2.

AKKADIA

2.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[Cf. 0.1]

“Accadica”, in “Saggio di bibliografia semitica 1976-1978”, by F. Vattioni, AIO 1976-1992. [cf. 0.1.3].
“Accadien”, in W.S. Lasor, A Basic Semitic Bibliography (Fuller Theological Seminary, Bibliographical Series I),
Weaton, Ill. 1950.
“Accadien”, in “Bibliographie sémitique, 1-9 [1939-1964]”, by S. Moscati et al., Or 1947-1963 [cf. 0.1.3].
“Akkadian”, in Bibliographie linguistique des Années / Linguistic Bibliography for the Year 1939-1947, 1948- ,
Utrecht(-Bruxelles)-Anvers 1940- [“Langues Chamito-Sémitiques / Hamito-Semitic Languages”].
“Akkadian”, by W.H. Römer in J.H. Hospers, ed., A Basic Bibliography for the Study of the Semitic Languages, 2
vols., Leiden 1973, I, pp. 365-383.
“Akkadien. Sumérien”, in P.-É. Langevin, Bibliographie biblique... III: 1930-1983, Quebec 1985, pp. 338-365.
“Assyriologie. Register 1973-1976”, AfO 25, 1974-77, 360-482 [by Kh. Nasheh]: 26, 1978-79, 247-379 ; (by H.
Hirsch, H. Hunger): 27, 1980, 335-479; 28, 1981-1982, 286-412; 29-30, 1983-1984, 336-472; 31, 1984, 239-
330; 33, 1986, 315-396; (by E. Bleibtreu et. al.): 34, 1987, 254-327; (by M. Jursa et al.): AfO 38-39, 1991-92,
282-429 ; 40-41, 1993-1994, 343-575; 42-43, 1995-1996, 390-485, 486-502 (“Mesopotamie und Nachbar-
gebiete”) ; 44-45, 1997-1998, 611-731, 732-762 ; 46-47, 1999-2000, 510-610, 611-650); 48-49, 2001-2002,
311-461, 462-505; 50, 2003/2004, 654-685.
Bibliografía de los estudios de Emar, by B.I. Faist, J.-J. Justel, J.-P. Vita, UF 35, 2003, 191-230.
Bibliografía de los estudios de Emar (2), by B.I. Faist, J.-J. Justel, J.-P. Vita, UF 37, 2005, 329-340.
Bibliografía de los estudios de Emar (3), by B.I. Faist, J.-J. Justel, J.-P. Vita, UF 39, 2007, 141-160.
Bibliografía de los estudios de Emar, by B.I. Faist, J.-J. Justel, J.-P. Vita (http://wwww.ieiop.com/emar)
“Bibliographie d’El-Amama: Supplément I [1994-1995]”, by J.-G. Heintz, L. Millot, UF 27, 1995, 21-38 ; II
[1995-1996], UF 28, 1996, 257-274 ; III [1997-2000], UF 32, 2000, 219-236, IV [2000-2003], by J.-G.
Heintz, L. Millot, R. Mehmedi, UF 35, 2003, 231-238 ; V [2003-2006] à I.D.E.A., Vol. 2 (1995), by J.-G.
Heintz, R. Mehmedi, J.-P. Vita, pp. 1-119][Addenda & Corrigenda - Édition du 30 Juin 2007], UF 38,
2006, 313-339.
Bibliographie de Mari. Archéologie et textes [1933-1988] (Travaux du Groupe de Recherches et d’Études
Sémitiques Anciennes, 3) by J.-G. Heintz, Wiesbaden 1990,
“Bibliographie. Allgemeines, Mesopotamien, Kleinasien, Palästina und Syrien”: AfO 1939-2006.
“Cuneiform Studies at PENN: from Hilprecht to Leichty”, by B.L. Eichler, in Fs. Leichty, pp. 87-109.
“Der gegenwärtige Stand der Akkadistik (1975) und ihre Aufgabe”, by D.O. Edzard, ZDMG Supp. 3/1, 1977,
47-54.
Die Keilschriftforschung: eine fachübergreifende Disciplin (Scientia 6), by W. Sallaberger, Innsbruck 1987.
Handbuch der Keilschriftliteratur. I-III. Repertorium de sumerischen und akkadischen Texte/Supplement zu Band
I/Inhaltliche Ordnung der sumerischen und akkadischen Texte, by R. Borger, Berlin 1967 [rev.: MIO 17,
1972, 690-696 (M. Müller); OLZ 68, 1973, 576-580 (J. Oelsner)].
Index Documentaire d’El Amarna, 1: Liste/Codage des textes & Index des ouvrages de référence (I.D.E.A., 1)
(Travaux du Groupe de Recherches et d’Études Sémitiques Anciennes, 2), by J.-G. Heintz, Wiesbaden 1982.
Index Documentaire d’El Amarna – I.D.E.A., 2 – Bibliograhie des textes babyloniennes d’El-Amarna [1888-
1993] et Concordance des sigles EA (Travaux du Groupe de Recherches et d’Études Sémitiques Anciennes, 4),
by J.-G. Heintz, Wiesbaden 1995.

1
Index documentaire des textes de Mari, 1: Liste/Codage des textes: Index des ouvrages de réference (ARMT
XVII/1) (Travaux du Groupe de Recherches et d’Études Sémitiques Anciennes, 1), by J.-G. Heintz, Paris 1975.
“Keilschriftbibliographie”, by A. Pohl, C.H. Gordon: 9.1945-46, Or 16, 1947, 85-102; 10.1946-47, Or 16, 1947,
491-505; by A. Pohl: 11.1947-1948, Or 17, 1948, 423-447; 12.1948-49, Or 18, 1949, 307-324; 13.1949-50, Or
20, 1950, 77-87, 182-201, 275-290, 406-422; 14.1950-51, Or 21, 1952, 194-208, 329-338, 446-460; 15.1951-
52, Or 23, 1954, 1*-69*; 16.1953-1954, Or 24, 1955, 1*-53*; 17.1954-1955, Or 25, 1956, 1*-48*, 18.1955-
1956, Or 26, 1957, 1*-49*; 19.1956-1957, Or 27, 1958, 1*-47*; 20.1957-1958, Or 28, 1959, 1*-58*; 21.1958-
1959, Or 29, 1960, 1*-44*; 22.1959-1960, Or 30, 1961, 1*-41*; 23.1961, Or 31, 1962, 1*-50*; by K. Deller:
24.1962-1963, Or 32, 1963, 1*-82*; by K. Deller, H. Klengel, 25.1963, Or 33, 1964, 1*-56*; 26.1963-1964.
1*-180*; by K. Deller, H. Klengel, R. Caplice: 27.1964-1965, Or 35, 1966, 1*-17138*; 28.1965-1966, Or 36,
1967, 1*-148; 29.1966-1967, Or 37, 1968, 1*-209; 30.1930. 1967-1969, Or 38, 1969, 1*-102; by R. Caplice,
H. Klengel, C. Saporetti: 31.1969-1970, Or 39, 1970, 1*-104; 32.1970-1971, Or 40, 1971, 1*-104; 33.1971-
1972, Or 41, 1972, 88; 34.1972-1973, Or 42, 1973, 1*-78; 35.1973, Or 43, 1974, 1*-52; 36.1974, Or 44,
1975, 1*-87; 37.1975, Or 45, 1976, 1*-87; 38.1976, Or 46, 1977, 1*-93; 39.1977, Or 47, 1978, 1*-127;
40.1978, Or 48, 1979, 1*-106; 41.1979, Or 49, 1980, 1*-99; 42.1980, Or 50, 1981, 1*-123; 43.1981, Or 51,
1982, 1*-135; by Caplice, H. Klengel: 44.1982, Or 52, 1983, 1*-135; 45.1983, Or 53, 1984, 1*-108; 46.1984,
Or 54, 1985, 1*-79; by K. Deller, H. Klengel: 47.1985, Or 55, 1986, 1*-126; 48. 1986, Or 56, 1987, 1*-184;
49. 1987, Or 57, 1988, 1*-143; 50.1988-1989, Or 60, 1991, 1*-145; 51.1990-1991, Or 61, 1992, 1*-119; 52.
1992, Or 62, 1993, 1*104*; 53.1993; by K. Deller, H. Klengel, K. Maksen: Or 63, 1994, 1*-111*; 54.1994, Or
64, 1995, 1*-100; 55.1995, Or 65, 1996, 1*-124*; 56.1996, by K. Deller, H. Klengel, A. Schuster: Or 66,
1997, 1*-108*; 57.1997-1998; by H. Neumann: Or 68, 1999, 1*-131*; 58.1999, Or 69, 2000, 1*-100*;
59.2000, Or 70, 2001, 1*-109; 60.2001”, Or 71, 2002, 1*-121*; Or 72, 2003, 1*-121*; 73, 2004, 1*-103*; 66.
2007 (mit Nachtrage aus früheren Jahren)”, Or 77, 2008, 1*-117*.
“Lingua akkadica”/”Akkadica”, in “Elenchus Bibliographicus Biblicus” / Elenchus of Biblica, Biblica 1940-1978 /
Roma 1979-2000 (cf. 0.1.3).
uzi-Bibliographie, by M. Dietrich, O. Loretz, W. Mayer (ARORATS 11), Neukirchen-Vluyn 1972.
Raboti sovietskix uchienix po assirologii i shumierologii 1917-1983. Bibliografichieskii ukazatiel, Leningrad 1984.
“Zum heutigen Stand der sowjetischen keilschriftlichen Forschungen”, J. Klíma, BiOr 10, 1953, 82-85.
“Zur Entwicklung der sowjetischen keilschriftlichen Studien”, by J. Klíma, AROR 21, 1953, 448-463.

2.1 MISCELLAEA AD COLLECTIVE WORKS

[Cf. 0.2]

CE L. d’Alfonso, Y. Cohen, D. Sürenhagen, eds, Emar among the Late Bronze Age Empires. History,
Landscape, and Society. Proceedings of the Konstanz Emar Conference, 25.-26.04.2006 (AOAT
349), Münster 2008.
Fs. Leichty A.K. Guinar et al., eds, If a Man builds a Joyful House. Assyriological ,Studies in Honor of Erle
Verdun Leichty (Cuneiform Monographs, 31), Leiden 2006.
LIAM J.N. Postgate, ed., Languages of Iraq, Ancient and Modern, Cambridge 2007 [rev.: B iOr 65, 2008,
594-595 (H. Gzella)].
MPL M.E. Vogelzang, H.L.J. Vanstiphoutl eds., Mesopotamian poetic language: Sumerian and
Akkadian (Cuneiform monographs, 6; Proceedings of the Groningen Group for the Study of
Mesopotamian Literature, 2), Groningen 1996. .. - - -- 349. [1996]

2.2 METHODOLOGY
[A selection]

2
B. Landsberger, “Die Eigenbegrifflichkeit der babylonischen Welt”, Islamica 2 (1926) 355-72 [Eng. version in T.
Jacobsen et al., The Conceptual Autonomy of the Babylonian World (MANE 1/4), Chicago 1976].
J. Laessøe, “Reflexions on Modern and Ancient Oriental Works”, JCS 7, 1953, 5-26 [Discussion of technical
terms].
B.N. Porter, “Language, audience and impact in Imperial Assyria”, IOS 15, 1995, 51-72.
K.K. Riemschneider, “Der Unterricht des Akkadischen für Studenten der vorderasiatischen Archäologie”, in GLT,
pp. 23-36.

2.3 DESCRIPTIVE PRESETATIO

2.3.1 Central Akkadian (Palaeo-Akkadian, Assyro-Babylonian)

[A reminder:
F. Delitzsch, Assyrische Grammatik (PLO 10),Berlin 19062.
L.W. King, Assyrian Language: Easy Lessons in the Cuneiform Inscriptions, New York, NY 1901 (repr. 1976)
M. Rutten, Eléments d'accadien (assyro-babylonien). otions de grammaire, Paris 1937 [rev.: JRAS 1939, 311-
3131 (Gadd) ; RB 1939,141 (R. de Vaux)].

J. Aro, Studien zur mittelbabylonischen Grammatik (SO 20), Helsinki 1955 [rev.: Or 25, 1956, 271 (A. Pohl)
JRAS 1957, 250 (O.R. Gurney); OLZ 53, 1958, 445-6 (J. Bottéro); BiOr 15, 1958, 103-106 (P.C. Couprie)].
J.A. Black, “A recent study of Babylonian grammar”, JRAS 1990, 95-104 (rev. of B. Groneberg, Syntax,
Morphologie und Stil ..., Stuttgart 1987).
S.J. Bloch, “Beiträge zur Grammatik des Mittelbabylonischen”, Or 9, 1940, 305-347.
R. Borger, Babylonisch-assyrische Lesestüke 2. (AnOr 54), Roma 1979.
G. Boson, Assyriologia: Elementi di grammatica, sillabario, crestomatia e dizionarietto. Milano 1976.
G. Buccellati, “The Old Babylonian linguistic analysis project: goals, procedures and firts results”, in A. Zampolli,
N. Calzolari, eds., Computational and mathematic linguistics. Porceedings of the International Conference on
Computational Linguistics, Pisa 1973, pp. 385-494.
G. Buccellati, “Akkadian”, in SemLang, pp. 69-99.
G. Buccellati, A Structural Grammar of Babylonian, Wiesbaden 1996 [rev.: BiBa 1, 2004, 379-391 (L. Kogan);
BiOr 55, 1998, 172-185 (N.J. C. Kouwenberg); JAOS 121/2, 2001,315-317 (W. Farber)].
R. Caplice, Introduction to Akkadian (Studia Pohl, Series maior 9), Rome 1980 [rev.: RB 88, 1981, 619-620 (M.
Sigrist); OLP 12, 1981, 313 (P. Naster); BSOAS 45, 1982, 133-136 (S. Dalley); BiOr 39, 1982, 122-131 (J.
Huehnergard); CBQ 44, 1982, 646-648 (R.S. Majoros); JES 42, 1983, 309-312 (W. Farber); RA 76, 1982,
184-185 (D. Charpin); WZKM 74, 1982, 229-230 (W.G. Lambert); AIO 49, 1989, 457-459 (L. Cagni)].
R. Caplice. “Akkadian”, in ADB IV, pp. 170-173.
G.R. Castellino, Grammatica accadica introduttiva, Roma 1970.
D. Cohen, “Sémitique oriental: akkadien”, in Lchs, pp. 40-55.
É. Dhorme, “L’écriture et la langue assyro-babylonienne”, RA 1945-1946, pp. 1-16.
R.G. Dietel, Ancient Akkadian grammatical concepts, Univ. of Washington Diss., 1987.
M. Dietrich, “Untersuchungen zur Grammatik der Neubabylonischen. I. Die neubabylonischen Subjunktionen”, in
Fs. Von Soden 1995, pp. 65-99.
G. Furlani, Grammatica babilonese e assira con testi e vocabolario (Publicazioni dell'Istituto per l’Oriente, 46),
Roma 1949 [rev.: Aegyptus 29, 1949, 183-185 (G. Rinaldi); RSO 25, 1950, 91-93 (G. Castellino); Or 20, 1951,
88-89 (W. von Soden); BSOS 14, 1952, 198-199 (S. Smith); BiOr 9, 1952, 112-113 (J. Laessøe)].
3
I.J. Gelb, “Notes on von Soden’s Grammar of Akkadian”, BiOr 12, 1955, 93-111.
I.J. Gelb, Old Akkadian Writing and Grammar (MAD 2), Chicago, IL 1952/19612 [rev.: RA 56, 1962, 95-96 (E.
Dhorme); BiOr 20, 1963, 267-268 (D.O. Edzard); BiOr 25, 1956, 282-283 (W.F. Leemans); OLZ 49, 1954,
127-132 (L. Matouš); JRAS 1963, 89-90 (D.J. Wiseman); JRAS 1953, 155-156 (C.J. Gadd); Muséon 66, 1953,
168 (G. Ryckmans); WZKM 52, 1953, 234-235 (F.R. Kraus); JARORS 73, 1953, 129-138 (E.A. Speiser); RSO
28, 1953, 198-202 (G. Furlani); BiOr 12, 1955, 75-77 (W.F. Leemans); ZA 58 1967 322-323 (H. Hirsch)].
I.J. Gelb, Sequentian reconstruction of Proto-Akkadian (AS 18), Chicago. IL 1969 [rev.: JES 29, 1970, 202-207
(W, von Soden); JazA 7, 1970, 51-52 (K. Petrácek); OA 9, 1970, 187-191 (P. Fronzaroli); BSOAS 34, 1971,
140 (J.N. Postgate); Lingua 31, 1973, 85-92 (V. Bubenik; BSL 67, 1972, 393-400 (D. Cohen); Linguistics 140,
1974, 122-128 (S. Parpola); Zaphon 27, 1974, 362-363 (J. Oelsner)].
G. Goossens, “L’accadien des clercs d’Uruk sous les Séleucides”, Le Múseon 55, 1942, 61-86.
B. Groneberg, Syntax, Morphologie und Stil der jungbabylonischen hymnischen Literatur (FARORS 14),
Stuttgart 1987 [rev.: BSOAS 52 1989 334 (A.R. George); ZA 79, 1989, 118-121 (E. Reiner); BiOr 46, 1989,
384-386 (M.E. Vogelzang); JARORS 110, 1990, 568-571 (W.L. Moran) ; OLZ 89/2, 1994, 140-142 (I.
Gebhardi)].
R. Hasselbach, Sargonic Akkadian. A History and Comparative Study of the Syllabic Texts, Wiesbaden 2005.
H. Hirsch, “Zum Altassyrischen”, Or 41, 1972, 390-431.
J. Huehnergard, C. Woods, “Akkadian and Eblaite”, in CEWAL, p. 218-280.
J. Huehnergard, A Grammar of Akkadian, Atlanta GA, 1997 [rev.: BSOAS 62, 1999, 119-120 (A.R. George); BiOr
55, 1998, 814-816 (N.J. C. Kouwenberg); JAOS 121/2, 2001, 315-317 (W. Farber); Or 76, 2007, 441-442 (A.
Cavigneaux)].
J. Huehnergard, Key to a Grammar of Akkadian (HSS 46), Atlanta GA 1997 [rev.:BSOAS 62, 1999, 119-120
(A.R. George); JAOS 121, 2001, 315-317 (W. Farber)].
J. Huehnergard, “Akkadian”, in ABD 4, pp. 170-173..
Sh. Izre’el, E. Cohen, Literary Old Babylonian (LW/M 81), München 2004 [rev.: BaBi 2 (Fs. Diakonoff), 2005,
743-772 (L. Kogan, S. Loesov)].
A. Klawek, “Struktura gramatyczna akkadyjskich nazw osobowych” [The grammatical structure of the Akkadian
personal names], SprOKr-PA 1962, pp. 78-79.
L. Kogan, “Old Assyrian vs Old Babylonian: The lexical dimension”, in ALSC, pp. 177-214.
A. Lancellotti, Grammatica della lingua accadica (Analecta Hierosolymitana 1), Jerusalem 1962 [rev.: Syria 41
1964, 150-153 (M. Birot); JES 24, 1965, 124-126 (J.A. Brinkman); Or 33, 1964, 125-127 (H. Freydank);
/CBQ 25, 1963, 189-190 (L.F. Hartman); ZA 23, 1965, 304-305 (H. Hirsch); OA 3, 1964, 154-156 (M.
Liverani); JSS 10 1965 121-123 (W. von Soden); BiOr 20, 1963, 47-48 (R. Borger); ZA 23, 1965, 304-305 (H.
Hirsch); Ruch Biblijny i Liturgiczny 18, 1965, 112-114 (A. Klawek)].
J. Lewy, “Studies in Akkadian Grammar and Onomatology”, Or 15, 1946, 361-415 [1. A propos of Akkadian
yâum, yattun and yâ'uttun. 2. On Some Old Babylonian Names in ya, -tum, -yatum and yaûtum. 3. The Old
Assyrian Independent Possessive Pronouns. 4. Paronomastic Infinitives in Classic Akkadian].
J. Lewy, “Studies in Old Assyrian Grammar and Lexikography” Or 19, 1950, 1-36 [1. a šinîšu tamalagû and a
šalâšîšu tamalagû. 2. šênân and a šinîšu šênân. 3. arum and ana šinîšu arû. 4. mazlugum, šugarriâ’um, a
šalâšîšu mazlugû and a šalâšisu šugarriâ’û. 5. qabli’âtum and a šabîšu qablî’âtum].
L.A. Lipin, “Znacenie sojuza ù v zakonach Chammurabi” [The meaning of conjunction ù in Hammurabi’s code],
in Fs. Orbeli, pp. 374-378.
L.A. Lipin, Akkadkij (vavilono-assirijskij) jazyk. I. Xrestomatija s tablicami znakov. II. Slovar’ [The Akkadian
(Assyro-Babylonian) Language. I Chrestomaty with syllabary. II Dictionary], Leningrad 1957 [rev.: VDI 1959,
177-180 (V.A. Gvacharija)].

4
L.A. Lipin, Akkadskij jazyk [The Akkadian Language] (Jazyki narodov Azii i Afriki), Moskva 1964 [rev.: VDI
1966/3, 173-174 (M.A. Dandamaev); Or 34, 1965, 79-80 (K. Deller); VDI 1967/1 124-149 (I. Aliev)].
L.A. Lipin, The Akkadian language. Moscow 1973.
M. Luukko, Grammatical Variation in eo-Assyrian (State Archives of Assyria Studies, 16), Helsinki 2004.
K. Lyczkowska, Gramtyka jezyka akadyjskiego [Grammar of the Akkadian Language] Warszawa 1975 [rev.: FO
18, 1977, 291-292 (É. Lipiński)].
J.Q. Macqueen, “Akkadian”, in R.E. Asher, J.M.Y. Simpson, eds., The Encyclopedia of languages and linguistics,
Oxford 1994, pp. 64-65.
H.H. Madvig, A grammar of Royal Assyrian Annals of the Sargonic dynasty, Bradeis Uinv. Diss., 1966.
Fl. Malbran-Labrat, Pratique de la grammaire akkadienne : Exercices et corrigés … [rev. : Maarav 13, 2006,
261-268 (R. Hasselbach)].
D. Marcus, A Manual of Akkadian, Washington 1978 [rev.: CBQ 44, 1982, 646-648 (R.S. Majoros)].
D.Marcus, “Akkadian”, in BBHBH, pp. 19-41.
L. Matouš, Základy akkadské grammatiky [Fundamental Akkadian grammar], Praha 1954 [rev.: RA 48, 1954, 220
(M. David)].
W. Mayer. Untersuchungen zur Grammatik des Mittelassyrischen (ARORATS 2), Neukirchen-Vluyn 1971 [rev.:
BSOAS 36, 1973, 126-127 (W.G. Lambert); ZA 62, 1972, 274-276 (J. Aro); WO 7, 1973, 166-169 (K. Hecker);
BiOr 31, 1974, 273-274 (J.N. Postgate); OLZ 70, 1975, 142-144 (H. Freydank)].
B. Meissner, “Akkadisch?”, Or 16, 1947, 22.
S. Mercer, Assyrian Grammar with Chrestomathy and Glossary, New York 1961.
P. Michalowski, J.S. Cooper, G.B. Gragg, “Mesopotamian cuneiform”, 18414.[1996]
D.B. Miller, R.M. Shipp, An Akkadian handbook: paradigms, helps, glossary, logograms, and sign list, Winona
Lake IN 1996 [rev.: BSOAS 62, 1999, 119-120 (A.R. George)].
J. Nougayrol, Le babylonien, langue internationale de l'Antiquité. / Babilonscina, mednarodni jezik v antiki
(Acad. Scientiarum et Artium Slovenika. Classis: Historia et Sociologia, Dissertationes 9/1), Ljubljana 1975
[rev.: OLZ 73, 1978, 552-553 (J. Klíma)].
P. Offerlé, “Grammaire et épigraphie assyro-babyloniennes”, AUHE-HPh 105, 1972-73, 85-91.
A. Poebel, Studies in Assyrian Grammar, Chicago, IL 1939.
A. Poebel, Miscellaneous Studies (AS XIV), Chicago IL 1947 [I. The City of Esâ (Dur-Kuri-Galzu). II The
‘Schachtelsatz’ Construction of the Narâm-Sîn Text RA XVI 157f. III Murnisqu and isqu in Cylinder A of
Gudea. IV The Formula of the 16th Year of Samsu-ditanu. V. The use of Mathematical Mean Values in
Babylonian King List B].
E. Reiner, A Linguistic Analysis of Akkadian (JLp 21), The Hague 1966 [rev.: JES 28, 1969, 290-292 (J.W.
Wevers); BiOr 26, 1969, 81-84 (D.O. Edzard); BSL 63, 1968, 215-218 (D. Cohen); ZDMG 118, 1968, 157-162
(K. Hecker); JARORS 90, 1970, 334-338 (E.E. Knudsen); AROR 36, 1968, 480-481 (K. Petrácek); OLZ 63,
1968, 345-350 (W. von Soden); JES 28, 1969, 290-292 (J.W. Wevers)].
E. Reiner, “Akkadian”, in CTL/6, pp. 274-303.
K.K. Riemschneider, Lehrbuch des Akkadischen, Leipzig 1969/1988 [rev.: JSS 18, 1973, 274-275 (M.E.J.
Richardson); Or 44, 1975, 128-129 (R. Caplice)].
K.K. Riemschneider, An Akkadian Grammar (Eng. version), Milwaukee, WI 1974/19782.
G. Rijckmans, Grammaire accadienne (Bibliothèque du Muséon 6), Louvain 1938/19473/1960 [RA 55, 1961, 101
(R. Labat); WZKM 47, 1940, 308-310 (Christian); JRAS 1939, 311-313 (Gadd)]; RB 1939, 141-142 (R. de
Vaux); RSO 23, 1948, 94-95 (G. Furlani); JSS 6, 1961, 251 (T. Donald)].

5
E. Salonen, Untersuchungen zur Schrift und Sprache des Altbabylonischen von Susa (SO 27), Helsinki 1962 [rev.:
BiOr 21, 1964, 194-195 (D.O. Edzard); WZKM 61, 1967, 166 (H. Hirsch); OLZ 64, 1969, 139-142 (B.
Kienast)].
V. Souček, “Die Probleme der alt-akkadischen Dialektologie”, AROR 24, 1956, 634.
W. Sommerfeld, “Bemerkungen zur Dialektgliederung Altakkadisch, Assyrisch und Babylonisch”, in Fs. Kienast,
pp. 569-586.
E.A. Speiser, “Comments on Recent Studies in Akkadian Grammar”, JARORS 73, 1953, 129-138 [On Von
Soden’s and Gelb’s grammars].
K. Tallqvist, Die Sprache der Kontrakte aus der Zeit abunaids, Helsingfors 1890.
A. Ungnad, Grammatik des Akkadischen, München 19493, 19644, 19695 [rev.: BSL 46, 1950, 198-200 (M.
Cohen); BiOr 7, 1950, 14-15 (J.R. Kupper); RA 44, 1950, 96-98 (J. Nougayrol); Or 19, 1950, 69-90 (C.H.
Gordon); RSO 25, 1950, 90 (G. Furlani); WO 5, 1950, 427 (W. von Soden); RPh 25, 1951, 286-287 (R. Labat);
ThLZ 76, 1951, 286-287 (R. Meyer); VDI 1966/3, 183-190 (I.M. Diakonoff); AAHG 6, 1953, 242-244 (V.
Pisani); ZA 17, 1955, 101-103 (O. Krückmann); Syria 44, 1967, 204-205 (M. Birot); BiOr 33, 1966, 293-296
(J.A. Brinkman); VDI 1966/3, 183-190 (I.M. Diakonov); JES 27, 1968, 74 (R.T. Hallock); ZA 24, 1967, 324-
327 (H. Hirsch); DLZ 87, 1966, 684-686 (E. Knudsen); ArOr 34, 1966, 437-438 (S. Segert); Or 34, 1965, 77-
79 (K. Deller); RA 59, 1965, 94 (M. Lambert); 19695: OLZ 64, 1969, 33-35 (J. Oelsner); WZKM 62, 1969, 301-
302 (W. Röllig)].
A. Ungnad, Akkadian grammar. 5th, corrected edition / Revised by L. Matous, transl. by H.A. Hoffner Jr. (Society
of Biblical Literature, Resources for Biblical Study, 30), Atlanta GA 1992 [rev.: ZAW 107/2,1995,174 (I.
Kottsieper)].
O. Valdes dos Santos, Liçoes de gramática assíria, Porto 1965 [ref.: Humanitas 17-18, 1965-66, 333-335 (M.A.
Rodrigues)].
W. von Soden, “Akkadisch”, in H. Cazelles et al., Linguistica semitica: presente e futuro (Studi semitici 4), Roma
1961, pp. 33-57.
W. von Soden, “Der hymnisch-epische Dialekt des Akkadischen”, ZA 40 (1932) 163-227; 41 (1933) 90-183, 236.
W. von Soden, Grundriss der akkadischen Grammatik [3. Auflage: unter Mitarbeit von Werner R. Mayer] (AnOr
33/47), Roma 1952/19692/19953 [rev.: OLZ 49, 1954, 322-324 (A. Salonen); E.A. Speiser, JARORS 73, 1953,
129-138; AROR 20, 1952, 648-651 (L. Matouš)]; SL 7, 1953, 123-130 (A. Haldar); Or 22, 1953, 227-231
(C.H. Gordon); RB 60, 1953, 8-12); OLZ 49, 1954, 322-324 (A. Salonen); I.J. Gelb, BiOr 12, 1955, 93-111;
Muséon 31, 1954, 417-421 (R. Follet); Or 66, 1997, 434-444 (J. Huehnergard); BSOAS 61/1, 1998,
126-127 ( M. J. Geller); Biblica 3, 1999, 373-377 (L. Kogan)].
W. von Soden, “Zur Aufgabe und Terminologie einer neuen akkadischen Grammatik”, in RAI II, pp. 75-80.
W. von Soden, Ergänzungsheft zum Grudriss del akkadischen Grammatik (AnOr 47), Roma 1969 [rev.: JES 31,
1972, 228-232 (J. Renger); JSS 17, 1972, 130-131 (W.G. Lambert); BiOr 30, 1973, 249-252 (I.J. Gelb)].
W. von Soden, “Zur Laut- und Formenlehre des Neuassyrischen”, AfO 18, 1957, 121-2.
S.C. Ylvisaker, Zur babylonischen und assyrischen Grammatik. Eine Untersuchung auf Grund der Briefe aus der
Sargonidenzeit (LSS 5/6), Leipzig 1912 (repr. 1968).
N.R. Woodington, A grammar of the eo-Babylonian letters of the Kuyunjik Collection, Yale Univ. Diss. 1982.

2.3.2 Peripheral Akkadian

2.3.2.1. Alalakh

J. Aro, “Remarks on the Language of the Alalakh Texts”, AfO 17, 1956, 361-365.

6
G. Giakumakis, The Akkadian of Alala≠, Brandeis Univ. Diss. 1963/The Hague 1970 [rev.: JBL 90, 1971, 350-352
(M. Tsevat); JSS 16, 1971, 221-222 (W.G. Lambert); ZA 62, 1772, 126-128 (W. von Soden); Lg 49, 1973. 500-
504 (E. Reiner); BSOAS 35, 1972, 135-136 (J.D. Hawkins); AROR 42, 1974, 276-278 (P. Charvát)].
D. Arnaud, “Le dialecte d’Alalah: un examen préliminaire”, AuOr 16, 1998, 143-186.
Fr. Zeeb, “Das teqnītu in den Imnobilienkaufurkunden aus Alala≠ VII”, in Fs. Von Soden 1995, pp. 541-549.

2.3.2.2 Boghaskôi

[A reminder :
R. Labat, L'Accadien de Boghaz-Köi, Bordeaux 1932].

Ch. Lebrun, “Lingai- et m¿m∞tu: réflexions sur les ex`ressions communes dans les textes de BoÒasköy et
d’Ugarit”, in Mél. Lebrun II, pp. 29-45.

2.3.2.3 Capadocia

G.G. Giorgadze, “Rabi simmiltim ‘kappadokijskich' tablicek”, VDI 1996/4, 81-94.

K. Hecker, Die Sprache des altassyrischen Texte aus Kappadokien, Diss. Freiburg i. Br. 1961.
K. Hecker, Grammatik der Kültepe-Texte (AnOr 44), Roma 1968 [rev.: OA 9, 1970, 264-270 (C. Sapporeti);
WZKM 65-66, 1973-74, 340-342 (R. Stola).

2.3.2.4 El-Amarna

[A reminder:
J.H./F.M.Th. (de) Böhl, Die Sprache der Amarnabrieffe mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Kanaanismen (LSS
5/2), Leipzig 1909].
E. Ebeling, Das Verbum der El-Amarna-Briefe, Leipzig 1910.
J.A. Knudtzon, Die El-Amarna Tafeln mit Einleitung und Erläuterungen, Leipzig 1915 [repr. 1964] [appendix: on
the syntax …; Canaanite glosses ...]].

