Assignment

E = 20GPA
ν = 0.2

Ignore self weight

1 Calculate Rotation and translation of B and C

2 Draw B.M diagram/ SF Diagram and Axial force diagrem using FEM

3 Compare Results with sap model and discuss

Answer
* Convert distribution load to equalent nodel Load
End Reaction = WL/2 = 50X3 / 2 End Moment = 50X3^2 / 12
= 75 KN = 37.5 KNm
 I beam = 300x450^3/12 I Column = 300x300^3/12
= 2.28E-03 m 4
= 6.75E-04 m4

A beam = 300x450 A Column = 300x300

= 1.35E-01 m2 = 9.00E-02 m2

Each element behave as a bar element with 6 DOF. So it can be consider following stifness matrix
In Local Coordinate System

Element connectivity table reference to i and j

Erame Node (i) Node (j)
1 1 2
2 3 1
3 4 2

Element EA/L 12EI/L3 6EI/L2 4EI/L 2EI/L

1 9.000E+05 2.025E+04 3.038E+04 6.075E+04 3.04E+04
2,3 6.000E+05 6.000E+03 9.000E+03 1.800E+04 9.00E+03
E= 20X10^6 kN/m2

Stifnes metrix for element 1

u1 v1 θ1 u2 v2 θ2

900 0 0 -900 0 0 u1

0 20.25 30.375 0 -20.25 30.375 v1

K1= 1E+03 0 30.375 60.75 0 -30.375 30.375 θ1

-900 0 0 900 0 0 u2

0 -20.25 -30.375 0 20.25 -30.375 v2

0 30.375 30.375 0 -30.375 60.75 θ2

Stifnes metrix for element 2 and 3
ui vi θi uj vj θj

600 0 0 -600 0 0 ui

0 6 9 0 -6 9 vi

K2= 1E+03 0 9 18 0 -9 9 θi

-600 0 0 600 0 0 uj

0 -6 -9 0 6 -9 vj

0 9 9 0 -9 18 θj

Transformational Matrix for any bar element is ГRot

ui vi θi uj vj θj
Гrot = C S 0 0 0 0 ui Whare C = Cos θ
-S C 0 0 0 0 vi S = Sin θ
0 0 1 0 0 0 θi
0 0 0 C S 0 uj
0 0 0 -S C 0 vj
0 0 0 0 0 1 θj

For element 2 and 3

whare θ =90 So C= 0
S= 1
Thus for element 2 and 3 rotational Transformational matirx
ui vi θi uj vj θj
Гrot 2/3 = 0 1 0 0 0 0 ui i= 3, j=1
-1 0 0 0 0 0 vi i= 4, j= 2
0 0 1 0 0 0 θi
0 0 0 0 1 0 uj
0 0 0 -1 0 0 vj
0 0 0 0 0 1 θj

Global Stifner matrix K = [Гrot]T [K] [Гrot]

For Element 1 will be same of local stifness matrix

Global Stifness matrix For Element 2 and 3
K =

K =

x10^3

Member 2
u3 v3 θ3 u1 v1 θ1
6 0 -9 -6 0 -9 u3
0 600 0 0 -600 0 v3
K = 1E+03 -9 0 18 9 0 9 θ3
-6 0 9 6 0 9 u1
0 -600 0 0 600 0 v1
-9 0 9 9 0 18 θ1

Member 3
u4 v4 θ4 u2 v2 θ2
6 0 -9 -6 0 -9 u4
0 600 0 0 -600 0 v4
K = 1000 -9 0 18 9 0 9 θ4
-6 0 9 6 0 9 u2
0 -600 0 0 600 0 v2
-9 0 9 9 0 18 θ2
Assembling global stifness matix
u1 v1 θ1 u2 v2 θ2 u3 v3 θ3 u4 v4 θ4
906 0 9 -900 0 0 -6 0 9 0 0 0 u1
0 620.3 30.38 0 -20.25 30.38 0 -600 0 0 0 0 v1
9 30.38 78.75 0 -30.38 30.38 -9 0 9 0 0 0 θ1
-900 0 0 906 0 9 0 0 0 -6 0 9 u2
K = 1000 0 -20.25 -30.38 0 620.3 -30.38 0 0 0 0 -600 0 v2
0 30.38 30.38 9 -30.38 78.75 0 0 0 -9 0 9 θ2
-6 0 -9 0 0 0 6 0 -9 0 0 0 u3
0 -600 0 0 0 0 0 600 0 0 0 0 v3
9 0 9 0 0 0 -9 0 18 0 0 0 θ3
0 0 0 -6 0 -9 0 0 0 6 0 -9 u4
0 0 0 0 -600 0 0 0 0 0 600 0 v4
0 0 0 9 0 9 0 0 0 -9 0 18 θ4

