“Malunggay and

Spinach Powder”
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The study aimed to introduce the combination
of Malunggay and Spinach powder in
order to make a natural, nutritious and
practical supplement for all especially to those
health-conscious individuals.
Nevertheless, this study wouldn’t be possible
without the everlasting love, care and
assistance from the researcher’s family, who
supported her in the procurement of the much
needed logistics and references, cultivated
and propagated the Malunggay and Spinach
plants for the study, and uplifted the
researcher emotionally when she is taken
aback with discouragement.
The researcher would never forget to
acknowledge Miss Fairy T. Ramirez and Mr.
Glenn Q. Ocaña, who extended their invaluable
time, patience in explaining the whole
course of the research and gave words of
encouragement.
Furthermore, the researcher would like to
thank her classmates for the shared
information during casual talk and discussions.
Most of all, to God our Father, the source of all
strength and wisdom. For without
His unfaltering love and guidance this study
would never be realized.
DEDICATION
This labor of love is dedicated to our
beloved and supportive Dad and Mom.
To our patient and hardworking
teachers, Miss Fairy Rose T. Ramirez
and Mr. Glenn Q. Oca
ñ
a. Above all, to
our maker, God Almighty.
- Name
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE
Rationale
“
He gives us that vast goodness of nature and
vegetation is among those. As man
propagates for abundance; he deserves to
harbor tremendous benefits from it.
”
Man inhabited earth with all its richness laid
before him. With his gladness,
ingenuity and constant search for knowledge
he discovered numerous ways to enrich his
mind of endless ideas, body for health and
longevity and spirit to fulfill his close relation
with his maker and humanity. Thus, man
discovers infinite ways and makes use of
accessible resources to satisfy his longings for
health and wellness.
The discovery of herbal plants made the
possible existence of modern medicine.
Modern medicine makes use of these plants in
making capsulated herbal medicine or food
supplements. It is scientifically proven that
numerous of vitamins and minerals are found
in herbal plants that can supply the needs of
living things, specifically humans. These
vitamins and minerals help supply energy
within a person
’
s body, which is needed for
everyday activities in order for them to perform
well. Herbal plants nowadays are not just
made as medicinal purposes but also as food
ingredients so that it may add a unique and
healthier flavor to foods.
Malunggay or Horse radish (Moringa oelifera)
was once considered a "poor
man's vegetable" but now it is known as a
"miracle tree" or "nature's medicine
cabinet" by scientists and health care workers
from around the world because it
is loaded with vitamins and minerals that can
be an effective remedy against
many kinds of ailments such as arthritis,
anemia, ovarian cancer, heart
complications, kidney problems, asthma and
digestive disorders
.
This plant
thrives in tropical countries, mainly in
Southeast Asia, Central and South
America and Africa. It is indeed widely
cultivated. It grows up to ten (10)
meters tall and its leaflets are ovate to elliptic
and are two (2) centimeters long.
Each ounce of Malunggay contains seven
times the Vitamin C found in oranges,
four times the Vitamin A of carrots, three times
the iron of spinach, four times as
much calcium as milk and three times the
potassium of bananas. It is said that
that these plants require little maintenance,
which makes it easy for cash-
strapped people to gain health without
thinking of budget concerns.
Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is an edible
flowering plant in the family of
Amaranthaceae which originated from Central
and Southwestern Asia and is
now widely cultivated throughout the world. It
grows to a height of up to thirty
(30) centimeters and its leaves are simple,
alternate, ovate to triangular-based
and varies in size from two (2) to three (3)
centimeters long and one to fifteen
(15) centimeters broad. Besides of it being
considered as an herb rich in Iron, it is
also a rich source of Carbohydrates, Dietary
fiber, Fat, Protein, Vitamin A, Beta-
carotene, Lutein, Zeaxanthin, Folate, Vitamin
C, Vitamin E, Vitamin K and
Calcium. It is well-known in stabilizing the
blood sugar among diabetics, it
serves as an anti-oxidant, an anti-cancer
agent, it prevents from atherosclerosis
or thickening and hardening of arteries and it
aids in the formation of the blood
substance required for blood clotting.
The combination of both herbs can surely
make a nutritious supplement
for all ages. This study presents the result of
the beneficial mix of Malunggay
and Spinach known as
“
Malunggay and Spinach powder.
”
A power duo, a
product of nature, harness within reach and
concocted with simplicity.
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Statement of the Problem