2.3.2.4.1 General Languistics and Grammar

D. Arnaud, “Une bêche-de-mer antique. La langue des marchands à Tyr à la fin de XIIIe siècle”, AuOr 17-18,
1999-2000, 143-166.
D. Arnaud, “Le médio-babylonien des letters d’Aziru, roi d’Amurru”, AuOr 22, 2204, 5-31.
D. Charpin, “L’akkadien des letters d’Ilân-êurâ”, in Fs. Finet, pp. 31-40.
Z. Cochavi-Rainey, “Canaanite influence in the Akkadian texts written by Egyptian scribes in the 14th and 13th
centuries B.C.E.”, UF 21, 1989, 39-46.
Z. Cochavi-Rainey, “Egyptian influence in the Akkadian texts written by Egyptian scribes in the fourteenth and
thirteenth centuries B.C.E.”, JAES 49, 1990, 57-65.
Z. Cochavi-Rainey, A.F. Rainey, “Finite Verbal Usage in the Jerusalem Amarna Letters”, UF 39, 2007, 37-56.
Ed.L. Greenstein, “Another Case of Hiphil in Amarna Age Canaanite”, in Fs. Weinfeld, pp. 351-360.
R.S. Hess, “Rhetorical Forms in the Amarna Correspondence from Jerusalem”, Maarav 10, 2002, 221-244.
J. Huehnergard, “A Grammar of Amarna Canaanite”, BASOR 310, 1998, 59-77 [rev. art. of Rainey’s Canaanite in
the Amarna Tablet, 1996].

7
Sh. Izre’el, Canaano-Akkadian (Languages of the World/Materials 82), München 1998.
Sh. Izre’el, Amurru Akkadian: a linguistic study. Vol. I (HSS), Atlanta GE 1991.
Sh. Izre’el, “The Amarna glosses: who wrote what form whom? - Some sociolinguistic considerations”, IOS
15, 1995, 101-122.
E.A. Knauf, S. Maáni, “On the phonemes of Fringe Canaanite: the cases o f Zera-UÄruú and “Kamâš≠altâ”, UF
19, 1987, 91-94.
M. Kossmann, “Amarna-Akkadian as a mixed language”, P. Bakker, M. Mous, eds., Mixed languages: 15 cases
studies in language intertwining, Amsterdam 1994, pp. 169-173.
T.N.D. Mettinger, “Amarna Letter No. 84: Damu, Adonis, and ‘The Living God’ at Byblos”, in Fs. Weinfeld, pp.
361-371.
W.L. Moran, “The Use of the Canaanite Infinitive Absolute as a Finite Verb in the Amarna Letters from Byblos”,
JCS 4, 1950, 169-172.
W.L. Moran, “New Evidence on Canaanite taqtulu(na)”, JCS 5, 1951, 33-35.
W.L. Moran, “’Does Amarna bear on Karatepe’? An answer”, JCS VI 1952, 76-80 [answer to Julian Obermann’s
article in JCS 1951].
W. L. Moran, “Early Canaanite yaqtula”, Or 29, 1960, 1-19.
W.L. Moran, “The dual personal pronouns in Western Peripheral Akkadian”, BASOR 211, 1973, 50-53.
W.L. Moran, “Amarna šumma in main Clauses”, JCS 7, 1953, 78-80.
J. Mynářová, Language of Amarna - Language of Diplomacy: Perspectives on the Amarna Letters, Prague 2008.
J. Obermann, “Does Amarna bear on Karatepe?”, JCS 5, 1951, 58-61 [on the Karatepe construction qtl/yqtl ’nk
and the evidence of the Amarna letters from Byblos. Reply to W.L. Morans’s article in JCS 1950].
A.F. Rainey, “Verbal forms with infixed -t- in the West Semitic el- cAmarna letters”, IOS 1, 1971, 86-102.
A.F. Rainey, “Reflections on the suffix conjugation in West Semitized Amarna tablets”, UF 5, 1973, 235-262.
A.F. Rainey, “The Barth-Ginsberg law in the Amarna tablets”, ErIs 14, 1978, 8*-13*.
A.F. Rainey, “Is There Really a yaqtula Conjunction Pattern in the Canaanite Amarna Tablets?”, JCS 43-45,
1991-1993, 107-118.
A.F. Rainey, Canaanite in the Amarna Tablets : A Linguistic Analysis of the Mixed Dialect Used by the Scribes
from Canaan. Vol. 1, Orthography, Phonology: Morphosyntactic Analysis of the Pronouns, ouns, umerals.
2. Morphosyntactic Analysis of the Verbal System. 3. Morphosyntíc Analysis of the Particles and Adverbs. 4.
References and Index of Texts Cited (HdO I/25), Leiden 1996 [rev.: BASOR 310, 1998, 59-77 (J.Huehnergard);
BiOr 55/3-4, 1998, 458-465 (J. Fox); JAOS 118/4, 1998, 595-597 (W.H. van Soldt)].
An.F. Rainey, “The imperative ‘see’ as an introductory particle: an Egyptian-West Semitic calque”, in Fs. Young,
pp. 309-316 [peripheral Akkadian used by Canaanite scribes].
A.J. Sachs, Slip-Catalogue of Canaanite Amarna Context in which the Suffix me/mi Occurs, Diss. Johns Hopkins
Univ. 1939?
Sc.P. Smith, “The Inflectional Morphology of the yvqtvl-Verb in the Šuwardata Amarna Letter (EA 278-284,
366)”, in IOS XVIII, pp. 125-170.
G.G. Swaim, A grammar of the Akkadian tablets found at Ugarit, Brandeis Univ. Diss. 1962.
J. Tropper, J.-P. Vita, “Der Energikus an Jussiven im Kanaano-Akkadischen der Amarna-Periode”, Or 74, 2005,
51-56.
J.P. van der Westhuizen, “Morphology and Morphosyntax of the Adjective as Attributive and Predicative
Constructions in the Jerusalem-Amarna Letters”, in Fs. Klein, pp. 600-623.
R. Youngblood, “Amorite influence in a Canaanite Amarna letter (EA 96)”, BASOR 168, 1962, 24-27.
T. Zewi, A syntactical study of verbal froms affixed by –n(n) endings in classical Arabic, Biblical Hebrew, El-
Amarna Akkadian and Ugaritic (AOAT 260), Münster 1999.
8
2.3.2.4.2 Lexicography/Onomastics

P. Artzi, “EA 42, The Earliest Known Case of par§u, ‘Correct International Custom’”, in Fs. Klein, pp. 462-479.
P. Artzi, “Rationality in Ancient Near Eastern International Relations in the ‘Extended Age of the Amarna
Archive’ ca, 1460-1200 b.c.e.: The Force of the ÷mu ‘Mind’”, in Fs. Weinfeld, pp. 339ss.
H. Avalos, “Legal and Social Institutions in Canaan and Ancient Israel”, in J.M. Sasson, ed., Civilizations of
the Ancient ear East, vol. 1, New York (995, pp. 615-631.
I. Breier, “The Dog as an Image in the Amarna Letters” (Heb.), in Fs. Avishur, pp. 169-178.
G. Bunnens, “Le sufète du port d’Emar”, in M. Lebeau, Ph. Talon, eds., Reflets des deux fleuves. Volume de
mélanges offerts à André Finet, Leuven 1989, pp. 27-29.
J.-M. Durand, “Hauts personages à Emâr”, ABU 1989/53d.
A. Gianto, “Amarna Lexicography: the Glosses in the Byblos Letters”, SEL 12, 1995, 65-73.
I.K.H. Halayqa, A Comparative Lexicon of Ugaritic and Canaanite (AOAT 340), Münster 2008.
M. Heltzer, “The Political Institutions of Ancient Emar as Compared with Contemporary Ugarit”, UF 33 2001,
219-236.
R.S. Hess, Amarna proper names, Diss. Hebrew Union College, Ohio 1984 [DAb 45/7, 1985, 2081-A].
R.S. Hess, “Personal names from Amarna: alternative readings and interpretations”, UF 17, 1985, 157-167.
Ch. Krahmalkov, “Northwest Semitic glosses in Amarna letter No.64 : 22-23”, JES 30, 1971, 140-143.
Th.O. Lambdin, “The miši-People of the Byblian Amarna Letters”, JCS 7, 1953, 75-77 [on the equation of
Amarna mi-lim, read mi-ši, with Egyptian mšc].
J.-M. Durand, “De l’époque amorrite à la Bible: le cas d’Arriyuk”, in Fs. Diakonoff 2005, pp. 59-69.
R.S. Hess: Amarna personal names (ASOR Dissertation Series, 9), Winona Lake IN 1993 [rev.: SOAS 59
1996, 130-131 (Ran Zadok); JAOS 116/2, 1996, 270-271 (Sh. Izre’el)].
Tr.N.D. Mettinger, “Amarna Letter No. 84: Damu, Adonis, and ‘The Living God’ at Byblos”, in Fs. ·Weinfeld, pp.
361-371
W.L. Moran, “Additions to the Amarna lexicon”, Or 53, 1984, 287-302 [Glossary]
W.T. Pitard, “Amarna eke-mu and Hebrew nā-qam”, Maarav 3, 1982, 5-25.

2.3.2.5 Elam

E.E. Knudsen, “Notes on two grammrs of Susa Old Babylonian”, AcOr 28, 1964-65, 347-353.
L. de Meyer, L'accadien des contrats de Suse, Leiden 1962 [rev.: JES 28, 1969, 126-127 (J.A. Brinkman); OLZ
64, 1969, 139-142 (B. Kienast)].
E. Salonen, Untersuchungen zur Schrift und Sprache des Altbabylonischen von Susa, Helsinki 1962 [rev.: OLZ 64,
1969, 139-142 (B.Kienast)].

2.3.2.6 Emar

D. Arnaud, “dKur”, RA 68, 1974, 190.

M.E. Balza, „Šaggar-abu, an official of Karkamiš at Emar?“, UF 39, 2007, 19-32.
D. Charpin, “L’andurârum à l’époque médio-babylonienne: une attestation dans le royaume d´Émar“, ABU
2002/23.
G. Chambon, “L’écriture des mesures de longuers à Emar“, in CE, pp. 141-151.
L. D’Alfonso, “Gli Ittiti sul medio Eufrate alle prese con la fonetica semitica (XIII a.C.)”, KASKAL 1, 2004, 45-58.
9
Sh.An. Divon, “A Survey of the Textual Evidence for ‘Food Shortage’ from the Late Hittite Empire”, in CE, pp.
101-109.
J.-M. Durand, “Hauts personages à Émar”, ABU 1989/53b.
J.-M. Durand, “Minima emariotica”, ABU 1989/55a.
J.-M. Durand, “Minima emariotica”, ABU 1989/55d.
J.-M. Durand, “Minima emariotica”, ABU 1989/55e.
J.-M. Durand, “Minima emariotica II”, ABU 1989/111b.
J.-M. Durand, “Minima emariotica II”, ABU 1989/111c.
J.-M. Durand, “Minima emariotica II”, ABU 1989/111d.
J.-M. Durand, “Minima hurritica”, ABU 1989/56a.
J.-M. Durand, “Minima hurritica”, ABU 1989/56c.
J.-M. Durand, “pishum = ‘chemin’”, ABU 2003/80.
J.-M. Durand, “mašāku = ‘être à charge”, ABU 2003/80.
J.-M. Durand, “1 lîm a-šà = ‘Même de loin’, à Émar”, ABU 1990/70.
J.-M. Durand, F. Joannès, “Kubbuddā’u á Mari et à Émar”, ABU 1990/70.
J.-M. Durand, L. Marti, “ûmâ/êti ša ‘aussi longtemps que’”, ABU 2003/50.
B. Faist, J.-P. Vita, “Der Gebrauch von ašar in den akkadischen Texten aus Emar”, WdO 38, 200853-60.
B.I. Faist, J.-J. Justel, J.-P. Vita, “Bibliografía de los estudios de Emar”, UF 35, 2003, 191-230.
B.I. Faist, J.-J. Justel, J.-P. Vita, “Bibliografía de los estudios de Emar (2)”, UF 37, 2005, 329-340.
D.E. Fleming, “LÚ and MEŠ in lúna-bi-imeš and its Mari Brethren”, ABU 1993/4.
J. Ikeda, “The linguistic identification of an Emar scribe”, Orient 28, 1992, 37-40.
J. Ikeda, “More attestations of ‘NI’ in Emar and Munbāqa”, ABU 1992/110.
J. Ikeda, A Linguistic Analysis of the Akkadian Texts from Emar: Administration Texts, Diss. 1995, Tel Aviv Univ.
J. Ikeda, “Some Linguistic Features of Emar Akkadian”, Bulletin of the Society fro ear Eastern Studies in Japan
38, 1995, 1-15.
J. Ikeda, “Syntax and Pragmatics of EmarºAkkadian”, in T. Mikasa, ed., Essay on Ancient Anatolia and Syria in
the Second and Third Millennium B.C., Wiesbaden 1996, pp. 241-257.
J. Ikeda, “The Akkadian Language of Emar: Texts Related to Ninurta and the Elders”, ASJ 19, 1997, 1997, 83-
112.
J. Ikeda, “The Akkadian Language of Emar: Texts Related to a Diviner’s Family”, in Sh. Izre’el, I. Singer,R.
Zadok, eds., Past Links. Studies in the Languages and Cultures of the Ancient ear East, Winona Lake IN
1998, 33-61.
J. Ikeda, “The Akkadian Language of Charchemish: Evidence from Emar and its Vicinity”, ASJ 20, 1998, 23-62.
Y. Gong, “Die mittelbabylonischen Namen der Keilschriftlichen aud ïattuša und Emar”, ZA 85, 1995, 47-57.
Y. Gong, Die amen der Keilschriftlichen, Münster 2000.
M. Heltzer, “Akkadian kattinu und Hebrew kîdôn, ‘Sword’”, JCS 41, 1989, 65-68.
J. Huehnergard, “More on KI.er§etu at Emar”, ABU 1991/58.
J. Ikeda, “The Akkadian Language of Emar: Texts Related to a Diviner’s Family”, in IOS XVIII, pp. 33-61.
J. Ikeda, “Syntax and Pragmatics of Emar Akkadian”, in H.I.H. Prinze Taaakahito Mikasa, ed., Essays on Ancient
Anatolia and Syria in the Second and Third Millennium B.C. (Bulletin of the Middle East Culture Center in
Japan IX), Wiesbaden 1999, pp. 241-257.
J.J. Justel, “La formule ana mu≠≠iši uttēr comme expression de la ‘dot indirecte’ à Emar”, ABU 2008/67.
O. Loretz, “Ugaritisch ap (III) und syllabisch-keilschriftlich abi/apu als Vorläufer von hebräisch ’ab/’ôb ‘(Kult/
Nekromantie-)Grube’. Ein Beitrag zu Nekromantie und Magie in Ugarit, Emar und Israel”, UF 34, 2000, 481-
520.
B. Margalit, “Akkadian Sikkanum and Ugaritic SKN”, ABU 1992/22.

10
L. Marti, “*Tarrāp∞tum = teinturerie”, ABU 2000/81.
W. Mayer, “kir§itum ‘abgeschiedenes Gebäude”, UF 21, 1989, 269-270.
W.L. Moran, “Emar Notes”, ABU 1988/36.
R. Pruzsinszky, Die Personennamen der Texte aus Emar (Studies in the Civilization and Culture of Nuzi and the
Hurrians, 13), Bethesda MD 2003 [rev:: JAOS 124, 2004, 595-599 (D. Flemming); BiOr 62, 2005, 66-68 (J.
Tropper)].
M.T. Rutz, “Archaizing Scripts in Emar and the Diviner Šaggar-abu”, UF 38, 2006, 593-615
St. Seminara, L'accadico di Emar (MVS 6), Roma 1998 [rev.: JAOS 119, 1999, 701-702 (D. Flemming); RO 54,
2002, 198-204 (Ed. Lipiński)].
A. Skaist, The Order of the Rulers of Emar”, in Fs. Klein, pp. 568-574.
P.J.J. van Huÿssteen, “Assyrianisms in the Emar Letters”, Journal of Semitics 3, 1991, 109-121.
P.J.J. van Huÿssteen, “Western Peripheral Akkadian features and Assyrianisms in the Emar letters”, JSL 18,
1992, 185-208.
P.J.J. van Huÿssteen, “The Genetive Construction in the Emar Tetstaments”, Journal of Semitics 5, 1993, 1-17.
W. von Soden, “Kleine Bemerkungen zu Urkunden und Ritualen aus Emar”, ABU 1987/46a, 46b, 46c.
W. von Soden, “Weitere Bemerkungen zu den Texten aus Emar”, ABU 1989/8a, 8b, 8c.
C. Wilcke, “Kir§itum, ein Phantomwort”, ABU 1990/35.
C. Wilcke, “Aï, die ‘Brüder’ von Emar. Untersuchungen zur Schreibtradition am Euphratknie”, AuOr 10, 1992,
115-150.
M. Yamada, “Was Zu-Bacla, son of Šurši, a Diviner of the Gods of Emar?”, UF 39, 2007, 791-8’1.

2.3.2.7 Mari

A. Finet, L'accadien des lettres de Mari, Bruxelles 1956 [rev.: OLZ 52, 1957, 128-131 (Aro); BiOr 20, 1963, 48-
50 (R. Borger); WZKM 55, 1959, 161-3 (K. Deller); ZA 19, 1959, 304-8 (D.O. Edzard); Muséon 69, 1956, 201-
202 (G. Ryckmans); Lg 33, 1957, 197-204 (I.J. Gelb); RLaV 22, 1956, 474-476 (H.F. Janssens); RBPh 36,
1958, 483-485 (P. Limet); AROR 25, 1957, 500 (L. Matouš); RA 52, 1958, 103-6 (P. Offerlé); JSS 4, 1959, 65-
8 (E.A. Speiser); RB 64, 1957, 152 (R.J. Tournay); RLaV 22, 1956, 474-476 (H.F. Janssens)].
D.E. Fleming, “LÚ and MEŠ in lúna-bi-imeš and its Mari Brethren”, ABU 1993/4.
W.G. Lambert, “The Language of Mari”, in RAI XV, pp. 29-38.
H. Limet, “Observations sur la grammaire des anciennes tablettes de Mari”, Syria 52, 1975, 37-52.
A. Millet Albà, “Le bābtum à Mari”, in Fs. Sanmartín, pp. 303-313.
A. Westenholz, “Some notes on the orthography and grammar of the recently published texts from Mari”, BiOr 35,
1978, 160-169.

2.3.2.8 uzi

[A reminder:
C.H. Gordon, “The Dialect of the Nuzu Tablets”, Or 10, 1938, 1-50 [rev.: RESem 1939, 100-101 (Ch.F. Jean);
AROR 11, 1939, 297-298 (Hrozný)].

H.-P. Adler, Das Akkadische des Königs Tušratta von Mitanni (ARORAT 201), Neukirchen-Vluyn 1976 [rev.:
BSOAS 41 1978 148-149 (H.W. Saggs); BiOr 37 1980 194-197 (A. F. Rainey).
G. Wilhelm, Untersuchungen zum Hurro-Akkadian von uzi (ARORAT 9), Neukirchen-Vluyn 1970 [rev.: BiOr
20, 1972, 314-315 (H. Sauren); WO 7, 1973, 169-173 (G. Szabó)].

11
2.3.2.9 Ugarit

J. Huehnergard, The Akkadian dialects of Carchemish and Ugarit, Harvard Univ. Diss. 1979.
J. Huehnergard, The Akkadian of Ugarit. Vol. I (HSS), Atlanta, GE 1990 [rev.: JBL 109 1990 695-696 (D.
Marcus); OLZ 86 1991 45-48 (W. von Soden); Syria 67 1990 753-755 (F. Malbran-Labat); ZAW 102 1990 444
(I. Kottsieper); BiOr 49 1992 168-180 (Sh. Izre’el)].
J. Huehnergard, Ugaritic Vocabulary in Syllabic Transcription (HSS 32), Winona Lake IN 2008 (revised edition).
Ch. Lebrun, “Lingai- et m¿m∞tu: réflexions sur les ex`ressions communes dans les textes de BoÒasköy et
d’Ugarit”, in Mél. Lebrun II, pp. 29-45.
W.H. van Soldt, Studies in the Akkadian of Ugarit Dating and Grammar (ARORAT 40), Neukirchen-Vluyn 1991.

2.3.2.10 Others

L. Marti, “Des sissiktum à Munbāqa”, ABU 2007, nº 20.

2.4 COMPARATIVE PRESETATIO/CLASSIFICATIO

[The problem of bilinguism included]

T. Boiy, “Akkadian-Greek double names in Hellesnistic Babylonia”, in RAI XLVIII, pp. 47-60.
V. Bubeník, “Grammatical and lexical aspect in Akkadian and Proto-Semitic”, in P13ICHL, pp. 41-56.
R. Caplice, “Il bilinguismo nei testi medio-assiri”, VicOr 3, 1980, 131-138.
M.W. Chavalas “Assyriology and Biblical Studies: a Century and a Half of Tension”, in M.W. Chavalas, K.
Lawson Younger, eds., Mesopotamia and the Bible. Comparative Explorations, Gran Rapids MI, 2002, p.
42.
M. Civil, “Early Semitic Loanwords in Sumerian”, in Fs. Biggs, pp. 11-33.
C. Cohen, “Neo-Assyrian elements in the first speech of the Biblical rab-šāqê”, IOS 9, 1979, 32-48.
J.S. Cooper, “Sumerian and Akkadian in Sumer and Akkad”, Or 42, 1973, 239-246.
J. Cooper: “Bilingual Babel: cuneiform texts in two or more languages from Ancient Mesopotamien and beyond”,
VL 27, 1993, 68-96.
D.O. Edzard, “Das Ebla-akkadische als Teil des altakkadischen Dialekkontinuums”, in ALSC, pp. 76-83.
F.M. Fales, “Accadio e aramaico: livelli dell'interferenza linguistica”, ViOr 3, 1980, 243-267.
F.M. Fales, “Assiro e aramaico: filologia e interferenza linguistica”, ASGM 25, 1984, 21-30.
A. Falkenstein, “Kontakte zwischen Sumerern und Akkadern auf sprachlichem Gebiet”, in RAI IX , pp. 301-314.
I.J. Gelb, “Sumerians and Akkadians in their Ethno-linguistic Relationship”, in RAI IX, pp. 258-271.
I. Gluska, “Akkadian Influences on the Book of Ezequiel”, in Fs. Klein, pp. 718-737.
C.H. Gordon, “Minoan Linear A”, JES 17, 1958, 245-255 [Akkadian lexical affinities in Minoan Linear].
G. Gragg, “The ‘weak’ Verb: Akkadian and Beja”, in in ALSC, pp. 19-29.
G. Haayer, “Languages in contact; the case of Akkadian and Sumerian”, in Fs. Hospers, pp. 77-84. [º1986]
M. Held, “Pits and pitfalls in Akkadian and Biblical Hebrew”, JAES 5, 1973, 173-190.
J. Huehnergard, “Proto-Semitic and Proto-Akkadian”, in ALSC, pp. 1-18.
J. Huehnergard, C. Woods, “Akkadian and Eblaite”, in CEWAL, p. 218-280.
L. Kogan, “Ethiopian Cognates to the Akkadian and Ugaritic Lexicon”, in Fs. Sanmartín, pp. 269-274.
F.R. Kraus, Sumerer und Akkader. Ein Problem der altmesopotamischen Geschichte (MKNA 33/8), Amsterdam
1970.

12
Th.J.H. Krispijn, “De tweetaligheid en Sprachbund in de Oud-Babylonische periode: de invoering van het
Akkadisch in de officiële taal van Babylonië”, HandFC 35, 1978, 99-102.
R. Labat, “Le bilinguisme en Mésopotamie ancienne”, GLECS 8, 1957-60, 5-7.
B. Landsberger, “Probleme der akkadischen und semitischen Sprachen”, ZDMG 81 (1927) 42-43.
L. Milano, “Osservazioni sul bilinguismo ugaritico-accadico”, VicOr 3, 1980, 139-151, 179-197.
A. Militarev, “Akkadian-Egyptian Lexical Matches”, in Fs. Gragg, pp. 155-163.
F. Malbran-Labat, “Akkadien, bilingues et bilinguisme en Élam et à Ougarit”, in MLMS, pp. 33-62.
N.A. Mkrtčjan, “Utočnenie akkadskich nazvanij rastenij po dannym armjanskogo jazyka” [Determination of
Akkadian plant names according to data from the Armenian language], Drevnij Vostok (Erevan) 5, 1988, 187-
202.
M. Müller, “Akkadisch von Ägyptern – Beispiele eines unvollkommenen Fremdspracherwerbs”, in Th. Schneider
Hrgb., Das Ägyptische und die Sprachen Vorderasiens ordafrkas und der Ägäis. Akten des Basler
Kolloquiums … (AOAT 310), Münster 2004, pp.183-218.
K. Oberhuber, “Zu Kontaktwirkungen der Symbiose Sum.-Akk.”, in Fs. Muth, pp. 279-282.
S.A. Pallis, ed., Akkadisk og Sumerisk: Festskrift udgivet af Kǿbenhavns Uni. i anledning av Hans Majestaet
Kongens fǿdselsdag, 11. marts 1958, Kǿbenhavn, 1958 [rev.: RSO 33, 1958, 279 (G. Furlani)].
O. Pedersén, “Some morphological aspects of Sumerian and Akkadian linguistic areas”, in Fs. Sjoberg, pp. 429-
438.
G. Rubio, “Falling trees and forking tongues: The place of Akkadian and Eblaite within Semitic”, in Fs. Militarev,
pp. 152-189.
G. Rubio, “Eblaite, Akkadian, and East Semitic”, in ALSC, pp. 110-139.
G. Rubio, “On the linguistic landscape of early Mesopotamia”, in RAI XLVIII, pp. 316-332.
M. Sokoloff, “New Akkadian Loanwords in Jewish Babylonian Aramaic”, in Fs. Klein, pp. 575-586.
Ol. Stolbova, “Chadic lexical parallels to isolated glosses in Akkadian, Hebrew, Sabaic and Geez”, in A12GSCSI,
pp. 55-62.
H. Tawil, Hebrew ysr, Akkadian es·ru: A Term of Forced Labor (Lexicographical Note IX)”, in Fs. Avishur, pp.
185-190.
D. Testen, “Cognates to the Akkadian preposition ana in Ethiopia and South Arabia”, 488-2003/241-255.
M. Tsevat, “Alalakhiana”, HUCA 292, 1958, 109-114 [2. Alalakh and Canaanite linguistic and literary studies].
L. van Lerberghe, “Language in Sumer and Akkad”, in LA, pp. 47-55.
W. von Soden, Zweisprachigkeit in der geistigen Kultur Babyloniens (SbÖAW 235, I), Wien 1960 [rev.: BiOr 24,
1967, 59-61 (R. Jestin); OLZ 58, 1963, 150-151 (A. Salonen)].
R. Zadok, “Foreigners and Foreign Linguistic Material in Mesopotamia and Egypt”, in Fs. Lipiński, pp. 431-447.
T. Zewi, A syntactical study of verbal forms affixed by -n(n) endings in classical Arabic, Biblical Hebrew, EI-
Amarna Akkadian and Ugaritic, Münster 1999.

2.5 PHOOLOGY and GRAPHEMICS

2.5.0 General

[A reminder:
F. Bayer, Die Entwicklung der Keilschrift, Roma 1927].

G. Buccellati, “Akkadian and Amorite Phonology”, in PhAA, pp. 3-38 (with bibliography).

13
I.M. Diakonoff, Proto-Afrasian and Old Akkadian: A Study in Historical Phonetics (= JAL 4/1-2), Princeton, NJ
1992.
D.O. Edzard, “Keilschrift”, in RlA 5:544-67.
A. Falkenstein, “Die Entzifferung der Keilschrift. Die Keilschrift”, in Handbuch der Orientalistik, Erste Abt., Zweiter
Band, Erster und Zweiter Abschnitt, Lief. 1: Das Sumerische, Leiden 1959, pp. 1-13.
I. J. Gelb, Old Akkadian Writing and Grammar (Materials for the Assyrian Dictionary, 2), Chicago 1961.
M.W. Green, “Early cuneiform”, in W.S, Senner, ed., The origins of writing, Lincoln NB 1989, pp. 43-57 [rev.:
Language 67, 1991, 835-842 (P.T. Daniels)].
E.L. Greenstein, Phonological studies in Akkadian, Dis. Columbia Univ. 1977 [DAb 38, 1978, 6097-A].
E.L. Greenstein, “The phonology of Akkadian syllable structure”, AAL 9, 1984, 1-71 [rev.: JARORS 106, 1986,
359-362 (D.O. Edzard); JSS 31, 1986, 81-83 (W. von Soden).
K. Jaritz, Schriftarchäologie der altmesopotamischen Kultur, Graz 1967.
G. Jucquois, Phonétique comparée des dialectes moyen-babyloniens du nord et de l’ouest (Bibliothèque du
“Muséon”, 53), Louvain 1966 [rev.: OA 10, 1971, 79-83 (G. Buccellati); RBPh 45, 1967, 241 (L. Deroy)].
G.Ch. Kaplan, “K fonetike sredneassirijskogo dialekta akkadskogo jazyka”[The phonetics of the Middle Assyrian
dialect od Akkadian language], in SemJaz, pp. 186-200.
E.E. Knudsen, “Akkadian in Greek orthography: evidence of sound change in an ancient traditional
pronunciation”, OS 38-39, 1989-90, 71-80.
L. Kogan, “Notes on Barth’s Law in Akkadian with an excursus on the history of Semitic verbs Iy”, BiBa 1, 2004,
343-348.
N.J.C. Kouwenberg, “Initial Plene Writing abd the Conjugation of the First Weak Verbs in Akkadian”, JOL 38,
2004, 83-103.
N.J.C. Kouwenberg, “The reflexes of Proto-Semitic gutturals in Old Assyrian”, in ALSC, pp. 150-176.
M. Krebennk, H.J. Nissen, “Die sumerisch-akkadische Kei1schrift”, in H. Günher, O. Ludwig, eds.,
Schrift und Schriftlichkeit: ein interdisziplinäres Handbuch internationaler Forschung (Handbücher
zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschadaft, 10), Berlin 1994, pp. 274-288.
R. Labat, “L’écriture cenéiforme et la civilisation mésopotamienne”, in M. Cohen et al., L’écriture et la
psychologie des peuples. Centre International de Synthèse, XXIIe Semaine de synthèse, Paris 1963, pp. 73-92.
R. Labat, “Le système phonétique de l’akkadien, observation préliminaires à une étude phonologique”, GLECS
janvier 1946, pp. 9-12.
M. Lambert, “Écritures idéographiques et syllabiques en Mesopotamie et en Islam”, GLECS 11, 1966-1967, 74-82.
L.A. Lipin. “Élementy aggljutinacii v akkadskom jazyke po materialam licnych mestoimenij”´[Elements of
agglutination in the Akkadian personal pronouns], in T25CIO I, pp. 213-219.
M.-G. Mazetti-Rouault, “Rôles et images de l’écriture en Mésopotamie ancienne”, Semitica 49, 1999, 6-18.
B. Meissner - K. Oberhuber, Die Keilschrift (Sammlung Gösche 708), Berlin 19673.
P. Meriggi, “Altsumerische und proto-elamische Bilderschrift”, en W. Voigt, ed., XVII. Deutsche Orientalistentag,
Teil 1 (ZDMG Suppl. I), Wiesbaden 1969, pp. 156-161.
N. Nováková, “Die Graphik der Gesetze ïammurabis in einer statistisclien Analyse”, in Fs. Petráček, pp. 415-
465.
A.L. Oppenheim, “Additions au ‘Syllabaire accadien’ de F. Thureau-Dangin”, Or 9, 1940, 25-28.
Ch. Proust, “Numerical and metrological graphemes: from cuneiform to transliteration (1)”, Cuneiform Digital
Library Journal 2009/1 (preprint).
W. Sommerfeldt, “Varianten in der Keilschrift-Orthographie und die historische Phonologie des Akkadischen”, in
Fs. Sanmartín, pp. 359-376.
P. Swiggers, “A note on the phonology of Old Akkadian”, OLP 11, 1980, 5-9.
W. von Soden, “Zur Laut- und Formenlehre des Neuassyrischen”, AfO 18, 1957, 121-2.
14
C. Wilcke, “Aï, die ‘Brüder’ von Emar: Untersuchungen zur Schreibtradition am Euphratknie”, AuOr 9, 1992,
115-150.
C.B.F. Walker, Cuneiform (Reading the Past), London 1993..

