Nel Pro Fuser Guide

NELPROF 3.
1
USER’S GUIDE
NELPROF 3.1 USER’S GUIDE
ISBN 952-9773-05-6
Published by
MRTSO AUTOMATION
P.O.Box 310
FIN-00811 HELSINKI
Finland
Copyright 2000 by Metso Automation and the

authors. All rights reserved. No part of this
publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or
by any means electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without
the prior permission of the publisher.
While this information is presented in good faith and

believed to be accurate, Metso Automation does not
guarantee satisfactory results from reliance upon such
information. Nothing contained herein is to be construed as
a warranty or guarantee, express or implied, regarding the
performance, merchantability, fitness or any other matter
with respect to the products, nor as a recommendation to
use any product or process in conflict with any patent.
Metso Automation reserves the right, without notice, to alter
or improve the designs or specifications of the products and
methods described herein.
Produced and printed in Finland by Metso Automation

Helsinki 2000
Nelprof 3.1 user’s guide 3
INDEX
1 NELPROF 3.1 USER’S GUIDE .............................................................................................. 5
1.1 General ............................................................................................................................. 5
1.1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 5
1.1.2 Selection limitations ................................................................................................ 6
1.1.3 System requirements ............................................................................................. 6
1.1.4 Installing Nelprof .................................................................................................... 6
1.1.5 Useful Windows commands ................................................................................... 6
1.2 Nelprof step by step ........................................................................................................ 8
1.2.1 Step 1 - Starting Nelprof ........................................................................................ 8
1.2.2 Step 2 - Creating Project and entering Project properties ..................................... 8
1.2.3 Step 3 - Creating Tag and entering Tag properties ............................................... 8
1.2.4 Step 4 - Entering Input data ................................................................................... 8
1.2.5 Step 5 - Selection ................................................................................................... 8
1.2.6 Step 6 - Analysis .................................................................................................... 9
1.2.7 Step 7 - Saving and loading data ........................................................................ 10
1.2.8 Step 8 - Printing ................................................................................................... 10
1.2.9 Step 9 - New calculation and how to exit the program ........................................ 10
1.3 The Project Tree .............................................................................................................. 10
1.4 Sizing and analysis ......................................................................................................... 12
1.4.1 Liquid and water sizing ........................................................................................ 13
1.4.1.1 Input data for liquid and water sizing ..................................................... 13
1.4.1.2 Results for liquid and water sizing.......................................................... 15
1.4.2 Gas and steam sizing .......................................................................................... 17
1.4.2.1 Input data for gas and steam sizing....................................................... 17
1.4.2.2 Results for gas and steam flow .............................................................. 19
1.4.3 Pulp stock sizing .................................................................................................. 20
1.4.3.1 Input data for Pulp Stock Sizing ............................................................. 20
1.4.3.2 Results for Pulp sizing ............................................................................ 22
1.4.4 2-phase flow sizing .............................................................................................. 23
1.4.4.1 Input data for 2-phase flow sizing .......................................................... 23
1.4.4.2 Results for 2-phase sizing ...................................................................... 26
1.4.5 Actuator sizing ..................................................................................................... 26
1.4.5.1 Actuator sizing input data for rotary valves ............................................ 27
1.4.5.2 Actuator sizing results for rotary valves.................................................. 28
1.4.5.3 Actuator sizing input data for linear valves............................................. 29
1.4.5.4 Actuator sizing results for linear valves .................................................. 30
1.4.6 Sizing Resistors i.e. plates and diffusers ............................................................. 31
1.4.6.1 Defining resistors for liquid flow ............................................................. 31
1.4.6.2 Results for a valve with a resistor for a liquid flow .................................. 32
1.4.6.3 Defining resistors for gaseous flow ........................................................ 33
1.4.6.4 Results for a valve with a resistor for a gaseous flow ............................ 34
1.4.7 Comparing the results of two sizings .................................................................. 35
1.4.8 Flow characteristics and Notes ............................................................................ 35
1.4.8.1 Characteristic curves ............................................................................. 36
1.4.8.2 Noise and notes ..................................................................................... 37
4 Nelprof 3.1 user’s guide
1.5 User settings ...................................................................................................................38

1.5.1 Units ......................................................................................................................38
1.5.1.1 Changing a single unit ........................................................................... 38
1.5.1.2 Setting project units ................................................................................ 39
1.5.2 Language selection for printing ............................................................................41
1.5.3 Setting program properties ..................................................................................41
1.6 File Functions ..................................................................................................................42
1.6.1 Saving data ...........................................................................................................42
1.6.2 Exporting / Importing data ....................................................................................42
1.6.2.1 File export / import .................................................................................. 42
1.6.2.2 Export to Valve Manager......................................................................... 42
1.6.2.3 Export to Bernie ...................................................................................... 43
1.6.3 Opening a database .............................................................................................43
1.6.4 Creating a new database .....................................................................................43
1.6.5 Printing ..................................................................................................................44
1.6.5.1 Printing sizings ........................................................................................ 44
1.6.5.2 Printing a project ..................................................................................... 45
1.6.5.3 Printing ISA Datasheet ............................................................................ 45
1.6.6 Find function .........................................................................................................46
1.7 Tools ................................................................................................................................46
1.7.1 The Fluid database ...............................................................................................46
1.7.1.1 Adding, editing and removing liquids with the Fluid database tool....... 47
1.7.1.2 Adding, editing and removing gases with the Fluid database tool........ 49
1.7.2 Backsizing ............................................................................................................50
1.7.3 Tightness calculation ............................................................................................51
1.7.4 Pressure drop calculation .....................................................................................53
1.7.5 ISA Datasheet .......................................................................................................55
1.7.6 Flow Control Manual .............................................................................................57
Appendix 1. Valves and actuators included in Nelprof ............................................................. 58
ACTUATORS .........................................................................................................61
Appendix 2. Nelprof load factor for rotary valves ..................................................................... 62
Appendix 3. General control valve selection guidelines ........................................................... 62
Control valve size and flow characteristic .............................................................62
Clean Gas Applications ........................................................................................63
Clean Liquid Applications .....................................................................................63
Pulp Stock Applications ........................................................................................64
Black liquor applications ......................................................................................64
1 NELPROF 3.1 USER’S GUIDE
1.1 General
1.1.1 Introduction
Welcome to the Metso Automation Control Valve Sizing and Selection program Nelprof
Version 3.1. Nelprof Version 3.1 is a control valve selection expert system. In addition
to the calculation equations, it also includes expertise in the interpretation of results. It
analyses selections and gives selection advice.
Version 3.1 includes the technical selection from a flow and control point of view. Selec-
tion is based on features such as installed flow characteristics, cavitation and noise.
Technical issues relating to materials and strength are not included.
The features of Version 3.1 are:

• Sizing of valve and actuator plus diffuser and similar attenuation components.
• Automatic selection of valve size and actuator size from a flow and control point
of view.
• Static analysis tools i.e. flow characteristic curves, noise, etc.
• Backsizing enabling inverse sizing.
• Tightness calculation for leakage estimation
• Expert system and help functions to assist in selection and interpretation of the
results.
• Flow Control Manual in electronic form inside the program.
• ISA data sheet tool.
• A fluid database tool for adding new liquids and gases.
• Pressure drop calculation
• Internet connection
1.1.2 Selection limitations
Selection is limited to flow and control. The user checks the following aspects of selec-
tion:
• Temperature
• Pressure drop
• Materials
• Construction
• Commercial aspects
• Valve + actuator connection suitability
Checking of the valve construction i.e. bearings, seats, gland packings is left to the
user.
1.1.3 System requirements
Before using Nelprof 3.1 you should have the MS Windows operating system installed
in your computer. The recommended (minimum) hardware requirements are listed
below:
• 200 MHz
• Pentium processor
• 32 Mb of memory with Win95 or Win98 and 64Mb of memory with WindowsNT
• 54 Mb free hard disk space
1.1.4 Installing Nelprof
To install Nelprof 3.1 insert the CD disk into the CD drive and double click the
setup.exe. This will install Nelprof 3.1. The installation program will guide you through
the different stages of the installation process.
The setup program automatically creates the ‘Nelprof’ program group and icons for the
Nelprof program. You can delete the icons of earlier versions of Nelprof.
1.1.5 Useful Windows commands
You should be familiar with the following mouse and keyboard functions used in Win-
dows and Nelprof:
Using the mouse - Use the mouse to point and the left mouse button to select. A sin-
gle mouse click usually selects an item from the list box and only in some cases can
you double click to select an item from the list and close the current window. Pressing
the right mouse button causes a popup menu (if one exists) to appear. Start the pro-
gram by double clicking the program icon.
Using the keyboard
Using the keyboard - For some functions you can also use the fast key commands,
e.g. Ctrl + item letter.
Common Windows keyboard commands:
Enter Move to next field/row/column (in input grid)