The study aspired primarily, to search for
alternative ways of utilizing the common
backyard plants Malunggay and Spinach so
that it won
’
t be placed into waste. Secondarily,
make a different and simple preparation of it
right in one
’
s home aside from the usual
capsule and tablet forms, which currently
dominate in the market. Lastly, to disseminate
the information on how to augment a
nutritional need within in reach and friendly to
the
pocket.
The study addressed the following specific
questions:
1.) What are the procedures in preparing the
Malunggay and Spinach powder?
2.) Is there a specific expiration for this
product?
3.) Are there different processes of drying each
kind of leaves?
4.) How long can the end product be stored?
5.) Is it advisable to dry the Malunggay and
Spinach leaves under direct sunlight?
6.) What are the uses of the Malunggay and
Spinach powder as an additive?
7.) What specific amounts of Malunggay and
Spinach to be prepared to meet our nutritional
needs?
8.) What are the nutritional values from the
combination of Malunggay and Spinach?
9.) Can this research work possibly be pursued
in the future?
Significance of the Study
Health awareness is the prime investment,
ingenuity is the investor
’
s joining effort and wellness
is the net gain. Most people think that adapting
a healthy and well-conditioned life is
expensive and difficult to achieve. The
significance is just how one resourcefully
utilizes the
cheap, the natural abundance of nature, and
the untiring quest to alternatives and
remedies.
Malunggay and Spinach are kind of vegetables
that are rich with vitamins,
minerals and amino acids that are needed for
optimum health. The purposeful cahoots will
serve as a supplement
–
Malunggay, touted as
“
All- around miracle tree
”
or
“
Nature
’
s
medicine cabinet
”
contains a wide variety of nutrients in high
amounts and Spinach, known
as
“
Powerhouse of Nutrients
”
fill in essential Potassium, Phosphorus and
Niacin that
Malunggay does not have. This potent
combination in powder form add nutrition to
our
deficient diet due to modern farming methods,
nutrient-deficient soils, high levels of
pollution that places more stress, and busy
lifestyles that make it hard to prepare healthy
balanced diet. It acts as an inexpensive
insurance against nutritional deficiencies.
This study will promote awareness on the
relevance of serving of vegetable meals,
soup, bread, dessert, shakes, juices and mixes
with Malunggay and Spinach powder. It
encourage households to plant Malunggay and
Spinach in backyards for personal
consumption. Furthermore, it supports the
Department of Agriculture on their program of
propagating vegetable garden e.g. Malunggay
and Spinach as a
“
revenue-generating
industry
”
under its biotechnology program where it
currently enjoys wide array of
Malunggay, Spinach and other vegetable based
products manufactured in the Philippines
and being sold in local and international
markets. Finally, it inspires people to study and
search for benefits on vegetables and other
agricultural produce.
Scope and Limitations of the
Study
The study focused on the specifications of how
to procure the major quality ingredients, the
Malunggay and Spinach leaves and
conscientiously observed the proper storage
and
maintanance of suitable room temperature. It
took two (2) months and a half to get the final
result of the research work using the method
of experimentation. As Malunggay was
readily cultivated in the backyard on the
contrary, Spinach was a hard find. It started
from
a given tiny seedling from mountainous Busay
and was replanted. The Spinach was
tediously tended since it was never been
spared from the affectation of long drought as
brought by,
”
El Ni
ñ
o
”
phenomenon and propagated until such time
ready for harvest. The
study had undergone three (3) repeated
experimentations to come up with reliable and
factual results. Firstly, the outcome of the
Malunggay and Spinach leaves harvested at
noontime when the sun is intense. Secondly,
the two (2) primary ingredients were hanged
outside with moderate exposure to sunlight.
And lastly, the recommended procedure was
followed closely to yield the desired result.
Moreover, the study has its pitfalls as the
targeted yield of the Malunggay and Spinach
Powder
was 200 grams but the finished product
yielded only 60 grams with an approximate
proportion: 30 grams of Malunggay and 30
grams of Spinach leaves respectively due to
limited produce of Spinach leaves.
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
The review of the study focuses on the health
benefits given by the combination of
the malunggay and spinach powder
supplement and its preparation, which can
contribute
in the attainment of health and wellness by
making use of our local produce. With the
pollution and lifestyle changes, people need to
equip themselves with health-conscious
mindset by going natural to counteract the
radical effect of modern day living. Facts were
gathered from books and Internet as
references in order to get the needed
information for
the study.
Potter, Patricia stated that nutrients are the
elements necessary for body processes
and function. Energy needs are met from six
categories of nutrients: carbohydrates,
proteins, fats, water, vitamins and minerals.
Essential amino acids are the simplest forms
of protein; are those that the body cannot
synthesize but must be provided in the diet.
Nonessential amino acids are the simplest
forms of protein; are those that can be
synthesize in the body.
Wolff, LuVerne implied that food supplements
are preparations containing
vitamins, minerals, or proteins, or combination
of these, and other
nutrients. Their purpose is to add nutrition to
the diet. Certain foods, such as cereals and
breads, may be nutritionally enriched or
fortified by adding supplements to replace
vitamins and minerals removed by food
processing.
In Encyclopedia Americana, Volume 20, it is
placed that the major classes of nutrients-
proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins,
minerals and water- differ widely in their
functions
in the body.
Atherosclerosis is a disease of the arteries in
which fatty plaques develop on their inner
walls, with the eventual obstruction of blood
flow.
It is stated in Encyclopedia Americana, Volume
25, that Spinach; Scientific Name:
Spinacia Oleracea; An annual potherb whose
leaves are popular vegetable. Known to be a
“
Powerhouse of Nutrient
”
among all green leafy veggies. The leaves are
alternate, simple,
ovate to triangular-based, very variable in size
from about 2-30 cm. Long and 1-15 cm.
Broad, with larger leaves at the base and small
leaves higher on the flowering stem. The
flowers are inconspicuous, yellow-green, 3-4
mm. diameter, maturing into a small hard dry
lumpy fruit cluster 5-10 mm. across containing
several seeds. Its Nutritional Value per 100
grams: Vitamin A, Vitamin B, Vitamin C,
Potassium, Vitamin B2 Riboflavin, Niacin, Iron,
Calcium, Phosphorus, Carbohydrates, Protein,
and Calories.
It is stated in
http://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/benefits-
of-spinach-1370.html

