrapeBWYlO TepMHHonOrHlO COBpeMeHHOIii.

nOA06HOMY TOMY,KaK nlOAH paanH'lalOTCR Me)I(AY C060H no HMYll.IeCTBeHHOMY nonOlKeHHlO,

06ll.1eCTBB TOlKe MOlKHO paaAenHTb Ha 60nee HnH MeHee 60raTble. I.fall.le Bcero 6eAHbie He
06pall.l81OT BHHMaHHe Ha CBOIO 6eAHOCTb,a npOCTO MHPRTCR C HeH. B TO lKe BpeMR HepeAKO
60raTbiM KBlKeTCR, 'ITO 101M HX COCTORHHR Bce Mano. B ycnoBHRX cerOAHRWHeH 3CTOHHH TeMa
60raTCTBa 101 6eAHOCTH npeACTaBnReT lKHBOH HHTepec. C'lHTaeTCR, 'ITO B 3CTOHHH HapOA
6eAeH, a K 60raTbiM OTHOCRTCR nHWb HeCKonbKO npOl!eHTOB HaceneHHR. npH 3TOM HenerKO
ASTb YCTpaHBalOll.Iee Bcex onpeAeneHHe 60raTCTBa HnH 6eAHOCTH.

Y'le6HHK CTapaeTCR BHeCTH RCHOCTb B onpeAeneHHe nOHRTHH 60raTCTBa 101 6eAHOCTH,

YKaablBaR Ha KapTe MHpa perHOHbl C HaHBblCWHM ypOBHeM 6eAHOCTH.

liIay<tBR npo6neMbi 60raTCTBa 101 6BAHocrn, Y't8U1HeCR YCBORT l!BnbIH PRA BCTpe'lalOll.IHXCR
elKBAHeBHO B npecce AOCTaTO'lHO cnOlKHbIX nOHRrnH, KOTOpble cnOC06CTByIOT nOHHMaHHIO
npoHCXOARll.Iero BOKpyr Hac. Y'l8ll.lHMCR Heo6xOAHMO YCBOHTb cnBAyIOUlHe CYll.IeCTBeHHble nOHRTHR:
I41'1/MIYNIIICtC8I11 6eAttocn., nWolH8111 ~ocn., penilOHanbH8A 6eAHocn., p83B&n1oIe CTp8HbI,
pe3lSlli1Bl8lOU4D'l8C1II CTp8HbI, cna6op83Bmwe CTp8HbI, aanoaoiii H8141'1/0HanbHbliii nPGAyter.

34
 ~
BonpOCbl no TeKCTY:
• 'ITO TaKoe 6eAHOCTb?

• 'ITO npeACTaBnReT co6oll co~anbHoe 06eCne'leHHe?

•
• KaKHe perHOHbl MHpa pa3BHTbI MeHbwe Bcero?

• B 'leM OmH'lHe BanOBoro Ha~oHanbHoro npOAYKTa OT Ha~HOHanbHoro AOXOAS?

BonpocbI AIUI 06CYlKAeHMR

• MOlKHO nH roBOPHTb 0 cyU\eCTBOBaHHH perHOHanbHoll 6eAHOCTH B 3CTOHHH?

• KaKoe pa3nH'lHe cyU\eCTByeT MelKAY pa3BHBalOU\HMHCR CTpaHaMH 101 cna60pa3BHTblMH

rOCYASpCTBaMH?

• ,ll,aIlTe xapaKTepHCTHKY 3CTOHHH no nOKa3aTenRM 6narOCOCTORHHR.

38AaHMR
• Pa3Y3HallTe MHeHHe nlOAell 0 TOM, C'lHTaIOT OHH 3CTOHHIO 6eAHoll HnH HeT. KaK OHH
apryMeHTHpYIOT CBOIO n03H~HIO?

• HanHWHTe KopOTKoe 3cce Ha TeMY "'1eM Bbl3BaHbi cerOAHRWHHe TPYAHOCTH B

3KOHOMH'leCKOM pa3BHTHH 3CTOHHH?"

35
 ABAA~Tb nEPBblA YPOK.
21 npM-'MHbI 68AHOCTM (8.2)

npU P8CKPblTUU TeMbi ucnOnb3yeTcR nOHRTue ne80iil u,qeonoruu. nOCKOnbKy P83ro80P 06

u,qeonorURX noii/,QeT nUWb 80 8TOPOiir 'I8CTU Y'le6HUK8, Y'lUTemO cne,o.OSBnO 6b1 H8'1STb C
KOpOTKOrO P83bRCHeHUR CY/.LIHOCTU u,qeonoruiiI, nOIl'lepKUS8R npu 3TOM, 'ITO sonpocbI
60r8TCTS8 U 6ellHOCTU RsnRIOTCR SO MHOrOM nOnUTU'IeCKUMU. To eCTb, p83nU'IHble
nOnUTU'IecKue cunbl no-p83HOMY OTSe'l8IOT H8 sonpocbI 0 npU'IUHax U CY/.LIHOCTU 6e,o.HOCTU U
60r8TcTs8, UMelOT p83Hoe npe,o.CT8sneHue 0 TOM, KTO 1l0n)l(eH 3860TUTbCR 0 CMRr'leHUU
6e,o.HOCTU U T.Il. HeKOTOpble U3 3TUX nOtlXOll08 MO)l(HO onpe,o.enUTb K8K nOnUTUKY ne80rO
TOnK8. Y'IUTBnb p8CCK8)I(eT Y'l8/.L1UMCR, 'ITO 03H8'18eT ne88R u,qeOnOrUR S 1l8HHOM KOHTeKCTe.
Cne,o.yeT TS/OKe 06P8TUTb 8HUM8HUe Y'l8/.L1UXCR H8 TO, 'ITO 80npOCbI nOnUTUKU 6YIlYT 60nee
notlPo6HO P8CCMOTpeHbI n03)1(e.

5eAHOCTb npeACTaSnReT co60ii 3n06oAHeBHblii BOnpOC COBpeMeHHOrO Ml1pa, 'ITO

06ycnoBneHo PRAOM KOHKpeTHbiX npl1'1I1H. XOTR 6eAHOCTb MOlKeT B pa3nl1'1HblX 061l.\eCTBax
I1MeTb pa3Hble rnaBHble npl1'1I1HbI, B L!enOM lKe OHI1 CBOASITCR K OAHOMY onpeAeneHHOMY KPYry
06CTORTenbCTB. .,

1i13Y'1aR aTY TeMY, Bbi n03HaeTe HOBbie aCneKTbl npl106peTeHHbiX no APyrl1M Y'le6Hb1M
AI1CL!l1nnI1HaM 3HaHl1ii. Bbi yaHaeTe, 'ITO KonOHManM3M, KOTOPblii paCCMaTpl1BBnCR Ha YPOKax
I1CTOPI1I1, OKa3blBaeT HenocpeACTBeHHoe B03AeiicTBI1e Ha lKI13Hb COBpeMeHHoro Mllpa.
npMpOAHble ycnoBMA 11 reorpacjlM'IeCKOe pacnonOlKeHMe I1MelOT, HapRAY C
reorpaQ>I1'1eCKI1M COAeplKaHl1eM,11 061l.\eCTBeHHOHaY'lHblii acneKT. YpOK ABeT npeACTaBneHl1e
o TOM, KaKOe Bnl1RHl1e MOryT OKa3aTb Ha ypOBeHb lKI13HI1 o61l.\ecTBa KYnbTYpa 11 penMrMA.

->• BonpocbI no TeKCyY

• B '1eM BIIASIT npl1'1I1Hbl 6eAHOCTI1 neBbie. llAeonorl1l1?

• KaKl1e npl1pOAHble ycnOBI1R MOryT nOpOlKASTb 6eAHOCTb?

• 5eAHOCTb MOlKeT 6b1Tb Bbl3BaHa 11 Henpl1pOAHblMI1 ycnOBI1RMI1. KaKI1MI1?

• npl1BeAI1Te npl1Mepbl Toro, 'ITO B 6eAHbiX rOCYAapcTBax HepeAKO BCTpe'laeTCR

Hepal.\l'lOHBnbHOe I1CnOnb30BaHl1e CpeACTB.

BonpOCbl AIIR 06CYlKAeHMR

• Ecnl1 OCTOHI1IO paCCMOTpeTb KaK 6eAHoe 061l.\eCTBO, TO B '1eM MOrnl1 6bl COCTORTb
npl1'1I1Hbl Haweii 6eAHOCTI1?

• "ITO 03Ha'laeT BblpBlKeHl1e: npOTeCTaHTbI nl1TalOTCR XopOWO, a KaTOnl1KI1 cnRT XopOWO?

• npl1BeAI1Te apryMeHTbI B nOAAeplKKY YTBeplKAeHI1R, 'ITO AnR MHOrl1X ceroAHRwHI1X

pa3BI1BalOIl.\I1XCR 11 cna60pa3BI1TblX CTpaH anoxa KOnOHI1BnbHoii 3aBI1CI1MOCTI1
npeACTaenRno co6oii C'IaCTnI1BOe BpeMR.

38A8HMe
• npOCneAIITe 3a npeccoii 11 COCTaBbTe pe310Me HOBOCTeii, paCCMaTpl1BalOIl.\I1X npo6neMbi
6eAHOCTI1 B COBpeMeHHOM Mllpe.

36
ABAAlV'Tb BTOpoA YPOK.
nOnMTMK8 P83BMTMR (8.3)
22

Ha MeJICAYHapo,D,HOM ypoBHe ace 6011bWe BHI1MBHI1S1 YA9J1SIBTCSI CHIIlKBHI1IO ypoBHSI 6e,QHocTM.

nOCK011bKY OHa npe,o,CTaBIlSIeT co6ol1 SlBHbll1 I1CTO'1HI1K ace 60nee cepbEl3Hol1 nanl1Tl1'l9CKOll
HecTa61111bHOCTI1 11 MeJKAYHapo,D,Hol1 HanpSllKeHHOCTI1. BbISIBn9Hl1e npWlI1H OW116oK. HBAOCTB11(()B 11
T.,D,. n03B011S1eT. KBK npael1l1o. onpe,o,eJ1l1Tb nyTI1 11 B03MOlKHOCTI1 YllY'IweHI1SI n011OlK9HI1SI. Ha
npeAblAytlleM ypoKe Y'!a11ij19CS1 y3Hatll1 0 BQ3MOlKHbIX np"'1IHax cyLlIEICTIBOBBHl1SI B COBpeMeHHbIX
ycnOBI1SIK 6eAHbIX o6lltecTB. Tenepb 11M npe,D,CTOI1T 03H8KOMI11bCSI C OCHOBHblMI1 n011OlKBHI1SIMI1 11
TBOPI1S1MI1. paapa60TBHHblMI1 no 3T011 npo6neMe.

TeopMtI HeAop8S8MTOCTM 11 TeOpMtI OTCYTCTBYJO~ero KOMnOHeMT8 ABIOT 06bSlCHeHI1e

CI1TYal..ll1l1.I1CXOAIII13 cBoel1 110rnKI1 11 npeAllaralOT CBOI1 Bapl1aHTbI AIlSl YI1Y'!weHI1S1 n0l10lKeHI1S1
B I1CnblTbiBalOlltl1X HYlKAY rOCYABPCTBax. npl1 paCCMOypeHl111 YCIlOBI1I1. xapaKTepHbIX AIlSl
6eAHblX CTpaH. CIleAyeT 06paTl1Tb BHI1MaHl1e Ha TY pOl1b. KOTOpaSl npMAlieTCSI 06pa30BaHI1IO.

6eAH0CTb SlBIlSleTCSI m06at1bHol1 npo6l1eMol1. MHorne rocyABPCTBB 11 OPrBHI13B1..11111 nblTBlOTCSl

peWI1Tb np"'1IHeHHble 6eAH0CTbI0 np06l1eMbi. CBOI1 BKI18A BH9CI111 B 3TO 11 rocyABPCTBB C
nnBHoBol1 3KOHOMI1K0l1 - I1CnblTblBBSl CBMI1 npl1 3TOM 3HB'Il1T9J1bHble TPYAHOCTI1 11 A9J1aSI 3m
HepeAKO 3B C'leT 6narococTOSlHI1S1 co6cTBeHHoro HBJXlAB. B 3TOM ellte paa Harl1S\AHO npoSlBl1I1OCb
cyp9M1leHl1e COl..ll1at1113MB pacnpocypBHSITbCSI 11 paCWI1PS1TbCS1 11106011 I.l9HOI1.

CaMOB CytlleCTBeHHoe. 'ITO CIlBAyeT YCBOI1Tb 113 HaCTOSIlltero' ypoKB. CB~CSI K I1CTI1He. 'ITO
Hel1b3S1 CAel1aTb 60raTbiM '1e110BeKB 111111 HapOA. KOTOPbll1 caM He npl1l1araeT AIlSl 3Toro I'
MaKCI1MatlbHblX YCI1I1I1I1. 3TO CIleAyeT Y'!eCTb 11 B COBpeMeHHol1 3cTOHI1I1. ,/
~ ~.

BonpocbI no TeKcyY -;»

• nO'leMY COCTOSlTel1bHble rOCYABPCTBa 3al1HTepeCOBaHbI B I1I1KBI1ABI..II1I1 6eAHOCTI1 B MeHee
pa3BI1TblX rOCYABPCTBax?'
•
• KTO AOl1lKeH npl1l1araTb OCHOBHble YCI1I1I1S1 AIlSl I1I1KBI1ABI..II1I1 6eAHocTI1 comaCHO TeOp1111
HeAOpa3BI1TOCTI1?

• KaK Cl1eAOBBIlO 6b1 MBIlOpa3BI1Tb1M cypaHaM npeOAOl1eBaTb npo611eMbi 6eAHoCTl1 B

COOTBeTCTBl111 C TeOpl1el1 OTCYTCTBYIOlltero KOMnOHeHTa?

• KaKYIO nOMOlltb pa3BI1TbIe rOCYABPCTBa OKa3b1BaIOT Hepa3BI1Tb1M cypaHaM?

• nO'leMY Hepa3BI1Tble CTpaHbI HepeAKO C'II1TaIOT nOMOlltb pa3BI1TblX rOCYAapCTB

Henpl1eMl1eMol1 11 HeLlel1eco06pa3Hol1?

BonpOCbl AJ'IR 06CYlKAeHMR

• KaKl1e nOXOlKI1e '1epTbl MOlKHO YBHAeTb B nOMOlltl1. KOTOPYlO OKB3b1Batll1 pa3BI1BalOll.tI1MCSI
CTpaHaM CWAI1 6b1BWI1I1 COBeTCKl111 COI03?

• 'iTO 03Ha'laeT KI1Tal1cKaSl nOCI10BI1l.1B ",Ila11 r0l10AHOMY YAO'lKY.a He Pbl6y"?

• npl1MeHI1MbI 1111 K 3CTOHI111 TeOp"S1 HeAOpa3BI1TOCTI1 111111 TeOpl1S1 OTCYTCTBYIOlltero

KOMnOHeHTa?

38A8HMe
• npOCl1eAI1Te 3a npeccol1 11 COCTaBbTe CBOAHYIO I1H41opMal..ll1lO. KBKl1e rocYABPCTBa
OKB3b1BaIOT 3CTOHI111 nOMOlltb. KaKYlO nOMOlltb 11 Ha KaKI1X YCIlOBI1S1X.

37
 .lleBRT8R TeMS npe,qCTSBnReT c060il e,qUHCTBeHHblii TeOpeTUKO·3KOHOMI!f'leCKUiI MBTepUBn
HSCTORUjere Y'/e6HUKS U B TO )l(e BpeMR ere CSMYIO eMKYIO TeMY. npe,qCTBsneHue 06
3KOHOMUKe AseTCR ~eCb B OCHOBHOM 'Iepe3 3HBKOMCTBO C q,UHBHCOBOil cq,epoil. ABTOPbl
npe,qnOIlSrBIOT HBnU'IUe Y Y'/SUjUXCR onpe,q6lleHHblX npe,qBspUT6IIbHblX 3HBHUiI no 3KOHOMUKe,
HO Te, KTO Y'/UJICR no 06b1'1HOil Y'/e6Hoil nporpBMMe, raKoil nOArOTOBKu He UMeIOT. Bce )/(6)
Hellb3R C'IUTSTb 3TO 06cToRTellbcTBo He,qocraTKoM HscToRUjero Y'/e6HuKB, TSK KBK APyrue
TeMbI, psccMoTpeHHble B Y'/e6HuKe (KSK npe,qbllJ,yUjue, TSK U noclle,qYIOUjue), no cOAep)l(SHUIO
CBR3SHbi C np0611eMsMu AeBRToil TeMbi.

EMU LjBneC006pS3HblM C'IUraeTCR 60llbwe BHUMBHUR YAelluTb u3Y'/eHulO 3KOHOMU'IeCKUX

np0611eM, clleAyeT npUBlle'lb AonollHuTellbHble Y'/e6Hble MSTepuBllbi. (aTO MO)/(HO
peKoMeH,D,OBsTb U AIIR Tex WKOII, rAe 3KOHOMU'IeCKUe Y'/eHUR He npenOABIOTCR B KB'IeCTBe
CneLjUBnbHOrO KYPCB.) Ho eCllu TPYAHO BbI,IJ,ellUTb AonOIlHuTellbHoe Y'/e6Hoe BpeMR B PBMKax
/C'fPCS 06UjeCTBOBe,qeHUR UIIU 3B C'IeT npe,qMeTOB no Bbl60Py,np0611eMbi AeBRTOiI TeMbi MO)l(HO
PSCCMOTpeTb B Te'leHUU weCTU ypOKOB. nepBblii U3 HUX MO)l(HO BbI,IJ,ellUTb AIIR psccMOTpeHuR
CyUjHOCTU AeHer, BTOpoil nOCBRTUTb q,UHBHCSM U 6BHKOBCKOMY AellY, TpeTuiI • q,UHBHCOBOil
nOJlUTUKe, 'IeTBepTblii • npe,qnpuHUMBT6IIbCTBY U ero CBR3U C q,UHBHCOBOil cq,epoil, nRTblii •
BonpOCBM LjeHHblX 6YMsr U 6yxrsnTepcKoro Y'/eTB,B wecToil YPOK cAellBTb UToreBbiM ..

JDlIBlAJO!.IlJ!A1f'1b> 1f'~ IE11'IYU IVu 1f~O C{.

231 @OOIXlSlIXlCOIBlSlIIII COOC'1J'eL1lJSl L1IJOOI!)Sl oIlI0 30lUOTOII'O C'1J'SlHA8pT8. IClYiCTeM8 ISpenoH
IBlVo!llCSl. IEIBlIPOl1'llelYlcccSlIIII 1Bl8IUCO'1J'IXISl1111 ClYiCTeM8 (9.11. 9.2. 9.3)

YpoK 3HBKOMUT Y'/BUjUXCR C CYUjHOCTblO AeHer. TeKCT Y'/e6HuKB UCXOAUT U3 TOre, 'ITO
onpe,q6lleHUe AeHer ABHO B 60llee Mlla,o,WUX /CI1BCCax UIIU B PBMKax KYPCOB APyrux Y'/e6HblX
npe.QMBTOB, TBK KBK CyUjHOCTb ABHBr PBCKpblBBeTCR B nepBYIO O'lepe,qb 'IepB3 UX UCTOPUIO U
q,YHKLjUU. n03TOMY Y'/UTBIlIO CIle,qOBBnO 6b1 PBCCMOTpeTb B BBOAHOil 'IBCTU YPOKB Cl'lIQfOCTb
AeHer, T.B. PBCCKB3BTb 0 TOM, 'ITO ABHbru npe,qcrasnRIOT c060il oc06b1i1 YHUBBPCBllbHblii
TOBBP, KOTOPblM nOllb3YIOTCR Bce IIIOAU AIIR PB3HblX nllBTB)I(ei1l U 06MBHHblX CAeIlOK. B
Yl/B6HUKB HBAOCTBTO'lHO PBCKPblBBBTCR CYUjHOCTb AessRbssqVlVl, B np0611eMBTUKe
PSSIIIRbBlIJqVlVI HB YABnBHO BHUMBHUR Bo06UjB. 3a,o,B'IB Y'IUT6IIR • 3BnOllHUTb HB3BBHHble
np06Bnbl.

/113 TBKcra Y'/B6HUKB ocraBTCR HBCKOllbKO HBRCHOil U npU'IUHB TOre,nO'lBMY BXOAe UCTOPUU
BbinOIlHBHue q,YHKLjuiI Cpe,qCTBB 06PBUjBHUR BblnBnO HB 11.01110 HeKOTopblX I/PBreLjeHHblX
MBTBIIJIOB, B CO BPBMBHBM nBpeWIIU K nB'IBTBHUIO 6YM8)I(HbiX ABHBr.

B COBpeMeHHblX YCI10BI1S1X TPYAHO npeACTaBI1Tb x03S1AcTBeHHYIO AeSlTel1bHOCTb 6e3 AeHer.

6e3 AeHer HeB03MOX<HO 11 CPYHKlU'IOHl1pOBaHl1e APyrl1x ccpep 06UjBCTBBHHOA lKI13HI1 •
KYl1bTYPbI, HaYKl1, 06pa30BaHI1S1, MBAI1lU'1HbI 11 T.A. ABHbrl1 HaM Heo6xOAI1MbI AIlSl Toro, ~To6bl
KYnl1Tb KOHIIBPTHbiA 61111BT,Onl1aTI1Tb Sl3blKOBbiB KYPCbl,paCnl1aTI1TbCSI 3a I1B~eHI1B 3y6oB 11 T.A.,
HB rOBOpSI YXC:B 0 TOM, ~TO 6B3 ABHBr HBB03MOX<HO KYnl1Tb Heo6xOAI1MbiB Y'le6HI1KI1 111111
l1eKapCTBa, MY3blK8I1bHbiB I1HCTPYMBHTbl 111111 np0l13BBABHI1R I1CKYCCTBa. Ho TaKOB n0l10lKBHI1B
HB BCBrAS CYUjeCTBOB8I10 B I1CTOPI1I1 ~BI10BB~BCTBa. Ha O~BHb paHHBA CTSAI1I1 CBOBre
pa3BI1T11S1 ~BI10BB~BCTBO 06XOAI1110Cb 6B3 ABHBr, nOTpB6HOCTb B YHI1BBPC8I1bHOM 06MeHHOM
TOBapB, KOTOPblA npl13HaB8I111 6bl BCB I1IOAI1, nOSlBl1l1aCb n03X<B. CBrOAHSI Mbl lKl1BeM B
CI1TYalU'll1,rAB pB8I1113alU'lSl 60l1bWI1HCTBa HaWI1X nl1aHOB 111111 lKBl1aHI1A,ocYUjBCTBI1BHI1B KaKI1X
yrOAHO npOeKTOB 3aBI1CI1T B 3Ha~I1TBl1bHOA CTBnBHI1 OT H8I111~11S1 ABHBr.

PaCCMaTpl1BaSl 3TY TBMY,Bbl Y3HaBTB 0 np0I1CXOlKABHl111 ABHer,06 I1X pa3HOB\1AHOCTRX B

CBOBM pa3BI1TI111 OT nYWHI1Hbl 111111 COI1I1 AO 30110Ta. Bbi YCBOI1I1I1 HB06XOAI1MbiA MaTBpI1811,
BCIlI1 CYMBBTB 06bSlCHI1Tb,~TO TaKOB ABHbr!ll, 30noTO~ CTBHA8PT, B8I11OT8, Aea8l1ba8~rIlR,
pellllllnr..OIlJI4MIII, 31LVlrfICCrIlR, MrilPOllbilB AeHbr!ll, Bllpone~CWIlB AeHbr!ll (eapo).

38
 ~
BonpocbI no TeKCTY
• "leM' 6bll1a Bbl3BaHa Heo6xOAio1MOCTb BBeCTiol Yliio1BepcanbHoe cpeACTBO 06MeHa }IlKe Ha
3ape io1CTOpio1io1? •
• "lTO npeACTaBI151eT co6o~ 30110TO~ CTaHAaPT?

• B ~eM 3aKl1IO~aeTCSI 3Ha~eHiole AeHelKHO~ KOH<!>epeHl.\I-1io1 B 6peTTOH BYAce 1944-ro rOM?

• KaK Bbl nOHiolMaeTe TaKo~ <!>eHOMeH KaK l1io1KBiolAHOCTb?

• "lTO TaKoe 3KIO (ECU)?

BonpOCbl AJlR 06CYlKAeHMR

• B03MolKeH 11101 ClIeHapio1~ 061l1eCTBeHHoro pa3Bio1Tio1S1, npio1 KOTOPOM ~eI10Be~eCTBO Morno
6bl 060~Tio1Cb 6e3 AeHer? npio1BeAio1Te apryMeHTbI B nOAAeplKKY cBoe~ TO~Kio1 3peHio1S1.

• KTO io1306palKeH Ha 6aHKHOTe CTOiolMOCTblO B 25 KpoH,BblnYllleHHo~ B o6pallleHiole 6aHKoM

3CTOHio1io1?

• KaKiole npio1~io1Hbl Mornio1 6bl Bbl3BaTb AeBanbBal.\l-1lO 3CTOHCKO~ KpOHbl?

• BblroAeH 11101 EBpone OTKa3 OT Hallio10HanbHbiX BanlOT 101 nepexoA K eAio1HblM eBpone~cKiolM
AeHbraM?

38A8HMR
• 06bSlcHio1Te,~To 03Ha~aeT,~TO 3a 1 MapKY Cl>pr Heo6xoAio1MO OTMTb 8 3CTOHCKiolX KpoH,3a
1 A0l111ap CWAnpiolMepHo 13 3CTOHCKiolX KPOH,HO ~TO 1 3CTOHCKaSl KpoHa CTOiolT npiolMepHo
3 6el1brio1~CKiolx <!>paHKa?

• 06cYAio1Te, KaKiole nepeMeHbI B 3CTOHio1io1 Morno 6bl Bbl3BaTb BBeAeHiole B o6pallleHiole

eBpone~cKiolx AeHer.

39
 ABAAlV'Tb 'tETBEPTbiA YPOK.
24 &8HKM M AeHelKHoe 06p8~eHMe B 3CTOHMM M B APyntX CYP8Hax.
Cl)MCKBnbH8R nonMTMK8 (9.4, 9.5)

YpOK nOCBIIllleH paCKpblTMIO BonpocoB. CBII3aHHblX C 6aHKOBCKI1M AeIlOM. Y MHOrl1X IIIOAeA

nepBall acco~a~II.B03HI1KaIOUl811 npl1 pa3rOBope 0 6aHKax 111111 0 6aHKOBCKOM Aelle.CBlI3aHa
C BblCOKOA 3apnllaToA B 3TOA ccjlepe. B cOBpeMeHHoA 3CTOHI111 6aHKI1 npeACTaBlllllOT co6oA
rpynny npeAnpl1l1TI1A. KOTOpble cpeAl1 nepBblX 11 Hal1BblCWI1MI1 TeMnaMI1 MOAepHI1311pOB81I11
CBOIO AeIlTellbHOCTb. TaKl1e nOHIITI111 KaK 6aHKOBCKI1A KpeAl1T. KpeAI1THall KapTOYKa. BK1ISA
Kan11T81Ia. 3MI1CCI111 AeHer 11 APyrl1e 6b1cTpo 11 KaK-TO He3aMeTHO CT81I11 HeoTpblBHOA 11
eCTeCTBeHHoA COCTaBHoA yaCTblO HaweA lK113HI1. IIIHcjlopMaL\l111 B TeKCTe yye6HI1Ka
cnoco6cTByeT ynOPIlAOyeHl11O OTpblBOYHblX CBeAeHI1A. HaKOnlleHHblX 113 CpeACTB MaCCOBOA
I1HcjlopMaL\1111 111111 113 APyrl1x I1CTOYHI1KOB.cjlOpMl1pOBaHI1IO CI1CTeMbi 3TI1X 3HaHI1A. Bbl Y3HaeTe.
'ITO TaKOe KpeAMTHOe Y'lpellCAeHMe. 'IeM 3aHI1MaeTCII aYAMTOP. 'ITO npeACTaBlllleT co6oA
3MI1CCI111 AeHer 11 KTO BnpaBe 3MI1TI1pOBaTb AeHbrl1. B 3TOM YPoKe pa3bllcHllIOTCII TaKlKe POllb
6aHKoB B lKI13HI1 rocYASpcTBa 11 38KOHOASTellbHble paMKI1 I1X AeIlTellbHOCTI1.

AOBOllbHO 'IaCTO MOlKHO CllbiwaTb pa3rOBopbl 0 61OAJI(eTe 11 Hanorax. 3TI1 BonpOCbl

06CYlKABIOTCII Ha pa31111YHblX YPOBHIIX OT napllaMeHTa AO MeCTHblX caMoynpaBlleHI1A 11
OTAellbHblX X0311AcTBeHHblX eAI1HI1L\. Bce 3TI1 npo611eMbi Hepa3pblBHO CBR3aHbI C
OCYllleCTBIIReMoA B rOCYASpCTBe cjlMcKanbHoA nOIlMTMKOA. YpOK YAellReT BHI1MaHl1e TaKlKe
BonpocaM cjlQPMl1pOBaHI1R 610AlKeTa 11 nOyeMY Heo6xOAI1MO nllaTI1Tb H81IOrl1.

->• BonpOCbl no TeKCTY

•B 'IeM OTIII1Yl1e KOMMepyeCKI1X 6aHKOB OT KpeAI1THblX Y'lpelKAeHI1A.oCHOBaHHbIX B cjlopMe

TOBapl1111eCTBa?

•B yeM npel1MYUleCTBa nOIlOlKeHI1R He38BI1CI1MOrO OT npaBl1TellbCTBa L\eHTp81lbHoro 6aHKa?

• nepeYI1ClIl1Te ccjlepbl AeRTel1bHOCTI1 11 npaBa 5aHKa 3CTOHI1I1.

·1113 KaKI1X npl1H~nOB I1CXOAI1T 5aHK 3CTOHI111 npl1 OpraHl13aL\1111 AeHelKHoro 06pallleHI1R
B 3CTOHI1I1?

• KaKoA opraH Bl1aCTI1 HanpaBIIReT cjlI1CK81IbHyIO nOl1l1TI1KY rOCYASPCTBa?

• H830BI1TB OCHOBHble I1CTOYHI1K11 <i>oPMI1POBaHI1R AOXQAOB rocyABPCTBeHHOrO 6IOAlKeTB.

BonpOCbl AnR 06CYlKAeHMR

• KaKI1e OTHOWeHI1R CK1IBAbIBalOTCR MelKAY roc6aHKoM 11 KOMMep'leCKI1MI1 6aHKaMI1?

• KaK 06eCneYI1BaeT 5aHK 3CTOHI111 cTa61111bHOCTb KYPca 3CTOHCKOA KpOHbl?

• KaKl1e nOClleACTBI1R Bbl3blBaeT AIII1TellbHblA AI1c6allaHC AOXOAOB 11 paCXOAOB

rOCYASpCTBeHHoro 61OAlKeTa: KorAS paCXOAbi npeBbiwalOT AOXOAbl. 111111 KorAa AOXOAbl
6011bwe paCXOAOB?

38A8HMR

• OnpeAel1l1Te. Onl1paRCb Ha MaTepl1811b1 npeccbI. Te ccjlepbl lKI13HI1 3CTOHI1I1. KOTopble

HYlKABIOTCR B AOnOI1HI1Tel1bHOM cjlI1HaHCl1pOBaHI1I1; ccjlOPMYlIl1PyATe CBOI1 npeAIIOlKeHI1R
AIIR nOKpblTMR 3TI1X paCXOAOB.

40
ABAA~Tb nRTbiA YPOK.
CB060AH8A TOprOBnA M npOT8KqMOHM3M. K8AHCM8HCTBO M nQ3AHee 26
K8MHCM8HCTBO. MOH8T8PM3M (9.6, 9.7, 9.8)

ABTOPbI }"Ie6HuKB PBCKpblBBIOT OCHOBHoe CO,llep)I(BHUe 8B)I(HS.:fWUX 3KOHOMU'ISCKUX TBOpu.:f

COBpeMeHHOCTU B BeCbMB. C)I(BTO.:f U ,llOCrynHO.:f C/JOpMe. MBTspuan nOMO)l(ST }"I81JlUMC1/
nOHRTb TeJ1eBU3UOHHble ,lle6BTbI U npo6nsMHbls CTBTbU B nuW}'U4s.:f npeccs. Y'IUTSnb ,llonJlCSH
UMeTb B BU,llY, 'ITO 60nes nO,llP06HO Hso6xo,llUMO 06bRCHUTb C~HOCTb UH¢nRL4UU. 06 3TO.:f
rpynns BonpOCOB rOBopRT He TBK YJK pe,o,KO, HO UM cne,o,YST Y,llBnUTb 60nbWS 8HUM8HUR.