Tab Move to the next field/column
Shift + Tab Move to previous field/column
Esc In a input window means cancel
Some Nelprof keyboard commands:
Ctrl + Shift + C Start sizing
Spacebar Dropdown menu appears in input grid if the cell has one
Arrows Move in the input grid
Ctrl + N Creates a new database and opens the database dialog
Ctrl + O Opens a database selection dialog
Ctrl + S Saves the selected item an it’s sub items
Ctrl + A Saves all changes
Ctrl + Shift + P Adds a new project in the tree
Ctrl + Shift + T Adds a new tag in the tree
Ctrl + Shift + S Adds a new sizing in the tree
Delete Deletes the selected item(s)
Ctrl + F Opens the find tag dialog
Ctrl + P Prints the sizing(s)
Ctrl + Shift + V Exports Installed Curve to Valve Manager
Ctrl + Shift + B Exports Sizing Data(s) to Bernie
Ctrl + Shift + F Exports Sizing Data(s) to File
Ctrl + Shift + I Imports Sizing Data(s) from File
Ctrl + E Exits the program
Ctrl + B Starts Back Sizing calculator
Ctrl + D Opens Fluid Database dialog
Ctrl + T Starts Tightness Calculation
Ctrl + U Starts CV-update
Ctrl + H Opens Help Topics
Ctrl + M Opens Flow Control Manual
For more information about Windows refer to the Windows User's Guide or start the
Windows Tutorial from the Program Manager Help menu.
1.2 Nelprof step by step
1.2.1 Step 1 - Starting Nelprof
Start Nelprof by double clicking on the Nelprof icon or by clicking the Nelprof 3.1 icon in
the start menu. The main Nelprof window appears on the screen.
1.2.2 Step 2 - Creating Project and entering Project properties
To start the sizing you have to first create a Project. You can do this by selecting
File|Add Project from the menu or by clicking the Add Project button in the tool bar.
New project appears to the project tree and you see the Project Properties screen.
Enter the data to the fields. Part of this information will show up in the printouts.
1.2.3 Step 3 - Creating Tag and entering Tag properties
After you have created a project, you have to create a Tag. This can be done by select-
ing File|Add Tag from the menu or by clicking the Add Tag button from the tool bar.
When you add tag, one sizing will appear automatically under the tag.
New Tag appears to the project tree and you see the Tag Properties screen. Enter the
data to the fields. Part of this information will show up in the printouts.
1.2.4 Step 4 - Entering Input data
Select the sizing that you created at the previous step. To enter input data you select
the process fluid: liquid, water, gas, steam, pulp or 2-phase. The corresponding input
screen appears and you fill in the information concerning piping, fluid, flow, valve and
actuator. If you do not want to size an actuator uncheck the Actuator sizing checkbox.
You can proceed forward from field to field by pressing Tab, Enter, Arrow or by using the
mouse. The program will warn you if information is missing or if values are out of limits.
1.2.5 Step 5 - Selection
After all required input data have been entered, selection is performed by clicking the
button CALCULATE or by selecting File|Calculate from the menu.
When using automatic valve size selection, the size is selected according to flow and
control. Openings, noise, flow velocity, flow characteristics, cavitation etc. are evaluated
in the selection. Specify the valve size when entering input data to perform manual
valve sizing.
Actuator size is selected according to opening/closing torque and also control torque.
In control the actuator is sized to obtain a certain amount of extra power for satisfactory
control performance. Specify the actuator size and for spring return actuators also the
spring rating to perform manual selection.
1.2.6 Step 6 - Analysis
After calculation the valve appears in the Result box. The actual analysis can be per-
formed through the tabs located under the tool bar. The following analysis functions are
available:
Tab Analysis function

Fast • Valve sizing results, e.g. openings, noise etc.
sizing • Actuator sizing results, e.g. torque required for control, load factors etc.
Noise • Noise level as a function of valve travel for the installed valve.
and • Notes and warnings concerning selection.
notes • Remark about the sizing can be written here. The first three rows will
be printed.
Charac- • Inherent curve: Cv curve of the valve.
teristics • Installed flow characteristics: Flow as a function of valve travel for a
curves valve installed in process.
• Installed Gain: Slope of installed flow characteristics.
• Installed pressure level: Upstream and downstream pressures as func-
tions of valve travel.
If you want to compare the results of two different kind of valves this can be done by
using the Comparison tab. Select the Comparison tab and then by clicking the tags that
you want to compare from the Project tree, the results of these tags are displayed side
by side on the Comparison tab.
1.2.7 Step 7 - Saving and loading data
You can save all input data to the database by selecting File|Save All from the menu or
by clicking the save all -button on the toolbar. You can save data of sizing/tag/project by
selecting the sizing/tag/project from the tree and clicking the save button on the toolbar
or by selecting File|Save. This will save data of that specified tree item and it’s sub-
items. The input data is saved to the database file with the extension *.mdb.
To loading data, select File|Open Database from the menu or use the project tree to
open your file.
1.2.8 Step 8 - Printing
You can print the currently open sizing by selecting File|Print or by pressing the print
button on the toolbar. If you want to print all the sizings in one project, select the project
to be printed from the tree and select File|Print.
If you have problems in printing, make sure all connections are correct and use the
printer setup to define the printer and printer defaults
1.2.9 Step 9 - New calculation and how to exit the program
New calculation can be started by pressing the Add sizing button from the tool bar or
from menu, select File|Add sizing. If you do not want to save the old sizing you can
type over the old input data.
To exit Nelprof, select File|Exit from the menu. If any data have been changed, Nelprof
will ask if you want to save them.
1.3 The Project Tree
By using the project tree you can create, rename, delete, copy, move, find and print
tree items. The Project tree is located on the left-hand side of the user interface.
Figure 1. The Project Tree.
On the top of the project tree lies the name of your active database. Under the data-
base are the projects and under these the tags. One project can include several tags.
Under each tag you have the sizing. Every tag can include several sizings.
To view a Project, click the project name. After this you can see the tags that the
project includes. You can see also the Project properties screen in the Nelprof window.
To view a Tag, click the tag name. After this you can see the sizings that the tag
includes. You can see also the Tag properties screen in the Nelprof window.
To view a Sizing, click the sizing name. After this you can see the sizing input/output
data on your Nelprof window.
To Create a new project, tag or sizing, select from the project tree the place where you
want to place the new object and choose File|Add Project, Tag or Sizing from the menu
or, click the Add Project
Add Tag
or Add Sizing
button in the toolbar.

To Rename a project, tag or sizing, double click the name that you want to change.
After this you can edit the name. Press enter to accept the new name.
To Delete a project, tag or sizing, select the object that you want to delete and press
the delete button
in the toolbar. The object will be deleted permanently.
To make a Copy of one sizing or tag under the same project or tag, select the object
you want to copy and click the copy
If you want to copy one Tag or Sizing under a different Project or Tag than the original
one you can do by clicking the right mouse button and selection cut or copy on the item
you want to copy or cut. Place the cursor on the item you want the copied item to be
copied to and select it. Right click the mouse and select Paste from the popup window
and the item is added.
To Move a Tag or Sizing to a different place you can use the this copy/cut technique.
Note that only proses and valve data are beeing copied, not the curves or the results.
To Print a sizing, just select it from the Project tree and click the print button in the tool-
bar
If you want to select more than one Project, Tag or Sizing, keep the Ctrl button from
your keyboard pressed as you do the selections..
1.4 Sizing and analysis
Automatic valve size selection is based only on flow and control. Selection considers
topics such as valve opening, noise level, flow velocities, cavitation for liquids and flow
characteristics. The program does not consider special features of fluids and pro-
cesses. It is very important to study the general suitability of the valve separately for
each application.
To start sizing a valve, add new project by creating new project, select File|Add
project or press Add project button from the tool bar. After this create new tag and siz-
ing by selecting File|Add sizing from the menu or press Add sizing button on the tool
bar. Then select your process fluid: liquid, water, gas, steam, pulp or 2-phase by press-
ing the appropriate button. Then enter input data.
After calculation, the actual analysis can be performed through the tabs located under
the toolbar. After selection of one or more control valves, you can select one or two for
simultaneous analysis. Select the Comparison tab and then click the tags that you want
to compare from the Project tree. The results of these tags are displayed side by side
on the Comparison tab.
1.4.1 Liquid and water sizing
1.4.1.1 Input data for liquid and water sizing