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that spinach is known to be a
‘
Powerhouse of Nutrients
’
among all green leafy veggies, the
spinach is one of the most beneficial and
healthy vegetables. It is filled with
vitamins
,
proteins, anti-oxidants and essential nutrients
that promote overall good health and well-
being.
It is placed in
http:

//hubpages.com/hub/Health_Benefits_of_Spinac
h
that Spinach
contains choline and inositol, the substances
that help to prevent atherosclerosis or
thickening and hardening of arteries. Spinach
and alfalfa help stabilize
blood sugar
among
diabetics. Make a drink by getting several
handful of spinach, add 3 cups of water. Place
over low heat for one hour. Then strain. Take
½
cup twice a day. Spinach and alfalfa may be
served as part of the meal. Spinach is loaded
with flavonoid that function as antioxidant
and anti-cancer agent. Spinach contains
carotenoid that help fights cancer. Spinach is
a rich
source of Vitamins C and A Spinach is an anti-
aging vegetable. Spinach is a good source of
Vitamin K, which aids in the formation of the
blood substance required for clotting of
blood.
Spinach is helpful in the cases of; Anemia,
Tumors, Constipation, Insomnia, Obesity,
Neuritis (inflammation of nerves), Nerve
exhaustion, High blood pressure, Bronchitis,
Colon cancer, Prostate cancer, Breast cancer,
Osteoporosis, Dyspepsia (chronic indigestion),
Also helps ailment of the kidneys, bladder and
liver.
It is stated in
http:

