Starting System

2012 Explorer | Overview | 1
Overview
The starter system controls the cranking of the engine. The starter motor is enabled by the starter relay when the relay is
activated by the Powertrain Control Module (PCM). The ignition switch provides voltage to the Body Control Module
(BCM) and Powertrain Control Module (PCM) to initiate cranking of the engine.
Remote Start
The remote start feature allows the operator to remotely start the engine from up to 100 meters (328 feet) away and is
activated using the Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT). Once started, the engine runs for 10 minutes. The run time can be
extended by the operator.
2 | 2012 Explorer | System Operation
System Operation
2012 Explorer | System Diagram | 3
System Diagram
4 | 2012 Explorer | Network Message Chart
Network Message Chart
Table 1: Module Network Input Messages Body Control Module (BCM)
Broadcast Message Originating Module Message Purpose
Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) data Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) module Provide the Body Control Module (BCM) with
the Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) Transmitter
Identification Code (TIC) and the button press
requesting a remote start.
Table 2: Module Network Input Messages Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
Starter crank request Body Control Module (BCM) Provides the Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
with ignition switch and hood input status and a
request to crank and start the engine during a
remote start event.
Remote start request Body Control Module (BCM) Provides the Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
with a request for remote start.
2012 Explorer | Starting System | 5
Starting System
NOTE: This vehicle is equipped with Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) that disables the engine from cranking and
starting if an unprogrammed Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) key is used or an invalid Powertrain Control Module
(PCM) ID is received. Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) is controlled by the Body Control Module (BCM). If there is a
Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) concern that cause the engine to be disabled, the Instrument Panel Cluster (IPC) displays
"STARTING SYSTEM FAULT" in the message center. For additional information on the Passive Anti-Theft System
(PATS), REFER to Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) - without Intelligent Access (IA).
Under normal operation, when the ignition is turned to START, the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) receives the
following inputs:
• Request to start the engine
• Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) is enable message
• Correct transaxle PARK or Neutral input from the Transmission Range (TR) sensor
When the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) receives the correct inputs, voltage and ground is supplied to the starter relay
coil. The starter relay coil is energized causing the relay contacts to close providing voltage to the starter solenoid, allowing
the starter motor to crank and start the engine.
The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) disengages the starter once an engine Revolutions Per Minute (RPM) threshold is
reached, a set crank time is exceeded or the ignition is turned OFF.
6 | 2012 Explorer | Remote Start
Remote Start
Under normal operation, when equipped with remote start, a remote start event is initiated when the Integrated Keyhead
Transmitter (IKT) transmits a remote start request signal to the Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) module. The Tire Pressure
Monitor (TPM) module sends a remote start request message to the Body Control Module (BCM). The Body Control
Module (BCM) sends a crank request message to the Powertrain Control Module (PCM). The factory equipped remote start
system does not operate if the ignition is in the RUN/START position or the hood is not closed.
The remote start system enables the engine to be started from up to 100 meters (328 feet) away, by pressing a sequence of
buttons on the Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT). The remote start system is activated by pressing the lock button on
the Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT), to make sure the doors are locked, followed by 2 presses of the remote start
button. The 3 button presses must occur within 3 seconds. The Body Control Module (BCM) acknowledges the start request
by flashing the exterior lights twice. Once started, the engine runs for 10 minutes (default run time is 10 minutes; the time
can be programmed by the customer to 5, 10 or 15 minutes) and the parking lights remain illuminated until the cycle is
complete. The remote start duration can also be extended by initiating remote start while the first timer is still running or by
initiating a completely independent start cycle when the first has completed. No more than 2 remote start sequences can
occur within a one hour period, unless the ignition is set to the RUN/START position between the remote start requests.
During the remote start cycle the power windows are inhibited and the radio will not turn on automatically but may be
switched on manually from inside the vehicle. If the remote start system fails to start the horn chirps twice.
To transition from remote start mode to drive mode, use a programmed Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT) to switch the
ignition to the RUN position. If a programmed Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT) is not used, the engine shuts off.
To deactivate the remote start system, press the remote start button once. When deactivating the remote start system the
parking lights turn off to give a visual indication that the engine and climate control features have turned off. It may be
necessary to be closer to the vehicle to deactivate the remote start feature than it was to initiate it due to ground deflections
and added noise from the engine running.
2012 Explorer | Component Description | 7
Component Description
8 | 2012 Explorer | Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT)
Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT)
The Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) system uses an Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT). The Integrated Keyhead
Transmitter (IKT) incorporates both the Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) and Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) functions
into a single device. The factory installed remote start (if equipped), is controlled by the Integrated Keyhead Transmitter
(IKT) function and allows the engine to be started from outside the vehicle. The Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) functions
controls the door Lock/Unlock features.
2012 Explorer | Passive Anti-Theft Transceiver | 9
Passive Anti-Theft Transceiver
REFER to Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) Transceiver.