You can select liquid or water sizing by pressing the appropriate button on the input
data window. When sizing for liquid and water flow you enter data as shown in the next
figure. Certain information will appear automatically.
Figure 2. Input data for liquid and water sizing.
Changing the units, see chapter 1.5 on User settings
(1) Process fluid selection. Free description of the fluid can be entered in the lower
line.
(2) Spec grav. Specific gravity (not included in water sizing). Enter either Spec grav-
ity or Density.
(3) Density. (not included in water sizing). If neither (6) nor (7) is entered, the spe-
cific gravity for water is used in the calculation. One can enter either Spec gravity
or Density.
(4) Crit press. Critical pressure. If not entered, the critical pressure for water is used
in the calculation.
(5) Viscosity. If entered, Nelprof will check for nonturbulent flow conditions and cor-
rect the calculations if necessary. See more details in the Flow Control Manual.
(6) DPm. The process pressure ratio factor. This is needed for installed flow charac-
teristics and gain calculation. DPm defines the portion of the total system pres-
sure losses as taken by the control valve at maximum flow rate. The default
value for liquid flow is 0.3 (30% of total pressure loss is taken by the valve and
70% by the piping and pipe components). DPm is not needed if two or more flow
cases are given. Look for more details in the Flow Control Manual.
(7) Inlet dia. Nominal diameter of the upstream pipeline.
(8) Outlet dia. If not entered, the nominal diameter of the downstream pipeline is
assumed to be the same as the inlet diameter.
(9) Thickness. Pipe Wall Thickness. Enter either Thickness or Schedule.
(10) Schedule. Piping schedule number. If either (3) or (4) is not entered, then Sch
40 will appear as the default value. Needed only for noise calculation. Enter
either Thickness or Schedule.
(11) Flow Rate. Flow rates for four different flow conditions can be entered.
(12) Inlet Temp. Temperature at upstream conditions.
(13) Inlet Press. Pressure at upstream conditions.
(14) Press Diff. Differential pressure across the valve with corresponding flow rate.
The value must be lower than the given upstream pressure. Enter either pres-
sure differential or outlet pressure.
(15) Outlet press. Outlet pressure of the valve. Enter either pressure differential or
outlet pressure.
(16) Vap Press. Vapour pressure. Provided automatically for liquids included in Nel-
prof. The value that Nelprof provides can be replaced by the user’s own value by
typing over the default value. Vapour pressure of the liquid at upstream temper-
atures. A careful search for real vapour pressure is recommended, as this infor-
mation is needed in cavitation and flashing flow calculations.
(17) Valve. By pressing this button you can open a valve type selection dialog. Valve
type can be selected from here or by using fields 18, 19 and 20.
(18) Type. Select valve type from the list.
(19) Press rating. Pressure rating required. Select rating from the list.
(20) Code. Select valve code from the list.
(21) Size. Valve nominal size/reduction. Will be automatically selected when autom
appears instead of size.
1.4.1.2 Results for liquid and water sizing
Figure 3. Results for liquid and water sizing
Max capacity The maximum flow capacity of the chosen control valve, taking into
account piping reducers.
Req capacity The calculated capacity needed for flow conditions specified in the
same column.
Travel The opening as a percentage of full travel, excluding initial opening.
The initial opening is the travel before the flow starts.
Opening The opening in degrees for rotary valves, including initial opening.
Noise Predicted sound pressure level based on the VDMA 24422 (May
1979) standard. A high noise level for liquid flow is a good indication
of a high cavitation level. Q-Trim, Flash-Flo or similar low-recovery
valves are recommended in case of high noise levels. The maximum
recommended hydrodynamic noise levels in valves calculated with
non-insulated schedule 40 piping are:
- 80 dB(A) for valve sizes up to 80 mm (3”) size
- 85 dB(A) for valve sizes 100-150 mm (4”-6”) size
- 95 dB(A) for valve sizes 400 mm (16”) and larger size
Flow velocity The flow velocity at the valve inlet. The maximum recommended
valve inlet velocities are
Continuous duty
- Butterfly valves 7 m/s, 23 ft/s.
- Cage-guided globe valves 15 m/s, 50 ft/s.
- All other valves 10 m/s, 32 ft/s.
Infrequent Duty
- Butterfly valves 8.5 m/s, 27 ft/s.
Terminal dp Whenever the differential pressure is higher than the terminal pres-
sure drop the valve will experience, or undergo high intensities of
cavitation. The use of Q-Trim or Flash-Flo type trims is recommended
to avoid cavitation problems. In case of flashing-flow conditions the
terminal pressure drop is not significant.
Fl coeff The pressure recovery factor of the valve with this particular opening.
1.4.2 Gas and steam sizing
1.4.2.1 Input data for gas and steam sizing

When sizing for gas and steam flow the data should be entered as shown in the next
figure. Some of the information will appear automatically.
Figure 4. Input data for gas and steam flow
Changing the units, see chapter 1.5 User settings
line.
(2) Spec grav. Specific gravity. Enter either Spec gravity or Density.
(3) Mol weight. Molecular weight (not included in steam sizing). If neither (1) nor (2)
is entered, the upstream density must be entered instead of compressibility (12).
Enter either Spec gravity or Density.
(4) Spec heats. Ratio of Specific Heats. If not entered the value 1.4 fof air is used.
For steam sizing 1.3 will appear automatically.
teristics and gain calculation. DPm defines the portion of the total system pres-
sure difference or outlet pressure.
(14) Outlet press. Outlet pressure of the valve. Enter either press difference or outlet
press.
(15) Compress or Upstream Density. Compressibility is provided automatically for

the gasses included in Nelprof. The value that Nelprof provides can be replaced
by the user’s own value by typing over the default value. Upstream density is pro-
vided automatically in steam sizing.
type can be selected from here or by using the fields 18, 19 and 20.
1.4.2.2 Results for gas and steam flow
Figure 5. Results for gas and steam sizing.
same column.
Travel The opening as a percentage of full travel, excluding the initial open-
ing. The initial opening is the travel before the flow starts.
Opening The opening in degrees for rotary valves, including the initial open-
ing.
1979) standard. Q-Trim or similar low-noise valves are recommended
for high noise levels. In most countries 85 dB(A) is the maximum per-
mitted noise level. A noise level higher than 110 dB(A) will subject
piping and equipment to possible vibration damage. Downstream
resistors such as diffusers and A-plates can be used to reduce the
noise level.
Flow velocity Flow velocity at the valve outlet. The maximum recommended valve
outlet velocities are
- 0.5 Mach for continuous control
- 0.7 Mach for infrequent duty, e.g. flaring and blowoff
Xt coeff The valve pressure drop ratio factor with this particular opening.
Defined according to standards IEC534 and ISA S75.
1.4.3 Pulp stock sizing
In pulp flow sizing the input information is almost the same as in liquid flow sizing. The
difference is in fluid description, in which you specify the stock type and also consis-
tency.
1.4.3.1 Input data for Pulp Stock Sizing

When sizing for pulp flow the data is entered as shown in the next figure. Compared
with water sizing, the differences are in fluid description and consistency.
Figure 6. Input data for pulp stock sizing.
Changing the units, see chapter 1.5 User settings
line.
(2) Consist %. The consistency of the pulp stock. More details of calculation are
given in the Flow Control Manual.
(3) Crit press. Critical pressure. If not entered, the critical pressure for water is used
in the calculation.
teristics and gain calculation. DPm defines the number of the total system pres-
The value must be lower than the given upstream pressure. Enter either press
differential or outlet press.
outlet pressure.
type can be selected from here or by using the fields 18, 19 and 20.
1.4.3.2 Results for Pulp sizing
Figure 7. Results for liquid and water sizing.
same column.
ing. The initial opening is the area where the seat and closing mem-
ber overlap.
ing.
1979) standard. A high noise level for liquid flow is a good indication
of a high cavitation level. Q-Trim, Flash-Flo or similar low-recovery
valves are recommended in case of high noise levels. The maximum
recommended hydrodynamic noise levels in valves calculated with
non-insulated schedule 40 piping are:
- 80 dB(A) for valve sizes up to 80 mm (3”) size
- 95 dB(A) for valve sizes 400 mm (16”) and larger size
Note Q-trim can be used up to 4% pulp consistency.
Flow velocity The flow velocity at valve inlet. The maximum recommended valve
inlet velocities are
Continuous duty
- Butterfly valves 7 m/s, 23 ft/s.
Infrequent Duty
- Butterfly valves 8.5 m/s, 27 ft/s.
Fl coeff The pressure recovery factor of the valve with this particular opening.
1.4.4 2-phase flow sizing
This calculation allows you to size valves for liquid + gas and liquid + vapour mixtures.
Consider the results of liquid + vapour calculation very carefully. The calculation meth-
ods are the best available, but the behaviour of a saturated liquid + vapour mixture is
very difficult to predict. The method used provides very accurate results when the per-
centage of vapour in the fluid is high. The error increases as the percentage of vapour
in the fluid decreases. You can find more detailed information on calculation in the Flow
Control Manual.
1.4.4.1 Input data for 2-phase flow sizing

When sizing for 2-phase flow you can enter data as shown in the next figure.
Figure 8. Input data for 2-phase flow sizing.
(1) Process fluid selection, liquid.
(2) Process fluid selection, gas or vapour.
(3) L spec grav. Specific gravity of the liquid component.
(4) Density. If neither (6) nor (7) is entered, the specific gravity for water is used in
the calculation. Enter either Spec gravity or Density.
(5) Crit press. Critical pressure of the liquid. If not entered, the critical pressure for
water is used in the calculation.
(6) G spec grav. Specific gravity of the gaseous component.
(7) Mol weight. If neither (1) nor (2) is entered, the upstream density must be
entered instead of compressibility (12). Enter either Specific gravity or Density.
(8) Spec heats. Ratio of Specific Heats. If not entered, the value of air is used. For
steam sizing 1.3 will appear automatically.
(13) Gas Flow. The flow rate of the gaseous component for four different flow condi-
tions can be entered.
(14) Liq flow. The flow rates of the liquid component for four different flow conditions
can be entered.
sure differential or outlet pressure.
outlet pressure.
(19) Liq vap press. Liquid vapour pressure. Provided automatically for liquids
included in Nelprof. The value that Nelprof provides can be replaced by the users
own value by typing over the default value. Vapour pressure of the liquid at
upstream temperatures. A careful search for real vapour pressure is recom-
mended, as this information is needed in cavitation and flashing flow calcula-
tions.
(20) Gas comp or Gas Upstream. Compressibility or density of the gas component
at upstream conditions. Compressibility is specified when either the specific
gravity or molecular weight is specified. A typical compressibility valve is 1.0.
Upstream density must be given if specific gravity or molecular weight is not
known.
type can be selected from here or by using fields 18, 19 and 20.
1.4.4.2 Results for 2-phase sizing
Figure 9. Results for 2-phase flow sizing.
same column.
ing. The initial opening is the area where the seat and closing mem-
ber overlap.
ing.
Eff density The average density of the liquid + gas mixture.
1.4.5 Actuator sizing
If you want to size a valve without an actuator, uncheck the Actuator sizing checkbox in
the input data screen.
Actuator sizing is based on operation in control as well as the opening/closing of the

valve. In control, the valve torque/thrust is calculated according to the given information
on flow and pressure. In closing/opening, valve torque/thrust is calculated according to
dp Shutoff. Valve-required torque is calculated according to actual dimensions and
friction coefficients, dynamic flow-induced forces are also considered. The valve type
and size as well as the flow conditions are required for actuator sizing.
1.4.5.1 Actuator sizing input data for rotary valves
Figure 10. Actuator sizing input data for rotary valves.
Seat Select valve seat type from the list.