2.5.1 Graphemics

B. André-Leicknam, Chr. Ziegler, eds., aissance de l’écriture. Cunéiforme et Hieroglyphs [II. Les systèmes
d’écriture. Les écritures cunéiforms. Les écritures égyptiennes], Paris 1982, pp. 73-170.
J. Aro, Abnormal Plene Writting in Akkadian Texts (SO XIX/11), Helsinki 1953.
R. Borger, Akkadische Zeichenliste (ARORAT 6), Neukirchen-Vluyn 1971 [rev.: RA 66, 1972, 92 (J. Nougayrol);
JES 32, 1973, 258 (R.D. Biggs); WO 7, 1973, 191-192 (W. Röllig); Or 42, 1973, 535 (J.L. Zubizarreta);
BSOAS 36, 1973, 638-639 (D.J. Wiseman); ZA 63, 1973, 305-307 (K. Hecker)].
R. Borger, Assyrisch-babylonische Zeichenliste (ARORAT 33A), Neukirche-Vluyn 1981/1988 [rev.: BiOr 39,
1982, 333-334 (S.J. Lieberman); ArOr 52, 1984, 102-103 (B. Hruška); JARORS 111, 1991, 836-837 (J.S.
Cooper)].
R.Borger, Mesopotamische Zeichenlexikon (AOAT 305), Münster 2003.
R. Borger, “Wie lernt man die Elemente der Keilschrift?”, BiOr 40, 1983, 294-298.
Fr. Breyer, “Zur Wiedereinführung des neuassyrischen Lautwertes tàn aufgrund der keilschriftlichen Wiedergabe
eines meroitischen Pharaonennamens”, in Fs. Jenni, pp. 17-22.
G. Buccellati, “Comparative graphemic analysis of Old Babylonian and Western Akkadian”, UF 11, 1979, 89-100.
A. Cavigneaux, Die sumuerisch-akkadischen. Zeichenliste, Dis. München 1976.
A. Cavigneaux, “L’origine de la graphie DÙ.DÙ(.BI) puor tašappi”, RA 77, 1983, 90-91.
D. Charpin, “La lecture akkadienne de l’idéogramme gír-gi-zu à Mari”, ABU 2006, nº 90.
Y. Cohen. “Hittite GIŠ-GIkurtal(i), Akkadian naB-Bu, and the Cuneiform Sign NAB”, JAOS 126, 2006, 419-423.
F.M. Cross, J. Huehnergard, “The Alphabet on a Late Babylonian Cuneiform School Tablets”, Or 72, 2003, 223-
431.
A.-S. Dalix, “Šuppiluliuma (II?) dans les textes alphabétoqies d’Ugarit et la date d’apparition de l’alphabet
cuneiform”, Semitica 48, 1999, 5-15.
A. Deimel, F. Gössmann, Sumerische, akkadische und hethitische Lautwerte nach Keilschriftezeichen und
Alphabet, Rom 19473.
K. Deller, “Zweisilbige Lautwerte des Typs KVKV im Neuassyrischen”, Or 31, 1962, 7-26.
K. Deller, “Studien zur neuassyrischen Orthographie”, Or 31, 1962, 186-196.
I.M. Diakonof, “On plene-spelling in Akkadian”, in Fs. Leslau 1991, I, pp. 295-296.
G. Dossin, “La valeur syllabique am du signe PI”, RA 61, 1967, 19-22.
G. Dossin, “Le nom du signe (m)ušlânu”, RA 64, 1970, 162-163.
P.W. Gaebelein, Graphemic analysis of Old Babylonian letters from Mari (DAb 37), Los Angeles CA 1977.
I.J. Gelb, “WA = aw, iw, uw in Cuneiform Writing”, JES 20, 1961, 194-196.
I.J. Gelb, “Comments on the Akkadian syllabary”, Or 39, 1970, 516-546.
I.J. Gelb, “A note on morphographemics”, in Mél Cohen, pp. 73-77.
E.I. Gordon, “The meaning of the ideogram dKASKAL.KUR: underground watercourse and its significance for
Bronze Age historiacl geography”, JCS 21, 1967, 70-88.
H. Hirsch, “Zur Lesung des Zeichens Aï“, in Fs. Von Soden 1969, pp. 119-131.
I. Kärki, “Über die Indizierung der zweisilbigen akkadischen Lautwerte”, SO 46, 1975, 167-168.
L. Kataja, “A reverse list of Neo-Assyrian signs”, SAAB 2, 1988, 125-128.
J. Keetman, “Erneuerung des Syllabars im Ur III-Akkadischen: Schriftreform oder Sparchwandel?”, ZA 94, 2004,

15
 186-201.
Y. Kobayashi, Graphemic analysis of the Old Babylonian letters from South Babylonia (DAb 36), Los Angeles
CA 1976.
L. Kogan, “ZI and SI in Codex Hammur¿pi (with an appendix on the Laws of Eshnunna)”, BiBa 1, 2004, 13-22.
F.R. Kraus, “Eine Besonderheit der älteren akkadischen Orthographie”, RSO 32, 1957, 103-108.
M. Krebernik, “Zur Entwicklung der Keilschrift im III. Jahrtausend anhand der Texte aus Ebla: ein Vergleich
zwischen altakkadischem und eblaitischem Schriftsystem”, AfO 32, 1985, 53-59.
R. Labat, Manuel d’épigraphie akkadienne (signes, syllabaires, idéogrammes), Parius 1948/1963/1976 [rev.: BSL
45, 1949, 214-216 (M. Cohen); DLZ 71, 1950, 243-244 (J. Friedrich); RB 57, 1950, 305 (R.J. Tournay); BiOr
8, 1951, 80-86 (R. Follet); Syria 54, 1977, 277-278 (M. Lambert); AROR 47, 1979, 362-263 (B. Hruška)].
R. Labat, “Le rayonnement de la langue et de l'écriture akkadiennes au deuxième millénaire avant notre ère”, Syria
39, 1962, 1-27.
R. Labat, “L’écriture cenéiforme et la civilisation mésopotamienne”, in M. Cohen et al., L’écriture et la
psycologie des peuples (Centre international de synthèse, XXIIe semaine de synthèse), Paris 1963, pp. 73-92.
R. Labat, “Cryptographie cunéiforme”, RA 59, 1965, 183.
R. Labat, “Le problème de la notation des homophones nouveaux dans le syllabiare suméro-akkadien”, Semitica 1,
1948, 3-15.
R. Labat, “Problémes de la transcription”, in RAI II, 81-82 (discussion, pp. 85-92).
S.J. Lieberman, “The names of the cuneiform graphemes in Old Babylonian Akkadian”, in Fs. Finkelstein, pp.
147-154.
L.A. Lipin, “Dopolnenie k akkadskomu sillabariju” [Additions to the Akkadian syllabary], in Mél. Struve, pp. 60-
62.
W.R. Mayer, “Besonderheiten in der Verwendung des Graphems A.A in Akkadischen”, Or 72, 2003, 293-306.
J.G. Macqueen, “Cuneiform, non-Sumerian”, in ELL 2, 796-798.
P. Michalowski, J.S.Cooper, G.B. Gragg, “Meosopotamian cuneiform” [origin, Sumerian and Akkadian, other
languages], in P.T. Daniels, W. Briggs, eds., The world’s writing systems, New York 1996, pp. 33-72
C. Mittermayer, Altbabylonische Zeichenliste der sumerisch-literarischen Texte (OBO, Sonderband), Fribourg
/Göttingen 2006 (rev.: WZKM 98, 2008, 391-393 (Kl. Wagensonner)].
P. Naster, “Grafische Archaïsmen in de Assyrische Teksten”, HandVlFC 25, 1963, 139-143.
A.V. Nemirovskaya, “lú as a logogram for amma in the standard Babylonian epic of Gilgamesh”, ABU 2008/78.
S. Parpola, “The reading of the Neo-Assyrian logogram LÚSIMUG.KUG.GI goldsmith'“, SAAB 2, 1988, 77-80.
L.E. Pearce, Cuneiform cryptography: numerical substitutions for sylabic and logographic signs, Yale Univ. Diss.
1982.
O. Pedersén, “The reading of the Neo-Assyrian logogram U.U.”, OS 33-35, 1984-86, 313-315.
J. Prosecky, “L’analyse graphémique de la version paléobabylonienne du mythe d’Athramhas∞s: contribution à la
méthode de l’analyse graphémique des textes cunéiformes akkadiens”, ArOr 54, 1986, 61-76.
E. Reiner, “The phonological interpretation of a subsystem in the Akkadian syllabary”, in Fs. Oppenheim, pp. 167-
180.
E. Reiner, “New cases of morphophonemic spellings”, Or 42, 1973, 35-38.
E. Reiner, “How We Read Cuneiform Texts”, JCS 25, 1973, 3-58.
J. Renger, “Überlegungen zum akkadischen Syllabar”, ZA 61, 1971, 23-43.
K.K. Riemschneider, “Compound graphemic units in Standart Babylonian cuneiform writing”, JCS 28, 1976, 65-
71.
S. Segert, “Die Orthographie der alphabetischen Keilschrifttafeln in akkadischer Sprache aus Ugarit”, SEL 5,
1988, 189-205.

16
D. Silvestri, “Scrittura e testi arcaici di Uruk IV: dal repertorio all’enciclopedia”, in C. Vallini, ed., Scrittura e
scritture: seminario interdisciplinare su teoria e prassi della scrittura, Napoli 1983, pp.
D.C. Snell, A workbook of cuneiform signs (ARTANES 3), Malibu 1979 [rev.: RB 88, 1981, 619 (M. Sigrist);
Language 57, 1981, 226-228 (D.A. Foxvog); AROR 51, 1983, 196-197 (B. Hruška)].
P. Steinkeller, “Studies in Third Millennium Paleography, 4: Sign KIfl”, ZA 94, 2004, 175-185.
M. Stol, “Remarks on Some Sumerograms and Akkadian Words”, in Fs. Biggs, pp. 233-242.
R.F.G. Sweet, “Logogram PA.PA = Akk, ša ≠aÃÃātim?”, AfO 18, 1958, 361.
M. Tsevat, “Additions to the Akkadian Syllabary”, JCS 13, 1959, 15-18.
W. von Soden, “A three column Silbenvokabular A”, in Fs. Landsberger, pp. 21-28.
W. von Soden, Das akkadische Syllabar (AnOr 27), Roma 1948/19672/19763/19914 [rev.: BiOr 7, 1950, 76-78
(S.N. Kramer); RL 1, 1950, 160 (W. Belardi); Or 19, 1950, 90-93 (C.H. Gordon); RB 57, 1950, 304 (R.J.
Tournay); WZKM 62, 1969, 295-298 (J.A. Brinkman); MIO 16, 1970, 141-144 (K.K. Reimschneider); JES
29, 1970, 137-138 (R.D. Biggs); OLZ 65, 1970, 143-145 (K. Hecker); BiOr 28, 1971, 208-210 (R. Labat);
Muséon 81, 1968, 282-283 (G. Jucquois); AROR 36, 1968, 340-342 (L. Matouš); RA 62, 1968, 161-163 (J.
Nougayrol)].
A. Westenholz, “Do not trust the Assyriologists! Some remarks on the transliteration and normalisation of Old
Babylonian Akkadian”, in ALSC, pp. 252-260.
C.P.T. Winckworth, “Some Notes on Late-Babylonian Orthography”, in Fs. Cook, pp. 67-71.
Chr. Woods, “The Paleography and Values of the Sing KIB”, in Fs. Biggs, pp. 325-341.
R. Zadok, “Historical and onomastic notes”, WO 9/1, 1977, 35-56 [3. On the element ’ayya in Neo-Assyrian,
Neo-Babylonian and Late-Babylonian transcriptions].

2.5.2 Consonantism

J. Aro, “Die semitischen Zischlaute (¨), š, ° und s und ihre Vertretung im Akkadischen”, Or 28, 1959, 321-335.
K. Deller, “*i≠≠a§ = im≠a§ auch altbabylonisch?”, Or 35, 1966, 33-35.
A. Dolgopolsky, “Two problems of Semitic. II. Akkadian Reflexes of *V and *H”, in Fs. Leslau I, pp. 328-339.
A. Faber, “Akkadian Evidence for Proto-Semitic Affricates”, JCS 37, 1985, 101-107.
F.W. Geers, “The treatment of emphatics in Akkadian”, JES 4, 1945, 65-67.
A. Goetze, “The Sibilants of Old Babylonian”, RA 52, 1958, 137-149.
E.L. Greenstein, “The assimilation of dentals and sibilants with pronominal š in Akkadian”, JAES 12, 1980, 51-
64.
J. Keetman, “Der Verlust der ‘Kehlaute’ im Akkadischen und der Lautwandel a> e”, AoF 31, 2004, 5-14.
J. Keetman, “Wann und warum sprach man ím Akkadíschen einen Lateralfrikatív?”, UF 38, 2006, 363-378.
E.A. Knauf, “Aššur, Šūaú und der stimmlose Sibilant des Assyrischen”, B 49, 1989, 13-16.
L.E. Kogan, “O nereguljamych refleksach protosemitskich laringalov v akkadskom jazyke” (On the irregular
reflexes of Proto-Semitic laryngeals in Akkadian), VDI 1995, 156-162.
E.E. Knudsen, “Cases of Free Variants in the Akkadian q Phoneme”, JCS 15, 1961, 84-90.
L. Kogan, “ġ in Akkadian”, UF 33, 2002, 263-298.
L.A. Lipin(e), “Principes généraux de l’assimilation de consonnes homorgames, incompatibles aux limites des
morphèmes en accadien”, ANE . M, 1980, 144-179 [ruso]
I. Márquez Rowe, “Notes on the Hurro-Akkadian of Alala≠ in the Mid-Second Millennium B.C.E.”, in IOS XVIII,
pp. 63-78.
L. Matouš, K. Petrácek, “Beiträge zur akkadischen Grammatik. I. Die Liquiden in ihrem Verhältnis zum Vokal im
Assyriscehn”, AROR 24, 1956, 1-14.
17
O.E. Ravn, “The substitution of -ss- for -šš- in Babylonian”, Acta Orientalia 17, 1939, 318-328.
E. Salonen, “Über den Laut H im Akkadischen”, SO 46, 1975, 291-299.
M. Streck, “Sibilants in the Old Babylonian texts of Hammurapi and of the governors of Qattunan”, in ALSC, pp.
215-251.
D. Testen, “Evidence of an early metathesis among Akkadian piristum-stem nouns”, JAOS 123, 2003, 577-594.
J. Tropper, “Akkadisch nu≠≠utu und die Repräsentation des Phonems /ú/ im Akkadischen”, ZA 85 (1995) 58-66.
J. Tropper, “Zain als Affrikate im älteren Akkadischen”, UF 28, 1996, 647-649.
R.M. Voigt, “A note on the alleged Middle/Neo-Assyrian sound change s’(*š’)>ss<§>“, JES 45, 1986, 53-57.
W. von Soden “Aramäisches ú erscheint im Spätbabylonischen vor m auch als g”, AfO 19, 1959-1960, 149.
W. von Soden, “Die Spirantisierung von Verschlusslauten im Akkadischen: ein Vorbericht”, JES 27, 1968, 214-
220.
E.J. Wilson, “Sibilant rivalry”, Akkadica 70, 1990, 28-40.

2.5.3 Vocalism and stress

J. Aro, “Der Abfall der kurzen Auslautvokale im Spätbabylonischen und seine Einwirkung auf die Formenlehre”,
SO 46, 1975, 11-20.
F.R. Blake, “Studies in Semitic Grammar III, JARORS 65, 1945, 111-116? [1. E for a adjacent to gutturals in
Akkadian. Supposed influence of preceding and following i in Akkadian].
K. Deller, S. Parpola, “Progressive Vokalassimilation im Neuassyrischen”, Or 36, 1967, 337-338.
W.C. Delsman, “Das Barth’sche Gesetz und Lehnwörter”, UF 11, 1979, 187-188.
E.E. Ettisch, “Die Vokalfolge in den babylonischen Keilschrifttexten”, RA 57, 1963, 201-203.
A. Goetze, “Sequence of Two Short Syllabes in Akkadian”, Or 15, 1946, 233-238.
A. Goetze, “Short or Long a? (Notes on Some Akkadian Words)”, Or 16, 1947, 239-250.
J.Ph. Hyatt, The Treatment of Final Vowels in Early eo-Babylonian (YOSR 23), New Haven 1941.
Sh. Izre’el, “The complementary distribution of the vowels e and i in the peripheral Akkadian dialect of Amurru: a
further step towards our understanding of the development of the Amarna jargon”, PIHSC 4, 1983, 525-541.
Sh. Izre’el, “Segmented Length: A View from Akkadian”, in Fs. Goldenberg, pp. 13-28.
E.E. Knudsen, “The Mari Akkadian shift ia>ê and the treatment of l”h formations in Biblical Hebrew”, JES 41,
1982, 35-43.
E.E. Knudsen, “Stress in Akkadian”, JS 32, 1980, 3-16.
J. Kuryłowicz, “Esquisse d’une théorie de l’apophonie en sémitique”, BSL 53, 1957-58, 1-38.
P. Marrassini, “Nota sul passaggio a>e in accadico”, EVO 4, 1981, 349-355.
J. Nougayrol, “‘Vocalisées’ et ‘syllabes en liberté’ à Ugarit”, Fs. Landsberger, pp. 29-39.
E. Reiner, “Another Neo-Assyrian Ablaut”, in Fs. Kienast, pp. 391-393.
D. Testen, “A trace of Barth’s predical *i in Akkadian”, JES 51, 1992, 131-133.
W. von Soden, “Vokalfärbungen im Akkadischen”, JCS 2, 1948, 291-303.
A. Westenholz, “The phoneme /o/ in Akkadian”, ZA 81, 1991, 10-19.
J.V.K. Wilson, J.V. Kinnier, “‘Desonance’ in Accadian”, JSS 13, 1968, 93-103.
R. Zadok, “Historical and onomastic notes”, WO 9/1, 1977, 35-56 [2. Evidence for the shift a > o in Neo-Assyrian,
Neo-Babylonian and Late-Babylonian material].

2.6 MORPHOLOGY
.
2.6.1 General:

18
G. Buccellati, “Towards a formal typology of Akkadian similes”, in Fs. Kramer, pp. 59-70.
L. de Meyer, “De nominale woordvorming in het Oudbabylonisch der Susa-oorkonden”, Ogand 1, 1964, 105-129.
I.M. Diakonoff, L. Kogan, “Akkadian Morphology”, in MAA, pp. 3-48.
I. J. Gelb, Morphology of Akkadian. A Comparative and Historical Sketch, Chicago 1952.
J. Huehnergard, “Three notes on Akkadian morphology”, Fs. Lambdin, pp.181-193 [1. The ending –¿’ in
masculine plurals. 2. Bound forms in -ê. 3. The preterite of verbs I-w].
M. Krebernik, “Some questions concerning word formation in Akkadian”, in ALSC, pp. 84-95.
J.J. McCarthy, “Template form in prosodic morphology”, in L. Smith Stvan et al., eds, FLSM III: papers
from the third annual meeting of the Formal Linguistic Society of Midamerica. orthwestern
University, Evaston, Illinois, May 15-17, 1991, Bloomington IN 1992, pp. 187-218.

2.6.2 Pronoun

G.R. Castellino, The Akkadian Personal Pronouns and Verbal System in the Light of Semitic and Hamitic, Leiden
1962 [rev.: BiOr 21, 1964, 190-194 (D.O. Edzard)].
G.R. Castellino, “Observations on the Akkadian Personal Pronouns in the Light of Semitic and Hamitic”, MIOF 5,
1967, 185-218.
A.G. Kifišin, A.G., “Assiriologiceskie zametki. Reljativnaja forma ša...-šu v akkadskom jazyke” [Assyriological
Notes.The relative form ša...-šu in the Akkadian Language], in SemJaz, pp. 786-792.
Th.J. Meek, “The Explicative Pronoun šu/ša in the Code of Hammurabi”, in Fs. Hroznv III, pp. 190, 78-81.
W.L. Moran, “The dual personal pronouns in Western Peripheral Akkadian”, BASOR 211, 1973, 50-53.
J.G. Westenholz, “Akkadian ‘therefore’: an example of morpheme substitution among pronouns”, Or 54, 1985,
321-326.
R.M. Whiting, “The dual personal pronouns in Akkadian”, JES 31, 1972, 331-337.
R.M. Whiting, “More about dual personal pronouns in Akkadian”, JES 36, 1977, 209-211.

2.6.3 oun

2.6.3.1 Gender

J. Brikman, “Masculine or Feminine The Case of Conflicting Gender Determinatives for Middle Babylonian
Personal Names”, in Fs. Biggs, pp. 1-10.
D.O. Edzard, “mNingal-gāmil, fIštar-damqat. Die Genuskongruenz im akkadischen theophoren Personennamen”,
ZA 55, 1962, 113-130.

2.6.3.2 Case/Status

Aro, J., “Präpositionale Verbindungen als Bestimmungen des Nomens im Akkadischen”, Or 32 1963 395-406.
G. Buccellati, “On the Akkadian ‘attributive’ genitive”, AAL 3/2, 1976, 1-9 (19-27).
G. Buccellati, “The case of the alleged Akkadian plural morpheme -¿nū”, AAL 3/2, 1976, 10-12 (28-30).
A. Dolgopolsky, “Two problems of Semitic historical linguistics. I. Mimation and Nunation”, Fs. Leslau 1991 I ,
pp. 328-339.
W. Heimpel, G. Guidi, “Der Koinzidenzfall im Akkadischen”, ZDMG Suppl. 1/1, pp. 148-152.
R.S. Hess, “The Operation of Case Vowels in the Personal Names of the Amarna Texts”, in RAI XXXVI, pp.
201-210.
19
J. Huehnergard, “Akkadian evidence for case-vowels on Ug. bounds forms”, JCS 33, 1981, 199-205.
T. Jacobsen, “The Akkadian ablative absolute”, JES 22, 1963, 18-29,
M. Kossmann, “The case system of West-Eemitised Amarna akkadian”, JEOL 30, 1987s., 38-60.
F.R. Kraus, “Der akkadische Vokativ”, in Fs. Kramer 1976, pp. 293-297.
M. Liverani, “Antecedenti del diptotismo arabo nei testi accadici di Ugarit”, RSO 38, 1963, 131-160.
R. Marcus, “On the Genitive after umma in the Amarna Tablets”, JCS 2, 1948, 23-224.
R. Mugnaioni , “L’état construit en babylonien entre morphologie et phonologie”, in FMLS, pp. 185-200.
J. Nougayrol, “La détermination et l’indétermination du nom en accadien”, GLECS 5, 1950, 73-76, 78.
W. von Soden, “Status rectus-Formen vor dem Genitiv im Akkadischen und die sogenannte uneigentliche
Annexion im Arabischen”, JES 19, 1960, 163-171.
W. von Soden, “Zum Akkusativ der Beziehung im Akkadischen”, Or 30, 1961, 156-162.

2.6.3.3 umber

M.M. Bravmann, “The Plural Ending -ūt- of Masculine Attributive Adjectives in Akkadian”, JCS 1, 1947, 343.
C. Correl, “Zum adjectivischen ‘Abstrktplural’ des Akkadischen”, LBer 128, 1990, 332-337.
A. Goetze, “The Akkadian Masculine Plural in -anu/i and its Semitic Background”, Language 22, 1946, 121-130.
A. Salonen, ‘Nomen unitatis im Akkadischen’, BiOr 31, 1974, 38.

M.P. Streck, “Simply a Seller, Nothing but Gods: The Nominal Suffix –ān in Old Babylonian”, in Fs. Diakonoff
2005, pp. 233-243.

2.6.3.4 Pattern

D.O. Edzard, “Zu den akkadischen Nominalformen parsat-, pirsat und pursat-”, ZA 72, 1982, 68-88.
E.A. Speiser, “The ‘Elative’ in West-Semitic and Akkadian”, JCS 6, 1952, 81-92.
W. von Soden, “Deminutiva nach der Form qutail > qutīl und vergleichbare vierkonsonantische Bildungen im
Akkadischen”, Fs. Leslau 1991 II, pp. 1488-1492.
W. Von Soden, “Zum akkadischen Wörterbuch”, Or 15, 1946, 423-431 [1. Zur Nominalbildung quttullā'].j
W. von Soden, “Zum akkadischen Wörterbuch”, Or 25, 1956, 241-250 [81. l statt n in altassyrischen
Wortformen].

2.6.4 Verb:

2.6.4.0 General

G. R. Castellino, The Akkadian Personal Pronouns and Verbal System in the Light of Semitic and Hamitic, Leiden
1962.
Z. Cochavi-Rainey, “Tenses and modes in cuneiform texts written by Eqyptian scribes in the Late Bronze Age”,
UF 22 1990 5-23.
G. Gragg, “The ‘weak’ Verb: Akkadian and Beja”, in in ALSC, pp. 19ff.
A. Haldar, The Akkadian verbal system. 1. The paris form”, Or 32, 1963, 246-279.
H.E. Hirsch, "Zur Struktur des akkadischen Verbums: Eine Betrachtung. Mit einem Essay 'Assyriologie und
Geschichte'" (<http://homepage.univie.ac.at/hans.erich.hirsch/papers/>).
H. Hirsch, “Ein Verbalform zum Nachdenken”, in Fs. Briggs, pp. 109-117.
Sh. Izre’el, ”The Akkadian Verbal System: Derivational and Inflectional Strategies”, in Fs. Klein, pp. 533-547.

20
B. Kienast, “Auf den Vokalklassen beim akkadischen Verbum”, in HSAROR, pp. 63-85.
L. Kogan, “Notes on Barth’s Law in Akkadian with an excursus on the history of Semitic verbs Iy”, BiBa 1, 2004,
343-348.
Th.J.H. Krispijn, “Das Verb in den zweisprachigen Inschriften der Hammurabi-Dynastie”, in Fs. Kraus, pp. 145-
162.
N.J.C. Kouwenberg, Gemination in the Akkadian verb (Studia semitica neerlandica, 32) Assen 1997.
J. Kuryłowicz, “Esquisse d´une théorie de l´apophonie en sémitique”, BSL 53, 1957-58, 1-38 [5. Les systèmes
verbaux sémitique commun et akkadien].
K.A. Metzler, Tempora in albabylonischen literarischen Texten (AOAT 279), Münster 2002 [rev.: BaBi 1, 2004,
393-434 (S. Loesov)].
L.M. Muntingh, “Problems in connection with verbal forms in the Amarna letters from Jerusalem, with special
reference to EA 286”, JS/TS 1/2, 1989, 244-256.
D. Pardee, R.M. Whiting, “Aspects of epistolary verbal usage in Ugaritic and Akkadian”, BSOAS 51, 1987, 1-31.
S. Parpola, Likalka ittatakku: two notes on the morphology of the verb alaku in neo-Assyrian”, SO 55, 1984, 183-
209.
O.E. Ravn, “Babylonian Permansive and Status Indeterminatus”, AROR 17 (Mélanges Hrozný II), 1949, 300-306.
O. Rössler, “Akkadisches und Libysches Verbum”, Or 20 (1951) 101-107, 366-373.
M.P. Streck, Zahl und Zeit. Grammatik der umeralia und des Verbalsystems im Spätbabylonischen, Groningen
1995.
J.P. van Westhuizen, “Morphology and morphosyntax of the verb in the Amqi Amarna letters”, JS/TS 3, 1991, 54-
84.
W. von Soden, “Zu A. Haldar, ‘The Akkadian verbal system’”, Or 33, 1964, 437-442.
T. Zewi, A syntactical study of verbal froms affixed by –n(n) endings in classical Arabic, Biblical Hebrew, El-
Amarna Akkadian and Ugaritic (AOAT 260), Münster 1999.

2.6.4.1 Verbal Categories (stative/active)

D.O. Edzard, Die Iterativestämme beim akkadischen Verbum. Die Frage ihrer Entstehung; ihre Funktion; ihre
Verbreitung (BAW, Phil.-hist.Klasse 1996/2), München 1996.
H.-P. Müller, “Ergativelemente im akkadischen und althebräischen Verbalsystem”, Biblica 66, 1985, 385-417.
G. Steiner, “ïamÃu und marû als verbale ï Kategorien im Sumerischen und im Akkadischen”, RA 75, 1981, 1-14.

2.6.4.2 Verbal Typology

[sound and weak patterns]

A. Heidel, The System of the Quadriliteral Verb in Akkadian (AS 13), Chicago, IL 1940 [rev.: ZA 49, 1950, 3303-
333 (W. von Soden)].
B. Kienast, “Das System der zweiradikaligen Verben im Akkadischen (Ein Beitrag zur vergleichenden
Semitistik)”, ZA 21, 1962, 138-155.
L. Kogan, “Notes on Barth’s Law in Akkadian with an excursus on the history of Semitic verbs Iy”, BiBa 1, 2004,
343-348.
N.J.C. Kouwenberg, “Initial Plene Writing abd the Conjugation of the First Weak Verbs in Akkadian”, JOL 38,
2004, 83-103
W. von Soden, “Unregelmäsige Verben im Akkadischen”, ZA 16, 1952, 163-181.

21
W. von Soden, “Zum akkadischen Wörterbuch”, Or 20, 1951, 151-166, 257-269 [41. Zu einigen vierradikaligen
Verben. 50. Ingressiv-durative -Stämme von Verben mediae geminatae].

2.6.4.3 Grundstamm (G/1)

2.6.4.3.1 Suffixed Conjugation (Stative)

G. Buccellati, “An Interpretation of the Akkadian Stative as a Nominal Sentence”, JES 27, 1968, 1-12.
G. Buccellati, “The state of the ‘stative’”, in Fs. Ehrman, pp. 153-189.
D. Cohen, “Permansif akkadien, prétérit qualitatif berbère et pseudo-participe égyptien”, GLECS 24-28, 1979-84,
567-568.
J.-M. Durand, “La construction du permansif”, MARI 5, 1987, 667.
A. Gai, “Predicative state and inflection of the nominal predicate in Akkadian and Syriac”, AAL 9, 1984, 72.
A. Haldar, “The Akkadian verbal system I. The paris form”, Or 32, 1963, 246-279.
J. Huehnergard, “Stative', predicative form, pseudo-verb”, JES 46, 1987, 215-232.
G.Ch. Kaplan, “U potreblenie prezensa preterita i perfekta v sredneassirijskich zakonach”, DV 4, 1983, 123-147
[The use of present, preterit amd perfect in MiddleAssyrian laws]
G.Ch. Kaplan, “U potreblenie stativa v akkadskom jazyke: na materiale sredneassirijskogo dialekta”, VDI 1985,
51-57 [On the use of the stative in the Akkadian language: in MIddleAssyrian dialectal materials]
G.Ch. Kaplan: “U potreblenie perfekta v akkadskom jazyke” (On the use of the perfect in Accadian), VDI 1995,
136-146.
B. Kienast, “Der sogenannte ‘Stativ’ des Akkadischen”, ZDMG Suppl. IV 1980, pp. 84-86.
F.R. Kraus, ominalsätze in altbabylonischen Briefen und der Stativ (MKAR, N.R. 47/2), Amsterdam 1984.
S. Loesov, “Gone with the Wind?”, in Fs. Diakonoff 2005, pp. 719-723.
M.B. Rowton, “The Use of Permansive in Classic Babylonian”, JES 21, 1962, 233-303.
D. Testen, “Conjugating the ‘Prefixed Stative’ Verbs of Akkadian”, JES 59, 200, 81-92.

2.6.4.3.2 Prefixed Conjugation

D.O. Edzard, “Die 3. Person m. Pl. tiprusū im Altakkadischen von Mari”, in Mél. Birot, pp. 85-86.
S. Gevirtz, “Evidence of conjugational variation in the parallelization of selfsame verbs in the Amarna letters”,
JES 32, 1973, 99-104.
A. Haldar, “The Akkadian Verbal System II. The iprus : iparras forms”, Or 33, 1964, 15-48.
E.E. Knudsen, “Innovation in the Akkadian present”, OS 33-35, 1984-86, 231-239.
S. Loesov, “T-Perfect in Old Babylonian: The Debate and the Thesis”, BiBa 1, 2004, 83-181.
A.F. Rainey, “Morphology and the prefix-tenses of West Semitized el-Amarna tablets”, UF 7, 1975, 395-426.
W. von Soden, “Das akkadische t-Perfekt in Haupt- und Nebensätzen und sumerischen Verbalformen mit den
Präfixen ba-, imma- und u-”, in Fs. Landsberger, pp. 103-110.

2.6.4.3.3 Imperatif

R. Stola, “Zu den sum. Entsprechungen des akkadischen Imperativs in späten zweisprachigen Texten”, AfO 28,
1981-1982, 79-91.

2.6.4.3.4 Participle

22
2.6.4.3.5 Infinitif

J. Aro, Die akkadischen Infinitivkonstruktionen (SO 26), Helsinki 1961 [rev.: RA 56, 1962, 45-46 (É. Dhorme);
OLZ 58, 1963, 350-353 (E.E. Knudsen); BiOr 22, 1965, 173-174 (R. Frankena).
E.Cohen, “Paronomastic: Infinitive in Old Babylonian”, JOL 38, 2004, 105-112.
K. Deller, “Zur Syntax des Infinitivs im Neuassyrischen”, Or 31, 1962, 225-235.
W.L. Moran, “The Use of the Canaanite Infinitive Absolute as a Finite Verb in the Amarna Letters from Byblos”,
JCS 4, 1950, 169-172.