10 | 2012 Explorer | Body Control Module (BCM)
Body Control Module (BCM)
The Body Control Module (BCM) is the gateway module, translating messages on the High Speed Controller Area Network
(HS-CAN) to Medium Speed Controller Area Network (MS-CAN). This allows a message to be distributed throughout both
networks.
2012 Explorer | Ignition Switch | 11
Ignition Switch
The ignition switch is controlled by the ignition lock cylinder with a key. When the ignition lock cylinder is turned using the
key, a mechanical connection positions the ignition switch to the selected position and allows the ignition switch to send
voltage to specific components. The ignition switch sends voltage to the Body Control Module (BCM) and Powertrain
Control Module (PCM) during engine cranking.
12 | 2012 Explorer | Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) receives input signals from sensors and other components (switches, relays). Based
on this information, the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) generates output signals to control various relays, solenoids and
actuators.
2012 Explorer | Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) Module | 13
Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) Module
The Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) module is a receiving antenna that receives high frequency signals. When a remote start
request is initiated from the Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT) the Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) module receives the
signal and communicates that remote start request message via the Medium Speed Controller Area Network (MS-CAN) to
the Body Control Module (BCM) to initiate a remote start event.
14 | 2012 Explorer | Transmission Range (TR) Sensor
Transmission Range (TR) Sensor
The Transmission Range (TR) sensor is located inside of the transaxle and indicates gearshift position to the Powertrain
Control Module (PCM). The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) uses that information to enable the starting system to start
the engine in PARK or NEUTRAL. REFER to Sensors and Switches .
2012 Explorer | Overview | 1
Overview
The starter system controls the starting of the vehicle. The starter is enabled by the starter relay when the relay is activated
by the Powertrain Control Module (PCM). The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) receives inputs from the start/stop
switch, Body Control Module (BCM) and Transmission Range (TR) sensor before activating the starter relay to crank the
engine.
Remote Start
The remote start feature allows the operator to remotely start the engine from up to 100 meters (328 feet) away and is
activated using the Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT). Once started, the engine runs for 10 minutes. The run time can be
extended by the operator.
2 | 2012 Explorer | System Operation
System Operation
2012 Explorer | System Diagram | 3
System Diagram
4 | 2012 Explorer | Network Message Chart
Network Message Chart
Table 1: Module Network Input Messages Remote Function Actuator (RFA)
Remote start command Tire Pressure Monitor Module (TPM) via Local Provides the Remote Function Actuator (RFA)
Interconnect Network (LIN) with the Intelligent Access (IA) key command
for a remote start.
Table 2: Module Network Input Messages Body Control Module (BCM)
Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) data (with Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module Provide the Body Control Module (BCM) with
Intelligent Access (IA)) the correct Intelligent Access (IA) key data.
Provides a request to the Body Control Module
(BCM) for starting per customer remote start
request.
Table 3: Module Network Input Messages Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
Starter crank request Body Control Module (BCM) Provides the Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
with ignition, hood input status and a request to
crank and start the engine during a remote start
event.
Remote start request Body Control Module (BCM) Provides the Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
with a request for remote start.
2012 Explorer | Starting System | 5
Starting System
NOTE: This vehicle is equipped with Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) that disables the engine from cranking if an
unprogrammed Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) key is used or an invalid Powertrain Control Module (PCM) ID is
received. Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) is controlled by the Body Control Module (BCM). If there is a Passive Anti-
Theft System (PATS) concern that cause the engine to be disabled, the Instrument Panel Cluster (IPC) displays
"STARTING SYSTEM FAULT" in the message center. For additional information, REFER to 419-01 Passive Anti-Theft
System (PATS) - with Intelligent Access (IA).
The Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module in conjunction with the Body Control Module (BCM) controls the ignition
modes and in conjunction with the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) controls the starting system.
Under normal operation, during a start event, the start/stop switch is pressed in combination with the brake pedal, the
Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module, Powertrain Control Module (PCM) and Body Control Module (BCM) receives a
request to start the engine.
The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) recognizes the correct inputs from the Body Control Module (BCM) and
Transmission Range (TR) sensor and provides voltage and ground to energize the starter relay coil and close the starter
relay contacts. The starter relay contacts close, providing voltage to the starter solenoid, allowing the starter motor to crank
the engine. The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) disengages the starter motor once an engine Revolutions Per Minute
(RPM) threshold is reached, a set crank time is exceeded or the stop/start button is pressed indicating an engine shutdown.
6 | 2012 Explorer | Remote Start
Remote Start
Under normal operation, when equipped with remote start, a remote start event is initiated by pressing a sequence of buttons
on the Intelligent Access (IA) key. The factory equipped remote start system does not operate if the ignition is in the RUN/
START position or the hood is not closed.
The remote start system enables the engine to be started from up to 100 meters (328 feet) away and is activated by pressing
the lock button on the Intelligent Access (IA) key, to make sure the doors are locked, followed by 2 presses of the remote
start button. The 3 button presses must occur within 3 seconds. The system acknowledges the start request by flashing the
exterior lights twice. Once started, the engine runs for 10 minutes (default run time is 10 minutes; the time can be
programmed by the customer to 5, 10 or 15 minutes) and the parking lights remain illuminated until the cycle is complete.
The remote start duration can also be extended by initiating remote start while the first timer is still running or by initiating
a completely independent start cycle when the first has completed. No more than 2 remote start sequences can occur within
a one hour period, unless the ignition is set to the RUN/START position between the remote start requests. During the
remote start cycle the power windows are inhibited and the radio will not turn on automatically but may be switched on
manually from inside the vehicle. If the remote start system fails to start the horn will chirp twice.
To transition from remote start mode to drive mode, use a programmed Intelligent Access (IA) key to transition to RUN. If
a programmed Intelligent Access (IA) key is not used, the engine shuts off.
To deactivate the remote start system, press the remote start button once. When deactivating the remote start system the
parking lights turn off to give a visual indication that the engine and climate control features have turned off. It may be
necessary to be closer to the vehicle to deactivate the remote start feature than it was to initiate it due to ground deflections
and added noise from the engine running.
2012 Explorer | Component Description | 7
Component Description
8 | 2012 Explorer | Body Control Module (BCM)
Body Control Module (BCM)
The Body Control Module (BCM) is the gateway module, translating messages on the High Speed Controller Area Network
(HS-CAN) to Medium Speed Controller Area Network (MS-CAN). This allows a message to be distributed throughout both
networks.
2012 Explorer | Intelligent Access (IA) Key | 9
Intelligent Access (IA) Key
The Intelligent Access (IA) key incorporates both the Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) and the Remote Keyless Entry
(RKE) transmitter functions in a single device. The Intelligent Access (IA) key must be located inside the vehicle for engine
starting. When the Intelligent Access (IA) key is activated it sends out a frequency signal that is received by the Tire
Pressure Monitor Module (TPM). The Intelligent Access (IA) key also contains a key blade that is used to enter the vehicle
as a backup.
10 | 2012 Explorer | Start-Stop Switch
Start-Stop Switch
The start/stop switch is a momentary contact switch that is hardwired to the Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module,
Body Control Module (BCM), and Powertrain Control Module (PCM). When the switch is pressed, it signals the Remote
Function Actuator (RFA) module, Body Control Module (BCM) and Powertrain Control Module (PCM) that there is a
request to either switch the ignition on or start the engine. The start/stop switch is connected to both modules as a backup in
case of a failure. If there is a circuit failure to either module from the start/stop switch, the modules communicate the start/
stop switch request to each other over the Medium Speed Controller Area Network (MS-CAN).
2012 Explorer | Remote Function Actuator (RFA) Module | 11
Remote Function Actuator (RFA) Module
The Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module interprets radio frequency signals from the Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM)
module and Intelligent Access (IA) key transmitters. The Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module receives input signals
from various modules and other components. Based on this information, the Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module
generates an output signal to control various components (door locks, liftgate, etc.).
12 | 2012 Explorer | Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) receives input signals from sensors and other components (switches, relays). Based
on this information, the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) generates output signals to control various relays, solenoids and
actuators.
2012 Explorer | Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) Module | 13
Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) Module
The Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) module is a receiving antenna that receives high frequency signals. When a remote start
request is initiated from the Intelligent Access (IA) key the Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) module receives the signal and
communicates the remote start request message to the Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module. The Remote Function
Actuator (RFA) module transmits the message via the Medium Speed Controller Area Network (MS-CAN) to the Body
Control Module (BCM) to initiate a remote start event.
14 | 2012 Explorer | Transmission Range (TR) Sensor
Transmission Range (TR) Sensor
The Transmission Range (TR) sensor is located inside of the transaxle and indicates gearshift position to the Powertrain
Control Module (PCM). The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) uses that information to enable the starting system to start
the engine in PARK or NEUTRAL. REFER to Sensors and Switches .
2012 Explorer | Symptom Chart: Starting System | 1
Symptom Chart: Starting System
Diagnostics in this manual assume a certain skill level and knowledge of Ford-specific diagnostic practices. REFER to
Diagnostic Methods for information regarding Ford-specific diagnostic practices.
Table 1: Symptom Chart
Condition Possible Sources Actions
• The engine does not crank (without • Battery • REFER to Diagnostic Routine A.
Intelligent Access (IA)) • Battery cables
• Fuse
• Wiring, terminals or connectors
• Ignition switch
• Starter motor
• Starter relay
• Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
• Transmission Range (TR) sensor
• Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS)
• Body Control Module (BCM)
• The engine does not crank (with • Battery • REFER to Diagnostic Routine B.
Intelligent Access (IA) • Battery cables
• Fuse
• Wiring, terminals or connectors
• Start/stop switch
• Brake switch
• Starter motor
• Starter relay
• Transmission Range (TR) sensor
• Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS)
• Body Control Module (BCM)
• Remote Function Actuator (RFA)
module
• The engine cranks slowly • Battery • CARRY OUT the starter system component test. REFER to
• Battery cables Starter Motor - Positive Circuit Test or REFER to Starter
• Wiring, terminals or connectors Motor - Ground Circuit Test.
• Starter motor
• Unusual starter noise • Starter motor mounting • REFER to Diagnostic Routine D.