Gland pack Select gland packing type from the list.
Bearings Select valve bearing type from the list. This information is not
required for globe valves.
T-factor Torque/thrust factor. The required valve torque/thrust is multiplied by
this factor. The T-factor can be used for evaluating the effect of fluid,
valve tightness requirements, etc. on the required valve torque/
thrust. The default value for the T-factor is 1.0.
DP shutoff Maximum shutoff pressure against which the valve must open and
close.
Actuator By pressing this button you can open an actuator type selection dia-
log. Actuator type can be selected from here or by using field Code.
Code Select actuator code from the list.
Size Actuator size code. Will be automatically selected when Autom
Supply press Supply pressure of the instrumentation air to the actuator. This
affects selection of the spring for single-acting actuators.
Spring rate Spring rate or stiffness of the spring. Expressed as nominal pressure
of the spring. Select a spring rate equal or lower than the available
supply pressure. Spring rate cannot be selected for linear actuators.
Select the actuator spring when selecting the actuator size manually. The actuator
spring rate is expressed as the nominal spring rate pressure: e.g. BJ, size 20, has three
different spring rate options: 3 barG corresponding to BJK20, 4 barG corresponding to
BJ20 and 5.5 barG corresponding to BJV20. In automatic sizing the program selects
the spring rate according to the available supply pressure.
1.4.5.2 Actuator sizing results for rotary valves
Figure 11. Actuator sizing results for rotary valves.
To open Torque required to begin opening the valve. Breakaway torque for
eccentric valves and friction torque for concentric valves. Calculated
with dp Shutoff.
Opening LF Opening load factor. Load factor is the required torque divided by the
available torque. A value of 62 means that 62% of the torque given
by the actuator output torque is needed to open the valve. The open-
ing load factor should be below 90 to allow some safety margin in the
selection.
Control open The torque required in modulating the control when increasing open-
ing. Equals the friction torque + dynamic torque. Dynamic torque
tends to close or open the valve, depending on the type of valve. Cal-
culated with control flow conditions.
Ctrl open LF Control to open load factor. Load factor is the required torque divided
by the available torque. A value of 28 means that 28% of the actuator
output torque is needed to slightly increase the opening of the valve.
The control to open load factor should be below 60 for high-friction
valves; for low-friction valves it can be slightly higher. Extra torque in
modulating the control is needed to allow smooth, stiction-free con-
trol.
Control The torque required in modulating the control when decreasing
close opening. Equals the friction torque - dynamic torque. Dynamic torque
tends to close or open the valve, depending on the type of the valve.
Calculated with control flow conditions.
Ctrl close LF Control to open load factor. Load factor is the required torque divided
by the available torque. A value of 25 means that 25% of the actuator
output torque is needed to slightly decrease the opening of the valve.
The control to close load factor should be below 60 for high-friction
valves; for low-friction valves it can be slightly higher. Extra torque in
modulating the control is needed to allow smooth stiction-free con-
trol.
To Close The torque required to fully close the valve. For eccentric valves this
is the torque needed to attain tightness; for concentric valves it is the
friction torque. Calculated with dp Shutoff.
Closing LF Closing load factor. Load factor is the required torque divided by the
available torque. A value of 62 means that 62% of the torque given
by the actuator output torque is needed to close the valve. The clos-
ing load factor should be below 90 to allow some safety margin in the
selection.
1.4.5.3 Actuator sizing input data for linear valves
Figure 12. Actuator sizing input data for linear valves.
Seat Select valve seat type from the list.

Gland pack Select gland packing type from the list.
Bearings Select valve bearing type from the list. This information is not
required for globe valves.
T-factor Torque/thrust factor. The required valve torque/thrust is multiplied by
this factor. The T-factor can be used for evaluating the effect of fluid,
valve tightness requirements, etc. on the required valve torque/
thrust. The default value for the T-factor is 1.0.
DP shutoff Maximum shutoff pressure against which the valve must open and
close.
Actuator By pressing this button you can open an actuator type selection dia-
log. Actuator type can be selected from here or by using the field
Code.
Code Actuator code. Select actuator code from the list.

Size Actuator size. Select actuator size from the list.
Supply press Supply pressure of the instrumentation air to the actuator. This
affects selection of the spring for single-acting actuators.
Spring rate Not used with linear valves/actuators.
1.4.5.4 Actuator sizing results for linear valves
Figure 13. Actuator sizing results for linear valves.
Open/close Required Open/Close Thrust. The thrust required to begin opening

the valve, breakaway thrust or thrust needed to reseat and attain
tightness, whichever is greater. Calculated with dp Shutoff.
Op/cl LF Open/Close Load Factor. Load factor is the required thrust divided by
the available thrust. A value of 27 means that 27% of the actuator
output is needed to open or close the valve.
Control Required Control Thrust. The thrust required in modulating the con-
trol. Calculated with control flow conditions.
Control LF Load factor is the required torque divided by the available torque. A
value of 12 means that 12% of the actuator thrust is needed in mod-
ulating the control.
1.4.6 Sizing Resistors i.e. plates and diffusers
Automatic valve size selection is not available for diffuser and plate sizing. Resistor siz-
ing is not available for 2-phase flow. You specify the nominal size of the valve in the
Size field. To define a resistor, click the Resistors button.
1.4.6.1 Defining resistors for liquid flow

After you have clicked the Resistors button the following window appears:
Figure 14. Liquid resistor defining window.
When selecting one of the plate options available you also specify the required size as
well as the New Valve dp. The new valve pressure differential defines that portion of
the original pressure differential that is allocated to the control valve. The remainder is
for the plate. The plate-effective flow area is defined according to this information. The
permitted sizes for plates are the sizes between the nominal valve diameter and the
downstream pipe diameter.
For liquid flow, select the following options:
The Liquid Baffle Plate is a flat baffle plate with straight holes. The hole number and
diameter are altered case by case to fit the specified conditions exactly. The baffle plate
is usually installed downstream of the valve.
Orifice Plate, Downstream. The orifice plate is a simple single-hole plate used in flow
rate measurement. When installed downstream it increases the downstream pressure
of the valve itself.
Orifice Plate, Upstream. When installed upstream it decreases the upstream pressure
of the control valve.
After you have specified the resistor, press the OK button. After this the valve can be
sized by pressing the Calculate button on the sizing screen. If you want to size the
valve without the resistor, just uncheck the Resistors check box.
1.4.6.2 Results for a valve with a resistor for a liquid flow

When you size a valve with a resistor there will be some additional information on the
results.
Figure 15. Results for a valve with a resistor for liquid flow.
The max capacity, req capacity, travel, opening, noise, flow velocity terminal dp
and Fl coeff are the same as for normal liquid sizing (see results for liquid and water
sizing).
Plate area Plate area is the plate’s effective flow area, i.e., portion of the hole
from the whole plate.
New dp New dp is the valve new dp. When the resistor is selected, part of the
pressure drop designated to the valve will go to the resistor. New dp
will show how much is left for the valve.
1.4.6.3 Defining resistors for gaseous flow

After you have clicked the Resistors button the following window appears:
Figure 16. Gas resistor defining window.
When selecting one of the plate options available you also specify the required size or
the New Valve dp. The new valve pressure differential defines that portion of the origi-
nal pressure differential that is allocated to the control valve. The remainder is for the
plate. The plate-effective flow area is defined according to this information. The permit-
ted sizes for plates are the sizes between the nominal valve diameter and the down-
stream pipe diameter.
For gaseous flow, select the following options:
1-Stage Diffuser. The 1-stage diffuser is always installed downstream of the valve. You
must also specify the New Valve dp. The new valve pressure differential defines that
portion of the original pressure differential allocated to the control valve, the remainder
is for the diffuser. A default value is always shown. Diffusers are made case by case
such that the new valve dp affects the number of holes in the diffuser tube.
2-Stage Diffuser. The 2-stage diffuser gives lower noise levels than a single-stage dif-
fuser.
Attenuator Plate. The attenuator plate has specific hole geometry to achieve better
noise-reduction capability than that achieved with just simple straight holes. To make
an attenuator plate sizing calculation, select the size of the plate. The permitted sizes
are those between the nominal valve diameter and downstream pipe diameter.
After you have specified the resistor, press the OK button. After this the valve can be
sized by pressing the Calculate button on the sizing screen. If you want to size the
valve without the resistor, just uncheck the Resistors check box.
1.4.6.4 Results for a valve with a resistor for a gaseous flow

When you size a valve with a resistor there will be some additional information in the
results.
Figure 17. Results for a valve with a resistor for gas flow.
Min outlet pipe The minimum outlet pipe diameter for diffusers.
New dp New dp is the valve new dp. When the resistor is selected, part of
the pressure drop designated to the valve will go to the resistor.
New dp will show how much is left for the valve.
1.4.7 Comparing the results of two sizings
The Comparison tab can be used to compare the sizing results of two sizings. First
select the sizing from the project tree that you want to compare. Then select the com-
parison tab. Now by clicking from the project tree you can select different sizings for
comparison. See picture.
Figure 18. Comparing the two sizings.
1.4.8 Flow characteristics and Notes
The flow characteristics of an installed control valve are discussed in detail in the Flow
Control Manual. The main principle is to approximate the performance throughout the
entire opening range for defined upstream and downstream pressure changes as func-
tions of the flow rate. The pressure changes are calculated as second-degree polyno-
mials, if two or three flow cases are given. If only one flow case is given, the pressures
are approximated with the DPm factor. There are some situations in which Nelprof can-
not calculate the installed flow characteristic curves:
• If there are no suitable valves for the application.

