Ii VL W R - ~-I

I I

? I I a

N>N>

tPr ~i ~ Ir

K'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

VOL. #LU WUSHIfiGTon, a. C. aPRIL, 1946 no. 4

 N iVERY JO0 THERE'S A LAUGH OR TWO

A NOTE TO YE EI)I'FOR What sa 3 we p0ll the }lloelhrhlood, And Iquill }i{ituuneet hil arrival, h 1 ,]lmtient
I)eidlepoin the lu; kith h, waiL.
1
in the JI,.,ut'h. 'tt, pt:gv tif il'rhet ttotifr oi"l rllegit se [''Vho~ i, tt e, ' M[t. 1eter ,ried. "An auel. Air'
In Fie...any. sit-of-a-gti ti And sec ii l i,, .h,1 rlace? the lirenlan lied,
If yY".u di'l h.", n, rllilil,, rflll liilt ''I hoyte 14)11]e to(Li
hI IIt to tiliilblt. Shall I ie, nay
Built hy Whitaiy, ii tibht....-.ighlect. i tlh 'ti aile ti ]It, all Itotnit up IFLSLd'"
EnrllitrlIle I agefd Oi this W,.Fk ,f art. T., get lteh~iid tilln' 'itflIt jiiit Thle gate .wl$ 5 tfoenewthiF rstt erek.
And all t orlue I ila. a slrtl. Liill ;1 bY St.L Peltr sltid, 'You h.illy hi'Lth eollie inand. haIe
wiltlt LgayY... lofl r y
WBi inll
t yo i11 saltdrd'on
*<,lsl
I thiught: if he'd only alded wttus, Btlt itl,,or( yOu tlike
k,,ur ct'lestial de]llut.
A ail. a]I somev other small thil',, ]his good old 1. S. A' eol. j]uL14 stihitiit to ij uet'Mtirlut~rte or arl ullter
And A routpl of olos split iie., I[ ihi oulltnis fair. eIough to you VI.IW.
I'll bet the` goglt t thitig 'uIl .' ilew Thenll ansr a with an 'Aye." Wlili hvlle ti u.I.iti.. i Lth etlrtihy ti )ht.l
lke a hlat .. lt o' hell with Eli loFt Afs far as ]'i. cocerned yol klOW To ileserlv etternall hiinvpsnias hele '?'
01' Iylbye below, if it wou.lll(lt 'tep. ' 11 alway, '"aDk card," Ple niniiiit hltfl~heiti.l I, t(ils.h ill dtt I1.
But I lisuppose you kn,'w by otw What gloId hdli hi dline that he colilhllrg {til
lit!
But Eli just didn't have A thitg I'm n...t much of A ltarl
He htdnl't Ill)taom, hi hlad't i Awlg; ie rfxiirtltI to thI1 l{l iiqe. eoldl he pke,
Anid i, his biarhite tLy·iyed it LhthgtliLnd "Li.Iie. St. Pihe]
At S .INTON.
Iui. raouitlr the rvse of tils rlunt itAout reet.
UlLtil in 'forty-six 'twut futild. L 1.. No.
Not Illuh gUldt in liis diy unlld ag It AleltJ tillO is .OOill .l.li.et forl e to teIll
Bit it hripnel ike tlhp ti'kens to tili the palie, Bui it wlislit' fr in. Ill' wi',ould iurr1I MI to
eIll
Now if you've hlst
And you're feelilig
As you tLy tli m..k
this old tii/hiili.
sulln. goiilfht,
51,0wrAtVtiui
e fit
nirlE, ji· I sow ly ihtt a. III
] knew his sulyittiotlelF
could ut shIilk.
dtl. eild ottor
I hitive stuFFd by hiht lhri.I~gh tlhitk nod tutn.
Aild the pige is too darn big or, it,I
[)ioIt fIat an' rail an' run' tli 'gi In firet i [uiriJatd ny plleasure to give <o)rk t
hilll,
Just use this kotit io ll ihe litge .
I giv, ,,y wor,¥ St. P¢et, this sto.l is Liie
JAy (It.NTON, What iere couldl i ilool old lilpmllan din?'
I . No. 58. "I h-i, iiy Aowlp &itiioL"c St peter s;id.
'lh,. hIlltl aTpe.a'etI *ItInril. the old g tLouts
henil,
?) 8ilkl, t'hes [0 hi, lhotldptrs eliog,
A golinl i,¥ll I tllad 1iiesslllaml winli.
e'll .. Ie .... Y... I. In his hbbIn the tyeia scepter of a kin K .
And a lhario i runt hlile theItmiels innz.
lhenl St. pett ttIrlldn lto the lillelat nIext
It wI, pflinlo A¢te he wzls surely V,,Id.

At filtliiji,,
t :*p il, I f .u. fy e L 'Your earthly Ieorl is 4Ff art tnsflotv reitiuwi,
YourI liit h1iug
Illi hbe b}lack. Ilut itIs a II

SI. PeLtz pr.onuncel d Lhe eIt'l J

.tindLHI, Si ie
" aY sLtrn: to hell, llnemattan.din bulrnt aidoIntrl
"Yeu'',Igt},K
The Trials and Trib6latIfons a Grunt h ll.2'
'lI) IrttNsoFN, E. L. NAIlirN.
L, U. Nio. 77, L. U No, 77,
Broth{'i Ildden, also of l. I. N. 77, ii..t'
e
That en the' iFti
IlrIP Jen iinle the li4...i.F poem to tarunee
ol,)fttI, ltr)iFF 7'ed
Afi .... l i"' pi iln er ~~ ~ ~
..ten ..i......m "<ltr,ni Q,...
lielsrl(ii~
'
rf / l t' aii

JlO tar fill el e y da., THE LINEMAN'S FATE {8.~llw- ln.

IAnd S. 0.IforS., ll
Anl l'nt aou
t ll ,o
tIh i io h yrIo
Lord! Pity the lmineen.
, thoe poor
Al verwl)k,,i
QUERY ANSWEREID
I tyio'
I]{pr
'.i..'l
ThF write
will imliFin ortw
ls tawy',, souls, lit itiwer to ytou forcefld (tfly.
If lTo
sczt ilIt uyi of nnlii;
roust0r mlltyam
0,to" i Who stag r with their { rilelis. whihl the Of ((ourse. in eIIlI yulu'te not too werIl
grunts di the holes. lit lilsten to this reevaltil
tI, Sinell
nlld o
i lppo, kllredbefore
thi'F' , ituff." [is brow's deeply furrowe l wiih the awffl i siin Aboutti atliie et.ononits.
(Ol the poor old grut.t's lodbyj atId the htte- VtI q.r''y i irs iglierfloif
fbWct brain. IF come from orne who's so dyrnamih.
I lotidw that hoi rll, ll)y
Ient il 8o it goes ougO as they tlave lile's roid. Thlie wrle will surly fill your aY"mench.
The linemaln i the saddle.
d g tllt
th k ehe But still you'll have atomic ache.
WhI'll
twylt wpreite tha i rit II AiOLID M~irLON ]t[Al,.
When the lalt wire is strung ilaindthy 1ik Flitn I [ N'o 7 a
T loIt of ltorkwill
y i and die.
They journey together to ihLt linellloo ill the THE GAY NINETIES
For alu
Your Su.0. .ev
letan t ttit
illui
h.l tie th key- ,ky,
rhe linc1lb:t Says. [Ia1 heallv bloutnd, ill f;et Wit`t foedeity rechedI its peAk of pereAtiom
I'm oyez due atd skirts drglled ill Wtbaeeo juice on the side-
But the thilg tht saldenlires. i ['', litit Si SUre walk ,t OnIfAn ciiig downl from the WA eF a
about you. LoT'lo. bus. , thook InI stl, dewn, her skill resl-
lg .it the step above. Sile stopnped to push it
Now a grult can only iitri heaven, ott Ft
dowl hlfore t rkilog aiother seilp rpt.tt Ite
"ttfl]]' pass.
Pe¥r!'ortititiee I( liih Step. '[he cotdctor sidh
So I think PId better ride you ill, like Bllflltt
rote the ass' wel'.rilv, 'Aw, 'tlry dinh, lidy. figgers ain't no
ie galloped l the poor ol.d grunt light tp) to itretu ito ¥F.ox
,"0
Fo v.,oI ii nIld , iil heban'r s gnte. AIInOIlA FOX, 1' 0.
 0j#cd 0 $sa a/Me InTER ATIUonUR
ELECTRIrCAL WORKERS; nd OPERATORS
PUBLISHED MONTHLY

Q.M. BAt
Aayaiao4 tdd 200
a ij4oo4S ,/v. *adhiaq,
1 G.