• Starter motor engagement
• Starter motor
• Flexplate ring gear
• The starter spins but the engine does • Starter motor • INSPECT the starter motor mounting and engagement.
not crank REPAIR as necessary.
2 | 2012 Explorer | Symptom Chart: Starting System
Condition Possible Sources Actions
• Damaged flexplate • INSPECT the flexplate for damaged, missing or worn teeth.
REPAIR as necessary.
• The starter does not disengage from • Starter relay • REMOVE the starter relay. If the engine stops cranking,
the flexplate • Wiring, terminals or connectors INSTALL a new relay. If the engine continues to crank,
REPAIR circuit CDC25 (BN/GN) for a short to voltage.
• The remote start system operates • Integrated Keyhead Transmitter • REFER to Diagnostic Routine K.
with reduced range (without (IKT)
Intelligent Access (IA)) • Integrated Keyhead Transmitter
(IKT) battery
• Aftermarket systems
• High power devices
• TV/radio transmission towers
• Tire Pressure Monitor Module
(TPM)
• The remote start system operates • Intelligent Access (IA) key • REFER to Diagnostic Routine L.
with reduced range (with Intelligent • Intelligent Access (IA) battery
Access (IA)) • Aftermarket systems
• High power devices
• TV/radio transmission towers
• Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) module
• The remote start is inoperative • Wiring, terminals or connectors • REFER to Diagnostic Routine F.
• Hood switch
• Remote start feature not enabled
• Integrated Keyhead Transmitter
(IKT) (without Intelligent Access
(IA))
• Intelligent Access (IA) key (with
Intelligent Access (IA))
2012 Explorer | Diagnostic Overview | 1
Diagnostic Overview
Engine Does Not Crank (Without Intelligent Access)

Refer to Wiring Diagrams Cell 20 for schematic and connector information.
Normal Operation and Fault Conditions

When the ignition switch is turned to the START position, the Body Control Module (BCM) and Powertrain Control
Module (PCM) receive a request to crank the engine. When the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) receives the correct
inputs from the Body Control Module (BCM) and notification from the Transmission Range (TR) sensor that the gear
selector is in PARK or NEUTRAL, the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) then supplies voltage and ground to the starter
relay coil. The energized coil causes the starter relay contacts to close. This allows voltage to be supplied from the Battery
Junction Box (BJB) to the starter solenoid coil. The starter solenoid coil is grounded at the starter motor. Energizing the
starter solenoid closes the solenoid contacts allowing voltage directly from the battery to the starter motor, engaging the
starter drive into the ring gear causing the engine to crank. The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) disengages the starter
motor once an engine Revolutions Per Minute (RPM) threshold is reached, a set crank time is exceeded or the ignition
switch has been turned to the OFF position.
Visual Inspection and Diagnostic Pre-checks

• Inspect the battery.
• Inspect the battery cables.
• Inspect Battery Junction Box (BJB) fuse 19 (30A).
• Inspect Body Control Module (BCM) fuse 28 (15A).
• Inspect the starter motor.
• Inspect the starter motor bolts.
• Inspect the Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT).
• Inspect the starter relay.
• Inspect high current battery junction box connections.
2 | 2012 Explorer | Special Tool(s)
Special Tool(s)
Illustration Name Number TKIT Number
Flex Probe Kit NUD105-R025D -
Circuit Tester / Test Light SGT27000 -

2012 Explorer | Pinpoint Test | 3
Pinpoint Test
1. CHECK THE BATTERY

1) Check the battery condition and state of charge. REFER to Diagnostic Routine A.
• Is the battery OK?
Result Action
Yes GO to 2 on page 3.
No INSTALL a new battery. REFER to Battery.
2. CHECK FOR ANY MESSAGES IN THE MESSAGE CENTER
1) Check the message center while holding the ignition key in the start position.
• Is STARTING SYSTEM FAULT displayed in the message center?
Result Action
Yes REFER to Symptom Chart: Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS).
No GO to 3 on page 3.
3. RETRIEVE Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)
1) Ignition ON.
2) Using a scan tool, perform the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) self-test.
• Were Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) retrieved on-demand during self-test?
Result Action
Yes REFER to DTC Chart: Powertrain Control Module (PCM).
4. CHECK THE IN GEAR-TRANSMISSION IS APPLYING A LOAD TO ENGINE (IN_GEAR) Parameter
Identification (PID).
1) Using a scan tool, view the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Parameter Identifications (PIDs).
2) While observing the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Parameter Identification (PID) IN_GEAR, place the gear
selector in PARK and then NEUTRAL.
• Does the Parameter Identification (PID) read NO in both positions?
Result Action
No For 2.0L engine, REFER to Diagnostic Routine M.
For 3.5L engine, REFER to Diagnostic Routine D.
5. CHECK THE ENGINE CRANKING (ENG_CRANK) Parameter Identification (PID)
2) Make sure the transmission is in PARK or NEUTRAL.
3) While holding the key in the START position, monitor the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Parameter
Identification (PID) ENG_CRANK.
• Does the Parameter Identification (PID) change from Inactive to Active?
4 | 2012 Explorer | Pinpoint Test
Result Action
6. CHECK THE STARTER RELAY CONTROL OPERATION
NOTICE: The following step uses a test light to simulate normal circuit loads. Use only the test light recommended in
the Special Tools table at the beginning of this section. To avoid connector terminal damage, use the Flex Probe Kit for
the test light probe connection to the vehicle. Do not use the test light probe directly on any connector.
1) Ignition OFF.
2) Disconnect: Starter Relay.
3) Measure:
Battery Junction Box (BJB) Battery Junction Box (BJB)
Starter Relay Socket Starter Relay Socket
Pin Circuit Measurement / Action Pin Circuit
1 CDC12 (YE) 2 CDC26 (GY/OG)

5) While holding the key in the START position, observe the test light.
• Does the test light illuminate when the key is in the START position?
Result Action
7. CHECK THE VOLTAGE TO THE STARTER RELAY
1) Measure:
Battery Junction Box (BJB) Ground
Starter Relay Socket Ground
3 SBB19 (BU/RD) - Ground
• Is the voltage greater than 11 volts?
Result Action
No VERIFY Battery Junction Box (BJB) fuse 19 (30A) is OK. If OK, REPAIR the circuit for an
open. If not OK, REFER to the Wiring Diagrams manual to identify the possible causes of
the circuit short.
8. CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR OPERATION AT THE STARTER RELAY
1) With the gear selector in PARK or NEUTRAL, momentarily connect a fused jumper wire:
3 SBB19 (BU/RD) 5 CDC25 (BN/GN)
• Did the starter motor engage and the engine crank?

