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To facilitate the participants

to appreciate the need and scope of a

DETAILED PROJECT REPORT

as a prelude to a successful project

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 What is DPR?

The Detailed Project Report

is a document
which deals with
all aspects of
pre-investment planning
and establishes the need
and feasibility of the PROJECT.
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feasibility in terms of

 Technical
 Financial
 Social
 Cultural
 Environmental
 Legal
 Institutional
 Economical
aspects 3
 Definition of a Project

Unique process, consisting of a

set of coordinated activities with
start and finish dates,
undertaken to achieve an
objective confirming to specific
requirements, including the
constraints of time, cost and
resources
- (ISO 10006:2003)

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 A unique, one-time effort
 Requires the completion of a large number of
interrelated activities
 Resources, such as time and/or money, are
limited
 Typically has its own management structure
 Involves some degree of risk and uncertainty
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 DEVELOPING A PROJECT
starts with
PROJECT
CONCEPTUALISATION

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  Like the birth of a Child or an Idea - but with
the intention to implement or execute this in
form of a project
- The IDEA ..... every great business/thing
started as an idea.....
- A DREAM to overcome a PROBLEM/CHALLENGE
or to address a NEED - VISION
‘And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our
likeness....’ – The Holy Bible 7
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  Like for building a house or nurturing a child...

 What are the things... steps… and other

resources or conditions required to be put in
place to address the identified problem or
need and reach the EXPECTED OUTCOME?

OBJECTIVES
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 This should also indicate:
- What work will be performed,
- Who will do it,
- When will it be done,
- Who is responsible for what and
- How the project will be managed, monitored and
controlled
The problem + solution(s) + means of arriving at the solution(s) +
specified duration + identified resources = Project Development/Design
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 WHILE THE PROJECT
CONCEPTUALISATION & DEFINITION
FOCUSES ON WHAT THE PROJECT WILL DO,
THE PROJECT DEVELOPMENT & DESIGN
FOCUSES ON HOW THE PROJECT
WILL GET DONE

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 Stages of a PROJECT
• Pre-investment planning
 Identification of a project
 Survey and Investigation
 Preparation of project report
• Appraisal and sanction
• Construction of facilities and carrying out
support activities
• Operation and maintenance
• Monitoring and feed back
 Need for DPR

DPR is a complete document for

PLANNING of the project


Investment decision-making


Approval of the project



DPR facilitates
 Implementation of the project

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 Stages of DPR
Project reports are prepared in three
stages
(i) identification report
(ii) pre-feasibility report and
(iii) feasibility report
BASIC DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
 Engineering considerations
 Institutional aspects
 Environmental considerations
 Treatment process
 Financial aspects
 Legal issues
 Community awareness
 Inter and Intra departmental coordination
 Geographical information systems
 City master plan
 City sanitation plan 1
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 Engineering Considerations

Topographical, engineering and other considerations

which figure prominently in project design are noted
below:

a) Design period, stage wise population to be served,

expected sewage flow quality and fluctuation

b) Topography of the general area to be served, its slope

and terrain, and soil profiles affecting construction.
Tentative sites available for treatment plant, pumping
stations and disposal works, considering flooding
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 Engineering Considerations

c) Available hydraulic head in the system up to high flood

level in case of disposal to a nearby river or high tide
level in case of coastal discharge or the level of the
irrigation area to be commanded in case of land disposal
d) Depth of groundwater table and its seasonal
fluctuation affecting construction, sewer infiltration,
structural design (uplift considerations)
e) Soil bearing capacity and type of strata expected to be
met with in construction

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 Engineering Considerations

f) On site disposal facilities, including the possibilities of

segregating the sullage water and sewage and reuse or
recycle sullage water within the households
g) Existing water supply, sewerage and sanitation
conditions
h) Water reliability, augmentation steps, drought
conditions
i) Reuse in agriculture, farm forestry, non-potable urban,
industry
j) Decentralized sewerage and progressive coverage.
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 Institutional Aspects

a) Capability of existing local authority

b) Revenue collection and reliability

c) Capacity building needs

d) Public Private Partnership.