eoa&+d. //acgag,
Page
Frontispiece-"Farm Limeratiol"
Manpower for IHousing Drive Scanned
- .- - Pe
123
CHAT
Here's How to Get Your UllemlloymenI Insur~aince - - - 125
American Labor Moves Forward - s nur- 126
Senator Morse Talks About Voluntary Arbitr ation 127 We put our hat on and walked out of the
Public Taste Will Key Prefab Sales .. .128 oflice. We weIt over to the paper compay
Municipal Building Codes, What About Then 129 o , have a littli, talk about pa per for the
America Paid Heavy Price for War - - 1310 EECTRWAL WWOflKlEl1s JOURNAL. The ending
Bird's-Eye View of TVA Progress - o1if Ihe w. r h.as iot ipruovl the quanity or
2 the quality of the paper fur Jabor maa-
Jurisdiction-Mankind's Crown of Thorns .12 ins, Why, we askdl?
Wife of Organizer Speaks . - 133
Law of Teamwork and Good Citizenship 13
Preventive Maintenance in Electronice Field - 134 \\el, ro' ino reison. the pailet mani said,
Marion Local Holds Exhibit 136- the big Idlp muagizies that run intomiil
inns of eirculatiuo have gone out atd
West Coast Radio Leaders Foregatlher 137 bu.ght up pap mills fo their own ute.
Editorial - - 138 This has lesened the s.uree of supply of
Woman's Work - - 140 paper for ],abm publications. Antuher res
Correspondence - .- - 142 .n, he iisaid, is that 400 new pubo lications
Member's Thought of Easter -146 l gone
Shave on.. the nmarket since V J i)ay in
Annual Statement of Electrical Workers Blelle lit Association 147 Agt 945. This is ai enorlous list of
new clnpetitor s ur Ilaor publications. Ilow
Death Claims for February. 1946 - 150 runny If thse tre shinted in the diiectitn
In Memoriam - - - - - - - 1541 f labor we have ni wa
,y f nwing
Local Union Official Receipts 157
* This Journal Iill not he held responsible for vie ws expressed hby eorrleslpdents. Of eour.se, those people who believe that
The first of each month is the closing date: all copy mi
must be in our hands on or before. free enterprise is the solithion of aill pob-
iems cla oieadilj see that ftc, entelrlpise in
this directio p'bbly Voiks towaid the
EXIEC(UTI1VE OFFI(CE Rs detriment of ab(r ]ublica tions. Publhcations
that arole ot ill tih lilid for profit get
International President,
EI,,WAr.Ii J, 1ROW . I %rtnY
C M. 1 ....... 12140 crwded out by auid eulinpititotr wh seek
1200 15th St. N. W. Washington 5. D. C. 15th o~h N, W..
Sit, ot 5. 1to ,lake .o..ey oit of the present lust Ifo
International Treasurer. W A. flr:AN.N, 47 inf4r7lation.
South Sixlh Are.. M1 Vernin
. K. N,
N Y.
VICE PRESIDENTS INTERNATIONAL Th fi li th i If th
INX 1,tCI -TIV (OU NCIL
C Th ptin the ins th
Firt District E INsr;s American puhlie is oin. l,Four hundrifed now
195 Dundias St, Lonon. Oti., ( i.l..a (i ,t.r:s M PAL^lsE. (Nl,..rm.n. piublicatinis ani a legion of old publicatimons
Second Distriet Joi.I. lf iRAN ,937 W. Cuyler Ave.,, Chicago 41, 1,h
ure aoil ]llto'hroig th t!r speaial bnl id of edtl
Rm. 239, Park qrBldr Bllg., Bostot, 16 Mass,. FiJEs 1)ist'rlit HIA1111Y
V* . L....I.
AAIiSA
Third District D. WLIIAM D ,,SR
AJ 130 U,E 2bth N.wYork
25th St., New York iii.
10,. N.
N, .Y avirut aold
eati' ." I..lald
pripagan da attfl the rcaders' in--
Room 1102, Cily Centre Bhlg., 121 NorIh [iuiii
St., Philadelphia 7. Pa. Second I)iMtriet F. L. KlleItkrrt. Now i...r h iltha ever, labu r people
1)5ieaeon St.. IHyde, Pirk 36. should stih
¢ by thil own liuIlicuttionis ald
Fourth District (;oNos M. FiliE*AN
1423 l[auli[ilto National Bunk Bhlg.. Third Oi striit WilAM G. StiiiU) il.arI to judle fir thelv the sohtions
Chat .anou g, Tent. 2104-5 l.a w &Finance Bldg.. Pittsburrgh i, P'it fLr thl severe coilll..le p robiertlls that face
Fifth District G. X. BA*IKER Fourth DMtrirt C. F. PnirsLR the liation to.i.iy.
905 Watts Bldg.. lBirmingham ,. Ala 2025 2.rili St., N. E., Wshillnlgin 2, D. i{
Sixth District M J ."iOY,
4300 lake Shore Drive,. Chicago I: iL Fifth Dis strict AN M NINt W E
13O No. Wells St., Chicago 6. Ill. The EICr(AI, \ oRKi.s lOlRNAi. hopes
Seellnth District W. INGRAM
3641 Laughton St.. Forth Wrh 4. 'tex Sxiih his trier I). W R*Ar to be in Lt I liTst, gt1tirll acturat, siound in-
Eighth District ii W;.IIB.I., ddys tot ie Aplrt-ielt., Washdlitol . D . fll-nAtIio. fli. it, Fculetrs, Fivinm the right
504 D.en, r Tcatre Slidg.. )e... r 2, too t h I)illrict
pi, CIA1riJ.." ', bac,,kground forsocial prolems, and fight-
Ninth District J. SCOTT M]INE Itch St., Sn tin i.ro J., iaci(. ing fIr the bhtter lif for menmbers
of tile
910U Cntrl Tlower. San lFrancisco 3. aitf. Eighth Ditrist 3. t.- Mc3Btp}
J, u r.
Railroads J. J D)tirY i6 Janils St., Labor Temple.
330 South Wells St.. Room 600. Chicago 6. Ili. Winnipeg, Man., Canada
Our cove' photi this month is by courtesy
P?ulNhic Worksi Adliiinistration,
 Farm
Liberation
By D. A. Hoover, L. U. 1306
As spring sun warms the mellow soil
And woolly clouds float by
In thousands, creosoted poles
Will rear toward the sky,
Long, gleaming lines will genitly sing
Against the wind-soft day
And magic hands will come to sweep
Farm drudgery quite away.

It's more than just a row of poles

Of guys and racks and arms
Or gleaming porcelain and steel
Like web-work to the farms.
It lifts the yoke from weary hearts
And liberates their smiles,
It is deliverance you bring
Across the trackless miles.
 THE JOURnAL OF
ELECTRICARL UWORHERS AlnD
OPERRTORS
OFFICIAL PUsLICATION OF Tnt INTfNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD Of E0Et-RICAL WORKFRIL
... a WUl a 0 C a. a th M aA fi t la nl rat.- p n*a
. -
Bate 1ii. AA eI Ock n i. t 01w)
4 Match
us IS.
*D~oU toeIn cnn6$t-
L. nSA TtAR
r L I ALT M 05

VOL. XLV WASHINGTON I). C., APRIL. 1946 NO. 4

MANPOWER fr
On the basis of these pospects. Mr. Wyatt
suggested for the consildration of the Iro..p
several lines of action that would be neces-
sary to minimize the shortage of workers.
They were:
A.The development of nnny more joint
malragenment-labor comnmittees in aperen
.o4oaan 2b41oe Scanned tieeship.
B. Acceleration of apprenticeship training
by:

THE executive co mit tee of tile G.eneral

Committee on Aplu-enticeship for the
Wilson Wyatt, housing expediter,
1. Obtaining employer
acceptane
prentices.
cooperation in the
of larger numbers of lp-