Result Action
Yes INSTALL a new starter relay.
9. CHECK THE BATTERY GROUND CABLE
1) Measure:
Battery Positive Post Engine Ground
Battery Positive Post Ground
- Battery Positive Post - Ground
Result Action
No INSTALL new battery cables. REFER to Battery Cables - 2.0L GTDI or REFER to Battery
Cables - 3.5L Ti-VCT.
10. CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR GROUND
1) Measure:
Battery Positive Post Starter Motor Case

- Battery Positive Post - Starter Motor Case
Result Action
No CLEAN the starter motor mounting flange and MAKE SURE the starter motor is correctly
mounted.
11. CHECK THE VOLTAGE TO THE STARTER MOTOR
1) Measure:
Starter Motor Ground
C197A ("B" terminal) Ground
1 SBF01 (RD) - Ground
Result Action
12. CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR FOR CORRECT OPERATION
1) With the gear selector in PARK, momentarily connect a fused jumper wire:
Starter Motor Starter Motor
C197A ("B" terminal) C197B ("S" terminal)
1 SBF01 (RD) 1 CDC25 (BN/GN)
• Did the starter engage and the engine crank?
Result Action
No INSTALL a new starter motor. REFER to Starter Motor - 2.0L GTDI or REFER to Starter
Motor - 3.5L Ti-VCT.
13. CHECK FOR START INPUT AT THE STARTER
1) Connect: Starter Relay.
2) Disconnect: Starter Solenoid C197B ("S" terminal).
3) With the gear selector in PARK, while holding the key in the START position, measure:
Starter Solenoid Connector Ground
C197B ("S" terminal) Ground

1 CDC25 (BN/GN) - Ground
Result Action
Yes CLEAN the starter solenoid ("S" terminal) and C197B. CHECK the wiring and the starter
motor for a loose or intermittent connection.
No REPAIR the circuit for an open.
14. CHECK THE Powertrain Control Module (PCM) START CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TO GROUND
1) Ignition OFF.
2) Disconnect: Audio Control Module (ACM) C240A.
3) Disconnect: Powertrain Control Module (PCM) C1381B (2.0L) or Powertrain Control Module (PCM) C175B
(3.5L).
4) For 2.0L, measure:
Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Ground
C1381B Ground
9 CDC12 (YE) - Ground
11 CE336 (GN/WH) - Ground

C175B Ground
• Are the resistances to ground greater than 10,000 ohms?
Result Action
No REPAIR the affected circuit for a short to ground.
15. CHECK THE Powertrain Control Module (PCM) START CIRCUITS FOR AN OPEN
Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Battery Junction Box (BJB)
C1381B Starter Relay Socket
9 CDC12 (YE) 1 CDC12 (YE)
11 CE336 (GN/WH) 2 CE336 (GN/WH)


37 CE336 (GN/WH) 2 CE336 (GN/WH)
• Are the resistances less than 3 ohms?
Result Action
No REPAIR the affected circuit for an open.
16. CHECK THE START CIRCUIT FOR VOLTAGE AT THE Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
1) Ignition OFF.
(3.5L).
3) For 2.0L, while holding the key in the START position, measure:
C1381B Ground
17 CDC35 (BU/WH) - Ground
1) For 3.5L, while holding the key in the START position, measure:
C175B Ground
Result Action
17. CHECK THE IGNITION SWITCH
1) Carry out the Ignition Switch component test. Refer to Wiring Diagrams Cell 149 for component testing.
• Did the ignition switch pass the component test?
Result Action
Yes REPAIR circuit CDC35 (BU/WH) for an open.
No INSTALL a new ignition switch. REFER to Ignition Switch.
18. CHECK FOR CORRECT Powertrain Control Module (PCM) OPERATION
1) Ignition OFF.
2) Disconnect and inspect all Powertrain Control Module (PCM) connectors.
3) Repair:
• corrosion (install new connector or terminals - clean module pins)
• damaged or bent pins - install new terminals/pins
• pushed-out pins - install new pins as necessary
4) Reconnect the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) connectors. Make sure they seat and latch correctly.
5) Operate the system and determine if the concern is still present.
• Is the concern still present?
Result Action
Yes CHECK On-Line Automotive Service Information System (OASIS) for any applicable Technical Service
Bulletins (TSBs). If a Technical Service Bulletin (TSB) exists for this concern, DISCONTINUE this test and
FOLLOW the Technical Service Bulletin (TSB) instructions. If no Technical Service Bulletin (TSB) address
this concern, INSTALL a new Powertrain Control Module (PCM). REFER to Powertrain Control Module
(PCM) - 2.0L GTDI or REFER to Powertrain Control Module (PCM) - 3.5L Ti-VCT.
No The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by module connections.
ADDRESS the root cause of any connector or pin issues.
Diagnostic Overview
Engine Does Not Crank (With Intelligent Access)


When the start/stop switch is pressed in combination with the brake pedal, the Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module,
Body Control Module (BCM) and Powertrain Control Module (PCM) receive signals to crank and start the engine. The
Powertrain Control Module (PCM) and Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module received notification from the
Transmission Range (TR) sensor that the gear selector is in PARK or NEUTRAL. The Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
then supplies voltage and ground to the starter relay coil. The energized coil causes the starter relay contacts to close. This
allows voltage to be supplied from the Battery Junction Box (BJB) to the starter solenoid coil. The starter solenoid coil is
grounded at the starter motor. Energizing the starter solenoid closes the solenoid contacts allowing voltage directly from the
battery to the starter motor, engaging the starter drive into the ring gear causing the engine to crank. The Powertrain Control
Module (PCM) disengages the starter motor once an engine Revolutions Per Minute (RPM) threshold is reached, a set crank
time is exceeded or the start/stop switch is pressed indicating an engine shutdown.

• Inspect the battery.
• Inspect the battery cables.
• Inspect Battery Junction Box (BJB) fuse 19 (30A).
• Inspect high current battery juction box connections.
• Inspect the starter relay.
• Inspect the start/stop switch.
2 | 2012 Explorer | Special Tool(s)
Special Tool(s)
Illustration Name Number TKIT Number
Flex Probe Kit NUD105-R025D -
Circuit Tester / Test Light SGT27000 -

Pinpoint Test
1. CHECK THE BATTERY

1) Check the battery condition and state of charge. REFER to Diagnostic Routine A.
• Is the battery OK?
Result Action
No INSTALL a new battery. REFER to Battery.
2. CHECK FOR NO KEY DETECTED MESSAGE IN THE MESSAGE CENTER
1) NOTE: There are certain areas inside the vehicle where the Intelligent Access (IA) key may not be detected and the
message center displays NO KEY DETECTED. If the Intelligent Access (IA) key is in the far outside edges of the
interior (like in a door map pocket or above a sun visor) it might not be detected. Move the Intelligent Access (IA)
key to a different location and try to start the vehicle again.
Check the message displayed in the message center while pressing the start/stop switch.
• Is NO KEY DETECTED displayed in the message center?
Result Action
Yes REFER to Diagnostic Routine F.
3. CHECK THE Instrument Panel Cluster (IPC) OPERATION
1) Observe the Instrument Panel Cluster (IPC) operation while pushing the start/stop switch.
• Do some indicators in the Instrument Panel Cluster (IPC) illuminate?
Result Action
4. CHECK FOR COMMUNICATION WITH THE SCAN TOOL
1) Using a scan tool, perform the Network Test.
• Does the Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module and Body Control Module (BCM) pass the Network
Test?
Result Action
Yes REFER to Diagnostic Routine E.
No If the Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module did not pass the Network Test, REFER to
Diagnostic Routine Z.
If the Body Control Module (BCM) did not pass the Network Test, REFER to Diagnostic
Routine I.
5. RETRIEVE Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)
1) Ignition ON.
2) Using a scan tool, perform the self-tests for:
• Powertrain Control Module (PCM).
• Body Control Module (BCM).

• Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module.
• Were Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) retrieved on-demand during self-test?
Result Action
Yes For all Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs), REFER
to DTC Chart: Remote Function Actuator (RFA).
For all Body Control Module (BCM) Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs), REFER to DTC
Chart: Body Control Module (BCM).
For all Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs), REFER to
DTC Chart: Powertrain Control Module (PCM).
6. CHECK THE CRANK FACTOR BRAKE (Crk_Fact_Brk) Parameter Identification (PID)
1) Using a scan tool, view the Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module Parameter Identifications (PIDs).
2) While observing the Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module Parameter Identification (PID) Crk_Fact_Brk, apply
the brake pedal.
• Does the Parameter Identification (PID) read YES when the brake was applied?
Result Action
7. CHECK THE OPERATION OF THE STOPLAMPS
1) While observing the stoplamps, apply the brake pedal.
• Do the stoplamps illuminate?
Result Action
No REFER to Diagnostic Routine M.
8. CHECK THE Brake Pedal Position (BPP) SWITCH CIRCUIT FOR VOLTAGE AT THE Remote Function Actuator
(RFA) MODULE
1) Ignition OFF.
2) Disconnect: Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module.
3) While pressing the brake pedal, measure:
Remote Function Actuator (RFA) Module Ground
C2153C Ground
18 CCB08 (VT/WH) - Ground
Result Action
9. CHECK THE IN GEAR-TRANSMISSION IS APPLYING A LOAD TO ENGINE (IN_GEAR) Parameter
Identification (PID)
2) While observing the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Parameter Identification (PID) IN_GEAR, place the gear
selector in PARK and then NEUTRAL.
• Does the Parameter Identification (PID) read NO in both positions?
Result Action
No For 2.0L engine, REFER to Diagnostic Routine M.
For 3.5L engine, REFER to Diagnostic Routine D.
10. CHECK THE ENGINE CRANKING (ENG_CRANK) Parameter Identification (PID)
3) While pressing the start/stop switch and the brake pedal, using a scan tool, monitor the Powertrain Control Module
(PCM) Parameter Identification (PID) ENG_CRANK.
• Does the Parameter Identification (PID) change from Inactive to Active?
Result Action
Result Action
11. CHECK THE STARTER RELAY CONTROL OPERATION
NOTICE: The following step uses a test light to simulate normal circuit loads. Use only the test light recommended in
the Special Tools table at the beginning of this section. To avoid connector terminal damage, use the Flex Probe Kit for
the test light probe connection to the vehicle. Do not use the test light probe directly on any connector.
1) Ignition OFF.
3) Measure:
1 CDC12 (YE) 2 CDC26 (GY/OG)

5) While pressing the start/stop switch and the brake pedal, observe the test light.
• Does the test light illuminate when the start/stop switch and brake pedal are pressed?
Result Action
12. CHECK THE VOLTAGE TO THE STARTER RELAY
1) Ignition OFF.
3) Measure:
Battery Junction Box (BJB) Ground
Starter Relay Socket Ground
3 SBB19 (BU/RD) - Ground
Result Action
No VERIFY Battery Junction Box (BJB) fuse 19 (30A) is OK. If OK, REPAIR the circuit for an
the circuit short.
13. CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR OPERATION AT THE STARTER RELAY
1) With the gear selector in PARK or NEUTRAL, momentarily connect a fused jumper wire:
3 SBB19 (BU/RD) 5 CDC25 (BN/GN)

Result Action
Yes INSTALL a new starter relay.
14. CHECK THE BATTERY GROUND CABLE
1) Measure:
Battery Positive Post Engine Ground
Battery Positive Post Ground
- Battery Positive Post - Ground
Result Action
15. CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR GROUND
1) Measure:

- Battery Positive Post - Starter Motor Case
Result Action
No CLEAN the starter motor mounting flange and MAKE SURE the starter motor is correctly
mounted.
16. CHECK THE VOLTAGE TO THE STARTER MOTOR
1) Measure:
Starter Motor Ground
C197A ("B" terminal) Ground
1 SBF01 (RD) - Ground
Result Action
17. CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR FOR CORRECT OPERATION
1) With the gear selector in PARK, momentarily connect a fused jumper wire:
Starter Motor Starter Motor
C197A ("B" terminal) C197B ("S" terminal)
1 SBF01 (RD) 1 CDC25 (BN/GN)
Result Action
No INSTALL a new starter motor. REFER to Starter Motor - 2.0L GTDI or REFER to Starter
18. CHECK FOR START INPUT AT THE STARTER
1) Connect: Starter Relay.
2) Disconnect: Starter Solenoid C197B ("S" terminal).
3) With the gear selector in PARK, press the brake and the start/stop switch.
4) Measure:
Starter Solenoid Connector Ground
C197B ("S" terminal) Ground

1 CDC25 (BN/GN) - Ground
Result Action
Yes CLEAN the starter solenoid ("S" terminal) and C197B. CHECK the wiring and the starter
motor for a loose or intermittent connection.
19. CHECK THE Powertrain Control Module (PCM) START CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TO GROUND
1) Ignition OFF.
2) Disconnect: Audio Control Module (ACM) C240A.
(3.5L).
4) For 2.0L measure:
C1381B Ground

C175B Ground
• Are the resistances to ground greater than 10,000 ohms?
Result Action
No REPAIR the affected circuit for a short to ground.
20. CHECK THE Powertrain Control Module (PCM) START CIRCUITS FOR AN OPEN
11 CE336 (GN/WH) 2 CE336 (GN/WH)

37 CE336 (GN/WH) 2 CE336 (GN/WH)
• Are the resistances less than 3 ohms?
Result Action
No REPAIR the affected circuit for an open.
21. CHECK THE START CIRCUIT FOR VOLTAGE AT THE Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
1) Ignition OFF.
(3.5L).
3) Ignition ON.
4) For 2.0L, while pressing the start/stop switch, measure:
C1381B Ground
5) For 3.5L, while pressing the start/stop switch, measure:

C175B Ground
Result Action
22. CHECK THE ENGINE START STOP BUTTON CIRCUIT 1 (START_STOP_1) Parameter Identification (PID)
1) Using a scan tool, view the Body Control Module (BCM) Parameter Identifications (PIDs).
2) While pressing the start/stop switch, monitor the Body Control Module (BCM) Parameter Identification (PID)
START_STOP_1.
• Does the Parameter Identification (PID) read correctly?
Result Action
Yes REPAIR the circuit for an open.
No REFER to Diagnostic Routine J.
23. CHECK FOR CORRECT Remote Function Actuator (RFA) MODULE OPERATION
1) Ignition OFF.
2) Disconnect and inspect all Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module connectors.
3) Repair:
4) Reconnect the Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module connectors. Make sure they seat and latch correctly.
Result Action
Yes CHECK On-Line Automotive Service Information System (OASIS) for any applicable
Technical Service Bulletins (TSBs). If a Technical Service Bulletin (TSB) exists for this
concern, DISCONTINUE this test and FOLLOW the Technical Service Bulletin (TSB)
instructions. If no Technical Service Bulletins (TSBs) address this concern, INSTALL a new
Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module. REFER to Remote Function Actuator (RFA)
Module.
No The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by module
connections. ADDRESS the root cause of any connector or pin issues.
1) Ignition OFF.
3) Repair:
Result Action
Diagnostic Overview
Unusual Starter Noise

Correct starter operation relies on correct mounting of the starter to the engine, alignment of the starter ring gear to the
flywheel and correct functioning of the starter assembly (internal gears, bearings).