2.6.4.4 Verbal modes and voices

E. Cohen, The Modal System of Old Babylonian, Winona Lake IN 2004 [rev.: JES 68. 2009, 38-40 (R.
Hasselbach)].
D.O. Edzard, “Die Modi beim älteren akkadischen Verbum”, Or 42, 1973, 121-141.
W. Eilers, “Der sogenannte Subjuntiv des Akkadischen”, in Studies Brandstein, pp. 241-246.
A. Goetze, “The Akkadian Passive”, JCS 1 (1947) 50-59.
Sh. Izre’el, “On the use of the so-called ventitive morpheme in the Akkadian texts of Amurru”, UF 16, 1984, 83-
92.
J. Karfik, “On the interpretation of the Akkadian subjunctive”, in ThPrAA, pp. 216-222.
B. Kienast, “Das Punktualthema *yaprus und seine Modi”, Or 29, 1960, 151-167.
F. Malbran-Labat, “L’expression du passif en akkadien”, Actances 4, 1989, 33-55.
Fl. Malbran-Labat, “Le ‘passif’ en akkadien”, en Fs. Leslau 1991 II, pp. 977-990.
W.R. Mayer, “Das ‘gnomische Präteritum’ im literalischen Akkadisch”, Or 61, 1992, 373-399.
F. Rundgren, “Intensiv und Aspektkorrelation”, in Studien zur äthiopischen und akkadischen Verbalstammbildung
(UUA 1959 5), Uppsala 1959.
W. Skalmowski, “Elam. and Akk. transl. of the O. Pers. periphrastic perfect”, FO 17, 1976, 217-229.
V.A. Tchapygina, “Observations on the Use of the Subjunctive in the Inscribed Liver Models from Mari”, BiBa 1,
2004, 355-360.
D Testen, “West Semitic Perspective on the Akkadian Vetitive”, in Fs. Gragg, pp. 201-213.
W. von Soden, “Der akkadischen Subordinativ-Subjunktiv”, ZA 63, 1973, 56-58.
T. Zadok, “The Subjunctive Morphemes Following the Subordinating Particles inūma/inu/in∞ma when Introducing
Temporal Clauses in Old Babylonian Royal Inscriptions”, AIO 56, 1996, 145-158.
T. Zewi, A syntactical study of verbal forms affixed by -n(n) endings in classical Arabic, Biblical Hebrew, EI-
Amarna Akkadian and Ugaritic, Münster 1999.

2.6.4.5 Aspect/Time

G.H. Kaplan, Use of aspect-tense verbal forms in Akkadian texts of Hammurapi period (1702-1750 B.C.)
(LINCOM Studies in Afro-Asiatic Linguitics, 09); München 2002 [rev.: Language 80, 2004, 625-626 (M.
Widel)].
F. Rundgren, “Intensiv und Aspektkorrelation”, in Studien zur äthiopischen und akkadischen Verbalstammbildung
(UUA 1959 5), Uppsala 1959.
S.H. Siedl, Gedanken zum Tempussystem im Hebräischen und Akkadischen, Wiesbaden 1971.

2.6.4.6 Derived conjugations

23
2.6.4.6.0 General

D.O. Edzard, “Die Stämme des altbabylonischen Verbums in ihrem Oppositionssystem”, in Fs. Landsberger, pp.
11-120.

2.6.4.6.1 Intensive (II/D-R)

B. Groneberg, “Reduplications of consonats and ‘R’-stems”, RA 83, 1989, 27-34.

B. Kienast, “Verbalformen mit Reduplikation im Akkadischen”, Or 26, 1967, 44-50.
R.M. Whiting, “The R-Stem(s) in Akkadian”, Or 50 (1981) 1-39.

2.6.4.6.2 Causative (IV/C)

A. Goetze, “The ‘Causative’ of the Akkadian Verb”, Or 22, 1953, 428.

2.6.4.6.3 Reflexive (V-VI, VIII/tD, Gt, N)

H. Hirsch, “Zur Frage der t-Formen in den keilschriftlichen Gesetzestexten”, in Fs. Von Soden 1969, pp. 119-131.
H. Hirsch, “Eine höchst interessante Erscheinung der akkadischen Grammatik: Die Verbalstämmen mit ta-Infix”,
AfO 50, 2003, 2003/2004, 81-94.
B. Kienast, “Weiteres zum r-Stamm des Akkadischen”, JCS 15, 1961, 59-61.
N.J.C. Kouwenberg, “Reflection on th Gt-Stem in Akkadian”, ZA 95, 2005, 77-103.
N.J.C. Kouwenberg, “Assyrian light on the history of the N-stem”, in Fs. Larsen, pp. 333-352.
S. Loesov, “T-Perfect in Old Babylonian: The Debate and the Thesis”, BiBa 1, 2004, 83-181.
S. Loesov, “Additions and Corrections to ‘T-Perfect in Old Babylonian’”, in Fs. Diakonoff 2005, 713-717.
J.F. Maloney, The t-perfect in the Akkadian of Old-Babylonian letters, with a supplement on verbal usage in the
code of Hammurapi and teh laws of Eshnunna, Harvard Univ. Diss. 1982.
R.C. Steiner, “Die sog. Tan-Stamme des akkadischen Verbums und ihre semitischen Grundlagen”, ZDMG 131,
1981, 9-27.
F.X. Steinmetzer, “Zur den T-Formen des akkadischen Zeitwortes”, AROR 15, 1944, 65-68.
M.P. Streck, “Funktionsanalyse des akkadischen Št2-Stams”, ZA 84 (1994) 161-197.
M.P. Streck, Die akkadischen Verbalstämme mit ta-Infix (AOAT 303), Münster 2003 [rev.: UF 34, 2002, 986-988
(M. Dietrich)].
R.M. Voigt, “Die tan-Stämme und das System der Verbalformen im Akkadischen”, ZDMG 137, 1987, 246-265.
W. Von Soden, “Verbalformen mit doppeltem t-Infix im Akkadischen”, Or 19, 1950, 385-296.
R.M. Whiting, “A Drt form of pa≠¿ru”, RA 81, 1987, 185.
W. von Soden, “Zum akkadischen Wörterbuch”, Or 20, 1951, 151-166, 257-269 [41. Zu einigen vierradikaligen
Verben. 50. Ingressiv-durative -Stämme von Verben mediae geminatae].

2.6.5 umerals

R. Borger, „Konkordanz der traditionelle Zeichennummern und der Nummern des Mesopotamischen
Zeichenlexicons (MesZL)“, UF 35, 2003, 57-102.
J. Lewy, “Apropos of the Akkadian Numerals iš-ti-a-na and iš-tí-na”, AROR 17, 1949, 110-123.
M.A. Powell, “Notes on Akkadian numbers and number syntax”, JSS 24, 1979, 13-18.

24
M.A. Powell, “The adverbial suffix -¿ and the morphology of the multiples of ten in Akkadian”, ZA 72, 1982, 89-
105.
M.P. Streck, Zahl und Zeit. Grammatil der umerals und des Verbalsystems im Spätbabylonischen [revision of
Diss 1992, Univ. Ludwig-Maximilian] (Cuneiform Monographs 4), Groningen 1995.
M.P. Streck, “Die Kardinazahl ‘sechs‘ im Altbabylonischen un der analogische Ausgleich der Kardinalsahlen
‘sechs’-‘acht’”, AoF 35, 2008, 246-253.
W. von Soden, “Zu den semitischen und akkadischen Kardinalzahlen und ihrer Konstruktion”, ZA 73/1, 1983,
82-91.

2.6.6 Functors

2.6.6.0 General

A. Gai, “Prepositions-conjunctions in Akkadian and Gecez”, WO 16, 1985, 123-125.

1.6.6.1 Deictic and emphatic

E. Cohen, “The Old Babylonian Paronomastic in –am”, JAOS 126, 2006, 425-423.
F. Karahashi, “Sumerian Enclitic -am and Akkadian Enclitic -ma: From Copula to Focus Marker”, in RAI LI, pp.
85-91.
A.F. Rainey, “Some presentation particles in the Amarna letters from Canaan”, UF 20, 1988, 209-220.
A.L. Oppenheim, “Deictic -ka, -kunu in Neo-Babylonian”, JCS 1, 1947, 120-121.

2.6.6.2 ominal/adverbial (prepositions, primary adverb)

A.B. Dolgopolsky, “On the origin of the Hebrew nota accusativi ’e¨ - ’e¨ and the t-accusative in Akkadian, Agaw
and Saho”, in A9GSCSI, pp. 43-46.
G.F. del Monte, “Considerazioni sull'uso delle negazioni nell'accadico dei testi storici di H,.attuša”, OA 21, 1982,
143-158.
W. Farber, “Altbabylonische Adverbialendungen auf -¿ni”, in Fs. Kraus, pp. 37-47.
A. Finet, “Le valeur adverbiale du superlatif ma≠rūm-ma dans la syntaxe de Mari”, RA 59, 1965, 73-76.
O.D. Gensler, “Mari Akkadian IŠ “to, for” and Preposition-Hopping in the light of comparative Semitic Syntax”,
Or 66, 1997, 129-156.
B. Groneberg, “Terminativ- und Lokativadverbialis in altbabylonischen literarischen Texten”, AfO 26, 1978-79,
15-29.
M. Krebernik, “Lexikalisches aus Tuttul”, in Fs. Fronzaroli, pp. 301-319 [1. Die Preposition -iš].
H. Limet, “Les particules du discours dans les textes de la région du Moyen-Euphrate IIe millénaire”, in Fs.
Fronzaroli, pp. 320-335 [1. Dans les ‘testaments’. 2. Akanna. 3. Mâ. 4. Anumma. 5. Inanna. 6. -mi. 7. -ma. u.
9. Leur emploi].
W.R. Mayer, “Zum Pseudo-Lokativadverbialis im Jungbabylonischen, Or 65, 1966, 428-434.
A.L. Oppenheim, “The Neo-Babylonian Preposition la'“, JES 1, 1942, 369-272.
A.F. Rainey, “Genitive ana in the Amarna letters from Cannan”, in Fs. Artzi, pp. 171-176.
A. Sima, “Etymologisches zu akkadisch adi ‘bis, bis zu’ (Präp. loci et temporis) ”, AfO 46, 1999/-
2000, 213-215.
E.A. Speiser, “The Terminative-adverbial in Canaanite-Ugaritic and Akkadian”, IEJ 4, 1954, 108-115.
25
M. Stoz, “Suffixe bei Zeitangaben im Akkadischen”, WZKM 86, 1996, 413-424.
D. Testen, “Cognates to the Akkadian preposition ana in Ethiopia and South Arabia”, 488-2003/241-255.
A.M. Ulshöfer, “Synonyme und differenzierte Verwendung der relationalen Partikel. i§§ēr ‘auf dem Rücken von’,
illibi ‘im Herzen von’, išti/KI ‘bei’ und des Null-Ralators in altassyrischen Privaturkinden”, in Fs. Kienast, pp.
659-691.

2.6.6.3 Syntactic (conjuctions)

M.M. Bravman, “The West-Semitic Conditional Conjunction 'im, 'in and Some Related Particles of Arabic and
Akkadian”, Muséon 83, 1970, 241-248.
A. Haldar, “On the Problem of Akkadian šumma”, JCS 4, 1950, 63-64.
F. Karahashi, “Sumero-Akkadian Language Contact: A Case of Co-ordinating Conjunctions in OB Inscriptions”,
in Fs. Sanmartín, pp. 259-267.
B. Kienast, “Satzeinleitendes m¿ im älteren Akkadischen”, ZA 20/54, 1961, 90-99.
M.K. Krikorian, “A Further Argument about annakum”, AcOr 25, 1960, 171-172
W.L. Moran, “Amarna šumma in main Clauses”, JCS 7, 1953, 78-80.
A.F. Rainey, “Enclitic -ma and the logical predicate in Old Babylonian”, IOS 6, 1976, 51-58.
J. Schoneveld, “Akkadian šumma”, BiOr 8, 1951, 112.
K.E. Slanski, “A Note on the Coordinating Particle -ma in the Old Akkadian Letter Greeting Formula”,
in IOS XVIII, pp. 9-17.
E. von Schuler, “Zur Partikel -maku in barbarisiertem Akkadisch”, ZA 19 1959, 185-92.
R. Voigt, “Akkadisch šumma 'wenn' und die Konditionalpartikeln des Westsemitischen”, in Fs. Von Soden 1995,
pp. 517ss.
T. Zadok, “The Subjunctive Morphemes Following the Subordinating Particles in´m∞/inu/in´ma when Introducing
Temporal Clauses in Old Babylonian Royal Inscriptions”, AIO 56, 1996, 145-158.
T. Zadok, “The Use of the Subordinating Particles in´m∞-in´ma ‘When’ in Old Babylonian Royal Inscriptions”, in
IOS XVIII, pp. 19-32.

2.7 SYTAX:

2.7.0 General

E. Cohen, “Syntactic Marginalia in Old babylonian”, JAOS 126, 2006, 551-565 [rev-art.: K.R. Veenhof,
Altbabylonische Briefe, vol. 14, Leiden 2005]
G. Deutscher, Syntactic Change in Akkadian. The Evolution of Sentential Complementation, Oxford/New York
2000 [rev.: FO 39,2003,211-213 (An. Zaborski)].
G. Deutscher, “Stability against the odds?: the survival of verb final order in Akkadian”, in S. Sornicola, E. Pope,
A. Shisha-Helvy, eds., Stability: variation and change of word-order patterns over time (CILTh 213),
Amsterdam 2000, pp. 55-69.
J. Duchesne-Guillemin, “Un trait de syntaxe akkadienne et son origine hittite”, Sprache 10, 1964, 34-41.
A. Finet, “Sur trois points de syntaxe de la langue des Archives de Mari’”, RA 46, 1952, 19-24.
T.J. Finley, Word order in the clause structure of Syrian Akkadian, Los Angeles CA 1979.
A. Gianto, Word order variation in the Akkadian of Byblos (Studia Pohl 15), Roma 1990 [rev.: Or 61, 1992, 148-
151 (Sh. Izre’el)].
J.L. Hayes, Dialectal variation in the syntax of coorditation and subordination in Western Akkadian of the El-
Amarna period, Univ. of California Diss. 1984.
26
J.C. Johnson, “Internally-Headed Relative Clauses in Akkadian: Identifying Weak Quantification in the Construct
State”, JCS 57, 2005, 85-98.
Kr. Kleber, “Zēria, šatammu von Esagila und die Entstehungszeit des ‘Strophengedichts’”, ABU 2007, n. 52.
R. Labat, “Élamismes dans la syntaxe babylonienne de textes susiens bilingues”, LA 258, 1970, 237-241.
S. Loesov, “Akkadian Sentences about the Present Time. Part One”, in Fs. Diakonoff 2005, pp. 101-148.
W.R. Mayer, “Das akkadische Präsens zum Ausdruck der Nachzeitigkeit in der Vergangenheit”, Orientalia 76,
2007, 117-144.

2.7.1 ominal phrase

A. Aro, Die akkadischen Infinitivkonstruktionen (SO 26), Helsinki 1961 [rev.: BiOr 22, 1965, 173-174 (R.
Frankena); OLZ 58, 1963, 350-353 (E.E.. Knudsen)].
K. Deller, “Zur Syntax des Infinitivs im Neuassyrischen”, Or 31, 1962, 225-235.
F.R. Kraus, ominalsätze in altbabylonischen Briefen und der Stativ (MKAR, N.R. 47/2), Amsterdam 1984.
J. Nougayrol, “La phrase dite nominale en accadien”, GLECS 5, 1948-49, 22-24.
J.P. van Westhuizen, “Verbless sentences in the Amqi Amarna lettes”, JS/TS 4, 1992, 117-129.

2.7.2 Independent/Principal/Coordinate Verbal phrase

H. Hirsch, “Eine Bemerkung zur Syntax des Akkadischen: Über das Alter der indirekten Fragesätze”, AROR 48,
1980, 60-62.
C. Janssen, “Het gebruik van het herhaald meewerkend voorwerp in oudbabylonische brieven”, Akkadica 46,
1986, 45-59.
F.R. Kraus, Sonderformen akkadischer Parataxe: die Koppelungen (MKNA 51,1), Amsterdam 1987 [rev.: ZA 81,
1991, 150-151 (W. Sommerfeld)].
F.R. Kraus, “Koppelungen in einer Gruppe von Briefen nach Mari”, in Fs. Finet, pp. 83-88.
M. Liverani, “Un tipo di espressione indefinita in accadico e in ugaritico”, RSO 39, 1964, 199-202.
W.R. Mayer, “Die Verwendung der Negation in Akkadischen zur Bildung von Indefinit- bzw.
Totalitätsausdrücken”, Or 58, 1989, 145-170.
R.D. Patterson, Old Babylonian parataxis as exhibited in the Royal Letters of the Middle Old Babylonian period
and the Code of ïammurapi, Los Angeles 1970.

2.7.3 Relative clause

G. Deutscher, “The rise and fallof a rogue relative construction”, SLang 25, 2001, 405-422.
H. Fleisch, “Phrase relative en accadien”, MUSJ 42/6, 1966, xxx-xxx [rev.: ZA 60, 1970, 168-170 (H. Hunger].
A. Gai, “The relationship between the relative clauses of Akkadian and Old Akkadian”, RA 96, 2002, 103-108.
O.E. Ravn, “On the So-Called Relative Clauses in Accadian”, in XIX Congresso Internazionale. degli Orientalisti,
Roma 1938, pp. 87-91.
O.E. Ravn, The so-called relative clauses in Accadian or the Accadian particle ša, Copenhage 1941 [rev.: AL 2,
1941, 184 (Brøndal); Le Muséon 55, 1942, 178 (Rijckmans); RSO 20, 1942, 312-314 (G. Furlani); JCS 1,
1947, 73-80 (Goetze); IF 59, 1944, 104-106 (Rosenkranz); OLZ 45, 1942, 362-364 (Ungnad)].
E. Reiner, “Un aspect de la proposition relative accadienne”, RA 45, 1951, 25-29.

27
2.7.4 Different subordinate/composite verbal clauses

J. Hackl, Der subordinierte Satz in den spätbabylonischen Briefen (AOAT 341), Münster 2007.
J. Hackl, “Irreale Sätze in den spB Briefen”, WZKM 98, 2008, 81-94.
F. Malbran-Labat, “L’expression du serment en akkadien”, GLECS 24-28/2, 1979-84, 233-238.
A. Marzal, “Mari clauses im casuistic' and apodictic' styles (Part I; II)”, CBQ 33, 1971, 333-364, 492-509.
W. Mayer, W., Untersuchungen zur Formensprache der babylonischen Gebetsbeschwörungen', Rome 1976
[rev.: JES 39, 1980, 237-240 (B. Groneberg); Biblica 61, 1980, 121-123 (H.-W. Jüngling); OLZ 85, 1990,
38-40 (D.O. Edzard)].
A.F. Rainey, “Inūma clauses in the Amarna letters from Canaan”, IOS 12, 1992, 177-191.
M.B. Rowton, “$uppu and the Date of Hammurabi”, JES 10, 1951, 184-204 [1. The Ãuppu-phrase. 2. The
etymology of Ãuppu. 3. Ãuppu in the king-lists].
R.C. Steiner, “Umstanssatze im Akkadischen”, ZDMG Suppl 6, 1985, 86-102.
R. Stola, “Zur Subjunktion kīma im Altbabylonischen und Altassyrischen”, WZKM 63-64, 104.
C. Wilcke, “Zur Deutung der si.bi-Klausel in den spätaltbabylonischen Kaufverträgen aus Nordbabylonien”, WO
9, 1978, 206-212.
T. Zadok, “The Subjunctive Morphemes Following the Subordinating Particles in´m∞/inu/in´ma when Introducing
Temporal Clauses in Old Babylonian Royal Inscriptions”, AIO 56, 1996, 145-158.

2.8 PROSODY

A.D. Kilmer, “Visualizing text: schematic patterns in Akkadian Poetry”, in Fs. Leichty, pp. 209-221.
P. Michalowski, “Ancient poetics”, in MPL, pp. 141-153 [evidence from Sumerian and Akkadian]
J.P. van der Westhuizen, “Word order variation in the letters of Mayarzana of ïasi”, AoF 23/1, 1996, 111-
131.
J.F.J. van Rensberg, The line-forms in a Babylonian poem, Univ. of Pretoria Diss. 1983.
J.F.J. van Rendsburg, “Characterizing a poetic line in Young Babylonian: a metrical and grammatical approach”,
JS/TS 2, 1990, 90-99.
J.P. van der Westhuizen, “Assonante in Biblical and Babylonian hymns of praise”, Semitics 7, 1980, 81-101.
M.E. Vogelzang, “Repetition as a poetic device in Akkadian”, in MPL, pp. 167-182.
W. von Soden, “Untersuchungen zur babylonischen Metrik, Teil I”, ZA 71, 1981, 161-204.
W. von Soden, “Untersuchungen zur babylonischen Metrik, Teil II”, ZA 74, 1985, 213-234.
W. von Soden, “Kleine Beiträge zu Text und Erklärung babylonischer epen”, ZA 58, 1967, 189-195.
W.G.E. Watson, “Number parallelism in Mesopotamian texts”, Maarav 7, 1991, 241-252.
J.G. Westenholz, “Studing Poetic Langauge”, Or 66 (1977) 181-195.
J.G. Westenholz, “Symbolic language in Akkadian narrative poetry: the metaphorical relationship between poetical
images and the real world” – [349]. 183-206,[1996]

2.9 STYLISTICS

2.9.1 Stylistic divices

M. Anbar, “Formule d’introduction du discours direct au milieu du discours à Mari et dans la Bible”, VT 47,
1997, 530-536.
J.S. Cooper, “Symmetryc and repetition in Akkadian narrative”, JARORS 97, 1977, 508-512.
P. Gerardi, “Thus, he spoke: direct speech in Esarhaddon's royal inscriptions”, ZA 79, 1989, 245-260.
28
A.D. Kilmer, “A note on an overlooked word-play in the Akkadian Gilgamesh”, in Fs. Kraus, pp. 128-132
[ha§§innu:assinu, ki§ru:kezru, pukku:mekku].
R.S. Hess, “Rhetorical forms in EA 162”, UF 22, 1990, 137-148.
W.G. Lambert, “Literary style in first millennium Mesopotamia”, JARORS 88, 1968, 123-132.
D. Marcus, “Animal similes in Assyrian royal inscriptions”, Or 46, 1977, 86-106.
D. Marcus, “Some antiphrastic euphemisms for blind person in akkadian and other semitic languages”, JARORS
100, 1980, 307-310.
J. Nougayrol, “La langue des haruspices babyloniens à propos d'un foie d'argile inédit”, CRAI 1966, 193-202.
N. Nováková, W. Soucek, Úvod do klínového písma a babylónštiny (1-)2 [Introduction to the cuneiform and tho
the Babylonian], Praha 1980/1984 [rev.: ovv Orient (Praha) 36, 1981, 127-128 (Hruška)]..
P. Nowicki, Pismo klinowe. Jezyk akkadycki. Zagadnienia podstawowe, Warszawa 1964.
D. Pardee, R.M. Whiting, “Aspects of epistolary verbal usage in Ugaritic and Akkadian”, BSOAS 51, 1987, 1-31.
A.F. Rainey, “Topic and comment in Byblos Akkadian”, BiOr 49, 1992, 329-357.
J. Renger, “’‚Versstrukturen’ als Stilmittel in den Inschriften Sargons II von Assyrien”, in Fs. Moran 1990, pp.
425-437.
Cl. Saporetti, “Paronomàsia nell’oniromanzia assira, ETO 18, 1995, 183-191.
G. Sauer, “Amos 7,10-17 und mesopotamischer Briefstil”, in P5IHSC, pp. 303-313.
R.F. Smith, “Chiasm in Sumero-Akkadian”, in J.W. Welch, ed., Chiasmus in antiquity: structures, analysis,
exegesis, Gerstenberg 1981, pp. 17-35.
M.P. Streck, Die Bilderspreche der akkadischen Epik (ARORAT 264), Münster 1999.
H. Vanstiphout, “Aantal, getal en reeks als stijlmiddelen in de Mesopotamische letterkunde”, Akkadica 36, 1984,
1-17.
M.E. Vogelzang, “Patterns introducing direct speech in Akkadian literary texts”, JCS 42,1990,50-70.
N. Wasserman, Style andform in Old-Babylonian literary texts, Leiden 2003.

2.9.2 Formulae

S. Dalley, “Old Babylonian greetings formulae and the Iltani archive from Rimah”, JCS 25, 1973, 79-88.
K. Deller, “Zum ana balt,.-Formular einiger assyrischer Votivinschriften”, OA 22, 1983, 13-24.
D.O. Edzard, “Die buk¿num-Formel der altbabylonischen Kaufverträge und ihre sumerische Entsprechung”, ZA
60, 1970, 8-53.
D.O. Edzard, “Altassyrisch nis≠¿ssu DIRI šaddu’assu šabbu’”, Or 52, 1983, 43-47.
W. Farber, “ina KUŠ.DÙ.DÙ(.BI) = ina maški tašappi”, ZA 63, 1973, 59-68.
W. Farber, “Sag≠ul≠aza muk∞l r·š lemutti”, ZA 64, 1975, 87-95.
J.J. Finkelstein, “Ana b∞t emim šasū”, RA 61, 1967, 127-136.
J.C. Greenfield, “ana urdūti kab¿su = kbš lcbd”, SO 55/11, 1984, 257-263.
H. Hirsch, “Über der Briefbeginn in der Korrespondenz der altassyrischen Kaufleute“, in Fs. Hofner, pp. 79-93.
C. Janssen, An¿ku annikiam šumru§¿ku”, Akkadica 52, 1987, 35-46.
C.J. Labuschagne, “The našû-nadânu formula and its Biblical equivalent”, in Fs. Beer, pp. 176-180.
C.D. Meltzer, Concluding formulae in ancient Mesopotamian royal inscriptions: the Assyrian sources”, Univ. of
Toronto Diss. 1984.
P. Negri Scafa, “The Scribes of Nuzi: Date Formulae and Their Use in the Nuzi Corpus”, in RAI LI, pp. xx-xx.
S.M. Paul, “Unrecognized biblical legal idioms in the light of comparative Akkadian expressions”, RB 86,
1979, 231-239.
S.(M.) Paul, “Dan 6, 8: An Aramaic Reflex of Assyrian Legal Terminology”, Bib 65, 1984, 106-110.
29
E. Pritsch, “Zur juristischen Bedeutung der šubanti-Formel”, Fs. ötscher, pp. 172-187 (1950).
J. Renger, $·mam p¿nam šuršûm und verwandte Ausdrücke”, JES 27, 1968, 136-140.
J.J. Rabinowitz, “A Legal Formula in the Susa Tablets, in an Egyptian Document of the Twelfth Dynasty, in the
Aramaic Papyry, and in the Book odf Daniel”, Bib 36, 1956, 74-77.
G. Ries, Die neubabylonischen Bodenpachtformulare, Berlin 1976 (rev.: ZA 66, 1976, 295-296 (W. von Soden);
BiOr 35, 1978, 230-233 (N.W. Stolper)].
E. Salonen, “Zur Bedeutung der Phrase buk¿nam š´tuqu”, AfO 22, 1968-69, 8.
C. Saporetti, “Sulla frase še´um ina sūti ša bēt ≠iburni ša ekalli”, Or 39, 1970, 500-503.
É. Szlechter, “Essai d'explication des clauses: muttatam gullubu, abbuttam šakânu et abuttam gullubu”, in Fs.
Hrozný, II), pp. 391-418.
J.P. van der Westhuizen, “A comparative study of related laws in Babylonian and Biblical legal texts (verbal
connotations)”, Semitics 10, 1989, 40-70.

2.10 LEXEMATICS (Root structure)

2.10.0 General

Ph. Ségéral, “Théorie de l'apophonie et organisation des schémes en sémitique”, in RAAG, pp. 263-299 (with
evidence from Akkadian and Gecez).

2.10.1 Biliteralism-Triliteralism

2.11 LEXICOGRAPHY

2.11.1 Comparative Level

[A reminder:
P. Leander, Über die sumerische Lehnwörter im Assyrischen, Uppsala 1903.
H. Zimmern, Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss, Leipzig 1917].

R. Borger, “Das Ende des ägyptischen Feldherrn Sib´e = sw'“, JES 19, 1960, 49-53.
Z. Cherry, „Aramaic loanwrods in Neo-Assyrian: rejecting some proposals“, in Fs. Parpola, pp. 19-25 (akku,
barbānu, egirtu, ḫašābu, lapān(i), magattu, palû, qadduru, *suānu, šapānu).
G. Dossin, “De quelques ‘sens contraires’ en sumérien et en accadien”, BAB 59, 1973, 353-366.
E. Edel, “Ägyptische Glossen in den Geschenklisten des Amarnabriefes Nr. 14”, SAK 16, 1989, 27-33.
C. Eyre, “An Egyptianism in the Amarna Letters?”, JEA 62, 1976, 183-184.
W. Eilers, Iranische Beamtennamen in der keilschriftlichen Überlieferung, Leipzig 1940.
F.M. Fales, “Assyro-Aramaic: three notes”, Or 53, 1984, 66-71.
P. Fronzaroli, “Rapporti lessicali dell’ittito con le lingue semitiche”, AGI 41, 1956, 32-45.
E. Gaál, “m¿tu ša im·r∞šu as a translation from Hurrian”, RHA 36, 1978, 43-48.
I.J. Gelb, “Sumerian and Akkadian words for ‘string of fruit’”, in Fs. Kraus, pp. 6782.
C.H. Gordon, “Marginal Notes on the Ancient Middle East”, JbKAF 2/1, 1951, 50-61 [VI. Babyloniaca].
C. Grave, “On the use of an Egyptian idiom in an Amarna letter from Tyre and in a hymn to the Aten”, OA 19,
1980, 205-218.
J.A.C. Greppin, “The survival of ancient Anatolian and Mesopotamian vocabulary until the present”, JES 50,
1991, 203-207.

30
K. Hecker, “tib´imma atalkim: Assyrerinnen im k¿rumzeitlichen Anatolien”, Or 47, 1978, 404-418.
J. Huehnergard, “Further South Semitic cognates to the Akkadian lexikon”, in Fs Leslau 1991, I, pp. I 690-713.
C. Kühne, “Mit Glossenkeilen markierte fremde Wörter in akkadischen Ugarittexten”, UF 6, 1974, 157-167.
C. Kühne, “Mit Glossenkeilen markierte fremde Wörter in akkadischen Ugarittexten II”, UF 7, 1975, 253-260.
E.R. Lacheman, “Nuzi miscellania”, in Fs. Kramer (268). [1. The -t- infix of the verb. 2. The wotrd paraššannu]
R. Lafitte, “Du babylonien zibānītu(m) à l’arabe al-zubānā par le mandéen zabānītā?, Semitica 50, 2000, 193-197.
Th.O. Lambdin, “Another Cuneiform Transcription of Egyptian msú ‘crocodile’”, JES 12, 1953, 362-369.
B. Landsberger, “Akkadisch-hebräische Wortgleichungen”, in Hebr. Wortforschung (224), pp. 176-204 [1. s¿≠iru
= sµú·r, ‘Kaufmann’, s¿≠irtu = seúµr¿, ‘Ware’. 2. elmešu = úašmal, ‘Bernstein’. 3. ša ·kalli = š·g¿l,
‘Königin’.4. la≠innatu = Bib. Aram. leúen(t)¿, ‘Verwalterin der Hofhaltung’].
W. Leslau, “Vocabulary common to Akkadian and South-East Semitic (Ethiopic and South-Arabic)”, JARORS 64,
1944, 53-58.
W. Leslau, “Southeast Semitic cognates to the Akkadian vocabulary, I.”, JARORS 82, 1962, 1-4.
W. Leslau, “Southeast Semitic cognates to the Akkadian vocabulary, II.”, JARORS 84, 1964, 115-118.
W. Leslau, “Southeast Semitic cognates to the Akkadian vocabulary. III.”, JARORS 89, 1969, 18-22.
S.J. Lieberman, The Sumerian loanwords in Old-Babylonian Akkadian. Vol. I. Prologomena and evidence. (HSS
22), Missoula 1977.
S.M. Maul, “Neues zu den ‘Graeco-Babyloniaca’”, ZA 81, 1991, 87-107.
M.L. Mayer Modena, “Una antichissima isoglossa indomediterranea. A proposito del sanscrito rása- e
dell’accadico rusū-”, Acme 36, 1983, 13-19.
W. Mayer, “Beiträge zum hurro-akkadischen Lexikon, I”, UF 8, 1976, 209-214.
W. Mayer, “Beiträge zum ≠urro-akk. Lexikon II”, in Fs. Lacheman, pp. 247-255 [The –t≠u morpheme].
M. Mayrhofer, “Ein arisch-≠urritischer Rechtsausdruck in Alala≠?”, Or 34, 1965, 336-337.
Meltzer, E.S., “ìR, Ï3, GR: the intertwining of some roots n Egiptian & Semitic”, 1991
M.A. Merlis, Akkadian and Ugaritic lexicography: a comparative inquiry”, Yeshiva Unv. Diss. 1983 [≠swn, Ãcn,
Ärqm, úpšt, úr§, ≠r].
P. Michalovski, “The sumerian verb LUG in Old Babylonian literary texts”, SEL 1, 1984, 21-22.
Y. Mufs, “Two comparative lexical studies”, JAES 1973 (1974), 287-298 [1. Aram. cl cl = Hebr. b¿' 'el ‘to
receive’. 2. Hebr. coz = Akk. ezzu ‘anger’].
A.L. Oppenheim, “Sumerian inim.gar, Akkadian egirrû & greek kledon”, AfO 17, 1954-55, 49-55.
J. Peterson, “Direct Interconnections between the Lexica1 Traditions of Kassite Babylonia and the Periphery”,
UF 38, 2006, 577-592.
K. Radner, “Assyrische tuppi adê als Vorbild für Deuteronomium 28,20-44?”, in M. Witte et al., eds, Die
deuteronomistische Geschichtswerk. Redaktions- und religionsgeschichtliche Perspektiven zur ‘Deuterono-
mismus’-Diskussion in Tora und Vorderen Propheten (BZAW 265), Berlin/New York 2006, pp. 351-378.
W. Röllig, “Akkadisch tu’um, di’um, phönizisch tw, aramäisch twn: Versuch einer Klärung”, Fs. Moscati 1996,
pp. 1203-1207.
R. Rollinger, “Assyrios, Syrios und Leukosyrios”, WO 36, 2006, 72-82.
A. Salonen, “Ein akkadiches Lehnwort im Türkischen”, in Fs. Daher, pp. 290-292 [Turk. zembil < Akk. sabbilu
‘basket’].
M. Salvini, “L’uso dell’assiro nel regno di Urarto”, VicOr 3, 1980, 169-177.
G. Steiner, “Akkadische Lexeme im Sumerischen”, in Fs. Fronzaroli, pp. 630-647.

