Principles of motion economy

Subdivisions of Principles of Motion Economy

 Principles  of  mo.on  economy  will  be  presented  

 under  the  following  three  subdivisions:  
1)  Principles  of  mo.on  economy  as  related  to  

         the  human  body.  

2)  Principles  of  mo.on  economy  as  related  to  

           the  arrangement  of  the  place.  

3)  Principles  of  mo.on  economy  as  related  to  

         the  design  of  tools  and  equipment.  

PRINCIPLES OF MOTION ECONOMY RELATED TO USE
OF HUMAN BODY
Principle  of  mo.on  economy  as  related  to  the  use  of    the  human  body.  
1.  The  two  hands  should  begin  as  well  as  complete  
       their  mo.ons  at  the  same  .me.  
2.  The  two  hands  should  not  be  idle  at  the  same  .me  
       except  during  rest  period.  
3.  Mo.ons  of  the  arms  should  be  made  in  opposite  
       and  symmetrical  direc.ons  and  should  be  made  
       simultaneously.  
4.  Hand  and  body  mo.ons  should  be  confined  to  the  
       lowest  classifica.on  with  which  it  is  possible  to  
       perform  the  work  sa.sfactorily.  
     General  Classifica-on  of  Hand  Mo-ons  
       a.  Finger  mo.ons.  
       b.  Mo.ons  involving  fingers  and  wrist.  
       c.  Mo.ons  involving  fingers,  wrist,  and  forearm.  
       d.  Mo.ons  involving  fingers,  wrist,  forearm,  and  upper  
               arm.  
       e.  Mo.ons  involving  fingers,  wrist,  forearm,  upper  arm  and  shoulder.  
Principles OF MOTIOM ECONOMY related to use of human body

5.  Momentum  should  be  employed  to  assist  the  worker  

       wherever  possible,  and  it  should  be  reduced  to  a  
       minimum  if  it  must  be  overcome  by  muscular  effort.  
6.  Smooth  con.nuous  curved  mo.ons  of  the  hands  are  
       preferable  to  straight  line  mo.on  involving  sudden  
         and  sharp  changes  in  direc.on.  
7.  Ballis.c  movements  are  faster,  easier,  and  more  
       accurate  than  restricted  (fixa.on)  or  “controlled”  
       movements.  
8.  Work  should  be  arranged  to  permit  an  easy  and  natural  
         rhythm  wherever  possible.  
9.  Eye  fixa.ons  should  be  as  few  as  close  together  as  
         possible.  
•  -­‐  Eye  Movements  
•  -­‐  Eye  –  Hand  Coordina.on  
Example on use of HUMAN body using motion picture film

Print of motion picture film showing eye

and hand motions of
the operator assembling small parts.
PRINCIPLES OF MOTION ECONOMY ON USE OF HUMAN BODY -
EXAMPLE
PRINCIPLES OF MOTION ECONOMY ON USE OF HUMAN BODY -
EXAMPLE
Punch press eye fixation example
Punch press eye fixation example
Punch press eye fixation example
Principles related to arrangement of workplace

     Principle  of  mo.on  economy  as  related  to  the  

     work  place.  
1.  There  should  be  a  definite  and  fixed  place  for  all  tools  
       and  materials.  
2.  Tools,  materials,  and  controls  should  be  located  close  
       to  the  point  of  use.  
•  -­‐  Normal  working  area  
•  -­‐  Maximum  working  area  
Principles related to arrangement of workplace- normal/
maximum working area
dimensions of working areas IN 2 DIMENSIONS-male
Dimensions of working areas IN 2 DIMENSIONS -female
Working space areas – 3Dimensions
Principles of motion economy related to ARRANGEMENT OF workplace -
example
PRINCIPLES OF MOTION ECONOMY RELATED TO ARRANGEMENT OF
WORKPLACE
BOLT AND WASHERS ASSLY
BOLT AND WASHER ASSEMBLY (OLD METHOD)

A - Special rubber
washer
B – Flat steel
washer
C – Lock washer
D – 3/8 x 1 inch
bolt

Containers with
BOLT AND WASHER ASSLY- IMPROVED METHOD
PRINCIPLES OF MOTION ECONOMY RELATED TO ARRANGEMENT OF
WORKPLACE
Principles of motion economy relateD TO ARRANGEMENT OF
WORKPLACE
Principles of motion economy relateD TO ARRANGEMENT OF
WORKPLACE

7.  The  height  of  the  work  place  and  the  chair  should  
             preferably  by  arranged  so  that  alternate  siZng  and  
             standing  at  work  are  easily  possible  .                                                    

Sitting-standing Sitting-standing
work place work place
for males. for females.
Principles of motion economy relateD TO ARRANGEMENT OF
WORKPLACE

8.  A  chair  of  the  type  and  height  to  permit  good  posture  
               should  be  provided  for  every  worker.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SiZng  work  place  for  males.        SiZng  work  place  for  females.  
Principles of motion economy related to design of tools and
equipment
Principle of motion economy related to design of equipment-
example
Principle of motion economy related to design of equipment - example
Principle of motion economy related to design of equipment - example
Principles of motion economy related to design of tools and equipment
Principles of motion economy related to design of equipment and tools