B pa3roBopax 0 PblHO'IHOH 3KOHOMI1Ke 'IaCTO ynOMI1HaeTCR nOHRTHe CBo60AHOA ToproanM.

PyKOBOAI1Tenl1 3CTOHCKOH Pecny6nl1KI1 HeOAHOKpaTHO nQA'IepKI1BBnI1,'1TO Hawa CTpaH8 He
AonlKHa BCTaTb Ha nYTb 3KOHOMI1'1BCKOrO npOTeKQMOHM3Ma. nepeXOA 3CTOHI111 Ha nYTb
PblHO'IHOH 3KOHOMI1KI1 CBepWl1nCR B nepl10A, KorAa MHOlKeCTBO APyrl1x rOCYA8pCTB
npoABI1Hynocb no HeMY YlKe AOCT8TO'lHO ABneKO.

B 3KOHOMI1'leCKOM pa3BI1TI111 rOCYABPCTB BCTpe'laIOTCR 60nee I1nl1 MeHee 6narOnpl1RTHbie

nepl10Abl, HO nocneAHl1e nonBeKa 3CTOHI1R HaxoAl1naCb B CTopOHe OT AeHCTBI1R 3TOH nOrl1KI1
pa3BI1TI1R. TeM He MeHee Bce TO, 'ITO 38 3TO BpeMR np0l130WnO B P8MKax CI1CTeMbl PblHO'IHOH
3KOHOMI1KI1, RBnReTCR 'lpe3Bbl'l8HHO nOY'lI1TenbHbiM 11 AnR H8C. B COBpeMeHHYIO 3noxy 11 HaM
He06xOAI1MO 6blTb B KYPce OCHOBHblX I1AeH 3KOHOMI1'leCKOH I1CTOPI1I1 AlKoHa MeAHapAII
KeiiHca 11 I1MeTb npeACT8BneHI1e 0 CYlLlHOCTI1 TeOp1111 MOHeT8pl13M8, 060CHOB8HHOi'l
MMnbTOHOM Cl)PMAMaHOM.

H8M cneAyeT TI.LI8TenbHO 03H8KOMI1TbCR C AOCTOHHblMI1 113Y'leHI1R TeOpl1RMl1,nOCKOnbKY npl1

H8np8BneHI111 p83BI1TI1R 3KOHOMI1KI1 HeAonYCTI1MbI OnpOMeT'lI1Bble warl1, He06xOAI1MO
06R38TenbHO Y'leCTb onblT, HaKonneHHblH B APyrl1x cTpaHax.

BonpocbI no T8KCTY
• H8 KaKOM OCHOBaHl111 MOlKHO rOBOpl1Tb 06 Y'leHI1I1 AAaM8 CMI1Ta K8K 06 Y'leHI1I1 0
cB060AHOH ToproBne?
->•
• 'lTO TaKoe npOTeKL\I'10HI13M?

•B 'leM CYTb npOCTOH I1Ael1,3BnOlKeHHOH B OCHOBY KeHHCI18HCTBa?

• 'lTO MOHeTapl13M C'lI1T8eT l!eHOH AeHer, p8CCMaTpl1BaR I1X B Ka'leCTBe TOB8p8?

BonpOCbl AlIA 06CYlICA8HMA

• KaK cnoc06CTBYIOT P83BI1TI11O 3KOHOMI1KI1 cB060Aa npeAnpl1HI1MaTenbCTBa 11
KOHKYpeHl!I1R?

• KaKI1MI1 MOlKHO C'lI1T8Tb nepCneKTI1Bbl 3CTOHI111 B 06n8CTI1 MelKAYHapOAHOH CB060AHOi'l

TOprOBnl1?

• MOlKHO nl1 rOBOpl1Tb 0 npl1MeHeHl111 npl1Hl!l1nOB Kei'lHCl1aHCTBa B 3CTOHI1I1?

• npl1HOCI1T I1H<!>nRl!I1R P83BI1TI11O 3KOHOMI1KI1 nonb3Y I1nl1 npl1'lI1HReT BpeA?

38A8HMA
·06cYAI1Te B03MOlKHbie nocneACTBI1R npl1MeHeHI1R 3cToHl1ei'l npOTeKl!110HI13Ma B
3KOHOMI1Ke B l!enOM I1nl1 B OTAenbHblx ee OTpacnRx.

• npOBeAI1Te Al1cnYT Ha TeMY uMorYT nl1 3KOHOMI1'leCKl1e TpYAHOCTH CTaTb yrp030i'l

P83BI1TI11O AeMoKpaT1111 B 3CTOHI1I1?"

• Hanl1WI1Te paCCYlKAeHl1e Ha TeMY uII!H<!>nRL\I1R - XOPOWO 111111 MOXO?"

41
 ABAA~Tb WECTOA YPOK.
26 Cl)OPMbI npeAnpMHMM8TenbcTB8 (9.8)

Aanbwe p83rOBOp nOH,QeT 0 T8KHX THnax npe.qnpHRTHiii K8K nOI1Hoe TOB8pHweCTBO,

KOMM8H,4lfTHOe TOB8pHweCTBO H TOaSpHwecTBo C orp8HwleHHoiii OTBeTCTBeHHOCTblO. BPRA I1H
Cfle.qOBano 6b1 YCBOHTb Bce, CBR38HHoe C 3THMH BeCbM8 no,qp06HblMH "cnHCK8MH", K8K
cP8KTWIBCKOe 3H8HHe. npe.qCT8BI1ReTcR 6011ee L4el1eco06p83HblM C'IHT8Tb OCHOSHblMH
nOHRTIfRMH 3Toro Y'le6Horo TeKCT8 06WHB nOHRTHR, BbiAeneHHblB .QnR Y'l8wHXCR )l(IfPHblM
WPlfcP TOM .

Y'lHTelllO He06xoAHMO nOMHHTb 0 TOM, 'ITO XOTSI TeKCT Y'le6HHKa paCKpblBaeT CHa'lana
COAeplKaHHe nOHSITHSI "aKlIHOHepHOe 06~eCTBO', pa3roBop 06 aKlIHSlX noi1AeT n03lKe, a TeMe
lIeHHblX 6YMar lIelleco06pa3Ho BbJAellHTb OTAellbHbli1 ypOK.

aTa TeMa SlBllS1eTCSI, MOlKeT 6blTb, caMOi1 lKH3HeHHoi1 H n03TOMY cy~ecTBeHHoi1. OHa
cHa6lKaeT Bac npaKTH'leCKHMH 3HaHHSlMH AIlSi caMocToSiTellbHoi1 lKH3HH nOClle OKOH'laHHSI
WKOllbl, paCCKa3blBaSi 0 B03MOlKHOCTSIX B cQ>epe npeAnpHHHMaTellbCTBa, 06 HHBeCTHlIHSlX H
APyrOM. PaccMaTpHBalOTcSI TaKlKe pa311H'lHble Q>OPMbl npeA11pHHHMaTellbCTBa H B03MOlKHOCTH
Y'laCTHSI B npeAnpHHHMaTellbCTBe.

BecbMa B8lKHa H HHQ>opMallHSI 06 3KOHOMH'leCKHX H KOMMep'leCKHX PHCKax H 0 Bonpocax

3THKH (HanpHMep,CneKYllS1l1HH). B cOBpeMeHHoi1 aCTOHHH MOlKHO HepeAKO YCllblwaTb H 'lHTaTb
o AOllrax H 6aHKpoTcTBax.

OCHOBHblMH nOHSlTHSlMH, KOTopble clleAyeT YCBOHTb B pe3YllbTaTe AaHHoro ypoKa, SlBllS1IOTCSI

~M3M'leCKOe nMQO, TOBspM~eCTBO C HeOrpSHM'leHHOi OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb~,
TOBspM~eCTBO C orpsHM'leHHOi OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb~, 6SHKPOTCTBO.

~ BonpOCbl no TeKCTY
• • KaKOi1 3aKoHoAaTellbHbli1 aKT peryllHpyeT npeAnpHHHMaTellbCTBO B aCTOHHH?

• KaKHe 06~ecTBa SlBIlSIIOTCSI TOsapH~BCTBaMH C HeorpaHH'leHHoi1 OTBeTCTBeHHOCTbiO H nO'leMY7

·KaKHe 06~ecTBa SlBIlSIIOTCSI TosapH~eCTBaMH C OrpaHH'leHHoi1 OTBBTCTBeHHOCTbIO H nO'leMY7

• 'iTO TaKoe aKlIHSI?

• 'ieM OmH'laeTCSI TOBapH~eCTBO OT KOMMep'leCKOrO 06beAHHeHHSI?

• KorAS 06bSlBllS1eTCSI 6aHKpOTCTBO KOMMep'leCKOrO 06beAHHeHHSI?

BonpOCbl AnSI 06CYlKAeHMSI

• nO'leMY KOMMep'leCKHe 06beAHHeHHSI C 6011bWHM 060POTOM H WHPOKHM KpyroM
B118AellblleB lIelleco06pa3Hee OCHOBaTb B Q>opMe TOBapH~eCTBa C orpaHH'leHHoi1
OTBeTCTBeHHOCTblO?

• B Y'le6HHKe npHBeAeH npHMep KOMnblOTepHoro TOBapH~eCTBa Y'la~HXCSI. KaK MOlKHO

npeBpaTHTb ero B KOMMep'leCKOe npeAnpHSITHe?

• KaKHe B03MOlKHOCTH coxpaHSIeT npeA11pHSITHe AIlSi AeSiTellbHOCTH, KorAS 06bSlBlleHO ero

6aHKpOTCTBO?

38A8HMe
• COCTaBbTe 03HaKOMHn311bHoe onHcaHHe npeAnpHSITHSI, KOTopoe Bbl MorllH 6bl Y'lpeAHTb
cei1'lac lKe.

42
ABAA'-'ATb CEAbMOA YPOK.
'-'eHHble 6YM8nt. &yxranTepCKM" Y'leT (9.9, 9.10)
27

nOCBflll.leHHbliii 6yxranrepcKOM}' }I'Ie1}' TeKCT }I'Ie6HUKB O'IeHb CJKBTbliii U KOHlq)eTHbliii. KBJ( U

npUBe,o.eHHBR ra6n",~ 6anBHC8. ~T06b1 }I'IB/l.IUecR Mornu n}l'lwe nOHfITb C}'Il.IHOCTb 6anBHC8.
ra6nu/.ly cne,o.osano 6b111/1f1 HBrllfl,ll,HOCrn aanonHUTb LlUcPPOBbiMU ,D.BHHblMU.

B HaweM nOBceAHeBHOM pa3rOBope Bce 'la~e Bcrpe'lalOTCSI TaKMe nOHSlTMSI KaK aKl4I1S1.
o6nMrallMSI.npMBaTM3allMOHHble lIeHHble 6YMarM. MHOlKeCTBO nlOAeH BKnSAblBaeT B HMX 60nee
MnM MeHee 3Ha'lMTenbHble cpeACTBa B HSAelKAe nOnY'lMTb npM6blnb. B MMpe HeMano
M3BeCTHbiX AeSiTeneH (HanpMMep. aMepMKaHCKMH MMMMapAep BeHrepCKoro npOMCXOlKAeHMSI
AlKoPAlKCOpOC).KoTopble nonOlKMnM Ha'ianO CBoeMY COCTOSlHMIO MMeHHO CAenKaMM Ha pblHKe
lIeHHblX 6YMar. Y'le6HbIH MaTepMan MeT npeACTaBneHMe 0 CY~HOCTM lIeHHblX 6YMar.

OCHOBOH BceH <pMHaHCOBOH AeSiTenbHOCTM KOMMep'leCKOrO npeAnpMSlTMSI SlBnSleTCSI

6yxranTepCKMH Y'leT. npeAnpMSlTMe He MOlKeT AeHCTBOBaTb ycnewHo 6e3 opraHM30BaHHoro
H8AflelKa~MM 06pa30M 6yxranTepCKoro Y'leTa - MHa'ie OTCYTCTBOBana 6bl AOCTOBepHaSi
MH<popMallMSI 0 ero AoxOAax. paCXOAax. 06S13aTenbCTBax 101 npO'lMX cy~ecTBeHHblX
06CTOSITenbcTBax. OKa3bIBalO~MX B03AeHCTBMe Ha <PYHKlIMOHMpOBaHMe npeAnpMSlTMSI.
AeHCTBMTenbHoe 3Ha'leHMe ponM 6yxranTepCKoro Y'leTa paCKpblBaeTCSI B 3TOM lKe Y'le6HOM
MaTepMane.

OCHOBHble nOHSlTMSI :3Toro YPOKa: LleHHble 6YMSrM, 6MPlKS, 6anaHC, SKTMBbI, nSCCMBbi.

BonpOCbl no TeKCTY ~
• nepe'lMCnMTe OCHOBHble TMnbl lIeHHblX 6YMar. •
· B 'leM 3aKnIO'laeTCSI OCHOBHoe pa3nM'lMe MelKAY 06nMrallMeH, aKlIMeH 6e3 npaBa ronoca
101 aKlIMeH C npaBOM ronoca?

• KaKMe onepallMM npOBOASlTCSI Ha 6MPlKax?

• nepe'lMCnMTe OCHOBHble AOKYMeHTbl 6yxranTepCKoro Y'leTa.

• '-ITO TaKoe 6anaHC?

BonpocbI AIlR 06CYlKAeHMR

• B 'leM 3aKnIO'laeTCSI npeAHa3Ha'leHMe lIeHHblX 6YMar?
• nO'IeMY AeHbrM He SlBnSlIOTCSI lIeHHblMM 6YMaraMM?

• KaKMe 06CTOSITenbCTBa MOfYT Bbl3BaTb y BnSAenblleB lIeHHblX 6YMar lKenaHMe CPO'lHO

npOAaTb aKl4I1M HeKOTopblX npeAnpMSlTMH?

• nO'IeMY 3aKOH 06S13b1BaeT Bcex nMlI, 3aHMMalO~MXCSI npeAnpMHMMaTenbCTBOM, BeCTM

6yxranTepCKMH Y'leT?

• AofllKHbl nM 06e COCTaBnSlIO~X 6anaHca - aKrnBbl 101 naCCMBbl - 6blTb B paBHOBeCMM?

• KaK MOfYT pacnopSilKaTbCSI npM6blnbIO KOMMep'leCKMe npeAnpMSlTMSI? KaKMe cnoc06b1

pacnpeAeneHMSI npM6blflM HaM60nee lIeneC006pa3HbI C TO'lKM 3peHMSI nepCneKTMB
pa3BMTMSI npeAnpMSlTMSI?

38A8HMe
• nOCTapaHTeCb A06blTb rOAOBOH 6anaHC KOMMep'leCKOrO npeAnpMSlTMSI 101 03HaKOMbTeCb C
3TMM AOKYMeHTOM.

43
 ABAAl4ATb BOCbMOA YPOK.
28 Pe310Me no Bonpoc8M ~MH8HCOBOM M 3KoHoMM~ecKoM nonMTMKM.

ASSRTSR TBMS COp,SP)I(BnS MHoro S8)I(HbiX p,nR K(J)I(,l1,OrO 'IenOSeKB nOHRTHIii H p,nR
3BKPSnnSHHR YCSOSHHoro MBTSPHBnS Hs06xop,HMO nop,rOTOSHTb pe3lOMe. L(T06b1 nposepHTb,
KSK Y'lSIL(HecR YCSOHnH rpH 6nOKB 3HBHHIii, MO)l(HO nposeCTH KOHrponbHYIO ps60ry: 'IBCTb
sonpocos Morns 6b1 6b1Tb nOCSRlL(eHS np06nSMSTHKe p,eHer H 6SHKOSCKOro p,snB, BTOPBR -
npo6nSMSM 3KOHOMH'ISCKOlii nonHTHKH H rpSTbR - BonpocBM npep,npHHHMBTenbcTBB.

KOHrponbHSR ps60ra Morns 6b1 p,06HBBTbCR HeCKonbKWC ~enelii. nepBBR H3 HHX -

3SKpsnnSHHS HOBbiX nOHRTHIii 'Iepe3 PSCKpblTHe HX COp,ep>KSHHR (HBnpHMep, 'ITO TBKoe
3MHCCHR, KeM 6b1J1 A>K. M. KeliiHC). BTOPBR ~enb KOHTponbHolii pB60Tbi - npOBepHTb
cnoc06HOCTb Y'lSIL(HXCR nOHHMSTb CYILIHOCTb RsneHHIii H PBCKPblBSTb CYlLleCTBYlOlL(He Melfl;llY
HHMH CBR3H. 3TO ~ensco06pB3HO BbiRCHHTb C nOMOlL(blO BonpOCOB, Tpe6YIOIL(HX KOPOTKHX
PS3bRCHSHHiiI (HsnpHMSp, PS3bRCHHTS, 'ITO npHBop,HT npep,npHRTHe K 6BHKPOTCTBY; nO'IeMY
nocTco~HsnHcTH'IeCKHM CrpSHSM nop,xop,HT MOHerapHCTCKSR 3KOHOMH'IeCKBR nOnHTHKB).
Hs60p nop,06HblX BonpOCOB H 3Bp,SHHiiI npHBep,eH B p,BHHOM MeTOp,H'IeCKOM PYKOBop,CTBe p,nR
K(J)I(,l1,Oro 3SHRTHR.

MToroBbliiI YPOK HS p,On)l(eH npep,CTBBnRTb c060lii KOHTponbHYIO pB60TY

npOp,On)l(HTSnbHocTblO 45 MHHyr. npH p,OCTSTO'lHOiil BKTHBHOCTH Y'IBIL(HXCR MO>KHO
OrpSHH'IHTbCR KOPOTKHM nHCbMeHHblM KOHTponeM 3HBHHIii, p,ononHRR ero HTorOBbiM
06CYJK,lIBHHeM, Hs~enBHHblM HS rj)OPMHpoBsHHe CHCTeMbi 3HBHHIii. HsnpHMep, MO)l(HO
PSCCMOTPSTb 3KOHOMH'IecKYIO H rj)HHSHCOBYIO nonHTHK}' 3CTOHCKOlii Pecny6nHKH C TO'lKH
3PSHHR KOHCTHry~HH, rp,s 3TH BonpOCbI 3STpBrHBBIOTCR B CTSTbRX 29,30,31,48, 65, 78,87, 104
H 106,'ISCTH'IHO WlH nonHOCTblO HM)I(e nOCBRlL(eHbI BOCbMBR H Op,HHHBp,~TBR mBBbI.

44
05PA30BAHME
AecRTsR TeMS COCp~OTO~eHS HS ~Syx SCneKT.aX 06PS30BSHHR - HS ero HCroPHH H HS
10
cospeMeHHot'i opraHH3S~HH 06PS30SSHHR. Heo6xo~HMOCTb PSCCMOTpeHHR sonpocos
06PS30SSHHR S PSMKSX 06~eCTsos~eHHIO PSCKpblsseT nepsSR
KYPCS no nO~TSMS,
nocsR~eHHSR S3SHMOCSR3H KYnbTYPbI H 06PS30SSHHR.

TeMs OTHOCHTenbHO eMKSR,HO 3HS~HTenbHSR ee ~SCTb nOCBR~SHS nOSTopeHHIO MSTspHans,

3HSKOMOro H3 KYPCS HCTOpHH. 6nsro~spR 3TOMY TeMY MO)l(HO PSCCMOrpSTb 3S ~SS YPOKS: HS
O~HOM seCb 6nOK HCTOPHH 06PS30SSHHR,HS STOPOM B3SHMOCSR3b KYnbTYPbI H 06PS30SSHHR,S
TSlOICe sce sonpocbI oprSHH3S~HH 06PS30SSHHR S cospeMeHHOH 3CTOHHH.

npH PSCCMOTpeHHH ~SHHOH TeMbi ~HTenb ~On)l(SH npHHRTb PSWSHHS 0

nocn~OSSTenbHOCTH HsnO)l(eHHR MSTepHans - HS~STb H3~SHHS C HCTOPH~SCKoro 6nOKS HnH
C sonpocos cospeMeHHOH oprSHH3S~HH 06PS30SSHHR. ECTeCTseHHO, ~TO S 3SSHCHMOCTH OT
TOro, KSKOt'i nopR~OK 6y~eT sbl6pSH, cn~yeT TSlOKe nocrpOHTb SCryTlHTenbHYIO ~SCTb YPOKOS.
B 3TOM PYKOSO~CTse HsnO)l(eH nepSblH H3 ~syx S03MO)l(HbiX SSPHSHTOS - PSCCMorpeHHS TeMbi
HS~HeTCR C np~blCTOPHH npo6neMSTHKH.

ABAAL4ATb AEBSITbiA YPOK. 29

OT MCTOKOB WKOnbHOrO 06P830B8HMR AO COBpeMeHHOM opr8HM38qMM
06P830B8HMR (10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6, 10.7)

Y'Ie6a - OAHO I-Ia ApeBHeiiwl-lx aaHRTl-lii '1eIlOBe'leCTBa,69a KOToporo OHO He 06XOAI-IIlOCb HI-I
B OAHY anoxy. 3a TbICR'IeIleTI-IR 06paaOBaHl-le npOAeIlBI10 aHa'll-lT9IlbHblii nyrb paaBI-ITI-IR,a POIlb
06paaOBaHI-IR CTaHOBI-IIlaCb Bce 60Ilee onpeAeIlRIO~eii B lKl-laHeAeRTeIlbHOCTI-I 06~eCTBa.
ECIlI-I nOHa'lBJ1Y aHaHI-IR 6b1IlI-I AocrynHbl IlI-IWb HeMHOrl-lM, I-IX peBHI-IBO CKPbIBBJ11-1 OT Wl-lPOKI-IX
CIloeB HaCeIleHI-IR, TO B COBpeMeHHblX YCIlOBI-IRX 06paaOBaHl-le CTBJ10 lKl-laH9HHO Heo6xOAI-IMbIM
AOCTORHl-leM. npOCIlelKI-IBaeTCR 06~R aaKOHOMepHOCTb: '1eM 60Ilge 06paaOBaH '1eIlOBeK, TeM
60Ilbwe OTKpblBaeTCR nepeA HI-IM BoaMOlKHOCTeii.

MaTepI-IBJ1 YPOKa npeACTaBIlReT c060ii KpaTKoe I-IaIlOlKeHl-le Hal-l6oIlee BBlKHblX STanOB B

06paaOBaTeIlbHoii I-ICTOPI-II-I '1eIlOBe'leCTBa. OH aHaKOMI-IT Y'la~I-IXCR C npOl!9CCOM OTAeIleHI-IR
06paaOBaHI-IR OT nOBceAHeBHoii HapOAHoii neAarOrl-lKI-I 1-1 npeBpa~eHI-IR ero B
caMOCTORTeIlbHYIO c<jlepy AeRTeIlbHOCTI-I, a TaKlKe C npOl!eCCOM CTaHOBIleHI-IR COBpeMeHHoii
WKOIlbHOii CI-ICTeMbl. "lTo6b1 06~ee 06paaOBaHl-le '1eIlOBeKa 6b1IlO nOIlHbIM, eMY He06xOAI-IMO
aHaTb 0 ceMM BMAax CBo6oAHblX MCKYCCTB cpeAHeBeKOBbR. HenocpeACTBeHHoe
BoaAeiicTBl-le OKaablBBJ1a Ha 3CTOHI-I1O peejlopMal4MR l!epKBI-I, nOSTOMY B KOHTeKCTe I-ICTOPI-II-I
06paaOBaHI-IR B 3CTOHI-II-I He06xOAI-IMO I-IMeTb npeACTaBIleHl-le 0 lKl-laHI-I 1-1 AeRTeIlbHOCTI-I
MapTMHa nlOTepa.

KBlKAaR anoxa I-IMeIla 1-1 I-IMeeT CBoii 06paaOBaTeIlbHblii CTaHASpT - COBOKYnHOCTb aHaHl-lii 1-1
HaBbIKOB, 6ea BIlBAeHI-IR KOTOpoii '1eIlOBeKa Hell baR 6blIlO C'II-ITaTb 06paaOBaHHb1M.
COBpeMeHHblii 06paaOBaTeIlbHblii CTaHAapT nO'lTI-I BeaAe npeAnOIlaraeT Bce06~ee
06RaaTeIlbHoe 06Y'IeHl-le. 3Ha'll-lTeIlbHO BOapOCIla TaKlKe POIlb npo<jleccMoHanbHoro
o6pa30BaHMR 1-1 06Y'1eHMR B3POcnblX. 3HaKOMCTBO C Y'le6HblM MaTepI-IBJ10M nOMOlKeT
Y'la~I-IMCR IlY'lwe ocoaHaTb l!eHHOCTb 06paaOBaHI-IR.

45
~
BonpocbI no TeKCTY

• • '"ITO TaKOB HapOAHaSl nBAaronlKa?

• '"IBM OTJUI'laIlOCb 06pa30BaH"'B B CnapTB OT 06pa30BaH"'SI B A<j>"'Hax?

• nBpB'l"'Cn"'TB CBMb CBo60AHbiX "'CKYCCTB CPBAHBBBKOBbSl.

• Ha30B"'TB CBMb PbII.\B.PCK"'X Ao6nBCTB~.

• KaKo~ nOClynaT LlBPKOBHO~ pB<j>opMaLl"'''' cnoco6CTBoean pacnpocTpaHBH"'1O 06paaOBaH"'SI?

• KorAa B oCTOH"'''' 6blna AocT",rHyra BCB06~SI rpaMOTHOCTb HaCBnBH"'SI?

BonpocbI AIIR 06CYlKAeHMR

• KaK"'B 3HaH"'SI '" HaBbIK'" nlOA'" YCBa"'BaIOT CBrOAHSI npB"'MYllIBCTBBHHO 6narOAapSI
HapOAHO~ nBAaror"'KB?

• '"IBM 06bSlCHSlBTCSI 3Ha'l"'TBnbHaSl ponb LlBpKB'" B pa3B"'T"'''' 06pa30BaH"'SI Ha npOTSllKBH"''''

"'CTOp"''''?

• Ha KaK"'X 3Tanax "'CTOP"'''' 06pa30BaH"'SI Bbl COCPBAOTO'l",n", 6bl BH"'MaH"'B, BblCTynaSl Ha

TBMY ")I(BHllI"'Hbl '" 06pa30BaH"'B"?

• np"'BBA"'TB apryMBHTbl "3a" '" "npOT"'B" np"'HLI",na npBBMCTBBHHOCT'" 06pa30BaH"'SI

(BA"'HO~ WKonbl).

3aAaHMR
• COCTaBbTB CBOAHYIO "'H<j>opMaLl"'IO 0 TOM, KaK 06pa30BaH"'B "'3 3aHSlT"'SI AIlSl "'36paHHb1X
nOCTBnBHHO CTaIlO AOCTynHblM AIlSl BCBX '" KaK"'B 3Tanbl 3Toro npOLlBcca MOlKHO
BbIABn"'Tb B "'CTOP"'''' 06pa30BaH"'SI.

• COCTaBbTB 0630PHYIO "'H<j>opMaLl"'1O 0 B03MOlKHOCTSlX 06Y'lBH"'SI B3pocnbiX B

CBrOAHSlWHB~ 3CTOH"'''',on'''paSlCb Ha MaTBp"'aIlbl CPBACTB MaCCOBO~ "'H<j>opMaLl"'''''

30 TPMAI.4ATblM YPOK.
o CBR3RX KynbTYpbl M 06pa30BaHMR. 06 opraHM3a14MM 06pa30BaHMR B
COBpeMeHHOM 3CTOHMM (10.1,10.8,10.9,10.10,10.11)

06pa30BaH"'B ",rpaIlO B pa3HbiB 3nox", pa3n"''lHYIO ponb B lK"'3H'" 06ll1BCTBa. O'lBB"'AHO, 'ITO
60nbW"'HCTBO nIOAB~ 06XOA",nOCb Ha npOTSllKBH"'''' "'CTOP"'''' 3HaH"'SlM'" '" HaBbIKaM"',
YCBOBHHbIM'" 6naroAaPSl HapOAHO~ nBAarornKB, APyr"'M'" cnOBaM'" • 6B3 C"'CTBMaT"''1BCKOrO
WKonbHoro 06pa30BaH"'SI. B Haw", AH'" ponb C"'CTBMaT"''lBCKorO 06pa30BaH"'SI CYllIBCTBBHHO
B03pocna, HBpBAKO OHO "'MBBT HBnocpBACTBBHHO lK"'3HBHHOB 3Ha'lBH"'B. 06pa30BaH"'B HB
TonbKO pacw"'pSlBT B03MOlKHOCT'" AIlSl nO"'CKa pa60Tbl, HO npBACTaBnSlBT co6o~ TaKlKB
BA"'HCTBBHHOB CPBACTBO np"'06ll1BH"'SI K 60raTCTBaM KynbTypbl '1BnOBB'IBCTBa B LlBnOM.

KaK 06BCnB'I"'BaBTCSI B COBPBMBHHO~ 3CTOH"'''' AOCTynHOCTb 06pa30BaH"'SI AIlSl BCBX?

KaK"'M'" B03MOlKHOCTSlM'" Mbl 06naAaBM AIlSl nonY'lBH"'SI TOro ",n", "'Horo 06pa30BaH"'SI?
CKonbKO CTO"'T 06pa30BaH"'B? OTBBTbl Ha nBpB'l"'CnBHHbIB BonpOCbl '" PSIA APyr",x np"'BeAeHbl
B TBKCTB Y'lB6H"'Ka. oT'" 3HaH"'SI MOryr np"'HBCT'" npaKT"''1eCKYIO nonb3Y, KorAa Bbl 6YAeTe
pBwaTb Bonpoc 0 TOM,KaK '" rAB npOAonlK"'Tb CBoe 06pa30BaH",e.

46
 Bbl YCBOHnH OCHOBHOe 1013 yoIe6HOrO MaTepHana, eCnH 3HaeTe, 'ITO perynHpyeT 38KOH 06
06P83088HMM, KTO nOAllelKMT Bceo6~eMY 06113BTeJlbHOMY 06Y'18HMIO,'1TO npeACTaanRIOT
co6oi1 rOCYA8pCTBeHHbl8 Y'le6Hbl8 npOrp8MMbI, KaKHe rOCYA8pCTB8HHbl8 M
MYHM~nanbHble Y'lpellfAeHMII 06P830B8HMII Aei1cTByIOT B 3CTOHHH, B KaKOi1 CTeneHH
06pa30BaHHe RBnReTCR nnaTHblM, 'ITO B 3CTOHHH ocy~ecTBnReTCR npMH~Mn
npeeMCTBeHHOCTM 06P830B8HMII (BAMHOA WKOllbl).

BonpocbI no TeKcTY ~
• "ITO TaKoe KYnbTYpa?

• 'ho nOHHMaeTCR nOA npHH~noM npeeMcTBeHHocTH o6pa30BaHHR (eAl;1Hoi1 wKonbl)?

•
• "ITO TaKoe yoIe6HaR nporpaMMa?

• "leM OTnH'IaIOTCR OTKpblTbie (roCYAapCTBeHHble 101 MYHH~HnanbHble) Y'IpelKAeHHR

HapOAHoro 06pa30BaHHR OT '1aCTHbiX WKon?

• "leM OTnH'IaeTCR TapTYCKHi1 YHHBepCHTeT OT APyrnx BY30B 3CTOHCKoi1 Pecny6nHKH?

BonpOCbl AJ1R 06CYlKAeHMR

·nO'leMY KOHCTHTY~ei1 3CTOHCK0i1 Pecny6nHKH YCTaHOBneHO Bceo6~ee 06R3aTenbHoe
06yo1eHHe AnR AeTei1 B B03paCTe 101 06beMe,onpeAeneHHbiX 38KOHOM?