F1x 906 0 9 -900 0 0 -6 0 9 0 0 0 U1

F1y 0 620.3 30.38 0 -20.25 30.38 0 -600 0 0 0 0 V1
M1 9 30.38 78.75 0 -30.38 30.38 -9 0 9 0 0 0 θ1
F2x -900 0 0 906 0 9 0 0 0 -6 0 9 U2
F2y 0 -20.25 -30.38 0 620.3 -30.38 0 0 0 0 -600 0 V2
M2 =10^3 0 30.38 30.38 9 -30.38 78.75 0 0 0 -9 0 9 x θ2
F3x -6 0 -9 0 0 0 6 0 -9 0 0 0 U3
F3y 0 -600 0 0 0 0 0 600 0 0 0 0 V3
M3 9 0 9 0 0 0 -9 0 18 0 0 0 θ3
F4x 0 0 0 -6 0 -9 0 0 0 6 0 -9 U4
F4y 0 0 0 0 -600 0 0 0 0 0 600 0 V4
M4 0 0 0 9 0 9 0 0 0 -9 0 18 θ4

Apply Following Boundry conditions

U3 = V3 = θ3 = U4 = V4 = θ4 = 0 Due there fixed support
F1x = F2x = 0 No external Lateral force on the structurue
F1y = F2y = -75 KN
M1 = -37.5 kNm BY CONSIDERING anticlockwise positive
M2 = 37.5 kNm
By substituting boundry conditions
0.0 906 0 9 -900 0 0 -6 0 9 0 0 0 U1
-75 0 620.3 30.38 0 -20.25 30.38 0 -600 0 0 0 0 V1
-37.5 9 30.38 78.75 0 -30.38 30.38 -9 0 9 0 0 0 θ1
0.0 -900 0 0 906 0 9 0 0 0 -6 0 9 U2
-75 0 -20.25 -30.38 0 620.3 -30.38 0 0 0 0 -600 0 V2
37.5 =10^3 0 30.38 30.38 9 -30.38 78.75 0 0 0 -9 0 9 x θ2
F3x -6 0 -9 0 0 0 6 0 -9 0 0 0 0
F3y 0 -600 0 0 0 0 0 600 0 0 0 0 0
M3 9 0 9 0 0 0 -9 0 18 0 0 0 0
F4x 0 0 0 -6 0 -9 0 0 0 6 0 -9 0
F4y 0 0 0 0 -600 0 0 0 0 0 600 0 0
M4 0 0 0 9 0 9 0 0 0 -9 0 18 0

0.0 906.0 0.0 9.0 -900.0 0.0 0.0 U1

-75.0 0.0 620.3 30.4 0.0 -20.3 30.4 V1
-37.5 = 1000 9.0 30.4 78.8 0.0 -30.4 30.4 x θ1
0.0 -900.0 0.0 0.0 906.0 0.0 9.0 U2
-75.0 0.0 -20.3 -30.4 0.0 620.3 -30.4 V2
37.5 0.0 30.4 30.4 9.0 -30.4 78.8 θ2

906 0 9 -900 0 0 0.0

0 620.3 30.38 0 -20.25 30.38 -75.0
9 30.38 78.75 0 -30.38 30.38 -37.5
-900 0 0 906 0 9 0.0
0 -20.25 -30.38 0 620.25 -30.38 -75.0
0 30.38 30.38 9 -30.38 78.75 37.5