olnstruction Inldustr y met with Mi. meets with apprenticeship group in 2. Inreasing the ratio of apprentices to
Wilson Wyatt, housin.g ,ex.liter, in Wash-
ingtolii reently.Mlany salient (ilsc-iuns wele
Washington. Many problems dis- 3, Making apprenticeship attractive to
dislc..US.I uf great impillanee to iahor, is cussed. Unions refused to lower veterans by:
the minutes of the nletiig inlldicate. a. Liberalizing age limitations.
The mLeeting of the execuive committee apprenticeship standards b. lmproving entry wages.
was especially called for thce uoe of re- c. Shortening the length of the train-
viewing with Mr. Wison Wyntt, hous1in ex- luncitmninglf body haviig godl relations with ing p(eriod.
pditRo, the projectud grfeatly expanded national joint npprenliheship .onmiit.tees in C. Developinnt f mIlor. specialization.
houriag program for velltle-ns lind to -;on- the svral tradce a,i, through thnll witb D. Assurance of more adequate vocationll
sider ways and mIleanls i providing
,for the till hlcal1 joint maiiiigemieLt-labor apprentice- training facilities.
sillie, labor force meessar y for such a ship committees. The eneral comlmittee E. Expanding Apprnt. ice-Training Service
programll formu.lates re.on..en.athIo.. with respect personnel and fncilities in the fi&ld.
Mr. Wyatt was acrompanie. by Mr. E. R. to iapplentticesip neds in the industry for F. Development of pirtmotionali campaign
[,erner, his associate; Mr. J. DIonai Ii ris- consideratjion by national and local industry at national and local levels for getting
liy, chief of manpower and veteran s affais gIoups and the Apprentiee-Trainimng Service all
prn i ee into the skilled trades, par-
Iid Mr. (harlos ,Kidd. assistaInt chief of in the fornula tionn of sndrdidnIrs and the d.- ticularly veterans.
ianlJ)ower alid vitet,'as affirs. Office if vehlpmnent oIf irmollti.il..l inatle's to assre These suggetion. were concurred in by
War Mobilization anl Rteonvesrgi.n; nd a .... petent, stead; flow if Iaaapower into the membe rs of It ., o.mi Itee with lb e-
Tr, ])ani (..iara', eteraining speeialisa. IR- the industry each yea' to meet its nee'ds. ception of the advi zability if shortenil g th
tr.inibig and Reemp.lyment Aln/inistr-.atio. Thou.ngh the enel Cmitte the in- length of tainilng aind developl/ent of nore
miristry has developed i rellllkahble unity inl specialization.
Executive Committee Present thie mattine of trainling that has been an im-
'lThe follovi, g mel.bets of the eeutive pi.'tauit contributilg factor in the progress Committee Disagrees
commiitte were present: Mr Jhnt Fi .f lia, appentices,,ip system... Gd nmnage- The eenmmi
. tte wa. sttrng in its feelin,
Roont y, eneral irs idlent, Intelnationmal A- nitn-lahor rmilthins at all evels are vital to that shortening the training peiod wfold
sriiaoiiol of Operative Plastrers and (e- this uIndl taklnr snimierithe levelopment of a derlyny the wile sirfl, eure of the aplpni.i-
nliet Finiber,; Mi'. MM ion II Hedge. di skilled labor frce is necesaril. a joint re- ticship system it has tikErn years tn builh.
rector if rI.eseah. Irlternational Broather- sponsibiity of both ,nplovyers and labor. T'i shbo-ten the tl'-lilng, even temporaily
hood of iElectrical Wi.rk(ers: Mr. Joseph C. ·Mi. Wyatt pire.ntsead to the gllilT ) hil will give those whi ait not inerested ill r.l I
Fitts, secertary. Nalla Association of iews of the ceunti y' I's tIt
fo hlusing, lie trl-niin anl opportniiity to take advantage
ientinig, Piping anid Ai Conditioing Cin- was nut able to ,isl.,se ils details, but he of the situation to (I pidt the apprleice.
tratIits: and Mr i. F.l Ierzer. [, ehairm;,n, went .it the record and in..ie.teI what hi Mr. Hedges slated ii thile
traiining period
p>lrtitie .esbip comniiittee, National Elec- belimved to be the lcak 1946 11947 on-site has bee, established o e bis of the lneeds
tricall (Rntrtains Assecia lion, Mr. Georget S, employment requienelits faor the residential of each trade as linlllhStlatel by elgxp i.nne.
Stuart, executive icio, Painting and hlleing prograln. lie ,emphasized that these throughout the years. Si.llle industi-irs hvi
Decratlingg Contractors8 AssoiJatio, was requireme.ntts excluded ltllh those far other fonuid in re cxamninlhl ohf training conttent
unible to attend because .. . f illn.s, and Mr typ. oit constructihal wbich frtmjuently uti- thait it has hald to be broadened Ito taikear
Willai I. Gallagher attenaded its altelnate lizil the .ae type of labi anid for non- of changes and ilnpioveelntsr in the in-
for Mr LII. I Raftiery, neral sre(retaI - permit types of repair an d rllarinntllace(. dust
ry.
trasLti.e. , rohrlothtl.i of Pintters. Dec,-
rators and Papeihl'bange r of America Mr Shortage of Skilled Labor The Alternatie
Hedges acted as chairn,,ri of the meeting in In Mr. Wyhatt'g npjnloli there should be 1o i ccelding to MIr', I adges, rather than talk
Mr. Stuart's absence. sbhrtages of seni-killenille rd Unkilcrl con- in terms of shorteniln the term f a iron.
Meombhe-s of the Apprentice-Tranin g strueiobn labor in 1946 anId 1947, exIcept pr- ticlship, the industry prefers to follIow its
Service iI attendance w erL
MIr. Willan, F. Flaps Ior spotty aire;, sbhoaigac. On the othelr practice of giving cledit or applicable cx-
Patlierson. diectm': Mr. Ansl . (Ctear.y, hand with respect to skilird labor. he ex- pirenee Tand .enc..o.ragin local joint ap-
assistant direet.ir; andl Mr. M. M. Hanson, peered a considerable n..e. (if area sho-t- iprrticeship o Iolrnl
tisI to adlvance [pipJ'en-
nltoanal for
oensultanit
the eonstructioll ags
e I ve iI 1941;, hetasue of the lalg' tices who show oultstanding ability nlmrl
indsts'y. voluime f construction that will h1avesimilar nIpidly than would be dioe under il-noal
r
After introduclig Mr Wyattt to the group. startingr and comrplti in dates. It was hisii conditions. Il, tlids [ia journeynmen would be
Mr. edIIges summarixed briefly the nature of hbelif tlht the most auute tshortages will be available as they are needed.
the Genelal Com.it.tee on AIplrenticeshi p found atong plasterers, electricians and With the present libor force, plus a con
for the Construction Industry. e explainedr bricklayers. In 1947. skilled workers in all siderable expansion in the number of Ip-
it is a policy committee jointly represents- crafts among the highly skilled are ex- prentiees, the inilustry feels it can, me't tile,
live of management aid labor. It is a stable. peted to be short. emergency this year and possibly next. Ry
1214
the time construction has reached its peak
volume, a large number of journeymen will
have been trained and an even larger nunmlber
of apprentices will be employed and ploduc-
ing. It should be noted here that the apprei-
tie is a worker and a producer from the
start.
The commiltee was unanimous in its opin-
ion that present standards of apprenticeship
should be maintained with such flexibility as
indicated and that the problem can be solved
thrtugh the other points recommenled by
Mr. Wyatt.
On the matter of more specializatinn, the
memn bers of the committee did not believe it
was genelrally a good ploposal. Alny ap-
preciable specialization will result in the
sale conditions as came about because of
the great number of specialists trained for
war construction. These people cannot read-
ily be absorbed into the industry without
considerable additional training or retrain-
ine for other jobs. However, hrause of the
Elergenecy in housing, the industry is will-
ing to keep an open mind on the matter and
stated it would be glad to review any rec-
mmendiotions that nmight he madrie for
specialization,
The need for specialization is .bviated
where an adequately .plannedprogram of
on-the-job training is provided for nppern
tices, the main difference beilg that the
apprentice is moved from one specialty to
another and in the appropriate time ac-
quires all the skills of the craft.
Several of the other items presented by
Mr. Wyatt were discussed and it was pointied
out that actionm has already been taken by
the iniustry on some of them. A sumnary
or these actions on the part of national
indl Ileal groups will be prepared by Mr.
Wyatt
Shortoge of Materials
.Localjoint management-labor apprentice-
ship committees have been enshidering the
employmne nt of a greater number of ap-
prenties in some localities and in the cur-
init atio practie there is sufficient flex-
ihility in the apprenticeship program se that
if there is evident need of a larger num.ber
of apprentices in any locality, the local
people cnn increase the number accordingly.
According to several members, one of the
main diffiiulties in connection with the
training of apprentices is the shortage of
Ilstructioll materials. In many areas it
has been impossible to put ori apprentices
in up to the ratio agreed upon
Iumbers
loeally with the result that many veteran,
are awaiting placement as apprenties.
The need varies with the different trades
ani localities. In a few it has bee nort l
therte is at present a thorlae of eraflistnn.
In such cases steps should be taken i e-
dietely to increase the number of i.pp re.n-
Vices. The training of an adequate upqply
of apprentics is esse. tially a loeal prob
sm Slidt must be handled, by those closest
to the problem--the local joint apprentice-
ship committees.
Witlh ,el,'ttto the question of age limits.
it was explained that with few exceptions
the erafs are giving special consileration
to veterans. The most conmion practice is
to consider the veteran to be within the age
imitations of the program if he were within
such age brakets aitthe time he entered the
service, For exampie: a veteran was 24
years of age when he was inducted; he has
rve three years in the Army and is now
27 years old. When he applies for appllren-
The Journal of ELECTRICAL WORKERS and Operalors
I -
Wilson
W. Wyal fng the huaing 1m1,rgncy
W ilion W. W y atHfac.n t1o, lo Sn emergency
ticeship, the joint committee will consider
his age to be 24 years. In some eases, vt-
erans of older ages are accepted.
In discussing the recommendation that
entrance wages for apprentices be improved,
the emmittee was of the belief that the
wage structure is not a i-eal deterrent when
the apprentice realies he is getting an edu-
ration as he InIes altg. Although it is gem-
erally reeomniendld that apprentice wages
average, over the period of training, at
least 50 percent of the journeyman rate,
,ilally construction trade progrlams are now
averaging froim 60 to 70 percent.
Effect of G. I. Bill
In answer t Mr-. Wyatt's question
whether the G. i.lBill has been a factor in
obtaining apprentice applicants, the eom-
niittee informed him that the provisions
offering belnefits to veterans who enter
training as apprenties s h been a factor
in ehannelling veterans into the apprentice-
ship prgrai.n..I .oweve, it is believed a
substantial iunlber if veterans would have
wanted to learn a skilled trade even though
there had been no special G.I. benefits.
In cooperation with the information and
education services oF the armed forces, Mr.
Wyatt was advised the Apprentice-Train-
ing Service has ssistted in providing in-
formation concerning apprentieship to
sel'v'eomen in all theatres of operation both
overseas and at home. Information has also
been provided to separation centers, vet-
erans informalnn centers andll job coun-
selors lThat the veteran knows of the exist-
erce of the appr'eniticehip system has heen
evidenced by the many requests for info,-
mation receiveld ard Lh large number of
app.ieants for appe'nticeship.
1
Too mucihemphasis was being Ilaced on
relaxation of standards which are presunled
to keep veterans out of apprenticeship the
commnittee felt. Veteran applicants are
available, if they can be placed. The need is
not to make apprenticeship more attractive
to veterans, but to create opportunities
them, This can only be dlone through a
greatly expanded volume of building mate-
for
rial andi construction and the establish-
ment of more local joint apprenticeship
committees. It can be assumed that the ma-
terials will be flowing freely by mid-summer
but experience has proved that additional
local joint committees can be established
only if the staff of the Appmrenti-Training
Service is expanded to meet the needs in all
areas. The national apprenticeship com-
mittees can urge local groups to take action
on ipp P renticeship bilt Lhtl ilust he in a
position to tell their members that Appren-
tice-Training Service assistance is avail-
able to them. With the present limited fieli
stalE, which must also provide service to
all other industries offering apprenties.hip,
this is impossible to do. Local joint appren-
ticeship committees are the core of the ap-
prenticeship system in the building indus-
try: Ilcking them, little progress will be
made. It was the view of the committee that
thare should be at least .. 5i,00 ecmmittees
throughout the country in all oenstruction
trades asgainst the present 1117.
Industry Will Conform
Tile eonmittee especially asked Mr.
Wyatt to what extent he expects that pre-
fabrication will be used to solve the emer
gecney housing problem. Mr. Wyatt replied
that he did not feel the buildling trades
should have any apprehension. He ex-
ilouted that emphasis will he placed on the
iErianent type home and that most of the
pie-fabrication will be in the form of parts
aseiibledl on site. In other words, there
remn nis a tremendous field for construc-
tio,,n labor. The program he visualizes, Mr.
Wyatt said, puts primary emphasis on the
aonventional type home Hie expelts great
site and development work which will neces-
sarily eqilire skilled labor.
Although the group made it clear it was
not opposed to any improved miethods in
the industry and pledged its cooperation,
in the matter of prefabricated methods the
home owner. will have and should have the
last word to say. The industry will be
ukiled by the market and the desires of
the public.
IIMr.Wyatt made an urgent plea for com-
plete ooperation from all unionsi and man-
agemeali associatins in order to assure
thei sucess of the veterans' enmegency
housing proram. 1e prointed out that It
glrlup present, as well as their assciates,
had a key role to perform and that he was
eonvine d through this meetisng that he
eid dleend upon their cornplet, e.,npera-
tion The chairman, speaking for the on-
st ructin industry as a whole, promised Mr.
Wyatt that that Cooperation had always
been forthoming and wouhl Ie fortheon-
ivg similarly in this instance.
Mr. Ljrner, Mr. Wyatt's associate, then
ointed OUt the necessity In
for oving
promptly in advancing the program. Hie
enpihasized that it aes necessary for all
lahom and management grlupslto reognize
?owY the enormous voltime of eo((l lruction
work ahead and, therefore, the a rgcncy of
(Continued on page 1531
APRIL, 1946 121

C/le&i lo
w lo ezi
e*o" Yiawtane
Ymca'enprse

a:~

GO TO YOUR LOCAL TO BE ELIGIBLE FOR BENEFITS- TO BE ELIGIBLE FOR BENEFITS-

U. S. EMPLOYMENT SERVICE YOU MUST BE OUT OF WORK YOU MUST HAVE EARNED A
OFFICE, REGISTER FOR WORK, THROUGH NO FAULT CERTAIN AMOUNT OF PAY
AND FILE A CLAIM FOR OF YOUR OWN. ON JOBS COVERED BY
UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE. YOUR STATE LAW