•B '1eM npeHMy~ecTBa '1aCTHbiX WKon nepeA OTKPblTblMH (roCYAapCTBeHHbIMH 101

MYHH~HnanbHblMH) WKonaMH 101 KaKHe onaCHOCTH MOryT 6b1Tb CBR3aHbI C '1aCTHbIMH
WKonaMH?

• KaKHe npHH~HnHanbHble H3MeHeHHR B COAeplKaHHH 06yo1eHHR BblHYlKAeHbI 6b1nH

oc~eCTBHTb yoIpelKAeHHR npO<j>eCCHOHanbHoro 06pa30BaHHR 3CTOHHH B pe3ynbTaTe
CMeHbl 06~eCTBeHHoro CTpOR?

38AaHMR
• COCTaBbTe CBOi1 BapHaHT yoIe6Hoi1 nporpaMMbl, nepe'lHCnHB npeAMeTbl 06yo1eHHR 101 HX
06beM ('1aCOB B HeAenlO). EcnH Baw BapHaHT OTnH'IaeTCA cy~ecTBeHHO OT o<j>H~HanbHO
YTBeplKAeHHoi1 nporpaMMbI, ASi1Te 060CHOBaHHe, nO'leMY Bbi COCTaBHnH HMeHHO TaKYIO
nporpaMMy.

• nOArOTOBbTe nOBeCTKY AHA 3aceASHHR nOne'lHTenbCKoro COBeTa Bawei1 WKonbi.

06bRCHHTe,nO'leMY Bbi Bbl6panH AnA 06CYlKAeHHA HMeHHO 3TH BonpOCbl.

47
11 MACCOBASI MHCJ)OPMA~MSI
npsccy HSPSAKO Ha3b1SSIOT '1eTSepTOH snaCTblO S 06LL1eCTse. C TO'lKI1 3peHI1R
o6LL1eCTSOSB,lleHI1R TSMS CPB,llCTS MaCCOSOH I1Hq,opMaLlI1I1 npB,llCTasnReT '1pe3SbI'IaHHblH
I1HTSpSC. CerOAHR S 3CTOHI111 CYLLIeCTsyeT oco6aR Heo6xoAlfMOCTb S onpB,lleneHI1I1 ponl1
npeccbI S )l(113HI1 06LL1BCTBB, a TalOKe nonY'lI1Tb o6LL1ee npB,llCTasneHl1e 0 cpeAcTsax MaCCOSOH
I1Hq,opMaLlI1I1. ~l1cneHHocTb paanl1'1HblX ne'laTHbiX l1~aHI1~p~110CTaHLlI1H 11 TeneKaHanos
npOAOn)l(aeT paCTI1. 113 3Toro MO)l(HO CAenaTb SbiSOA, 'ITO npecca nOnb3yeTcR 3aMeTHOH
nonynRpHocTblO KaK cq,eps AeRTenbHOCTI1. C APyroH CTOPOHbI, npecca HepB,llKO sosne'leHa S
ps3Horo pOAa CKaHABnbl 11 HB,llOpa3YMeHI1R. I1HTepec npeccbI MO)l(eT nosnl1RTb Ha )l(113Hb
'1enOSSKa O'leHb cYLLIeCTSeHHo - KaK K nY'lweMY, TaK 11 KXYAweMY. n03TOMY S paMKax KYPca no
06LL1SCTSOSB,lleHI1IO Henb3R 060HTI1 SHI1MaHl1eM CTonb snl1RTenbHblH .q,aKTop 06LL1eCTSeHHoH
)l(113HI1.

ASTOPbl Y'le6HI1Ka paCCMaTpl1SalOT npo6neMY S ASYX acneKTax,I1MelOLLlI1X npl1HLll1nl1BnbHOe

3HS'IeH;"'e. Bo-nepsblx, OHI1 AenalOT 3KCKYPC S I1CTOPI1IO CPB,llCTS MaccosoH I1Hq,opMaLlI1I1
(3TOMY MO)l(HO nOCSRTI1Tb nepsblH YPOK), SO-STOPblX pacKpblsalOT ponb CPB,llCTS MaccosoH
I1Hq,OPMSLlI1I1 S cospeMeHHoM 06LL1eCTSe (Llenecoo6ps3HO paccMoTpeTb Ha STOPOM YPoKe).
Ecnl1 nOH~o6I1TCR TpeTI1H,I1TOrOSblH ypo~ Ha HeM cnB,llOSBnO 6b1 paCCMOTpeTb sonpocbI
06PS30SSHI1R 11 MSCCOSOH I1Hq,opMaLlI1I1.

TeMs YAenReT AOCTSTO'lHO SHI1MSHI1R npaSl1naM nOSB,lleHI1R AeMOKpaTl1'1eCKOH npeCCbI, K

06C}?KAeHI1IO 3TI1X sonpocos CneAOSBnO 6b1 nOArOTOSI1TbCR 11 co6paTb no,qxoARLLlI1H
HsrnRAHblH MaTepl1Bn 113 nl1wYLLleH npeCCbI, '1To6b1 nOAseprHYTb ero aHBnl13Y C TO'lKI1 3peHI1R
COOTSeTCTSI1R SbiAeneHHblM KpI1TepI1RM.

31 TPMAlV'Tb nEPBblA YPOK.

Pa3BMTMe ne'f8THOM M 3neKTpOHHOM npeCCbl (11.1, 11.2)

MHOlKeCTBO I1IOAeii Ha'lI1HaeT AeHb C 'lTeHI1R ra3eTbi 3a yrpeHHeii 'lawKoii Kocjle. MHorl1e 113
Hac Cl1ywalOT B Te'leHl1e AHR PBAI10, peAKO MOlKHO BCTpeTI1Tb 'leI10BeKa, KOTOPblii He Cl1eA1111
6bl Be'lepOM 3a Tel1eBI13110HHblMI1 nepeAa'laMI1. HeMano 11 I1IOAeii,A/1R KOTOPblX lKYPHanl1CTI1Ka
RBI1ReTCR npocjleccl1eii, B03MOlKHO, OHa CTaHeT Ael10M lKI13HI1 11 HeKOTopblX 113 Bac. TaKI1M
06pa30M npecca CTana HeOTAel1l1MOii 'laCTblO Haweii nOBceAHeBHoii lK113HI1.

liICTOKI1 lKYpHaI1I1CTI1KI1, KaK 11 I1CTOKI1 06pa30BaHI1R, YXOART B AaIleKYIO I1CTOPI1IO.

)f(ypHanI1CTI1Ka, KaK 11 06pa30BaHl1e, 6bll1a B Te'leHl1e CTOl1eTl1ii AocrynHoii I1I1Wb HeMHOrI1M;
lKYpHa!1I1CTI1Ka,KaK 11 06pa30BaHl1e,npeACTaBI1ReT c060ii cjleHoMeH,6e3 KOToporo HOpMa!1bHaR
lKI13Hb OKa3a!1aCb 6bl B YCI10BI1RX COBpeMeHHOCTI1 HeB03MOlKHOii.

liI3Y'laR 3ry TeMY, Bbl Y3HaeTe 06 I1CTOKax lKYPHBIlI1CTI1KI1 B ApeBHeM PI1Me 11 ApeBHeM
KI1Tae,o npol1cxolKAeHl111 PRAB CBR3aHHbiX C nl1wY14eii npeccoii nOHRTl1ii - ra3eTa, repOl1bA
(BeCTHI1K), 3Kcnpecc, lKel1TaR npecca - 11 nOI1Y'lI1Te npeACTaBl1eHl1e 06 I1X 3Ha'leHI1I1. rOBOpR
06 I1CTOPI1I1 lKYpHaIlI1CTI1KI1, Hel1b3R 060iiTI1 BHI1MaHl1eM I1MeHa AByx Bl1l1RTel1bHblX
I1CTOPI1'lBCKI1X AeRTel1eii - MoraHHa r"yTeH6epra 11 AlKo3eclla nynMTqepa.

48
 ~
BonpocbI no TeKCyY
, 'leM 06R3aHa mlwYU¥lR npecca li10raHHY ryreH6epry?

'KeM 6bU1 .D,lKo3eej> nym1Tl-lep?

•
'Ha30BHTe Cnel\l'lej>WleCKHe oco6eHHOCTH B pacnpOCTPaHeHHH nHwY\l-Ielil npeCCbI,pa,ll,lfO H
TeneBHAeHHR B AaHH H Aej>pHKe.

BonpocbI AllSi 06CYlKAeHMSI

• KaKHe HCTopWleCKHe npWlHHbl MornH Bbl3BaTb B03HHKHOBeHHe lKYPHanHCTHKH?

, KaKoe 3Ha'leHHe HMeeT A/lR npeccbI peKnaMa?

,nO'leMY HOBbIe pa3HOBHAHOCTH MaCC-MeAHa He B COCTORHHH nonHOCTblO aaMeHHTb

TPaAHl\I'IOHHble ·ee BHAbI?

• npHBOAHT nH pa3BHTHe BbI'lHCnHTenbHolil TeXHHKH K TOMY,'lTO KOMnblOTepbl BblTeCHRT BCIO

CYlI-IeCTBYlOlI-IYIO cerOAHR CHCTeMY MaCC-MeAHa?

38A8HMSI
'COCTaBbTe cnHCOK TeM HnH cej>ep AeRTenbHOCTH, npeACTaBneHHblX B npecce 3CTOHHH
Cnel\l'lanbHblMH HaAaHHRMH.
n
• HanHWHTe paCCYlKAeHHe Ha TeMY "BnHRHHe MaCC-MeAHa Ha MeHR •

TPMAlV'Tb BTOPOA YPOK. 32

Ponb M8CCOBOM MHcI»opM8~M B 06~ (11.3)

npeccy npHHRTO Ha3b1BaTb 'leTBepTolil BnaCTblO B o6l1-1ecTBe 6narOAaPR ee orpOMHOMY

BnHRHHIO Ha MaCCbl. B 3CTOHHH 3TO npORBnReTCR BeCbMa HarnRAHO: C03,QaHHbllil npeccolil
HMI1A)K MOlKeT HMeTbA/lR 'lenOBeKa orpOMHoe 3Ha'leHHe. C APyrolil CTOPOHbI,B nOBceAHeBHolil
lKH3HH HaM YlKe HHKaK He o6olilTHCb 6e3 HHej>opMaLlHH,npeAOCTaBnReMOIil npeccolil.

B TO lKe BpeMR C AeRTenbHOCTblO npeccbI CBR3aHO HeMano CKaHAanOB: npo6neMbi C

BblAa'lelil pa3peweHHIil 0 AeRTenbHOCTH HOBblM TeneKaHanaM, CMeHa BnaAenbLleB ra3eT,
BonpOCbl AOCTOBepHOCTH ony6nHKoBaHHolil HHej>opMaLlHH. Bce 3TO CBHAeTenbcTByeT,
O'leBHAHO, 0 TPYAHOCTRX pOCTa cpeACTB MaCCOBolil HHej>opMal\l'lH B ycnOBHRX MonOAolil
3CTOHCKOlil AeMOKpaTHH. B TeKCTe Y'le6HHKa nepe'lHcneHbl CY\l-IeCTBeHHble KpHTepHH,KOTOPblM
AonlKHa COOTBeTCTBOBaTb xopowaR lKYpHanHCTHKa.

YCBOHB MaTepHan YPOKa, Bbl Y3HaeTe, KaKHX npaBHn nOBeAeHHR AonlKHa

npHAeplKHBaTbCR AeMOKpaTH'leCKaR npecca, 'ITO TaKoe qeH3ypa, 'leM OTnH'laeTCR cIIaKT
OT KOMMeHTapHR,KaKHe TeMbl AonlKHbl OCTaBaTbCR HenpHKOCHOBeHHblMH AnR npeccbI.

49
~
BonpocbI no TeKCTY

• • KaK)110 POl1b I1rpalOT B <l>opMl1pOBaHI1I1 06111BCTBBHHoro MHBHI1S1 CpBACTBa MaCCOBoiii

I1H<I>opMa1..ll111 no cpaBHBHl110 C APyrHMI1 <l>aKTOpaMI1?

• 'lTO TaKOB ~BH3ypa?

• KaKOBbi npaBl1l1a nOBBABHI1S1 ABMOKparn'leCKOiii npeccbI?

BonpocbI AJ1R 06Cpc.qeH ..R

• 'lTO nOApa3YMBBalOT nOA 06111BCTBBHHblM MHBHI1BM?

• nO'lBMY ~BH3ypa npBCCbl HBCOBMBCTI1Ma C ABMOKpaTI1Biii?

• K8K8S1 CYAb6a OlKl1AaBT CPBACTBO MaccOBoiii I1H<I>opMa~1111 (ra3Bry 111111 TBI1BKaHan),

3J10CTHO HapywalOl1Iee npaBl1l1a nOBeAeHI1S1 AeMOKpaTI1'lBCKOiii npBccbi?

38A8H .. R
• AaiiiTB xapaKTBpl1CTI1KY CpBACTBa MaCCOBoiii I1H<I>opMa~1111 (nB'laTHOrO 113AaH11S1,
pBAI10CTaHI..II111 111111 TBI1BKaHana), KOTopoe Bbl ~BHI1TB. 06bSlCHI1TB, 'IBM OHO npl1Bl1eKaBT
Bac.

• Bbl6Bpl1TB 311060AHBBHYlO ra3BTHYlO CTaTblO 11 O~BHI1TB BB C n0311~l1iii npaBl111

nOBBABHI1S1 AeMOKpaTl1'lBCKOiii npBCCbI - KaKI1M n0I10lKBHI1S1M 3TI1X npaBl111 OHa
COOTBBTCTBYBT,KaKI1M HBT?

33
TPHA~Tb TPETHA YPOK.
Pe310Me npo6neM 06P830B8H ..R .. M8CCOBOM .. Hcj)OpM8"'.....

MCTOpU'IeCKU o6pa30BaHue U cpep,CTBa MaCCOBOU uHcpopMaLluu pa3BUBanUCb

napannenbHO. TeCHaR B3aUMOCBR3b Me~y HUMU Ha6nlOp,aeTcR U cerop,HR - OTCYTCTBUe
Op,HOro UCKflIO'IaeT cy~ecTBoBaHue p,pyroro. nOp,06HaR B3aUMHaR 06ycnoBneHHocTb
p,aeT OCHOBaHue PoflR npOBep,eHUR UTorOBoro 3aHRTUR, B paMKax KOToporo
paCCMaTpUBalOTCR 06e TeMbI.

B ornu'Iue OT HeKOTopblX APyrnx TeM (HanpuMep, cpuHaHcoBou unu 3KOHOMU'IeCKOU

nonuTuKu),p,eCRTaR U Op,UHHB,llL(8TaR TeMbI He cop,eplKaT COBOKYnHOCTU CTonb c~eCTBeHHblX
HOBblX nOHRTUU, YCBoeHue KOTOPblX cnep,OBBflO 6b1 npOBepRTb B cpopMe KOHTponbHOU pa60TbI.
06e TeMbI - KaK 06pa30BaHue, TaK U cpep,CTBa MaCCOBOU UHcpopMaLlUU - OCTaBflRIOT Y'lUTenlO
MHoro CBo60p,bI PoflR TBOp'leCKOrO nop,xop,a, Ha ypOKe cnep,OBBflO 6b1 38TPOHYTb BonpOCbI
MOPBflU U 3TUKU.

MOlKHO paCCMOTpeTb BonpOCbI Ka'leCTBa nonY'laeMoro B WKone 06pa30BaHUR. ApyrUMU

cnoBaMu, norOBopUTb MOlKHO 0 nnaHax Y'la~UXCR Ha 6yp,y~ee U 06Cyp,UTb Bonpoc 0 TOM,
n03BonReT nu nonY'leHHoe B 06~e06pa30BaTenbHOU WKone 06pa30BaHue ocy~ecTBuTb 3TU
nnaHbI. KpOMe TOro, MOlKHO npOBeCTU p,UCKYCCUIO 0 HblHeWHeu curyaLluu B WKone -
6naronpURTHa nu OHa PoflR Y'la~UXCR U Y'lUTeneu unu HeT, 'ITO cnep,OBBflO 6b1 B Heu U3MeHUTb.

50
 ,lJ.nR PBCCMOTpeHlfR np06ReM Cpe,o.CTS MBCCOSOi'l IfHq,OPMSLjIfIf MO)l(HO npOSeCTH
CpBSHIfTenbHblH BHBnlf3 IfHq,OPMBLjlflf, COAep)l(BU4ei'lcR S r83erax COSeTCKOrO nepHOAB If S
CerOAHRWHHX If3,tlBHlfRX. MO)l(HO TalOKe C06paTb Sblpe3KIf 1013 PS3HblX H3ASHHH,S KOTOPblX OItHO
If TO )l(e C06b1THe IfRH nOSe,o.eHHe OAHOrO 101 TOrO )l(e 'IenOSeKa OLjeHHSaeTCR nO-pa3HOMY, 101
o6cYAlfTb, KaKHMH npH'IHHaMH 3TO o6ycnosneHO. EcnH S KIIBCCe HMeeTCR S03MO)l(HOCTb AflR
npOCMOTpa SHAeO, Y'laU4HMCR MO)l(HO npe,o.nO)l(HTb npOaHBnH3HpOBaTb q,HRbM, nepe,o.a'lY HRH
nporpaMMy HosocTei'l, CneLjHBnbHO 3anHCaHHblX Y'lHTeneM, If o6cYAHTb HX Ka'leCTSO 101 3q,q,eKT
S03,tleHCTSHR Ha 3pHTeRR.

OTAeRbHO CTOHT sonpoc 0 TOM, KaK npoRsnReTcR S Cpe,o.CTBaX MaCCOSOH HHI/IOPMBLlHIf

yposeHb 06pa30SaHHR HX COTPYAHHKOS - snap.elOT RH OHH HHOCTpaHHblMH R3b1KaMH,npaSHRbHO
RH nORb3YIOTCR POAHOH pe'lblO, 3HaKOMbi RH C o6U4HM KOHTeKCTOM npOLjeccos 101 RsneHHH,
AonYCKalOT RH OHH q,aKTIf'leCKHe OWlf6KIf, KaK Se,o.yr Ce6R sbicrynalOU4He.

TPH~Tb 'tETBEPTbIA H TPHA~Tb nRTblA YPOKH. Pe3epB.

51
 BTOPAR 'IACTb

KSK OTMS'4anOCb S SSB,tlSH"'''' K nspsolil '4SCTH, "'3}"1SH"'S npB,tlMSra MO)l(HO HS'4STb '" co
STOpolil '4SCT'" - C MSTSp",anS, KOTOPblliI OTHOC"'TCR K 06nscT'" nOn"'TOnOr",,,,. BTOPSR '4SCTb
nocsRlLIsHS PSCKPblT"'1O sonpocos, CSR3SHHblX C OCHOSSM'" nOn"'T"'K"', roCYASPCTSSHHOCT"',
KOHC~"'OHHOrO CTPOR '" npass.

rOCYAAPCTBO,nOnMTMKA,CnpAB~MBOCTb
1 nSpSSR TSMS PSCCMSrp"'SSST SCS CYILISCTSSHHOS, CSR3SHHOS C roCYAapCTSOM. BH"'MaH"'S
YAenRSTCR CyIL(HOCT'" rocy,aapCTsa, sro rp8JK,AaHaM '" APyr"'M )I("'TSnRM, a ralOKs 3aKOHaM,
psryn"'PYIOILI"'M ASRTenbHOCTb '" nOSB,tlSH"'S HacsnSH"'R HS TSPP"'TOP"'''' rocy,aapCTBB.

M3}"1SH"'1O TSMbI cnB,tlOsano 6b1 SblAsnHTb Asa ypOKS. nspsblliI "'3 H"'X MO)l(HO nOCSRT"'Tb
PSCCMOTPSH"'IO OCHOSHbiX np"'3HaKOS rOCYAspCTsa - TSPP"'TOP"'''', HscenSH"'R, enSCT"',
CYSSPSH"'TSTS; STopolil )l(S npB,tlYCMOTpeTb AnR 60nss nOAP06HOrO PSCKPblT"'R sonpocos
rpS)I(,D,aHCTSa '" 3HSKOMCTsa C KOHCT"'TYLI",sliI. Y'4alLl"'MCR Hs06xOA"'MO nonb30SSTbCR
AonOnH"'TBnbHblM MSTep",anOM 0 CTSHoenSH"'''' '" pa3s"'T"'''' roCYAapcTSSHHOCT'" aCTOH"'''',
3HSKOMbiM no KYPCY "'CTOp",,,,.

36
TP~Tb WECToA YPOK.
OcttOBHbIe npM3H81CM rocyABpcTB8 (1.1, 1.2, 1.4)

B HS'4anS nepsolil '4SCT'" }"IS6H"'Ka aSTopbI nOA'4epK"'SSIOT, '4TO CYILISCTSYST MHO)l(SCTSO

OTSSTOS HS sonpoc "'-ITo TSKOS rocYAapcTso?" Y'4s6H"'K He npe,o.narSST rOTOSbiS OTseTbi Ha
3TOT sonpoc, a CTspaSTCR paCKpblTb CYILIHOCTb rOCYAapCTsa. C TO'4K'" 3PSH"'R
06IL1SCTSOSSASH"'R 3TO np06nSMa orpoMHoro 3Ha'4SH"'R, nOCKonbKY caMOCTORTsnbHOS
3CTOHCKOS rOCYAspCTSO scs elLIs S HOS"'HKY HblHSWH"'M nOKonsH"'RM. Y 60nbW"'HCTsa "'3 Hac
nOKS HS sblpa60TanSCb CSOIilCTSSHHaR rOCYAapCTseHHoliI HS3aS"'C"'MOCT'" C03HaTsnbHOCTb,
MHorns sILlS HS np",o6psn", HaSbiKOS )I("'3H'" S HS3aS"'C"'MOM roCYAapCTse.

nopolil MO)l(HO SCrpSTHTb H",rnn"'CT"''4eCKOS OTHOWSH"'S K csoeMY rOCYAspCTSY. O'4eSH,ttHO,

3TO Sbl3SSHO TSM, '4TO '4aCTO nlOA'" elLIs He OC03HSIOT Toro, '4TO )I("'3Hb scsrAa orpaHWISHa
OnpB,tlBnSHHblM'" PSMKSM'" '" '4TO HSWS 6narococTORH",e, yanos"'R Hawelil )I(",3H'" S LlBnOM
3SS"'CRT OT Hac, OT Hawslil son",.

"ITO TaKOB rOCYJ\llpCTBO? HB06xOAHMO 11101 Bo06~B 3TO 3HaTb? BPBMSI OT BpBMBHH lKH3Hb
CTaBHT nBpBA HaMH nOA06HbiB BonpOCbl. IiIHOrAB 3TO npOHCXOAHT B HB611aronpHSlTHoiii
CHTYa~H, nopoiii 3TH BonpOCbI Bbl3BaHbI npHSlTHblMH 06CTOSlTBl1bCTBaMH. B nOBCBAHBBHOiii
lKH3HH Mbl, KaK npaBHI10, HB 38AYMbiBaBMcSI 06 3TOM, HO rOCYABPCTBa C YCTaHoBHBwHMHCSI
TP8A"'~SlMH (HanpHMBp,CWA) CTPBMSlTCSI pa3bSlCHHTb 3TH BonpOCbI CBOHM rp8)l(,D,aHaM YlKB B
paHHBM B03paCTB.

B AeMOKpaTWIBCKOM 06~BCTBe npBAHa3Ha'lBHHB rOCYABPCTBa CBOAHTCSI K CI1YlKBHHIO 611ary

HapOAB, a CHl1a rOCYABPCTBa 3aBHCHT OT Ayxa HapOAB. aTO HarllSlAHbliii npHMBp TBCHoro
COTpYAHH'IeCTBa. IiIMeHHO n03TOMY rOCYAapCTBO npHl1araBT YCHI1HSI AIlSl <jlopMHpoBaHHSI Y
rp8)l(,D,aH (101 Y Herp8)l(,D,aH TOlKe) COOTBBTCTByro~Bro nOHHMaHHSI 101 HB06XOA"'MbiX HaBbIKOB.

52
 IIIcTopHSI 3CTOHCKOH Pecny611HKH HaC'IHTbIBaeT nO'lTH 80 lleT, HO 3TO He COBceM 06b1'1HaSi
HCTOpHSI. nepepblB B ocy~ecTBlleHHH rOCYAapCTBeHHOH He3aBHCHMOCTH 06YCll0BHll
oClla611eHHe naMSIrn 06 3CTOHCKOH rocYAllPCTBeHHocrn. HacelleHHe 3CTOHHH AOI1JKHO Y'lHTbCSI
MHorOMY H3 Toro, 'ITO lKHTellH rOCYAllPCTB C CHllbHblMH TPaAHLII'ISlMH Bnl1TblBalOT YlKe C
MOll0KOM MaTepH.

TeM He MeHee 3a KOPOTKHH nepHOA Hawe OTHOWeHHe K rOCYAllPCTBY 3Ha'lHTellbHO

H3MeHHIlOCb. ECllH B COBeTCKI1H nepHOA rocYAllPCTBO npeACTaB11MO C060H He'lTO, '1ero I1IOAH
n06aHBaIlHCb B 6011bweH HllH MeHbweH CTeneHH, TO Tenepb yrlly611S1eTcSI nOHHMaHHe, 'ITO
rOCYAllPCTBO cy~eCTByeT AIlSi '1ell0BeKa. IIIMeHHo rocYAapcTBo C03AlleT He06xoAHMbie AIlSi
HaweH lKH3HH YCll0BHSI H rapaHTHPyeT Hawy 6e30nacHocTb •.

HeecTecTBeHHble OTHoweHHSI C rocYAllPCTBOM nopoAHIlH B npOWll0M H 110lKHoe nOHHMaHHe

rocYAapcTBa. ClleAYIO~HH YPOK nocBSI~eH pacKpblTHIO CY~HOCTH rocYAllPCTBa, Bonpoca 0
B3aHMOOTHoweHHSlX HHAHBHAa C rocYAllPCTBOM. Bbi YCBOHllH Y'le6HblH MaTepHaIl, eC11H B
KOH~e ypoKa 3HaeTe OCHOBHble npH3HaKH rocYAllPCTBa - CYMeeTe 06bSlCHHTb COAepJKaHHe
TaKHX nOHSIrnH KaK TeppMTopMlI, H8ceneHMe, rp8lKA8He, cyaepeHH811 rocYA8pCTBeHH811
an8CTb, KonoHMII, npOTeKTOp8T, YHMT8pHOe rocYABPCTBO,clleAep8",,1I.

BonpOCbl no TeKCTY
° Ha30BHTe TpH OCHOBHblX npH3HaKa rocYAllPcTBa.
->•
° KaKoH AoroBop H AOKYMeHT onpeAellS1IOT rocYAllPCTBeHHYIO rpaHH~Y 3CTOHHI1?

° KTO COCTaBllSieT HacelleHHe rocYAllPCTBa?

° KaK MOlKHO CTaTb rpalKAllHHHOM roCYAllPCTBa?

BonpOCbl AIIR 06cy-.qeHMR

° Morna 6bl 3cToHcKaSi Pecny611HKa OTKa3aTbCSI OT rocYAapcTBeHHoH rpaHH~bI,
3a<j>HKcHpOBaHHoH TaPTYcKHM MHpHblM AorOBopOM?

° YeM OT11H'IaeTCSI KOll0HHSI OT npOTeKTOpaTa?

°B COCTOSlHHH llH Bce KOll0HHH H npOTeKTOpaTbl YCTaHOBHTb rOCYAapCTBeHHYIO

He3aBHCHMOCTb?

311AaHMR
° HaHAHTe Ha nOllHTH'IeCKOH KapTe MHpa cy~eCTBYIO~He B HaCTOSl~ee BpeMSI KOll0HHH H
npOTeKTOpaTbl.

olllHorAa rOBOpSlT,'1TO B COBeTCKHH nepHOA 3CTOHHSI 6bllla KOll0HHeH POCCHH. npHBeAHTe

apryMeHTbl "3a" H "npOTHB" 3Toro YTBeplKAeHHSI.

53
 TPMA~Tb CEAbMOA YPOK.
37 rp8lKA8H8 3CTOHMM M MHOCTpaHI4b1 (1.3)

YpOK P8CKpblB8eT COp,ep)l(8HHe nOnO)l(eHHH KOHCTHTYI.(HH 3CTOHCKOi/ Pecny6nHKH,

nOCBflU~eHHblX H8ceneHHIO rocyp,apCTB8 - KBK ero rp8JKlJ,aH, T8K H Herp8JKlJ,aH. tJ.nR K8JKIJ,OrO
Monop,oro 'IenOBeK8 STOT M8TepHBn HMeeT orpOMHoe 3H8'1eHHe, nOMoraeT nOnY'lHTb TO'lHOe
npep,crasneHHe 0 craryce H B03MO)l(HOCTRX )l(H3HH B 3CTOHHH. TeOpeTH'IeCKHH MaTepHBn
cnep,yeT p,ononHHTb KOHKf)eTHblMH npHMep8MH H3 )l(H3HH - onHp8RCb Ha M8TepHBnbl npeccbI
HnH H8 nH'IHblH onbiT Y'l8U4HXCR. H8npHMep,paCKf)blB8R COp,ep)l(aHHe CTaTbH 43 KOHCTHTYI.(HH,
l.(eneC006p83HO p8CCKa38Tb 0 TOM, 'ITO 03H8'18eT Tai/Ha coo6U4eHHH B nOBcep,HeBHOH )l(H3HH H
K8KHe HCKJllO'IeHHR p,onYCTHMbI B STOM Bonpoce.

Bonpoc rpaJK,!IaHCTBa - OAHH H3 HaH60nee ano6oAHeBHblx B 3CTOHCKOH Pecny6nHKe,

KOTOPOMY, O'leBHAHO, TpYAHee Bcero HaHTH peweHHe, YAoBneTBOpRIOl1\ee 6onbwHHcTBO
HaC8J1eHHR. npHMepHo OAHa TpeTb HaceneHHR 3cTOHHH He HMeeT rpaJK,!laHCTBa Boo6l1\e,nH60
RBnReTCR rpaJK,!laHaMH APyrHx roCYABPCTB. nOAo6Hoe nonOlKeHHe nOpOlKAaeT HanpRlKeHHOCTb
B OTHoweHHRX 3CTOHHH C HeKOTopblMH COCeAHHMH CTpaHaMH, a TaKlKe C MelKAYHapOAHblMH
opraHHaa~HRMH. YpOK nOCBRl1\eH HMeHHO KOHKpeTHblM cnOlKHblM npo6neMaM B 3TOiii 06naCTH.

~ BonpocbI no T8KCTY

• ,'-ITO 3Ha'lHT, 'ITO rpalKAaHCTBO

npeeMCTBeHHOCTH?
3CTOHHH HCXOAHT H3 npHH~Hna IOpHAH'leCKOH

'KaKHM MOlKeT 6blTb CTaTYC lKHTenR 3CTOHHH, KOTOPblH He RBnReTCR rpaJK,!laHHHOM

3CTOHHH?

'KaKHM ycnOBHRM AonlKeH COOTBeTCTBOBaTb CTaTYC 'lenOBeKa, XOAaTaHCTBYIOl1\erO 0

nonY'leHHH rp8JKA8HCTBa 3CTOHCKOH Pecny6nHKH?

BonpOCbl AIIR 06CYlKA8HMR

,n04eMY 3CTOHCKaR Pecny6nHKa He aaHHTepeCOBaHa B TOM, 'lTo6bl ee rpaJK,!laHe HMenH

ABOiiiHOe rpaJK,!laHCTBO?

, KaKoe 3Ha4eHHe HMelOT AnR 3CTOHCKoro HapOAa KOHCTHTY~HOHHble npaBa

Ha~OHanbHoro xapaKTepa?

'06bRCHHTe, KaK Bbl nOHHMaeTe YTBeplKAeHHe, 'ITO 683 06R3aHHOCTeiii y 'lenOBeKa He

MOlK8T 6blTb HH npaB, HH CBo6oA.

3a,qaHM8

• npO'lHTaHTe CTaTbH KOHCTHTY~HH 3CTOHCKOiii Pecny6nHKH, <!>HKCHpYIOl1\He npaBa,

06R3aHHOCTH H CBo6oAbi lKHTeneH 3CTOHHH H cpaBHHTe npaBOBoiii CTaTYC rp8JKA8H
3CTOHHH CO CTaTYCOM Herp8JKA8H.