//healthsupplementsnutritionalguide.com/healt
h-
supplements.html
that in reports published in the June 19 2002
edition of JAMA (Journal of
the American Medical Association), they
concluded that the modern American diet is
enough to prevent deficiency diseases, but not
enough to support optimal health.
According to
http:

//www.malunggay.com/therapeutics.htm
, Malunggay can rebuild
weak bones, enrich anemic blood and enable a
malnourished mother to nurse her starving
baby. Ounce for ounce, it has the calcium of
four glasses of milk, the vitamin C of seven
oranges and the potassium of three bananas.
In
http:

//www.malunggayherbtea.com/
Malunggay (Moringa Oleifera) is considered an
herbal plant. Malunggay has been scientifically
proven to help prevent common body
ailments such as: constipation, flatulence,
asthma, high- and low-blood pressure, ulcer,
diabetes, and lumbago. It is also known to be a
good source of nutrients for lactating
mothers and helps in the production of breast
milk. Malunggay is also found to be an
outstanding source of vitamins A, B, C, and E,
and minerals such as Iron and Calcium. It is
also considered as an Antioxidant that helps
prevent chronic diseases such as arthritis,
heart
and kidney diseases, and even cancer.
Malunggay has been labeled as Nature
’
s Medicine
Cabinet, Mother of all Herbs, Miracle Tree and
many other names. All these names and
labels a testimony to the Malunggay
’
s amazing ability to fight more than 300
diseases.
Definition of Terms
The following definitions are used to further
understand the study:
Anemia
is the reduction of the oxygen-carrying
pigment hemoglobin in the blood.
Anti-oxidant
is a substance capable of neutralizing oxygen
free radicals, the highly active and
damaging atoms and chemical groups
produced by various disease processes, and by
poisons, radiation, smoking, and other
agencies.
Arthritis
is an inflammation of one or more joints,
characterized by swelling, warmth, redness
of overlying skin, pain, and restriction of
motion.
Asthma
is a condition characterized by wide-spread
narrowing of the bronchial airways that
leads to cough, wheezing, and difficulty in
breathing.
Atherosclerosis
is a disease of the arteries in which fatty
plaques develop on their inner walls,
with the eventual obstruction of blood flow.
Diabetes
is any disorder of metabolism causing
excessive thirst and the production of large
volumes of urine.
Essential amino acids
are the simplest forms of protein; are those
that the body cannot
synthesize but must be provided in the diet.
Food supplements
are preparations containing vitamins,
minerals, or proteins, or combination
of these, and other nutrients. Their purpose is
to add nutrition to the diet. Certain foods,
such as cereals and breads, may be
nutritionally enriched or fortified by adding
supplements to replace vitamin and minerals
removed by food processing.
Health
is a state of complete physical, mental, and
social well-being, and not merely the absence
of disease or infirmity.
Herb
is a plant or plant part valued for its medicinal,
savory, or aromatic qualities.
Minerals
are inorganic elements essential to the body
as catalyst in biochemical reactions.
Classified as macrominerals when the daily
requirement is 100 mg. or more and
microminerals or trace elements when less
than 100 mg. is needed daily e.g. Selenium
which has antioxidant property.
Malunggay
; Scientific Name: Moringa Oleifera; considered
“
poor man
’
s veggie, all-
around miracle tree, and nature
’
s medicine cabinet.
”
It thrive in