31
E.A. Speiser, “Nuzi Marginalia”, Or 25, 1956, 1-23 [1. The Hurrian equivalent of sikiltu(m). 2. OB k/≠iššatum:
Nuzi ≠i/eššumaku. 3. The Hurrian element -maku. 4. Ceremonial payment. 5. The Terminology of the oath by
the gods].
G. Steiner, “Akkadische Lexeme im Sumerischen”, in Fs. Fronzaroli, pp. 630-647.
V.V. Struve, “Šumerijskij istocnik dlja obogašcenija našich znanij v oblasti akkadskoj leksiki” [Sumerian sources
to improve our knowledge of the Akkadian lexicon], KSIA 67, 1963, 178-189.
J. Taylor , “Lexicographical Study of the Already-Ancient in Antiquity”, in RAI LI, pp. 203-210.
W. von Soden, “Aramäische Wörter in neuassyrischen und neu- und spätbabylonischen Texten. Ein Vorbericht. I
(agâ - *mūš)”, Or 35, 1966, 1-20.
W. von Soden, “Aramäische Wörter in neuassyrischen und neu- und spätbabylonischen Texten, Ein Vorbericht II.
(n-z und Nachtäge)”, Or 37, 1968, 261-271.
W. von Soden, “Aramäische Wörter in neuassyrischen und neu- und spätbabylonischen Texten. Ein Vorbericht.
III”, Or 46, 1977, 183-197.
W. von Soden, “Äthiopisch-Akkadische Isoglossen”, P4IHSC, pp. 559-567 [1. Personal pronouns. 2. Pronominal
suffixes. 3. Prepositions. 4. Constructed state ending. 5. Absolute state. 6. *yeqattal verbal stem. 7. Verbal N-
stem class].
W. von Soden, “Zweisprachige Listen in Ebla und in der altbabylonischen Zeit”, in L. Cagni, ed., Il bilinguismo a
Ebla, Napoli 1984, pp. 309-317.
W. von Soden, “Assyriasmen im Akkadischen von Ugarit und das Problem der Verwaltungssprache im
Mitannireich”, UF 11, 1979, 745-751.
W.G.E. Watson, „Some Akkadian and Hittite equivalences“, ABU 2008/68 [Akk. nê’um, samullu(m), sācu,
taruallinnum, urû, Emar Akk.wattu, Eblaite ziru].
R. Zadok, “Three Iranian words in Late Babylonian documents”, BiOr 33, 1976, 5-6.
R. Zadok, “Three non-akkadian words in Late-Babylonian documents”, JARORS 102, 1982, 115-117 [1.
girisuakarr¿nu. 2. ma≠a§§atu. 3. uštajammu].

2.11.2 Akkadian Level

R. Borger, “Assyrische Lexikographie”, BiOr 14, 1957, 114-122.

R. Borger, Altorientalische Lexicographie: Geschichte und Probleme (NAWG 1984/2), Götingen 1984.
J. Bottéro, “La lexicographie accadienne”, in StSemLex, pp. 25-60.
V. Donbaz, K.R. Veenhof, “New evidence for some Old Assyrian terms”, Anatolica 12, 1985, 131-155.
G. Dossin, “Le vocabulaire de Nuzi SMN 2559”, RA 42, 1948, 21-34.
G.R. Driver, “Babylonian and Hebrew Notes”, WO 2, 1954, 19-26 [1. Babylonian words and phrases. 2. Three
Hebrew words. ksp, ms,.hb, bdyl].
W. Eilers, “Einige akkadischen Etymologien”, in Fs. Oberhuber, pp. 31-44.
A. Fadhil, M. Hilgert, “Zur Idetifikation des lexikalischen Kompendium 2R 50 + (K 2035a + K 4337)”, RA 101,
2007, 95-105.
I.J. Gelb, “Present State of the Akkadian Dictionary”, Or 21, 1952, 358-359.
I.J. Gelb, “Lexicography, Lexicology, and the Akkadian Dictionary”, in Miscelánea Marinet 2, pp. 63-75.
I.J. Gelb, “Reoganization of the Chicago Akkadian Dictionary”, Or 18, 1949, 376-377.
C. Johnson, “Corpus-driven Mode/s of Lexicography and Mesopotamian Cultural Heritage Preservation at the
CDLI”, in RAI LI, pp. 69-74.
W.R. Mayer, “Akkadische Lexicographie: CAD Q”, Or 72, 2003, 231-242.
J. Taylor, “Scribal Foibles: Two Points of Interest from OB Lexical Lists”, JOL 38, 2004, 63-69.
W. von Soden, “Grundsätzliches zum akkadischen Wörterbuch”, OLZ 52, 1957, 485-492.

32
W. von Soden, “Zum akkadiscehn Wörterbuch 97-104”, Or 27, 1958, 252-61.
W. von Soden, “Das Akkadische Handwörterbuch. Probleme und Schwierigkeiten”, Or 28, 1959, 26-33.
W.H. van Soldt, “The Akkadian of Ugarit: Lexicographical Aspects”, SEL 12 (1995) 205-215.

2.11.2.1 Dictionaries and Glossaries (no indexes)

[A remainder:
K. Bezold, Babylonisch-assyrischen Glossar, Heidelberg 1926.
A. Deimel, Akkadisch-sumerisches Glossar, Roma 1937.
Fr. Delitzsch, Assyrisches Handwörterbuch, Leipzig 1896 (repr. 1975)
H. Holma, Kleine Beiträge zum assyrischen Lexikon, Leipzig 1912.
B. Meissner, Beiträge zum assyrischen Wörterbuch, I-II, Chicago, IL 1931-1934.
B. Meissner, Supplement zu den assyrischen Wörterbüchern, Leiden 1898.
W. Muss-Arnold, Assyrisch-Englisch-Deutsches Handwörterbuch / A Concise Dictionary of the Assyrian
Language, 2 vol., Berlin 1894-1905].

J. Aro, Glossar zu den mittelbabylonischen Briefen (SO 22), Helsinki 1957 [rev.: Or 28, 1959, 301 (A. Pohl)].
P.-A. Beaulieu, “Akkadische Lexikographie. CAD Š2 und Š3”, Or 66 (1997) 157-180.
J. Black, An. George, N. Postgate, A concise dictionary of Akkadian (Santag: Arbeiten und Untersuchungen
zur Keilschriftkunde, 5), Wiesbaden 1999 [rev.: BiOr 57/5-6, 2000, 625-629 (M. Stol); JAOS 123, 2003,
391-394 (E. Reiner)].
K. Deller, “Zur sprachlichen Einordnung der Inschriften Aššurna§irpal II (883-859) ”, Or 26, 1957, 144-156.
K. Deller, “Assyrisches Sprachgut bei Turkulti-Ninurta II. (888-884)”, Or 26, 1957, 268-272.
K. Deller, “Indices zu CCT V”, Or 27, 1958, 184-198 [Personal names, place-names, occupation names ...].
E. Ebeling, Glossar zu den neubabylonischen Briefen (SBAW, Phil.-hist. Klasse 1953/1), München 1953 [rev.:
RSO 28, 1953, 207-208 (G. Furlani); BiOr 11, 1954, 200-205 (H. Petschow); OLZ 50, 1955, 32-36 (F.
Schmidtke); Paideia 10, 1955, 368 (G. Rinaldi); DLZ 78, 1957, 296-298 (H. Petschow)].
E. Ebelling et al., Reallexikon der Assyriologie und vorderasiatischen Archäologie, B. 1-8, Berlin 1967 – (2005)
[rev.: ZDMG 108, 1958, 395-398 (vol. 2) (E. von Schuler); DLZ 79, 1958, 600-601 (vol. 2) (H. Otten); RA 51,
1957, 210 (vol. 2) (M. Lambert); Muséon 70, 1957, 368 (vol 2) (P. Naster); AROR 26, 1958, 294-295 (vol 2)
(J. Klíma); Or 26, 1957, 349-351 (vol 2) (A. Pohl); Or 29, 1960, 111 (vol 3/2) (A. Pohl); AROR 28, 1960, 339-
340 (vol 3/2) (J. Klíma); RA 54, 1960, 98-99 (M. Lambert); AfO 19, 1959-60, 159-160 (vol 3/1-2) (J. Aro);
BiOr 18, 1961, 150-151 (vol 3/2) (R. Labat); BiOr 25, 1968, 344-346 (R. Labat); RB 75, 1968, 635 (R.
Tournay); OLZ 63, 1968, 345-350 (H. Klengel)].
I.J. Gelb, Glossary of Old Akkadian (MAD 3), Chicago, IL 1957 [rev.: BiOr 17, 1969, 42-4 (B. Kienast); Or 29,
1960, 108 (A. Pohl); ZA 20, 1961, 257-264 (D.O. Edzard)].
K. Hecker, Rückläufiges Wörterbuch des Akkadischen (SANTAG 1), Wiesbaden 1990 [rev.: ArOr 60, 1992, 303-
304 (B. Hruška); BiOr 50, 1993, 180-193 (S.J. Lieberman); JAOS 113/4, 1993, 621-624 (E. Reiner)].
J. Huehnergard, Ugaritic Vocabulary in Syllabic Transcription (HSS 32), Winona Lake IN 2008 (revised edition).
B. Kienast, Glossar zu den altakkadischen Königsinschriften (FARORS 8), Stuttgart 1994 [rev.: RO 50, 1996,
143-145 (Kr. Lyczkowska)].
A.L. Oppenheim et al., J. Gelb et al., eds., E. Riner et al., M. Roth et al., The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental
Institute of the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL/Glückstadt 1956- [rev. to the different volumes: JCS 11,
1957, 79-82 (A. Goetze); ArOr 25, 1957, 170-171 (L. Matouš); JCS 11, 1957, 79-82 (A. Goetze); Language
33, 1957, 475-479 (E.A. Speiser); BiOr 14, 1957, 114-122 (R. Borger); RB 44, 1957, 151 (R. Tournay); JSS 2,
1957, 387-388 (G.R. Driver); OLZ 52, 1957, 485-492 (W. von Soden); Or 27, 1958, 119-122 (K. Deller, A.
33
 Pohl); Or 27, 1958, 206-208 (K. Deller); ZA 53, 1959, 292-300 (D.O. Edzard); AfO 19, 1959-1960, 155-156
(E. Weidner); JSS 5, 1960, 156-158 (G.R. Driver); OLZ 55, 1960, 485-489 (W. von Soden); BiOr 18, 1961,
151-154 (R. Borger); ZA 54, 1961, 249-255 (D.O. Edzard); BiOr 19, 1962, 252-254 (R. Borger); Or 31, 1962,
451-459 (J. Bottéro); BiOr 19, 1962, 252-254 (R. Borger); OLZ 57, 1962, 483-485 (W. von Soden); JSS 7,
1962, 95-98 (G. R. Driver); RB 69, 1962, 155 (R. Tournay); Or 33, 1964, 89-96 (K. Deller); JSS 9, 1964, 346-
350 (G.R. Driver); ZA 56, 1964, 280-282 (D.O. Edzard); OLZ 59, 1964, 34-36 (W. von Soden); Or 34, 1965,
259-274 (K. Deller); RB 72, 1965, 149 (R. Tournay); BiOr 22, 1965, 164-167 (R. Borger); JSS 10, 1965, 265-
267 (G.R. Driver); OLZ, 61, 1966, 356-360 (W. von Soden); Or 35, 1966, 304-318 (K. Deller); JSS 12, 1967,
105-109 (G.R. Driver); OLZ 62, 1968, 457-459 (W. von Soden); BiOr 26, 1969, 74-75 (R. Borger); ZA 60,
1970, 157-160 (D.O. Edzard); BiOr 28, 1971, 65-67 (R. Borger); OLZ 67, 1972, 346-350 (W. von Soden); JSS
18, 1973, 269-274 (H.W.F. Saggs); Or 43, 1974, 130-133 (E. Salonen); OLZ 70, 1975, 459-462 (W. von
Soden); ZA 64, 1975, 123-126 (D.O. Edzard); Or 44, 1975, 323-324 (E. Salonen); BiOr 32, 1975, 70-72 (R.
Borger); OLZ 72, 1977, 27-30 (W. von Soden); ZA 69, 1979, 290-299 (D.O. Edzard); OLZ 76, 1981, 245-248
(W. Von Soden); BiOr 38, 1981, 626-630 (R. Borger); ZA 71, 1981, 280-288 (D.O. Edzard); ZA 73, 1983, 132-
136 (D.O. Edzard); OLZ 79, 1984, 31-34 (W. von Soden); Or 53, 1984, 72-124 (K. Deller, W.R. Mayer); ZA
75, 1985, 124-128 (D.O. Edzard); BiOr 42, 1985, 348-353 (R. Borger); JSS 30, 1985, 274-278 (W. von
Soden); OLZ 82, 1987, 45-46 (W.von Soden); Or 56, 1987, 176-218 (K. Deller et al.); OLZ 82, 1987, 456-461
(W. von Soden); Or 58, 1989, 255-282 (K. Deller et al.); AfO 36-37, 1989-1990, 92-106 (D. Charpin); OLZ 85,
1990 29-32 (W. Sommerfeld); OLZ 86, 1991, 488-492 (W. von Soden); BiOr 48, 1991, 154-157 (R. Borger);
OLZ 86, 1991, 448-492 (W. von Soden); AfO 40-41, 1993-94, 1-23 (D. Charpin); OLZ 89, 1994, 534-538 (W.
von Soden); Or 66, 1997, 157-180 (P.-A. Beaulieu, W.R. Mayer); Or 72, 2003, 231-242 (W.R. Mayer); BiOr
65, 2008, 427-447 (R. Borger); JSS 54, 2009, 580-582 (J. Taylor)].
W.R. Mayer, W. van Soldt, “Akkadische Lexikographie: CAD S”, Or 60, 1991, 109-120.
S. Parpola, Assyrian-English-Assyrian Dictionary (Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus), Helsinki 2007.
C. Peust, Akkadisches Glossar: etwa 1700 haufige Wörter des Babylonischen und Assyrischen in praktischer
Anordnung enthaltend nebst Angaben zur Etymologie. Göttingen 1999 [rev.: BiOr 57/5-6, 2000, 629-630 M.
Stol)].
E. Reiner, “Supplementary to Chicago Assyrian Dictionary T (Volume 18)”, JES 66, 2007, 47-61.
E. Salonen, Glossar zur den altbabylonischen Urkunden aus Susa (SO 36), Helsinki 1967 [rev.: WZKM 63-64,
1972, 288 (H. Hirsch); OLZ 67, 1972, 447-449 (H.M. Kümmel)].
W. von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch, unter Benutzung des lexikalischen achlasses von Bruno Meissner
bearbeitet, Wiesbaden 1965-1981 [rev. to the different Lieferungen: RA 53, 1959, 211-214 (É. Dhorme); RA
54, 1960, 159-161 (É. Dhorme); BiOr 17, 1960, 166-168 (R. Labat); Lg 36, 1960, 463-470 (A. Goetze); Or 29,
1960, 113-117 (J. Bottéro); OLZ 66, 1971, 461-468 (J. Aro); AfO 22, 1968-69, 88-89 (A. Salonen); AfO 23,
1970, 95-97 (A. Salonen); Or 39, 1970, 441-445 (E. Salonen); JSS 14, 1969, 247-251 (W.G. Lambert); Or 41,
1972, 449-450 (E. Salonen); BiOr 30, 1973, 57-58 (R. Labat); Or 43, 1974, 253-255 (E. Salonen); JSS 19,
1974, 82-87 (W.G. Lambert); Or 45, 1976, 375-376 (E. Salonen); Or 46, 1977, 14-148 (E. Salonen); JSS 24,
1979, 268-273 (W.G. Lambert); OLZ 74, 1979, 23-35 (S. Parpola); BiOr 36, 1979, 47-50 (J. Bottéro); JSS 27,
1982, 281-286 (W.G. Lambert); AfO 19, 1959-60, 159-159 (A. Salonen); JSS 5, 1960, 158-159 (C.J.M. Weir);
ArOr 9, 1961, 131-133 (L. Matouš); BiOr 18, 1961, 154-156 (R. Labat); JSS 6, 1961, 247-251 (J.M. Weir); Or
31, 1962, 451-459 (J. Bottéro); RA 56, 1962, 215-216 (É. Dhorme); JSS 9, 1964, 350-352 (C.J.M. Weir); RA
58, 1964, 41-42 (É. Dhorme); BiOr 21, 1964, 189-190 (R. Labat); Or 34, 1965, 376-379 (J. Bottéro); AfO 21,
1966, 96-98 (A. Salonen); JSS 12, 1967, 100-105 (W.G. Lambert); JES 25, 1966, 143-144 (A.L.
Oppenheim); Or 36, 1967, 461-462; 37 1968 476-480 (E. Salonen); BiOr 24, 1967, 178-180 (R. Labat)].

2.11.2.2. Semantic Fields

34
 [A reminder:
H. Holma, Die amen der Körperteile im Assyrisch-Babylonischen, Leipzig/Helsingfors 1911.
H. Lewy, “The assload, the sack, and other measures of capacity”, RSO 39, 1964, 181-197].

2.11.2.2.1. Ideological issues

P. Jensen, Die Kosmologie der Babylonier. Studien und Materialen, Strassburg 1890.
G. Pettinato, “Das altorientalische Menschenbild und die sumerischen und akkadischen Schöpfungs-
mythen”, in AHAW 1971/1, pp. 1-19.
G. Steiner, “Das bedeutunsfeld ‘Tod’ in den Sprachen des Alten Orients”, Or 51, 1982, 239-248.
W. von Soden, “Die Wörter für Leben und Tod im Akkadischen und semitischen”, AfO 19, 1982, 1-7.

2.11.2.2.2. Cult/Religion/Magic

T. Bauer, “ni§irti b¿rûti, Geheimlehre der Haruspizin”, BiOr 14, 1957, 190-195.
R.D. Biggs, “Qutnu, ma§ra≠u and related terms in Babylonian extispicy”, RA 63, 1969, 159-167.
B. Böck, “‘When You Perform the Ritual of ‘Rubbing’’: On Medicine and Magic in Ancient
Mesopotamia”, JES 62, 2003, 1-16.
B. Böck, “Hauterscheinungen in altmesopotamischer Divination und Medizin Teil 1: Das kur¿ru-Mal”,
AuOr 21, 2003, 161-184.
J.-M.Durand, “La pratique de la têbibtum dans l’hépatoscopie de babylone”, ABU 2009/09.
J.J. Glassner, “Pour un lexique des terms et figures analogiques en usage dans la divination mésopotamienne”, JA
272, 1984, 15-46.
A. Haldar, The otion of the Desert in Sumero-Accadian and West-Semitic Religions (Uppsala Univ. Årsskrift
1950, 3), Uppsala 1950 [rev.: JRAS 1951, 205 (C.J.M. Weir); RA 45, 1951, 155 (G. Contenau); Syria 28, 1951,
125-126 (A. Parrot); JBL 20, 1951, 340-341. (J. Muilenberg); OLZ 49, 1954, 36-39 (W. von Soden)].
J.N. Lawson, The Concept of Fate in Ancient Mesopotamia of the First Millennium. Toward an Understanding of
Šīmtu, Wiesbaden 1994.
L. Marti, “La notion de humûsum au bronze récent”, ABU 2006, nº 91.
B. Pongratz-Leisten, “Reflections on the translatability of the notion of holiness”, in Fs. Parpola, pp. 409-427.
J. Renger, “Untersuchungen zum Priestertum in der altbabylonischen Zeit. I. Teil”, ZA 58, 1967, 110-188.
J. Renger, “Untersuchungen zum Priestertum in der altbabylonischen Zeit. II. Teil”, ZA 59, 1969, 104- 230.
E.K. Ritter, “Magical-expert (=¿šipu) and physician (=asû). Notes on two complementary professions in
Babylonian medicine”, in Fs. Landsberger (245), pp. 299-321.
H. Roulliard, J.Tropper, “Trpym, rituels de guérison et culte des ancetres d’apres I Samuel XIX 11-17 et les textes
paralleles d’Assur et de Nuzi”, VT 37, 1987, 340-361.
I. Starr, “Notes on some technical terms in extispicy”, JCS 27, 1975, 241-247.
I. Starr, “An additional note on a technical term of extispicy”, JCS 30, 1978, 170-172.
B.A. van Proosdij, “Het vertalen van de Akkadische religieuze terminologie”, JEOL 9, 1943-1944, 154-156
[Version of the Akkadian religious terminology].
St. Zawadzki, “Neo-Assyrian temple sacrifices: 1. r·š·ti”, RO 41, 1980, 151-155.

35
2.11.2.2.3. Society

P. Artzi, “Two Principal Terms of International Relations in the Ancient Near East of the Mid-Secondon
Millennium” (Heb.), in Fs. Avishur, pp. 103-114. [par§u, Ãēmu]
E. Cassin, “Nouvelles données sur les relations familiales à Nuzi”, RA 57, 1963, 113-119.
D.Charpin, “Chroniques bibliographiques. 10. Économie, société et institutions paléo-babyloniennes: nouvelles
sources, nouvelles approaches”, RA 101, 2007, 147-182.
K. Deller, “Zur Terminologie neuassyrischen Urkunden”, WZKM 57, 1961, 29-42.
M. Dietrich, “ZI-tim / Zimeš = napultu ‘Landbewohner, Landarbeiter’. Eine Studie über die südbabylonische
Gesellschaft i, 8. Und 8. Jahrhundert v.Chr.”, in Fs. Kienast, pp. 15-45.
E. Dombradi, “Notizen zur Deutung von d∞nam ’´≠uzu in den altbabylonischen Prozessurkunden”, WO 34, 2004,
23-39.
T. Donald, “The semantic field of rich and poor in the wisdom literature of Hebrew and Accadian”, OA 3, 1964,
27-41.
B.L. Eichler, uzi personal tidennūtu transactions and their Mesopotamian analogues, Dis. Uni. Of Pennsyvania
1967.
B.L. Eichler, Intedenture at uzi; the personal tidennūtu contracts and its Mesopotamian analogues (YNER 5),
New Haven 1973 [rev.: Or 45, 1976, 376-379 (F. Pomponio); WO 9, 1978, 297-305 (K. Deller)].
M. de J. Ellis, “Taxation in ancient Mesopotamia: the history of the term misksu”, JCS 26 1974 211-250.
W. Farber, “Die Erbschaft der R∞batum”, WO 7, 1973, 18-24.
H. Freydank, “Untersuchungen zur sozialen Struktur in mittelassyrischer Zeit”, ArOrF 4, 1976, 111-130.
U. Gabbay, “The Akkadian Word for ‘Third Gender’: The kalû (gala) Once Again”, in RAI LI, pp. 49-56.
I. Gelb, “Terms for slaves in Ancient Mesopotamia”, in Studies I.M. Diakonoff, Warminster 1982, pp. 81-95.
W.W. Hallo, Early Mesopotamian Royal Titles (ARORS 43), Chicago IL 1957.
W.W. Hallo, “Royal Titles from the Mesopotamia periphery”, AnSt 30, 1980, 180-195.
K. Hecker, “Zur Beurkundung von Kauf und Verkauf im Altassyrischen”, WO 11, 1980, 64-75.
M. Held, “On terms for deportation in the old Babilonyan royal inscriptions with special reference to Yahdunlim”,
JAES 11, 1979, 53-62.
H. Hirsch, “Über den Briefbeginn in der Korrespondenz der altassyrischen Kaufleute”, in Fs. Hofner, pp. 79-93.
J. Lewy, “On Some Institutions of the Old Assyrian Empire”, HUCA 27, 1956, 1-79.
M. Liverani, “Political lexicon and political ideologies in the Amarna letters”, Berytus 31, 1983, 41-56.
L. Matouš, “Zu den Ausdrücken für ‘Zugaben' in den vorsargonischen Grundstückkaufurkunden”, AROR 22,
1954, 434-443.
M.T. Roth, “On Amputation, Beating, and Illegal Seizure”, in Fs. Biggs, pp. 207-218.
E. Salonen, Die Gruss- und Höflichkeitsformen in babylonisch-assyrichen Briefen (SO 38), Helsinki 1967 [rev.:
BiOr 27, 1970, 28-29 (J. Bottéro); AROR 38, 1970, 221-222 (J. Klíma); OLZ 67, 1972, 44-47 (W. Röllig)].
E. Salonen, Über das Erwerbsleben im alten Mesopotamien. Untersuchungen zu den akkadischen Berufsnamen I,
Helsinki 1970 (rev.: BiOr 29, 1972, 315-316 (J. Klíma); WZKM 65-66, 1973-74, 327-328 (H. Hunger); OLZ
70, 1975, 462-464 (H. Freydank); BiOr 32, 1975, 224-227 (I.M. Diakonov)].
E. Salonen, Über die Zehnten im alten Mesopotamien. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Besteuerung (Helsinki 1972
[rev.: BiOr 32, 1975, 224.227 (I.M. Diakonov)].
M.J. Seux, Epithètes royales akkadiennes et sumériennes, Paris 1967 [rev.: ZA 60, 1970, 214 (W. vov Soden); RB
74, 1967, 624 (R. Tournay)].
G. Steiner, “Kaufmanns- und Handelssprachen in Alten Orient”, Iraq 39, 1977, 11-17.

36
K.R. Veenhof, Aspects of the Old Assyrian trade and its terminology (SDIOAP 10), Leiden 1972 [rev.: BiOr 31,
1974, 90-92 (L. Matouš); ZDMG 125, 1975, 161-164 (E. von Weiher); JES 35, 1976, 62-65 (N. Yoffee);
AROR 44, 1976, 188 (J. Klíma); JARORS 96, 1976, 432 (H. Hunger)].
C. Wunsch, “Metronymika in Babylonien. Frauen als Ahnherrin der Familie”, in Fs. Sanmartín, pp. 359-469.

2.11.2.2.4. Professions/Administration

M. Bonechi, “TSŠ 43, A Fara Escerpt of the Standard Professions List”, ABU 2006, nº 14.
J.A. Brinkman, “The use of occupations names as patronyms in the Kassite perios : a forerunner of Neo-
Babylonian ancestral names?V”, in Fs. Leichty, pp. 23-43.
D. Charpin, “Des prophètes-âpilu dans le Šumma ālu”, ABU 2006, nº 88.
M.A. Dandamayev, “Temple Archers in the Neo-Babylonian Sippar”, in Fs. Heltzer, pp. 95-98.
M. Dietrich, O. Loretz, “Die soziale Struktur von Alala≠ und Ugarit. I. Die Berufsbezeichungen mit der
hurritischen Endung -≠uli”, WO 3, 1966, 188-205.
Ch. Frechette, “Reconsidering ŠU.IL(2).LA(2) as a Classifier of the āšipu in Light of the Iconography of Reciprocal
Hand-lifting Gestures”, in RAI LI, pp. 41-47.
C. Jean, “Recherches sur la fontion d’āšipu à l’époque néo-assyrienne: l’apport des listes lexicales”, in
ODD, pp. 77-88.
B.J. Parker, “Ašipâ again : a microhistory of an Assyrian provincial administration”, in Fs. Parpola, pp. 179-192.
A. Salonen, “Die Namen für ‘Vogler’ im alten Mesopotamien”, Bmitt 7, 1974, 167-172.
A.T. Serbenti, “Sul personale dei templi neobabilonesi”, Aegyptus 34, 1954, 220-230 [Study of the technical
terms]
S. Svärd, M. Luukko, “Who were the ‚Ladies of the House‘ in the Assyrian empire“, in Fs. Parpola, pp. 279-293.

2.11.2.2.5. Health/illness/Body Parts

P.B. Adamson, “Anatomical and pathological terms in Akkadian. Part I”, JRAS 1974, 102-106.
P.B. Adamson, “Anatomical and pathological terms in Akkadian. Part II”, JRAS 1979, 2-8.
P.B. Adamson, “Anatomical and pathological terms in Akkadian. Part III”, JRAS 1981, 125-132.
P.B. Adamson, “Anatomical and pathological terms in Akkadian. Part IV”, JRAS 1984, 3-18.
P.B. Adamson, “Some Anatomical and pathological terms in Akkadian”, RA 84, 1990, 27-32.
P.B. Adamson, “An assessment of some Akkadian medical terms”, RA 87, 1993 (1994), 153-159.
M. Civil, “BE5/PE-EN-ZÉ-ER = biṣṣūru”, in Fs. Leichty, pp. 55-61 (“clitoris”).
A. Deimel, Zur Etymologie der amen der Körperteile, Helsinki 1946.
M.I. Gruber, “Fear, anxiety and reverence in Akkadian, Biblical Hebrew and other North-West Semitic
languages”, VT 40/4, 1990, 411-422.
M.I. Hussey, “Anatomical Nomenclature in the Akkadian Omen Texts”, JCS 2, 1948, 21-32.
Ch.F. Jean, “Pharmacopée et parfumerie dans quelques lettres de Mari”, AROR (Mélanges Hrozný I) 17, 1949,
320-329.
A.L. Oppenheim, “On the observation of the pulse in Mesopotamian medicine”, Or 31, 1962, 27-33 [Akk. šer’¿nu,
‘vein’’].
M. Stol, “Blindness and night-blindness in Akkadian”, JES 45, 1986, 295-299.
J.V.K. Wilson, “Leprosy in ancient Mesopotamia”, RA 60, 1966, 47-58.

37
2.11.2.2.6. Military terminology

M.E. Cohen, “A small Old Babylonian army of a-pí-ru-ú”, in Fs. Leichty, pp. 63-86.
E. Ebeling, “Die Rüstung eines babylonischen Panzerreiters nach einem Vertrage aus der Zeit Darius II”, ZA 16,
1952, 203-213.
A. Finet, “Termes militaires accadiens dans l’A.T. conservés dans la LXX”, Iraq 25, 1963, 191-192.
R.A. Henshaw, “Late neo-assyrian officialdom”, JARORS 100, 1980, 283-305.
T. Kendall, “gurpisu ša aw·li: the helmets of the warriors at Nuzi”, in Fs. Lacheman, pp. 201-231.
W.R. Mayer, “Waffen und Stricke in einer altbabylonischen Urkunde (Tab. XVI)”, Or 72, 2003, 368-389.
Y. Mitsuma, “The General in Charge of the Four stratēgiai’?, ABU 2007, nº 09.
J.-L. Montero Fenollós, “El armamento defensivo del soldado de Súmer y Mari”, AuOr 21, 2003, 213-227.
E. Salonen, Die Waffen der alten Mesopotamier.Eine lexikalische und kulturgeschichtliche Untersuchung (SO 33),
Helsinki 1965 [rev.: OLZ 63, 1968, 557-560 (D.O. Edzard); AROR 38, 1970, 76-79 (B. Hruška)].
E. Salonen, “Zur altbabylonischen Kriegswesen”, BiOr 25, 1968, 160-162.
E.A. Speiser, “On Some Articles of Armor and their Names”, JAOS 70, 1950, 47-49.