54
 C 3TOU TeMOU Mbi npHCTynHM K P8CCMOrpeHHIO Op,HOrO H3 OCHOBOnOn8ralOUjHX B lC'fPCe
06~eCTBOBep,eHHR KPyr8 BOnpOCOB. YCTORBW8RCR p,eMOKp8THR npe,anOn8raeT HBnlf'lHe
HCTOpH'IeCKHX Tpap,HLjHU, CerOp,HR B 3CTOHCKOM 06~eCTBe T8KHX rpap,HL(HU He c~ecTByeT,
BepHee - HX npeeMCTBeHHOCTb 6b1J18 npepB8H8. npep,CTaBHTenH Tex nOKoneHHU, KOTopble
BbipocnH B ycnOBHRX p,eMOKp8TH'IeCKOU 3CTOHHH .0.0 BTOPOU MHPOBOU BOUHbI, cero.o,HR He
38HHM81OT p,OMHHHpylO~ee nOnO)KeHHe B 06~eCTBe. Monop,OMY nOKoneHHIO, KOTopoe
onpep,enReT cerop,HRWHHU p,eHb H 6yp,y~ee H8wero roCyp,8pCTB8, npep,CTOHT Y'lHTbCR
p,eMOKp8THH K8K HOBOMY 06~eCTBeHHOMY C/>eHOMeHY.

'ITO T8Koe p,eMOKp8THR? K8K onpep,enRIOTCR rp8HHLjbl p,eMOKp8THH? Cy~ecTByeT nH py6e)K,

npH nepeCe'leHHH KOTOPOro p,eMOKp8THR npeBp8~8eTCR B CBOIO npOTHBOnOnO)KHOCTb? B '1eM
38KJ1IO'I8eTCR CHn8 H cn860CTb p,eMOKp8THH? K8KHe Orp8HH'IeHHR YCT8H8BnHB8eT p,eMOKp8THR
,D./IR 06~eCTB8 B LjenOM - H ,D./IR OTp,enbHoro '1enOBeK8? 3H8KOMCTBO C p,eMOKp8THeu CT8BHT
MHOlKeCTBO nop,06HblX BonpOCOB. Y'IHTblB8R 8KTYBnbHOCTb TeMbi ,D./IR 3CTOHCKoro 06~eCTB8,
MOlKHO nHWb npHBeTCTBOB8Tb nop,xop" KOTOPblU H36pBnH 8BTOPbl Y'le6HHK8 - 3H8KOMHTbCR C
p,eMOKP8THeu H8'1HH8R C ee HCTOKOB.
Y'I8~HeCR n03H8KOMHnHCb C C/>OPMHpOB8HHeM p,eMOKp8THH B ,llpeBHeu rpeLjHH HeCKonbKO
neT H83ap, H8 YPOKax HCTOpHH. OTnHB8M H npHnHB8M B P83BHTHH p,eMOKP8THH yp,enRnoCb
BHHM8HHe B P8MKax KYPC8 HCTOPHH H n03lKe. Ho 3TH np06neMbi He P8CCM8TPHBBnHCb
CHCTeM8TH'IeCKH H C TO'lKH 3peHHR 06~eCTBOBep,eHHR. n03TOMY He06xop,HM 3KCKypC B
HCTOpHIO. Y'Ie6HHK P8CCM8TpHB8eT P83BHTHe p,eMOKp8THH BnnOTb .0.0 H8WHX p,Heu H
p8CKPblB8eT cy~ecTBeHHble H npHHLjHnHBnbHble np06neMbI, CBR38HHble C 3THM npOLjeCCOM.

Y'IHTenb MOlKeT P8CCMOTpeTb TeMY B Te'leHHe rpex ypOKOB. nepsblu H3 HIfX cnep,OBBnO 6b1
nOCBRTHTb HCTOPHH p,eMOKP8THH, BTOpOU X8p8KTepHblM '1epT8M p,eMOKP8THH B COBpeMeHHblX
06~ecTBax 38nap,8,8 TpeTHU - np06neM8M,CBR38HHblM C p,eMOKpaTHeU. BBHp,y OTMe'leHHoro
Bblwe HCKJlIO'IHTenbHoro 3H8'1eHHR TeMbi p,eMOKp8THH, ee H3Y'1eHHe LjeneC006p83HO
38sepWHTb HTorOBbiM YPOKOM.

TPMlAII../lATb IBOCbMOPi1llfPOC<. 38
OT 8HTVi-.HOM AeMoC(p8TIYiVi C( AeMoC(p8TViVi COlBpeMeHHOM (2.11, 2.2, 2.3)

TeKCT 06 8HTH'IHOU p,eMOKp8THH H8CbI~eH nOHRTHRMH, HMeH8MH HCTOpH'IeCKHX p,eRTeneu H

p,8T8MH HCTOpH'IeCKHX C06b1THU. fiBnRRCb '18CTblO 06~ero 06P830B8HHR,OHH TeM He MeHee He
HMelOT onpep,enRIO~ero 3H8'1eHHR C TO'IKH 3peHHR P8CKPblTHR Cy~HOCTH p,eMOKp8THH.
Y'lHTenb Mor 6b1 Y'lHTblB8Tb 3TO, H8np8BnRR BHHM8HHe Y'l8~HXCR B nepBYIO O'lepep,b H8
n03H8HHe Cy~HOCTH p,eMOKp8TH'IeCKoro 06~eCTBeHHoro.. YCTPOUCTB8, '1eMY cnoc06CTBYlOT
BonpOCbI no TeKcry.

Y'IHTenlO cnep,yeT T8/OKe HMeTb B BHp,y, 'ITO nOHHM8HHIO TeKCTa cnoc06cTByeT P8CKPblTHe
cop,eplK8HHR Bcex BCTpe'l81O~HXCR nOHRTHU - B TOM '1HCne Tex, KOTopble P8CCM8rpHB8IOTCR
60nee nop,p06Ho n03lKe, npH H3Y'1eHHH p,pyrHx TeM.

CnoBo "AeMoKp8TI1S1" 3BY'lI1T B H8WI1X p83roBopax O'l8Hb 'l8CTO. 111M nonb3YIOTCSI npl1
nonblTK8X P83bSlCHI1Tb npOTeK81O~l1e B 06~eCTBB npOlleCCbl 11 A8Tb X8p8KTepl1CTI1KY
AOCTl1rHyrol1 CTBAI1I1 P83BI1TI1S1. HepeAKO OHO npl1MeHSleTCSI nOnl1TI1K8MI1 11 AnSI TOro, 'lTo6b1
nOK838Tb ce6S1 C nY'lWel1,8 CBOI1X nOnI1TI1'leCKI1X KOHKYpeHTOB - C XYAwel1 CTOpOHbl. n03TOMY
nopol1 B03HI1K81OT COMHeHI1S1 B TOM, I1MelOT nil OP8TOPbl SlCHoe npeACT8BneHI1e, 0 'leM OHI1
rOBopSlT.

HI1KTO He CT8BI1T nOA COMHeHl1e lKI13HeHHYlO Heo6xOAI1MOCTb AeMoKp8TI111 AnSI

cOBpeMeHHOI1 OCTOHI1I1. OCHOBHOI1 HeAocT8TOK cOBeTCKOI1 Bn8CTI1 COCTOSln I1MeHHO B
OTCyrCTBl111 AeMoKp8TI1I1. Y'l8~l1eCSI 3H8KOMSlTCSI H8 YPoKe C I1CTOpl1el1 CT8HOBneHI1S1 11
p83BI1TI1S1 AeMoKp8TI111 - 6e3 3TOro 3H8HI1S1 HeB03MOlKHO AOCT8TO'lHO rny6oKo nOHSlTb
Cy~HOCTb AeMOKp8TI1'leCKOrO 06~eCTBa.

55
 B~ YCBOHnH OCHOBHOe H3 ~e6HOrO MaTepHana, ecnH CYMeeTe paCKp~Tb COAep~HHe
nOHRTH£I npIIM811 AeMOlqJ8TMII, npeACT88MTenbH811 AeMOKp8TMII H A9MOlqJ8TMII Y'l8CTMII
MJlM M8CCOB811 A9MOIqJ8TMII. YpOK 3HaKOMHT ~aI.lijllXCR TalOKe C nOHRTHRMH H8POA H
rp8lKA8HCK09 06~eCTBO (nOCneAHee npeACTaBnReT co6o£l ~eHTpanbHbl£l BOnpOC
CileAYKlUlerO ypOKa).

->• BonpocbI no TeKCTY

• 'lTO npeACTaBmlna co6o£l AeMOKpaTHR B aHTH'lHO£l rpe~HH?

• KaKo£l nonHTHK 06eCne'lHn HaH6onbWH£I paCl..!BeT AeMOKpaTHH B Aq,HHax?

• KaKHe 06CTORTenbCTBa cnoco6CTBOBanH nOCTeneHHOMY B03BpaUleHHIO K npHH~naM

AeMOKpaTHH B XVIII BeKe?

• PacKpo£lTe COAeplKaHHe nOHRTH£I "npRMaR AeMOKpaTHR" H "npeACTaBHTenbHaR

AeMOKpaTHR".

• nepe'lHCnHTe OCHOBH~e xapaKTepHble 'lepTbl COBpeMeHHo£l AeMOKpaTHH.

• 'lTO TaKoe rpalKAaHCKOe 06U1eCTBO?

BonpOCbl AIlR 06CYlKAeHMR

• KaKHe TPYAHOCTH npHwnOCb npeOAoneTb Aq,HHaM Ha nyYH K yYBeplKAeHHIO AeMOKpaTHH?

• KaKHe 06CTORTenbCTBa npHBenH K ynaAKY AeMOKpaTHH B ,lI,peBHeM PHMe?

• OCYUleCTBnReTCR nH cerOAHR B SCTOHHH npHH~Hn npRMo£l HnH npeACTaBHTenbHOCI

AeMOKpaTHH?

• 'lTO Bbl nOHHMaeTe nOA yYBeplKAeHHeM "HapOA C03pen AnR AeMOKpaTHH"?

38A8HMR
• COCTaBbTe KpaTKoe nHCbMeHHoe cpaBHeHHe AeMOKpaTHH B ,lI,peBHeCi rpe~HH H B ,lI,peB-
HeM PHMe.

• nOpaCCY)I(Aa£lTe Ha TeMY "C03pen nH R AnR AeMOKpaTH'leCKOrO o6U1eCTBeHHoro

YCTpo£lcTBa?"

56
TPMA~Tb AEBSITbiA YPOK.
rp8llCA8HCKOe 061L\eCTBO M TOT8nMT8pHOe 06IL\eCTBO. 38MHTepeCO- 39
B8HHwe rpynnw (2.4, 2.5, 2.6)

YpoK paCKPblsaeT CyuQtOCTb rpaJl(,QBHCKOro 06~ecTBB. 3cToHUlI B3R118 KYPC H8 nOCTpoeHH8

TaKOro o6~ecTBB H Y'lHTemo cne,qOB8JlO 6b1 H8npaSHTb Y'l8UlHXCR K 8Ha11H3Y AOCT/IIrnyroro HBMH
H8 3TOM n)'TH. npH nOAf'OTOSKe YPOKa He06xOAHMO H8arn 8KT)'811bHble npHMepbI AIlR /If/l/lIOCTpaLQlfH
H KOHKPeTH381..(HH TeOpeTH'leCKOro M8TepHan8. BHHM8HHe YAenReTCR Ta/OKe 38KOHY 0
ro3YABpcTBeHHOa cnyJ«6e. ~enecoo6pa3HO n03H8KOMHTb Y'l8UlHXCR C CQAep)K8HHeM 3TOro
AOK}'MeHTa 60nee nOAP06Ho.

H8 YPOKe paCCMaTplilBaeTCSI TeMa, KOTopaSl HenocpeACTBeHHO CBSl3aHa C Haweii

nOBceAHeBHoii lKIII3HblO, C TeKY~eii nOlll11TIIIKOii 3CTOHIIIIII. Ii1AeT npOllecc CTaHOBlleHIIISI
rpBlKAaHCKOro 06~ecTBa. nOCTpoeHHoe COBeTCKoii BllaCTblO TOTBIlIiiTapHoe 06~ecTBo
OTHOCIiiTCR K HeABBHeMY npOWll0MY - n03TOMY I1I11'lHble BocnOMIliHaHIiiSI Y'la~IIIXCR MOryT
OKa3aTbCR AOCTaTO'lHbIM OCHOBaHlileM AIlR Toro, 'lT06bl CYAIIITb 0 npelllMy~ecTBax
06~ecTBeHHoro YCTpoiicTBa cerOAHRWHeii 3CTOHIIIIII. HecMoTpR Ha TO, 'ITO AOCTlllrHYTO
HeMBIlO, npeACTOIliT peWIIITb e~e MHoro Cll0lKHbiX 38AB'l.

'-ITO npeACTaBllReT c060ii IIICTIIIHHO AeMOKpaTIII'lecKoe 06~eCTBo,B KOTOPOM HaPQAY 06eCne'leHbI

WlilpoKlile B03MOlKHOCTlil AIlSl caMoBbipalKeHIIIR III AeSITellbHOCTIII? OTBeTbi Ha 3T111 BonpoCbl 6YAYT
n011Y'!eHbl Ha ypOKe. '-I pe3Bbl'laiiHO BalKHO nOHRTb, 'ITO rpalKABHCKoe 06~eCTBO xapaKTeplll3yeTCR
n
onpeAelleHHblMIil 'lepTaMIil III YCTaHOBlleHHblMIil "npaBlllllaMIil IIIrpbl • OC03HaHlile 3Toro III
nOBeAeHllle, OCHOBaHHoe Ha 3T111X nplIIHlIllinax, cnOC06CTByeT nOCTpoeH1ll1O AeiicTBIiiTellbHO
AeMOKpaTIII'leCKOrO 06~ecTBa. MaTeplIIBll ypOKa ABeT Y'l~IIIMCR np8ACTaBlleHllle 0 TOM, 'leM
OTlll11'laeTCR rpBlKAaHCKOe o611l.ecTBo OT TOTanMTapHoro o611l.ecTBa, 'ITO TaKoe
38MHTepecOBaHHaA rpynna III no66M3M, KTO 3T111M 3aHIilMaeTCR III KaK 3TO AellaeTCR.

~
Bonpocw no TeKCTY
·B KaKlile opraHIII3allllllll 06beAIIIHRIOTCR I1IOAIII B rp8lKABHCKOM 06~ecTBe?
•
• '-ITO TaKoe TOTBIlIiiTapHoe 06~eCTBO?
• KaKoe B03AeiicTBlile MOlKeT OKa3aTb OTAellbHblii 'lell0BeK Ha rOCYABPCTBeHHYIO BllaCTb B
YCll0BIIIRX rpBlKAaHCKoro 06~eCTBa?

• KaK MOlKHO 06eCne'lIllTb pacnpOCTpaHeHllle pa311I11'lHbIX MHeHlllii B 06~eCTBe III

rapaHTlilpOBaTb 6ecnpIIICTpaCTHoe OTHoweHllle roCYAapCTBeHHoii BIlaCTIII?

BonpOCbl AIIR 06CYlKAeHMR

•B 'leM npORBllReTCSI COOTBeTCTBlile rp8lKABHCKOrO 06~eCTBa IIIHTepecaM HapOAB?
• '-IblilM IIIHTepecaM CllYlKIiiT TOTBIlIiiTapHoe 06~eCTBO?
• KaKoe 06~eCTBO - rp8lKABHCKOe 11111111 TOTBIlIiiTapHoe - RBllReTCR 6011ee lKlII3Hecno-
C06HbIM? nO'IeMY?

• 3a'leM HYlKeH B rOCYABPCTBe 3aKOH 0 ro3YABPCTBeHHOii cllYlK6e?

38A8HMR
• AaiiTe OlleHKY ypOBHIO pa3BIIITIIIR rpa)I(AaHCKOrO 06~eCTBa B 3CTOHIIIIII. "'ITO
CBl/IAeTellbcTByeT 0 npOABlIIlKeHlII1II no nYTIII K rp8lKABHCKOMY 06~eCTBY? Ha30BIIITe
Halll6011ee SlBHble OTKIlOHeHIIIR OT 3TOii lIelll11.

• nOpaCCYlKAaiiTe 0 TOM, KaK ClleAOBBIlO 6bl npOBeCTlllll066111CTCKYIO pa60ry B WKOlle,

'lT06bl A06111TbCR lIelll11, cooTBeTcTBYIO~eii IIIHTepecaM Bawero KIlacca.

57
40 COPOKOBOA YPOK.
nOnMTM'IeCK8R KYnbTYP8. nlKeTp8KTOBKM AeMoKP8TMM (2.7, 2.8, 2.9)

MBrep/lfBn 3Toro YPOKB, KBK /If npe,llbl,lWUlerO 3BHRT/lfR, RBnReTCR BKTYBnbHblM ,ll/IR 3CTOH/If/lf /If
38TPBr/lfBBeT HBWY nOBC~HeBHYIO )/(/lf3Hb. n03TOMY Heo6xo,ll/lfMO HBHT/If 3fl060,llHeBHblH
/IfJIl1lOCTPBT/lfBHblH MBTep/lfBn /If npOBHBn/lf3/1fpOBBTb ero B K/1BCce.

lllOAI1 '1aCTO rOBOpSIT 0 TOM, 'ITO nOl1l1THKI1 HaCTpoeHbI '1pe3BbI'IaHHO BPBlKAe6HO APyr K
APyry. ECTeCTBeHHO,'1TO 3TO He OTBe'laeT I1HTepeCaM pa3BI1TI1R rOCYABPCTBa 11 HapOAB B
lIel10M,CKOpee Hao6opOT. HepeAKo MOlKHO YCIlbiwaTb MHeHl1e,'1TO I1IOAI1 nepeCT8I111 AOBepRTb
nOl1l1TI1KaM, nOCKOl1bKY Te He BblnOI1HRIOT CBOI1X 06e~HI1H. nOpOH BblCKa3blBaeTCR OnaCeHl1e,
'ITO rOCYABPCTBeHHble AeRTel111 He cnpaBRTCR C B03110lKeHHblMI1 Ha HI1X 06R3aHHOCTRMI1.

TaKoe COCTORHl1e xapaKTepHO AIlR o6~ecTBa, KOTopoe I1I1Wb 3aKllBAbiBaeT OCHOBbl

AeMOKpaTI1'1eCKOrO o6~ecTBeHHoro YCTpoHcTBa. ECTeCTBeHHO, 'ITO 3TOT nyrb Heo6xOAI1MO
npoiilTH KBlKAOMY rOCYABPCTBY 11 'ITO Ha 3TOM nyrl1 Hel136elKHbi OWI16KI1, KOTopble Heo6xOAI1MO
I1CnpSBI1RTb. Ycnex 11 TeMnbl 3Toro npOllecca 3aBI1CRT OT TOro, HaCKOl1bKO 6blCTPO I1AeT
CTaHOBlleHl1e nOI1I1TI1'1eCKOH KYl1bTypbl 06~eCTBa, YCBal1BalOT 1111 I1IOAI1 npl1c~l1e AeMOKpaTl111
npl1HL.ll1nbl nOBeAeHI1R B 06~eCTBe. CeroAHRWHI1M a611Typl1eHTaM npeACTOI1T CTOI1KHyrbCR C
3THMI1 npo611eMaMI1 B 61111lKaHweM 6YAy~eM. 111M nOMOlKeT B nOA06HOH CI1Tyal.ll111 YCBoeHHoe
B WKOl1e npeACTaBl1eHl1e 0 nOnMTM'IeCKOA KYnbrype, 0 npaBI1I18X nOBeAeHI1R, KOTOPblX
npl1AeplKl1BalOTCR B nOI1I1TI1'1eCKOH lKI13HI1 AeMOKpaTI1'1eCKOrO 06~eCTBa. Ha YPOKe
HSO(\XOAI1MO YAel1l1Tb BHI1MaHl1e 11 B03MOlKHbiM I1lKeTpaKTOBKaM AeMOKpaTI1I1.

~
• BonpOCbl no TeKCTY
• 'leM rp0311T 06~eCTBY cy~ecTBOBaHl1e Henpl1Ml1pl1MOrO aHTarOHI13Ma B OTHOWeHI1RX
onpeAel1eHHblX nOI1I1TI1'1eCKI1X CI1I1? npl1BeAI1Te HeCKOl1bKO npl1MepOB.

•C nOMO~blO KaKoro AOKYMeHTa 3a~l1~aeT AeMOKpaTI1'1eCKOe rOCYAapCTBO CBoe

nOI1I1TI1'1eCKOe YCTPOHCTBO?

• 'lTO TaKoe Onn03111111R?

BonpocbI AnR 06cYlKAeHMR

• 'lTO nOHI1MaeTCR nOA nOI1I1TI1'1eCKOlii KYl1bTypolii?

• npORBI1ReTCR 1111 B 3CTOHI111 Henpl1Ml1pl1MOe nOI1I1TI1'1eCKOe npOTI1BOCTORHl1e?

• KaK Bbl C'II1TaeTe, eCTb 1111 B 3CTOHCKOH nOl1l1TI1Ke e~e MeCTO AIlR C03AaHI1R HOBblX
napTI1H?

3QA8HMR

• OnI1W11TB B38HMOOTHOWeHHR npa8R~H KOaI1HI.II1I1 11 ClI1JlO3I1I.II1I1 B napnaMetfTe 3cToH1111.

• COCTaBbTe 0630P n0l10lKeHI1H KOHCTI1TyI.ll1I1 3CTOHCKOH Pecny61111KI1, onpeAel1RIO~I1X

yCIlOBI1R npOBeAeHI1R pe<!>epeHAYMOBI1 <!>I1KCI1PYIO~I1X Kpyr BonpOCOB, no KOTOPblM
MOlKHO npOBeCTI1 BceHapOAHoe r0I10COBaHl1e.

58
COPOK nEPBblA M COPOK BTOpoA YPOKM.
MTOrOBbie 38HRTMR.
41

42
B PSMKax PSCCMOrpeHHOH TeMbi Y'lSUjHeCR U3Y'1H11U PRIt HOBbiX nOHRTUH, PBClqJblBBIOUjUX
CYUjHOCTb MHOruX RBneHUH,xSpaKTepHblX IJ,IIR p,eMOKpaTU'IeCKOrO 06UjeCTBB. UCKllIO'IHTeJlbHBR
3HS'IUMOCTb TeMbi Tpe6yeT npOBep,eHUR HTOrOBOrO 3BHRTUR. UTOrU MO)l(HO nop,Becru B
PS3JlU'IHOH C/>OpMe. npOCTeHWeH U3 HUX npep,CTSBnReTCR KOHTponbHSSI ps60TB, /4eJ1blO
KOTOPOH MO)l(eT 6b1Tb npOBepKS 3HSHUH - YCBOeHO nu COp,ep)I(SHUe HOBbiX nOHRTUH? Ho TeMS
npelJ,llSrSeT U B03MO)l(HOCTU IJ,IIR CpSBHeHUR OC06eHHOCTeH SHTU'IHOH U COBpeMeHHOH
p,eMOlqJsruu, npRMOH U npep,CTSBUTeJlbHOH p,eMOKpSTUU, rpBJK,O.SHCKOrO U TOTBnUTBpHOrO
06UjeCTBS.

,llnR 3SKpenneHUR 3HSHUH MO)l(HO npUMeHUTb U p,pyrue C/>OPMbI. Ecnu Y'lSUjUeCR npORBnRIOT
p,OCTSTO'lHble 3HSHUR U SKTUBHOCTb, B KIIscce MO)l(HO npOBeCTU BHBntfTtf"eCKtfe
06CYJlCAeHtfR. HSnpUMep, MO)l(HO npep,npUHRTb nOnblTKY CPSBHUTb C TO'lKU 3peHUR
COOTBeTCTBUR npUH/4UnSM rpBJK,O.SHCKOrO 06UjeCTBB 3CTOHC/cy1O Pecny6nu/cy .0.0 BTOPOH
MUPOBOH BOHHbI U cerop,HR. Y'ISUjUMCR MO)l(HO p,BTb 3a,o.BHUe HBnUCBTb KOpOTKOe 3CCe 0
CerOp,HRWHeH 06UjeCTBeHHOH curya/4UU, nOnb3YRCb npu 3TOM nOHRTURMH, YCBOeHHblMU 3B
nOCnep,HUe TPU YPOKS. Y'IUTeJlb MO)l(eT Bbl6pSTb U CBOi! BSPUBHT npOBep,eHUR HTOrOBOrO
3SHRTUR.

Cerop,HR pS3ps60TSHbi PS3JlU'IHble CtfMynSl/4tfOHHble tfrpbl, B xop,e KOTOPblX Y'lSUjUeCR

UMelOT B03MO)l(HOCTb npSKTU'IeCKU UCnblTSTb BCe, 'ITO CBR3SHO C p,eMOKpSTH'IeCKUM
npO~eCCOM npHHRTHR peweHui!. fiblno 6b1 O'leHb XOpOWO, ecnu Y'lHTenb OCBOHn MeTOp,H/cy
npOBep,eHHR TSKOi! HrpbI H (npH HBnU'IHU BpeMeHH) npOBen 6b1 TS/cy1O Hrpy B KIIscce. (CJ7ep,yeT
OTMeTHTb, 'ITO 3C/>C/>eKTHBHOCTb nOp,06HOH MeTOp,HKH 3HS'IHTenbHO B03pSCTeT, ecnH Y'lSCTHHKU
CMOryT nOTOM 06MeHRTbCR CBOHMH Bne'lSmeHHRMU H C006p8)I(eHHRMH.)

.-"

59
 rOCYAAPCTBEHHblA CTPoA M cJ)OPMbl nPABnEHMS1
3 TP8TbSl T8M8 nOrW.j8CKH 8b1T8K8eT H3 A8YX npe.cIblAYU4HX. 3.aecb paCCMaTpHBaeTCSI
ABMOtcp8TH'18CK08 rocYA8pCT80 (B Cp88HeHHH C He.cIeMOKp8TH'leCKHM rocYAapcTBoM),
}"I8U4H8CS1 3H8KOMSlTCSI C pa3BHTHeM roCYA8pcTBeHHoro yCTpO~CTBa H CPOPM npaaneHHSI BxoAe
HCroPHH - OT APeBHHX Bp8MeH .110 HaWHX AHe~. OCHOBHO~ aKLleHT cneAyeT AenaTb H8
H3}"18HHH C}'IJ4HOCTH roCYABPCTB, rA8 OC}'IJ4eCTaneH npHHLlHn pa3,D,eneHHSI an8CTe~: 3TO AaeT
npe.clCrBaneHH8 0 TOM, K8K AeMOtcpaTHSI 06eCne'lHBaeT OnTHManbHOe YAOeneTBOpeHHe
HHTep8C08 BC8X '1n8H08 06U48CTBB H rapaHTHpyeT nH'IHble CB060Abi Ka>K,O,OrO.

1if3}"1eHHIO T8MbI Lleneco06p83HO OTBeCTH ABB ypOKa. Ha nepBOM 3aHSlTHH MO)l(HO (B

K8'18CTB8 HCTOpH'I8CKOrO 3KCK'fPca) paCCMOTpeTb roCYA8pCTBa 6e3 pa3AeneHHSI BnaCTe~, Ha
APyroM YAenHTb BHHM8HH8 COBpeMeHHblM AeMOKpaTH'IeCKHM pe)l(HMaM C pa3,D,eneHHeM
an8CTe~. Cne.clyeT TSlOKe HMeTb S s~y, 'ITO TpeTbSl TeMa npeAnOnaraeT HTorosylO nposepKY
3HSHH~ }"ISU4HXCSI. B03MO)l(eH H SapHSHT, KOrAa KOHTpOnbHSSI pS60Ta HnH HTOrOSOe 3aHSlTHe
nposOAHTCSI no MST8pHany '1eTSepTO~ TeMbI, nocsSlU4eHHO~ sbl60paM. nOA06HaSl KOHTponbHaSl
ps60TB Moms 6b1 OXSSTHTb MSTepHan nepsblx '1eTbipeX TeM BTOpO~ '1aCTH K'fPca, TO eCTb BCIO
np06neMSTHKY AeMOKpSTH'IeCKOrO roCYAapCTsa.

COPOK TPETMA YPOK.

43 rOCYABpC'TB8 683 p83A8J1eHMA an8cm (3.1, 3.2)

AeMOKpaTI1R - OAHO 113 AOCTl1lKeHI1i1 06~eCTBeHHoro pa3BI1TI1R COBpeMeHHoro Ml1pa.

Kpl1Tepl111 AeMOKpaTl111 I1MelOT pewalO~ee 3Ha'leHl1e, KorAa rOCYABPCTBa npl1HI1MalOT BSlKHble
BHeWHenOI1I1TI1'leCKl1e peWeHI1R - C KeM pa3BI1BaTb OTHOWeHI1R,KOMY OKa3aTb 3KOHOMI1'leCKYIO
nOAAeplKKY 11 AP. HeAeMOKpaTI1'leCKl1e pelKl1MbI I1MelOT 6011ee AaBHlO1O I1CTOPI1IO. nepBaR
'laCTb nOCBR~eHa MeTOAaM ocy~ecTBl1eHI1R Bl1aCTI1 B npOWI10M. (Y'la~l1eCR Y3HalOT, 'ITO
OrpaHI1'leHI1R AeMOKpaTl1I1 cy~eCTBYIOT 11 B YC110BI1RX cerOAHRWHero, npel1My~ecTBeHHO
AeMOKpaTI1'leCKOrO 06~eCTBa. 'leM OHI1 06YC110B11eHbI, K KaKI1M nOCl1eACTBI1RM OHI1 MOryT
npl1BecTI1,BbI yaHaeTe no 113Y'leHI1IO Bcero MaTepl1811a TpeTbei1 TeMbl.)

Apyroi1 Kpyr BonpOCOB, paCCMaTpl1BaeMblX Ha YPOKe, CBR3aH C COBpeMeHHblM nOHRTl1eM

pB3AeneHMA rocYASpCTBeHHOi anBCTM Ha Tpl1 He3aBI1CI1MblX 11 caMOCTORTel1bHblX BeTBI1.

MaTepl1811 YPOKa COAeplKl1T l!el1bli1 pRA nOHRTI1i1, HeKOTopble 113 HI1X BaM, O'leBI1AHO, YlKe
3HaKOMbl, HO He I1CKIlIO'leHO, 'ITO C MHOrl1MI1 113 HI1X Bbi BCTpeTI1TeCb BnepBble: MOHapXMA,
TeOKpBTMA, BBTOKpBTMA, AecnOTMA, TMPBHMA, AMKTBrypB, onMrBpXMA, OxnOKpBTMA,
pB3AaneHMe anBCTeA. C 3TI1MI1 nOHRTI1RMI1 Bac He 3HaKOMI1T HI1 OAI1H APyroi1 Y'le6Hbli1
npeAMeT.

~ BonpocbI no TeKcTY
• • nepe'lI1C1lI1Te I1MeHa MbiCIlI1Tel1ei1 ApeBHOCTl1, KOTopble I1HTepeCOB811I1Cb np0611eMaMI1
rOCYABPCTBa 11 BIlaCTI1.

''lTO OTHOCI1TCR K KOMneTeHl!I1l1 MOHapxa B roCYABPCTBe, rAe He ocy~ecTBl1eH npl1Hl!l1n

pa3Ael1eHI1R BIlacTei1?

• K 'leMY CBQAI1TCR POl1b MOHapxa B COBpeMeHHblX AeMOKpaTl1'leCKI1X rocYABPCTBax?

• MelKAY KBKI1MI1 OpraHaMI1 Bl1aCTI1 pa3Ae11eHa Bl1aCTb B COBpeMeHHblX AeMOKpaTI1'leCKI1X

rOCYABPCTBax?