From Gaussian elimination method

R5= 30.63 R6+R2 AND R6= 20.4 R6-R2 R4= 1.01 R4+R1, R3= 101 R3-R1
906 0 9 -900 0 0 0.0
0 620.3 30.38 0 -20.25 30.38 -75.0
0 3058 7919 900 -3058 3058 -3775
0 0 9 12.04 0 9.06 0
0 0 -900 0 18978 -900 -2372
0 0 589.9 183.8 -600 1578 840.7

R6 = 1.526 R6+R5
906 0 9 -900 0 0 0
0 620.3 30.38 0 -20.25 30.38 -75
0 3058 7919 900 -3058 3058 -3775
0 0 9 12.04 0 9.06 0
 0 0 -900 0 18978 -900 -2372
0 0 0 280.4 18062 1507 -1089

R5 = 0.01 R5+R4 R3 = 4.93 R2-R3

906 0 9 -900 0 0 0
0 620.3 30.38 0 -20.25 30.38 -75
0 0 -7769 -900 2958 -2908 3405
0 0 9 12.04 0 9.06 0
0 0 0 12.04 189.78 0.06 -23.72
0 0 0 280.4 18062 1507 -1089

R6 = 23.29 R5-R6 R4 = 863.2 R4+R3

906 0 9 -900 0 0 0
0 620.3 30.38 0 -20.25 30.38 -75
0 0 -7769 -900 2958 -2908 3405
0 0 0 9493 2958 4913 3405
0 0 0 12.04 189.78 0.06 -23.72
0 0 0 0 -13643 -1506 537

R5 = 788 R5-R4
906 0 9 -900 0 0 0
0 620.3 30.38 0 -20.25 30.38 -75
0 0 -7769 -900 2958 -2908 3405
0 0 0 9493 2958 4913 3405
0 0 0 0 1E+05 -4865 -22109
0 0 0 0 -13643 -1506 537

R6 = 10.75 R6+R5
906 0 9 -900 0 0 0
0 620.3 30.38 0 -20.25 30.38 -75
0 0 -7769 -900 2958 -2908 3405
0 0 0 9493 2958 4913 3405.26
0 0 0 0 146671 -4865 -22109
0 0 0 0 0 -21053 -16336

So
0.0 906 0 9 -900 0 0 U1
-75.0 0 620.3 30.4 0.0 -20.3 30.4 V1
3405.3 = 1000 0 0 -7769 -900 2958 -2908 x θ1
3405.3 0 0 0 9493 2958 4913 U2
-22108.9 0 0 0 0 146671 -4865 V2
-16335.6 0 0 0 0 0 -21053 θ2

By solving Equations
U1 = 3.87E-06 m
V1 = -1.25E-04 m
 θ1 = -7.76E-04 Rad
U2 = -3.87E-06 m
V2 = -1.25E-04 m
θ2 = 7.76E-04 Rad

From Global Stifness Matrix by substituting above values

F3x = 1000*(-6*0.00000387+-9*-0.00077591) = 6.960 kN
F3y = 1000*(-600*-0.000125) = 75.000 kN
M3 = 1000*(9*0.00000387+9*-0.00077591) = -6.948 kNm
F4x = 1000*(-6*-0.00000387+-9*0.00077591) = -6.960 kN
F4y = 1000*(-600*-0.000125) = 75.000 kN
M4 = 1000*(9*-0.00000387+9*0.00077591) = 6.948 kNm

To obtain the internal forces of elements

[u] = [Гrot] [U]
[f] = [k] [Гrot] [U]
For Elemet 1 having same global and local coordinates. So
f1x 900 0 0 -900 0 0 U1= 3.87E-06
f1y-75 0 20.25 30.375 0 -20.25 30.38 V1= -1.25E-04
m1-37.5 = 0 30.38 60.75 0 -30.38 30.38 x θ1= -7.76E-04
f2x 1000 -900 0 0 900 0 0 U2= -3.87E-06
f2y-75 0 -20.25 -30.38 0 20.25 -30.38 V2= -1.25E-04
m2+37.5 0 30.38 30.375 0 -30.38 60.75 θ2= 7.76E-04

f1x = 6.96 KN
f1y = 75.00 KN
m1 = 13.93 KNm
f2x = -6.96 KN
f2y = 75.00 KN
m2 = -13.93 KNm