• Viscosity is given for liquid flow
• Two flow cases with the same flow rate
• Upstream pressure increases with increasing flow or downstream pressure
decreases with increasing flow
• 2-phase flow
1.4.8.1 Characteristic curves

The Characteristic curves can be observed by selecting the Characteristic curves tab.
See the picture below.
Figure 19. The characteristic curves.
Inherent Flow Characteristics. The inherent flow characteristics is the relative Cv

curve of the valve. The inherent flow characteristic is always available and can be
printed even when the installed flow characteristic cannot.
Installed Flow Characteristics. The installed flow characteristics is the relative flow
rate through an installed valve. The installed flow characteristic describes the perfor-
mance of the valve under actual conditions.
Installed Gain. Installed gain describes the slope of the installed flow characteristic
curve. Valve controllability and accuracy can be determined by means of the valve gain
curve. Details on analysis can be found in the Flow Control Manual.
Installed Pressure Level. The installed pressure level graph presents the upstream
and downstream pressures as functions of the relative valve opening. These curves
are defined by selection of the DPm factor, or in multiple-flow cases the pressures are
fitted to flow data as second-degree polynomials.
1.4.8.2 Noise and notes

The Noise curve and notes can be observed by selecting the Noise and Notes tab.
See the picture below.
Figure 20. Installed Noise Curve & Notes and Warnings.
Installed Noise. The installed noise curve gives the calculated noise levels throughout
opening of the valve.
Notes and Warnings:
• Notes and warnings are shown for the selected valves.

• Although a warning is a sign of more severe problems, both warnings and notes
should be taken into account when the valve is selected.
• Selecting a note or a warning with the mouse will open the explanation system.
A short description of the note or warning background is included in the explana-
tion system. The explanation comprises theory, problem and solutions sections.
• For some of the notes there are references to the Flow Control Manual. Clicking
a reference once will open the Flow Control Manual at the corresponding page.
1.5 User settings
1.5.1 Units
For all input data there are several possible unit selection options.
1.5.1.1 Changing a single unit

You can change any unit in the input or output grid. Simply click the unit field to access
a list of possible units. Select the unit that you want. See the picture below.
Figure 21. Changing a unit for flow rate.
Nelprof will ask if you want to convert the old value to new unit. Select yes or no.
1.5.1.2 Setting project units

'You can set units for one project by selecting that project from the Project Tree. Now
you will see the Project Properties screen. In the lower left corner you will find the Set
Project Units button and Set Project Parameters button. See the following picture.
Figure 22. Set Project Units and Set Project Parameters options can be found from
Project properties screen.
After pressing the button Set Project Units following window appears.
Figure 23. Setting project units.
Set the units as you want and press OK. Pressing the SI or US buttons will reset the SI
or US units. The units will be valid in new sizings only. The units of existing sizings
won’t change.
After pressing the button Set Project Parameters following window appears.
Set the supply pressure valid for the project. Set the default medium type and medium
description. Popout menus will appear when clicking the fields. The units of existing siz-
ings won't change.
1.5.2 Language selection for printing
You can select the printout language in the printing dialog. Select File|Print or press
the printing button on the toolbar. A printing dialog will appear, see below.
Figure 24. Printing dialog.
From the lower end you can select the printing language. Once you have selected a
language the same language will be used in every sizing that you print with Nelprof. If
you want to change the printing language, simply choose another language. There is
also possibility for print preview on the screen.
Note The screen language is always english even though printing language is been
changed.
1.5.3 Setting program properties
The File | properties… menu opens a dialog box where you can change the user ini-
tials, date display format, choose if a new sizing will be added with every program star-
tup and if you want the unsaved items shown in different color in the project tree. You
can also set the valve torques/thrusts printing format to print only maximum torques. If
this propertie is not selected all the torque/thrust values are printed. Date display for-
mat applies only the dates viewed in the user interface. The printed date format is as it
is used in the selected language.
1.6 File Functions
1.6.1 Saving data
You can save all input data to the database by selecting File|Save All from the menu or
by clicking the save all -button on the toolbar. You can save data of sizing/tag/project by
selecting the sizing/tag/project from the tree and clicking the save button on the toolbar
or by selecting File|Save. This will save data of that specified tree item and it’s sub-
items. The input data is saved to the database file with the extension *.mdb.
1.6.2 Exporting / Importing data
1.6.2.1 File export / import

You can export one (or more) project, tag or sizing to a file. Select the items that you
want to export from the Project tree. By keeping the Ctrl button from the keyboard
pressed you can select several items at the time.
After you have selected the exported items, select File|Export|Sizing Data from File
from the menu or press the right button on your mouse and select Export|Sizing Data
from File from the appearing popup menu. A dialog where you can define a path for
your export file opens. After naming the file select save. Note that the file extension is
*.csv.
You can import one (or more) project, tag or sizing from a file. To open the *.csv file
select File|Import|Sizing Data from File from the menu or press the right button on
your mouse over the project tree and select Import|Sizing Data from File from the
appearing popup menu. A dialog where you can browse directory paths opens. Note
that the file extension is *.csv.
1.6.2.2 Export to Valve Manager

You can export the installed flow curve to Valve Manager. Select the sizing that you
want to export from the Project tree. Then select File|Export|Installed curve to Valve
Manager from the menu. A dialog where you can define a name for your export file
opens. After naming the file select save.
1.6.2.3 Export to Bernie

You can export one (or more) project, tag or sizing to Bernie. Select the items that you
want to export from the project tree. By keeping the Ctrl button from the keyboard
pressed you can select several items at the time.
After you have selected the exported items, select File|Export|Sizing data to Bernie
from the menu. A dialog where you can define a name for your export file opens. After
naming the file select save.
1.6.3 Opening a database
Opening a database can be done by pressing the Open Database button on the toolbar
or selecting File|Open Database from the menu. After this an Open Data Source dialog
appears. If the database that you want to use is already registered, it appears in the
list. Select it and press OK. If the database is not registered you have to register it
before you can use it. This can be done by pressing the New Data Source button in the
Open Data Source dialog. After pressing the New Data Source button:
• ODBC Data Source Administrator dialog opens, select Add

• Create New Data Source dialog opens, select Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)
and press finish
• ODBC Microsoft Access 97 Setup dialog opens. Browse the database you want
to use by selecting Database|Select
• After this you can name your database by writing the name into the Data Source
Name line
• After naming the database, press OK
• ODBC Data Source Administrator dialog opens, select OK
Now the database that you just named should appear in the bottom of the Data Sources
list. If not press the Refresh button. Select the data source name and press OK.
1.6.4 Creating a new database
You can Create a new Database by selecting File|Open Database from the menu. After
this a Save as dialog appears. Name the new database and notice that the file exten-
sion is *.mdb. After this you have to register the new database. This can be done by
pressing the New Data Source button in the Open Data Source dialog. After pressing
the New Data Source button
• ODBC Data Source Administrator dialog opens, select Add

• Create New Data Source dialog opens, select Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)
and press finish
• ODBC Microsoft Access 97 Setup dialog opens. Browse the database you want
to use by selecting Database|Select
• After this you can name your database by writing the name into the Data Source
Name line
• After naming the database, press OK
• ODBC Data Source Administrator dialog opens, select OK
Now the Database that you just named should appear in the bottom of the Data sources
list. If not press the Refresh button. Select the data source name and press OK.
1.6.5 Printing
1.6.5.1 Printing sizings

To Print a Sizing, Tag or project just select from the Project tree the one you want to
print and hit the print button
on the toolbar. A printing dialog will appear.
Figure 25. Printing dialog
From the left list "Select" you can select what you want to print. Selecting the things that
you want to print with your mouse does this. Then by clicking the right arrow (>) button
you can transfer them to the right "Print" list. All the curves will be printed in the same
page. The order that the curves appear in the page is the same as is the order in the
"Print" list. For instance the way that the above example prints out is following:
First page Sizing sheet