60
 ~9

(.~a.LOeU8 ~I-IHauatn:ed eUI'IhHl-ldu

~I-IHadC IotlthOJ. 0 ~I-IHalKOUOU 1UE: aolaAdlUHaVolVoiOllodu 1'18 lIll)I .• e'D'oJ adl'l.lah eH VoIollodo
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XIotltO.lHa'l1l1cadu I-II-IHal:taBodu I-Idu '10e~HaVoil-ldu eHO - e.lHa'l1l1cadu ~I-IHedgcl-I ~~l:tallodu
~gooo UI-IBOHe.LO~ OJodOolOll t> l-I'I.le.LO lleE:ge ~odo.lB 'l-IlIl-IugNJoad ~OllOHOolO€ I-I~HO)!
BI-IB.LO~al:t B I-II-IHal:taBB 0 HOJle£ ~Hl-ldu UI'Ig oHHaVoiadBOHl1Q .. ··~Olll-lJ~l-Id ~awl-Igcl-I
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HMHe'lteg

'I-IHCl-IlK ~OllOahl-lolI-IUOU CI-I l'IdaVoil-ldu

al-lln~oxl:tou aoll-Il:taBl-ldu (.l-Il-IoledlioVolBl:t ~oHo~oHaoHoli I-IUI-I eBolOHl-lm'luog I-Il-IoledlioVolal:t
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aMHe'lteg

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 Bbl60PbI
4 np06neMSTlfKS sbl60pos IfMeeT P.llfl Y'lS~IfXCfI npaKTIf'leCKOe 3Ha'leHlfe. Ka)l(,lJ,oe
roCy.o.SPCTSO rapsHTlfpyeT CSOIfM rpB)l(,lJ,SHSM npaso Y'laCTSosaTb S sbl60pax. AKTIfSHOCTb
Y'lacTlffi S sbl60pax so MHorOM onpe.o.enfieT pa3SlfTife rocy.o.apcTss - 06 3TOM
CSlf.o.eTenbCTSYIOT If sce sbl60Pbl, npose.o.eHHble S 8CTOHIfif nocne SOccTsHosneHlffi
rocy.o.apCTseHHoH He3aSIfCIfMOCTIf. TeMs paCKPblSSeT npaKTIf'leCKIfH acneKT Cy~HOCTIf
sbl60pos, HO npe.o.naraeT TalOKe MHOro IfHcpopMa~IfIf, none3HOH P.llfl KB)I(,IJ,OrO '1enoseKa.

TeMY MO)l(HO PSCCMOTpeTb 3S.o.88 ypOKa: nepSblH nOCSflTIfTb 06~eMY nOHflTlf1O sbl60pos KaK
nOnIfTIf'leCKOrO IfHCTlfT}'TB, STOPOH 3HaKOMCTSY KaK C 06~IfMIf nplfH~lfnaMIf npose,o.eHlffi
sbl60pos, TSK If C nponop~IfOHanbHblM If M8)I(0PlfTBPHblM 1f36lfpaTBnbHblMif CIfCTeMaMIf.
nO.o.TeMS "KSOTbi If cpopMynbl pacnpe,o.eneHlffi MaH,D,aTOS" seCbMa CnO)l(Ha, 3,o.eCb Y'lIfTenb
MO)l(ST OrpSHIf'lIfTbCfI KOPOTKIfM pa3bflCHBHlfeM.

45 COPOK nSlTbiM YPOK.

0611.1.Me nOHRTMR, CBR3aHHbie C Bb160paMM. napnaMeHTCKMe M npe-
3MAeHTCKMe Bbl60Pbl (4.1, 4.2, 4.3)

Bbl60Pbl npeACTaBI1S1IOT c060~ nBp"0AWleCKI n~BTOpSllOl1\YIOCSI npOL\eAYPY

AeMOKpaTWIBCKoro 06l1\eCTBa, nocpeACTBOM KOTOpO~ rpaJK,!laHB OCYl1\BCTBI1S1IOT
npHHBAIlBJKaBl1\YIO 11M Bl1aCTb, I1MelOT B03MOlKHOCTb Y'laCTBOBaTb B onpeAel1BHl111 nOl1l1TI1KI1
rOCYAapCTBa. B TOTanl1TapHblX 06l1\BCTBax (B TOM 'lI1CI1B B 6blBWBM COBeTCKOM COI03B)
Bbl60Pbl npeBpal1\3l1l1Cb B <papc,l1l1weHHbl~ pBanbHoro COABplKaHI1S1.1i1 cerOAHSI MOlKHO nopo~
38MBTI1Tb, 'ITO B 3CTOHI111 He BCB I1IOAI1 YAel1S1IOT Bbl60paM CTOl1bKO BHI1MaHI1S1, CKOl1bKO OHI1
38CI1YlK"BaIOT.

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Bbl60pOB, C npOL\BAYPO~ napl1aMeHTCKI1X 11" npe311AeHTCKI1X Bbl60pOB B 3CTOHI111 11 APyrl1x
rOCYABPCTBax.

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AItMOKpaTM'IeCKMX Bbl6opOB, 'ITO npeACTaBI1S1IOT c060~ B03paCTHoii qeH3, BepXHAA
"anaTa, npAMbie Bbl6oPbl, HenpAMbie Bbl6opbl.

~ BonpOCbl no TeKCyY

• • '-ITO nOHI1MaeTCSI nOA OnpBAel1eHI1BM "Bce06l1\l1e Bbl60Pbl"?

• '-ITO nOHI1MaeTCSI nOA onpeAel1BHl1eM "Bbl60pbl Ha OCHOBe paBHoro 113611paTel1bHOrO

npaBa"?

• '-ITO nOHI1MaeTCSI nOA onpeAel1eHl1eM "npSlMbie BbI60pbl"?

• '-ITO nOHI1MaeTCSI nOA onpeAel1eHl1eM "Ta~Hoe r0I10COBaHl1e"?

• '-ITo A}lMaere Bbl 0 eepXHe~ naIlare naptlaMeHTa - 0 ee COCTaB ,nP8AH83Ha'leHI1I1 11 T.,[\.?

BonpOCbl AIIR 06CYlKAeHMR

• KaKl1e CI1011 HaCel1eHI1S1 rocYABPCTBa He 06118A8IOT 113611paTel1bHbiM npaBOM,KaKl1e L\eH3b1

OrpaHI1'lI1BaIOT 113611paTel1bHOe npaBO?

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6annOTHpoeaTbCSI Ha Bbl60pax - He06xQAI1MOCTb aannaTHTb AeHelKHbI~ 33/l0r 11 c06paTb
OnPBABlleHHoe KOI1I1'leCTBO nOAnl1ce~ B nOAD,eplKKY CBoe~ KBHAI1A8TYPbi?

62
 • KaK Bbl AYMaeTe: B 3CTOHHH L\el1eC006pa3Hee H36HpaTb npe3HAeHTa Ha npslMbiX HIlH
KOCBeHHblX Bbl60pax?

38AaHMSI
• COCTaBbTe arHTalU'lOHHbli1I1HCTOK, npeACTaBI1RIO~Hi1 Bo06pBlKaeMOrO KaHAHABTa Ha nOCT
npe3HAeHTa Pecny611HKH.

• Aai1Te OL\eHKY KaHAHAaTaM B npe3HAeHTbI, KOTOPblX npeACTaBllRIOT BaWH TOBapH~ -

npOr0l10COB8I1H 6bl Bbl 3a 3THX KaHAHABTOB HI1H HeT?

COPOK WECTOA YPOK. 46

Ma)l(OpMTapHble M36MpaTenbHble CMCTeMbl, nponop....MoHanbHble 10136101-
paTenbHble cMcTeMbI, KBOTbl 101 cl»opMynbl pacnpeAeneHMSI MaHAaToB
(4.4, 4.5, 4.6)

YpOK Tpe6yeT OT Y'laUjI1XCR KOH~eHTpa~1111 BHI1MaHI1R, nOCKOnbKY paCCMaTpl1BalOTCR nOrl1Ka

pa3JJI1'1HblX 113611paTenbHblX CI1CTeM, I1X MaTeMaTI1'1eCKl1e aCneKTbI. Cne,llyeT yRCHI1Tb caMoe
OCHOBHoe - CYUjeCTBO 11 norl1KY MIDKOpl1TapHblX 11 nponOp~110HanbHblX 113611paTenbHblX
CI1CTeM.

Y'II1TenlO cne,o,yeT paCKpblTb co,o,epJKaHl1e nOHRTI1R MBH.qBT 11 KOPOTKO paCCKa3aTb

Y'laUjI1MCR 0 KBOTBX H cpoPMYnax pBcnpe,qeneHHR MBHABTOS.

nocl1e O'iepeAHbiX napl1aMeHTCKHX Bbl60pOB B npecce H pa3roBopax nORBI1RIOTCR

BbICKa3b1BaHHR pa30'lapOBaBWHXCR H36HpaTel1ei1 H HeYAB'lI1HBbIX KaHAHABTOB, YTBeplKAlilO~HX,
'ITO pe3YI1bTaTbi Bbl60pOB He B COCTORHHH OTpa3HTb BOI1IO HapOAB, nOCKOl1bKY B 3CTOHHH
npHMeHReTCR RK06bl HenpaBHl1bHaR H36HpaTel1bHaR CHCTeMa. Bbl MOlKeTe TOlKe npHHRTb
Y'laCTHe B nOAo6HbiX AHCKYCCHRX, YCBOHB Y'le6Hbli1 MaTepH8I1, nOCBR~eHHbli1 H36HpaTel1bHbiM
CHCTeMaM. np0611eMa 3Ta HenpOCTa, n03TOMY H3Y'leHHe MaTepH8I1a Tpe6yeT OT KaJKAOrO
HanpRlKeHHoro BHHMaHHR. Ha YPOKe He06xOAHMO YCBOHTb OCHOBHble nOHRTHR -
MB.OpMTBpHBR M36MpBTenbHBR CMCTeMB, npOnOpL\MOHBnbHBR M36MpBTenbHBR
CMCTeMB, sbl60pbl S OAMH TYP MnM SASS TYPs ronocoBsHMR, 3SKpbITbiM M OTKPblTblM
cnMCOK KBHAMABTOB, (nBpnBMeHTCKMM) nopor ronocoB, KBOTB M36pSHMR, cjlopMynbl
pBcnpeAeneHMR MSHASTOB.

~
BonpocbI no TeKCTY
''lTO TaKoe MBlKopHTapHaR H36HpaTel1bHaR cHcTeMa?
•
• Ha30BHTe OCHOBHoe npeHMy~ecTBo H KpynHei1wHi1 HeAocTaToK MalKopHTapHoi1
H36HpaTel1bHoi1 CHCTeMbl.

''lTO TaKoe npOnOpL\HOH8I1bHaR H36HpaTel1bHaR cHcTeMa?

''lTO npeACTaBI1RIOT c060i1 3aKpblTbie cnHCKH KaHAHAaTOB, B 'leM 3aKllIO'laeTCR HX CI1a6aR

CTopOHa?

• Ha30BHTe OCHOBHOi1 HeAOCTaTOK npOnOpL\HOH8I1bHoi1 H36HpaTel1bHoi1 CHCTeMbl.

''lTO TaKoe KBOTa?

63
 BonpocbI AllII 06CYlItA8HMII

• KTO MMeeT WaHCbI Ha ycnex,ecnM npMMeHReTCR MaJKOpMTapHaR M36MpaTenbHaR CMCTeMa?

• Ha30BMTe npeMM~eCTBa 3aKpblTbIX 101 OTKPblTbiX (npe4>epeH~anbHoro ronocoBaHMR)

cnMCKOB KaHAMABTOB B ycnOBMsiX 3CTOHMM.

38A8HM8

• npeACTaBbTe, 'ITO 1013 Bawero KnaCca Heo6xOAMMO M36paTb npeACTaBMTenR WKonbl AnR
Y'laCTMR B MellCAYHapoAHol1 BCTPe'le. COCTaBbTe MHCTPYKI.\MIO AnR npOBeAeHMR Bbl6opOB
npeACTaBMTenR WKonbl, Y'lMTblBaR npMHLlMnbl 101 MellCAYHapOAHYIO npaKTMKY npOBeAeHMR
Bb16opOB.

47 COPOK CEAbMoA YPOK.

P831OM8 T8M 0 rOCYA8pCTB8, an8CTM, A8MOKpaTMM M Bbl6opax.

nepBble TPU TeMbi BTOPOH '1aCTU KYpca nOrU'IeCKU B3aUMOCBR3aHbI, nOCKonbKY

paCCMaTpUBalOT npo6neMbi rocyp,apCTB8 - nOnUTU'IeCKUe aCneKTbI ero cTaHosneHuR U
cPY/lKL(UOHUpOBaHUR. CYwecTByeT HeMsno paanU'IHblX BapuaHTOB npOBep,eHUR UTorOBoro
3aHRTUR. ,lJ,nR 3aKpenneHUR HOBbiX nOHRTUH MO)l(HO npOBeCTU o6wee 06CYJK,lleHUe unu
nUCbMeHHYIO KOHTponbHYIO pa6ory. Ho U3Y'1eHHblH Kpyr BonpOCOB npe.o,naraeT TaK)l(e
WUPOKUH Bbl60p TeM IJ,nR HanucaHUR Ha ypOKe 3cce: "OCHOBHble OmU'IUR p,eMoKparuu OT
p,UKTarypbl", "KaKue Tpyp,HOCTU p,On)l(Ha npeop,oneTb p,eMoKparuR?", "SCTOHUR Ha nyru K
p,eMOKParuu", "Eenu 6b1 y Hac cYwecTBoBana p,UKTarypa" U T.p,. 06R3aTenbHoe ycnoBue
HanucaHUR TBKOH pa60TbI - Y'lawuecR p,On)l(Hbi ucnOnb30B8Tb YCBoeHHble HOBbie nOHRTUR.

64
non~T~"'ECK~E TE"'EH~SI XIX - XX BEKOB

Y'lB~KecR 3HBKOMKnKCb C KCTOpKeiii nOnKTK'IeCKKX Te'leHKiii B OCHOBHOit WKOne, B PBMKax

5
K}'Pca KCTOPKK HOBOro BpeMeHK. n03TOMY 3TOT MBTepKan KM 'I8CTK'IHO 3H8KOM. LteHHocTb
nRToit TeMbi 3aKJIIO'IaeTCR B TOM, 'ITO Y'l8~KeCR nOnY'lBT KOMnaKTHOe K ItOCT8TO'lHO
OCHOB8TenbHOe np~cTBsneHKe KBK 0 ~OPMKPOB8HKK nOnKTK'IeCKKX Te'leHKit,TBK K 06 KX
PB3BKTKK B XX BeKe. ,Qanee BHKMBHKe yltenReTCR MeJKltY/fBp0ItHOMY nOnO)/(eHKIO B ycnoBKRX
COBpeMeHHOCTK. npK P8CCMOTpeHKK MaTepKana K3Y'1aeTCR K onbiT 3CTOHKK.

AKTYanbHOCTb TeMbi C TO'lKK 3peHKR K8JK,qOItHeBHoit npaKTKKK He Tpe6yeT 1t0nOnHKT8flbHOrO

ItOKa3BTenbCTBa. )/(K3Hb mOlteit BO MHorOM 3BBKCKT OT neBoit KnK npBBoit nOnKTK'IeCKoit
opKeHT8~K rocyltBpCTBB. B npo~ecce nOCTpoeHKR 3CTOHCKoro rocyltBpCTBa TBlOKe rOBopRT
o Mepax K HanpasneHHOCTK neBoro KnK npBBoro TonKa. M3Y'1KB 3TY TeMY, Y'la~KeCR CMOryT
nY'lwe nOHRTb ltaHHYIO np06neMBTKKY K CBMOCTORTenbHO npKHKMaTb COOTBeTcTBylO~Ke
peweHKR.

MBTepKan MO)/(HO PBCCMOTpeTb Ha Tpex YPOKax: HB nepBOM ypOKe n03HBKOMKTbCR C

KCTOpKeiii ~OpMKpOBaHKR nOnKTK'IeCKKX Te'leHKit, Ha BTOPOM - C nepeMeHBMK, KOTopble
npOK30wnK B XX BeKe K C COBpeMeHHblM MeJKltYHBpOItHbiM nOnO)/(eHKeM, HB TpeTbeM
COCp~OTO'lKTbCR Ha np06neMax 3CTOHKK.

COPOK BOCbMOA YPOK. 48

Cl»oPMMpoB8HMe nonMTMileCKMX Te'leHMM B XIX - XX BeKaX. (5.1, 5.3, 5.4)

B 3CTOHioliol cerOAHR '1aCTO nOnb3YIOTCR TaKIolMIol nOHRrnRMIol 1013 nOnIolTI1'1eCKOH neKCI1KI1 KaK
~eHTp113M,neBaR 11 npaBaR nOnI1TI1'1eCKaR Opl1eHTa~I1R. 06ycnoBneHO 3TO B '1aCTHOCTI1 TeM
06CTORTenbCTBOM, '1TO B pe3ynbTaTe nonYBeKOBoro nepepblBa B npaKTI1Ke AeMOKpaTI1'1eCKOiii
lKIoI3HIoI 6b1na HapyweHa I1CTOplol'1eCKaR npeeMCTBeHHOCTb 11 C03AaHHbie HeAaBHO
nOnl1TI1'1eCKl1e napTl1101 BblHYlKAeHbI npORBn!ITb aKTIoIBHOCTb AnR onpeAeneHI1R CBoero MeCTa Ha
TPBAIoI~110HHOiii nOnI1TIoI'1eCKOiii WKane. HepeAKO nOnl1TI1KI1 rOBopRT 0 neBOH I1nl1 npaBOH
nOnI1TI1'1eCKOH Opl1eHTa~1oI101 CBOIolX onnOHeHTOB, BKnBAblBaR B nOATeKCT 3TI1X CaMI1X no ce6e
HeHTpanbHblX nOHRTl1iii 3Ha'1eHl1e cBoe06pa3HbiX pyraTenbCTB.

Ii1HorAa CKnBAblBaeTCR Bne'1aTneHloIe, '1TO HeKOTopble nOnl1TI1KI1 He YRCHl1nl1 ce6e CytI.\HOcrn

nOnI1TIoI'1eCKI1X Te'1eHl1iii. 'laCTI1'1HO 3TO 06bRCHReTCR TeM, '1TO HeCKonbKO nocneAHl1x
nOKoneHloIiii Hawero HapOAa 6blnl1 nl1WeHbl B03MOlKHOCTI1 YCBOI1Tb npl1CytI.\l1e HopManbHoiii
nOnI1TIoI'1eCKOiii lKI13HI1 3HaHI1R 11 npaKTI1'1eCKl1e HaBbiKIol. C APyroH CTOPOHbl, HaCeneHl110
3CTOHI111 (B OTnlol'1l1e, HanplolMep, OT WBe~I1I1), He npl1XOAl1nOCb lKl1Tb B ycnoBIoIRX npaBneHI1R
npaBI1TenbCTB,pe3KO OTnlol'1alOlLllolXCR no CBoeH nOnI1TI1'1eCKOH Opl1eHTa~l1. n03TOMY HeT 11
He06xoAIIMOrO onblTa, '1T06bl Bblpa60TaTb CBoe OTHOWeHl1e K pa3nl1'1HblM nOnI1TI1'1eCKI1M
Te'1eHI1RM.

ypOK paCCKBlKeT 0 q,OpMl1pOBaHI1Io1 OCHOBHblX nOnI1TI1'1eCKI1X I1AeOnOrI1H. MaTepl1an MOlKeT

6blTb Y'1alLlI1MCR 3HaKOM C ypOKOB I1CTOPI1I1,HO nOBTopeHlole He06xOAI1MO,'1T06bl 3aTeM MOlKHO
6bln0 nepeHTI1 K paCCMOTpeHlol1O np06neM, CBR3aHHblX C nOnI1TI1'1eCKI1MIoI npo~eCCaMI1
COBpeMeHHOCTI1.

OCHOBHoe COAeplKaHl1e Y'1e6HOrO MaTeplolana YCBoeHO, ecnl1 Bbl CYMeeTe pa3bRCHI1Tb

COAeplKaHl1e nOHRTI1H KOHcepBaTM3M, nM6epBnM3M, CO","BnM3M, npaBali OpMeHTa","II,
neBali opMeHTa","II, Ll,eHTpM3M 11 3HaeTe I1MeHa I1X OCHOBonOnOlKHI1KOB.

65
~
BonpocbI no TeKCTY

• • J),ai:!Te KpaTKYIO xapaKTepl1CTI1KY KOHCepBaTI13Ma

• J),ai:!Te KpaTKYIO xapaKTepl1CTI1K)' 11116epanl13Ma

XIX
XIX
BeKa •

BeKa.

• J),ai:!Te KpaTKYlO xapaKTepl1CTI1KY CO~anI13Ma XIX BeKa.

• KeM 6b11111 :3AMYHA 6epK, Wapllb Ae MOHTeCKbe,MaM CMI1T,6eHAJl(aMI1H KOHCTaH, Kapll

MapKC, :3AyapA 6epHwTei:!H, BllSAI1MI1P YllbSlHOB-lleHI1H?

•K KOHLlY XIX BeKa YCTaHOBI1110Cb pa3AelleHI1e nOlll1Tl1'lecKoi:! WKanbl Ha lleBoe,

LleHTpl1CTCKOe 11 npaBoe Te'leHI1S1. KaK 3TO np0I130WllO?

BonpocbI AlIA 06CYlKAeHMA

• KaKl1e 113MeHeHI1S1 np0l130Wlll1 B 06l1\eCTBeHHoi:! lKI13HI1 B XIX BeKe, KOTopble C03Aanl1
YCllOBI1S1 AllSl <pOpMl1pOBaHI1S1 OCHOBHblX nOllI1TI1'1eCKI1X I1Aeollorl1i:!?

• nO'leMY npeACTaBI1Telll1 11116epanl13Ma XIX BeKa He COrnaCI111I1Cb Ha OTKa3 OT MOHapXl111

11 Ha YCTaHOBlleHl1e Bce06l1\ero 113611paTellbHoro npaBa?

,YeM 06YCll0BJ1eHO nOSlBlleHl1e MHOrO'lI1ClleHHbIX HanpaBlleHI1i:! B paMKax COLll1anI13Ma?

38AaHMe

'COCTaBbTe Ta611I1L1Y AllSl cpaBHeHI1S1 KOHCepBaTI13Ma,lll16epanl13Ma 11 COLll1anl13Ma no

ClleAYIOl1\I1M npl13HaKaM: 1) CllOI1 HaCelleHI1S1, KOTopble COCTaBI11111 COLll1anbHYIO 6a3Y
l1AeOllOrl1l1, 2) OCHOBHble nOllOlKeHI1S1 nOllI1TI1'1eCKOrO 11 06l1\eCTBeHHoro YCTpoi:!cTBa, 3)
nyrn AOCTl1lKeHI1S1 Llellei:!.

49 COPOK AEBSITbiA YPOK.

Pa3BMTMe nOnMTM'IeCKMX Te'leHMM B XX BeKe (5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9)

YpOK nOCSSlUjeH P8CCMOTpeHI11O P83SI1TI1R OCHOSHbiX nOflI1TI1'1eCKI1X Te'leHI1U S XX seKe.

Oco6eHHOCTbIO TeKCT8 Y'le6HI1K8 R8J1ReTCR ,lV1I1HHblU 11 OCHOS8TeflbHblU Cnl1COK nOflI1TI1'1eCKI1X
n8pTI1U PR,D,8 38Py(je)l(HbiX CTpaH. P83YMeeTCR, OT Y'l8UjI1XCR He Tpe6yeTcR 38Y'111S8HI1e 3TI1X
Cnl1CKOS H8113yCTb - 3T8 I1Hq,OPM8l,(I1R nOMO)l(eT 11M Opl1eHTI1pOS8TbCR S cospeMeHHoifl
Me!K.llYH8pO.QHOifl nOfll1TI1Ke.

YpOK paCCMaTpl1BaeT npOLlecc pa3BI1TI1S1 nOllI1TI1'1eCKI1X Te'leHI1ii1 B XX BeKe. ABTOPbl

3HaKOMSlT '1I1TaTellei:! co cneLlI1<pI1'1eCKI1MI1 <popMaMI1 npOSlBlleHI1S1 npaBOi:!, lleBoi:! 11
LleHTpI1CTCKOi:! l1AeOllorl1i:! B nOClleAHl1e AeCSlTI111eTI1S1,YAellSlSl BHI1MaHl1e TaKlKe npl1'1I1HaM,
06YCllOBI1BWI1M 3TI1 nepeMeHbI.

B CBoeM pa3BI1TI111 :3CTOHI1S1 6bllla HSAOllro I1CKllIO'IeHa 113 '1I1Clla Y'laCTHI1KOB OTMe'leHHbIX
paHee npOLleCCOB. CerOAHSI Mbi MOlKeM npl1 He06xOAI1MOCTI1 Onl1paTbCSI Ha onblT,
HaKOnlleHHbliiI APyrMMI1 HapOABMl1, KOPOTKI1ii1 0630P KOToporo AaeT Y'le6HI1K.

MaTepl1an ypOKa npeAnOllaraeT YCBOeHl1e HOBblX nOHSlTI1i:! KOMMyttM3M, eBpOKOMMYHM3M,

M~MBMAyanM3M, pa~OHanM3M, TP8AM~OHanM3M.

66
 BonpocbI no TeKCTY
• nO'IeMY HAeSl MHpOBOrO TOplKeCTBa
nOnHTH'leCKHMYCTpeMneHHSlM POCCHH?
KOMMYHH3Ma COOTBeTCTBOBBna BHeWHe- ->
•

• KaKHe TeHAeH~H pa3BHTHSI,npOSlBHBWHeCSI nocne BTOPO~ MHPOBO~ BO~HbI,06yenOBHnH

60nee YMepeHHbl~ xapaKTep B3rnSlAOB MelKAYHapOAHOrO COLIHBnH3Ma?

• Ha30BHTe pa3HOBHAHOCTH CO~BnH3Ma, nOSlBHBWHeCSl noene BTOPO~ MHpOBO~ BO~HbI.

• KaKHe Te'leHHSI MOlKHO BblAenHTb B COBpeMeHHO~ nH6epanbHO~ nonHTHKe?

• Ha30BHTe ABa 3Tana, KOTopble B CBoeM nOnHTH'leCKOM pa3BHTHH npownH 6b1BWHe

CO~BnHCTH'leCKHe CTpaHbl.

BonpocbI AIlS! 06CYlKAeHMS!

• KaKO~ MHPOB033peH'leCKH~ paCKon CytJ..\eCTBOBBn MelKAY MelKAYHapOAHblM COLIHBnH3MOM
H KOMMYHH3MOM COBeTCKoro THna XX BeKa?

• nO'IeMY xpHCTHaHcKHe napTHH SlBnSlIOTCSI KOHcepBaTHBHblMH?

3a,qaHMe
• COCTaBbTe 0630P OCHOBHblX nonOlKeHH~, KOTOPblB nepeHSlnH APyr Y APyra pa3nH'lHblB
nOnHTH'leCKHB HABonorHH XX BeKa.

nSiTMAECSITblA YPOK. 50
Pa3BMTMe nOnMTMileCKMX Te'leHMM B 3CTOHMM B XIX - XX BeKax (5.2, 5.5,
5.10)

nonHTHKa H Y'laCTHe nIOAB~ B nOnHTH'leCKO~ ABSlTBnbHOCTH HMelOT B 3CTOHHH

onpBAeneHHble HCTOPH'lBCKHB TPBAH~H. B Hawe~ nOnHTH'lBCKO~ HCTOPHH npeACTaBnBHbI
BCB OCHOBHble Te'leHHSI,H3BBCTHble H3 MelKAYHapOAHO~ nonHTHKH. Ao BTOPO~ MHPOBO~ BO~HbI
B 3CTOHHH nOSlBHnaCb nnBSIAB nOnHTH'leCKHX AeSlTene~, HBKOTopble H3 KOTOPblX A06HnHcb
MBlKAYHapOAHoro npH3HaHHSI.

YpOK 3HaKOMHT Y'laIl!HXCSI C HCTopHe~ 3CTOHCKO~ nOnHTH'lBCKO~ MblenH H paCKpblBaeT

COBpBMeHHble npOl\BCCbI. nOnY'lBHHble Ha npeAblAYll!eM YPOKB 3HaHHSI 06 OCHOBHblX
nonHTH'lBCKHX Te'leHHSlX n03BonSlIOT aHBnH3HpOBaTb npOl\eCCbI,npOTeKaIOIl!HB B 3CToHHH,a
TaKlKe Bblpa60TaTb KBlKAOMY CBOB OTHOWBHHe K HHM.

MaTepHBn ynoMHHaeT Ha3BaHHSI MHorHX napTH~ H HMeHa nOnHTH'leCKHX ABSlTBne~, HO OT

Y'laIl!HXCSI HB Tpe6yeTcSI 3anOMHHaHHB KBJKAoro H3 HHX. MaTepHBn YCBOBH, BenH BbI 3HaKOMbI
C OCHOBHblMH XapaKTBpHblMH 'lBpTaMH 3CTOHCKO~ nOnHTH'lBCKO~ MbienH Ha'lHHaSl C nBpHOAB
Ha~OHBnbHOrO B03pOlKAeHHSI,3HaeTB 0 BBAYIl!HX nOnHTH'leCKHX napTHSlX XX BeKa H HX BHAHblX
AeSlTenSlX, a TaKlKe pacCTaHOBKY OCHOBHblX nOnHTH'leCKHX CHn nBpHOAa BOCCTaHOBneHHSI
rocYAapcTBBHHO~ He3aBHCHMOCTH 3CTOHHH,3HaeTB CYll!eCTBYlOll!He BBAYIl!HB nOnHTH'lBCKHB
CHnbl H HX nHABpOB.

67
 ->• BonpocbI no TeKCTY
'Ha30BHTe ABa OCHOBH~X nonHTH~eCKHX Te~eHH~ 3CTOHHH B nepHOA Ha~HOHanbHoro
B03polKAeHH~ H HMeHa HX npeACTaBHTeneH.

• nepe~HcnHTe TpH OCHOBH~X· nonHTH~eCKHX HanpaBneHH~, c<I>opMHpOBaBWHec~ B

3CTOHHH Ha py6elKe XIX - XX BeKOB. KTO PYKOBOAHn 3THMH nonHTH~eCKHMH
ABHlKeHH~MH?

• H830BHTe TpH OCHOBHbIX nOnHTH~eCKHX Tei~eHH~ B 3cTOHHH B 1920-1930-x rOA8X.

BonpocbI AIIR 06CYlKAeHMR

• KaKHe 06~He ~epT~ npOCMaTpHBaIOTC~ B npo~eccax <l>opMHpoBaHH~ nonHTH~eCKOH
M~cnH XIX BeKa B 3CTOHHH H B cTpaHax 3anSAHOH EBponbl?

• AaHTe xapaKTepHCTHKy nonHTHKH 3CTOHCKOH Pecny6nHKH AO BTOPOH MHPOBOH BOHHbl.

5~na OHa aKTHBHOH HnH naCCHBHOH, KonHpOBana 3apy6elKHblH onblT HnH HCXOAHna H3
MeCTH~X ycnoBHH, 6b1na MHPHOH HnH Hac~~eHHOH KOH<I>nHKTaMH? npHBeAHTe
apryMeHTbl, nOATBeplKA8IO~He BaWH YTBeplKAeHH~.

• npoaHanH3HpYHTe HblHeWHHH cneKTp nonHTH~eCKHX CHn 3CTOHHH - KaKHe napTHH

npHAeplKHBalOTC~ npaBOH,KaKHe neBOH opHeHTa~H,KaKHe ~Bn~IOTC~ ~eHTpHCTCKHMH?
KaKyIO ponb HrpaeT K8JKA8~ H3 3THX napTHH B nonHTHKe COBpeMeHHOH 3CTOHHH?

,
38A8HMe
• COCTaBbTe HeCKonbKO B03MOlKHbiX c~eHapHeB nonHTH~eCKoro pa3BHTH~ 3CTOHHH,HCXO~
H3 npeAnonOlKeHH~, ~TO B KOH~e 1980-x rOAOB K anaCTH npHwnH 6bl 1) npeAcTaBHTenH
npoco~HanHcTH~ecKoro 06beAHH'eHHoro COBeTa TpYAOBbiX KonneKTHBOB, 2)
nOAAeplKHBalO~He He3aBHCHMOCTb 3dTOHHH CHnbl H3 KOMMYHHcTH~ecKoH napTHH
3CTOHHH,3) CTOPOHHHKH HapoAHoro Cl>pOHta,4) Ha~OHanbHble CHnbl,06beAHHHBwHec~
n03lKe B IIIcaMaa.