• Inspect the starter motor mounting.
Pinpoint Test
1. CHECK THE STARTER MOUNTING

1) Inspect the starter mounting bolts for looseness.
• Is the starter motor mounted correctly?
Result Action
No INSTALL the starter motor correctly. REFER to Starter Motor - 2.0L GTDI or REFER to
Starter Motor - 3.5L Ti-VCT.
2. CHECK FOR STARTER NOISE
1) Ignition OFF.
2) Connect a remote starter switch between the starter solenoid C197A-1 ("B" terminal) and C197B-1 ("S" terminal).
3) Engage the starter and verify the noise is due to starter operation.
• Is the noise due to the starter engagement?
Result Action
Yes REFER to Starter Motor Drive Gear and Flywheel Ring Gear Inspection.
No REFER to Symptom Chart: NVH to continue diagnosis.
Diagnostic Overview
C113A:11, C113A:15

The wake up control circuit is used to wake up the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) prior to engine cranking. The
Powertrain Control Module (PCM) needs to wake up prior to a crank request so that it has time to go through its own
initialization. The wake up control circuit also powers the Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) transceiver (if equipped). The
wake up control circuit is controlled by the Body Control Module (BCM) and receives voltage from the Battery Junction
Box (BJB). The wake up control circuit is Field-Effect Transistor (FET) protected. REFER to Field Effect Transistor (FET)
Protection.
The Body Control Module (BCM) activates the wake-up control circuit when:
• the driver door is opened.
• a remote start request is received (if equipped with factory remote start).
• the brake pedal is pressed.
• a key is inserted into the ignition (without Intelligent Access (IA))
• the ignition is in the RUN or START position.
• the start/stop switch is pressed (with Intelligent Access (IA))
Table 1: DTC Fault Trigger Conditions
DTC Description Fault Trigger Conditions
C113A:11 Wake up Control: Circuit Short To Ground Sets when the Body Control Module (BCM)
detects a short to ground on the wake up control
circuit.
C113A:15 Wake up Control: Circuit Short To Battery or Open Sets when the Body Control Module (BCM)
detects a short to voltage or an open on the wake
up control circuit.

Pinpoint Test
1. RETRIEVE Body Control Module (BCM) Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)

1) Ignition ON.
2) Using a scan tool, perform the Body Control Module (BCM) self-test.
• Is Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) C113A:15 retrieved?
Result Action
No For Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) C113A:11, GO to 7 on page 7. For all other Body
Control Module (BCM) Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs), REFER to DTC Chart: Body
Control Module (BCM).
2. CHECK THE WAKE UP CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR A SHORT TO VOLTAGE
1) Ignition OFF.
2) Disconnect: Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) Transceiver (for vehicles without Intelligent Access (IA) only).
3) Disconnect: Body Control Module (BCM) C2280F.
(3.5L).
5) Ignition ON.
C1381B Ground
14 CE436 (VT/OG) - Ground

C175B Ground
• Is any voltage present?
Result Action
Yes REPAIR the circuit.
No For vehicles with Intelligent Access (IA), GO to 3 on page 3.
For vehicles without Intelligent Access (IA), GO to 5 on page 6.
3. CHECK THE WAKE UP CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR AN OPEN
1) Ignition OFF.
Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Body Control Module (BCM)
C1381B C2280F
14 CE436 (VT/OG) 5 CE436 (VT/OG)

Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Body Control Module (BCM)
C175B C2280F
35 CE436 (VT/OG) 5 CE436 (VT/OG)
• Is the resistance less than 3 ohms?
Result Action
No REPAIR the circuit.
4. CHECK THE Body Control Module (BCM) AND Powertrain Control Module (PCM) FOR CORRECT OPERATION
1) Connect: Body Control Module (BCM) C2280F.
2) Ignition ON.
C1381B Ground

C175B Ground

Result Action
No VERIFY Body Control Module (BCM) fuse 18 (10A) is OK. If OK, GO to 10 on page 9.
If not OK, REFER to the Wiring Diagrams manual to identify the possible causes of the
circuit short.
5. CHECK THE WAKE UP CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR AN OPEN
1) Ignition OFF.
2) Measure:
Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) Body Control Module (BCM)
C252 C2280F
1 CE436 (VT/OG) 5 CE436 (VT/OG)
• Is the resistances less than 3 ohms?
Result Action
6. CHECK THE Body Control Module (BCM) FOR CORRECT OPERATION
1) Connect: Body Control Module (BCM) C2280F.
2) Ignition ON.
3) Measure:
Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) Ground
C252 Ground
Result Action
Yes INSTALL a new Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) transceiver. REFER to Passive Anti-
Theft System (PATS) Transceiver.
No VERIFY Body Control Module (BCM) fuse 18 (10A) is OK. If OK, GO to 10 on page 9.
If not OK, REFER to the Wiring Diagrams manual to identify the possible causes of the
circuit short.
7. CHECK THE WAKE UP CONTROL CIRCUIT DTC FOR A FAULT STATUS CHANGE (SHORT TO GROUND
INDICATED)
1) Using a scan tool, clear the Body Control Module (BCM) Continuous Memory Diagnostic Trouble Codes
(CMDTCs).
2) Ignition OFF.
3) Disconnect: Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) Transceiver (for vehicles without Intelligent Access (IA) only).
(3.5L).
5) Ignition ON.
6) Using a scan tool, perform the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) self-test.
• Was Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) C113A:11 retrieved on-demand during self-test?
Result Action
8. CHECK THE WAKE UP CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR A SHORT TO GROUND
1) Ignition OFF.
2) Disconnect: Body Control Module (BCM) C2280F.
C1381B Ground

C175B Ground
• Is the resistance to ground greater than 10,000 ohms?

Result Action
9. CHECK THE Powertrain Control Module (PCM) FOR CORRECT OPERATION
1) Using a scan tool, clear the Body Control Module (BCM) Continuous Memory Diagnostic Trouble Codes
(CMDTCs).
2) Ignition OFF.
3) Connect: Powertrain Control Module (PCM) C1381B (2.0L) or Powertrain Control Module (PCM) C175B (3.5L).
4) Ignition ON.
• Was DTC C113A:11 retrieved on-demand during self-test?
Result Action
No For vehicles without Intelligent Access (IA), INSTALL a new Passive Anti-Theft System
(PATS) transceiver. REFER to Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) Transceiver.
For vehicles with Intelligent Access (IA), the system is operating correctly at this time. The
concern may have been caused by loose or corroded connector. ADDRESS the root cause of
any connector or pin issues.
10. CHECK FOR CORRECT Body Control Module (BCM) OPERATION
1) Ignition OFF.
2) Disconnect and inspect all Body Control Module (BCM) connectors.
3) Repair:
4) Reconnect the Body Control Module (BCM) connectors. Make sure they seat and latch correctly.
Result Action
Yes CHECK On-Line Automotive Service Information System (OASIS) for any applicable
Technical Service Bulletins (TSBs). If a Technical Service Bulletin (TSB) exists for this
concern, DISCONTINUE this test and FOLLOW the Technical Service Bulletin (TSB)
instructions. If no Technical Service Bulletins (TSBs) address this concern, INSTALL a new
Body Control Module (BCM). REFER to Body Control Module (BCM) - with Intelligent
Access (IA) or REFER to Body Control Module (BCM) - without Intelligent Access (IA).
No The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by module
connections. ADDRESS the root cause of any connector or pin issues.
1) Ignition OFF.
3) Repair:

Result Action
Diagnostic Overview
The Remote Start Is Inoperative

The factory equipped remote start system enables the engine to be started from up to 100 meters (328 feet) away by pressing
the Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT) or Intelligent Access (IA) key lock button followed by 2 presses of the remote
start button. The 3 button presses must occur within 3 seconds. The Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT) or Intelligent
Access (IA) key signal is received through an internal antenna in the Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) module and
communicated over the Medium Speed Controller Area Network (MS-CAN) to initiate the vehicle start.