Second page Notes and warnings
Third page Curves at the following order:
Noise curve Gain curve
Inherent curve Installed curve
From Printing language list you can choose the language for printings.
If you check the Hide logo checkbox, the Metso Automation logo will not be printed in
the printouts.
If you check the Print Preview checkbox, the sizings are printed in preview dialogs.
Pressing the OK button continues the printing as normal.
When you select OK in the print dialog the sizing will be printed, cancel by selecting
cancel.
NOTE! In the File|properties.. you can set the actuator printing format to only print the
maximum torques / thrusts.
From the Printing language list you can choose the language for printing.
If you check the Preview checkbox you can see the print out on the screen after press-
ing OK button.
When you select OK the sizings will be printed; cancel by selecting cancel.
1.6.5.2 Printing a project

To print one project select the project that you want to print from the project tree. Then
select File|Print from the menu. A printing dialog appears. See Figure 25.
1.6.5.3 Printing ISA Datasheet

To print ISA Datasheet select ISA|Print... from the main menu.
1.6.6 Find function
File| Find.. menu opens a dialog box where you can enter a Tag name to be searched
for. By pressing Ok button the search is executed. If a Tag with given name is found, it
is selected from the tree. If tag with given name is not found a note appears.
The find function searches first the already opened projects and then if the tag is not
found it starts to open and search the not opened projects
1.7 Tools
1.7.1 The Fluid database
With the fluid database tool you can add, edit and remove fluids from the Nelprof fluid
database. These fluids will automatically appear in the Nelprof liquid and gas sizing
fluid list. You can start the Fluid Database Tool from Nelprof by selecting Tools|Fluid
database from the menu.
Figure 26. The Fluid database tool.
The Fluid database contains two tables, one for liquids and one for gases. When you
want to use the liquid database, select the liquid tab. The liquid table includes the fol-
lowing fields:
Liquid properties:
Fluid The fluid description (this shows up on the user interface)

Density The density of the liquid
Critical pressure The critical pressure of the liquid
Molecular weight The molecular weight of the liquid
Temperature 1 + Vapour One vapour pressure point. A temperature and the vapour
pressure Temperature 1 pressure of the liquid at that temperature.
Temperature 2 + Vapour Another vapour pressure point. A temperature (other than
pressure Temperature 2 temperature 1) and the vapour pressure of the liquid at
that temperature.
Molecular formula The molecular formula of the liquid
Heat of evaporation The heat of evaporation of the fluid
When you want to use the gas database, select the gas tab. The gas table includes the
following fields:
Gas properties:
Fluid The fluid description (this shows up at the user interface)

Molecular weight The molecular weight of the gas
Ratio of specific heats The ratio of the specific heat for the gas
Critical pressure The critical pressure of the gas
Critical temperature The critical temperature of the gas
1.7.1.1 Adding, editing and removing liquids with the Fluid database tool
You can add your own liquids to the Nelprof database. You can edit and remove only
those liquids that you have added yourself. The fluids that are already incorporated in
Nelprof cannot be edited or deleted.
To add a liquid, select the liquid tab and press the add button on the Fluid database
dialog. The following dialog will appear:
Figure 27. Add liquid dialog.
The information required in the Obligatory field must be provided to facilitate the valve
sizing. If you want the vapour pressure of the liquid at any temperature to appear auto-
matically when you select this liquid in Nelprof you must also fill the Optional fields
also. When filling in the optional fields, you must provide the Molecular weight and two
vapour pressure points (Temperature 1 + the vapour pressure at Temperature 1 and
Temperature 2 + the vapour pressure at Temperature 2) or the Molecular weight, one
vapour pressure point and the Heat of evaporation of the liquid.
To edit a liquid, select the liquid tab and then select the liquid you want to edit and
press the Edit button in the Fluid database dialog. The following dialog will appear:
Figure 28. Edit liquid dialog.

To change the values just type in the appropriate field.
To delete a liquid, select liquid tab and then select the liquid that you want to delete and
press the Remove button in the Fluid database dialog.
1.7.1.2 Adding, editing and removing gases with the Fluid database tool
You can add your own gases to the Nelprof database. You can edit and remove only
those liquids that you have added yourself. Those fluids that come with Nelprof cannot
be edited or deleted.
To add a gas, select the gas tab and press the add button in the Fluid database dialog.
The following dialog will appear:
Figure 29. Add gas dialog box.
The information required in the Obligatory field must be provided to facilitate the valve
sizing. If you want the compressibility factor of the gas in any temperature/pressure
conditions to appear automatically in Nelprof when you select this gas, you must also
fill in the Optional fields.
To edit a gas, select the gas tab and then select the gas you want to edit and press the
Edit button in the Fluid database dialog. The following dialog will appear:
Figure 30. Edit gas dialog.
To change the values just type in the appropriate field.
To delete a gas, select the gas tab and then select the gas that you want to delete and
press the Remove button in the Fluid database dialog.
1.7.2 Backsizing
Backsizing is a tool that allows you to calculate the required pressure drop based on
the opening/capacity and flow rate of the valve. It is also possible to calculate the flow
rate based on pressure drop and valve opening/capacity. Before you can start using the
Backsizing, the process data must be entered in the sizing screen. To start the Back-
sizing program select Tools|Back sizing from the menu. The following dialog will
appear:
Figure 31. The Backsizing dialog.

The steps in back sizing are
1. First select the flow case (1, 2, 3 or 4) from which you wish to take the process
data (temperature, upstream pressure, etc.).
2. Then select whether you want to base your calculations on valve Relative Travel
or Capacity. Then enter the value for the travel or opening.
3. You must then select according to whether you wish to calculate the flow rate
based on the opening and the pressure differential or the pressure differential
based on the flow rate and the opening. Select the value you want to enter by
checking the appropriate check box. Then enter the value in the field. Leave the
field that you want to calculate empty.
4. After entering all the values, click the Calculate button.
Nelprof will now calculate the missing value. If you want to transfer this value to the
Nelprof sizing data, click the Set Values button. This will transfer the values e.g. pres-
sure differential and flow rate to the case that you selected above at step 1.
Close the Backsizing dialog by clicking the Close button.
1.7.3 Tightness calculation
Tightness calculation is a tool that allows you to calculate what is the maximum allow-
edleakage rate of a valve according to various standards. The standards included are:
• API 598 1996

• ANSI / FCI 70-2 1991
• DIN IEC 534-4 1990
• DIN 3230 Part 3 1982
• ISO 5208 1993
Tightness calculation tool also provides a rough estimation of the leakage in case 1 of
your sizing.
To start the Tightness calculation program select Tools|Tightness calculation from

the menu. The following dialog will appear:
Figure 32. The tightness calculation dialog.
The steps in Tightness calculation are:
1. First select from the first pull down menu the leakage standard that you want to
use.
2. Then select the leakage class that you want to use from the second and third pull
down menus.
3. The test pressure is provided automatically. If you want to change it, just type
over.
Nelprof calculates the leakage range according to the standard. It also calculates an
estimated leakage rate for your medium based on the process values in case 1. You
can print the leakage calculation by clicking the Print button. If you change the test
pressure, click the RECALCULATE button to get updated results.
When the Only Valid For Delivery Tightnesses checkbox is checked only the stan-
dards that are valid delivery tightnesses are displayed. If you uncheck the checkbox,
other standards will also be displayed.
With a 2-Phase sizing case the Water and Air buttons will be active. If you now select
Water the leakage rate will be calculated for water. If you select air, the leakage rate will
be calculated for air. With 2-Phase, Nelprof will not estimate leakage for your process
fluid and process conditions.
1.7.4 Pressure drop calculation
Pressure drop in the pipeline for liquid flows can be estimated with pressure drop cal-
culation tool. The tool can be launched from Nelprof menu selecting Tools | Pressure
Drop Calculation. The Pipe Calculator information dialog appears. In this dialog you
can select the case from which the flow data is copied to the calculator. You also define
the direction you want to calculate the pressure drop to.
• If you know the pressure in the inlet side of the pipe, select calculate pipe down-
stream and give the pipe inlet pressure. The pipe calculator calculates the pres-
sure left over from the piping.
• In the case you need to know what the inlet pressure into the pipeline should be,
select calculate pipe upstream. Pipe calculator adds the pressure losses
together.
Press Start to start the Calculator.
Pipe calculator contains on the left-hand side the component buttons. By pressing
these buttons different input data grids appear.
With the basic button
the basic data grid opens. In this grid you have all the needed process data. Most of
them are imported from Nelprof if they were defined.
Straight button.
This button opens a grid where you can add straight pipe in your piping.
The data needed to be insert are the length of the pipe and the roughness of the pipe
surface. You can also define the heights of the pipe ends. The pressure caused by the
height difference is taken in to account in the calculations. By pressing the CALCU-
LATE button the pressure drop is calculated for that piece of component and the com-
ponent is added to the component list.
Bend button opens the grid where you can define the pipe bends. If you know the angle
or the radius of the bend there is some ready-defined resistances you can use. If no
proper value is found you can insert a resistance value in the resistance field.
On/Off button opens a grid where you can define an on/off valve in to you piping. You
can select a ball type and get an estimated value of the resistance caused by that type
of valve or you can give the maximum Cv value of the valve and pipe calculator will esti-
mate it’s resistance.
If you know the components pressure drop in certain flow conditions you can insert it to
the
Other grid. The calculator converts them to correspond to the flow rate given in the
basic data grid.
Pressing the CALCULATION button will add the given component to the component list
on the right side of the frame and show the results in the results grid under the input
grid.
In the results grid there is Inlet or outlet pressure depending of the calculation direction
defined earlier, pressure loss and resistance caused by the selected component, flow
velocity calculated and the sum of the pressure losses.
The Component list contains the components defined, Straight pipe is displayd as
Straight Pipe (and the length of the pipe) in the list. By selecting one of the components
shown in the list, the data of the component and its results are shown. You can also
view the pressure in selected location of the pipe.
The process data taken from selected case is presented in the Basic data grid.
1.7.5 ISA Datasheet
ISA control valve specification can be made with the ISA Datasheet module. The ISA
Datasheet is an integrated program that can be started from Nelprof. When you have
selected a valve and saved the sizing, select View|ISA data sheet from the menu to
start the program. If there is no existing ISA Datasheet for this sizing the following
screen will appear.
Figure 33. The First step when creating an ISA Datasheet.
You can create an ISA Datasheet for the sizing by clicking the Create Isa Datasheet
button. A selection window appears:
Figure 34. Flow case order selection for the ISA Datasheet.
In this dialog you can select Max, Min and Normal flow cases. Nelprof will automatically
suggest the following order.
1 Number of flow casesTreatment in ISA Datasheet