2.11.2.2.7. Technical Terms

K. Balkan, “Makriš and ašiš, component parts of wagons and ploughs respectively, in a Cappadocian tablet from
Kültepe”, (235) 49-58.
G. Chambon, “La mesure de capacité ‘ânée’ et la marque en forme d’âne”, ABU 2006, nº 94.
G. Dossin, “La terminologie sumérienne et accadienne du bronze”, in RAI I, pp. 2-3 (91-96).
G. Farber, “Ein altbabylonisches Inventar von Hausgeräten”, WZKM 97, 2007, 185-192.
F.M. Fales, “‘To speak kindly to hik/them” as item of Assyrian political discourse”, in Fs. Parpola, pp. 27-39
D.A. Foxvog, “Abgal’s and Carp Actors”, ABU 2007, nº 67.
H. Fraydank, “ṭuppu in anderer Sicht”, AfO 34, 2007, 225-236.
B. Groneberg, “La culture metérielle à Mari, II: Der ūbalum und seine Objecte”, MARI 6, 1990, 161-180.
A.D. Kilmer, “The strings of musical instruments: Their names, numbers, and significance”, in Fs. Landsberger,
pp. 261-272.
Kr. Lyczkowska, “Some remarks on jewellery in the Old Assyria”, in I. Braun, Kr. Lyczkowska, M. Popko, P.
Steinkeller, eds., Written on clay and stone: ancient ear Eastern studies presented to Krystyna Szarzyríska on
the occasion of her 80 birthday, Warszawa 1998, pp. 45-53.
R.Mattila, “The chief singer and others late eponyms”, in Fs. Parpola, pp. 159-166.
A.L. Oppenheim, “Mesoptamian conchology”, Or 32, 1963, 407-412.
A.L. Oppenheim, “Towards a history of glass in the anceint Near East”, JARORS 93, 1973, 259-266.
A.L. Oppenheim, P.H. Brill, Glass and Glassmaking in Ancient Mesopotamia, Corning NY 1970.
A.L. Oppenheim, “More fragments with instructions for glassmaking”, JES 32, 1973, 188-193.
A. Salonen, Der Abschnitt ‘Wagen’ der 5. Tafel der Serie ïAR-ra = ≠ubullu (SO XI, 3), Helsingfors 1945.
A. Salonen, Die Türen des alten Mesopotamien. Eine lexikalische und kulturgeschichtliche Untersuchunden
(AASF B 124), Helsinki 1961 [rev.: RSO 37 1962 128-130 (G.R. Castellino); OLZ 60, 1965, 248-250 (K.
Deller); ZDMG 113, 1963, 180-181 (D.O. Edzard); Or 33, 1964, 96-99 (H. Freydank); JARORS 82, 1962, 396-
397 (H. Hirsch); BSL 59, 1964, 228-229 (R. Labat); RA 56, 1962, 52 (M. Lambert); BiOr 21, 1964, 315-316
(K. Oberhuber); WZKM 62, 1969, 298-301 (W. Röllig); BSOAS 25, 1962. 602-603 (H.W.F. Saggs); ZA 55,
1962, 261-264 (A. Sjoberg)].
A. Salonen, Die Wasserfahrzeuge in Babylonien nach sumerisch-akkadischen Quellen ... (SO VIII, 4), Diss.
Helsinki 1939.
38
A. Salonen, autica Babyloniaca. Eine lexikalische und kulturgeschichtliche Untersuchung (SO XI, 1), Helsinki
1945 [rev.: RSO 21, 1945-1946, 103-105 (Furlani)].
A. Salonen, otes on Wagons and Chariots in Ancient Mesopotamia (Studia Orientalia 14), Helsinki 1950 [rev.:
OLZ 49, 1954, 39 (R. Labat)].
A. Salonen, Die Landfahrzeugen des alten Mesopotamien, nach sumerisch-akkadischen Quellen (mit besonderer
Berücksichtigung der Serie ïAR-ra = ≠ubullu). Eine lexikalische und kulturgeschichtliche Untersuchung
(Annales Acad. Scient. Fennicae B 72/3), Helsinki 1951 [rev.: WZKM 52, 1953, 238 (F.R. Kraus); BiOr 10,
1953, 119-120 (D.J. Wiseman); OLZ 494, 1954, 39-40 (R. Labat); BSOAS 16, 1854, 610 (H.W.F. Saggs);
DLZ 75, 1954, 520-522 (F. Köcher); RA 48, 1954, 161-162 (L. Le Breton); Erasmus 8, 1955, 171-173 (W. von
Soden); ZDMG 110, 1960, 131-133 (J.A.H. Potratz)].
A. Salonen, “Das Rad der altmesopotamischen Wagen”, RAI II, 59-62 [on the words šênu, šu ≠uppu/šu ≠uppatu
and kušaru]
A. Salonen, Die Möbel des alten Mesopotamien nach sumerich-akkadischen Quellen (AASF, B 127), Helsinki
1963 [rev.: Or 33, 1964, 99-103 (K. Deller); ZA 57, 1965, 308-309 (H. Hirsch); Erasmus 18, 1966 427-430 (J.
Krecher); RA 58, 1964, 137-138 (M. Lambert); BSOAS 27, 1964, 620-621 (W.G. Lambert); WZKM 61, 1967,
239-240 (E. Leichty); OLZ 60, 1965, 34-36 (K. Oberhuber); BiOr 22, 1965, 35-38 (K.R. Veenhof)].
A. Salonen, Die Hausgeräte der alten Mesopotamier I. Helsinki 1965 [rev.: Or 35, 1966, 207-209 (K. Deller);
ZDMG 120, 1970, 178-188 (W. Heimpel); JARORS 90, 1970, 528-529 (A.K. Grayson); ZA 60, 1970, 161-163
(H. Hirsch); WZKM 63-64, 1972, 279-2281 (K. Jaritz); JOAS 92, 1972, 294-296 (R.S. Ellis); RA 59, 1965,
185-188 (M. Lambert); MIO 13, 1967, 154-155 (H. Freydank); ZDMG 118, 1968, 167 (W. Röllig); Paideia 22,
1967, 393-394 (G. Rinaldi); ZA 58, 1967, 329-330 (H. Hirsch); DLZ 88, 1967, 1071-1074; 89 1968 487-489
(H. Klengel); OLZ 62, 1967, 563-565 (K. Oberhuber); Erasmus 20, 1968, 352-355 (J. Krecher); MIO 14, 1968,
514-516 (H. Freydank)].
A. Salonen, Die Hausgeräte der alten Mesopotamier II. Helsinki 1966.
A. Salonen, “Die Öfen der alten Mesopotamier”, BMitt 3 1964 100-124.
A. Salonen, “Bemerkungen zur sumerisch-akkadischen Brennholz-Terminologie”, JEOL 18, 1964, 331-338.
A. Salonen, Die Ziegeleien im alten Mesopotamien (AASF, B 171), Helsinki 1972 [rev.: BiOr 30, 1973, 65-66
(R.R. Jestin); ZA 63, 1973, 106-107 (E. von Weiher); BSOAS 36, 1973, 639-640 (C.B.F. Walker); JRAS 1974,
52-53 (J.N. Postgate)].
E.A. Speiser, “A Note on Certain Akkadian terms for Door-Equipment”, JCS 2, 1948, 225-227.
R.C. Tompson, A Dictionary of Assyrian Chemistry and Geology, Oxford 1936.
R. van Laere, “Techniques hydrauliques en Mésopotamie ancienne”, OLP 11, 1980, 11-53.
K.R. Veenhof, “On some Old Assyrian linear measure”, ABU 2007, n. 50 [idum, ūṭum, kabistu, ubānum, qanû
…].
Cl. Wilcke, “kišib gíd: ‘eine (Schuld)urkunde prolongieren”, ABU 2006, nº 21.

2.11.2.2.8. Textiles/Clothing

H.A. Brongers, “Die metaphorische Verwendung von Termini für die Kleidung von Göttern und Menschen in der
Bibel und im Alten Orient”, in Fs. Meriggi, pp. 61-74.
A.L. Oppenheim, “The Golden Garments of the Gods”, JES 8, 1949, 172-193.
J. Reade, “Fez, diadem, truban, chaplet: power-dressing at the Assyrian court“, in Fs. Parpola, pp. 239-264.
A. Salonen, Die Fussbekleidung der alten Mesopotamier, Helsinki 1969 [rev.: Or 39, 1970, 194-195 (R. Caplice);
BSOAS 33, 1970, 444-445 (J.N. Postgate); Erasmus 23, 1971, 44-46 (J. Bauer); WZKM 63-64, 1972, 285-287
(H. Sauren); OLZ 67, 1972, 351-356 (G. Pettinato); OLZ 68, 1973, 137-139 (H. Freydank)].

39
J.-A. Scurlock, “On Some Terms for Leatherworking in Ancient Mesopotamia”, in RAI LI, pp. xx-xx.

2.11.2.2.9. Animals

P. Attinger, “Aza ‘ours’”, ABU 2006, n. 37.

J.A. Black J.A., Al-Rawi F.N.H., “A Contribution to the Study of Akkadian Bird Names”, ZA 77, 1987, 117-126.
K. Butz, “Bemerkungen zu Jagdtieren in Mesopotamien”, BiOr 34, 1977, 282-290.
M. Dietrich, O. Loretz, “Die akkadischen Tierbezeichnungen immeru, puhadu und puhalu im ugaritischen und
Hebräischen”, UF 17, 1985, 99-103.
W. Farber, “Von ba und anderen Wassertieren; testudines sargonicae?”, JCS 26, 1974, 195-207.
L. Kogan, “Sleeping Deer in Mesopotamia and the Bible”, BiBa 1, 2004, 363-365.
F.R. Kraus, Staatliche Viehhaltung im altbabylonischen Lande Larsa. MKNA 29, 5, Amsterdam 1966 [rev.: BiOr
25, 1968, 201-202 (J. Klíma)].
B. Landsberger, I. Krumbiegel, Die Fauna des alten Mesopotamiens, Leipzig 1934.
W.L. Moran, “Some Akkadian names of the stomachs of the ruminants”, JCS 21, 1967 [1969], 178-182.
A.L. Oppenheim, L.F. Hartman, “The domestic animals of ancient Mesopotamian according to the XIII tablet of
the series ïar-ra = ≠ubullu”, JES 4, 1945, 152-177 [with glossary].
A. Salonen, Hippologica Accadica. Eine lexikalische und kulturgeschichtliche Untersuchung über die Zug-, Trag-
und Reittiere, ihere Anschirrung, Aufzäumung, ... über die Reiterei, das Pferdepersonal usw. bei den alten
Mesopotamier samt einem Verzecihnis der hippologischen Termini und Redewendungen” (AASF B 100),
Helsinki 1955 [rev.: AROR 25, 1957, 680-682 (J. Klíma); RA 51, 1957, 211-217 (M. Lambert); DLZ 79, 1958,
669-673 (J.A.H. Potratz); Paideia 13, 1958, 336 (G. Rinaldi); BSL 3, 1957-58, 201-205 (R.R. Jestin); Or 27,
1958, 311-314 (K. Deller); BSOAS 21, 1958, 181-183 (C.J. Gadd); RSO 33, 1958, 281 (G.R. Castellino);
WZKM 55, 1959, 163-165 (B. Kienast); OLZ 54, 1959, 272-274 (A. Kammenhuber)].
A. Salonen, Die Fischerei im alten Mesopotamien nach sumerisch-akkadischen Quellen, Helsinki 1970 [rev.: BiOr
28, 1971, 360-361 (R.-R. Jestin); OA 11, 1972, 215-225 (H. Waetzoldt); ZA 63, 1973, 108-109 (E. von
Weiher); WZKM 65-66, 1973-74, 325-326 (H. Hunger); OLZ 69, 1974, 560-562 (H. Freydank); OLZ 69, 1974,
456-458 (K. Oberhuber)].
A. Salonen, Vögel und Vogelfang im alten Mesopotamien. Helsinki 1973 [rev.: BSOAS 38, 1974, 625 (C.B.F.
Walker); ZA 64, 1975, 291-293 (E. von Weiher); WZKM 67, 1975, 289-292 (K. Butz); ZDMG 127, 1977, 115-
120 (W. Farber); BiOr 36, 1979, 50-51 (H. Waetzoldt).
A. Salonen, Beitrage zur Geschichte des Schweines im Zweistromlande (SO 43/9), Helsinki 1974.
A. Salonen, Jagd und Jagdtiere im alten Mesopotamien, Helsinki 1976 [rev.: BSOAS 40, 1977, 595-596 (C.B.F.
Walker); ZA 67, 1977, 116-119 (E. von Weiher); Or 49, 1980, 112-113 (B. Brentjes); OA 19, 1980, 73-75
(G.R. Castellino); OLZ 76, 1981, 457-458 (H. Freydank)].
M. San Nicolò, “Materialien zur Viehwirschaft in den neubabylonischen Tempeln, III”, Or 20, 1951, 129-150.
M. San Nicolò, “Materialien zur Viehwirschaft in den neubabylonischen Tempeln, V”, Or 25, 1956, 24-38 [BibL
1954, 286].
P.C. Wapnish, Animal names and animal classifications in Mesopotamia: an interdisciplinary approach based on
folk taxonomy, Columbia Univ. Diss. 1984.
J. Zarins, “The domesticated equidae of third millennium B.C. Mesopotamia”, JCS 30, 1978, 3-17.

2.11.2.2.10. Plants

Tz. Abusch, “List of Therapeutic Plants. An Observation”, in Fs. Leichty, pp. 1-3.
I.M. Diakonoff, “Thorns and roses”, RO 41, 1980, 19-24.

40
M. Dietrich, O. Loretz, “Die soziale Struktur von Alala≠ und Ugarit (IV). Die Weingärten des Gebietes von Alala≠
im 15. Jahrhundert”, UF 1, 1969, 37-64 [Notes on technical terms].
S. Favaro, “Ossevazioni sull’orticultua di epoca neo-assira”, in Fs. Parpola, pp. 41-50.
B. Landsberger, The date palm and its byproducts according to the cuneiform sources (AfO Beiheft 17), Graz
1967.
A. Salonen, Agricultura Mesopotamica. ach sumerisch-akkadischen Quellen. Eine lexikalische und
kulturgeschichtliche Untersuchung (AASF, B 149). Helsinki 1968 [rev.: OA 8, 1969, 337-338 (C. Saporetti);
ZA 60, 1970, 161-163 (H. Hirsch)].
J.A. Scurlock, “A Proposal for Identification of a Missing Plant: Kamantu/ÚÁB.DUḪ = Lawsonia inermis L.
/‘henna’”,WZKM 97, 2007, 491-520.
G. Stiehler-Alegria, “Weinraute oder Harmelraute, welche Spezies verbirgt sich hinter den Termini šibburratu,
š’mbr’ und sauma?”, AfO 34, 2007, 125-143.
M. Stol, M., On trees, mountains and millstones in the ancient ear East (‘Ex Oriente Lux’ 21), Leiden 1979
[rev.: AfO 28, 1981-82, 170-172 (W.G. Lambert); BiOr 38, 1981, 630-634 (W. Heimpel); JARORS 102, 1982,
659-660 (R.D. Biggs); ArOr 51, 1983, 196 (B. Hruška)].
R.C. Tompson, A Dictionary of Assyrian Botany, London 1949 [rev.: BiOr 9, 1952, 109-112; (R. Labat); RA 46,
1952, 176-177 (J. Bottéro)].

2.11.2.2.11. Foods/drinks

W. Farber, “Mittelassyrische Mehlspeisen”, ArOrF 11, 1984, 110-114.

J. García Lenberg, “El vino en la antigua Mesopotamia centroseptentrional”, Veleila 11, 1994, 35-43.
L.F. Hartman, A.L. Oppenheim, On Beer and Brewing Techniques in Ancient Mesopotamia, according to the
XXIIIrd tablet of the series ïAR.ra = ≠ubullu (JARORS Suppl. 10), Baltimore MD 1950 [rev.: BiOr 8, 1951,
183 (J. Forbes)].
W. Röllig, Das Bier im alten Mesopotamien, Berlin 1970 [rev.: JSS 19, 1974, 87-90 (A.R. Millard); Or 43, 1974,
144 (R. Caplice); JES 34, 1975, 288-293 (A. Westemholz)].
M. Stol, “Zur altmesopotamischen Bierbereitung”, BiOr 28, 1971, 167-171.

2.11.2.2.12 Others

S. Gaspa, “‘Wiping the pot clean‘: on cooking pots and polishing operations in Neo-Assyrian sources“, in Fs.
Parpola, pp. 83-98.
P. Steinkeller, “On Sand Dunes, Moutain Ranges, and Mountain Peaks”, in Fs. Biggs, pp. 219-
J.G. Westenholz, M. Sigrist, “The Measure of Man: The Lexical Series UGU-MU”, in RAI LI, pp. 221-230.

2.11.2.3 Radical morphemes ('roots'):

H. Hirsch, “Über das lachen der Götter“, in Fs. Kraus, pp. 110-120 [/§j≠/].
G. Mazzini, “Akkadian R’M as a West Semitic Lexical Trait”, UF 34, 2002, 577-584.
J. Renger, “Zur Wurzel MLK in akkadischen Texten aus Syrien und Palästina”, in ARES I, pp. 165-172.
A. Salonen, “Notes on the Stem R-K-B in Akkadian”, AROR 17, 1949, 313-322.
A. Salonen, “Some Akkadian Etymologies”, JES 9, 1950, 108-110 [4-5. The roots I. srp and II s2rp. 6-7. The
roots š1’6’7 and š2’6'7].

41
2.11.2.4 Lexemes

P.B. Adamson, “Bubu’tu and birdu lesions in Akkadian texts”, JRAS 1969, 10-12.
M. Anbar, “Ṭēm Addu”, ABU 22007, nº 79.
S. Arbeli-Rave, “šgl = ša ekalli = SAL.É.GAL”, Lešonénu 52, 1988, 8-17.
D. Arnaud, “atû/utû à Alalah”, RHA 25, 1967, 166-169.
D. Arnaud, “Le verbe šu≠≠û en accadien périphérique”, BiOr 26, 1969. 316-317.
B. Batto, “DIGIR.IŠ.ïI and spirantization in Hebrew”, JSS 16, 1971, 33-34.
T. Bauer, “Assyriologische und altarabistische Miszellen”, Or 26, 1957 1-11. [3. SU.DU8.A = ikmî. 4. mûrnisqu.
5. DAR.DAR = purruru. 6. ša la KUR-su kussâ i§ablat. 10. ašru. 11].
P.-A. Beaulieu, “UBARA (EZENxKALKAL)ki = Udannu”, ASJ 13, 1991, 97-109.
K. Beyer, “Akkadisches l∞mu und aramäisches l´m ‘Eponimat’“, Or 57, 1988, 82-83.
L.N. Bijagov, “Zur interpretation der Termini É und Édunnu/URUdunnu in den Urkunden der mittelassyrischen
Periode”, AAntH 22, 1974, 333-335.
L.N. Bijagov, “Terminy É i Édunnu v sredneassitijskom dialekte” [É i Édunnu in the dialect of Central Asia], LHG
8, 1974, 82-84.
N. Birot, “Le sens de NÍG.DU dans les textes de Mari et Chagar Bazar”, RA 52, 1958, 177-182.
F.R. Blake, “Studies in Semitic Grammar II”, JARORS 62, 1942, 109-118 [14. Akkadian qâtu ‘hand’].
J.A. Black, “asahu to copy'“, RA 79, 1985, 92s.
R. Borger, “ma≠rtu und si≠irtu”, AfO 18, 1957, 88.
R. Borger, “Der Gerätname rapšu”, AfO 18, 1957, 128.
R. Borger, “SU-GU7 = sugû ‘Hungersnot’ und GU7 ‘essen’”, Or 36, 1967, 429-431.
R. Borger, “Hebr. trmh, mrmh und die grosse Ia≠dun-Lim Inschrift”, ZAH 8, 1995, 294-298 [TUR-mi-im =
dumu – mi-im = mār-mi-im].
J.L. Boyd, “ïu§§um ‘to anger, irritate, trouble’ in TCL VII 58:15”, Or 52, 1983, 246-247.
M.M. Bravmann, “Akk. kipru(m), pl. kiprtu(m) and Ethiopic kanfar”, JCS 22, 1968-69, 85-87.
B. Brentjes, “ANflE.gi.ga.fl U.MUL = parû = onager”, WZUH 17, 1968, 29-34.
J.A. Brinkman, “New evidence on Old Assyrian ≠ašumtum”, Or 32, 1963, 387-394.
J.A. Brinkman, “Note on Old Assyrian ≠ašumtum”, JES 24, 1965, 118-120.
G. Buccellati, “Due note ai testi accadici di Ugarit (1. ZUR = §arx. 2. MAŠKIM = s¿kinu)”, OA 2, 1963, 223-228.
G. Buccellati, “A note on the mušk·num as a ‘homesteader’”, Maarav 7, 1991, 91-100.
G. Buisson, “turtu et maš’altu: une nouvelle atteattion”, ABU 2008/79.
O. Calderini, “Considerazioni sul naœî ebraico, il naœî biltìm babilonese e il našu assirio”, BEO 21, 1979, 273-
281.
R. Caplice, “Akkadian ud(d)û”, in Studies Oppenheim, pp. 62-66.
R. Caplice, “An apotropaion against fungus”, JES 33, 1974, 345-349.
G. Cardascia, “Faut-il éliminer gišAPIN = nart,.abu (une machine d'irrigation)?”, RA 60, 1966, 153-164.
M. Casini, “‘Carcere’ nella terminologia accadica”, EVO 13, 1990, 127-134.
A. Cavigneaux, “Une crux sargonica et els quatre vents”, Orientalia 76, 2007, 169-175
D. Charpin, “A propos du bît asîrî sous Rim-Anum”, RA 74, 1980, 75-76.
D. Charpin, “Watriš, lecture akadienne de SLBI?”, ABU 2006, nº 70.
D.Charpin, “Harrâdum”, ABU 2006, nº 89.
D. Charpin, “Les mots et les choses : girginakku ‘bibliothèque’ ”, ABU 2007, nº 60.
V. Christian, “našû in den Nuzi-Texten”, AfO 18, 1957, 112.
C. Christian, “Akkadisch kšš = arabisch k¨¨ “, AfO 18, 1958, 287.

42
M. Civil, “On some terms for bat' in Mesopotamia”, AuOr 2, 1984, 5-9.
M. Civil, “Early Semitic Loanwords in Sumerian”, in Fs. Biggs, pp. 11-33.
M.E. Cohen, “The identification of the kušû”, JCS 25, 1973, 203-210.
G. Conti, “Su una nuova attestazione di i7-zubi(r)”, RA 82, 1988, 115-130.
J.S. Cooper, “m(¿)≠ (¿)zu and ki-šu-peš (5/6/x)”, Or 43, 1974, 83-86.
B. Cutler, J. Macdonald, “An Akk. Cognate to Ugaritic brlt”, UF 5, 1973, 67-70.
M.A. Dandamayev, “The Late Babylonian ambaru”, JAES 16, 1984-85, 39-40 [On m¿r banê].
K. de Graef, “Le «gu4-da-ri-a’» dans MDP 10: un autre élément de datation ?”, ABU 2007, nº 23.
K. de Graef, “Ili-kibrī «Mon dieu ets ma grandeur»: un nom hybride accadien-amorite ? », ABU 2007, nº 24
K. Deller, K. Watanabe, “šukkulu(m), šakkulu, ‘abwischen, auswischen’”, ZA 70, 1981, 198-226.
K. Deller, “LÚLUL = LÚparris,.u und LÚsarru”, Or 30, 1961, 249-257.
K. Deller, “Die Verdrägung des Grundstamms von ez·bu durch rammû im Neuassyrischen”, Or 30, 1961, 345-
354.
K. Deller, “Old Assyrian kanwarta, midle assyrian kalmarte, and neo-assyrian Garmarte”, JEOL 29, 1985, 43-49.
K. Deller, “*i≠≠a§ = im≠a§ auch altbabylonisch?”, Or 35, 1966, 33-35.
K. Deller, K. Watanabe, “Šukkulu(m), Šakkulu abwischen, auswischen” ZA 70, 1980, 198-226.
K. Deller, “kurru ‘Mehlbrei’”, Or 54, 1985, 327-330.
K. Deller, “Assyrisch um/nzar≠u und Hebräisch ´äzraú“, ZA 74, 1984, 235-239.
K. Deller, “Old Assyrian Kanwarta, Middle Assyrian Kalmarte, and Neo-Assyrian Garmarte”, JEOL 29, 1985-86,
43-49.
K. Deller, S. Parpola, “Die Schreibungen des Wortes etinnu ‘Baumeister’ im Neuassyrischen”, RA 60, 1966, 59-
70.
K. Deller, S. Parpola, “Neuassyrisch ‘unser Herr’ = b·l∞ni, nicht *b·lni”, Or 36, 1966, 121-122.
W.A.J. de Smet, “Kashshû’ in Old-Babylonian documents”, Akkadica 68, 1990, 1-19.
M. Dietrich, O. Loretz, “Die soziale Struktur von Alala≠ und Ugarit (I). Die Berufsbezeichnungen mit der
hurritischen Endung -≠uli”, WO 3, 1966, 188-205.
M. Dietrich, O. Loretz, “Die soziale Struktur von Alala≠ und Ugarit (II). Die sozialen Gruppen ≠upše-namê,
≠annia≠e-ekû, e≠ele-šūzubu and marjanne nach den Texten aus Alala≠ IV”, WO 3, 1966, 188-205.
M. Dietrich, O. Loretz, “Die soziale Struktur von Alala≠ und Ugarit (IV)“ [3. Bedeutungen von É = b∞tu].
M. Dietrich, O. Loretz, “Akkadisch siparru, ugaritisch spr, gprt und hebräisch spr, sprt”, UF 17, 1985, 401.
M. Dietrich, O. Loretz, “Pilku = ilku ‘Lehenspflicht’”, UF 4, 1972, 165-166.
M. Dietrich, O. Loretz, W. Mayer, “Sikkanum ‘Betyle’”, UF 21, 1989, 133-139.
T. di Gennaro, “Lo š¿piru nell’Ebabbara neo-babilonese e achemenide”, AIO 55, 1995, 381-405.
E. Dhorme, “L’étymologie de qâtum ‘main’“, RA 1941, 89.
E. Dombradi, “Notizen zur Deutung von d∞nam ’´≠uzu in den altbabylonischen Prozessurkunden”, WO 34, 2004,
23-39.
V. Donbaz, “The Old Assyrian month name Kanwarta”, JCS 24, 1971, 24-28.
V. Donbaz, “Old Assyrian terms for bread (akalu, kirrum)”, in Fs. Sjöberg, pp. 91-97.
V. Donbaz, “About the limu Ha/iyašāyu/e”, ABU 2007, nº 63.
G. Dossin, “Giballu ‘cannaie’“, RA 52, 1958, 91-92.
G. Dossin, “ïarâšu(m) ‘être muet’”, RA 62, 1968, 75-76.
G. Dossin, “Le nom de signe (mu)ušlânu”, RA 64, 1970, 162-163.
G. Dossin, “Adaššum etr kir≠um dans les textes de Mari”, RA 66, 1972, 111-130.
G.R. Driver, “Acc. šimê/îtn ‘Two Evenings’“, ZA 52, 1957, 307-308.

43
M. Duchesne-Guillemin, “Pukku and mekkû”, Iraq 45, 1983, 151-156.
J.-M. Durand, “*Bakîram = ‘auparavant’“, MARI 5, 1987, 668-670.
J.-M. Durand, “*aptêtum, *naptûm”, MARI 5, 1987, 670-671.
J.-M. Durand, “šumma pa-gu ú šumma sà-ú-um”, ABU 2007, nº 58 (sà-ú-um, ‘oie’).
J.-M. Durand, “”habinnu”, ABU 2009/10.
E. Ebeling, “Akkadisch bakrâtu = Rad einer Bewässerungs maschine”, Or 20, 1951, 13-14.
E. Ebeling, “Akkadisch puru≠libnu = späthebräisch pr≠lbn”, AfO 16, 1952-53, 215.
E. Ebeling, “sumaktar auch  ‘Lockvogel'“, AfO 16, 1952-1953, 286.
E. Edel, “GAD.TÚGmaklatu gleich jdg, etwa ‘Mantel, Umhang’“, in Fs. Alp, pp.127-135.
D.O. Edzard, “Altbabylonisch nawûm”, ZA 53, 1959, 168-173.
D.O. Edzard, “Altassyrisch nuwa'um”, in Fs. ÖzgöÙ, pp. 107-109.
D.O. Edzard, “namir ‘er ist glänzend’”, in P. Calmeyer et al., eds., Beiträge zur Altorientalischen Archäologie und
Altertumskunde. Festschrift für Barthel Hrouda zum 65. Geburgstag, Wiesbaden 1994, pp. 87-89
W. Eilers, “Akkadisch zan¿num. Ein Versuch”, in Symbolae Böhl, pp. 129-136.
W. Eilers, “Akkad. kaspum Silber, Geld' und Sinnverwandtes”, WO 2/4, 1957, 322-337.
W. Eilers, “Nachträge zu Eilers, Akkad. kaspum”, WO 2/5-6, 1957, 465-469.
M. de J. Ellis, “êimdatu in the Old Babylonian sources”, JCS 24, 1972, 74-82.
Y. Elman, “An Akkadian cognate of Hebrew šeúîn”, JAES 8, 1976, 33-34.
F.M. Fales, “Two Neo-Assyrian notes”, RA 75, 1981, 67-69 [1. GIfl-flU.A in Neo-Assyrian letters. 2. ABL 124].
W. Farber, “Altassyrisch addabsu und hazuannu, oder von Safran, Fenchel, Zwiebelnimd Salat”, ZA 81, 1991,
234-242.
W. Farber, “Akkadisch blind'“, ZA 75, 1985, 210-233.
H.H. Figulla, Old Babylonian ‚nad∞tu’ records (CTBTBM 47), London 1967 [rev.: RA 64, 1970, 74-78 (W.F.
Leemans); JES 28, 1969, 133-135 (R.D. Biggs); BiOr 26, 1969, 359-360 (W: Röllig); OLZ 65, 1970, 146-
149 (H.M. Kümmel)].
A. Finet, “L’expression rêš war≠im dans les Lettres de Mari”, BiOr 10, 1953, 85-88.
J.J. Finkelstein, “Cutting the sissiktu in divorce proceedings”, WO 8, 1976, 236-240.
J.J. Finkelstein, “šilip r·mim and related matters”, in Fs. Kramer, pp. 187-194.
T. Fish, “GIŠ.GAR.RA, išk¿rum”, MCS 1, 1951, 9-11.
D. Freedman, “Šub¿t b¿šti: a robe of splendor”, JAES 4, 1972, 91-95.
H. Freydank, “b∞t šur∞pim in BoÒazköy”, WO 4, 1968, 316-317.
J. Friedrich, “Zu angeblichen giri- Pfeil’ in BoÒazköy-Texten”, AfO 16, 1952-1953, 286.
P. Fronzaroli, “Su-ga-gu-um sceicco'“, PP 14, 1959, 189-193.
G. Furlani, “Acc. qaqqada paÃâru = sciogliere (l’acconciatura del)la testa”, RSO 20, 1943, 399-420.
G. Furlani, “Acc. talîmu = γvήσιoς”, RALincei 2, 1947, 191-206.
G. Furlani, “Acc. muballià m∞ti = il salvatore del moribondo”, RALincei 3, 1948, 304-338.
G. Furlani, “tu'¿mu = il gemelo, i suoi sinonimi e i suoi affini”, RALincei 4, 1949, 291-307.
G. Furlani, “Et. ≠a§∞n = ferro, e acc. ≠a§§∞nu = ascia”, RSEt 6, 1947-48, 1-11.
M.L. Gallery, “Service obligations of the kezertu-women”, Or 49, 1980, 333-338.
Er. Gehlken, “ma-gi4-a = šuripu (Eiss)”, ABU 2007, n. 77.
I.J. Gelb, “The Word for dragoman in the Ancient Near East”, Glossa 2, 1968, 93-104.
I.J. Gelb, “Sîbût kušurr¿´im, ‘witnesses of the indemnity’”, JES 43, 1984, 263-276.
M.L. Gel’cer, “Ugaritsko-akkadskiem étimologii (mûdu // md)”, SemJaz, pp. 335-358.
G. Giovinazzo, “La cerimonia della vestitione' (lubuštu) nei testi achemenidi datati al regno di Ciro”, AIO 41,
1981, 527-559.
44
Y. Gong, “kalakku: Überlegungen zur Mannigfaltigkeit der Darstellungsweisen desselben Begriffs in der
Keilschrift anhand des Beispiels kalakku”, JAC 5, 1990, 9-24.
A. Goetze, The vocabulary of the Princeton Therological Seminary
A. Goetze, “Akk. antalū and namtallūm eclipse'“, JCS 1, 1947, 251-252.
A. Goetze, “The Etymology of Akk. q¿tum hand'“, JCS 2, 1948, 269-270.
R. Gordis, “A West-Semitic Cognate to Akkadian su≠¿tu”, JSS 5, 1960, 151-152.
E.I. Gordon, “The meaning of the ideogram dKASKAL.KUR ...[2592] (1969)
C.H. Gordon, “Micah VII 19 and Akkadian kabasu”, VT 28, 1978, 355.
A.K. Grayson, “Ambush and animal pit in Akkadian”, Studies Oppenheim (255), pp. 90-94.
A.K. Grayson, “Akkadian ksr and kšr”, Assur 1/4, 1975, 3-7.
M. Greenberg, “Hebrew segulla: Akkadian sikiltu”, JARORS 71, 1951, 172-174.
J.C. Greenfield, “Le bain des brebis.' Another Example and Query”, Or 29, 1960, 98-102.
J.C. Greenfield, “Qlqlt', tubkinnu, refuse tips and treasure trove”, AnatS 33, 1983, 123-129.
J.C. Greenfield, “The root sql in Akkadian, Ugaritic and Aramaic”, UF 11, 1979 (1980), 325-327.
J.C. Greenfield, “našu-nadânu and its congeners”, in Essays J.J. Finkelstein, Hamden 1977, 87-91.
B. Groneberg, “tilp¿nu = Bogen”, RA 81, 1987, 115-124.
M.I. Gruber, “Akkadian labn appi in the light of art and literature”. JANES 7 1975 73-83.
M.I. Gruber, “Hebrew qËd·š¿h and her Canaanite and Akkadian cognates”, UF 18, 1986, 133-148.
A. Harrak, “Middle Assyrian bit hasinu”, ZA 79, 1989, 61-72.
A. Harrak, “Kisirtu et kes·ru dans les inscriptions royales assyriennes”, ARRim 3, 1985, 15-17.
R. Harris, “The nad∞tu woman”, in Fs. Oppenheim, pp. 106-135.
A. Heidel, “The Meaning of mummu in Akkadian Literature”, JES 7, 1948, 98-105.
A. Heidel, “A Special Usage of the Akkadian Term sadû”, JNES 8, 1949, 233-235.
J.-G. Heintz, “Aux origines d’une expression biblique: ūmūšū qerbū, in A.R.M. X/6, 8’? ”, VT 21, 1971, 528-540.
M. Held, “The Root zbl/sbl in Akkadian, Ugaritic and Biblical Hebrew”, JARORS 88 (1968) 90-96.
M. Heltzer, “The Neo-Assyrian sakintu and the Biblical sokenet (I Reg. l,4)”, in RAI XXXIII, pp. 87-90.
M. Heltzer, “On the Akkadian term r·šu in Ugarit”, IOS 4, 1974, 4-11.
M. Heltzer, “The Rabbaúm in Mari and the rpi(m) in Ugarit”, OLP 9, 1978, 5-20.
M. Heltzer, “Akkadian katinnu and Hebrew k∞dµn, sword'“, JCS 41, 1989, 65-68.
M. Heltzer, “The ‘Royal Merchants’ (tamk¿ru (ša) šarri) in Neo-Babylonian and Achaemenid Times and the West
Semites among them”, UF 38, 2006, 347-351.
H. Hirsch, “êubrum und scheinbar Verwandtes”, AfO 21, 1966, 51-55.
H. Hirsch, “‘Idi ana idi’”, Or 35, 1966, 413-416.
H. Hirsch, “Neša?”, Or 37, 1968, 87-89.
H. Hirsch, “Akkadisch (altassyrisch) mazz¿zum ‘Pfand, Verpfändung’”, WZKM 62, 1969, 52-61.
H. Hirsch, “Zornige Worte”, ZA 58, 1967, 104-109 [Ass. ≠amÃum and ≠imiÃÃum].
H. Hirsch, “Kuzāzum – Die Geschichte eines Irrtums?”, ABU 2006, nº 47. (NP, and mazzāzum).
H. Hirsch, “Kuzāzum- mazzāzum – eine Zwischenbilanz”, ABU 2006, nº 71.
H. Hirsch, “šiqqum”, NABU 2008, nº 61 [+ šakāmum]
H.A. Hoffner, “A native Akkadian cognate to the West Semitic *gbn ‘cheese’?”, JARORS 86, 1966, 27-31.
H. Hoffner, “A Native Akkadian cognate to West Semitic *gbn ‘cheese’”, JARORS 86, 1966, 27-31.
H. Holma, “Zum akkadischen Wörterbuch”, Or 13, 1944, 102-115 [1. Die Namen für Finger' bzw. Hand'. 2.
Ãulîmu, tulîmâtu, atulîmânu. 3. Akk. pênu, ‘Schenkel’. 6. gumatu. 7. qîšu, qîštu, ‘Wald’, ‘Gehölz’. 8. šatâqu,
‘abquetschen’, ‘abschneiden’].