TO BE ELIGIBLE FOR BENEFITS-
YOU MUST BE AVAILABLE
FOR SUITABLE WORK (IrS
IMPORTANT TO KNOW HOW
THE TERMS "AVAILABLE"
AND "SUITABLE WORK" ARE
INTERPRETED UNDER YOUR
STATE LAW).
TO BE ELIGIBLE FOR BENEFITS-
YOU MUST BE ABLE TO WORK.
IN MOST STATES, NO BENEFITS
ARE PAID WHEN YOU ARE SICK.
IF YOU ARE ELIGIBLE UNDER
YOUR STATE LAW,YOU WILL
GET WEEKLY BENEFITS, BUT
G4icrn.
THERE'S A WAITING PERIOD
(erce in Marylond) BEFORE
CLAIMS ARE PAYABLE,
ITDOESN'T START UNTIL YOU
FILE YOUR CLAIM.
DON'T DELAY FILING*

ARE YOU ELIGIBLE FOR UN-

IF BENEFITS ARE DENIED
YOU. YOU MAY APPEAL
YOUR CASE AT NO COSTTO
YOU AT THE OFFICE WHERE
YOU FILED YOUR CLAIM.
EMPLOYMENT INSURANCE?
HOW MUCH WILL YOU RE-
CEIVE IN BENEFITS?
IF YOU HAVE WORKED IN
MORE THAN ONE STATE,
CAN YOU COLLECT UNEM-
PLOYMENT INSURANCE?
ANSWERS TO THESE OLUES-
TIONS VARY FROM STATE
TO STATE.
FOR INFORMATION ABOUT
YOUR OWN STATE LAW,
(1) VISIT YOUR NEAREST
STATE UNEMPLOYMENT
COMPENSATION OFFICE,
OR
(2) CONSULT YOUR UNION UNEMPLOYMENT
COMPENSATON IS INSURANCE,
SOCIAL SECLAITY COM- NOT CHARITY. IF YOU HAVE
MITTEE.
EARNED ENOUGH WAGE
CREDITS AND OUAUFY FOR
UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE,
THAT INSURANCE IS YOURS
BY RIGHT.
126 ,,,
BATTLESIHIP N CONSTRUCTION
U. S. lbo, turned out the equipment tht enabled
our fight.ing men to win 'he war.
N our last chapter
we spoke of that black
day in the fall of '29 when the mighty
stock market ,rashed, paralyzing the
whels of iniustry and throwing our whole
emnonic system into chaos. That story is
one only too familiar to most of us. We ir-
member the millions thrown out of work,
losing their homes and savings, 'e remnem-
her the vain searching for work, the bread
lines. the vacuous eyes of hulgly men who
waited patiently in front of soup kitehens.
'Wermeendr the bank failures, the bonus
marchers, the apple sellers. the "forgotten"
men. and all the attendant ills that aecom-
paiidu the ,lu.riot: period. We remember
tie inligmities our self-respmet suffered in
that "ll-other, ran you spare a dime?" era.
We remember how things grew worse and
worse Until by 1932 one out of every our
workers was without a job. During those
years from 1929 to 1932, our Government
did little to aid the suffering people, so on
election day in 19:32, it was not surprising
that an overwhelming majority voted for a
change of Administration and President
IooseveRlt and the New Deal Gouvernment he
represented came into office. Before he was
inaugurated in Mach. 1933, our economic
situation hit ai all-time low.
A New Philosophy
There was a new philosophy behind the
New Deal Administration. President Roose-
velt was convinced that a balance in our
economic system must be achieved. tie felt,
as did many of his constituents, that low
wages were principally responlble for
periods of economic depression. Workers
could not afford to buy back the goods they
produced. The quantities of insold goods on
the mathert cau.ed factories and stares to
close throwing people ont of work and eaus-
ingm.ore goods to go unsold-losing down
mor factories-the result -a vicious circle,
swirling wildly and widely until the maeI-
Itrom of depression is reached.
Acting under guidance of this new philos-
ophy, the New )Delsought to increase the
puchaosing power of the people and created
projects to mae work tor them, replacing
the ieagre dole that had merely been keep-
The Journal
Joural of~~~~~The
~~~~~~~~~~~ ELECTICAL WOI1KEBS
ELECTRIChL WORKERS sodl
and Opmtors
p
4#n4ica LABOR
Macta q84,4d
Through depression and conflict, the Lewis' leadership, the Committee for Indus-
trial Organization was established. The
unions march forward to accomplish name of thie C. 1. O. was liter changed to
miracle of production. Last of series Coosg'ss of Industrial Organizations and it
became a permanent federation of national
industrial unions. To date all attempts to
ing them alivte itl protuctive jobs which mend the split in the labor movement have
paid them wages,. failed a sad situation--for American work-
The Civilian (ienservation Cop,n the Fed- ers are in need of united strength.
criI Emergeneyv RPief Ad i..tiratioL the
Reconstruction Fil..rpr The C. I. 0. rise matched the growth of
(ao-lotion. the
Public Work Adninistralion were al the A. F, of L. and the independent unons.
el'ated to stinmulat and in 1945 the combined membership of all
hi,ploylnent for the was approximately 15,.000,000 members.
relief of the people. Molt inapeint*. to labor
was the eIrgene nlcmeasure. the National
Industrial Reov.rvy Act. The NRA was set Industrial Giants Conquered
up by the Governnmnt with e aid of repre-
seItatives of labor and invdustry, and codes The C. I. O.did a tremendous campaign-
for several hundred industries were , dawn ing job and they really accon. plished much
ip. U.iler a in nket agreenent, many con- of what they set out t do in organizing the
dilins most adni 1tageousitothe Amelrican unorganized Manyy of the huge industrial
wrnker were brought about. firms that had for years stood as bulwarks
of anti-labor and opm-shop policy finally
Federal Aid For Trade Unions succumbed to the intense pressure of the
President Roosevelt. acting on his belief C. 0.o. rganizers-U. S. Steel. Chrysler.
that the best way to end the depression was Goodyear Rubber, General Motor,-one by
to increase the Ipurchasing power of the io- one they signed contracts. (C. i. 0. also or-
pie, realized that a virile labor mowment ganized the textile workers whose wages and
was one of the strongest forces to raise working conditions had long been a disgrace
wages. Therefore he acted to have laws to American indusryt.
passd favorablehi to de unlions,. These giants of industry were wealthy
The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 and powerful but the C. 1. O. had sufficient
(also known as the Wagner Act) was the funds. capable leaders and millions of work-
most important of these laws and marked a ers anxious to join a union. Moreover the
decided (hange in Coverlnrenu policy toward Federal Adminstration was behind them.
trade unionam in pearetime. This act recog- Of c.urse there were Icvertss. the most
nized the right of workers to bar rot
Min notable of which was the Meniorial Day
letelively and made discrimination against Msacarre in 1937 which resulted from the
U lions and unionists against the law. Lt Steel Workers Organizing Committee's ef-
established a Natinal Labor Relations fort to organie "Little Steel" (name given
Board. to Bethlehem, Republic, Youngstown Sheet
Other Iegislation favorable to libor was and Tube and Inland. to distinguish them
the Wnlsh-Henley G.,vernment Coitracts from "Big Steel" by wbieh the inited States
Act which led up to the Fair Laio, Stand- Steel Corporation, already organized, war
ards Act establisbhilng a floor for wages and known). Efforts to close the steel mills by
a ceiling fIr hours. The New D)eal accom- pitketing were met with violent reaction-
plished much in the way of abolishing child strike breakers, tear gas. machine guns. A
labor. It passed laws providing old-age pen- g'oup of w.rkers preparing to picket the
sions, unemployment insurance i short South Chicago plant of Republic Steel was
Governmen ass.umed responsibility tol its charged upon while still some blocks away
people's wlfare. fromn the plant, by a band of police, and eight
Under the encouragement offered by the strikers woere killed andi many more were
Administration. the unions againi, grew wounded. This eidad the efforts to organize
strong. A million new mere ers joined the "Little Steel" at that time.
A. F, of L. durilg the two years that the In spite of this defeat and others, C. I. 0.
NIRA was in existence alone. grIew and organized workers in shipyards,
offices. packing houses. retail stors,. radio
Labor Movement Is Split plants and others. State and city industrial
Abbout the year 1934 an itiher milestone in union councils similar to A. F. of L.'A cen-
the history of the Amerivan labor move- tral iabor unions and tate federations were
meat was reached. W0 rfer to the unfor- set up. In 1945 the C I 0. clainmedi a total of
tunaote split in the mivement. appro.imately six million members in some
The mass idustries for cxampice-auto- 40 national unions.
mobile, steel, ruhbbher and others were as yet Meanwhile as we stated before, the
Imnroranivid, A. F of L. wasr ntorgnization A. F. L. unions, the ailiroad Drotherhoods
of craft union... I'hse mass prod uction in- and other imnepndent unions were toing
dustries did not it into this vertical type of forward, and backed by the approval of the
organizatiin; conditions made it necssary Government increased and grew strong. By
that they be organized as one industry. 1945, A. F. of L. had about seven million
When Ibe A. F olf i. ailed to ac...mplish workers is ranks.
this industrial o.ganizatio., a ne.v labor
body sprang up. In 1935, unde, John L. (Coantined on page ILM)
AP1RIL, 1946
Senaxt M oacu
41vo f/eatnca-V ARBITRATION
By WAYNE MORSE, U. S. Senafor, Oregon
(Erxcrpts from S ,eaotur Mo*se's iddress.
before Awricre 72'Jade AssocIati(. ececa-
tires.)
WOUI.D like to tak quie intfonmall> ith
you about the general problem of the
rights and responsibilities of industry in
the field of labhor orlations today, and then
you may subject me to cross-examnnaion
wben I close. don.'t
. expet you to agree with
all my viewj i. its any moe thatn labr
nrganization s with whom I dica.ss these
problems agree with nie, beeaui we are
dealing here with a subject so eontroversial
that reasonable men, if they are intlhletual-
ly honest, are bounl to disagree. I don't think
anyone, however, should discuss ally do-
mestic issue thvse, days without Ilating to
it the all important interaotionar issues....
Basic Premises
I think there are three o foor prleises
which, for pulposes of this disrusioei, we
ought to consider basic. One is that a irvolu-
tion is taking piac, in the minls of mer the
world around. lWhy
ignore it? You aren't
going to be ablc to get away flon it. We
are enltering into an era 11ow1of ih, great-
est ellightenlmen. ib the history olf aln. We
have developed in America the n.ostIn-
lightened woikers of any peoples oIf the
world. IL is a dil.ct resIult of 150 years of
fiee educalioi. This enlightenmen it which is
a dir't product o. the gleat publicity
forces, educatioal forces and adlertaisig
forers, has beet iwoaighr ovrt tib years
.rs
iloil the eollsul of America,. Free.i.l.u
eation anid trade advertising hi.ve prodi.ce
g iant deal of wishing and desiri img iI the
part of workers and consumers for a bettel
staldard of living. Unless you wiant to
slalllp oUt the toires of ed.caltii, ,tiless
you want to try to stop the corn .on Illen
anti women of America from thinkigs, you
"ar goine to finLI it imp,,ible to ptreeit
their ever-pressing d.emand for an increasing
sihle of the products of their labor. Tk;ht is
