A Synopsis on

“CLOUD COMPUTING”
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
COMPUTER SCIENCE ENGINEERING
of
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SUBMITTED BY:
SHOAIB AHMED
RAHUL SINGH YASHONA
AMAN SHRIVASTAVA
SUBHANG PATI
ISHU KUMAR VERMA

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

 1. INTRODUCTION
Cloud Computing,” to put it simply, means “Internet Computing.” The Internet is
commonly visualized as clouds; hence the term “cloud computing” for
computation done through the Internet. With Cloud Computing users can access
database resources via the Internet from anywhere, for as long as they need,
without worrying about any maintenance or management of actual resources.
Besides, databases in cloud are very dynamic and scalable.
Cloud computing is unlike grid computing, utility computing, or autonomic
computing. In fact, it is a very independent platform in terms of computing. The
best example of cloud computing is Google Apps where any application can be
accessed using a browser and it can be deployed on thousands of computers
through the Internet.

2. WHAT IS CLOUD COMPUTING?

Cloud computing provides the facility to access shared resources and common
infrastructure, offering services on demand over the network to perform
operations that meet changing business needs. The location of physical resources
and devices being accessed are typically not known to the end user. It also
provides facilities for users to develop, deploy and manage their applications „on
the cloud‟, which entails virtualization of resources that maintains and manages
itself.

3. CLOUD STORAGE
Over time many big Internet based companies (Amazon, Google…) have come
to realise that only a small amount of their data storage capacity is being used.
This has led to the renting out of space and the storage of information on remote
servers or "clouds". Information is then temporarily cached on desktop
computers, mobile phones or other internet-linked devices. Amazon’s Amazon
Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) and Simple Storage Solution (S3) are the current
best-known facilities.

Data Cloud
Along with services the cloud will host data. There has been some discussion of
this being a potentially useful notion possibly aligned with the Semantic Web,
though it could result in data becoming undifferentiated.

4. CLOUD COMPUTING ARCHITECTURE

Cloud computing architecture, just like any other system, is categorized into two
main sections: Front End and Back End. Front End can be end user or client or
any application (i.e. web browser etc.) which is using cloud services. Back End is
the network of servers with any computer program and data storage system. It is
usually assumed that cloud contains infinite storage capacity for any software
available in market. Cloud has different applications that are hosted on their own
dedicated server farms.

Cloud has centralized server administration system. Centralized server

administers the system, balances client supply, adjusts demands, monitors traffic
and avoids congestion. This server follows protocols, commonly known as
middleware. Middleware controls the communication of cloud network among
them.

Cloud Architecture runs on a very important assumption, which is mostly true.

The assumption is that the demand for resources is not always consistent from
client to cloud. Because of this reason the servers of cloud are unable to run at
their full capacity. To avoid this scenario, server virtualization technique is
applied. In sever virtualization, all physical servers are virtualized and they run
multiple servers with either same or different application. As one physical server
acts as multiple physical servers, it curtails the need for more physical machines.

As a matter of fact, data is the most important part of cloud computing; thus, data
security is the top most priority in all the data operations of cloud. Here, all the
data are backed up at multiple locations. This astoundingly increases the data
storage to multiple times in cloud compared with a regular system. Redundancy
of data is crucial, which is a must-have attribute of cloud computing.

5. TYPES OF CLOUDS

5.1 PUBLIC CLOUD

Public cloud or external cloud describes cloud computing in the traditional
mainstream sense, whereby resources are dynamically provisioned on a fine
grained, self-service basis over the Internet, via web applications/web services,
from an off-site third-party provider who shares resources and bills on a fine-
grained utility computing basis.
5.2 HYBRID CLOUD
A hybrid cloud environment consisting of multiple internal and/or external
providers "will be typical for most enterprises".

5.3 PRIVATE CLOUD

Private cloud and internal cloud are neologisms that some vendors have recently
used to describe offerings that emulate cloud computing on private networks.
These (typically virtualisation automation) products claim to "deliver some
benefits of cloud computing without the pitfalls", capitalising on data security,
corporate governance, and reliability concerns. They have been criticised on the
basis that users "still have to buy, build, and manage them" and as such do not
benefit from lower up-front capital costs and less hands-on management,
essentially "[lacking] the economic model that makes cloud computing such an
intriguing concept”. While an analyst predicted in 2008 that private cloud
networks would be the future of corporate IT, there is some contention as to
whether they are a reality even within the same firm.

6. CHARACTERSTICS
1.COST - Pricing is based on usage-based options and minimal or no IT skills are
required for implementation.

2.DEVICE AND LOCATION INDEPENDENCE - It enable users to access systems

using a web browser regardless of their location or what device they are using,
e.g. PC, mobile
3.MULTI-TENANCY - This enables sharing of resources and costs among a large

pool of users.

4.RELIABILITY - This is suitable for business continuity and disaster recovery.

5.SCALABILITY - Dynamic ("on-demand") provisioning of resources without

users having to engineer for peak loads

6.SECURITY - It improves due to centralization of data, increased security focused

resources.

7.SUSTANIBILITY - This comes through improved resource utilisation, more

efficient systems.

7. ADVANTAGES OF CLOUD COMPUTING

1. Ability to scale to meet changing user demands quickly
2. Pay by use.
3. Task oriented
4. Virtually no maintenance due to dynamic infrastructure software.
5. Application and operating system independent.
6. Easy to develop your own web-based applications that run in the cloud.
7. Location of infrastructure in areas with lower costs of real estate and
electricity.
8. Sharing of peak-load capacity among a large pool of users, improving overall
utilization.
9. Separation of application code from physical resources.
10. Not having to purchase assets for one time or infrequent computing tasks.
11. Ability to use external assets to handle peak loads.

8. DISADVANTAGES OF CLOUD COMPUTING

1. Often limited or no technical support available.

2. Canned solutions such may not be full-featured or too task oriented.
3. When there are technical issues, you may lose access to your data or
application.
4. No control.
5. You must have an internet connection.
6. If the company hosting the application goes out of business, you may lose
access to your data or application permanently.

9. CLOUD COMPUTING & NEURAL NETWORK

Cloud computing is considered one of the most interesting topics in the
shops of scientific research and he will help to reach a most utilization of the
available resources to reach the top of productivity and he can Processing the
problems on a domain large and considered the use of a single neural
 networks of the key in most areas of cloud computing and the main task of
neural networks to explore the best available resources in the field of cloud
computing, researcher importance of neural networks in the cloud computing
environment and most uses artificial intelligence techniques to explore the
optimal allocation of these resources is based on this method is to use a
neural network to classify the waiting lists function present on any resource
and prioritize different functions because you can find and break up the
model and the role models can adapt to explore the knowledge and new
concepts using neural networks to solve them to improve it in the cloud
computing environment .

10. CONCLUSION
After so many years, Cloud Computing today is the beginning of “network-based
computing “over Internet in force. It is the technology of the decade and is the
enabling element of two totally new computing models, the Client-Cloud
computing and the Terminal-Cloud computing. These new models would create
whole generations of applications and business. Our prediction is that it is the
beginning to the end of the dominance of desktop computing such as that with the
Windows. It is also the beginning of a new Internet based service
economy: The Internet centric, Web based, on demand, Cloud applications
and computing economy.