45
H. Holma, “Zum akkadischen Wörterbuch”, Or 14, 1945, 242-258 [12. agašu ‘stossen’ und ekêdu ‘kratzen’. 13.
pasqu ‘Innenwald’?].
W.Th. In der Smitten, “KH §§ 226f: gall¿bu = Tätowierer”, BiOr 31, 1974, 42.
T. Jacobsen, “Ittalak ni¿ti”, JES 19, 1960, 101-116.
T. Jacobsen, “The lil2 of dEn-lil2”, in Fs. Sjöberg, pp. 267-276.
V.A. Jakobson, “The title sakintu in neo-assyrian texts”, in PSb III, pp. 243-245.
Th. Jansen, “Tuppišu in der AKL – Berechnung, Konzept, Bedeutung”, Akkadica 128, 2007, 99-108.
B. Jasnković, “Von gugallus, Überschwemmungen und Kronland”, WZKM 97, 2007, 219-242
Ch.F. Jean, “Kam-a-tum ‘truffes’ (?)”, RA 43, 1949, 89-92.
E. Jenni, “Fliehen im akkadische und im hebraïschen Sprachgebrach”, Or 47, 1978, 351-359.
R. Jestin, “záku-ut-pu-ú”, AfO 16, 1952, 64-65 [mineral noun].
M. Jursa, “Weisses Silber und ginnu-Silber”, ABU 2006, nº 01.
B. Kienast, “tertum im Altassyrischen”, Festgabe K. Deller, Neukirchen-Vluyn 1988, pp. 145-155.
B. Kienast, “KASKALII ana GÌRII ša PN šakānu”, WO 19, 1988, 5-34.
B. Kienast, “The Old Assyrian be´ūl¿tum”, JCS 41, 1989, 87-95.
A.D. Kilmer, “The use of Akkadian dkš in Old Babylonian geometry texts”, in Studies Oppenheim, pp. 140-146.
A.D. Kilmer, “Notes on Akkadian uppu”, in Fs. Finkelstein, pp. 129-138.
H. Klein, H., “Tudittum”, ZA 73, 1983, 255-284.
J. Klíma, “Im ewigen Banne des mušk·num.-Problematik?”, AAntH 22, 1974, 267-274.ç
R. Köbert, “Zwilling: tô’¿m und te’ôm”, Biblica 35, 1954, 138-139.
F. Köcher, “Zur Lesung von KI.KAL in den medizinischen Texten”, AfO 20, 1963, 158-159.
F. Köcher, “Urruru (am Feuer) dörren'“, in Fs. Landsberger, pp. 323-325.
R. Kolinski, “NB ‘bītu ḫiṭṭatu’: a plot covered with pits”, ABU 2006, nº 83.
F.R. Kraus, “ūmšum und Verwandtes”, RA 62, 1968, 77-79.
F.R. Kraus, “Altbabylonisch ze’pum”. BiOr 24 1967 12-14.
F.R. Kraus, “Sesam im alten Mesopotamien”, JARORS 88, 1968, 112-119.
F.R. Kraus, “Akkadische Wörter und Ausdrücke I-III; IV-V”, RA 64, 1970, 53-61; 141-147 [1. ≠iÃ∞tum. 2. p¿nam
išûm, p¿nam rašûm, p¿nam šuršûm. 3. tak§∞ru. 4. purūs-/purūst- as categoy of numerals].
F.R. Kraus, “Akkadische Wörter und Ausdrücke VI-VIII”, RA 65, 1971, 97-112 [6. mūt¿nū. 7. Zu šumam
≠aš¿sum; ≠issat šumim. 8. Zu zikir šumim, šumam zak¿rum]
F.R. Kraus, “Akkadische Wörter und Ausdrücke IX. ≠ab¿tum”, RA 69, 1975, 31-40.
F.R. Kraus, “Akkadische Wörter und Ausdrücke X-XI”, RA 70, 1976, 165-179 [10. napÃarum. 11. xx napÃarim,
nawūm]
F.R. Kraus, “Akkadische Wörter und Ausdrücke XII-XIII”, RA 73, 1979, 51-62; 135-141 [12. §imdatum, §imdat
šarrim. 13. t¿w∞tum/*uwwûm]
F.R. Kraus, “Uštu en babylonien”, RA 72, 1978, 77-78.
M. Krebernik, “Lexikalisches aus Tuttul”, in Fs. Fronzaroli, pp. 301-319 [2. UDU Zamrum].
M.K. Krikorian, “A Further Argument about annakum”, AcOr 25, 1960, 171-2.
J.-R. Kupper, “Notes Lexicographiques”, RA 45, 1951, 120-130 [1. tukku. 2 (w)ašibu. 3. nikkassu].
R. Kutscher, “Akkadian °ad¿dum/šad¿dum = ‘to camp’”, ZA 767, 1986, 1-3.
R. Labat, “Sur une graphie controversée du verbe zâku”, RA 42, 1948, 78-81.
R. Labat, “Le nom du pignos de pin en akkadien”, GLECS 5, 1948-1949, 14-17.
E.R. Lacheman, “The Word šudutu in the Nuzi Tablets”, in Trudy XXV Kongr. vostokovedov 1, pp. 233-238.
J. Laessoe, “Akkadian annakum: ‘Tun’ or ‘Lead’?”, AcOr 24, 1959, 83-94.
J. Laessoe, “The Meaning of the Word alamittu”, in RAI 3, 1952, pp. 150-156.

46
W.G. Lambert, “Two Akkadian Cognates”, JJewS 5, 1954, 40-41 [1. râ§u = hb. rw§. 2. magranu, magrattu = hb.
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W.G. Lambert, “A new verb: *si’¿lum ‘rejoice’”, RA 77, 1983, 190-191.
W.G. Lambert, “The reference of ≠amÃu and marû in lexical lists”, ZA 81, 1991, 5-9.
B. Landsberger, “Akkadisch aspu = ‘Schleuder’, assakku = ‘Schleuderstein’”, AfO 18, 1958, 378-9.
B. Landsberger, “Einige unerkannt gebliebene oder verkannte Nomina des Akkadischen”, WZKM 56, 1960, 109-
129 [1. ūÃu. 2. kirimmu. 3. passu].
B. Landsberger, “Einige unerkannt gebliebene oder verkannte Nomina des Akkadischen”, WZKM 57, 1961, 1-23
[4. anzû ‚’(mytischer) Riesenvogel’].
B. Landsberger, “Einige unerkannt gebliebene oder verkannte Nomina des Akkadischen”, WO 3, 1964, 48-79 [5.
≠a´attu = Ohnmacht und Verwandtes (Mit Exkurs: ana ittišu)].
B. Landsberger, “Einige unerkannt gebliebene oder verkannte Nomina des Akkadischen. 6. kurkû = Gans'“, WO
3, 1966, 246-268 [6. kurkû, ‚Gans’. Excursus 1: Melu≠≠a. Excursus 2: i§§ūr ≠urri].
B. Landsberger, “Nachtrag zu aspu = Schleuder'“, AfO 19, 1959-60, 66.
B. Landsberger, “Tin and lead: The adventures of two vocables”, JES 24, 1965, 285-296.
B. Landsberger, “Akkadisch aspu = ‘Scheuder’, assuku = ‘Schleuderstein’”, AfO 18, 1957-1958, 378-379.
B. Landsberger, “Lexicographical Contributions”, JCS 4, 1950, 1-62 [bibliography and Index of words].
B. Landberger, “Assyriologische Notizen”, WO 5, 1950, 362-376 [1. Der Schiffergot Sirsir. 2.Das Symbol der
verflochtenen Schlangen. 3. Akk. taskarinnu = ‘Buchsbaum’. 4. Akk. iškuru = ‘Wachs’. 5. Die Lesung des
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B. Landberger, “Kommt ïattum ‘Hettirerland’ und ïatt∞’um ‘Hittite’ in den Kültepe-Tafeln vor?”, in Fs. Hrozný,
III pp. 329-350, IV pp. 321-329.
R.C. Lederman, The designation of foreign territory in Assyrian royal inscriptions of the Sargonic period, Merion
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W.F. Leemans, “The as∞ru”, RA 50, 1961, 57-76.
N.L. Lemche, “Andurārum and mēšarum: comments on the problem of social edicts and their application in the
ancient Near East”, JES 38, 1979, 11-22.
A. Lenzi, “Tašnintu II, ‘Repetition, Teaching’?”, ABU 2006, nº 31.
J. Lewy, “ïatta, ïattu, ïatti, ïattuša and ‘Old Assyrian’ ïattum”, in Fs. Hrozný III, pp. 360-441, IV 321-329.
J. Lewy, “Old Assyrian puru’um, and pūrum”, RHA 1939, 117-124.
J. Lewy, “Old Assyrian urasum and Sanchunyâtôn’s Story about Chusor”, IEJ 5, 1955, 154-162.
J. Lewy, “Old Assyrian izêzum and its Implications”, Or 28, 1959, 351-60.
J. Lewy, “Old Assyrian subrum”, HUCA 38, 1967, 1-15.
J. Lewy, “The meaning of NÍG.DU in the Mâri Texts”, Or 27, 1958, 55-58.
J. Lewy, “The Old Assyrian Surface Measure šubtum”, in Studia biblica et orientalia 3, pp. 216-226.
J. Lewy, “Old Assyrian izêzum and its Implications”, Or 28, 1959, 351-60.
J. Lewy, “Grammatical and Lexicographical Studies”, Or 20, 1960, 20-45 [1. A propos of the stative in prohibitive
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J. & H. Lewy, “Old Assyrian subrum”, HUCA 38, 1967, 1-15.
J. Lewy, “On Some Akkadian Expresions for ‘Afterward’ and Related Notions”, WO 2, 1959, 432-437.
E. Lipiński, “In search of the etymology of some Semitic loan-words”, in Fs. Ehrman, pp. 325-333 [1. Akk.
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E. Lipiński, “Origins and avatars of birtu ‘stronghold’”, ArOr 67, 1999, 609-617.
M. Liverani, “Kitru, katāru”, Mesopotamia 17, 1982, 43-66.
47
V.A. Livšic, “Novovaviloskoe ≠aÃ(a)ru” [The new-Babylonian ≠aÃ(a)ru], VDI 1979/4, 95-100.
O. Loretz, “Die as∞rum-Texte (I)”, UF 10 1978 121-160.
H.L.F. Lutz, The Name of the Jujube Tree in Babylonia”, JARORS 70, 1950, 108-109 [amurdînum to be read
a≠urdinnum).
J. Macdonald, “The identification of baza≠¿tu in the Mari letters”, RA 69, 1975, 137-145.
J. Macdonald, “The role and status of the §u≠¿rū in teh Mari correspondence”, JARORS 96, 1976, 57-68.l
T.J. Mafico, “The term šāpiÃum in Akkadian documents”, JSL 13, 1987, 69-87.
M.P. Maidman, “The office of ≠al§u≠lu in the Nuzi texts”, in Fs. Lacheman, pp. 233-246.
A. Malamat, “Ummatum in Old Babylonian texts and its Ugaritic and Biblical counterparts”, UF 11, 1979,
527-536 [Ug. ’umt & Hebr. ’umm¿h].
M. Malul, “Sissiktu and sikku: their meaning and function”, BiOr 43, 1986, 20-36.
M. Malul, “Susapinnu. The Mesopotamian paranymph and his role”, JESHO 32, 1989, 241-278.
M. Malul, “Eôtu ‘Darkness’ and IÃÃu ‘Clay’: Poetic License or Corruption Due to Etymological Similarity?
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I. Márquez Rowe, “Ac. elītim u wirittum ‘ida y vuelta’”, AuOr 8, 1990, 134-135.
U. Masing, “Kas elmešu=helmes?”, ESA 23, 1977, 23-32.
L. Matouš, “Einige Bemerkungen zur akkadischen Lexikographie”, ArOr 32, 1964, 127-138 [rev. art.: 1. The
Assyrian Dictionary of the Univ. Of Chicago vols. 3, 4, 7, 16, 21. 2. W. Von Soden, Akkadisches
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L. Matouš, “Bemerkungen zur akkadischen Lexikographie”, OrAr 38, 1970, 131-134 [1. The Assyrian Dictionary
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L. Matouš, “Beiträge zur akkadischen Lexicographie”, ArOr 42, 1974, 167-172 [[1. The Assyrian Dictionary of
the Univ. Of Chicago vols. 8, 9 2. W. Von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch, Lief. 12].
R. Maxwell-Hyslop, “The metals amūtu and aši´u in the Kültepe texts”, AnatS 22, 1972, 159-162.
M.L. Mayer, “Note etimologiche, III”, Acme 17, 1964, 223-229 [1. Lat. Imber, Akk. imbaru. 2. Gr. címeros, Akk.
imertu. 3. Heb. /lúm/, Hit. la≠≠aya. 4. Akk. pad¿nu, Skr. panthan. 5. Heb. ’∞š, Hit. iš≠u].
W. Mayer, “Urra(m) sera(m) in syrischen Rechtsurkunden des 2. Jtd.v. Chr.”, UF 17, 1986, 405s.
W. Mayer, “Mardatu ‘Teppich’”, UF 9, 1977, 173-189.
W. Mayer, “Kir§∞tum ‘abgeschiedenes Gebäude’ - kein Phantomwort”, UF 21, 1989, 269-270.
G.J.P. McEwan, “ša taturru”, RA 75, 1981, 91-92.
G.J.P. McEwan, “Distribution of Meat in Eanna”, Iraq 45/2, 1983, 187-198 [ kusši-i≠-tu = Heb. šút, immolare? (p.
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B. Meissner, “Das bît ≠ilâni in Assyrien”, Or 11, 1942, 251-261.
T. Meltzer, “The Deictic Nature of alāku in Akkadian”, in Fs. Leslau 1991, II, pp. 1046-1057.
C. Michel, “La culture metérielle à Mari, III: ebbum et ebbûtum”, MARI 6, 1990, 181-218.
L. Milano, “OAkk. BAN- ≠a-tum = tir≠atum ‘bridal price’”, Or 56, 1987, 85-86.
S. Mirelman, “Tu≠ru ‘Achiles’ Tendon?”, ABU 2008/65.
W.L. Moran, “sunu II, ‘ein Tuch od Binde’”, RA 77, 1983, 95f.
W.L. Moran, “NIN.DINGIR(.RA) = ugbabtum (non: *ukkurtum)”, JES 9, 1950, 51-52.
W.L. Moran, “Putative Akkadian šukammu”, JCS 31, 1979, 247-248.
W.L. Moran, “duppuru (dubburu) - tuppuru, too?”, JCS 33, 1981, 44-47.
W.L. Moran, “Additions to the Amarna lexicon”, Or 53, 1984, 287-302 [Glossary]
M. Na´aman, “aš∞tu (sg.) and ašâtu (pl.) - strap and reins”, JCS 29, 1977, 237-239.
N. Na´aman, “Amarna ¿l¿ni pu-zu-ri (EA 137) and Biblical cry hprzy/hprzwt (‘rural settlements’)”, ZAH 4, 1991,
72-75.
48
P. Negri Scafa, “A proposito del termine kašku nei testi di Nuzi”, OA 21, 1982, 123-142.
J. Nougayrol, “Sirrimu (non *purîmu) âne sauvage'“, JCS 2, 1948, 203-208.
J. Nougayrol, Les graphies pour droite' et gauche' et l'échelonnement des textes hépatoscopiques'“, ACO 21,
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J. Nougayrol, “La Lamaštu à Ugarit”, Ugaritica VI, pp. 393-408.
J. Nougayrol, “‘Oiseau’ au oiseau?”, RA 61, 1968, 23-38.
J. Nougayrol, “Nouveaux textes sur le zi≠≠u (I)”, RA 63, 1969, 149-157.
J. Nougayrol, “Nouveaux textes sur le zi≠≠u (II)”, RA 65, 1971, 67-84.
J.R. Novotny, “Za≠alû-Metal for Marduk’s Paramā≠u and the Date of Assurbanipal’s E-Prisms”, Or 72, 2033,
211-215.
R.T. O’Callaghan, “New Light on the maryannu as Charriot Warrior'“, JbKAF 1, 1961, 309-323.
A.L. Oppenheim, “An ‘Etymology’ of andin¿nu”, AfO 18, 1958, 278.
A.L. Oppenheim, “Old assyrian mag¿ru or mak¿ru?”, in Anat. Stud. Güterbock, pp. 229-237.
A.L. Oppenhein, “A note on ša r·ši”, JAES 5, 1973, 325-334.
A.L. Oppenheim, “Deux notes de lexicographie accadienne”, Or 9, 1940, 219-222 [1. L’expression qal(a)pu
matâ≠u 2. Une nouvelle forme du pronom démonstratif en néo-babylonien].
A.L. Oppenheim, “Akkadian pul(u)≠ (t)u and melammu”, JARORS 43, 1943, 31-34.
A.L. Oppenheim, “Studies in Akkadian Lexixography I”, Or 11, 1942, 119-133 [1. kuštab.ba and kušTAB. 2. ≠ubtu
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A.L. Oppenheim, “Studies in Akkadian Lexixography II”, Or 14, 1945, 235-241 [1. ≠âÃu. 2. qabla rakâsu and
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A.L. Oppenheim, “Akk. arad ekalli = builder'“, AROR 17, 1494, 227-235.
S. Parpola, “The Neo-Assyrian word for ‘queen’”, SAAB 2/2 1988 73-76.
J.A. Peat, “Hanšu and the rab hanšî”, Iraq 45, 1983, 124-127.
T. Petit, “L'évolution sémantique des termes hébreux et araméens phh et sgn et accadiens [sic] pahatu et saknu”,
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R. Pientka-Hinz, “Angeschmiert! – Die Entweihung einer nad∞tum-Preisterin”, AoF 35 2008, 254-261 [lap¿tum]
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R. Plöchl, K. Reiter, “Alašija und Alaš ‘Kupfer/Bronze’”, Kadmos 33, 1994, 65-68.
A. Poebel, “Etymology of qâtum, ‘hand’”, JARORS 60, 1940, 95-97.
J.N. Postgate, “URU.ŠE = kapru”, AfO 24, 1973, 77.
J.N. Postgate, “riḫṣu, ḫiṣnu, šiḫṭu, but not bulgur”, ABU 2006. nª 12.
K. Radner, “Zur Bedeutung von šu≠¿tu im Neuassyrischen: ‘Ziegel herstellen’ oder ‘Ziegel glassieren’, AfO 44-
45, 1997-1998, 159-161.
A.F. Rainey, “LÚMAŠKIM at Ugarit”, Or 35, 1966, 426-428.
A.F. Rainey, “Āširu and as∞ru in Ugarit and the Land of Canaan”, JES 26, 1967, 296-301.
H. Reculeau, “Le point sur la ‘plante à huile’: réflexions sur la cultura du sésam en Syurie-Mésopotamie à l’âge du
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E. Reiner, “KÙ.GI in Medical Texts”, AfO 18, 1958, 394.
E. Reiner, “išqarrurtu”, RA 46, 1952, 110-112.
E. Reiner, “ME-UGU = m·lu”, AfO 19, 1959-60, 150-151.
E. Reiner, “Dead of night”, in Fs. Landsberger (245), pp- 247-251 [ina q´lti m´š∞].
E. Reiner, “ana nalban”, AfO 23, 1970, 89-91.
E. Reiner, “The verb gar¿šu”, RA 69, 1975, 95-96.
49
E. Reiner, “Damqam-∞nim revisited”, SO 55, 1984, 175-182.
E. Reiner, J. Renger, “The case of the secret lover. muštarqu: muštarriqu: Gt: Dt opposition”, AfO 25, 1974-77,
184-185.
J. Renger, “m¿rat ilim: Exogamie bei den semitischen Nomaden des 2. Jahrtausends”, AfO 24, 1973, 103-107.
J. Renger, “Ein seleukidischer Ehrentitel in keilschriftlicher Überlieferung”, Or 54, 1985, 257-259.
S. Richardson, “One more, ana še’im”, ABU 2007, nº 48.
K.K. Riemschneider, “kappu-rapšu and pattarpal≠i”, JCS 27, 1975, 233-234.
J.J.M. Roberts, “Erra: scorched earth”, JCS 24, 1971, 11-16.
W. Röllig, “Akkadisch tu’um, di’um, phönizisch tw, aramáisch twn: Versuch einer Klärung”, in Fs. Moscati 3,
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Y. Rosengarten, “Le nom et la fonction de ‘sage’dans les pratiques religieuses de Sumer et d’Akkad”, RHR 162,
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W.M.W. Roth, “nbl”, VT 10, 1960, 394-409.
M.B. Rowton, “$uppū in the Assyrian King-lists”, JES 18, 1959, 213-221.
Fr. Rundgren, “Parallelen zu akk. šin·p´m ‘⅔’“, JCS 9, 1955, 29-30.
F. Rundgren, “Akkadisch utlellūm sich erheben'“, Or 28, 1959, 364-9.
G. Ryckmans, “Sabéen úbl = accadien abullu? L’inscription Fahhry 2”, in Fs. Hrozny, II, 310-312.
H. Sack, “Some remarks of Sin-Iddina and Zerija, qìpu and šatammu of Eanna in Erech ..... 562-56 B.C.”, ZA 66,
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J.D. Safren, “New evidence for the title of the provincial governor at Mari”, HUCA 50, 1979, 1-15.
J.D. Safren, “ina sawê - in an empty land'“, RA 81, 1987, 191.
J.D. Safren, “Removing the ‘gags’ of the Euphrates: ≠ippam nas¿≠um”, JAES 18, 1986, 81-85.
J.D. Safren, “merhûm and merhûtum in Mari”, Or 51, 1982, 1-29.
M. Sandowicz, “Neo-Babylonian nagû”, ABU 2009/14.
A. Salonen, “Some Akkadian Etymologies”, JES 9, 1950, 108-110 [1. iš/ltu≠≠u. 2. sapû. 3. seqēru. 8. šeru. 9.
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A. Salonen, “Akkadian Lexicography”, Or 19, 1950, 404-407 [1. [ediqu] and edaqqu. 2. ikkru. 3. š2r'4. 4. tuškar
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A. Salonen, “Akkad. mušannītum = arab. musannāh”, Or 32, 1963, 449-451.
A. Salonen, “nardappu'“, WO 4, 1968, 318-319.
E. Salonen, “Zur Bedeutung der Phrase bukānam šūtuqu”, AfO 22, 1968-1969, 8.
A. Salonen, “šu≠adakku” ‘Fischer, der Fische and Luft dörrt’”, JEOL 21, 1969-1970, 143-144.
A. Salonen, “Tupšikku und eine neue Phoneme der khalkolothischen Substratschich”, BiOr 27, 1970, 170-177.
A. Salonen, “ša≠¿Ãu = ‘glasieren’ (d.h. Ziegel)”, BiOr 28, 1971, 24-25.
C. Saporetti, “La morfologia del verbo *ndn / *tdn nel medio-assiro”, in Mél. Rinaldi, pp. 35-48.
C. Saporetti, “Emāru, sūtu e qa’u nei documenti economici medio-assiri”, RSO 44, 1969, 273-283.
C. Saporetti, “Un’ipotesi per šuršurr¿tu (KAJ 310: 59)”, SMEA 14, 1971, 181-183
C. Saporetti, “Sulla lettura di un nome di mese assiro”, AIO 31, 1971, 249-250.
Cl. Saporetti, “Il problema del nāħiru”, Fs. Moscati 1996, pp. 1223-1231.
J.M. Sasson, “The ENGAR/ikkarum at Mari”, in Fs. Kramer, pp. 401-410.
B. Scholz, “adêšu”, AfO 28, 1981-82, 142.
W. Schramm, “ka-inim-ma”, RA 75, 1981, 90.
G.J. Selz, “Kaparru(m) : ein sumerisches Lehnwort im Akkadischen?”, RA 87, 1993, 29-45.
M.J. Seux, “Les titres royaux šar kiššati et šar kibrāt arba´i”, RA 59, 1965, 1-18.
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50
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A. Shaffer, “Kitru/kiterru: new documentation for a Nuzi legal term”, in Fs. Oppenheim, pp. 181-194.
A. Shaffer, “A new musical term in ancient Mesopotamian music”, Iraq 43, 1981, 79-83.
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E.A. Speiser, “A Note on the Derivation of šumma”, JCS 1, 1947, 321-328.
E.A. Speiser, “The Semantic Range of dalāpu”, JCS 5, 1951, 64-66.
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D. Sperling, “Akkadian egerrû and Hebrew bt qwl”, JAES 4, 1972, 62-74.
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P. Steinkeller, “The Old Akkadian term for Easterner'“, RA 74, 1980, 1-9.
P. Steinkeller, “(z)a-aš-da = kiššātum”, RA 74, 1980, 179.
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G. Stiehler-Alegria, “Weinraute oder Harmelraute, welche Spezies verbirgt sich hinter den Termini šibburratu,
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P. Talon, “L’offrande-ikribum a Mari”, AIPHOS, 26, 1982, 109-117.
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A. van Selms, “Akkadian dullu(m) as a loan-word in West Semitic languages”, JSL 1, 1971, 51-58.
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M. Vieyra, “Les noms du ‘mundus’ en hittite et en assyrien et la pythonisse d’Endor”, RHA 19, 1961, 47-55.
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W. von Soden, “Die ‘Schwertpflanze’”, AfO 18, 1958, 394.
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W. von Soden, “Zum akkadischen Wörterbuch”, Or 16, 1947, 437-458 [15. šut¿≠u. 16. erâ (iria) und redîš. 17.
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52
W. von Soden, “Zum akkadischen Wörterbuch”, Or 18, 1949, 385-403 [31. ‘Vielleicht’ im Akkadischen. 32.
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W. von Soden, “Zum akkadischen Wörterbuch”, Or 20, 1951, 151-166, 257-269 [42. m·zezu, meÃlūtu und
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Bildung. 55. ašrukkatu. 56. dumunsallu. 57. ≠umÃum/≠unÃu und ≠undu. 58. lippu. 59. naltiptu. 60. tal¿lum;
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W. von Soden, “Zum akkadischen Wörterbuch”, Or 24, 1955, 377-394 [67. akanna/akanni. 68. 'tk (*at¿ku). 69.
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W. von Soden, “Zum akkadischen Wörterbuch”, Or 25, 1956, 241-250 [82. bišimtu/bišittu. 83. ginû. 84. makûm.
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W. von Soden, “Zum akkadischen Wörterbuch, 88-96”, Or 26, 1957, 127-138 [88. Der ‘gehen/de’ Ofen. 89.
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W. von Soden, “Zum akkadischen Wörterbuch, 97-104”, Or 27, 1958, 252-261 [97. apultu(m). 98. aškuttu. 99.
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W. von Soden, “izqātu, išqātu ‘Kettenringe’, ein aramäisches Lehnwort”, AfO 20, 1963, 155.
W. von Soden, “muškenum und die Mawālī des frühen Islam”, ZA 22, 1964, 133-141.
W. von Soden, “Akkadisch šukūsum ‘zylindrische Tiara’ und ‘versorgungslos’“, in Fs. Eilers, pp. 122-128.
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W. von Soden, “Die Fürstin (zubultum) von Ugarit in Mari”, UF 4, 1972, 159-160.
W. von Soden, “Altbab. ga´ûm = hebr. gā´a ‘sich überheben’”, UF 4, 1972, 160.
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W. von Soden, E. Weidner, “‘aqrab’ und ‘našru’”, AfO 18, 1958, 393-394.
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53
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C. Wilcke, “šum§ulum den Tag verbringen'“, ZA 70, 1980, 138-140.
C. Wilcke, “Noch einmal: šilip r·mim und die Adoption ina mê-šu, Neue und alte einschlägige Texte”, ZA 71,
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§arbatu. 4. šasû. 5. šmr III. 6. sekr∞tu. 7 cyr and âru].
R.M. Whiting, “A Drt form of pah¿ru”, RA 81, 1987, 185.
H. Wohl, “The problem of the ma≠≠û”, JAES 3, 1970-71, 112-118.
C. Zaccagnini, “Tummu and par(as)-§ e≠ru. Note on two measures of weight at Nuzi”, OA 15, 1976, 191-297.
R. Zadok, “Lexical, onomastic and geographical Notes”, RA 76, 1982, 174-178 [1. kitintu. 2. ¿r §ir§irri. 3. naÃ∞lu.
5. urz¿nu. 6. nūzu. 7. šilipu. 8. Tabal¿ja. 9. turun].
R. Zadok, “Lexical and Onomastic Notes”, OA 22, 1983, 217-220 [1. abistatu. 2. midiprasu/midparasu. 3. la≠ar.
5. Kur(?)-ri-il-lu-su. 6. Pu-ul-me-nu-ú-su].
R. Zadok, “Assyro-Babylonian lexical and Onomastic notes”, BiOr 41, 1984, 33-46 [I. Some Non-Akkadian
Words in NA and N/LB sources. II. West-Semitic Names in Recently Published N/LB Documnts. III. A
Preliminary Linguistic Analysis of Some N/LB Topomyms. IV. Some Non-Semitic Names in Assyro-
Babylonian Sources].
R. Zadok, “Babylonian notes”, BiOr 38, 1981, 547-551 [1. The Neo/Late Babylonian pronunciation of two divine
names. 3. num∞tu. 4. pu§¿du].
R. Zadok, “N/LB rab-b¿nê < Aram. rabb¿n·” ‘nobles’ or similar”, RA 77, 1983, 189-190.