basic economielabor fact and industlial
statcnmen wiho ilo not recognize it, I thhid%
will pulla Samson act in the house of pri-
vase industry.
Now, I happenito be one who intends to
fight for the Ireserv.tion of a eapitalistie
systei of economy il America if for no
other ragson thalt fo. the riason that I at
satsfihed. as a tudent of history, that com-
nt .llen. and women will enjoy a better
standtrd ofdlvif g under such a system than
umidel: any state economy that canr possibly
he devised by politicamns. But that d.aes not
Lmake mi blind to ,oe, of the nistalcs of
emiphlayers ir th, fieid of labor relatia, . As
I have appeared before labor granps tsoni-
times in the midt of their '"boos'" and
pointed out to ithim that they have a great
interest in the profit system, I now point
out, algo, to ym that there is no otheraeon
amy that really develops and protects to
'a Te
Leader with wide experience on War
Labor Board addresses remarks to
labor and management
the same degree, as our American system,
the dignity of the individual ...
A Human Movement
The labor moveiettL is basically a eial
nlovne... . Let Inc ama clear that I dl. not
mean, a aocialistic movenmen, but athel' a
socil .inre,,lrtei. Or to put it another way,
it is a great human .inove.lenlwith so iany
facitls that it cannot be put in a legisla-
tive straitjacket. It is one thing to legis-
late gainst specific abuses of the labor
c.ovem.en. Sncii lbgislilion is not only it*c-
essary floml tine to ti me in order te pro-
ect the publie's interest, but such legisis-
tia will areleivthe siipport of labor, bus i-
nessmen, farmers and consumers genter ly.
However, on the other hanl. such legisla-
tion as cm.lulsor-rbitrate legislation.
which has the effect in Ilie last analysis .f
substitnitblg gove.rnm.nttl deree for free
collective balgalninlg, voluntary arbillat iln
anid c.l.l.lic acti ..n on. the part of ihlndustly
andi lbot, is bound to hiave the oplsiiian,
in the long run, of all econo.e.ic groups, atl-
ticularly industry and labor. Thus, yout will
find miost industiial leaders and most labor
leaders opposed to colioptmI[Sw arbitraio,,
because tiny see in it n attetnpt otn the
part of (Gouvernment to regiment thi co-
nooic lif, of the c.o.n. ry, and ftrthal, they
are Jel stie enough to know that the spirit
of inhdIendence, tmhe lve of liberty a.n.l free-
dom ei e((lno.ie. aotion. ale so basic in our
An..ica.rn way of life lthatany legislation
which sleks to stifle thlmn, is boond to break
down. Volumes of legislation and h.und..rds
of piioti will niot prevent free labo, a.ndI
free enipyerrs fromi striking and locking
out. because in the field .f labor relations
we are desineg i. a very teal senS with
freedom itself. Both labor and industry tar,,
and I think rightly so, ivernmental dihta-
tioni of relations.
Mlaor Such govelniaental
controls
a s CompulIsory arbitratio, are
eharacteritic of totalitarian states, be they
conmmu isti or fascist; and theae are
forces wihin our .Gover.nenttoday in this
Coun try which are unwiling to pay Sunle
of the prices of freedom, and hence rould
like to see a govelrnmleltly regi utedlld
]conotny . ..
Government Obligation
When I speak ab.out the obligation of
gowern.e.nt to protect the legal and mlio-
arty tights of innocernt prties and of thihd
prilties inl labor ontrvers I think of
such xaniple as thesi: The jumisdictiomal
dispute, I say to this audience, as 1 have for
years to other audiences, that I, for oiie,
believe that the jurisdictional strike is ab-
solutely unjustified in our country, and I
127
SENATOR WAYNE MORSE
have vet to hear a labor leader who has been
able to advane a single soond argnlilent
that justifies ginm out on strike because
his unin is i a jutisdietonal dispute with
another uniloL.My rtcord in this issue wa:
made longm bhfre I went into olities. I have
said in dcciion after decisiun, as an arhitra-
tor under a onetract, that I would iot iup-
port a stoppage of work ni er the eontrat
on the basis of a jurisdicti otal dispute. I
have hhld thai i wual not stppy.,tt a nniin,
as tar as a pickel line is .o.rl.ned. when-
ever tile pickt line is a collusive one re-
suiting frm a jurijdittioal dispute. 4
third paroty the employer as well as an
innocent public is danlmaged in his legal
rights by jurlsdictional strikes. The Bov-
emineit has an, obligation in such cases to
see to it ttat 1property rights of innoeant
parties are Iproteted by wbittever force of
law is neLessaty to plotact thei in such
cases. I consider such strilies a chalenge to
gsovernrant by law, and I have said so
mlany a ma1ny, timlles. ,
Contracts Must Be Kept
Because of the Ii its of tine, I will mon-
tion just one other point or ilabor's side of
the line. I ani a firm. belirev that when a
labr organization signs a ean tract, its sig-
nature shoutld be cherished as its bond.
Hence, in all my arbitlation work I have
taken the position that the contract must
speak for itself. I didn't write it. I didn't
sign it, but the parties did. If they signed a
poor one, that is too bad, hobut they cannot
have orderly peaceful procedure in labor
relations unless both parties live up to
their contracts. Hence, when either an em-
ployer or a union violates a contract ipo-
vision I think they should he hed responsi-
ble. I think they should settle disputes aris-
iig under a contract by voluntary albitra-
tion, If they don't I think the contract obli-
gations imust be enforced by government. If
labor and nmanageme.t don't want to conie
forward with such proed.ure as will permit
of contract eiforeement yvoluntarily, then I
(Contilued on page 15G)
 I
h Journal of ELECTRICAL WORIKERS ald Operatn
TThe
aln prefab house. They are architecturally

PUBLIC TASTE ki
acceptable from the point of view of appear-
lane. A number of them are built on the
Cape Cod plan; a number on the bungalow
typc and some follow the colonial type
house. hi view of the fact that this company

KGat Peat Sgala has had a good deal of experimene with

VERYBODY likes a horse-race. Not only
Atltericalts, but citizeis of all coiintries
delight in playing the ponies. Just now a
great horse-race is in tile making in the
field of housing. One entry into this grand
sweepstakes now jockeying for positioun is
that untested filly prefab. As everyone
knows "prefab" is a shortening of prffabri-
ratsd hoeses. Prefab claims to be the dar.d-
eot, fastest thoroughbred in the maritket. If
production ever gets going in these United
States, and the conshtuction industry begins
to solve its multitude of problems, prefab
is expected to not only enter, but show. The
ultimate decision in the contest will be given
by the spectators, i.e., the consumers of
houses.
Variety in Prefabrication
Extravagant claims are being made by
the manufacturers of prefabricated li.e,s.
Discounting the publicity in each claim, it is
apparent tiat many different manufactur-
ers are preparing to enter the lists with
manufactured homes. These are of different
types and different vairety. They all ac-
centuate speed as a great characteristic of
view of the fact that they operate union,
Scores of manufactured houses
oclkey for position to get consumer
dollar. Who will win?
with firms which practice good iabor sei-
tie.s, une of the chief criteria being the
achievement of collective bargaiuinug rela-
ons with bonn fide labor organizations."
House Is Light Sphere
The Dymaxion house is made of iilium
in the form of a perfect sphere with the
utilities built into the strleutre. The per-
feet sphere is light and suspended from a
mast. The whole house weighs on ly three
tons as compared with a frame house of the
same size which weighs 45 tons. The house
will sell at first for about $5,000 with all
the utilil les including two bathrooms.
2. Precisbim-Built lomes. Precision-uilt
NHomes are a product of a company operat-
ing from Trenton, New Jersey. They are
selling through department aohs,. The
houses pictured are more attractive than the
ho2mes of this type during the war alld ina
they conic with g'tr reoinmiendation
.SOlli.
than of the itati lIs attractive non-
uIlion types. Tile ±der1'isemlnents runenigl in
papers in large cities dsc.ribe the Precision-
Built Homes as "houses .uch as you would
build for yourself if you could afford piltns
drawn by a taented architect; if you could
hire one of Ameriea's foremost contractors
to do the construction. Yes, they do repre-
sent a new era in some building." These
houses advertise as selling for $5,400 to
$9,500 exclusive of lot If a lot costs from
$1,500 to $2,500 it is at once apparent that
these houses are not cheap in any sense and
will anot appeal to families looking for
houses around $5,000. The department stores
selling these homes offer services in orient
iug prospective customers in the procedures
of getting lots and other such mattem
Concrete Houses
8. A thini type of prefab house is being
pushed by the Le Touruea Technological
Institute. Longview, Texas. TnesTurneu is
iiot a newcomer to ujonist, of America.
He operates a factory i, Northern Ilinois
Continued on page 150)

0
the product. They are predicated upon the
assunmption that mass production of homes
should industrialize the field of building oa,,-
struation. They claim low costs as comparud
with conventionally built homes. They have
not substantiated as yet any of these elaim,. PfRCISIOl-UILT RHom Es CO*PO*ATIO*
All the types of prfabricated homes in- TlEKTO , n.J.
volve vital principles. Whether these hones Ootober }", 1945,
will be built within the factory by union 049uP-h
labor; whether they will be erected on the
site by union labor; whether they will ask
for adjustments in practices of union labor
are foremost in the situation. Here are some
of the proposals:
1. Dymaxion. The producers of the Dy-
maxion house do not like to have their prod-
uct described as a prefabricated house. They
prefer to have it called a mass production
house. It is manufactured by Fuller i.ouses,
Inc., Wichita, Kans, and it has attracted
ire attention in the labor world because With nWrmo.e to oMr tolot, omraatlaos- b" b n ctsoee
labor men are on the board of directors and wdth the oredM PodsrtiO of laboI
J b I th a.o. tt Ifa .p.,.
sly. eight thound hurs.
other labor lftIcials are on the top staff of
the eorporation. Harvey Brown ani James Our e,,,teno. with tha h, beeN vMry tnoble tra every suels*. o
Dickerson are on thu board of directors. Ufitsd of oariator. .d
lrotherhood noilne hal Wetld vlt Closly
Tile genius behind Dymaxion houses is ,ith as nd s firl they hlne doM everhtbiug suly possible to
Buckminster Fuller who began his opera- seepat.. On. Job 11sh a No at olt Leurd Wood tar tnY hNuit
tions as early as 1929. He actually invented hus. and whihb
l b i the OUtt, Wee have
out Ild iu tbpatsi l
this type of house in 1927. This particular for us to oelet, onWtil. te
Nod it aot bes for tbe bekina ta,
