Coordinate

Geometry
Lecture - 3

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HomeWork Discussion
Example In the triangle ABC with vertices A(2,4), B(- 3,1) and C(1,2). Find the length of
altitude from the vertex A.
Example If the coordinates of two points A and B are (3, 4) and (5, - 2) respectively. Find
the coordinates of point P if PA = PB and Area of PAB = 10.
Important Points of a Triangle
 Centroid
The centroid of a triangle is the point of intersection of its medians.
Centroid

1. Median through A bisects the side BC.

2. Centroid Divides the median in the ratio 2:1

Example The centroid of a triangle is (2,7) and two of its vertices are (4, 8) and (–2, 6)
the third vertex is

A. (0, 0) B. (4, 7) C. (7, 4) D. (7, 7)

 Incentre
The incentre of a triangle is the point of intersection of internal
bisector of the angles.
Incentre

Angle Bisector Theorem:

Angle Bisector divides the opposite side in the
ratio of the length of containing sides.
Example Find the coordinates of incentre of the triangle whose vertices are
(0, 6), (8, 12) and (8, 0)
 Excentre

➔ Excenter is the point of concurrency of two

external angle bisectors and one internal
angle bisector.
 Excentre

Incenter and Excenter are Harmonic

Conjugates of each other with respect
to the angle bisector.
 Orthocenter

It is the point of intersection of Altitudes of a Triangle

 Circumcenter
It is the point of intersection of Perpendicular Bisectors of a
Triangle
 Important Results

In right angled triangle orthocenter is at the vertex with 90o

and circumcenter is mid point of hypotenuse.

Orthocentre, Centroid & Circumcentre are always collinear

& centroid divides the line joining orthocentre & circumcentre
in the ratio 2:1.

In an isosceles triangle G, O, I & C lie on the same line and in

an equilateral triangle, all these four points coincide.
Example The incentre of the triangle with vertices (1, √3), (0,0) and (2, 0) is

A. B. C. D.
Example Let O (0,0), P (3, 4), Q (6, 0) be the vertices of the triangles OPQ. The
point R inside the triangle OPQ is such that the triangles OPR, PQR,
OQR are of equal area. Then coordinates of R are :
2007
A. B. C. D.
Example The x-coordinate of the incentre of the triangle that has the
coordinates of mid points of its sides as (0, 1) (1, 1) and (1, 0) is: 2013 M
A. 2 + √2 B. 2 - √2 C. 1 + √2 D. 1 - √2
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