1 Max flow
2 The greater flow rate is max and the other min, if the rates are the same the
greater opening will be max and other min; if the opening is not available, the
smaller case number will be max and the other min.
3 The greatest flow rate is max, the second greatest is normal and the smallest is
min; if two or more rates are the same, the same treatment as with two cases will
apply.
4 The greatest flow rate is max, the smallest is min and the smaller case number
of the remaining two is normal; if two or more rates are the same, the same treat-
ment as with two cases will apply.
If you want to change this, uncheck the Auto select check box and select the order you
want from the pull down menus. Click OK to continue.
Now you will see the ISA Datasheet. The process and pipe data and calculated results
are transferred automatically to the ISA Datasheet. In every field that has the arrow
button there is the option to select values from a pull down menu. You can also write in
any field.
If you change the values in Nelprof sizing, the ISA Datasheet will not update automati-
cally. To update the ISA Datasheet you must save the sizing and then select
ISA|Update from Nelprof from the main menu. A similar dialog will appear as in the
previous picture.
You can add default values to the various fields by using the Default Values Editor.
Select ISA|Default Values Editor from the main menu. The following dialog will appear.
Figure 35. The ISA Datasheet default values editor.

Select from Field to be edited the field in which you want to add or remove values.
Write the new value in the Default values field and press the Insert button. The new
value will appear in the list. If you want to delete a value, select it from the Default value
list and click the Delete button. To close the window, click the close button.
You can print the ISA Datasheet by selecting ISA|Print from the main menu.
You can save the ISA Datasheet as HTML format by selecting ISA|Save as HTML from
the main menu.
From the ISA|Options menu you can select some visual effects.
1.7.6 Flow Control Manual
The Flow Control Manual is installed in electronic form in Nelprof. You can read the
manual by selecting Help|Flow Control Manual from the main menu. The Flow Con-
trol Manual offers a quick way of finding more detailed information about control valves
and flow and control theory. Within the Flow Control Manual you can click the green
text (or select and press ENTER) to display a new topic. You can also use the >> and
<< buttons to move from one topic to another. All topics can be printed out on the
printer from File|Print.
Appendix 1. Valves and actuators included in Nelprof
VALVES
Short code Description
T5 REDUCED BALL VALVE, TOP ENTRY
Q-T5 REDUCED BALL VALVE, TOP ENTRY WITH Q-TRIM FOR NOISE AND CAVITATION ABATEMENT
QA-T5 REDUCED BALL VALVE, TOP ENTRY WITH Q-TRIM AND ATTENUATOR PLATE FOR NOISE AND
CAVITATION ABATEMENT
T25 FULL BORE BALL VALVE, TOP ENTRY
Q-T25 FULL BORE BALL VALVE, TOP ENTRY WITH Q-TRIM FOR NOISE AND CAVITATION ABATEMENT
FI-FTO FINETROL, ROTARY CONTROL VALVE, FLOW-TO-OPEN
FI-FTC FINETROL, ROTARY CONTROL VALVE, FLOW-TO-CLOSE
Q-FI FINETROL, ROTARY CONTROL VALVE, WITH Q-TRIM FOR NOISE AND CAVITATION ABATEMENT
QA-FI FINETROL, ROTARY CONTROL VALVE, WITH Q-TRIM AND ATTENUATOR PLATE FOR NOISE AND
CAVITATION ABATEMENT
L-ANSI150 NELDISC, METAL SEATED BUTTERFLY VALVE, RATINGS ANSI 150, DIN PN10-25
L-ANSI300 NELDISC, METAL SEATED BUTTERFLY VALVE, RATINGS ANSI 300, DIN PN40
S-L-ANSI150 BALANCED NELDISC, METAL SEATED BUTTERFLY VALVE, RATINGS ANSI 150, DIN PN10-25
S-L-ANSI300 BALANCED NELDISC, METAL SEATED BUTTERFLY VALVE, RATINGS ANSI 300, DIN PN40
L12 NELDISC, METAL SEATED BUTTERFLY VALVE, PROCESS RATED
L6-ANSI150 NELDISC, DOUBLE FLANGED, METAL SEATED BUTTERFLY VALVE, RATINGS ANSI 150, DIN
PN10-25
L6-ANSI300 NELDISC, DOUBLE FLANGED, METAL SEATED BUTTERFLY VALVE, RATINGS ANSI 300, DIN
PN40
S-L6-ANSI150 BALANCED NELDISC, DOUBLE FLANGED, METAL SEATED BUTTERFLY VALVE, RATINGS ANSI
150, DIN PN10-25
S-L6-ANSI300 BALANCED NELDISC, DOUBLE FLANGED, METAL SEATED BUTTERFLY VALVE, RATINGS ANSI
300, DIN PN40
L90 NELDISC, METAL SEATED REDUCED BORE BUTTERFLY VALVE
LJM NELDISC, METALSEATED BUTTERFLY VALVE, PROCESS RATED
R METAL SEATED SEGMENT VALVE
Q-R METAL SEATED SEGMENT VALVE, WITH Q-TRIM FOR NOISE AND CAVITATION ABATEMENT
R-SOFT SOFT SEATED SEGMENT VALVE
R2_S METALSEATED SEGMENT VALVE FOR MEDIUM CONSISTENCY PULP
E REDUCED BORE CERAMIC BALL VALVE
D1 FULL BORE BALL VALVE, RATING ANSI 600

D2 FULL BORE BALL VALVE, RATING ANSI 150, ANSI 300
Q-D1 FULL BORE BALL VALVE, WITH Q-TRIM FOR NOISE AND CAVITATION ABATEMENT, RATING
ANSI 600
Q-D2 FULL BORE BALL VALVE, WITH Q-TRIM FOR NOISE AND CAVITATION ABATEMENT, RATING
ANSI 150, ANSI 300
QLM-D1 FULL BORE BALL VALVE, WITH LIQUID QLM-TRIM FOR CAVITATION ABATEMENT, RATING ANSI
600
QLM-D2 FULL BORE BALL VALVE, WITH LIQUID QLM-TRIM FOR CAVITATION ABATEMENT, RATING ANSI
150, ANSI 300
MBV FULL BORE BALL VALVE
Q-MBV FULL BORE BALL VALVE, WITH Q-TRIM FOR NOISE AND CAVITATION ABATEMENT
MBV-R REDUCED BORE BALL VALVE
MG FULL BORE BALL VALVE, TRUNNION MOUNTED, RATING ANSI 300
MM FULL BORE BALL VALVE, TRUNNION MOUNTED, RATING ANSI 150
Q-MG FULL BORE BALL VALVE, TRUNNION MOUNTED, WITH Q-TRIM FOR NOISE AND CAVITATION
ABATEMENT
Q-MM FULL BORE BALL VALVE, TRUNNION MOUNTED, WITH Q-TRIM FOR NOISE AND CAVITATION
ABATEMENT
7000 REDUCED BORE, SOFT SEATED BALL VALVE
9000 FULL BORE, SOFT SEATED BALL VALVE
C FULL BORE BALL VALVE
P FULL BORE BALL VALVE
815-SH-DWN WAFER-SPHERE, SOFT SEATED BUTTERFLY VALVE, RATING ANSI 150
815-SH-UP WAFER-SPHERE, SOFT SEATED BUTTERFLY VALVE, RATING ANSI 150 (flow from shaft side)
835-SH-UP WAFER-SPHERE, SOFT SEATED BUTTERFLY VALVE, PROCESS RATED (flow from shaft side)
882-SH-DWN WAFER-SPHERE, SOFT SEATED BUTTERFLY VALVE, RATING PN 10, 16, 25 AND ANSI 150
882-SH-UP WAFER-SPHERE, SOFT SEATED BUTTERFLY VALVE, RATING PN 10, 16, 25 AND ANSI 150 (flow
from shaft side)
885-SH-DWN WAFER-SPHERE, SOFT SEATED BUTTERFLY VALVE, RATING PN 40 AND ANSI 300
885-SH-UP WAFER-SPHERE, SOFT SEATED BUTTERFLY VALVE, RATING PN 40 AND ANSI 300 (flow from
shaft side)
V510-E% GLOBE VALVE, BALANCED EQUAL PERCENTAGE, ANSI 900,1500
V510-LIN GLOBE VALVE, BALANCED LINEAR, ANSI 900,1500
V512-E% GLOBE VALVE, UNBALANCED EQUAL PERCENTAGE, ANSI 900,1500