house is designed for mobility. After it is help rich o reoelved tr InilimalaIsl.
once erected, it can easily be pulled down We ar stronaly of the opine3i that - et hou
m Yut.tert I e
and shipped to another site. It was primarily U. of Union laor, "nd 'e .I.oozrlyh that or fultarie ireltla
designed for workers and their families to Will oatinue to be&s etieftry as they
M e Is t pOst. start
meet their social conditions. It is derived Roei to wak. er efforto o te par to a.. t1t this is so.
from airplane construction and can be built
With indaest retar -
in any airplane factory. The house is tb be
built on a lease arrangement or royalty
basis with subsidiaries. ThŽ contract be- Ssoretly Yatm
tween the palent company and the others
contains this clause:
"In production, distribution and installa- 64[-C:~ 1 .1dou aePt -
*PZ..ids'
tion, Dymaxion will deal whcrever possible htd .al
hd. , r.
APRIL, 1946
HIERE i in the making an attack upon
the building code of American cities
This will involve w irinig oal'ndh....,
plmindg OrlRinance. and other lehl
ters that h.ave been enacted over a periil
t-al-
of
the last 60 years. Such an attack was
Iaunched srelVl} years ago by Thu ian a
Arnohi whln he was Assistant Attoeyii
General of the U nited States. It was ..i. gud
that the building codes were tri ppinmg e m-
merep and flee traie by setting up ceritain
restriction oin the use of certain materils.
Sene of the newer typzs of hlolSiil. now
being proposed. namely, prefalbrated types,
find i-egulalions of cities as obstacles to the
sale nid distribution of these hunses to
customers,
Building Codes Are Heolth Codes
Buildin g codes are the resuflt of ineffort
by .Iltiniipiditibs to prIltett eitizens from
fire losses, bad sanitation and ill health.
Thy ight I be called health codes. Ilrvimn
been lassd over the years, there
.piecemeal
may well he inconsistencies in these coldes
to he iro.ti.d out. end there may e rie re-
strickive reguaiions that need toI e iol-
fld: ),ut i, the main. the codes are Irtec-
tils against bad cotSuclltion which, if they
did not exist, would be immediately ent:Leid.
very lime there is a costly ire at a iiht
lub that destioys lives, agita tion starts ill
over again by citizens for thehii i.rteeti..
The wiring codes and the plumbisg codes
are the .ost sablient examlie of paottction
legislLation by cities.
On page i57 of the January issue of the
qu.artrly publication of the National Fire
Proteetion Associ atin, there is a liiting of
the aurlss o fires in 1i945. Eerletial defecs
lead the list. The National Fire Protection
The deadly ¢ost o ire. "The S+. Clair Fir." by Carl Gaertner.
Mwaicipal Aai/din CODES,
What 4to4 Them?
Just now they are under fire,
principally from manufacturers
of prefab houses. Do they per-
form service?
Assocatimon exists to protect communities
from Jire hazids. Th'e puldliation says:
"It is to be hoped hait the prevalence of
ires in 19}15 triacable to iaek .,f knowledge
on the part of plant anaulimnt. inl their
introduct on of serious spcial Iand highly
hazardous proevsseL wti.hut adequate safe-
guards. suipposedI/l ?mde nccesshey, by the
requirements of h e nelad scbices diring
the u, will be
eliminated in 1946. As an
example, the us if large qantitiies of
paraffin wax for protection of letlWI parts
and bomb c ases
against crrosion contrib-
uted to the raid spread of fires which were
imnpossible for sprikller sytdil, s or public
fire protection agencies to o!etrel.'L
Electricity As a Couse of Fire
Going' back beyond the year 1945, the
records of the Nation Fi.al
Fir Protection As-
sociation show tha't ep1ict ity has been an
in.cr'easi g fire cns efior yeails othb ablso-
lutely and in piopi..tio.l to l.les from other
carses. Until .now, elicti-iiiy cases a
12I
greater number of fires than any other listed
cause with but one exception. It raises a
much greatal nonetary loss thai. ally other
listed crise xi hout exception. 'hi' annual
fhre i losfr
in l electrical deftet is isted as
exceeding $5;0UU,000.
Abitt ii0lciti s in the United Slates have
some form of wiring ordinance. M,,t of these
odla11....es l.ieive in one way or, a.other
frol thl National Electrical C ihe Na-
Tiie.
tiwnal EletIeial Code isa bIod... sI;i...arads
wol:rd ol aiid set up by the naLhr,nal ele-
trid malii.iitce, a subsidiary otA the Na-
tinal Fire' Protection Assi,ci;ti.i(. TIhe Na-
tihnai EIctrical Code has this to say about
its putpos:
Furpoe and Srope. The p.ujloe of this
code is the pratlcal safeguardln., pir eon
and of buildlins and their col nts, 111m
erleticai hiazards arising from the use of
electricity tel ight. heat, power. rmdlin,
siptllmislv andi for other purpose. It covers
the ele'trio conductors and equipnirit in-
stalled within or on public .anl private
buildiings i nd other premises, inrualing
yards, elrnival and parking lots, and induis-
trial substations also the conuihctors that
connect the installations to a Siluplly ioele-
tricity, InIl other outside eodutleol's adja-
eeit t0 th plenisis.
It does
lriot over installations ii mines,
(C{linue/d on page 156P
 ill
oai4sm
AMERICA
TIHE war years ha,,led the face of our
country ill several ways, conspicuous of
which were the depletiun of mineral re-
sources and the rapid development of power
I.oducLioUr faciities. The former leaves us
with enough iron ore. nitrogen, magnesium,
salt. bituminous coal anid lignite, phosphate
rock, molybdenum, anthracite and potash to
last 100 years or more. Minerals of which
we have less than a S5-year suplly are
petroleum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, nickel,
baixirt/ chromite, ma cadmium, among
others of lesser importal.ce. Strategic metals
of which there is an even briefer supply are
mananaese. vanadium and tungsten. The
Department of the Interior has begun an
accounting of the minerals that we have
still in our reserves in order to make the
picture more nearly complete with respect
to the available mineral supply.
To Conserve Our Supply
To ass.ue economy in the ependitumc of
the remaining resources, to provide for
erises and exhausted materials, and to facili-
tate the greatest extraction possible of ores,
the department recommends that we con-
tinue experiments in all of our processes for
beneficiaring low-grade ores, find more effi-
cient methods of re-using scrap metals, de-
velop methods to induce operators to take
more oil from nearly dry wells, regulate
production inethods o ninimize waste in the
process of mining, prevent unnecessary use
of scarce and essential reserves, stockpile,
and intensify our exloration for new
reserves.
In speaking cf plans for the future, the
Secretary of the Interior reveals that the
largest undertakings that the Department
of the Interior contemplates are coneerned
with regional projects and the exploration
of the continental shelf.
Regional development is seen as an im-
proved technique for developing, using, and
conserving our resources by the usual
means. This covers such subjects as irriga-
tion, flod control, improved navigation,
The Journal of ELECTRICAL WORKERS and Operalors
PAice frs*/64
Report of the Secretary of the In-
terior throws light on depletion of
national resources
propagation of fish and wildlife, eteatisn
rid p reserva.tio of recreational facilities,
and the alleviation of stream pollutioin,
reation of new reservoirs, power plaints and
dales.
Taking this opportunity to make his posi-
tion clear in the matter of regionslism, Mr.
Ickes points out that where he branches
away from somet.others supporting valley
developments is mailinly on the question of
administration. lie envisages many valley
authorities, which. if i.ndependently admin-
{sterdl, he believes may cause friction, or-
ruption and inefficiency. lie is of the opinion
that the administration of the authorities
should clear through the Secretary of the
Interior to the President.
The Continental Shelf
Conerning the so-called '"acquisition.' of
the continental shelf. the Seretary of In-
teorol explains that the President in two
proclamations asserted our sovereignty over
the mineral resources of the shelf, ael
jurisdiction over the fishery resources of
the high seas contiguous to our lands. The
shelf is all of the oean floor around the
United States and its territories that is
covered by no more than 600 feet of water
an area almost 827,000 square miles. The
Seretary of the Interior states that the ex-
ploration of this region will be a major un-
dertakiug of hisaWical import. Geologists
expect that the area will yield rutile, sul-
phur, ilemenite, chromite, monazite and
other heavy minerals. The development of
techniques for reovering from deep waters
the oil that is almost assuredly in rome parts
of the shelf appears possible to the experts
of oil companies as well as other scientists
and engineers.
With regard to the expanded power facili-
ties, the most imposing problem is to find
Then s can be mede to givo up rich mino'ls.
new markets to utilize the energy that
formerly went into the war effort.
Bureau of Reclamation
The bureau of thle Diepamrttuir of ilhe I,-
teror which concelrs itself with power de-
velopments is the Bureau of Reclamation.
The operations and proposed operations of
it seem t be almost exclusively west ,f the
1Oath meridian or bisected by it. They con-
sist of work with dans, irrigation systerms,
power plants and .reervoirs for flood con-
trol on the ivers in the 17 western states.
The projects in operation combined with
those which have been proposed. will .en-
Liliute to tIla siaLtilal ell-hbeing in tLh, f.l-
lowing ways: provide around 200,000 new
i iigated fartis for settllment, construction
jobs for as many as 400,000 workers amnd
woi-k for thousandms of others who will be
employed in factories, mills, mines and
transportation as anxiiaries feeding the
projects with spplws afford large ani.ullnts
of low-cost power for diversified uses create
opportunities for other workers such as
far.ners, tradesmen and professional people
i new and expanded areas; increases the
purchasing power of the West for products
of the East; diversify and tend to balance
the economy of the West.
The burea'.s postwar inventory of proj-
ects listed 415 proposed for coistructio,
including those begun, authorized, and still
in the planning stages. It is estimated that
they would cost about five billion olelars,
most of which the secretary believes would
be returned to the national treasury, They
are designed to coordinate rosoure! develop
mnet on a basin-wide scale in each of the
15 major river valleys of the West.
Increase In Power
During the war the areas already unier
the influence of the bureau's projects con-
tributed substantially to the winning of the
war through increased food supplies and
waterpower production. The output of the
bureau plants has quadrupled since 1941 ani
the nearly 14 billion kilowatt-hours pro-