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 Environmental Considerations

 Surface Water Hydrology and Quality

 Ground Water Quality

 Coastal Water Quality

 Odour and Mosquito Nuisance

 Public Health

 Landscaping

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 Treatment Process

 Sewage Flow & Characteristics

 Degree of Treatment Required

 Performance Characteristics

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 Degree of Treatment Required

In case of domestic or municipal

sewage, this is considered, for example,
in terms of removal of BOD nutrients
(nitrogen and phosphorous), coliforms,
helminths etc. Land disposal generally
has to meet less stringent discharge
standards than disposal to surface
waters. Land disposal also has the
advantage of avoiding nutrient removal
and is, thus, preferred wherever it is
feasible. 2
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 Design period of sewerage components

1. Land Acquisition 30yrs

2. Conventional sewers (A) 30yrs
3. Non-conventional sewers (B) 15yrs
4. Pumping mains 15yrs
5. Pumping Stations-Civil Work 30yrs
6. Pumping Machinery 15yrs
7. Sewage Treatment Plants 15yrs
8. Effluent disposal 30yrs
9. Effluent Utilization 15yrs or as the case may be
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 Financial Aspects

 Capital costs - land, design, construction,

supervision

 Operating costs – interest, power, chemicals,

wages, repairs, tools & plants,
maintenance, repairs,
insurance, overheads

 Sustainability - levy and willingness, revenue

generation, actual recovery
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 PRELIMINARY STUDY
 Population Forecast -Demographic, Arithmetic,
Incremental, Geometric
increase, Decreasing rate,
Graphical. Logistic, Density
method
 Project Area
 Reuse and Disposal
 Sewerage Layout
 Legislation, Regulation-Water Act 1974, Environment
Act 1986, Municipal Bye-laws,
EIA, IS, Town and Country
Planning Act 2
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 SURVEY AND INVESTIGATION
 Topographical Survey
 Cadastral Survey
 Social Survey
 Pollution Survey
 Survey on Related Plans
 Survey on Existing Facilities
 Survey on Sewerage System utilization
 Survey on Treated Sewage, Sludge and Biogas utilization
 Project Surveys
 Construction Surveys
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 DESIGN ASPECTS

 Raw Sewage Characteristics

 Degree of Treatment Required

 Study of Alternatives

 Technology Options

 Performance Characteristics

 Other process Requirements

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 Way Forward
• Recycle / Reuse
• Techno-economically viable technologies
• Improvement in O&M
• Reduction in Operational Cost by Innovations
• Stringent Policies & Implementation by Govt.
• Promotion of PPP Models
 PROJECT FRAMEWORK

- Project Institutional Framework

- Project Financial Structuring

- Project Phasing

- Project O&M Planning

- Project Financial Viability & Sustainability

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 DETAILED PROJECT REPORT
IDENTIFICATION REPORT
- Project area and its physical environment
- Activities in and around the project area
- Existing population, distribution and socioeconomic analysis
- Present sewage collection, treatment and disposal
- Population projection
- Need for taking up a project
- Project fit in with the national / regional / sectoral strategies
- Strategic plan for long-term development
- Objectives
- Project components, with alternatives
- Preliminary estimates of costs
- Source for financing
- Institutions, organization responsible and time-table
- Personnel strength required and training needs 2
- Recommend actions to be taken to proceed further 9
 DETAILED PROJECT REPORT
PRE-FEASIBILITY REPORT
I. Executive summary
II. Introduction
III. The project area and the need for a
project
IV. Long term plan for sewage collection,
treatment and disposal
V. Proposed sewage collection, treatment
and disposal project
VI. Conclusions and recommendations
VII. Tables, figures/maps and annexes 3
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 DETAILED PROJECT REPORT
FEASIBILITY REPORT
- Background
- Proposed project
- Institutional and financial aspects
- Techno Economic Appraisal
Procedure
- Conclusion and Recommendations
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Assessing the Quality of Your Project Design

A Good Project Design and Plan should cover the

following:
- Change Control Plan
- Communication Plan
- Management Plan
- Procurement Plan
- Quality Management Plan
- Responsibility Matrix (project roles and
responsibilities)
- Resource Management Plan
- Risk Management and Response Plan
- Variance Management Plan 3
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 Conceptualizing a Project

and its Development

Is both art and science involves

Innovation and systematic approach in

preparing the DPR

epdrao@gmail.com
for a successful project
 For any queries or further information you
may contact me at

epdrao@gmail.com
or

+91 9908123995
- DAYAKAR RAO E P
- FIE, C Eng.

epdrao@gmail.com