68
~~cw~~c¥~~~~~-~~~~¥~~~~~@~ W~¥~@~~¥~@ W ~~~ ~
~ 3A ~WISD:{<01i\IiI \UJ
3Ta TeMa ~aCTH~HO KOHKpeTH3HpyeT MaTepHan,H3~eHH~H B paMKaX nepB~X nHIM TBM
BTOPOH ~aCTM KYPca. ABTOPbl 3HaKOMRT ~a~XCR C CPYHKl.II10HHpOBaHMBM COBpeMBHH~
AeMOKpaTH~eCKHX rOCYMPCTB,onHpaRCb Ha npMMep~ 3CTOHCKOH pBcny6nMKH,JlaTBMM,JlMTB~
M WBeIlHH,a TalOKe 4>eAepaTHBHOH PBcny6nHKH repMaHMM M COBAHHBHH~X WTaTOB AMepHKM.

WeCTaR TeMa co.o.ep)/(I1T OCHOBaTBnbHYIO I1Hq,opMal..ll1lO 0 rocy.o.apCTBeHHO-nOnI1TI1'1eCKOM

YCTpo,;icTBe :3CTOHCKO,;i Pecny6nl1Kl1 11 HeKOTopblX .o.Pyrnx CTpaH. ABTOP HaCTOR~ero
PYKOBO.o.CTBB npl1.o.ep)/(I1BaeTCR MHeHI1R, 'ITO paCCMorpeHl11O BonpoCOB, HenOCpB.o.CTBeHHO
CBR3aHHblX C :3cTOHl1e,;i,l..Ieneco06pa3HO OTBeCTl1.o.Ba YPOKa. nepBbI,;i 113 HI1X MO)l(HO nOCBRTI1Tb
paCKPblT1110 no.o.TeM 6.1.1,6.1.2 11 6.1.3, TO eCTb 113Y'1eHl11O OCHOBHblX '1epT rocy.o.apCTBeHHoro
YCTpo,;icTBa :3CTOHI1I1 11 PI1,;irl1Kory (napnaMeHTa). Ha STOPOM YPOKe Y'la~l1eCR 3HaKOMRTCR C
.o.eRTenbHOCTblO npaSI1TenbCTSa Pecny6nl1KI1 11 .o.pyrl1X KOHCTl1Tyl..l110HHblX oprSHOS anaCTH.
npl1 npOSB.o.eHl111 3Tl1X YPOKOS Y'lI1TBnb He MO)l(eT 060,;iTl1Cb 6e3 /(OHC7WT}fI4MM 3CTOHCICoR
Pecny6nMICM.

3aTeM B Y'le6HHKe paCCMaTpl1SaeTCR rocy.o.apCTseHHoe YCTPO,;iCTSO nRTH cTpaH. MaTepHBnS

xsaTaeT IJ.flR .o.syx YPOKOS, sonpoc S03Hl1KaeT nl1Wb npl1 rpynnl1pOSKe rocy.o.apcTB - KaKHe H3
HI1X l..IeneC006pa3HO paCCMorpeTb SMeCTe. Ecnl1 S O.o.HH YPOK 06be.o.HHl1Tb MaTepl1Bnbl 0
flaTSI1I1, fll1TSe 11 WBel..ll1l1, YPOK no TeMe "6nl1)/(a,;iwl1e COCB.o.I1 :3CTOHI1H" n03sonReT
3HaKOMl1TbCR C 06~HMI1 '1epTaMI1 11 pa3nI1'1I1RMI1 rocy.o.apcTseHHO-nOnl1Tl1'1eCKoro YCTPO,;iCTBB
flaTB1111 11 flI1TBbI, a TalOKe CpaSHI1Tb onbiT 3Tl1X Mono.o.blX .o.eMoKpaTI1,;i C I1CTOpl1'1eCKI1MI1
TP8l1.111..1l1RMl1 MHoroBeKoso,;i .o.eMOKpaTl111 Wsel..ll1l1. '1eTsepTbI,;i YPOK MO)/(HO nOCSRTHTb
cpaBHeHl110 aMepl1KaHCKOro 11 3an8l1.HO-espone,;icKoro 06pa31..10s cospeMeHHoro
rocY.o.apcTBeHHO-nOnI1Tl1'/eCKOro YCTpo,;icTBa.

Ho S03MO)/(Hbi 11 .o.pyrne Bapl1aHTbI. 06be.o.l1Hl1S B O.o.I1H YPOK MaTepl1Bnbl 0 flaTBI1I1,flI1TSe H

repMaHI1I1, Y'lI1Tenb MO)/(eT nOCTaBI1Tb Bonpoc: no CWlaM nl1 6BnTI1,;iCKHM rocyp,apcTBaM
opHeHTal..ll1R Ha rocy.o.apcTBeHHO-nOnI1TI1'1eCKOe YCTPO,;iCTBO (fJpr? B TaKOM cnY'lae
COSMeCTHoe paccMOTpeHl1e MaTepl1ana Wsel..ll1l1 11 CWA n03S0nReT SbI.o.enl1Tb
Cnel..ll1q,I1'1eCKl1e '1epTbi napnaMeHTapHoro 11 npe31f,D,eHTCKOro rocy.o.apcTseHHoro YCTpo,;icTsa.

BHe 3aSI1CI1MOCTl1 OT TOro, S KaKOM nOpR,ll,Ke 6Y.o.rr paccMoTpeHbI MaTepl1Bnbl, Y'lI1TenlO

cne.o.yeT nOCTORHHO no.o.'1epKI1SaTb He06xo.o.HMOCTb cpaSHeHI1R rocy.o.apcTseHHo-
nOnHTI1'1eCKOrO YCTpo,;icTBa :3CTOHI1I1 11 .o.pyrl1x CTpaH, BbiRanRTb KaK 06~l1e '1epTbI, TaK 11
pa3nH'IHR.

mITb,QEC'RT rBEIPBbBPiiI YIPOK.

OCHOBHble 'tepTIbI rOCYAapCTBeHHOrO YCTpOMCTlBa 3CTOHIl'iIIl'iI.
(rocy,qapCTBeHHoe co6paHMe) (6.11.11, 6_ 11.2, 6.1.3)

Bbl n03HaKOMHnHCb C 061l1eH opraHH3allHeH cOBpeMeHHoH rocYMPcTBeHHoH BnaCTM,

non~HnH npeACTaBneHHe 0 AeMOKpaTHH,O HeAeMOKpaTH~eCKHX pe~HMax,o nonHTH~eCKOM
npownOM HapOAOB MHpa. CneAYlOllIHe HeCKonbKO 3aHRTHH nOCBRllIeHbl H3~eHHIO 3THX
BonpOCOB npHMeHHTenbHO K cOBpeMeHHoH 3CTOHHH.

YpOK 3HaKOMHT ~alllHXCR C 061l1HMH ~epTaMH rOCYMPCTBeHHoro YCTpoHcTBa 3CTOHCKOH

Pecny6nHKH. Sonee nOAP06HO paCCMaTpHBalOTCR cpyHKlIHH,nOPRAoK H36paHHR H nOPRAOK
pa60Tbi napnaMeHTa - PHHrHKory. 3TH 3HaHHR paCKpblBalOT COAeplKaHHB Toro nonOlKBHHR
HaweH KOHCTHTYIIHH, cornaCHO KOTOPOMY HOCHTeneM BepXOBHOH rOCYAapCTBeHHOH BnaCTH B
3CTOHCKOH Pecny6nHKe RBnReTCR HapOA. Bo BpeMR TBneTpaHcnRIIHH H3 3ana PHHrHKory
HepeAKO 6pocalOTCR B ma3a nYCTYlOllIHe MeCTa MHorHX AenyraTOB. nO~eMY 3TH AenyraTbl He
npHcyrcTBYIOT Ha 3aceMHHRX? 06R3aHbi OHH BcerAa 6blTb Ha MeCTe HnH MOryr nponYCKaTb
3aceMHHR napnaMeHTa? MaTepHan ypOKa AaeT OTBeTbI Ha 3TH H MHorHe APyrnB Bonpoc~.

69
 3TOT YPOK IIIMeeT oc060e 3Ha'"leHllle A/lR MOnOAblX '"lIllTaTeneA, XOTR 3TO cnEil.llllanbHO He
nOA'"lepKIIIBaeTCR: 11136111paTenlll, B TOM '"llllcne MOnOAble, MOryr OKa38Tb cy~eCTBeHHOe BnlllRHllle
Ha nOnlllTIIIKY rOCYAapCTBa B ~enOM nocpeACTBOM Bblp8JKeHIIIR CBOIIIX nOnIllTIII'"leCKIIIX
npeAnO'"lTeHIIIIIIA, ronOCYR Ha napnaMeHTCKIIIX Bbl6opax. ·BeAb COCTaB napnaMeHTa
<l>opMIIIPyeTCR B HenOCpeACTBeHHOA 3aBIIICIIIMOCTlil OT nOnIllTIII'"leCKIIIX clIIMnaTlilA 11136l11paTeneA.
A HanpaeneHllle pa3BIIITIIIR 3CTOHCKOro 06~ecTBa onpeAenRIOT 11136paHHble B PIIIArlllKory
npeAcTaBIIITenlll HapoAS.

Bbi YCBOIllnIll cOAeplKaHllle YPoKa, ecnlll cYMeeTe pacKpblTb cOAeplKaHllle cneAYIO~lIIx

nocrynaToB: 3CTOHIIIR npeAcTaBnReT c060A napnaMeHTapHJlO pecny6nIllKY, RBnRRCb no
roCYASPcTBeHHoMY YCTpoAcTBY BAMHblM Ha~OHanbHblM rocYABPCTBOM. KpoMe 3Toro
He06xoAIIIMO 3HaTb nOPRAoK 11136paHIIIR PIIIArlilKOry III nepe'"leHb OCHOBHblX 38A8'"l, CTOR~IIIX
nepeA napnaMeHToM. n03HaKoMbTecb C cooTBeTcTBYIO~IIIMIII nonolKeHIIIRMIII KOHCTMTYLI....
3CTOHCKOA Pecny6n..KM!

~ BonpOCbl no TeKCyY

• • KeM no KOHCTlllryl.lllllll RBnReTCR HapoA 3CTOHIIIIII, ocy~ecTBnRIO~IIIA rocYASpcTBeHHYIO

BnacTb?

• Pa3bRcHIIITe 1113nolKeHHblA B Y'le6HIIIKe HAean 3CTOHIIIIII KaK Hal.llllOHanbHoro rocYAapcTBa.

• 'iTO TaKoe nlll'"lHblA MaHAaT, OKPYlKHOA MaHAaT, KOMneHca~1II0HHblA MaHAaT

06~erOCYAapCTBeHHoro cnlllCKa?

• nepe'"lIllCnlllTe <l>YHKl.IIIIlII KOMIIICCIIIA PIIIArIllKory.

• 'ieM OTnlll'"laIOTCR O'"lepeAHble cecclIIlII PIIIArlllKory OT BHeO'"lepeAHblX?

BonpOCbl AJlSI 06CYlKAeHMSI

• nO'"leMY Henb3R paCCMaTplIIBaTb BCex npOlKlIIBalO~X B 3CTOHIIIIII Aeecnoc06HblX nlll~,

AOCTlllrWIIIX 18-TIII neT,B Ka'"leCTBe HapoAS,ocy~ecTBnRIO~ero BblCWYIO rOCYAapCTBeHHYIO
enaCTb?

• K KaKIIIM npaKTIII'"leCKIIIM nocneACTBIIIRM nplIIBen 6bl OTKa3 3CTOHIIIIII OT nplllH~lIIna

pa3AeneHIIIR III c6anaHClllpOBaHHOCTIII BnaCTIII?

• KaK Bbi o~eHIIIBaeTe CIIICTeMY pacnpeAeneHIIIR MaHASTOB nplll Bbl60pax B PIIIArIllKory?

Ha30BIIITe ClllnbHble III cna6b1e CTOPOHbI 3TOA CIIICTeMbi.

• nO'"leMY Ha Bbl60pax B PIIIArlllKory Henb3R OrpaHIII'"lIllTbCR nplIIMeHeHllleM oAHoro TonbKO

nplIIH~lIIna ronOCOBaHIIIR 3a OTAenbHblx nlll'"lHOCTeA?

38A8HMSI

• COCTaBbTe nepe'"leHb Mep no coxpaHeHlll1O xapaKTepHblX A/lR Ha~1II0HanbHoro rOCYAapcTBa

'"lepT,KOTopble 3CTOHIIIIII He06xOAIIIMO nplIIHRTb,ecnlll OHa BCrynlllT B EBponeAcKIIIA COI03.

• COCTaBbTe nOBeCTKY AHR O'"lepeAHOrO (BHeO'"lepeAHoro) 3aceAaHIIIR PIIIArIllKory,

paCCMaTplllBalO~ero aKryanbHble A/lR 3CTOHIIIIII BonpOCbl.

70
nSlTb,qECSIT BTOpoA YPOK.
npaBMTenbCTBO Pecny6nMKM, npe3MAeHT Pecny6nMKM, 38KOHO-
52
AaTenbCTBO M CBOA nOCT8HOBneHM~ np8BMTenbCTBa, APyrMe
KOHCTMTYLPtOHHble OpraHbI an8CTM (6.1.4, 6.1.5, 6.1.6, 6.1.7)

npeAblAYl1\l1iii YPOK paCCKa3aJl 0 TOM, KaK OCYl1\eCTBJlReTCR B 3CTOHI111 BbiCWaR

rOCYAaPCTBeHHaR BJlaCTb, HblHeWHl1iii 3HaKOMI1T Y'lal1\I1XCR C <\>YHK4I1RMI1 11 AeRTeJlbHOCTblO
APyrl1x CTPYKTyP rOCYAapCTBeHHOrO ynpaBJleHI1R - npaBI1TeJlbCTBa Pecny6J1I1KI1, npe311AeHTa
Pecny6J1I1KI1 11 AP.

YpOK pa3bRCHReT, nO~eMY npaBI1TeJlbCTBO Ha3blBaeTCR opraH OM McnonHMTenbHoi

rOCYABPCTBeHHOM anaCTM 11 KaKl1e 3aAa'l11 CTORT nepeA HI1M. P"CCMaTpI1BaeTCR TalOKe
BHYTpeHHRR OpraHI13a4l10HHaR CTpYKTYPa MI1HI1CTepCTB. TeKCT Y'le6HI1Ka npl1BOAHT nepe'leHb
CnYJKe6HblX 06R3aHHOCTeM npe3MAeHTa Pecny6nMKM 11 AaeT npeACTaBJleHl1e 06
onl1palOl1\eiiiCR Ha KOHCTI1TY411IO CI1CTeMe npaBOBblX aKTOB,COCTORl1\eiii 113 3aKOHOB, KOAeKCOB,
nOCTaHoaneHMM, paCnOpRlKeHMi 11 APyrnx AOKYMeHTOB BMeCTe C 06l1\eiii xapaKTepl1crnKoiii
KaJlCAOrO rnna AOKYMeHTOB. BHI1MaHl1e YAeJlReTCR TalOKe TOMY, KaKl1e opraHbl CIIeART B
3CTOHCKOiii Pecny6J1I1Ke 3a C06J1IOAeHl1eM 3aKOHHOCrn, KaKYlO pOJlb B 06eCne'leHI1I1 3aKOHHocrn
I1rpalOT K8HlVlep IOCTM,,"M 11 rOCYABPCTBeHHblM KOHTPOnb. He 3a6YAbTe n03HaKOMI1TbCR C
cooTBeTcTBYIOl1\I1MI1 nOJlOlKeHI1RMI1 KOHCTMTY""M 3CTOHCKOM Pecny6nMKM!

BonpOCbl no TeKCTY
~
• KaK <\>opMI1PyeTcR npaBI1TeJlbCTBO Pecny6J1I1KI1? •
• nepe'lI1CJlI1Te MI1HI1CTepCTBa, cYl1\eCTBYIOl1\l1e B 3CTOHI111, 11 OCHOBHble <\>YHK~1111
npaBI1TeJlbCTBa Pecny6J1I1KI1.

• KaKI1M Tpe60BaHI1RM AOJllKeH COOTBeTCTBOBaTb KaHAI1AaT Ha nOCT npe311AeHTa

Pecny6J1I1KI1?

• CKOJlbKO 'lTeHl1iii MOlKeT npoiiiTI1 3aKoHOnpOeKT B Pl1iiirl1Kory? B 'leM CMblCJI KaJlCAOrO

'lTeHI1R?

• YeM 06YCJlOBJleHa CYl1\eCTBeHHaR pOJlb KaH~epa IOCTI1~1111 B lKI13HI1 rOCYAapCTBa?

BonpOCbl AnR 06CYlKAeHMR

• nO'leMY KaHAI1AaT Ha nOCT npeMbep-MI1HI1CTpa AOJllKeH nOJlb30BaTbCR nOA,D,eplKKOiii

60JlbWI1HCTBa 'lJleHOB Pl1iiirl1Kory?

• KaK Bbl nOHI1MaeTe 06R3aHHOCTI1 MI1HI1CTpa? C KeM COTpYAHI1'laeT MI1HI1CTP npl1

I1CnOJlHeHl111 CBOI1X 06R3aHHOCTeiii?

• ECJlI1 nORBI1TCR He06xOAI1MOCTb CPO'lHO 113MeHI1Tb KOHCTI1TY~I1IO, 'ITO HYlKHO AJlR 3TOro
CAeJlaTb? KTO AOJllKeH npeAnpl1HRTb He06xOAI1Mble warl1?

3aAaHMR

• nepe'lI1CJlI1Te AeiiicTBYIOl1\l1e B HaCTORl1\ee BpeMR MI1HI1CTepCTBa 3CTOHCKOiii Pecny6J1I1KI1

11 I1MeHa B03rnaBJlRIOl1\I1X I1X MI1HI1CTpOB. C06epl1Te 60Jlee nOAP06HYlO I1H<\>opMa4l11O 06
OAHOM MI1HI1CTpe (ero JlI1'lHble AaHHble, 'leM OH 3aHI1MaIICR paHbwe, KaK npecca
O~eHI1BaeT ero KaK MI1HI1CTpa 11 T.A.).

• COCTaBbTe 0630P 0 AeRTeJlbHOCTI1 npe311AeHTa Pecny6J1I1KI1 3a nocJleAHl1iii MecR~,

Onl1paRCb Ha AaHHble cpeAcTB MaccOBoiii I1H<\>opMa~l1l1.

71
 nRTbAECRT TPETMM YPOK.
53 rocYAapcTBeHHo-non ..TM'feCKOe YCYPOMCTBO naTB..... n ..TBbI .. WBeq....
(6.2, 6.3. 6.4)

KSK OTMe'lSnOCb S HS'ISne wecToiii TeMbI, USY'/eHue HS OAHOM YPOKe npo6neM

roCYAspCTseHHoro U nOnUTU'IeCKOrO YCTpoiiicTSS nSTSUU, nUTSbi U Wse/..luu npeAcTssnReT
co6oiii OAUH us SOSMO)/(HbiX SSPUSHTOS. Ecnu Y'/UTenb OTAseT npeAnO'ITeHUe TSKOMY nOAXOAY,
eMY cne,llyeT npu nOArOTOSKe SSHRTUR 06PSTUTb SHUMSHue HS TO, 'ITO S Wse/..lUU OTcyrcTsyeT
KOHCTUTY/..IUR S npusbI'IHoiii ARR HSC QJopMe. C npUMepOM Wse/..luu cneAossno 6b1
n03HSKOMUTbCR no6nu)/(e, nOCKonbKY Y'/e6HUK He PSCKpblsseT nOAo6Hble cnY'/su 60nee
OCHOSSTenbHO. l..lenecoo6pSSHO nopY'/UTb OAHOMY us Y'/Sl/..IUXCR COCTSSUTb o6sop 0
KOHCTUTY/..IUOHHblX SSKOHOASTenbHblX SKTSX Wse/..lUu. Ecnu Heo6xOAUMSR ARR SToro
UHQJOPMS/..IUR He,lIOCT}'flHS Y'/Sl/..IUMCR, )/(enSTenbHO, '1To6b1 Y'/UTenb OCTSHosunCR HS STOM
sonpoce 60nee nOAPo6HO.

rOCYASpcTBeHHo-nOIWITI1'leCKOe YCTPO~CTBO 611l1lKa~wl1x K aCTOHl111 coceAHI1X cTpaH

npeACTaBI1ReT AIlR Hac OC06bl~ I1HTepec. C OAHO~ CTOPOHbl, flaTBI1R 11 fll1TBa HaxOARTCR B
npOl\ecce CTpOI1Tel1bCTBa nOCTCOl\l1anI1CTWleCKoro rocYASpCTBa B npl1MepHO TaKOM lKe
n0l10lKeHI111 KaK aCTOHI1R. TeM He MeHee,I1X Cl1ryal\l1R BO MHorOM OTllI1'laeTCR OT Hawe~ - XOTR
6bl no TaKI1M nOKa3aTel1RM, KaK 'lI1Cl1eHHOCTb HaCel1eHI1R, ero Hal\110HanbHbl~ COCTaB,
3KOHOMI1'leCKOe n0l10lKeHI1e 11 T.A. IiIMeeT 1111 rOCYASpCTBeHHO-nOI1I1TI1'leCKOe YCTPO~CTBO
flaTB1111 11 fll1TBbl 061/..111e 'lepTbi C aCTOHl1e~? B 'leM 3aKllIO'lSIOTCR OCHOBHble pa31111'lI1R?
HaKOnl1l111 1111 HaWI1 IOlKHble coceAI1 onblT,KoTOPbl~ Cl1eAOBanO 6bl Y'leCTb aCTOHI1I1?

Cl1ryal\I1R WBel\1111 B KopHe OTI1I1'laeTCR OT n0l10lKeHI1R B nOCTCOl\l1aI1I1CTI1'leCKI1X

rocYAapcTBax. 3AeCb AeMOKpaTI1R I1MeeT AaBHl1e I1CTOpl1'leCKl1e TPBAI1 l\11 11 , 061/..1eCTBO
xapaKTepl13yeTcR BbICOKO~ TOl1epaHTHocTblO no OTHOWeHl11O K oKPYlKalOl/..Il1M 11 T .A.
Cnoc06cTByeT 1111 rocYAapcTBeHHO-nOI1I1TI1'leCKOe YCTPO~CTBO AOCTl1lKeHl11O TaKoro YPOBHR
061/..1eCTBeHHoro pa3BI1TI1R? MOlKHO 1111 BblAel1l1Tb B WBel\l111, B 061/..1eCTBe C AaBHI1MI1
TPBAl1l\11RMI1 AeMoKpaTI111, KaKl1e-TO npl1Hl\l1nl1anbHble oco6eHHoCTI1 B rocYAapcTBeHHo-
nOI1I1TI1'leCKOM YCTpO~CTBe no cpaBHeHl110 C rocYASpcTBaMl1, KOTopble I1I1Wb HeAaBHo
npl1crynl1l1l1 K nOCTpOBHl11O AeMOKpaTI1'leCKOrO 06I/..1eCTBa?

~ BonpOCbl no TeKCTY

• • KaKl1e OTI1I1'lI1R npORBI1RIOTCR B cTaryce npe311AeHToB flaTB1111 11 fll1TBbl?

• "IeM OTI1I1'laIOTCR KOHCTI1ryl\l10HHblB 3aKOHOAaTel1bHble aKTbl WBel\1111 OT npl1BbI'lHblX

KOHCTl1ryl\l1~ APyrl1x rocYASpcTB?

BonpOCbl AnR 06CYlKAeH ..R

• KaKoe npl1Hl\l1nl1anbHOB OTI1I1'lI1B B HBASBHeM npOWI10M flaTB1111 11 fll1TBbl 06YCI10BI1110
onpeAel1eHHble pa31111'lI1R B COBpeMeHHO~ nOI1I1T11'leCKO~ lKI13HI1 3TI1X rOCYAapcTB?

• nOpaCCYlKAS~Te Ha TeMY: ·CYl/..leCTBOBaHl1e MOHapXl111 B WBel\1111 B KOHl\e xx BeKa - He

aHaxpOHI13M 1111 3TO?"

38A8H ..R

• COCTaBbTB cpaBHeHl1e nOI1I1T11'leCKI1X napTI1~ flaTBI111, fll1TBbI 111111 WBel\l1l1 Ha WKane

npaBO~-l1eBO~ HanpaBl1eHHOCTI1.

• COCTaBbTB KpaTKI1~ 0630P KOHCTI1TYl\110HHblX aKTOB WBel\l1l1.

• COCTaBbTB KpaTKylO I1H¢OpMal\l1lO 0 KOPOI1B 111111 KOpOl1eBCKO~ CBMbB WBBl\I1I1.

72
nSiTbAECSIT 'tETBEPTbiA YPOK.
rOCYA8pCTBeHHO-nOnMTM'teCKOe YCTPOMCTBO CDeAepaTMBHOM Pecny6- 54
nMKM repMaHMM M COeAMHeHHblx WTaTOB AMepMKM (6.4, 6.5)

XOTSI ilCTOPilR iI cerOAHRWHilll AeHb Cl>eAepaTilBHoll Pecny6nilKiI repMaHiIiI iI CoeAHHeHH.bIX

WTaTOB AMepilKiI 3Ha'lilTenbHO OTnil'laIOTCR APyr OT APyra, y 3TilX rOCYABPCTB eCTb QAHa
06~aR xapaKTepilCTilKa rOCYAapCTBeHHo-nOnilTiI'IeCKOrO YCTpollcTBa - 06a RBnRIOTCR
<!>eAepaTilBHblMiI rOCYAapCTBaMI-I. CneAYIO~illl YPOK ABeT npeACTaeneHl-le 0 TOM, B KaKoll
CTeneHI-I ABa <!>eAepaTilBHblX rocYABPCTBa MOryT nOXOAHTb APyr Ha APyra I-Inl-l OTnil'laTbCR
OAI-IH OT APyroro. 1i13Y'll-lB MaTepl-lan 3TOro YPOKa, Bbl B 06~I-IX '1epTax Y3HaeTe TalOKe, KaKoll
CTeneHblO caMOCTORTenbHOCTI-I 06nSAalOT 3eMiliI 1-1 WTaTbi 3TilX rOCYABPCTB B ynpaBneHI-II-I
CBOilMI-I AenaMI-I. (BeAb HaM 1-13BeCTHO 1-13 aMepI-IKaHCKI-IX <!>I-InbMOB, 'ITO 3aKOHbI pa3nil'lHbIX
WTaTOB I-IHOrAB paCXOARTCR B TaKoll CTeneHI-I, 'ITO HeKOTopble AellcTBI-IR C'II-ITaIOTCR B OAHI-IX
wTaTax yronoBHblM npeCTYnneHl-leM, a B APyrilx HeT. B TaKOM cnY'lae nl-lllO, KOTopoe
COBepWl-lnO TaKoe AeRHl-le B OAHOM WTaTe,MOlKeT CKpblBaTbCR OT npaBOCYAI-IR B APyrOM.)

CTpYKTYpa 1-1 <!>YHKllill-l 3aKOHOAaTenbHoll rOCYABPCTBeHHoll BnaCTI-I 3TI-IX CTpaH AOCTaTO'lHO

cnOlKHbl. HenpOCTO YCBOI-ITb 1-1 pa3Aen Y'le6HOrO MaTepl-lana, nOCBR~eHHblll npolleAype
Ha3Ha'leHilR Ha AonlKHOCTb BblCWilX rOCYAapCTBeHHblX cnYlKa~I-Ix iI Tpe60BaHI-IRM K I-IX
KOMneTeHllill-l. n03TOMY YCBOeHl-le 3TOro MaTepl-lana Tpe6yeT cocpeAOTO'leHHOrO BHI-IMaHilR
'1i1TaTenell.

BonpOCbl no TeKCTY
• KaKile OCHOBHble pa3nl-l'll-lR cy~ecTBylOT MelKAY ABYMR
napnaMeHTa repMaHilI-I - 6YHAeCTarOM iI 6YHAeCpaTOM?
nanaTaMiI <!>eAepanbHoro·
->•
• 'leM OTnil'laeTCR KOMneTeHll"'R napnaMeHTOB 3eMenb (naHATarOB) OT KOMneTeHllill-l
<!>eAepanbHoro napnaMeHTa?

• nepe'll-lCnl-lTe OCHOBHble pa3nil'll-lR MelKAY nanaToll npeACTaBI-ITenell 1-1 CeHaTOM

KOHrpecca CWA.

• AallTe KOPOTKYIO xapaKTepilCTI-IKY nonOlKeHilR OCHOBHblX nOnl-lTI-I'IeCKI-IX napTI-I1l Cl>pr

(KaKl-le napTiIiI RBnRIOTCR BeAy~I-IMI-I, KaKI-IM Bnl-lRHl-leM OHiI nonb3YlOTcR B 06~eCTBe).

• AallTe KOPOTKYIO xapaKTepI-ICTilKY nOnOlKeHI-IR OCHOBHblX nOnl-lTiI'IeCKI-IX napTI-I1l CWA

(KaKl-le napTl-liI RBnRIOTCR BeAy~ilMI-I,KaKilM Bnl-lRHl-leM OHI-I nonb3YlOTcR B 06~eCTBe).

BonpocbI AIlS! 06CYlKAeHMS!

• KaKoll I-ICTOpI-I'leCKI-I1l on biT 6bln Y'lTeH B npOllecce nOAroToBKI-I KOHCTI-ITYll"'I-I repMaHl-liI
1949-ro roAa?

• CpaBHI-ITe ponb 1-1 KOMneTeHll"'1O 6YHAeCKaHllnepa Cl>pr 1-1 npe31-1AeHTa CWA.

• KaKile paanil'll-lR npOCMaTpI-IBaIOTCR B napTI-IIlHO-nOnl-lTiI'leCKOM nOnOlKeHI-II-I B Cl>pr 1-1 B

CWA?

38AaHMe
• CocTaBbTe KpaTKI-I1l 0630P 0 npeAbiCTopill-l npilHRTI-IR KOHCTI-ITYlll-lil CWA I-lil-lnil Cl>pr.
KaKilM Bbl C'll-lTaeTe B03AellcTBl-le I-ICTOpI-I'leCKOIl cI-ITYall"'I-I Ha cOAeplKaHilB arnx
KOHCTilTYllilll?

73
 nRTbAECRT nRTblA YPOK. .
55 Pe310Me no BonpOC8M ..CTOp.... non ..T.. lfeCK..X TelfeH .. M XIX-XX BeKOB ..
rocYA8pcTBeHHo-non ..T..lfecKoro YCTPOMCTB8 B COBpeMeHHOM M .. pe.

UTorOBblH YPOK MO)l(HO npOBeCTI1 B npOCTOH cpopMe KOHTPORR yCBOeHI1R 3HaHI1H -

Hanpl1Mep. HOBbiX nOHRTI1H. Onl1paRCb Ha npoi'i,aeHHblH MaTepI1Bn. }'4aUll1eCR MOryr TalOKe
Hanl1CaTb pa3RI1~Hble 0630pHble coo6UleHI1R. Hanpl1Mep Ha TeMY B03HI1KHOBeHI1R 11 pa3BI1TI1R
RI16epBnl13Ma (I1RI1 KOHCepBaTI13Ma I1RI1 CO~I1BnI13Ma) B KOHKPeTHOM rocyp,apcTBe B xx
BeKe.

B 3aBI1CI1MOCTI1 OT cnoco6HOCTeH }'4aUlI1XCR MO)l(HO TalOKe npe,o,YCMOTpeTb Hanl1CaHl1e B

KIIacce 3cce. Tpe6ylOUlero TBop~eCKoro nop,xop,a. B 3TI1X 3cce MO)l(HO npOaHBnl1311pOBaTb
B03MO)l(Hbie C~eHapl1l1 o6UleCTBeHHoro pa3BI1TI1R :3CTOHI1I1. naTB1111 11 nl1TBbI. eCRI1 6b1 nOCRe
BOCCTaHOBneHI1R rocyp,apcTBeHHOH He3aBI1CI1MOCTI1 BnaCTb nepeWRa B pyKI1 CO~I1BnI1CTOB.
RI16epBnOB I1RI1 KOHcepBaTopOB. TaKoH aHBnl13 MO)l(HO npOBeCTI1 11 B cpopMe rpynnoBoH
pa60TbI.