dueed in 1945 makes the bureau the largest
single power-producing agency in the world.
The bureau's program for developing the
river valleys of the West has obviously faI-
reaching objectives and consequences, the
ultimate extent and nature of which it is up
to Congress to decide. The Flond Control
Act of 1944 approving the joint plan of the
bureau and the U. S. Corps of Engieers
(Continued on page 152)
APRIL, 1946
tallintions that went to TVA cost $2.700.000

sd4-C r View of the lital puicllase price of $%700.000. the

,est of which was borne by the unicipali-
ies and cooperatives
iroperties.
for the distributinlg

o TVA P409 46u Rural Electrification

RurIl electifiation hls ber, exteniled to
10.0000 farms by TVA, and allotrether there
atLt. lt;3,000 ,lal coau 9,0010 of Whiom
,1er',
economics
.r an anaz-
Most recent report gives picture weo farm eutonl i'li added in 19i5. [The e-
STUDYl
mWIg ativityof early reveals
all 1, phases of sI rions onl Stliyirg civilian n during
I.e(,
existen.e. [I noubtedlY a large amouont of vast ramifications of planned the War preve nted
great ides Being
bi mIad,
of the success of the TeCIsTs.C.e Valley AuW regional development in r"lttl distributin of eleetrility, hlt f.rom
thiity is dIu to the egardil it has had ftr the tll.veys conduc[Led tr discover tLh Ihi of/L[nn
interr-elation ef ,,any forc.s that affect hu- ,,,,,,oers hat can he served, t iti .bat .sinlP
AltUh1 Lri rS percent of thei tll li systemn
ia beings on the alan drained by the Ten- that almost as /lilt' again as art, now cull-
lrnitlp w¢1> fron hvdroeletlir plhnts, the
nt.sse Rivet alt its tributaries. Navigation.
TVA ,te]ani-electrei All(tlg itailtin pro- suming TVA dlrieicily iIl linv" it within
food contr . Ipower productioll. chemical and int half kilowatt- the next three . t. years.
ive
forestation, indstrialo de- dueiid iov era hilli
experimeIitillio, hoies. iit, than haos beenq, g'nut'dl there With due regard to the cintliblitio, mrod,
vceblralnlt, I ese,,arl in the utiilizatioln
pri viouly. A deliinlstratiun lf the eIliciency by the TVA t the ILwar fforL ill ilie ielt o
o mnineral e a'e in, al ified by the
.i.eollr eletricity, the Aial Reo 1pLf the TVA
of lhe inew Waits ailr Stea l, planlt is that 1
TIVA in such a wa,y that they i ntlrihut to it O.lSt.ni.es.!. 5 .lllnds of cliil Il,e kiiowatt- for 1945 stailes itt "it is ,timnted that the
one illid
another, ore imporllltan, contrib- Tennressee Valley prodceed one-tenth of the
ilte in a Illilijicity of ways ito the wel- hour geinerater. conti-nsle d with I .1 polinds produceod foi war purposes by ili the
powr
areaof the perolde of the valley. In addition Iper kilowatt-lii..r. wheich is the aeriage for
all steam plaints in the United SLtars. pdblic and irivate power systems in the
to these fieis Io.lehed by the 'VA, If pal- An lgreenl..nt with tihe Aluninui (omn [ itned Statecs."
Licel-r intelret iS the way iii wLhh emlilpey- The ehemic,s] phiit at Muscl(! Sholsl pro-
ilay ,f Alneri;l was re-ach d whleh is oC
or-empoyere relitLioIs are nmi.itained and deed e]eicmntal phosphorous irO the (,hem.
ilo how th.lhe ple are bron, ht Ltocooera- impoitalnce to the efrectiveniess of Feentan
Danl sine. the latter is located ipstreainl cl Warfane Se-l:vie iirid i.l.in mn and am-
Lion both i Iheilr 1haing with theauthority from sine of the eight Aliol dams1 and [noliun niblrati for aiunitilii. anti fertiliz-
and o..e aillot he.
ostroam nfrlon others. TVA now directs ors, as well as calium cahbidie for a syn-
the stllr.ge ali (ae of water at these thtic rubber plant. Phosp'hatic fertilizers
Production Is the Watchword were not prodlueld in the usual luantities be-
dams and has worled out a system of power
Although the emphasis ont building a supply which is advmntageous to both TVA cause diealcium phosphate for animal feed
stronger valley remained deflected during and Alcoa. One Of the iargest aequisitionls supplements were in.eased l.II I the needs
the iscal year of 1945 since it was pninmialy of the war fm phosphorolus pevented it. At
a war year, actually the purpose was not of power geeneatin g and (istributtirg faeilit
ties by the TVA was the East Tennessee the unique Mircle Shoals plannL. electric fur-
changed, anli the practices to achie.o that Light and Power Compa..ny., purchased in nave smelting
hi.s been exprlienled wilth
purpose were not conspicuously altered. In- in order particul.-rly to cdliie phI'phoates
six nunilcipaltiles and one coop-
creased production, the watchwor id of the 1D945 with and t ansrls itting in- (Colllltied on page 152)
war, has always been a coinern of the TVA. erative.
The generating
Navigation farcilities were improved during
the year by filling the Kentucky Reselvtoir.
With little more wrllk, there will be a .illli
Lumn depth of II feet and a innimum width
of 200 feet throughout tile waterway froil
palducah, Kentumky, to Ki oxv il. Figures on
irivet trffic i..r thef first half of 1945 pro-
sigltd an illitcLas over that of 1!I94: and 1944.
More coke, coal. init grain were traLnsported
than in previous yeIars and new faeilities for
handling coal and grain were consnroucted
Informatin o,, specific commodities con-
eerning the ocroonmy of rive, trailnsport litio
has been gathered by the TVA. Cilrmulation
of this among the business interests of the
refion will probably result in a fuller re-
aiziation of the r.ssibilities of the Tennes-
see River as an artery of eomnlcer.
Flood control storage has been consider-
ably and importantly increased by the cls-
ure in the latter quarter of 1944 of the Ren-
tucky and Fontana Dams. lTe 4,000,00
acre-feet provided by the Kentucky Reser-
voir will decrease the flood crests at the
junction of the Ohio and Misiaslippi Rivers
from two to four feet, an amnlliant which
would prevent many millions of dollars of
dai.a.e at a,timen f thireatened disister.
The 5,000.000 Ilree-feet of control torage
cr-eated by the Fentana Dam will be of par-
ticular advantage to Chatmanoogfa which was
furlllrlub j'uue, to u riigcer wh¢,n
dlinstlI
the Tennessee livelr was in flo.id.

The Power of TVA

The total almount of electrleity generatled
by the iintegrated system of the TVA was
nearly 12 billion kilowatt-hours for 1!45 anl
power revenues amounted to $8,88.000.i
IVA power went to more than 600,000 ulti-
late constIlets. End produce of WA regional de.elopm.nI
 ---- I

The Journal of ELECTRICAL WORKERS andi Operalors

Eare taught that the Lord God formed
the first man fori the dust of the
W ground and planted a garden east'rld
in Eden in which every tree that is pleasant
to sight, and good for food, did grow. In
that Garden of Eden Adamn was installed
and endowel with jurisdiction over all of
the fruits of the trees except the fruit of
the Tree of Knowledge which, it was or-
JAMSPRESTOn
- Tenaan
nse
dained, must remain inviolate. By JAMES PRESTON, International Represontative, I.B.E.W.
For somereason, not divuleged, man be-
caIe lonesone. Apparently pathetically so.
Dropping off into a deep slumber Adam I- er Complete understanding of any But down to earth again and we find that
,vawakened minus a rib but with a glorious inteinatlional jurisdiction reached its modern
creatureheside him whom he called wmvan probleom lessens the impact and zenith in World War 11, when the misan-
lbcause she came from man. eases the burden thrope Iitler attempted to realize a dream
And the woman looked upon the Tree of of w, Id-wide jurisdiction at the expense of
Knowledge. She had information, imparted millions of live, and the monumental de-
by a lowly serpent. that to partake of the Jurisdictional Rules struetios of untold natural wealth. This
fruit of that tree would make one all wise. II ( 7cefforts Lo briig sonic o'rder out most ambitious of all jtriLsdictional disputes
Unable to iesist temptation she partook of of this seeming chaos were put forth. but brought on an understandsanble elamo for
the forbidden fruit and peusueld.d Adam to even with divine wishes arrayed against the the formation of a supreme court for the
sample a delicious morsel. For this dis- forces of disorder. the inborn perversity of peaceful. or should we say on-combat, ad-
obedience both weare banned from the mankind resisted all such efforts. The deptli judication of intenamtional jurisdictional
Garden, of Eden. of such pervarsity may be gauged when it elaim.
IL is thus we are informed of the first is recalled that even when faced with the Even in the United States, with the moat
jurisdictional boundaries ever to be estab- threat of eternal hell-fire for disobedience enlighteneud people of all lands providing
lished; the violation of those boundaries and to tLi Ten Conminmandmnent-all of which are such articulate and outstaldling c-usaders
the penalty for such iotation. more or less jurisdictional rules--mankind for human understanding as Washington,
continued to be obstinate and wayward in Jeter..on. Franklin and Lincoln. mankind's
Whither, Homo Sapiens its approach to the rights and privileges of scourge of jurisdictional strife, while anmlio-
But perhaps some agnostic or even athe- fellow humans. rated somewhat, neverthe.ess is still ram-
irtie eyes may cast a skepticil glance pant to an undesirable degree.
on Early apitalizel in feudalismn, this per-
these lines and pooh-pooh such historical versity of human nature became a highly In Pence As in War
notation. Therefore, inasmuch as this writer specialized meanis Iof accumulating wealth. It is not only in physical combat for the
contemplates drawing a moral from this Thus jurisdictional strife became a real
story, we do not want to leave ally foresee- elementary needs of life, however, that the
business venture with huge grants of landed problem of jurisdiction arises. It is evident
able loophole through which a non-believer estates as a reward for the victor. and prevalent in so-called peacetime trading.
might escape. Consequently, we must neces- Or, the advent of ocean navigation, juris- The high-toned slick magazines and their
sarily delve slightly into the unbeliever's dictionaI disputes took on an inter-conti-
theory on the origin of homo sapiens in poor relations, the "pulp" periodicals, to-
nental aspect with vast numbers looting and gether with our daily newspapers are chock
which the story is told that man emerged pilferiug the more vulnerable and wealthier
froea series of incidents involving first a full of eye-filling appeals by which dealers
portiors of this planet we call earttl Now and hrokers ill the vrious commodities
primitive marilne eistenee, evolving irto a with inlter-planet y comnmunicatiorns nlui- make bold, often times daring, bids for each
land animal and developing into what we inn in the itnn-t.I.-diaTI futur, it ,may well othcr's mnarkets. The highlly capitalized field
are as of today. hie that other planets will be drawn iito the of radio broadcasting exists only by virtue