countries that have hot and dry climates. Its

leaves can actually be eaten raw but best
added in
meals as a special ingredient or diet
supplement. Moringa dried leaf powder
contains
Protein, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Calcium,
Magnesium, Potassium, Phosphorus, Copper,
Iron,
Selenium, Vitamin A-B carotene, Vitamin B
Choline, Vitamin B1 Thiamine, Vitamin B2
Riboflavin, Vitamin B3 Nicotinic Acid, Vitamin
C Ascorbic Acid, Vitamin E Tocopherol
Acetate, Calories, Moisture, Oxalic Acid,
Essential Amino Acids; Arginine, Histidine,
Lysine Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine,
Phenylalanine,Threonine, Tryptophan,
Nonessential Amino Acids: Alanine, Aspartic
Acid,Glutamic Acid, Cystine, Glycine,
Proline, Serine and Tyrosine.
Nonessential amino acids
are the simplest forms of protein; are those
that can be synthesize in
the body.
Nutrients
are the elements necessary for body
processes and function. Energy needs are met
from six (6) categories of nutrients:
carbohydrates, proteins, fats, water, vitamins,
and
minerals.
Powder
is a medicinal preparation consisting of a
mixture of two or more drugs in the form of
fine particles.

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Spinach
; Scientific Name: Spinacia Oleracea; An
annual potherb whose leaves are
popular vegetable. Known to be a
“
Powerhouse of Nutrient
”
among all green
leafy veggies. The leaves are alternate, simple,
ovate to triangular-based, very
variable in size from about 2-30 cm. Long and
1-15 cm. Broad, with larger leaves
at the base and small leaves higher on the
flowering stem. The flowers are
inconspicuous, yellow-green, 3-4 mm.
diameter, maturing into a small hard dry
lumpy fruit cluster 5-10 mm. across containing
several seeds. Its Nutritional
Value per 100 grams: Vitamin A, Vitamin B,
Vitamin C, Potassium, Vitamin B2
Riboflavin, Niacin, Iron, Calcium, Phosphorus,
Carbohydrates, Protein, and
Calories.
Wellness
is the quality or state of being in good health
especially as an actively
sought goal.
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
In acquiring the study of Malunggay and
Spinach powder, constant research was
done. Facts were gained from books and
computer resources. The abundance of the
said
vegetables which most of the time left out
wilted aroused a curious mind thus the
research
drew its concept. The accessibility and
availability of both vegetables inspired the
research
where an actual and continuous propagation
was made to ensure freshness of harvest
during the several process of experimentation.
A series of trial and error process was made
wherein an exact time of harvest must be
observed and storage in a well-ventilated room
must be followed. Three rooms in the house
were carefully chosen in which a room at the
basement was ample to suit the experiment
need. Both vegetables compliment each other
in
terms voluminous vitamins and minerals that
supplement the everyday nutrient needs of
people in order to fulfill their daily activities.
The preparation of Malunggay and Spinach
powder are as follows:
Harvest Malunggay and Spinach leaves early
morning just when the dew has dried up.
Bundle Malunggay and Spinach leaves and
hang upside down in a well-ventilated room.
Don
’
t expose to sunlight. Use brown paper bag to
catch falling leaves. Use clothes
’
pin to
secure the brown paper bag to where you hang
both leaves. Allow leaves to fall in the paper
bag. Grind, pound or blend when the leaves
dried up. Seal in a container.
Varied usage of this powder as:
Tea, combine in vegetable meal, soup, bread,
cookies, cakes, desserts, shakes, juices,
sandwiches and ice cream.
CHAPTER 4
RESULTS AND FINDINGS
Number of
Experimentation
Process
Outcome
Trial 1
Harvested Malunggay and Spinach
leaves at noontime. Bundled the
leaves and hanged in a well-
ventilated room. Pounded after
leaves fell off. Sealed in a container.
Gathered leaves were of crisper
and rough quality. Fell off faster
exactly three (3) days time from the
storage room. Yielded a brownish
colored powder.
Trial 2
Harvested Malunggay and Spinach
leaves early morning, just when the
dew has dried up. Bundled the
leaves and hanged outside with
moderate exposure to sunlight.
Pounded after leaves fell off.
Sealed in a container.
Gathered freshly green leaves. Fell
off from stalks within five (5) days.
Yielded a brownish colored
powder.
Trial 3
Harvested Malunggay and Spinach
leaves early morning, just when the
dew has dried up. Bundled the
leaves and hanged in a well-
ventilated room. Pounded after
leaves fell off. Sealed in a container.
Gathered freshly green leaves.
Fell off completely from stalks
seven (7) days. Yielded a dark
green powder.
The study showed that the specifics: time of
harvest specifically
early morning
–
just the morning dew has dried up and room
temperature for storage- where air freely
circulates are
significant factors in the result and success of
the
experimentation.
CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY OF RESULTS, CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
Results
The research yielded consistent data that the
Malunggay and Spinach leaves dry up
well when stored in a well-ventilated room
without the direct exposure of sunlight and is
easier to pound in order to be made as an all-
natural food powder. Before achieving the
wanted result of the study, recommended
procedures have to be done. The researcher
gathered the Malunggay and Spinach leaves
and hung it upside down with a clothe
’
s pin in
a well-ventilated room. A brown paper bag is
used in catching the falling leaves. In a week,
the leaves of both plant stalks fell down. A
mortar and pestle were used in pulverizing the
leaves to make it into a healthy food powder.
And lastly, the end product was sealed in a
clean container ready for consumption.
Conclusions
From the research done, the researcher found
out that time must be a primary
consideration in harvesting and picking of
Malunggay and Spinach leaves. The
importance
of the environment
–
appropriate circulating air as a room for
storage perfected the drying
and falling of leaves, which is possible within a
week. The complete falling and natural air -
drying the leaves helps in
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easy pounding of the leaves thus, come up

