Yiadom 1

Eunice Yiadom

Professor Strehle

ENG COM 1201

9 July 2019

Annotation Bibliography

My essay will attempt to answer whether gun control in the United States can affect crimes

reduction. I want to know why guns were allowed to be used in the United States at the first

place. I want to know how will crime reduction if guns are band from using.

Alex Seitz-Wald, "The Answer Is Not More Guns," Salon, December 18, 2012. Copyright ©

2012 by Salon. This article first appeared in Salon.com, at http://www.Salon.com. An

online version remains in the Salon archives. Reprinted with permission.

If arming more civilians will help save lives is flowed than experts

Latzer, Barry. “The Futility of Gun Control as Crime Control.” Academic Questions, vol. 32, no. 2,

June 2019, pp. 288–292. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1007/s12129-019-09787-4.

The article presents an essay which deals with crime control with reference to gun control in the

U.S. Topics discussed include systematic relationship between crime and the issuance

of gun permits; an information that gun reform lobby has to come up with alternative approaches

to the problem of high gun homicides; and information on gun safety training.
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Cook, Philip J., and Jens Ludwig. “Understanding Gun Violence: Public Health Vs. Public Policy.”

Journal of Policy Analysis & Management, vol. 38, no. 3, June 2019, pp. 788–795. EBSCOhost,

doi:10.1002/pam.22141.

This article discusses gun violence as a public policy challenge in the U.S. According to the Centers

for Disease Control and Prevention, 40,000 deaths from gun violence were reported in 2017 in

the U.S. Topics discussed include back-and-forth dialogue between public policy and public

health experts about limitations of public health approach to address gun violence; punishing

perpetrators of criminal gun violence and law enforcement as one tool to address gun violence.

Donohue, John J. “More Gun Carrying, More Violent Crime.” Econ Journal Watch, no. 1, 2018, p.

67. EBSCOhost,

search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsgao&AN=edsgcl.549159188&site=eds-

live.

This article talks about the ADZ presented reasons for considering that county-data estimates were

less reliable than state-level estimates (for example, the government withdrew the 1993

county data as too flawed to rely on and scholars have emphasized the superior

reporting and more complete FBI validation in the state versus county data; in

addition, the county data only went to 2006 while the state data analyzed in ADZ

went through 2010). But ADZ certainly didn’t ignore the county-data results, nor
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would they have any reason to do so to avoid showing uncongenial results. Indeed, many of the

county-data estimates were larger and more statistically significant than the state-data estimates.

Since MM have had much greater support for

their coauthor Lott’s regression model, their affection for the county-level data

and for using the longest data period would presumably push them to embrace the

models with those three attributes.

Makarios, Matthew D., and Travis C. Pratt. “The Effectiveness of Policies and Programs That

Attempt to Reduce Firearm Violence: A Meta-Analysis.” Crime & Delinquency, vol. 58, no. 2,

Mar. 2012, pp. 222–244. EBSCOhost,

search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ958209&site=eds-live.

In this article, response to rising rates of firearms violence that peaked in the mid-1990s, a wide

range of policy interventions have been developed in an attempt to reduce

violent crimes committed with firearms. Although some of these approaches appear to be

effective at reducing gun violence, methodological variations make comparing effects across

program evaluations difficult. Accordingly, in this article, the authors use meta-analytic

techniques to determine what works in reducing gun violence. The results indicate that

comprehensive community-based law enforcement initiatives have performed the best at

reducing gun violence.

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Shi, Wei, and Lung-fei Lee. “The Effects of Gun Control on Crimes: A Spatial Interactive Fixed

Effects Approach.” Empirical Economics, vol. 55, no. 1, Aug. 2018, p. 233. EBSCOhost,

search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edb&AN=130896777&site=eds-live.

This paper examines the effect of right-to-carry laws on crimes. We relax the assumption that

unobserved time effects have homogeneous impacts on states; therefore, states with right-to-

carry laws may follow different time trends which might be stronger or weaker than those of

other states including states with no right-to-carry laws. The heterogeneous time trends are

modeled by a factor structure where time factors represent time-varying unobservable, and factor

loadings account for their heterogeneous impacts across states. No assumption is imposed on the

shape of the time trend. Crime statistics exhibit spatial dependence, and a state’s adoption of

right-to-carry law may have external effects on its neighboring states. Using a dynamic spatial

panel model with interactive effects, we find positive spatial spillovers in crime rates. Depending

on a crime category, an average 1% reduction in crime rates in neighboring states can

decrease crime rates by 0.069-0.287%, with property crimes exhibiting higher degrees of spatial

dependence than violent crimes. We find that although the passage of right-to-carry laws has no

significant effects on the overall violent or property crime rates, they lead to short-term increases

in robbery and medium-term decreases in murder rates. The results are robust to the number of

factors, a different sample ending point, and some alternative spatial weights matrices and model

specifications.

Galea, Sandro, and Roger D. Vaughan. “Learning From the Evolving Conversation on Firearms: A

Public Health of Consequence, July 2018.” American Journal of Public Health, vol. 108, no. 7,

July 2018, pp. 856–857. EBSCOhost, doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304490.

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An editorial is presented which addresses a potential firearms-related public health crisis in the U.S.

as of 2018, and it mentions a section of the current issue of the journal which

features articles dealing with gun violence protection. According to the article, close to 100

people in America die each day from firearms. High-profile shootings at places such as Marjory

Stoneman Douglas High School are assessed, along with firearms research and population health

science research.