74
MECTHblE CAMOynPABnEHHSI

MeCTHbie cBMoynpBaneHHR nOn)"mnH B03MO)l(HOCTb 3BHRTb HX eCTeCTBeHHOe nOnO)l(eHHe B

7
)l(H3HH 061L1eCTBB nHWb nocne BOCCTBHOaneHHR rocy.qBpCTBeHHoi'l He3BBHCHMOCTif. B8.Qb
PBi'lOHbI, rOpO.qCKHe H CenbCKHe COBeTbi nepHO.qB COBeTcKoi'l BnBCTH no cBoei'l cym He
RanRnHCb MeCTHblMH cBMoynpBaneHHRMH B HCTHHHOM CMblcne cnOBB. nonHTWleCKHe CWlbI
3CTOHHH elLle He .qo6HnHCb OKOH'IBTBnbHOrO KOHceHCYCB B Bonpocax opraHH3BLlHH MecTHoro
CBMoynpBaneHHR - .qon)l(HO OHO OCYlLleCTanRTbCR HB O.qHOM ypOBHe HnH HB .qBYX YPOBHRX,
KBKHe npo6neMbi .qon)l(Hbi 6b1Tb OCTBaneHbI B KOMneTeHLlHH rocy.qBpCTBB, KBKHe - B
KOMneTeHLlHH oprBHOB MeCTHoro CBMoynpBaneHHR.

HBCTORILIBR TeMB np8.QOCTBanReT Y'lBILIHMCR nepBYIO B03MO)l(HOCTb n03HBKOMHTbCR C

npo6neMBTHKoi'l MecTHoro CBMoynpBaneHHR, KOTOPBR HMeeT CYlLleCTBeHHoe 3HB'IeHHe AnR
3CTOHHH HB nyrH nOCTpoeHHR rpBJK,D.BHCKOro 06IL1eCTBB. fllO.qH .qon)l(Hbi nOHHMBTb CYILIHOCTb
MecTHoro cBMoynpBaneHHR H B3BHMOOTHoweHHR rocy.qBpCTBeHHoi'l H MecTHoi'l anBCTIf, KBK H
XBpBKTep CBOHX OTHoweHHi'I C MeCTHbiM cBMoynpBaneHHeM H rocy.qBpCTBOM . .

TeMY MO)l(HO PBCCMOTpeTb 3B .qBB YPOKB, nOCBRTHB nepBbli'I H3Y'1eHHIO PB3BHTlfR MeCTHbiX
cBMoynpBaneHHi'I H HX 061L1HX npo6neM,COCp8.QOTO'lHB HB BTOPOM YPOKe aK7}'BllbHble BonpOCbI
caMoynpaaneHHi'I 3CTOHHH.

nSlTbp,ECSIT WECTOM YPOK.

Pa3BMTMe MeCTHblX caMoynpaaneHMM, MX CMCTeMbl (7.1)
56

CneAR 3a TeK)'UIei1I<1Hcj>opMal.\l1ei1,MolKHo 3aMeTI<ITb,'lTO HepeAKO HOBOCTI<I rOBOpSIT 0 Aenax 1<1

npo6neMax MeCTHblX caMoynpaBneHI<li1. XapaKTepHO, 'ITO npl<I 3TOM 'laCTO Ha6J11oABeTCR
npOTl<lBOnOCTaBJ1eHl<le caMoynpaBneHI<li1 1<1 rOCYABPCTBa - yreeplKABeTCR, 'ITO rocYABPCTBO He
npeAOCTaBnReT MeCTHblM caMoynpaBJ1eHI<IRM AOCTaTO'lHbIX nOnHOMO'lI<li1 1<1 He 06eCne'lI<lBaeT I<IM
AOCTaTO'lHoi1 cj>I<IHaHcOBOi1 nOAAeplKKl<I, nblTaRCb B TO lKe BpeMR nepenOlKl<ITb Ha nne'll<l
caMoynpaBneHI<li1 peLUeHI<I8 cnOlKHblX C04l'lBJ1bHbIX npo6n8M, HaKonl<lBLUI<IXCR 3a H8CKonbKO
A8CRTl<lneTI<li1. HaKaHYH8 Bbl6opOB B C06paHI<IR M8CTHbiX caMoynpaBn8HI<li1 Ha6nlOABeTCR
3aM8THbli1 POCT aKTI<IBHOCTI<I cpeAi'! nOnl<lTI<IKOB - MHOrl<le 1<13 HI<IX 6BJ1nOTI<IPYIOTCR Ha M8CTHbiX
Bbl60pax 1<1 CTP8MRTCR CTaTb'ln8HaMI<I C06paHI<IR MeCTHOrO caMoynpaBn8HI<IR. "lTO np8ACTaBnR8T
co6oi1 MeCTHoe caMoynpaBn8Hl<le? KaKOBbl era OTHOLU8HI<IR C rOCYABPCTBeHHblM annapaTOM 1<1 C
HaCen8Hl<leM? nO'IeMY nlOAI<I CTP8MRTCR 6blTb 1<136paHHblMI<I B COCTaB C06paHI<IR MeCTHoro
caMoynpaBneHI<IR? OTBeTbl Ha 3TI<I BonpOCbl Bbl nOnY'lI<lTe Ha YPOKe.

OCHOBHoe COAeplKaHl<le MaTepl<IBJ1a YCBoeHO, ecnl<l Bbi 3Ha8T8, 'ITO TaK08 MeCTHOe
caMoynpaaneHMe Ha OAHOM YPOBHe, MHoroypOBHeBoe MeCTHoe c8MoynpaaneHMe,
pemOH8J1bH8R nonMTMK8.

BonpoCbl no TeKCTY
~
• nO'IeMY B nepBo6blTHYIO 3noxy 1<1 B ApeBHOCTI<I He 6blno Heo6xOAI<IMOCTI<I B MeCTHOM
caMoynpaBneHI<II<I?
•
• KaKl<le 06cToRTenbcTBa cnoco6CTBOBBJ11<1 B XIX BeKe nORBneHl<l1O I<IHCTI<ITYTOB
caMoynpaBn8HI<IR?

• Ha30BI<ITe OCHOBHOi1 npl<l3HaK caMoynpaBneHI<IR?

• KaK ocy~ecTBnR8TcR PYKOBOACTBO caMoynpaBneHI<IRMI<I?

• KaKl<le cj>YHKLlI<II<I caMoynpaBJ1eHI<IR 06bl'lHO BblnonHRIOT?

75
 BonpOCbl AIIR 06CYlKAeHMR
• KaKI1B 06CT05lTBI1bCTBa OnpBABI151IOT n0l10lKBHI1B MBCTHblX caMoynpaBI1BHI1H B
rOCYABPCTBB?

• CpaBHI1TB caMoynpaBI1BHI151 HBKOTOPblX aapy6BlKHblX rOCYAapCTB 11 BblABl1l1TB OCHOBHblB

pa31111'l1151 MBlKAY HI1MI1.

38AaHMe
• COCTaBbTB Onl1CaHI1B Bo06paJKaBMOrO MBCTHOrO caMoynpaBI1BHI151 (HanpI1Mep, KaKOH'
HI16YAb B0I10CTI1): KaKl1e BOnpOCbl 6bll111 6bl B KOMnBTeHl..!I111 CaMOH MBCTHOH Bl1aCTI1,
KaKI1B np0611BMbi PBWBIlO 6bl rOCYABPCTBO, KaKOBbl 6bll111 6bl I1CTO'lHI1KI1 AOXOAOB
MBCTHOrO caMoynpaBl1eHI151 11 Ha 'ITO 3TI1 CpBACTBa paCXOAOBBIlI1Cb 6b1, KaKI1B npaBl1l1a
nOBBAeHI151 CI1BAOBBIlO 6b1 YCTaHOBI1Tb B AOnOI1HBHI1B K 3aKOHaM, ABHCTBylO~I1M Ha
TBPPI1TOpl111 BCBrO rOCYABPCTBa 11 T .A.

57 nRTb,Q,ECRT CEAbMOA YPOK.

MeCTHoe caMoynpaBneHMe B 3CTOHMM. ApyrMe CPOPMbl caMoyn-
paBneHMR (7.2, 7.3)

Ha 3TOT YPOK MO)l(HO npHrl1aCHTb S rOCTH .o.eRTenR opraHa MeCTHoro caMoynpaaneHHR.

Henocpe.o,cTseHHbliii KOHTBKT c '1enOSeKOM, KOTOPbliii SHaeT pa60ry H npo6neMbi MeCTHoro
caMoynpasneHHR He nOHacnblwKe H KOTOPbliii MO)l(eT paCCKasaTb 0 TOM,KaK OH CT8J1.o.eRTeneM
MeCTHoro caMoynpasneHHR, MO)l(eT CblrpaTb 60nbWYlO ponb ,CJ,nR yrO'lHeHHR )l(HSHeHHblX
nepcneKTHs npe.o.CTasHTeneiii Mono.o.oro nOKoneHHR.
XOT5I B COBeTCKOH 3CTOHI111 HB cy~ecTBoBBIlO MeCTHblX C8MoynpaBlleHI1H B TPBAI1~110HHOH
<l>opMe,XapaKTepHOH AI151 AeMOKpaTI1'leCKOrO 06~eCTBa,3TO OTHIOAb HB 3Ha'lI1T, 'ITO B 3CTOHI111
OTCyTCTBYBT TPBAI1~I151 caMoynpaBI1BHI151. YpOK paCCKalKeT 06 I1CTOPI1I1 11 cOBpeMBHHoH
CI1CTBMB opraHOB MBCTHoro caMoynpaBI1BHI151 B HaweH CTpaHB.

B 3CTOHI111 HaC'lI1TbIBaBTC5I 60l1eB 250 MBCTHblX C8MOynpaBllBHI1H, B opraHax KOTOPblX pa60TaBT

3Ha'll1TBl1bHOB KOI1I1'lBCTBO I1IOAeH. BnOllHB BBposITHO,'lTO 11 cpeAl1 BaC BCTb I1IOAI1, KOTopble 6YAyT
pa60TaTb B opraHax MBCTHOrO C8MoynpaBlleHI151. n03TOMY 3HaHI151 06 OCHOBax CI1CTeMbl
caMoynpaBlleHI151 B 3CTOHI111 npl1rOA5lTC5I Y'l8~MC5I. OCHOBHblB nOH5ITI151 3Toro YPOKa AOCTaTO'lHO
113BBCTHbi 11 OTHOCI1TBl1bHO 3HaKOMbl: 1IOJI0000, IIOJIOCTHOM CT8peMWMH8, ropoA, Map roPOAll,
co6paHMe MecTHOro C8MoynpaaneHMR, Ye3AHaR ynpaaa, KYnbTYPHoe C8MoynpaaneHMe.

~ BonpOCbl no TeKCTY
• • 3HaBTB 1111 Bbl npol1CXOlKAeHl1e nOH5ITI151 "B0I10CTb"?

• KorAB HapoA 3CTOHI111 npl106pel1 nepBblH onblT caMoynpaBI1BHI151?

• KaK 113MeHI111aCb CI1CTBMa MeCTHoro caMoynpaBl1eHI151 B 3CTOHI111 B 1918 • 1940 rOAax?

• CKOl1bKO YPOBHBH HaC'lI1TbIBaeT HblHB ABHcTBylO~a51 B 3CTOHI111 CI1CTBMa

caMoynpaBllBHI151?

• nBpB'lI1CI1I1TB <l>YHK~1111 C06paHI151 MBCTHoro caMoynpaBI1BHI151.

• KaKI1B np0611BMbI pBwaBT ropoAcKa51 111111 B0I10CTHa51 ynpaBa?

• Pa3b5lCHI1TB npl1Hl..!I1n KYl1bTYpHOrO caMoynpaBI1BHI151.

• KaKI1B Cy~BCTByIOT <l>OPMbI HBTBPPI1TOpl18J1bHOrO C8MoynpaBI1BHI151?

76
BonpOCbl AIIR 06CYlKAeHMR

• nO'leMY Ha Bbl60pax B C06paHHR MBCTHbIX caMoynpaaneHHH HerpalK,QaHe nonb3YKJTCR

aKTHBHblM H36HpaTenbHbiM npaeOM,HO He 06naAaKlT naCCHBHblM H36HpaTBnbHblM npaSOM?

• KaKHe H3MeHeHHR npOH30wnH B 3CTOHHH C nepeXOAOM K caMoynpaBneHHIO,

OCYI.l\eCTBnReMOMY Ha AByx YPOBHRX?

• nO~eMY npaBO C03AaHHR opraHOB KYnbTYpHOrO caMoynpaeneHHR orpaHH~eHO PRAOM

ycnoBHH 1'1 He npeAOCTaBnReTCR aBTOMaTH~eCKH,HanpHMep rpynne,cocTOR~eH 1'13 38
HMMHrpaHToB 1'13 naparBaR?

• COCTaBbTe nepe~eHb OCHOBHblX npHHLlHnOB KynbTYpHOrO caMoynpaBneHHR AnR

Boo6paJKaeMOH HaLlHOHMbHOH rpynnbl - KaKHMH npaBaMH,CBo6oAaMH 1'1 B03MOlKHOCTRMH
3Ta HaLlHOHMbHaR rpynna 06naAaeT,KTO 1'1 KaKHM 06pa30M C03AaeT eH ycnoBHR AnR
OCYI.l\eCTBneHHR KYnbTYpHOrO caMoynpaBneHHR?

77
 TeM8 np8S8 - OAH8 H3 H8H60nee eMKHX S Y'le6HHKe. 06bRCHReTCR 3TO .npOCTO - 0 APyrnx
B8XCHeifwHX c¢epax 6YA~eif C8MOCTORTBnbHOif )l(H3HH (s TOM ~Hcne 06 3KOHOMHKe, ceMbe H
T.A.) Y'l8~HeCR Y3H8IOT, H3Y'18R APyrne npep.MeTbI, S TO speMR K8K ~pe3SbI~8HHO S8)I(HbiM
sonpOC8M np8sa He YABnReT SHHMaHHR HH OAHH npep,MeT,Iq)OMe 06~eCTsoseAeHHR. BMeCTe
C TeM K8X(QOMY ~BnOseKY )l(H3HeHHO He06xOAHMO 3HaTb CSOH npasa H S03MO)l(HOCTH S
06n8CTH IOpIII,CIH~eCKHX np06neM.

Ha K8KHe nOATeMbi Lleneco06pa3HO pa3,qenHTb MaTepHBn 3TOH TeMbI? t/OCTaTO~HO MHoro

SHHMaHHR YABnReTCR HCTOPHH npasa - Sep,b A8)I(e Ha YPOKax HCTOPHH 3TH np06neMbi He
paClq)blSBnHCb TBK, ~T06b1 Y Y'la~HXCR cnO)lCHnOCb Hc~epnblsalO~ee npeACTBBneHHe 0 HHX.
aro npep,nonarseT nOAP06HOe 3HaKOMCTSO C HCTopHeH npasa. Y~a~HecR Y3HaIOT, ~TO npaso
npep,CTBsnReT c060if OAHY H3 HaH60nee cy~ecTseHHblx 06naCTeif HCTOPHH ~BnOSe~eCTsa, C
KOTOpOa TeCHO S3aHMOCSR3aHO sce OCTBnbHoe. BTOPYIO caMOCTORTenbHYIO COCTaSHYIO ~aCTb
06p83yeT H3Y'1eHHe npaSOSOH CHCTeMbi cospeMeHHOa 3CTOHHH, a TpeTblO - 3HaKOMCTSO C
oprsHaMH IOCTHLlHH.

BeCb 3TOT MaTepHBn H3nO)l(eH S Y'le6HHKe seCbMa OCHosaTenbHO. Y~HTBnIO He06xOAHMO

peWHTb, CKonbKO YPOKOS OTSeCTH H8 paCCMorpeHHe SOCbMOH TeMbi. OTseT Ha nocT8sneHHblH
sonpoc 38SHCHT SO MHorOM OT Toro, orpaHH~HTCR nH Y'lHTenb H3nO)l(eHHeM MaTepHBna
Y'le6HHK8 HnH )l(e socnOnb3yeTcR Ha ypOKe H AonOnHHTBnbHOH HHC/JopMaLlHeH. B03MO)l(HOCTH
AnR 3TOro HMelOTCR S P8MKax scex Tpex HassaHHblx nOATeM.

PaCCMOTpeHHIO 3THH TeMbi nY'lwe OTSeCTH MaKCHMBnbHO S03MO)l(HOe KonH~eCTSO YPOKOS:

AS8 - HCTOPHH npasa,Asa - 38KOHOABTBnbCTSY H npaSOSoa CHCTeMe cospeMeHHOH 3CTOHHH,
OAHH - sonpocaM 3a~HTbI npasonOPRAKa H OAHH YPOK nOCSRTHTb nOAsep,eHHIO HTOroS.

58 i'iI$lIl'~IEC$lIl' ISOCIbMOriiJ lfI?OC<.

filpalBo IB lIlepIBo51b1TIIIlfllO anoltl,f. i?IYiIMCCCOe "palBo (8.11. 8.2)

Xom MaTepHBn YPOKa COAep)l(HT MHoro HOSOa HHC/JopMaLlHH, OCHOSHoe SHHMaHHe

AHCKYCCHH nY'lwe COCpep,OTO~HTb Ha npH~HHax nORsneHHR 3aKOHOS H He06xOAHMOCTH
cy~ecTsosaHHR saKOHOS. Y~a~HecR YCSORT He06xOAHMOCTb 38KOHOS ny~we, ecnH
paCCMOTpeTb np06neMY S HCTopH~ecKOM passHTHH - KaKHe 06cTORTenbCTsa Sbl3SBnH
nOTpe6HOCTb S onpep,eneHHblx npasosblx HOPMax, KaKOS 6b1n xapaKTep paHHHX 3aKOHOS?

ASTOPbl Y'le6HHKa CCbln810TCR Ha COAep)l(a~HeCR S 5H6nHH IOpHAH~eCKHe npep,CTasneHHR H

nonO)l(eHHR npasa npownblx speMeH. npH nOAroTOsKe YPOKa Y'lHTenb MO)l(eT nonb30saTbCR
BerxHM H HosbiM 3aseToM KaK AOCrynHblM H 3acn}?KHSalO~HM SHHMaHHR HCTO~HHKOM.

IOpHcnpYAeHIIHR npeACTaBI1ReT c060~ OAHY H3 BaJI(He~WHX OCHOB AeMOKpaTH~eCKoro

o15LL1eCTBeHHoro YCTpO~CTBa. HaM TpYAHO npeACTaBHTb CBOIO lKH3Hb B YCI10BHRX 6ecnpaBHR.
CerOAHR npBcrynHocTb AOCTHrIla B 3CTOHHH KaTaCTpOcj>H'leCKOrO YPOBHR, XOTR Y Hac
AsilCTBYIOT 3aKOHbI, 3a COBepWBHHe npecrynl1eHH~ npBAYCMOTpeHbl HaKa3aHHR, pa60TalOT
nOI1HLlHR H CYA. Ha 3apB HCTOPHH 'lBI10Be'leCTBO 06XOAHI10Cb 6e3 3aKOHOB. TeM He MeHee
I1IOAH Ha'l8J1H oLLlYLLlaTb co BpBMBHeM nOTpe6HOCTb B onpeAel1eHHblX peryl1RTHBHblX
n0I10lKBHHRX, YCTaHaBI1HBalOLLlHx npH3HaHHbie 06LL1eCTBOM nOHRTHR A06pa H 311a.

3HaHHR 0 rBHB3HCB H pa3BHTHH npaBa Ha paHHHx 3Tanax rocYABPCTBeHHocTH Kpa~He

HB06xOAHMbi A/lR nOHHMaHHR COBPBMBHHO~ lKH3HH. 3TH 3HaHHR paCKpblBalOT 'lpe3Bbl~a~Hoe
3Ha'lBHHe Ccj>BPbl npaBa A/lR '1eI10Be'leCTBa B IIBI10M H n03B0l1RIOT nOCTHrHYTb POl1b
IOpHcnPYABHLlHH B HaWH AHH.

Ha YPOKS Bbl YCBOHTB CJ1eAyIOLLlHB 3HaHHR H npeACTaBl1eHHR: 'ITO TaKoe npaBO 06b1'1aeB,KaK
nORBHI1HCb nl'lllCbM8HHbl8 aaa:OHbI,KBKOB MeCTO B IOpHcnpYAeHLlHH 3aHHMaeT PrliMCa:oe npaBO,
'ITO npeACTBBJ1RIOT c060~ rpllXCAllHCa:oe npaBO, ny6nl'lll'lHoe npaBO H '1aCTHoe npaBO.

78
 ~
BonpocbI no TeKCTY
• '"lTO HOBoro nOSlBl'IllOCb B CcjlBPB npaBa B nBpl'IOA cjlopMl'lpOBaHI'ISI nBpBblX rOCYABPCTB?

• Ha30BI'ITB APBBHBi1WI'IB 1'13BBCTHbiB naMSlTHI'IKI'I I'ICTOPI'II'I npaBa.

•
• KTO TBOPl'Ill 3aKOHbI B APBBHBM PI'IMB?

• KaK)'1O POllb CblrpBll B pa3BI'ITI'II'I npaBa I'IMnBpaTOp PI'IMa IOCTI'IHl'laH?

• YlKB B ApeBHeM PI'IMB Ha'lBllI'I npOBOAI'ITb 'lBTKOB pa3111'l'lI'lB MBlKAY ABYMSI OTPaCllSlMI'I
npaBa - KaKI'IMI'I?

BonpOCbl AIIR 06CYlKAeHMR

• npOAOlllKalOT 111'1 cerOAHSI CY~BCTBOBaTb 311BMeHTbl npaBa 06b1'laBB?

• '"lTO 06YCllOBI'I1l0 cjlopMl'lpOBaHI'IB B APBBHBM PI'IMB AByx npaBOBblX CI'ICTBM - OAHOi1 AllSl
rpBJKABH PI'IMa 1'1 APyroi1 AllSl HBrpBJKABH?

38AaH .. R
• n03HaKOMbTeCb C nOllOlKBHI'ISlMI'I npaBa, COABplKa~I'IMI'ICSI B nSlToi1 KHl'lrB MOI'ICBSI 1'1
nOCTapai1Tecb AaTb onl'lCaHI'IB lKI'I3HI'I TOro BPBMBHI'I, KOTopaSl perylll'lpOBBllaCb 3T1'1MI'I
3aKOHaMI'I.

nSiTbAECSIT AEBSlTblfi YPOK. 59

npaBOBaR C.. CTeMa KOHTMHeHTanbHOM EBponbl. OTpacnM npaBa.
Pa3B..T..e npaBOBOM C..CTeMbl 3CTOH .... (8.3, 8.4, 8.6)

BElJKHeHW"'H sonpoc YPOK8 - 3H8KOMCTBO C OTp8cnflM'" np8S8. Ero YCBoeH"'1O He06xo,o,"'MO

y,o,en"'Tb CTonbKO BH"'M8H"'fI, 'lT06b1 Y Y'l8U4"'XCfI nOflBWl8Cb 6838 p,nfl CllBlWIOU4ero YPOK8, H8
KOTOPOM 6y,o,yr P8ccMoTpeHbI np06neMbi np8B8 np"'MeH"'TenbHO K cospeMeHHOH :3CTOH"''''.
M8Tep"'Bll 06 "'CTOP"'''' np8sa H8 Tepp"'TOp"'", :3CTOH"'''' MO)l(HO P8CCMOTpeTb B K8'1eCTBe
,o,ononHeH"'fI, ",60 OH co,o,ep)l("'T n"'Wb ",cTOp"''IecKYIO "'HCPOPM8~"'IO, 8 He HOBoe 3H8H"'e no
sonpOC8M np8B8.

EClll'I Ha npeAblAy~eM 3aHSlTI'II'I y'la~l'IecSI n03HaKOMI'I1lI'ICb C OCHOBHblMI'I 'lepTaMI'I

PI'IMCKOrO npaBa, TO 3TOT ypOK nOCBSI~eH 1'13yYeHl'lIO pa3BI'ITI'ISI npaBa B 6011ee n03AHI'li1
nepl'IOA. Pa3BI'ITl'le 06~eCTBa COnpOBOlKABllOCb COBBPWBHCTBOBaHl'leM 1'1 YCllOlKHeHI'IBM
3aKOHOB. B pa311I'l'lHbIX perl'lOHax Ml'lpa cjlOPMI'lPOBBllI'ICb pa3Hble npaBOBbie CI'ICTeMbl. YpOK
paCCKElJKeT 0 TOM, KaKl'le npaBOBbie CI'ICTeMbi cy~eCTBYIOT B COBpeMeHHOM Ml'lpe 1'1 AaCT
KpaTKI'li1 0630P I'ICTOPI'II'I pa3BI'ITI'ISI npaBa B SCTOHI'II'I.

Hal'l6011ee cy~ecTBeHHble nOHSlTI'ISI 3TOro YPOKa: np8Boa8R CMCTeM8, KOHTMHeHTBnbHOe

(IUIM pOMaHo-repM8HCKoe) npaao, 8HrnOC8KCOHCK8R (IUIM 8HrnMMCK8R) np8aoa8R
CMCTeMa, KOAM«I»MK8"MR, OTP8Cnb npaa8, npMCRlKHblM, W8pM8T.

79
 BonpocbI no TeKCTY
•C 'leM 06bl'lHO cOBn8A8IOT rpaHHLIbI npaBOBbiX CHCTeM?

• KaK MOlKHO oxapaKTepH30BaTb KOHrnHeHTBIlbHYIO npaBOBYIO CHCTeMY?

• "lTO nOApa3YMeBaeTCSI nOA KOAH<pHKa~HeH 3aKOHOB?

• "leM OTllH'laeTCSI 'laCTHOe npaBO OT ny6ITH'lHOrO npaBa?

• nepe'lHCITHTe HaH60ITee BBlKHble OTpaCITH npaBa.

• KaKHe npo~eccbI HMelTH MeCTO B npaBOBOH CHCTeMe KOHTHHeHTBIlbHOH EBponbl B XIX

BeKe?

BonpocbI AIUI 06CYlKAeHMR

• nO'leMY rpaHH~bI npaBOBbiX CHCTeM 06bl'lHO COBn8A8IOT C apeBllaMH KYlTbTYPbl?

• KaKYIO npaBOBYIO CHCTeMY - KOHTHHeHTBIlbHYIO HITH aHrlTOCaKCOHCKYIO - npeAnO'lI1TaeTe

BbI? B 'leM Bbi BHAHTe ee npeHMy~ecTBa? "leM oHa,no-BaweMy,lTY'!we?

60 WECTIilAECSlTblA III WECTbAECSlT nEPBblA YPOKIII_

npaBoB8R CMCTeM8 cOBpeMeHHoM 3CTOHMM (8.5)
61
XOTSI }"Ie6HlfK COlJ,ep)I(lfT HeMHoro TeKCTB, cYL14eCTBYIOL14eif B HBweif CTpBHe npBBoBoif
CIfCTeMe cne.o,yeT YlJ,enlfTb no60nbwe BHIfMBHIfR. npif 3TOM RBHO Henb3R OrpBHIf'lIfTbCR nlfWb
npO'lTeHlfeM }"Ie6Horo MBTepIfBITB. Y'IBL14IfMCR Heo6xolJ,lfMO 3HBTb 3BKOHbI B Toif CTeneHIf,
'ITo6b1 OHIf CYMenlf CBMOCTORTenbHO OplfeHT.lfpOBBTbCR B HIfX If OTlTIf'lIfTb CYL14eCTBeHHoe OT He
IfMelOL14erO 3HB'IeHIfR.

n03TOMY L.(eneC006pB3HO nOCBRTIfTb PBCCMOTpeHlf1O npBBOBoif CIfCTeMbi COBpeMeHHoif

:3CTOHIfIf IJ,BB YPOKB If 03HBKOMlfTb }"IBL14IfXCR C KOHKpeTHbiMIf 3BKOHBMIf, IfnnlOCTplfPYR
MBTeplfBll nplfMepBMIf 1f3 )l(1f3HeHHoif npBKTIfKIf. Y'IIfTBlTIO cne.o,oBBllo 6b1 PBCCKB3BTb HB YPOKe
o KOHKpeTHbiX 3BKOHBX (TeKCTbI KOTOPblX ony6nlfKoBBHbI B If3.D,BHIfIf npBBOBbie AKTbI :3CTOHIfIf).
MO)l(HO TB/OICe nplfmBCIfTb HB YPOK IOPlfCT8 .D.I1R P83bRCHeHlfR Ifnlf BHBlTlf3B IfHTepeCHbiX
cn}"l8eB 1f3 IOplflJ,lf'lecKoif np8KTIfKIf, 3H8KOMbiX }"I8L14IfMCR 1f3 CpelJ,CTB M8CCOBOif
IfHq,OPMBL.(IfIf. ~enecoo6p83HO TB/OICe CP8BHlfTb HblHe IJ,eifCTBYIOL14lfe 38KOHbI C 38KOH8MIf
:3CTOHCKOif CCP.

CerOAHSI B SCTOHHH rOBopSiT 0 TOM,'lTO B CTpaHe B3S1T KYPC Ha nOCTpoeHHe npaBOBoro (HITH
CYAe6Horo) rOCYAapCTBa. B YCITOBHSlX COBeTCKOH BlTaCTH 3TH nOHSITHSI 6blITH AIlSi ITIOAeH nO'lTH
He3HaKOMbI,no:nOMY nOHBA06HTCSI onpeAelTeHHOe BpeMSI,'lTo6b1 OHH CTBIlH npI1Bbl'lHbIMI1. Ha
nyr.vr npOABHlKeHHSI K npaBOBOMY rOCYABPCTBY B SCTOHHH YlKe AocTHrHyro HeMBIlO. CerOAHSI
HaCelTeHHIO SCTOHHH Ha AelTe 06eCne'leHa 3a~HTa 3aKOHOB. K8lKAblH AOlTlKeH 3HaTb CBOH
B03MOlKHOCTH 101 npaBa, 'leITOBeK AOlTlKeH 3HaTb, KaK npH He06xOAHMOCTI1 3a~HTHTb CBOH
npaBa. STH ypOKH CTpeMSlTCSI nOMO'lb Y'lB~MCSI B AOCTHlKeHHH OTMe'leHHblX ~elTeH.

Bbi n03HaKOMHTeCb C pa3ITH'lHblMH OTpaCITSlMH npaBa, YCBOHTe nOHSIrnSi o6'beKTbl M

cy6'beKTbI npSBS, IOpMAM'leCKOe M cIIM3M'leCKOe nM"O, npsBocnoco6HOCTb M
Aeecnoco6HOCTb, Y3HaeTe, npH KaKHX YCITOBHSlX B03MOlKHO orpaHH'leHHe npaB 101
cnoc06HOCTeH ITH~.

80
 BonpocbI no TeKCTy
• KaKaSl OTpaCl1b npaBa OKa3al1aCb caMoA Henpl1eMl1eMOA
rOCYAaPCTBeHHoA He3aBI1CI1MOCTI1 3CTOHI1I1?
nocl1e BOCCTaHOBl1eHI1S1 ->•
• KTO SlBI1S1eTCSI IOpl1Al1'leCKI1M I1I1L10M, KTO <j>11311'leCKI1M I1I1L10M?

·l.{eM OTllI1'laeTCSI npaBocnoc06HOCTb OT Aeecnoc06HOCTI1?

·l.{eM OneKYH OTllI1'laeTCSI OT nOne'lI1Tel1S1 11 OT npeACTaBI1Tel1S1?

• B 'leM pa3HI1~ MelK,[lY npaBOM c06CTBeHHOCTI1 11 npaBOM BllaAeHI1S1?

BonpOCbl AlIR 06CYlKAeHMR

• nO'leMY rpalK,[laHCKOe npaBO OKa3al10Cb Hal160l1ee Henpl1eMl1eMbiM AllSl npl1MeHeHI1S1 B
HOBblX YCI10BI1S1X nocl1e BOCCTaHOBl1eHI1S1 rOCYAapCTBeHHoA He3aBI1CI1MOCTI1 3CTOHI1I1?