V512-LIN GLOBE VALVE, UNBALANCED LINEAR, ANSI 900,1500
V520-E% GLOBE VALVE, BALANCED EQUAL PERCENTAGE, ANSI 2500
V520-LIN GLOBE VALVE, BALANCED LINEAR, ANSI 2500
V522-E% GLOBE VALVE, UNBALANCED EQUAL PERCENTAGE, ANSI 2500
V522-LIN GLOBE VALVE, UNBALANCED LINEAR, ANSI 2500
V800-E% GLOBE VALVE, DOUBLE SEATED, EQUAL PERCENTAGE
V800-LIN GLOBE VALVE, DOUBLE SEATED, LINEAR
V817-E% GLOBE VALVE, CRYOGENIC, EQUAL PERCENTAGE
V817-LIN GLOBE VALVE, CRYOGENIC, LINEAR
G110-E% GLOBE VALVE, BALANCED EQUAL PERCENTAGE CAGE TRIM
G110-LIN GLOBE VALVE, BALANCED LINEAR CAGE TRIM
Q-G110-LIN GLOBE VALVE, BALANCED LINEAR Q-CAGE TRIM FOR NOISE AND CAVITATION ABATEMENT
Q2-G110-LIN GLOBE VALVE, BALANCED LINEAR 2-STAGE Q-CAGE TRIM FOR NOISE AND CAVITATION
ABATEMENT
F-G110-E% GLOBE VALVE, EQUAL PERCENTAGE FLASH-FLO TRIM
F-G110-LIN GLOBE VALVE, LINEAR FLASH-FLO TRIM
G112-E% GLOBE VALVE, UNBALANCED EQUAL PERCENTAGE CAGE TRIM
G112-LIN GLOBE VALVE, UNBALANCED LINEAR CAGE TRIM
G120-SPLN GLOBE VALVE, SPLINE TRIM
G130-E% GLOBE VALVE , EQUAL PERCENTAGE, SINGLE SEATED, SERIES G120/130
G130-LIN GLOBE VALVE , LINEAR, SINGLE SEATED, SERIES G120/130
GLOBE-E% TYPICAL GLOBE VALVE, EQUAL PERCENTAGE TRIM
GLOBE-LIN TYPICAL GLOBE VALVE, LINEAR TRIM
CAV-E% TYPICAL GLOBE VALVE, EQUAL PERCENTAGE CAVITATION CONTROL TRIM
CAV-LIN TYPICAL GLOBE VALVE, LINEAR CAVITATION CONTROL TRIM
NOISE TYPICAL GLOBE VALVE WITH NOISE ABATEMENT TRIM
EC-FTO TYPICAL ECCENTRIC PLUG VALVE, FLOW TO OPEN
EC-FTC TYPICAL ECCENTRIC PLUG VALVE, FLOW TO CLOSE
SEG-BALL TYPICAL SEGMENT VALVE
BALL TYPICAL REDUCED PORT BALL VALVE
HPBV TYPICAL METAL SEATED BUTTERFLY VALVE

ACTUATORS
Short code Description
B1C DOUBLE ACTING CYLINDER ACTUATOR
B1J SPRING TO CLOSE CYLINDER ACTUATOR
B1JA SPRING TO OPEN CYLINDER ACTUATOR
QP SPRING TO CLOSE DIAPHRAGM ACTUATOR
QP-SO SPRING TO OPEN DIAPHRAGM ACTUAOR
D LINEAR, DIRECT ACTING SPRING DIAPHRAGM ACTUATOR
R LINEAR, REVERSE-ACTING SPRING DIAPHRAGM ACTUATOR
DC DOUBLE ACTING RACK AND PINION ACTUATOR
DJ SPRING TO CLOSE RACK AND PINION ACTUATOR
DJA SPRING TO OPEN RACK AND PINION ACTUATOR

Appendix 2. Nelprof load factor for rotary valves
Nelprof Load Factor for rotary valves

T o rq u e
500
Load factor = Required torque / Available torque
Available torque from actuator

400
Required open/close torque
300
200 Required control to open

Friction + dynamic
Required control to close
Friction - Dynamic
Friction
100
0
0 5 10 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90
Opening angle [ DEG ]

Dead angle
Appendix 3. General control valve selection guidelines
Control valve size and flow characteristic

Nominal Valve Size • Not greater than the nominal pipe size.
• Not less than 1/2 the nominal pipe size.
Installed Gain As a general rule the installed relative gain in the process-
operating rangeshould be greater than 0.5 and the maximum
gain should be less than twice theminimum gain.
Gmax
----------------- ≤ 2
Gmin
Clean Gas Applications

Max Exit Velocity • 0.5 Mach for continuous control
• 0.7 Mach for infrequent duty, eg. flaring and blow-off valve
applications.
Max Calculated SPL • 110 dBA to avoid strong mechanical vibrations.
• 85 dBA often required by laws and regulations.
Insulated Pipeline Predicted noise dampened by 1 to 2 dBA/10mm, 3-5 dBA/
inch.
Note: Vibration level does not dampen with insulation.
Clean Liquid Applications

Max Inlet Velocity
• Continuous Duty • Butterfly valves 7 m/s, 23 ft/s.

• Cage-guided globe valves 15 m/s, 50 ft/s.
• All other valves 10 m/s, 32 ft/s.
• Infrequent Duty • Butterfly valves 8.5 m/s, 27 ft/s.
• Cage-guided globe valves 18 m/s, 60 ft/s.
• All other valves 12 m/s, 39 ft/s.
• Max Calculated SPL • With uninsulated sch. 40 pipe.
• 80 dBA up to 80 mm / 3” valve size.
• 85 dBA 100 mm / 4” to 150 mm /
6” valve size.
• 90 dBA 200 mm / 8” to 350 mm /
14” valve size.
• 85 dBA 400 mm / 16” and larger
• Max Delta P Terminal pressure drop, unless in flashing-flow application.
However, mechanical pressure and temperature limits of
valve must not be exceeded.
Pulp Stock Applications

Maximum • R-series segment ball valves 7%
Consistency • R-series valve with Q-trim 3.5%
• Medium consistency Version R2S 19%
• Butterfly valves, below 250 mm / 10” 4%
• Butterfly valves, above 250 mm / 10” 7%
Black liquor applications

Solid content < 65% • High-performance butterfly valves
Solid content > 65% • Ball valves

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NELPROF 3.

Copyright 2000 by Metso Automation and the

While this information is presented in good faith and

Produced and printed in Finland by Metso Automation

1.5 User settings ...................................................................................................................38

1 NELPROF 3.1 USER’S GUIDE

The features of Version 3.1 are:

1.1.2 Selection limitations

1.1.3 System requirements

1.1.4 Installing Nelprof

1.1.5 Useful Windows commands

Using the keyboard

Common Windows keyboard commands:

Enter Move to next field/row/column (in input grid)

1.2 Nelprof step by step

1.2.1 Step 1 - Starting Nelprof

1.2.2 Step 2 - Creating Project and entering Project properties

1.2.3 Step 3 - Creating Tag and entering Tag properties

1.2.4 Step 4 - Entering Input data

1.2.5 Step 5 - Selection

1.2.6 Step 6 - Analysis

Tab Analysis function

1.2.7 Step 7 - Saving and loading data

1.2.8 Step 8 - Printing

1.2.9 Step 9 - New calculation and how to exit the program

1.3 The Project Tree

Figure 1. The Project Tree.

button in the toolbar.

in the toolbar. The object will be deleted permanently.

1.4 Sizing and analysis

1.4.1 Liquid and water sizing

1.4.1.1 Input data for liquid and water sizing

Figure 2. Input data for liquid and water sizing.

Changing the units, see chapter 1.5 on User settings

(7) Inlet dia. Nominal diameter of the upstream pipeline.

(9) Thickness. Pipe Wall Thickness. Enter either Thickness or Schedule.

(12) Inlet Temp. Temperature at upstream conditions.

(13) Inlet Press. Pressure at upstream conditions.

(18) Type. Select valve type from the list.

(20) Code. Select valve code from the list.

1.4.1.2 Results for liquid and water sizing

Figure 3. Results for liquid and water sizing

1.4.2 Gas and steam sizing

1.4.2.1 Input data for gas and steam sizing

Figure 4. Input data for gas and steam flow

Changing the units, see chapter 1.5 User settings

(6) Inlet dia. Nominal diameter of the upstream pipeline.

(8) Thickness. Pipe Wall Thickness. Enter either Thickness or Schedule.

(11) Inlet Temp. Temperature at upstream conditions.

(12) Inlet Press. Pressure at upstream conditions.

(15) Compress or Upstream Density. Compressibility is provided automatically for

(17) Type. Select valve type from the list.

(19) Code. Select valve code from the list.

1.4.2.2 Results for gas and steam flow

Figure 5. Results for gas and steam sizing.

1.4.3 Pulp stock sizing

1.4.3.1 Input data for Pulp Stock Sizing

Figure 6. Input data for pulp stock sizing.

Changing the units, see chapter 1.5 User settings

(5) Inlet dia. Nominal diameter of the upstream pipeline.

(7) Thickness. Pipe Wall Thickness. Enter either Thickness or Schedule.

(10) Inlet Temp. Temperature at upstream conditions.

(11) Inlet Press. Pressure at upstream conditions.

(15) Type. Select valve type from the list.