with an assured quality for consumption.
However,
the current climatic change as evidenced by
high temperature affected the growth of
Spinach plant. The scarcity of the Spinach
leaves deterred the researcher to produce the
targeted 200 gram yield
–
an equal proportion of 100 gram from
Malunggay and Spinach
leaves respectively.
Recommendations
Based in the researcher
’
s observation, it was found out that the harvest
made past
noontime gathered a crispier and rough quality
of leaves and felled off faster
–
exactly 3
days from the same storage room. During the
pulverizing process it resulted to a brownish
colored powder compared from an early
morning pick which is dark green. The
researcher
recommends picking or harvesting the
Malunggay and Spinach leaves after the
morning
dew has dried
–
an assurance of leaves at its freshest state.
Hanging them in a well-
ventilated room is advisable so that it would
not get very dry. Direct exposure to sunlight is
not recommended because it results to
withered leaves affecting the quality of leaves
for
future processing. The storage for the finished
product is three (3) to five (5) days because if
overly stored will attract molds growth as it
was meant all natural, no preservative added.
An alternative gadget aside from mortar and
pestle in pounding the leaves, one can use a
grinder to make one
’
s job easier, faster and come up with a uniform
and fine consistency.

Appendices
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REFERENCES
A. Books
Potter, Patricia A. et al (2002).
Fundamentals of Nursing 5
th
edition.
St. Louis,
Missouri. Mosby, Inc., Volume 2.
Wolff, LuVerne et al. (1983).
Fundamentals of Nursing 7
th
edition.
J.B. Lippincott
Co., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
B. Encyclopedias
Encylopedia Americana International
Edition,(2006) Volume 20
“
NUTRITION
”
,p.
567-574.
Encyclopedia Americana International Edition,
(2006) Volume 25
“
SPINACH
”
,p.
502.

D. Websites
http:

//lifestyle.iloveindex.com/lounges/benefits-of-
spinach-1370.html
.
http:

//www.drlera.com/MINERALS/SULFUR.HTM
http:

//healthsupplementsnutritionalguide.com/reco
mmended-daily-
allowances.html#INFANTS
http:

//hubpages.com/hub/Health_Benefits_of_Spinac
h
http:
//healthsupplementsnutritionalguide.com/healt
h-supplements.html
http:

//malunggayherbtea,multiply,com.journal/item/2
http:

//www.malunggay.com/therapeutics.htm
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