• Inspect the remote start feature is enabled.
• Inspect the Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT) (without Intelligent Access (IA)).
• Inspect the Intelligent Access (IA) key.
• Inspect the hood switch.
• Verify the ignition is OFF.
Pinpoint Test
1. CHECK OPERATION OF THE Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT) OR Intelligent Access (IA) KEY
1) Press all buttons on the Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT) or Intelligent Access (IA) key and check for correct
operation.
• Is the remote start the only function that is inoperative?
Result Action
No For vehicles without Intelligent Access (IA), REFER to Diagnostic Routine I.
For vehicles with Intelligent Access (IA), REFER to Diagnostic Routine J.
2. CHECK THE VEHICLE STARTING
1) Attempt to start the vehicle using the key in the ignition or pressing the start/stop switch.
• Did the vehicle start?
Result Action
No This is not a remote start issue.
REFER to Diagnostic Routine A.
REFER to Diagnostic Routine B.
3. CHECK FOR ILLUMINATED ENGINE WARNING LAMPS
1) With the engine running, check the Instrument Panel Cluster (IPC) for illuminated warning lamps.
• Are any engine warning lamps illuminated?
Result Action
Yes CARRY OUT a self-test of the Powertrain Control Module (PCM). DIAGNOSE and
REPAIR any Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) present. REFER to DTC Chart: Powertrain
Control Module (PCM) or the Powertrain Control/Emissions Diagnosis (PC/ED) manual.
4. RETRIEVE Body Control Module (BCM) AND Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) MODULE Diagnostic Trouble Codes
(DTCs)
2) Using a scan tool, perform the Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) module self-test.
• Are any Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) present?
Result Action
Yes For Body Control Module (BCM) Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) C113A:11 or C113A:
15, REFER to Diagnostic Routine E.
For Body Control Module (BCM) Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) B1305:01, REFER to
Diagnostic Routine B.
For Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) U0140:87,
REFER to Diagnostic Routine E.
Result Action
For Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) U0422:68,
REFER to DTC Chart: Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) Module.
For all other Body Control Module (BCM) Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs), REFER to
DTC Chart: Body Control Module (BCM).
For all other Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) module Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs),
REFER to DTC Chart: Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) Module.
5. CONFIRM THE REMOTE START FUNCTION IS ENABLED
1) Ignition ON.
2) Check the message center and confirm the remote start function is enabled. Refer to the Owner's Literature.
• Is the remote start function enabled?
Result Action
No ENABLE the remote start function.
6. CHECK THE LAST RECEIVED Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) TRANSMITTER BUTTON PRESS
(LST_RKE_xMTR) OR LAST RECEIVED TRANSMITTER ID BUTTON PRESS (LST_XM_B_PRS) Parameter
Identification (PID)
1) Using a scan tool, view Body Control Module (BCM) or Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module Parameter
Identifications (PIDs).
2) Without Intelligent Access (IA), monitor Body Control Module (BCM) Parameter Identification (PID)
LST_RKE_xMTR.
3) With Intelligent Access (IA), monitor Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module Parameter Identification (PID)
LST_XM_B_Prs.
4) Press the remote start button on the Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT) or Intelligent Access (IA) key and note
the Parameter Identification (PID) status.
• Does the selected Parameter Identification (PID) indicate the remote start button was the last button
pressed?
Result Action
No For vehicles without Intelligent Access (IA), REPLACE and PROGRAM a new Integrated
Keyhead Transmitter (IKT). REFER to Key Programming Using Diagnostic Equipment or
REFER to Key Programming Using Two Programmed Keys.
For vehicles with Intelligent Access (IA), REPLACE and PROGRAM a new Intelligent
Access (IA) key. REFER to Key Programming Using Diagnostic Equipment or REFER to
Key Programming Using Two Programmed Keys.
7. CHECK THE Powertrain Control Module (PCM) WAKE UP CIRCUIT
1) Ignition OFF.
(3.5L).
3) Ignition ON.
C1381B Ground

C175B Ground

Result Action
No VERIFY Body Control Module (BCM) fuse 18 (10A) is OK. If OK, REPAIR circuit for an
the circuit short.
8. CHECK THE REMOTE START PRECONDITIONS FOR CORRECT OPERATION
1) NOTE: The Body Control Module (BCM) acknowledges the remote start request and that all preconditions have
been met by providing 2 short flashes of the turn indicators and a system complete chirp.
Make sure that the preconditions for remote start have been met:
• Hood is closed with no Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) present.
• Ignition must be OFF.
• Vehicle must be in PARK.
• Remote start feature is configured ON.
• Number of remote start events does not exceed allowed time (2 events in a 1 hour duration).
• Attempt to carry out a remote start.
• Is the remote start system still inoperative?
Result Action
No CARRY OUT the required precondition as necessary.
1) Ignition OFF.
3) Repair:
Result Action
2012 Explorer | Component Test | 1
Component Test
WARNING: Always disconnect the battery ground cable at the battery before disconnecting the starter motor battery
terminal lead. If a tool is shorted at the starter motor battery terminal, the tool can quickly heat enough to cause a skin
burn. Failure to follow this instruction may result in serious personal injury.
NOTE: Always make the Digital Multimeter connection at the component terminal rather than at the wiring end of the
connector. Making a connection at the wiring end of the connector could result in false readings because the meter will not
pick up a high resistance between the wiring connector and component.
1. Make sure the battery is fully charged; carry out a battery drain test. REFER to Battery Drain Test.
2. Connect a remote starter switch between starter solenoid “S” terminal C197B and the battery positive terminal.
3. Connect the Digital Multimeter positive lead to the battery positive post. Connect the negative lead to the starter
solenoid "M" terminal.
4. Engage the remote starter switch. Read and record the voltage. The voltage reading should be 0.5 volt or less.
5. If the voltage reading is 0.5 volt or less, go to the starter motor-ground circuit component test.
6. If the voltage reading is greater than 0.5 volt, this is an indication of excessive resistance in the connections, the
positive battery cable or in the starter solenoid. Move the Digital Multimeter negative lead to the starter solenoid “B”
terminal C197A and repeat the test. If the voltage reading at C197A is lower than 0.5 volt, the concern is either in the
connections at the starter solenoid or in the solenoid contacts.
7. Remove the cables from solenoid C197A, C197B and "M" terminal. Clean the cables and connections and reinstall the
cables to the correct terminals. Repeat Steps 3 through 6. If the voltage drop reading is still greater than 0.5 volt when
checked at the "M" terminal or less than 0.5 volt when checked at C197A, the concern is in the solenoid contacts.
Install a new starter motor. REFER to Starter Motor - 3.5L Ti-VCT.
8. If the voltage reading taken at the solenoid C197A is still greater than 0.5 volt after cleaning the cables and connections
at the solenoid, the concern is either in the positive battery cable connection or in the positive battery cable itself.
2 | 2012 Explorer | Component Test
9. Clean the positive battery cable connection. If this does not solve the problem, install new battery cables. REFER to
Battery Cables - 3.5L Ti-VCT.
2012 Explorer | Component Test | 1
Component Test
A slow cranking condition can be caused by resistance in the ground or return portion of the cranking circuit. Check the
voltage drop in the ground circuit as follows:
1. Connect a remote starter switch between starter solenoid C197B and the battery positive terminal.
2. Connect the Digital Multimeter positive lead to the starter motor housing (the connection must be clean and free of rust
or grease). Connect the negative lead to the negative battery terminal.
3. Engage the remote starter switch and crank the engine. Read and record the voltage reading. The reading should be 0.5
volt or less.
4. If the voltage drop is greater than 0.5 volt, clean the negative cable connections at the battery, the body ground
connections and the starter ground connection. Retest.
5. If the voltage drop is greater than 0.5 volt, install new battery cables. REFER to Battery Cables - 3.5L Ti-VCT. If the
voltage reading is less than 0.5 volt and the engine still cranks slowly, install a new starter motor. REFER to Starter
2012 Explorer | General Procedure | 1
General Procedure
1. Remove the starter motor. REFER to Starter Motor - 2.0L GTDI or REFER to Starter Motor - 3.5L Ti-VCT.
2. Inspect the wear patterns on the starter drive and the flywheel or flexplate ring gear. If the wear pattern is normal,
install the starter motor. REFER to Starter Motor - 2.0L GTDI or REFER to Starter Motor - 3.5L Ti-VCT.
3. If the starter drive gear and the flywheel or flexplate ring gear are not fully meshing or the gears are milled or
damaged, install a new flywheel or flexplate and a new starter motor. REFER to Flexplate or REFER to Flexplate and
REFER to Starter Motor - 2.0L GTDI or REFER to Starter Motor - 3.5L Ti-VCT.
2012 Explorer | Exploded View | 1
Exploded View
Item Service Part Description Tool Number Material Name Notes