Similarly for Element 2 There rotation from global axis is 90 degree

So C =0 S =1
600 0 0 -600 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
0 6 9 0 -6 9 -1 0 0 0 0 0
[k] [Гrot] = 0 9 18 0 -9 9 x 0 0 1 0 0 0
1000 -600 0 0 600 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 -6 -9 0 6 -9 0 0 0 -1 0 0
0 9 9 0 -9 18 0 0 0 0 0 1

f3x 0 600 0 0 -600 0 U3= 0

f3y -6 0 9 6 0 9 V3= 0
m3 = -9 0 18 9 0 9 x θ3= 0
f1x 1000 0 -600 0 0 600 0 U1= 3.87E-06
f1y 6 0 -9 -6 0 -9 V1= -1.25E-04
m1 -9 0 9 9 0 18 θ1= -7.76E-04
 f3x = 75.0 KN
f3y = -7.0 KN
m3 = -6.9 KNm
f1x = -75 KN
f1y = 7.0 KN
m1 = -13.93 KNm

Similarly for Element 3 There rotation from global axis is 90 degree

So C =0 S =1

f4x 0 600 0 0 -600 0 U4= 0

f4y -6 0 9 6 0 9 V4= 0
m4 = -9 0 18 9 0 9 x θ4= 0
f2x 1000 0 -600 0 0 600 0 U2= -3.87E-06
f2y 6 0 -9 -6 0 -9 V2= -1.25E-04
m2 -9 0 9 9 0 18 θ2= 7.76E-04

f4x = 75 KN
f4y = 6.96 KN
m4 = 6.948 KNm
f2x = -75 KN
f2y = -6.96 KN
m2 = 13.9 KNm
Comparisionof SAP 2000 Out Put
Rotational and translation at pont B and C
From Manual Calculation From Sap 2000 output
U1 = 3.87E-06 m U1 = 3.79E-06
V1 = -1.25E-04 m V1 = -1.25E-04
θ1 = -7.76E-04 Rad θ1 = -7.82E-04
U2 = -3.87E-06 m U2 = -3.79E-06
V2 = -1.25E-04 m V2 = -1.25E-04
θ2 = 7.76E-04 Rad θ2 = 7.82E-04

From SAP Out put

Element 1 Manual Calculation Element 1 SAP 2000 output

f1x = 6.96 KN f1x = 6.82 KN
f1y = 75 KN f1y = -75 KN
m1 = 13.93 KNm m1 = 13.75 KNm
f2x = -6.96 KN f2x = -6.82 KN
f2y = 75 KN f2y = 75 KN
m2 = -13.93 KNm m2 = -13.75 KNm
Element 2 Manual Calculation Element 2 SAP 2000 output
f3x = 75 KN f3x = 75 KN
f3y = -6.96 KN f3y = 6.82 KN
m3 = -6.948 KNm m3 = -6.71 KNm
f1x = -75 KN f1x = -75 KN
f1y = 6.96 KN f1y = -6.82 KN
m1 = -13.93 KNm m1 = -13.75 KNm

Element 2 Manual Calculation Element 2 SAP 2000 output

f4x = 75 KN f4x = 75 KN
f4y = 6.96 KN f4y = -6.82 KN
m4 = 6.948 KNm m4 = 6.71 KNm
f2x = -75 KN f2x = -75 KN
f2y = -6.96 KN f2y = 6.82 KN
m2 = 13.93 KNm m2 = 13.75 KNm
BM Diagram

Shear Force Diagram

 Axial Force Diagram

According to the FEM and Sap 2000 Results there have slight change in the results which shall be
neglectable. This shall be cause on followings.
* In manual calculations carried all calculations in round off values. From there shall bring
cumulative variation with such minor value.
*
In manual calculations considered only the purely provided values of the E and I which shall
applicable for the bending stiffener. However for the SAP model it is considering all 3
Dimentional configuration with material Properties such that bending and shear stifner. So
there shall bring minor change.
According to the SAP Model out put, it observed Shear force diagram shown in other direction
than usual sign convention. It because of the sap 2000 is considering postive direction of shear
force is in downward direction as extracted in following figure. So shear force diagram appeared in
mirored direction
Rotational and translation at the node B and C

Bending Mment Diagram

Shear Force Diagram

Axial Force Diagram