• nO'leMY ceMbSl, a He rOCYAapCTBO, 06S13aHa B nepBYIO O'lepeAb 3860TI1TbCSI 0 CBOI1X

HylK,C\aIO~I1XCSI B nOMO~11 'llleHax?

38A8HMe
• npeACTaBbTe ce6e, 'ITO Bbl CTalll1 C06CTBeHHI1KOM 3eMeJ1bHOrO Y'laCTKa. nepe'lI1Clll1Te Bce
B03MOlKHble 06CTOSITel1bCTBa, KOTOpble MOryr OrpaHI1'l11Tb Bawe npaBO pacnopsDKalbCSl 3T11M
Y'laCTKOM. MOlKHO 1111 1136eJKaTb HeKOTOpblX nOA06HbIX orpaHI1'leHI1A?

WECTb,qECSIT BTOpoA YPOK. 62

nOnML\,MR, CYA M APyrMe Opr8Hbl IOCTML\,MM (8.7)

KalK,[IOAHeBHaSl lKI13Hb CBI1AeTel1bCTByeT 0 TOM, 'ITO HepeAKO I1IOAI1 C03HaTel1bHO He

npl1AeplKl1BalOTCSI 3aKOHOB 11 YCTaHOBl1eHHblX npaBl111 06~eCTBeHHOA lK113HI1. 06eCne'leHl1e
nopSlAKa 11 npaB03a~I1Tbl SlBllSleTCSI 3aAa,'leA CneLll1allbHblX opraHOB. HapSlAY C XOPOWO
113BeCTHblMI1 BceM n0l111L1l1eA 11 CYAOM cy~eCTBYIOT 11 APyrl1e opraHbI npaB03a~I1TbI -
Hanpl1Mep, npOKYpaT)'pa 11 AenapTaMeHT TlOpeM.

YpoK paCCKalKeT 0 TOM, KaKl1e OpraHbl npaB~TbI AeAcTByIOT B 3CTOHI111 11 'lT0 nOHI1MaeTCSI
nOA yTBeplK,[leHl1eM, 'lT0 B 3cTOHI1I1 HAeT npoLlecc CTpol1Tel1bCTBa npasOBoro rOCYAapcTBa.

Bbi YCBOI1I1I1 OCHOBHoe 113 Y'le6HOrO MaTepl1alla,eCllI1 3HaeTe,KaK OpraHI130BaHa pa60Ta

nOI1I1L1I1I1, KaKOBa CYAe6HaSl CI1CTeMa 3CTOHI1I1, 'ITO npeACTaBI1S1IOT c060A rpIllKA8HCIOIA,
yronoBHblA M IlAMMHMC-rp8TMBHblM npOLlecc, KTO TaKoA OTBeT'lMK 11 KTO MCTeLl, KaKI1MI1
opraHaMI1 SlBllSlIOTCSI IlABOK8ryp8 M npOKYP8ryP8.

BonpOCbl no TeKCTy

• nepe'lI1CI1I1Te 3aAa,'l11 n0l1l1L1l111 3CTOHI1I1.

·I.{TO 03Ha'laeT YTBeplK,[leHl1e, 'ITO cYAe6HaSl CI1CTeMa 3CTOHI111 COCTOI1T 113 Tpex YPOBHeA?

• KaKl1e cYAe6Hbie Ael1a paCCMaTpl1BalOTCSI B XOAe rpalK,[laHCKOrO npOLlecca?

• KTO BblCT)'naeT Ha CYAe I1CTLIOM 11 KTO OTBeT'lI1KOM?

• KaKl1e CYAe6Hbie Ael1a paCCMaTpl1BalOTCSI B xOAe yr0l10BHOrO npoLlecca?

• KaKl1e CTOPOHbl Y'laCTByIOT B aAMI1HI1CTpaTI1BHOM npOLlecce?

·I.{TO SlBllSIeTCSI CBHAeTel1bCTBOM TOr ,'ITO rOCYABPCTB8HHblA CYA o6naAaer 6onbUJI1M BI1I1I1Hl1eM?

81
 BonpocbI AlIA 06CYlKAeHMA
• 3cTOHHR Oll4~eT Ha ce6e MelK,D,YHapOAHoe AaB11eHHe, ~el1blO KOTOporo RBI1ReTCR
OTMeHa CMepTHO~ Ka3HH B Ka'leCTBe Mepbl HaKa3aHHR. KaKoro MHeHHR
npHAeplKHBaeTecb Bbi B Bonpoce 0 CMepTHO~ Ka3HH?

• MOlKHO 11101 Ha3BaTb npOl(ypopa 101 aABOKaTa npeAcTaBHTel1RMH aHTarOHHCTH'IeCKHX

npocl>eccH~?

63 WECTb,QECSIT TPETMA YPOK.

MTorOBbI~ ypOK.

5nsrOAspR eMKOCTH 101 OCHOBaTenbHOCTH Y'Ie6HOrO MSTepHana, nOCBR~eHHoro

npSBonOPRAK}' 101 npBB03a~HTe, MO)l(eT Y'lHTenb Bbl6paTb cnoc06 npOBe.lleHHR HTorOBoro
38HRTHR. CaMblH npocToH - nHCbMeHHSR npOBepKS YCBoeHHR nOHRTHH 101 cpaKTOB. npH 3TOM
He06xOAHMO nOMHHTb 0 TOM, 'ITO npoBepRTb Cne.llyeT KaK 3HaHHR 06~ero XapaKTepa, TaK 101
CBR3SHHble C 3CTOHHeH. KpOMe TOrO,MO)l(HO npOBeCTH 06C}?KAeHHe HnH nHCbMeHHblH SHanH3
KOHlCf}eTHoro cnY'laR, B xOAe KOTOPOro Y'la~HecR AOn)l(Hbi npHMeHHTb YCBoeHHble 3HaHHR.

Y'la~HMcR MO)l(HO npeAllO)l(HTb 101 HanHcaHHe 3cce no BonpocaM npaBonOPRAKa 101

npaB03a~HTbI COBpeMeHHOH 3CTOHHH, KOTopoe n03BonHT 101M nOKa3aTb CBOH 3HaHHR 101
Bblpa3HTb CBoe OTHOWeHHe, CBO/o O~eHK}'.

82
 38~Hra CBoero rOCy.L~8pCTB8 - HOB8R B03MO)l(HOCTb H 06R38HHOCTb AIIR 3CTOHCKoro H8POAB.
X8p8KTepHOe AIIR COBeTCKoro nepHoA8 8pMei'lcKoe H8CHllHe Bblp86orano Y H8POAB 3cTOHHH
HeraTHBHoe OTHoweHHe K BOOp}'JKeHHblM CHn8M. 3To npORBnReTCR, B '18CTHOCTH, B TOM, 'ITO
MHorHe MonOAbie mOAH He XOTRT npoxoAHTb Aei'lcTBHTenbHYIO cn}'JK6y. B ycnoBHRx MHPHOi'l H
cnoKoi'lHoi'l JlCH3HH nlOAH He OC03HBnH 3H8'1eHHe nonHTHKH 060POHbI H CHn 060pOHbI. HepBtlKo
MOJICHO cnblW8Tb COMHeHHR B ~enecoo6p83HOCTH C03,CI8HHR co6cTBeHHblx CHn 060POHbI B
CTonb MBneHbKOM rocYA8pcTBe K8K 3cToHHR.

TeM He MeHee,K8JKAOe rOCYA8pCTBO AOn:lKHO 6b1Tb cnoco6HblM H rOTOBbiM 38~HTHTb ce6R B

cny'i8e Heo6xoAHMOCTH. 38~HT8 MO)l(eT onHp8T'?CR H8 p83nH'IHble npHH~Hnbl, HO 6e3 Hee He
060i'lTHCb. 3cToHCK8R Pecny6nHK8 CAMM8 CBOi'l Bbl60p B o6n8cTH 060pOHbI. TeM83H8KOMHT
y'i8~HXCR C YCTPOi'lCTBOM 060POHbI H8wero rocYA8pCTB8. AeBywK8M H3nOXCeHHe MoxceT
nOK838TbCR nopoi'l cnHWKOM AeTBnbHblM, HO HHTepec8M H8~HOHBnbHOi'l 6e30n8cHocTH cn}'JKHT
xopowaR 06~8R HH4JOPMHPOB8HHOCTb K8JKAOrO '1MOBeK8 no 3THM BonpOC8M.

113y'ieHHIO AeBRToi'l TeMbi cneAyeT nOCBRTHTb AB8 YPOKa. Ha nepBOM 38HRTHH

P8CCM8TPHB81OTCR o6~He npHH~Hnbl nOnHTHKH 060POHbI H 6e30n8cHocTH, H8 BTOPOM ypoKe
BHHM8HHe MOJICHO cocpeAOTO'lHTb H8 BonpOC8X opraHH3a~HH 060POHbI 3cToHcKoi'l
Pecny6nHKH. CPe.QH BblnYCKHHKOB K8JKAOi'l WKonbi H8BepHRKa eCTb npo4JeccHOHBnbHble
BoeHHble HIIH nH~a, npOXOtIR~He Aei'lcTBHTenbHYIO cn}'JK6y, AeCRTKH n8pHei'l Cn}'JK8T B
MeJK,llYH8pOAHblX BOi'lCKBX no nOtltlepJIC8HHIO MHpa. BCTpe'l8 C HHMH MOJICeT Bbl3B8Tb 6onbwoi'l
HHTepec y y'ia~HXCR.

-
WIECTIb,Q,IECSIIT 1l.llETIBlEPTlbBPIiI lfPOIC COAepXCaHlYlle nOnlYllTIYIICtIYll 060POHIbI IYII
®~
6e30nacHocTIYII. HapOA IYII opYXClYlle. nplYIIH14IYiIna.a CtOMnneCtTOlBaHIYIIA apMIYllIYiI.
(9.1, 9.2, 9.3)

3a~"1TY rOCYABPCTBa np~HSlTO C'l~TaTb ~CKI1IO'l~Tel1bHO M}'JKCK~M AeI10M. B COBeTCK~H

nep~OA BI1~SlH~e apM~~ Ha )I(~3Hb 3CTOHCKOro HapOAa npOSlB~l1aCb B nepByIO O'lepeAb B AByx
<l>OPM8JC Bo-nepBbIX, napHeH np~3bIBan~ Ha AeHcTB~Tel1bHYIO cl1)'lK6y, BO-BTOPbIX COBeTCKaSl
ApM~SI 06bSlB~l1a 'laCTb HaweH POAHOH 3eMI1~ 3anpeTHoH 30HOH. Tenepb n0l10)l(eH~e
~3MeH~I10Cb ~ BonpOCbl rocYAapcTBeHHoH 060POHbi 3aCI1)'lK~BaIOT np~CTanbHoro BH~MaH~SI
Hawero MOI1OAoro roCYAapCTBa.

CYMeeM 11~ Mbi 3a~~T~Tb 3CTOHCKYIO Pecny611~KY B CI1)"lae Han8AeH~SI npoT~BH~Ka? KaK
opraH~30BaHa rOCYABPCTBeHHaSl o6opoHa B yCI10B~SlX cOBpeMeHHocrn? KTO SlBI1S1eTCSI
BoeHHoo6S13aHHbIM? Ha 3T~ ~ PSIA APyr~x BonpOCOB )"la~~ecSI nOI1)"laT OTBeT Ha YPOKe.
1i13)"l~B 3TOT YPOK, Bbl Y3HaeTe OCHOBHble 38Aa'l~ nOI1~T~K~ 060POHbi ~ 6e30naCHOCT~,
nOI1)"l~Te npeACTaBl1eH~e 0 KOMnl1eKTOBaH~~ C~11 060pOHbl.

1B0npOCbl no TeCtcyY
• nepe'l~CI1~Te OCHOBHble 38Aa'l~ nOI1~T~K~ 060POHbi ~ 6e30naCHOCT~.
~
o
• KaK~e rOCYAapCTBeHHble opraHbl )"laCTBYIOT B pean~3all~~ nOI1~T~K~ 060POHbi ~
6e30naCHOCT~?

• KaK~e yCI10B~SI AOI1)1(HO BblnOI1H~Tb 'laCTHOe 11~1I0, )l(el1alO~ee CTBTb BI18Ael1blleM

orHecTpel1bHOrOOpYlK~SI?

83
 BonpocbI AJlR 06CYlKAeHMR
• KaKYIO yrp03Y 6e30naCHOCTlil 3CTOHCKOH Pecny6nlllKlil MOryr npeACTaBnSlTb nllll.¥l,
CIIAaaHHble C OpraHaMIil rOC6e30naCHOCTlil III pa3Be,QKIII 6b1BWerO COBeTCKOrO COI03a?

• nC),QAeplKlilBaeTe nlll Bbl TO'lKY 3peHIIISI, 'ITO lKlilTenb 3CTOHIIIIII MOlKeT BnaAeTb
orHeCTPenbHblM OPYJKllleM?

• KaK Bbi C'IIilTaeTe, CneAOBanO 6bl 3CTOHIIIIII KOMnneKTOBaTb apMlll10 1113 HaeMHblX
B08HHOCnYlKall.llllX Hnlll Ha OCHOBe 0611.1eH BOIIIHCKOH o6S13aHHocTIII?

38,Q8HMe
, BCnOMHIIITe KpynHble npOlllcwecTBIilSI Hnlll KaTacTpocjlbl nocneAHero BpeMeHIII B 3CTOHIIIIII.
KaK Bbl OlleHIIIBaeTe rOTOBHOCTb III cnoco6HOCTb rOCYAaPCTBa AeHCTBOBaTb B KPlll3111CHOH
Clilryal.lllllll?

65 WECTb,qECSIT nSiTbiA YPOK.

KOMnneKTOB8HMe CMn 060POHbI 3CTOHMM. CTPYKTYpa apMMM M
oCl»MqepcKoro COCT8Ba. PyKOBOACTBO rocYAapcTBeHHoM 060POHOM
3CTOHMM (9.4, 9.5, 9.6)

B MaTeplilane npownoro YPOKa Mbl HeOAHOKpaTHO CCblnanlllCb Ha onblT peweHIIISI BonpOCOB

rocYAapCTBeHHOH 060POHbi B APyrlllx rOCYAapcTBax. ComaCHO KOHCTlilrylllll1ll 3CTOHCKOH
Pecny6nlllKIII, Bce rpaJKAaHe 3CTOHIIIIII 06S13aHbl Y'laCTBOBaTb B aall.llllTe rOCYAaPCTBa. Ha YPOKe
Y'lBll.lllleCSI n03HaKOMSlTCSI C opraHIII3alllllOHHbiM nOCTpoeHllleM Cliln 060POHbi 3CTOHIIIIII.
PBCCKa3blBaeTCSI TaKlKe 0 P},!(OBOACTBe ClilnaMIil 060pOHbi III 0 KOHKpeTHblX 06S13aHHOCTSlX
rpBlKAaH B 06naCTlil rOCYAaPCTBeHHOH 060pOHbI.

1113Y'1111B MaTeplilan Bcero YPOKa, Bbl Y3HaeTe, KTO ABnAeTCA BoeHHoo6A3aHHblM, KTO COCTOIilT
Ha Y'leTe B 3anace, KOrAa npIll3b1BHIIIK nOnY'laeT OTCPO'lKY OT nplll3blBa Ha AeHCTBIilTenbHYIO
cnYlK6y, KaKlile npaBa III 06A3aHHOCTlil IIIMeeT '1enOBeK, npOXOAAlI.IlIIH AeHCTBIilTenbHyIO BoeHHYIO
cnYlK6y, KaKOBa BHyrpeHHSISI CTPYKTYpa cyxonyrHblx BOHCK 3CTOHIIIIII, KaKaA CIilCTeMa BOIIIHCKIIIX
3BaHIIIH nplilMeHSleTCSI B Clilnax 060POHbi 3CTOHIIIIII, KTO OCYll.leCTBnAeT PYKOBOACTBO
rOCYAapCTBeHHOH 060POHOH 3CTOHIIIIII. 3TIII 3HaHlilA IIIMelOT npaKTIII'IeCKOe 3Ha'leHllle B nepBYIO
O'iepeAb AnA IOHoweH,KOTOPbIM npeACTOIilT npOHTIil AeHCTBIilTenbHYIO BoeHHYIO cnYlK6y.

BonpocbI no TeKCTY

~ • 1113 KaKIIIX POAOB BOHCK COCTOAT Clllnbi 060POHbi 3CTOHIIIIII?

• • nepe'lIllCnlllTe pa3nlll'lHble BaplllaHTbI npOxOlKAeHIIISI AeHCTBIilTenbHOH BoeHHOH CnYlK6bl.

• Ha KaKIIIX ycnOBIilAX IOHowaM npeAOCTaBnAeTCA OTCpO'lKa nplll nplll3blBe Ha BoeHHYIO

cnYlK6y? KorAa B03MOlKHO IIIX OCBo6olKAeHllle OT BOIIIHCKOH 06S13aHHOCTIII?

• nepe'lIllCnlllTe npaBa BoeHHOCnYlKaIl.lIllX.

• B '1eM 3aKnIO'IaeTCSI' OCHOBHoe pa3nlll'llile cjlYHKlIlIIH npe3111AeHTa Pecny6nlllKlil III

npaBIilTenbCTBa Pecny6nlllKlil B 06naCTlil rOCYAaPCTBeHHOH 060pOHbI?

84
BonpocbI AIUI 06CYlKAeHMA
• nO'leMY BOeHHOCnYJKa~I1M 3anpe~eHO Y'laCTI1e B nOnI1T11'leCKOil AeRTenbHOCTI1?

• KaK Bbl C'lI1TaeTe, npeACTaBnRIOT nl1 oco6oe nOnOlKeHl1e 11 'lpe3BbI'lailHOB nOnOlKeHl1e

co6oil OrpaHI1'leHl1e AeMOKpaTI1I1?

38AaHMe
• liI3 I1CTOPI1I1 3CTOHI111 XX BeKa 113BeCTHbi cjlaKTbl nOKYWeHI1R Ha ee 6e30naCHOCTb 11
CYBepeHI1TeT. KaK 3CTOHI111 CneAOBBnO 6b1 BeCTI1 ce6R CerOAHR B CnY'lae nOBTOpeHI1R
C06blTI1il 1939-1940 rOAoB?

85
1 0 ME>KAYHAPOAHOE 05L1-'EHME
MeJKAYHBpO.o.HOe 06UjeHUe npe.o.CTB8nReT c060u CYUjeCT8eHHYIO npe.o.nOCblnKY
HOPMBnbHOro CYUjBCT80BBHUR roCy.o.BPCT8. XOTR SCTOHCKBR PeCny6nuKB eUje HB6upBeT onbiT
8 3TOH 06nBCTU,~e CerO.o.HR MO~HO r080pUTb 0 ee CnO~U8UJeUCR 8HeUJHenOnUTU~eCKOU
nUHUU U npBKTUKe. ,l/ecRTBR TeMB n03HBKOMUT ~BUjUXCR C UCTOpUeH Me~roCY,D.BpCT8eHHOrO
06UjeHUR U C npUHllunBMU C08peMeHHOU ,D.UnnOMBTUU.

113~eHulO TeMbi MO~HO nOC8RTUTb .o.8B YPOKB - HB nep80M PBCCMOTpeTb UCTOPUIO

,D.UnnoMBruu U npUHIlUnbi 8HBUJHeU nOnUTUKU, HB 8TOPOM COCpe.o.OTO~UTb 8HUMBHUB HB
npBKTU~eCKOU CTOpOHe npOlleCCB MBJKAYHBP0,D.HblX OTHOUJeHUU. Cpe,D.CT8B MBCC080U
UHCPOPMBIlUU e~e.o.He8HO npe,o.nBralOT 8 u306unuu ,D.OnOnHUTenbHblU MBTepUBn,He06xo.o.UMbiU
,D,IIR U3~BHUR .o.BHHOH TBMbI.

66 WECTb,qECRT WECTOM YPOK.

cz,OpMMpOBaHMe MelKAYHapOAHoro npaBa. MelKAYHapOAHbie AorOBopbI.
PyKOBOACTBO BHeWHeM nonMTMKoM (10.1, 10.2, 10.3)

MBlK,D,YHapOAHbIB OTHOWeHI1R I1rpalOT '1pe3BbI'Ia~HO BBlKHYIO ponb B lKI13HI1 nlO6oro

rOCYAapCTBa,nOCKOnbKY OT HI1X B 3Ha'lI1TenbHO~ CTBnBHI1 3aBI1CI1T MelK,D,YHapoAHbl~ aBTOpl1TeT
rOCYAapCTBa. ,/J,l1nnOMaTI1R I1MeBT AaBHIOIO, npOAOnlKl1TenbHYIO I1CTOPI1IO. 3CTOHCKOB
rOCYABPCTBO, KOTOPOB npl1HI1MBnO nOnHOl.\eHHOe Y'laCTI1B B MelK,D,YHapoAHo~ nOnl1TI1Ke nl1Wb B
OTHOCI1TBnbHO KOpOTKI1~ nepl10A MelK,D,Y nepBO~ 11 BTOPO~ MI1POBO~ BO~HaMI1, nocne
BOCCTaHOBnBHI1R He3aBI1CI1MOCTI1 BHOBb CTBnO cy6beKToM MelK,D,YHapOAHoro npaBa.

YpOK paCCKBlKeT 0 TOM, KaK ct>OPMl1pOBBnaCb Al1nnOMaTI1R B ApeBHeM Ml1pe, KaKI1X

npl1Hl.\l1nOB npl1ABplKl1BalOTCR roCYAapCTBa CBrOAHR B MelK,D,YHapOAHOM 06111eHI1I1. Y'Iallll1eCR
Y3HaIOT, 'ITO npBACTaBnRBT co6o~ MelKAYHapOAHoe npaao, napa$MpOBaHMe,
paTlICIIMKaI4MR, AeHOHCMpOBaHMe.

BonpOCbl no TeKCTY

~ • KorAS MBlK,D,YHapoAHoB npaBo CTBnO cnel.\l1ct>I1'1eCKO~ oTpacnblO npaBa 11 6blnl1 C03AaHbl

• cnel.\l1BnbHblB I.\BHTpBnbHble Y'lPBlK,D,BHI1R AIlR nOAAeplKaHI1R MBlKAYHapoAHoro 06111eHI1R?

• PBWBHI1BM KaKI1X npo6neM 3aHI1MaBTCR MelKAYHapoAHoB npaBo? npl1BeAI1TB npl1MBpbl.

• KTO MOlKeT npBAcTaBnRTb rocYAapcTBo B MBlKAYHapoAHblX OTHOWBHI1RX 6B3

cnBl.\l1BnbHblX nOnHOMO'lI1~?

• "IBM OTnI1'1aeTCR napact>l1pOBaHI1B AorOBopa OT Bro paTI1ct>I1Kal.\l1l1?

• KaK pacnpBABnBHa BHBWHenOnI1TI1'1BCKaR KOMneTBHl.\l1R rOCYAapCTBa MelKAY

napnaMeHTOM, npaBI1TBnbCTBOM 11 rnaBO~ rOCYAapCTBa?

BonpOCbl AnR 06CYlKAeHMR

• npl1BBAI1TB 113 COBPBMBHHO~ nOnl1TI1KI1 npl1MBpbl MelKAYHapOAHoro OCylK,D,BHI1R
nOBBABHI1R KaKOrO-nI160 rOCYABPCTBa.

• KaK Bbi C'II1TaBTe: CYlllBCTBYBT nl1 CPBAI1 3CTOHCKI1X nOnl1TI1KOB BAI1HOMblCnl1B B

Bonpocax BHBWHB~ nOnI1TI1KI1? npl1BBAI1TB apryMBHTbl B nOAABplKKY BaWB~ TO'lKI1
3PBHI1R.

86
 38A8HMe
• n03HaKOMbTeCb C YCTaBOM OpraHI13aLll111 06beAI1HeHHbiX Hal..ll1iOl. KaKl1e Tpe6oBaHI1A
npeAbABllAeT STOT AOKYMeHT K 3cToHcKOiOl Pecny611I1Ke B o611acTI1 MelKAYHapOAHblx
OTHoweHl1iOl?

WECTbAECSIT CEAbMOA YPOK. 67

MelKAYH8poAHoe npM3H8HMe. AMnnOM8TMileCKMe npeACT8BMTenbCTB8.
KOHcynbcKMe npeACT8BMTenbCTB8 (10.4, 10.5, 10.6)

3CTOHCKaA Pecny611I1Ka CYMella 6blCTPO BOCCTaHOBI1Tb CBOIO n03111..1111O cpeAl1 He3aBI1CI1MbIX

rOCYABPCTB Ml1pa. C03AaH CBoiOl Al1nll0MaTl1'leCKl1iOl Kopnyc,npeAcTaBllAIO~l1iOl 3CTOHI11O B PAAe
APyrl1x rOCYAapCTB. YpOK paCCKalKeT 0 TOM, KaK OpraHI130BaHO Al1nll0MaTI1'leCKOe
npeACTaBI1TellbCTBO rOCYAapCTBa B APyrl1x cTpaHax.

1i13Y'laA MaTepl1a11 SToro ypOKa, Y'la~l1eCA nOllY'laT 113 npeCCbl 6011bwe I1H¢OpMaLlI1I1 no
npo611eMaM AI1nll0MaTI111 - 3AeCb paCKpblBaeTCA COAeplKaHl1e nOHATl1iOl 'lpe3BbI'I8AHblA M
nOnHOMO'lHblA nocon, nocnaHHMK, BpeMeHHblA nOBepeHHblA B Aen8X, COBeTHMK
noconbCTB8, ceKPeT8pb nOCOnbCTB8, 8TTBwe, KOHcyn.

BonpOCbl no TeKCTY
• nepe'lI1Clll1Te OCHOBHble 38Aa'll1 Al1nll0MaTI1'leCKI1X npeACTaBI1TenbcTB.

• Ha30BI1Te cllYlKe6Hbie paHrl1 rllaB Al1nll0MaTI1'leCKI1X npeACTaBI1TenbCTB.

->•
• nepe'lI1Clll1Te OCHOBHble cllYlKe6Hbie 38Aa'll1 KOHCYllbCKI1X npeACTaBI1TelleiOl.

Bonpoc AnR 06CYlKAeHMR

• 3a KaKl1e AeiOlcTBI1A AI1nll0MaT I1HOCTpaHHoro rocYAapcTBa MOlKeT 06bABllATbCA
HelKellaTellbHblM ll11L10M (persona non grata) B cTpaHe npe6blBaHI1A?

.• nocTapaiOlTecb COCTaBI1Tb TO'lHbliOl Cnl1COK 'll1eHOB Al1nll0MaTI1'leCKOrO Kopnyca,

aKKpeAI1TOBaHHblx B 3CTOHI111 11 nOCllOB 3cToHcKoiOl Pecny611I1KI1 B I1HOCTpaHHblx
rocYABPcTBax.

87
 WECTbAECSIT BOCbMOA YPOK.
68 Pe310Me no BonpOC8M non .. T .. K.. 060POHbI .. MelKAYHapOAHblM
OTHOWeH ..RM.

npOse,o.eHllle 06be,o.IIIHeHHoro lllTOrosoro 3aHRTIIIR no sonpocaM rocYAapcTseHHoiii 060POHbI

III Me>KAYHapOAHblX OTHoweHllliii MO>KeT C03,llaTb S/lltllllMOCTb oc060ro 3Ha'leHIIIR. soeHHblX.
scneKTOS Me>KAYHapOAHOiii nonlllTIIIKIII, HO C TO'lKIII 3peHIIIR nOCTpoeHIIIR Kypca III COOTHoweHIIIR
psanlll'lHblX ero '18CTeiii HeLjeneco06p83HO nposoAIIITb ABa oTAenbHblx lllTOroSbiX YPoKa, S TO
speMR KaK 06e TeMbi npe,o.nonaralOT pe3lOMe. npIII nOArOTOSKe ypOKa Y'lIIITenlO cneAyeT Y'leCTb
3TO.

BS/IItIY OTHOCIIITBnbHOiii S3alllMOCSR3aHHOCTIII AeSRToiii III AeCRToiii TeMbi MO>KHO npe,o.nO>KIIITb

Y'la/l4I11MCR HsnlllcaTb S Te'leHllle '1aca nlllcbMeHHYIO p860ry Ha TeMY "OpraH1II3aLjIllR
rOCYAapCTseHHoiii 060POHbI 3CTOHIIIIII III HaWIII OTHoweHIIIR C coceAHIIIMIII rOCYAapCTsaMIII",
"/I1HTepecbI 3CTOHIIIIII S 06naCTIII rocYAapcrseHHoiii 060POHbI - KTO III KaK npe,o.craBnReT IIIX Ha
Me>KAYHspOAHOiii apeHe?", "060pOHHaR nonlllTIIIKa 3CTOHIIIIII III npoLjeCC IIIHTerpaLj1ll1ll S
esponeiiiCKllle CTPYKTYPbl". npIII SbinonHeHIIIIII 3Toro 3a,qaHIIIR Y'l8/l4l11eCR HY>KAaIOTCR S
AonOnHIIITBnbHOiii IIIHq,opMaLjIllIll III IIIHCTPYKLjIllRX Y'lIIITenR, '1T06b1 H8nlllcaHHaR ps60Ta ABfl8
npeACraBneHllle 0 TOM, KaK Y'la/l4l11eCR ycsolllnlll MaTepIIIBn TeM.

He IIICKl/IO'IeHO III npIIIMeHeHllle Tpa,qIllLjIllOHHblX q,OPM nposepKIII ycsoeHIIIR nOHRTllliii, q,aKTos III
T.A. flY'lwe scero pa3sIIIsaeT Y'la/l4l11xCR Y'laCTllle S 06CY>KAeHIIIIII KOHKpeTHbix clllryaLjllliii
TeKy/l4eiii nonIllTIIIKIII. 3Aecb TPYAHO AaTb KOHKpeTHbie coseTbi Y'lIIITenlO.

69 WECTbAECSIT AEBSITblA M CEMMAECSITblA YPOKM.

Pe310Me pa60Tbl B Te'leH.... Y'le6HOrO rOAa .. n.. AononH ..TenbHble
70 3aHRT..R.

Y'Ia/l4l11eCR ycsolllnlll sce COAep>KaHllle Kypca. nplll06peTeHHble 3HaHIIIR nOMoryr 111M nY'lwe
opllleHTlllpOS8TbCR S TeKy/l4eiii nonlllTIIIKe III npOTeKalO/l4I11X S 06/l4eCTSe npoLjeccax, AalOT
S03MO>KHOCTb 60nee a,qeKsaTHo oLjeHIIITb KaK 06/l4eCTSO S LjenOM, TaK III CSOIII S03MO>KHOCTIII III
nepCneKTIIISHbJe ponlll S 06/l4eCTBe.

Ecnlll S KOHLje Y'le6HOrO rOAa OCTaHeTCR HeCKonbKO pe3epBHblx ypOKOS, MO>KHO nposeCTIII
HTorosoe 06CY>KAeHllle no cneAYIO/l4I11M npIIIMepHblM TeMaM: "KaKllle 1113MeHeHIIIR npolll30wnlll B
SCTOHIIIIII Ha'lIllHaR C ceHTR6pR npownoro rOAa, KorAa Mbi npHcrynlllnlll K 1113Y'1eHllllO
rp8>K.QaHose,o.eHIIIR?", "/I13MeHlllno nlll rp8>K.QaHOBe,o.eHllle sawe nOHIIIMaHllle npOTeKalO/l4I11X S
06/l4eCTSe npOLjeCCOB?", "B8)I(Heiiiwllle np06neMbi 3CTOHIIIIII - 'ITO He06xOAIIIMO npeAnpIIIHRTb
AnR IIIX peweHIIIR?", "'ITO Bbi 1113MeHlllnlll 6b1 S )/(1II3HIII ceroAHRwHeiii 3CTOHIIIIII?".
nOpeKoMeHAos8Tb MO>KHO TaK>Ke opraHIII3aLjllllO BCTpe'llll Y'Ia/l4I11XCR C SIIIAHblMIII
06/l4eCTBeHHblMIII AeRTenRMIII IIInlll 3KCKyPCIIIIII B PllliiirlllKOry.

88
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