Number
1 - Transmission shift cable adjustment lock - - -

(part of 7E395)
2 7H181 Transmission shift cable rotating slide snap - - -
3 W711892 Transmission manual control lever nut - - 18 Nm (159 lb-in)
4 7A256 Transmission manual control lever - - -
5 11N087 Starter motor solenoid battery cable terminal - - -

cover
6 W706414 Starter motor solenoid battery cable nut - - 12 Nm (106 lb-in)
7 - Starter motor solenoid battery cable terminal - - -

(part of 14300)
8 W705790 Starter motor solenoid wire nut - - 5 Nm (44 lb-in)
9 - Starter motor solenoid wire terminal (part of - - -

14300)
10 - Wiring harness retainer (part of 14300 ) - - -
11 W715721 Starter motor stud bolt (2 required) - - 48 Nm (35 lb-ft)
12 11002 Starter motor - - -

2 | 2012 Explorer | Removal
Removal
WARNING: Always disconnect the battery ground cable at the battery before disconnecting the starter motor battery
terminal lead. If a tool is shorted at the starter motor battery terminal, the tool can quickly heat enough to cause a skin
burn. Failure to follow this instruction may result in serious personal injury.
1. Disconnect the battery ground cable. REFER to Battery Disconnect.

2. Remove the Air Cleaner (ACL) assembly. REFER to Intake Air System Components - Exploded View .
3. Disconnect the transmission shift cable and adjustment lock from the transmission manual control lever.
4. Disconnect the transmission shift cable rotating slide snap and position aside the transmission cable.
5. Remove the nut and the transmission manual control lever.
6. Remove the starter motor terminal cover.
7. Remove the starter motor solenoid battery cable nut.
8. Remove the starter motor solenoid wire nut.
9. Detach the wiring harness retainer from the starter motor stud bolt and position the wiring harness aside.
10. Remove the 2 starter motor stud bolts and the starter motor.
2012 Explorer | Installation | 3
Installation
1. Position the starter motor and install the 2 stud bolts.

To install, tighten to 48 Nm (35 lb-ft).
2. Position the wiring harness and attach the wiring harness retainer to the starter motor stud bolt.
3. Install the starter motor solenoid wire terminal and the nut.
To install, tighten to 5 Nm (44 lb-in).
4. Install the starter motor solenoid battery cable terminal and the nut.
5. Install the starter motor terminal cover.
6. Position the transmission manual control lever and install the nut.
7. Position the transmission cable and connect the transmission shift cable rotating slide snap.
8. Connect the transmission shift cable and adjustment lock to the transmission manual control lever.
9. Install the Air Cleaner (ACL) assembly. REFER to Intake Air System Components - Exploded View.
10. Connect the battery ground cable. REFER to Battery Disconnect.

Starting System

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Starting System

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2012 Explorer | Overview | 1

Network Message Chart

Table 1: Module Network Input Messages Body Control Module (BCM)

Broadcast Message Originating Module Message Purpose

Table 2: Module Network Input Messages Powertrain Control Module (PCM)

Broadcast Message Originating Module Message Purpose

Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT)

Passive Anti-Theft Transceiver

REFER to Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) Transceiver.

Body Control Module (BCM)

Powertrain Control Module (PCM)

Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) Module

Transmission Range (TR) Sensor

Network Message Chart

Table 1: Module Network Input Messages Remote Function Actuator (RFA)

Broadcast Message Originating Module Message Purpose

Table 2: Module Network Input Messages Body Control Module (BCM)

Broadcast Message Originating Module Message Purpose

Table 3: Module Network Input Messages Powertrain Control Module (PCM)

Broadcast Message Originating Module Message Purpose

Body Control Module (BCM)

Intelligent Access (IA) Key

Remote Function Actuator (RFA) Module

Powertrain Control Module (PCM)

Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) Module

Transmission Range (TR) Sensor

Symptom Chart: Starting System

Table 1: Symptom Chart

Condition Possible Sources Actions

• Unusual starter noise • Starter motor mounting • REFER to Diagnostic Routine D.

Condition Possible Sources Actions

Engine Does Not Crank (Without Intelligent Access)

Normal Operation and Fault Conditions

Visual Inspection and Diagnostic Pre-checks

Illustration Name Number TKIT Number

Flex Probe Kit NUD105-R025D -

Circuit Tester / Test Light SGT27000 -

1. CHECK THE BATTERY

Starter Relay Socket Starter Relay Socket

Pin Circuit Measurement / Action Pin Circuit

1 CDC12 (YE) 2 CDC26 (GY/OG)

4) Make sure the transmission is in PARK or NEUTRAL.

Battery Junction Box (BJB) Ground

Starter Relay Socket Ground

Pin Circuit Measurement / Action Pin Circuit

3 SBB19 (BU/RD) - Ground

• Is the voltage greater than 11 volts?

Starter Relay Socket Starter Relay Socket

Pin Circuit Measurement / Action Pin Circuit

3 SBB19 (BU/RD) 5 CDC25 (BN/GN)

• Did the starter motor engage and the engine crank?

Battery Positive Post Ground

Pin Circuit Measurement / Action Pin Circuit

- Battery Positive Post - Ground

• Is the voltage greater than 11 volts?

Battery Positive Post Starter Motor Case

Pin Circuit Measurement / Action Pin Circuit

- Battery Positive Post - Starter Motor Case

• Is the voltage greater than 11 volts?

C197A ("B" terminal) Ground

Pin Circuit Measurement / Action Pin Circuit

1 SBF01 (RD) - Ground

• Is the voltage greater than 11 volts?