2.12 OOMASTICS
[cf.1.9.4.3.1]

2.12.0 General

2.12.1 Prosopography

2.12.1.1 Theonymy

[A reminder:
A. Deimel, Pantheon Babylonicum, Roma 1914.
K. Tallqvist, Akkadische Götterepitheta (SO, VII), Helsinki 1938 [rev.: WZKM 48, 1941, 149-150 (x. Christian)].].

A. Annus, The God inurta in the Mythology and Royal Ideology of Ancient Mesopotamia (SAAS, 14 – The Neo-
Assyrian Corpus Project), Helsinki 2002 [rev.: BiOr 63, 2006, 554-556 (D. Schwemer); Orientalia 76, 2007,
284-288 (M.P. Streck)].
A. Archi, “The names of the primeval gods”, Or 59, 1990, 114-129.
P.-A. Beaulieu, The Pantheon of Uruk During the ew Babylonian Period (Cuneiform Monographs 23), Leiden/
Boston 2003.
R. Borger, “Die Aussprache des Gottesnamens Ninurta”, Or 30, 1961, 203.
54
J. Bottéro, “Le noms de Marduk, l’écriture te la ‘logique’ en Mésopotmaie”, in Fs. Finkelstein, pp. 5-28.
K. Deller, “Materialen zu den Lokalpanthea des Königsreiches Arrap≠e”, Or 45, 1976, 33-45.
G. Dossin, “Le panthéon de Mari”, in StMar, pp. 41-50
G. Dossin, “Un ‘panthéon’ d’Ur III à Mari”, RA 61, 1967, 97-104.
G. Dossin, “A propos du dieu Lim”, Syria 55, 1978, 327-332.
G. Dossin, “Aya, parèdre de Šamaš”, OA 18, 1979, 241-243.
J.-M. Durand, “A propos du Panthéon d'Ur III à Mari'“, RA 74, 1980, 174-176.
D.O. Edzard, “Pantheon und Kult in Mari”, in RAI 15, pp. 51-71.
D.O.Edzard, “Enlil, Vater del Götter”, in Fs. Fronzaroli, pp. 173-184.
J. Eidem, « In the name of Aššur”, in Fs. Larsen, pp. 191-203.
R.S. Ellis, “Well, dog my cats! A note of the uridimmu”, in Fs. Leichty, pp. 111-126.
Ll. Feliu, “Two brides for two gods. The case of Šala and Šalaš”, in Fs. Wyatt, pp. 87-93
A. Finet, “Réflexions sur l’onomastique de Mari et le dieu des Hébreux”, (196) 64-78.
G. Galil, “Ashtarot in the Amarna Period”, in IOS XVIII, pp. 373-385.
I.J. Gelb, “The Name of the Goddess Innin”, JES 19, 1960, 72-79.
K.B. Gödecken, “Bemerkungen zur Göttin Annun∞tum”, UF 5, 1973, 141-163.
R.S. Hess, “Divine names in the Amarna texts”, UF 18, 1986, 149-168.
R.S. Hess, “The divine name Yahweh in Late Broze Age sources?”, UF 23, 1991, 181-188.
W. Horowitz, “The Akkadian Name for Ursa Minor: mulmas-gíd. da.an.na = eriqqi samê/samami”, ZA 79, 1989,
242-244.
B. Kienast, “Igigū und Anunnakkū nach dean akkadischen Quellen”, in Fs. Landsberger, pp. 141-158.
B. Kienast, “Überlegungen zum 'Pantheon Babylonicum'“, Or 54, 1985, 106-116.
F. Köcher,”Eine spätbabylonische Ausdeutung des Tempelnamens Esagila”, AfO 17, 1954, 131-135.
F. Knutson, “Divine names and epithets in Akkadian texts”, in S. Rummel, ed., Ras Shanra parallels: The texts
from Ugarit and the Hebrew Bible. Vol. III (AnOr 51), Roma 1981. 471-500.
W.G. Lambert, “The reading of the god name dKA.DI”, ZA 59, 1969, 100-103.
W.G. Lambert, “Old Akkadian Ilaba = Ugaritic Ilib?”, UF 13, 1981, 299-301.
W.G. Lambert, “The Name of Nuska”, RA 96, 2002, 57-60.
W.G. Lambert, “Enbilulu and the Calendar”, in Fs. Leichty, pp. 237-241.
J. Lewy, “Old Assyrian ≠usarum und Sanchunyâtôn’s Story about Chusor”, IEJ 5,1955, 154-162.
G. Marchesi, LUMMA in the Onomastocin and Literatur of Ancient Mesopotamia (History of the Ancient Near
East Studies, 10), Padova 2006.
G.J.P. McEwan, “dMUŠ and related matters”, Or 52, 1983, 215-229.
J. Oelsner, “Zum Pantheon von Nippur in altbabylonischer Zeit nach den Personennamen der Rechtsurkunden”,
Or 45, 1976, 110-115.
J.J.M. Roberts, The earliest Semitic Pantheon: a study of the Semitic deities attested in Mesopotamia before Ur
III, Baltimore/London 1972 [rev.: BSOAS 36, 1973, 738 (W.G. Lambert)].
O. Pedersén, “The fish on a tablet from babylone”, in Fs. Larsen, pp. 451-454.
W. Röllig, “Der Gott Lim im amoritischen Pantheon”, BZ 12, 1968, 123-127.
W.H.Ph. Römer, “Einige Bemerkungen zum dämonischen Gotte dK´bu(m)”, in Symbolae Böhl, pp. 310-319.
G.J. Selz, “Nissaba(k): ‘Dir Herrin der Getreidezuteilungen’”, in Fs. Sjöberg, pp. 491-497.
A. Seri, “The Fifty Names of Marduk in Enuma eliš”, JAOS 126, 2006, 507-519.
P. Thieme, “The ‘Arian’ Gods of the Mitanni Treaties”, JAOS 80, 1960, 301-317.
W. von Soden, “Die Schutzgenien Lamassu und Schedu in der babylonisch-assyrischen Literatur”, BMitt 3, 1964.
148-156.
55
W. von Soden, “Die Igigu-Göter in altbabylonischer Zeit”, Iraq 28, 1966, 140-145.
E. von Weiher, Der babylonische Gott ergal (ARORAT 11), Neukirchen-Vluyn 1971 [rev.: BiOr 30, 1973, 355-
363 (W.G. Lambert)].
R.M. Whiting, “The reading of the name DINGIR-šu-ì-lí-a, JARORS 97, 1977, 171-177.
K.L. Younger, “The Deity Kur(r)a in the First Millennium Sources”, JAER, 9, 2009, pp. 1-23.
Wu Yuhong, “Two Sumerian names in the mouths of the Akkadian: the etymology of Nanna and Inanna, ‘the Lord
of Heaven” and “The Queen of Heaven”, in RAI XLVIII, pp. 446-451.

2.12.1.2 Anthroponymy

[A reminder:
J.J. Stamm, Die akkadische amengebung, Leipzig 1939 (repr. 1968)].

R.D. Biggs, “Semitic names in Fara period”, Or 36, 1967, 55-66.

M. Birot, “Un recensement de femmes au royaume de Mari”, Syria 35, 1958, 4-26.
M. Birot, J.-R. Kupper, O. Rouault, Répertoire analytique (2e volume). Tomes I-XIV, XVIII. Première partie.
oms propres (ARM 16/1), Paris 1979.
J.A. Brinkman, “The use of occupations names as patronyms in the Kassite perios : a forerunner of Neo-
Babylonian ancestral names?V”, in Fs. Leichty, pp. 23-43.
E. Cassin, J.J. Glassner, Anthroponymie et anthropologie de uzi. vol. I. Les anthroponimes. Malibu 1977 [rev.:
JA 267, 1979, 207-210 (F. Malbran-Labat); JARORS 100, 1980, 178-185 (M.P. Maidman); BiOr 36, 1979,
334-335 (G. Wilhelm); WO 11, 1980, 152-154 (M. Müller); ZA 69, 1979, 307-308 (D.O. Edzard); JSS 25,
1980, 94 (W.G. Lambert); RA 74, 1980, 89-91 (M. Birot); OLZ 77, 1982, 352-353 (H. Freydank); AROR 51,
1983, 82 (J. Klíma)].
M. Çig, H. Kizilyay, “Additions to series B and C of personal names from Old Babylonian Nippur”, in Fs.
Landsberger, pp. 41-56.
D.M. Coogan, West Sem. pers. names in the Murašû documents (HSM 7), Missoula MT 1976.
F. Cornelius, “ERIN-Manda”, Iraq 25, 1963, 167-170.
M.A. Dandamayev, “The neo-Babylonian citizens”, Klio 63, 1981, 45-49 [m¿r banê].
R.A. Di Vito, Studies in Third Millennium Sumerian and Akkadian Personal ames. The Designation and
Conception of the Personal God (Studia Pohl, Series Maior 16), Roma 1993.
V. Donbaz, “The PN Aššur-rā’im-nišēšu, a Middle Assyrian Eponynmy”, ABU 2007, nº 64.
V. Donbaz, “Variant writing of the Middle Assyrian Name ša sarrate”, ABU 2007, nº 62.
G. Dossin, “Les noms d’années et d’éponymes dans le ‘Archives de Mari’”, in StMar, pp. 51-61.
G. Dossin, “A propos du nom des Benjaminites dans les Archives de Mari'”, RA 52, 1958, 60-62.
G. Dossin, “Deux listes nominatives du règne de Sûmu-Iamam”, RA 65, 1971, 37-66.
J.-M. Durand, “De l’époque amorrite à la Bible: le cas d’Arriyuk”, in Fs. Diakonoff 2005, pp. 59-69.
D.O. Edzard, “Q∞šum, Ensi von Kazallu”, in Fs. Kraus, pp. 26-33.
W. Eilers, Iranische Beamtennamen in der Keilschriften Überlieferung, Leipzig 1940.
F.M. Fales, “A list of Assyrian and West Semitic women’s names”, Iraq 41, 1979, 55-73. fig. [The Neo-Assyrian
text k.8434].
F.M. Fales, “West Semitic names in the Assyrian empire: difusion and social relevance”, SEL 8, 1991, 99- 117.
G. Farber, “Rinder mit Namen”, in Fs. Kraus, pp. 34-36.
A. Finet, “Iawi-Ilâ , roi de Tañhayûm”, Syria 41, 1964, 117-142.
A. Finet, “Adalšenni, roi de Burundum”, RA 60, 1966, 17-28.
H. Freydank, C. Saporetti, uove attestazioni dell'onomastica medio-assira (Incunabula Graeca 74), Roma 1979.

56
H. Freydank, “Theophore Elemente in den Personennamen mittelassyrischer Urkunden”, Or 45, 1976, 178-181.
G. Garbini, “La parola zu-ú nell'onomastica amorrea'“, AIO 35, 1975, 414-418.
I.J. Gelb, “An Old Babylonian list of Amorites”, JARORS 88 1968 39-46.
M. Görg, “Die Eigennamen in der Grossen Inschrift Tukulti-Ninurtas I. vom Neuen Palast' in Assur”, B 47,
1989, 10-12.
W.C. Gwaltney, “Indices of proper names from the EL Old Assyrian texts”, HUCA 48, 1977, 19-68 [EL = J.
Lewy, Die altassyrischen Rechtsurkunden von Kültepe 1930/1935].
R. Harris, “Notes on the slave names of Old Babylonian Sippar”, JCS 29, 1977, 46-51.
W. Heimpel, “Sumerische. und akkadische Personennamen in Sumer und Akkad”, AfO 25, 1974-1977, 171-174.
M. Heltzer, “The ‘Royal Merchants’ (tamk¿ru (ša) šarri) in Neo-Babylonian and Achaemenid Times and the West
Semites among them”, UF 38, 2006, 347-351.
M. Hölscher, Díe Personennamen der kassitenzeitlichen Texte aus ippur, W. Sommerfeld, ed. (IMGULA, 1)
[Diss. 1994, Univ. Marburg], Münster: 1996 [rev.: BiOr 55/5-6, 1998, 824-843 (L. Sassmannshausen);
JAOS 119, 1999, 689-690 (R. Zadok)].
H.B. Huffmon, Amorite personal names in the Mari texts, Baltimore 1965 [rev.: JES 26, 1967, 225-229 (M.
Astour); Syria 44, 1967, 205-209 (M. Birot); JARORS 86, 1966, 230-233 (G. Buccellati); OLZ 61, 1966, 235-
244 (M. Dietrich, O.Loretz); BiOr 23, 1966, 169-171 (D.O. Edzard); Or 35, 1966, 449-456 (Fr. Gröndahl);
WZKM 61, 1967, 177-178 (H. Hirsch); Linguistics 38, 1968, 111-118 (L.J. Krušina-Cerny); JBL 85, 1966, 365-
368 (M. Noth); ZDMG 117, 1967, 173-174 (G. Wallis); BSOAS 30, 1967, 182 (D.J. Wiseman)].
R. Jas, “Two Middle-Assyrian lists of personal nales from Sabi Abyad”, Akkadica 67, 1990, 33-39.
Ch.F. Jean, “Arišen dans les lettres de Mari”, Semitica 1, 1948, 17-24.
M. Jursa, “Die Söhne Kudurrus und die Herkunft der neubabylonischen Dynastie”, RA 101, 2007, 125-136.
D.F.A. Kinlaw, A Study of the Personal ames in the Akkadian Texts from Ugarit, Doctoral Thesis, Brandeis
1967.
G. Kryszat, “Eine Frau mit Namen Zizizi”, AfO 34, 2007, 210-218.
B. Landsberger, “Einige unerkannt gebliebene oder verkannte Nomina des Akkadischen”, WZKM 56, 1959, 109-
29.
B. Landsberger, “Einige unerkannt gebliebene oder verkannte Nomina des Akkadischen”, WZKM 57, 1961, 1-23.
B. Landsberger, “Einige unerkannt gebliebene oder verkannte Nomina des Akkadischen 5”, WO 3, 1964, 48-79.
B. Landsberger, “Einige unerkannt gebliebene oder verkannte Nomina des Akkadischen 5”, WO 3, 1966, 246-268.
H. Limet, “Anthroponymie akkadienne”, in amFor, pp. 854-856.
J. Llop, “MARV 6, 2 und die Eponymenfolge des 12. Jahrhunderts“, ZA 98, 2008, 20-25.
J. Llop, “Ṣaḫḫutu, šakin māti”, Or 77, 2008, 177-185
N. Na’aman, “Eloulaios/Ululaiu in Josephus, Antiquities IX, 284”, ABU 2006, nº 06.
W. Mayer, uzi Studien I: Die Archive des Palastes und die Prosopographie der Berufe (ARORAT 205/1),
Neukirchen-Vluyn 1978.
P. Michalowski, “Iddin-Dagan and his Family”, ZA 95, 2005, 65-76.
A.R. Millard, The eponyms of the Assyrian empire, 910-612 BC. (State archives of Assyria studies, 2), Helsinki
1994 [rev.: RO 51, 1998, 183-190 (St. Zawadzki)].
J.L. Miller, “Amarna Age Chronology and the Identity of Nibḫururiya in the Light of a Newly Reconstructed
Hittite Text”, AfO 34, 2007, 252-293.
P. Negri Scafa, “Ethnical and cultural aspects related to personal names: the names of the scribes in the kingdom
of Arrap≠a”, in RAI XLVIII, pp. 245-251.
C.G. Rasmussen, A study of Akkadian personal names from Mari, The Dropsie Univ. Diss. 1981.
W. Röllig, “Griechische Eigennamen in Texten der babylonischen Spätzeit”, Or 29, 1960, 376-391.

57
C. Saporetti, Onomastica medio-assira 1.I nomi di persona II. Studi, vocabolari ed elenchi (Studia Pohl 6), Rome
1970 [rev.: ames 20, 1972, 138-139 (J.G. Fucilla); AfO 24, 1973, 141-142 (E. Weidner); BiOr 30, 1973, 58-
60 (A.R. Millard); OA 13, 1974. 65-72 (J.N. Postgate)].
C. Saporetti, “Un nome di persona assiro di problematica comprensione”, RIOno 27, 1975, 133-136.
C. Saporetti, Gli epinomi medio-assiri (Bibliotheca Mesopotamica 9), Malibu 1979 [rev.: BiOr 38, 1981, 76-78
(A.K. Grayson)].
C. Saporetti, A. Ghiroldi, “Per una rielaborazione dell’onomastica medio-assira”, SEL 8, 1991, 181-190.
J.M. Sasson, “Remarks on two ‘Anatolian’ personal names from Mari”, RHA 24, 1966, 155-159.
J.M. Sasson, Notes on some personal names from Mari, RA 66, 1972, 179-180.
H. Schmökel, “Die theophoren Personennamen Babyloniens und Assyriens”, JEAL 19, 1965-66, 468-491.
R.L.Zettler, „Tišatal and Nineveh at the end of the 3rd millennium BCE“, in Fs. Leichty, pp. 503-514.
O. Soysal, “Zur Lessung des Namens ‘Utnapišta’ im Boğasköy-Fragment Kbo 54,2”, ABU 2007, nº 06.
J.J. Stamm, Die akkadische amengebung2, Darmstadt 1968 [rev.: BF 6, 1971, 183-189 (H.S. Schuster)].
P. Steinkeller, « Tiš-atal’s Visir in Nippur », ABU 2007, nº 15.
M. Stol, “Old Babylonian personal names”, SEL 8, 1991, 191-212.
M.W. Stolper, “The genealogy of the Murašu family”, JCS 28, 1976, 189-200.
M.W. Stolper, “A note on Yahwistic personal names in the Murašû texts”, BASOR 222, 1976, 25-28.
M.W. Stolper, “Parysatis in Babylon”, in Fs. Leichty, pp. 463-472.
M.P. Streck, “Hammurabi oder Hammurapi?, ArOr 67, 1999, 655-669.
H. Tadmor, “Sennacherib, King of Justice”, in Fs. Weinfeld, pp. 385-389.
K. Tallqvist, eubabylonische amenbuch, Helsingsfors 1905.
K.L. Tallqvist, Assyrian Personal ames, Helsingsfors 1914 (repr. Hildesheim 1966).
J. Tavernier, “Zu den neuassyrischen Namen mit akk. pa≠āru- oder sa≠āru im Hintergrund”, WO 36, 2006, 5-14
R. Wallenfels, “Anu-aḫ-tuqqin reconsidered”, ABU 2006, nº 08.
E. Weidner, “Bemerkungen zur Königsliste aus Chors¿b¿d”, AfO 15, 1945-1951, 85-102 [The second section
deals with the term Ãuppišu].
E. Weidner, “Wie ist URkarinnu zu lesen?”, AfO 15, 1945-1951, 84.
M. Weippert, “Jau(a) mr H,_umrî: Joram oder Jehu von Israel?”, VT 28, 1978, 113-118.
M. Weippert, “Menahem von Israel und seine Zeitgenossen in einer Steleninschrift des assyrischen Königs
Tiglatpileser II aus dem Iran”, ZDPV 89, 1973, 26-53.
R. Zadok, “On some non-Semitic names in cuneiform sources”, BF 14, 1979, 294-301.
R. Zadok, “Lexical, onomastic and geographical Notes”, RA 76, 1982, 174-178 [1. kitintu. 2. ¿r §ir§irri. 3. naÃ∞lu.
5. urz¿nu. 6. nūzu. 7. šilipu. 8. Tabal¿ja. 9. turun].
R. Zadok, “Historical and onomastic notes”, WO 9, 1977, 35-56 [4. On some Syro-Palestinian names in
Neo-Assyrian transcription].
R. Zadok, “Addenda to ‘Historical and onomastic notes’”, WO 9, 1978, 240-241.
R. Zadok, “Assyro-Babylonian lexical and onomastic notes”, BiOr 41, 1984, 33-46 [I. Some Non-Akkadian Words
in NA and N/LB Sources. II. West Semitic Names in Recently Published N/LB Documents. III. A preliminary
Linguitic Analysis of Some N/LB Toponyms. IV. Some Non-Semitic Names in Assyro-Babylonian Sources].
R. Zadok, “Lexical and Onomastic Notes”, OA 22, 1983, 217-220 [1. abistatu. 2. midiprasu/midparasu. 3. la≠ar.
5. Kur(?)-ri-il-lu-su. 6. Pu-ul-me-nu-ú-su].
R. Zadok, “Egyptians in Babylonia and Elam during the lst millennium B.C.”, LingAeg 2, 1992, 139-146.
R. Zadok, On the Onomastics and Topography of the Fertile Crecent”, in Fs. Weinfeld, pp. 321-335.
R. Zadok, “West Semites in Administrative and Epistolary Documents from Northern and Central Babylonia”, in
Fs. Moussaieff, pp. 255-271.

58
2.12.1.3 Gentilitial ames

A. Altman, “Hwr´tw hr´šwnyt šl hšm h´mwry/Amurrû (byrwrym bnws’’ h’mwrym)” [The original meaning of the
name Amurrû], in Fs. Kutscher, pp. 76-102.
M. Anbar, “Les sakbû et les bazah,_tum à Mari”, UF 6, 1974, 439-441.
M. Anbar, “ïanûm: Nom ethnique ou nom générique”, in Fs. Klein, pp. 446-461.
J.A. Brinkman, J.A., “The Akkadian words for ‘Ionia’ and ‘Ionian’”, in Fs. Schoder, pp. 53-71 [Ya/¿wan(u/a/i),
Ya/¿w(a)naya].
G. Buccellati, “Apira and Munnabtutu: the stateless of the first cosmopolitan age”, JES 36, 1977, 145-147.
G. Dossin, “Une mention de Canaanéens dans une lettre de Mari », Syria 50, 1973, 277-282.
B.R. Foster, “Ethnicity and onomastics in Sargonic Mesopotamia”, Or 51, 1982, 297-354.
P. Fronzaroli, “L’ordinamento gentilizio semitico e i testi di Mari”, AGI 45, 1960, 37-60, 127-149.
M. Herles, “Zur geographische Einordnung der aḫlamû – eine Bestandsaufnahme”, AfO 34, 2007, 319-341.
M. Heltzer, “The Galgûla Family in South Judah and the Local Sanctuaries”, AfO 34, 2007, 164-167.
G. Komoróczy, “Umm¿n-Manda”, AAntH 25, 1977, 43-67.
M. Müller, “Ethnic Approach to Akkadian: The Egyptian Case”, in RAI XLVIII, pp. 211-221.
M.A. Powell, “Der neubabylonische Familienname Ašgandu und die Urkundengruppe Nbn 314, TCL XII, 122,
Nbn 668”, AROR 40, 1972, 124-129.
C. Saporetti, Assur 14446: la famiglia A. Ascesa e declino di persone e famiglie all'inizio del medio regno assiro, I
(Cybernetica Mesopotamica, Data Sets: Cun. Texts 1), Malibu 1979.

2.12.2 Toponymy

A. Altman, “Some controversial toponyms from the Amurru region in the Amarna Archive”, ZDPV 94, 1978, 99-
107.
M. Astour, “Mesopotamian and Transtigridian place names in the NMedinet Habu lists fo Ramses III”, JARORS
88, 1968 [1969] 733-752.
Astour, M., “Note toponymique à la tablette A. 1270 de Mari”, RA 67, 1973, 73-75 [On the originally Harrian
toponymes Mu-zu-un-ni-im and ïa-za-za-ar].
J. Belmonte, Die Orts- und Gewässernamen der Texte aus Syrien im 2. Jt. V. Chr. (Repertoire Géographique des
Textes Cunéiformes, 12/2), Wiesbaden 2001.
P.R. Berger, “Zur Bedeutung des in den akkadischen Texten aus Ugarit bezeugten Ortsnamens Hilu (hl)”, UF 2,
1970, 340-346 (à suivre).
J.A. Brinkman, J.A., “The Akkadian words for ‘Ionia’ and ‘Ionian’“, in Fs. Schoder, pp. 53-71 [Ya/¿wan(u/a/i),
Ya/¿w(a)naya].
St. Dalley, “Babylon as a Name for Other Cities Including Nineveh”, in RAI LI, pp. 25-33.
K. de Graef, “Anather Brick in the Wall. Dūrum in the Old-Elamite Susa Texts”, Akkadica 128, 2007, 85-98.
J.-M. Durand, “Les anciens de Talhayûm”, RA 82, 1988, 97-113.
J.-M. Durand, “L'emploi des toponymes dans l'onomastique d'époque amorite (I): les noms en mut-”, SEL 8, 1991,
81-97.
A. Fadhil, Studien zur Topographie und Prosopographie der Provinzstädte des Königsreichs Arraphe. Fünfzig
ausgewählte Uru-Toponyme (Baghdader Mitteilungen 2), Mainz am Rhein 1983.
M. Fornalini, “Dall’Alto Habur alle montagne dell’Anatolia den II millenio A.C. Note sulla geografía storica de
una una regione poco conosciuta”, in RAI XLVI, pp. 405-425.
J. Elayi, “Terminilogie de la Mer Méditerranée dans les Annales assyriennes”, OA 23, 1984, 75-92.
59
J.J. Finkelstein, “Mesopotamia”, JNES 21, 1962, 73-92 [2. The city of Tadanne. 3. M¿t B∞r∞tim. 4. b∞r∞tim and
ebirtim. 5. The West Semitic names form ‘Mesopotamia’]
D.R. Frayne, The early dynastic list of geographical names, New Haven CT 1992 [rev.: BiOr 53/1-2, 1996,
110-113 (K. Kessler)].
B. Groneberg, Die Orts- und Gewässernamen der altbabylonischen Zeit (Répertoire géographique des textes
cunéiformes III. Beihefte zum Tübinger Atlar des Vorderen Orients, Reihe B, 7/3), Wiesbaden 1980 [rev.: BiOr
39, 1982, 137-141 (J.M. Sasson)].
M. Guichard, “Musilân(um)/Musalânum, une ville des marches du Yapṭur”, ABU 2006, nº 35.
M. Guichard, “Sur l’identification du Sârum, affluent du Habur et son implication sur la géographie politique du
Haut-Habur au temps de AimrîlLîm”, ABU 2006, nº 36.
M. Guichard, « Les rois de Tarmanni(we) », ABU 2007, nº 57.
R. Harris, “Notes on the nomenclature of Old Babylonian Sippar”, JCS 24, 1972, 102-104.
F.Joannès, “La localisation de S,.urru à l'époque néo-babylonienne”, Semitica 32, 1982, 35-43.
D. Katz, “Enki and Ninhursaḡa, part one: the story of Dilmun”, BO 64, 2007, 568-
A. Millet Albà, “La localisation des territoirs benjaminites du royaume de Mari”, in RAI XLVI, pp. 225-234.
N. Na’aman, « The District of Hasua(t)ti », ABU 2007, nº 02.
Kh. Nashef, Die Orts- und Gewässernamen der mittelbabylonischen und mittelassyrischen Zeit (Répertoire
géographique des textes cunéiformes V. Beihefte zum Tübinger Atlar des Vorderen Orients, Reihe B 7),
Wiesbaden 1982 [rev.: Mesopotamia 17, 1982, 158 (C. Saporetti); JARORS 105, 1985, 278 (T. Kwasman);
OLZ 80, 1985, 247-249 (H. Freydank); AfO 32, 1985, 95-101 (J.N. Postgate)].
S. Parpola, eo-Assyrian toponyms (ARORAT 6), Neukirchen-Vluyn 1970 [rev.: BSOAS 34, 1971, 389-390 (J.N.
Postgate); BiOr 29, 1972, 312-314 (J. Oelsner); ZA 62, 1972, 134-137 (R. Borger); JES 31, 1972, 215-220
(A.K. Grayson); GGA 224, 1972, 150-161 (M. Weippert); OA 12, 1973, 79-82 (F.M. Fales)].
G. Pettinato, “Carchemiš-k¿r-Kamiš: le primer attestazione del III millennio”, OA 15, 1976, 11-15.
G. Pettinato, “L’Atlante Geografico del Vicino Oriente attestato ad Ebla e ad Abū êalabikh (I)”, Or 47, 1978, 50-
73.
F. Pintore, “Pat(t)um nelle lettere di Mari”, OA 8, 1969, 265-279.
R. Plöchl, K. Reiter, “Alašija und Alaš ‘Kupfer/Bronze’”, Kadmos 33, 1994, 65-68.
J.N. Postgate, “The place of the šaknu in Assyrian government”, AnatS 30 1980 67-76.
M. Riemschneider, “Sullat und Hanis”, in Fs. Dornseiff, pp. 258-261 [Theonyms flullat and ïanis].
O. Rouault, “Le traitement informatisé des données onomastiques assyriologiques”, in ARES 1, pp. 191-203
[Toponymy].
W.H. van Soldt, “The location of Idu”, ABU 2008, nª 55.
M. Wäfler, “Taddum, Tîdu und Ta’idu(m)/Tâdum”, in Fs. Hrouda, pp.293-314.
Cl. Wilcke, “Kára-kín-naki”, ABU 2006, nº 20.
R. Zadok, “Notes on the historical geograpfy of Mesopotamia and Northen Syria”, Abr-ahrain 27, 1989, 154-
169.
R. Zadok, “The toponymy of the Nippur region during de 1st millennium B.C. within the general framework of the
Mesopotamian toponymy”, WO 12, 1981, 39-69.
R. Zadok, On the Onomastics and Topography of the Fertile Crecent”, in Fs. Weinfeld, pp. 321-335.
R. Zadok, “West Semites in Administrative and Epistolary Documents from Northern and Central Babylonia”, in
Fs. Moussaieff, pp. 255-271.

2.12.3 Calendar/Astronomy

K. Balkan, “The Old Assyrian Week”, in Fs. Landsberger, pp. 159-174 [rec.: Or 28, 1959, 301 (A. Pohl)].
60
J. Ben-Dov, W. Horowitz, “The Babylonian Lunar Three in Calendrical Scrolls from Qumaran”, ZA 95, 2005,
104-120.
T. de Jong, “Astronominal dating of the rising star list in MULAPIN”, WZKM 97, 2007, 107-120.
S. Greengus, “The Akkadian calendar at Sippar”, JARORS 107, 1987, 209-229.
M.J.A. Horsnell, “On the Use of Year-Names in Reconstracting the History of the First Dynasty of Babylon”, in
Fs. Grayson, pp. 165-186.
M.J.A. Horsnell, “Why Year-Names? An Exploration into the Reasons for their Use”, Or 72, 2003, 196-203.
J. Koch, eue Untersuchungen zur Topographie des babylonischen Fixsternhimmels, Wiesbaden1989.
R. Labat, “Un calendrier babylonien des travaux, des signes et des mois (séries iqqur îpuš)”, Paris 1965 [rev.: JA
253, 1965, 431-434 (J. Filliozart)].
W.G. Lambert, “Enbilulu and the Calendar”, in Fs. Leichty, pp. 237-241.
R. Lohlker, “Astrologie, die lauteren Brüder, Männliches und Weibliches”, WZKM 97, 2007, 283-288.
F. Malbran-Labat, “Éléments sur la question de l’orientation en Mésopotamie”, GLECS 29-30, 1984-1986, 67-71.
J. Oelsner, “LBAT 1500 : Amurru-Sterne”, ABU 2006, nº 09.
G. Pettinato, “Il calendario semitico del 3. millennio riconstruito sulla base dei testi di Ebla”, OA 16, 1977, 257-
285.
G. Pettinato, “Il calendario di Ebla al tempo del re Ibbi-Sipiš sulla base di TM.75.G.427”, AfO 25, 1974-77, 1-36.
A. Sachs, “A Late Babylonian Star Catalogue”, JCS 6, 1952, 146-150.
R.R. Stieglitz, “The Chaldeo-Babylonian planet names in Hesychius”, in Fs. Ehrman, pp. 443-447.

(Updated 30-IX-2009)

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