Again, howeverL ini the unhclh.ver's vague Vortex.
and somewhat disco.nnectd thnory it is clar Continued onLpage 151)
that the qluestion of jurisdielto ina alay-
p
peared as a dominant factor.
We can readily visualize tile mole.ular
marine deposit which was later to becolie
man, battling for existeince agailat the
"oceanic elements ot destruction, and the
fierce jurisdictional struggle on that early
inhospitable seacoast when this alleged pro-
genitor of mankind was foired to wrest air
sustained lif, from thc highly eompetitive
weather, vorac iots alnphiblans and. later,
Lravenous deniens of pir-historic forests.
Following through we are nce.ssarily
mindful of the early antagoinisms in which
brother fought bitterly against brother in
Jurisdietional strife centered principally on
possession of foodl or shelter. Later we find
development in family, clan, tribe. sectional,
and national life, which, through recognition
Of conmou needs and cooperation to fill
those needs, gradually reduced the number.
but not the cause, of jurisdictionai d sputes.
It is quite evidlent from all such available
sources of history that mankirid was con-
teived as a competitive animal and is
doomed forever to remain a, Luch.
The intervening eons between mas be-
ginning and the start of modern civilization
need only be given a cursory glance for
purposes of this article in that it is obvious
human existence ' ais always been tenuous
and consisted Thiefly of one jurisdictional
scrap after another in cnltinuous succession. Through Krme and space. iurisdicnfonl problmos hey, boon *ver-t.sfnf. 'Shores of Lake Lahonfon" by
Mavnard D.ron.
APRIL, 1946 133

Spea/
*N flaPynia w haa
Brother, nenbher of L. U. No. B-f;86, who
lives by the theory that every new union,
card makes his caid more valuable. The
result is that he organized the Tug-Sol
Plant in Wataherly as a mnuiufleturlng
division of the Hlazlelon eonstruclion local,
700 members.
lie went away to the Army but was only
in a short time when he received a medieal
discharge. Upon coming home he again
started his organizing hobby. First, he or
gauized a BIBidin Trades Council. When
this was well uuder way, he oganized a
Central Labor U ion. This was still not
enough so he teamed up with the local
teamsters and orgniized the Retail Clerks
of ilazeton. Theu nice part about it is, they
are all suessful. The Clerk uionk now
has five of the largest stores in llialeton
unlder contractan'.d "Hank" is till wo rking
hard.
Now to get to that wife business. "lank"
was so busy writing up newvspaer articles
and laying out copy for circulars that his
PaLw o/ Teatnwo4
wife picked uip luite a bit of talent along
tile writing lines. She has startcl
his ear to organize the housewives.
article is as follows:
They Really Needed Organization
Lo bend
er first
awd q~a Cdipenihq
Some day in ye.rs to come this nOay really
happen. It will be the greatest organization By JOE ARNOLD
that labor will know.
I)oes an organizer ever think about his Joe Anod is the son of E. I. Amold, bs/iniy mnlager, L. U. No. 1430,
wife at home all day putting in hours that Blrunswick, G Weeooi. is ta cher asked his class o write aI th.eme on team-
,When
total about twice his work day? Does he work, the boy produced the following. It has tle fatr aitons ,ipit.
ever try to organize us? No, for he would
be the one we would have to contract with. The welfare of the comuntry depends upon those who
After cleaing, washing, ironing and tak- have learned how to do the things that ought to be
ing care of the children all day, comes the done. The good American gets the best possible
evening and her only expected reward is his education from those who have learned how to do the
return. She is so anxious to see him and right thing in the right way.
talk to him.
Then the door npeis. he rushes in, cats his He takes an interest in his work and will not be
supper, then the telephone. then he bathes, satisfied with slipshod or merely passable work.
then the telephone, then he shlves-a few And when he has done his work he will not envy those
words and theiln out to Building Trades who have done better or received larger rewards, for
meeting, Central Labor Union,*Eletlieian s, envy spoils both the work and the worker.
lietail Clerks, Plinmberbrs, Painters, and my,
oh, my, why are there so many different Every good American works in friendly cooperation
unions! with his fellow workers.
I ask, 'Must you do everything?" Then he
says, "Honey. I 'l working hard in hand One man alone could not build a city or a great
with the eclrgymnan. e saves people's souls railroad.
for heaven idri I save their tandarid of
living on earth." The good worker keeps his things in place for
"Hank' laughed when he was presented disorder means confusion and waste of time.
with the atirk ati hle aid. "I'm going to
use you ini i.ywork, dalmlg." H,1r .c.m- He is cheerful. Cheerlessness depresses the
ment was, "l gLi es I'1 bbe L slied with worker and injures the work.
having hnim lake me out Saturdays and In order to have bread, men have sowed miand
Sundays for Ii really proud of hinm, and
I guess I couldn't love him if he wasn't a reaped, men have built plows and threshers, men have
good union man for I come from a miner's built mills and kept stores. Only by teamwork is the
faoily." country advanced.
 434 The Jouulal of ELECTRICAL WORKERS aid Operators
these reasons each ignitron tube is shipped
LOAD separately in a contai that should not
be dropped ar tipped. A damaged
tube can-
not be rpclairedl ules it is a large tube
which can be taken apart.
The smali ignirion tubes are about three
inches in dimleter, have a wall of steel,
solidly joined to the bottom or cathode
connection of the tube. The wall of the tube
is a conductor aned
. hiould be treated as such
when the tube is in operation.
a The anode is made of graphite (carbon).
In radio work the aude is the same thing
as a plate in a tube. It is held in place by a
specl gla seal which also separates and
insulates the anous! connection Irom the rest
el the tube.

Construction of the Ignitron

The igniter, or stmter, is a piee of spe-
cial mateinal whi eh is ploin d so tha t it dips
slightly into the mer[ury pool. The igniter
connection is a separate small wire which
passes th-ough the iaot.tm of the tube with
a space between the two wals for It water
FIGURE jacket. The water, which is for ooliung tile
hIn. shin..ld be put in at the bottom of the
tube and the outlet :it the topl of the tube,

/ % zeute nt e M ci ntoactc s so if, for any reason, the water supply is

cut off there will still be water i, the tube.
Xhen these smnail tubes bcomile defectile

q7a
they have to be replaecl as they cannot be

Yn ELECTRONIC
repaired.
The next size of igiitron tube is about
18 inches in diatmeter. These igniti,.ons, and
the larger ones, are ,inonuted
out iI the open
By GEORGE W. ROBINSON, L. U. No. 329 anti the frame, ir fmoundation, is tnounltd
oll imulatis. AS the voltage is from 250
volts up to 3000 volts, shoul be,caretaken
N CE installa
eratiln tidusti aleetoi
d .laed right in op-
ppagalti
Practical tips on important phase to see that there isn't ally grease or dirt
will eqwi, only prventive maintenance of new work in expanding field on the insulatorssai they should be cleaned.
to keep it in good l]ereitil.g conditio. at regular intervals. It is constructed like
The inportance of preventive maintenance the smaller ignitron, but a shieMl and a baffle
The tube should nver he han dled or arried have been added; namiely, the anode shield
cannot b over-emphasized. Equipment must
be kept irunieflicintl
fg , if it is to serve by the lexible topper conIlectionl at the top and tile igniter hattle. II .wevnr, ho h are to
its purpose. tlipnlellt that is imlproperily or by the smnalle igiter connection below. prevent an are hauk when the ionization of
nlailtlin..!d will rapidly blecone useless. But Also, as the merely idsidi the tube is very the mnerury starts. An are Irack is tile e-
blfo/1 the nnalllterlanet Larts, the equip- he;ay, it can danma, thln igniter if the velse flow of the current. Once all arc bak
leont, of cnuris, nlust be installed. tube is ilpped or tuinei too suddenly. For is formed. it ,ill ialniitaui itself as lIong as

Care in Installing
Care should be wtakln in the unpacking f
tubes and electronicequipment. The en-
clnsing case of the electronic equipment
shoul.. be fastenold in place before the tubes
are mounted in it. It should be mounted in
a ipace where one can get to it easily for
eheckinig, or min intaihlg If the tubes are
vacuum tubes it can be mounted upright,
or down flat but If the tubes are ignitirons,
"mercury vapor tube," the case must be
mounted in a vertical position so the igni-
toils will be hel straight up and dowin.
Regardless of whether the tubes are vacuum
or mlereury vapor tubes, do Tiot fastenl the
case. to a machine or support that shakes
very mulh for this vibration can damage
any tube. Also, if the tubes are ignitrons the
case cannoct be placed where it is subject to
freezing wearthe as the ignitrons use water
for cooling, and the water must not be al-
howed to freeze in them. Installation of the
ignitron rectifiers consists simply of putting
the unit in place and connecting the con-
trli leads, power laler
Icads, anid supply.
In installing the small ignitrons, when un-
paeicing them, the ignltron tubes must be
handled carefully to prevent damage Al-
though the tube is mostly steel. the glass FIGURE 2
seal at the top of the tube can be easily
broken by bhmping or dropping the tube, Three Phase Half Wave Reotifier
APRIL, 1946
the current is conducted to the tube. How-
ever. tho are back shuhld cause the l),rning
of protective circuit licaker, or the blhowig
of fuses. When installin g the water supply
to the larger ignitroLns, a piece of copper
tubinig should be e i d iside
net each Iof
the hose connetiolns to the unit as this
will helpl, prevent electrolyis from ruining
the pipe on the tube.
The next size of a mereury are rectifier
is about four feet in diameter. and they are
olns'ucited fon the sanie priciple as i he
lhi'r two izes of rectifiers but have sev-
ra[l anodes in one tube. Aiso, they have a
more elahboate et of bafles. The igniter,
or silatr, is operated meehanieally. The
igniter is the part of the tube which is
most likely to eaus, an arc back first.
A spare tube or two should be kept in
stock to replace LuWles whaic worklg oi,
.them.
When a tube is installed, a reconr of
the date of installation should be kept. Also,
a spare igniter wonid cone in handy. After
an ;tic lack and 'epki.c'met.T of the igniter.
if tile aire hback is sill lreslt the tube
will haveto be dismlan.tled. Care sholid he
ta ken o t to let anything fall inside the
t *l'h n'IbImercury shlh.l be strained. and
the inside of the tuIbe shoul be vacuum
,Ianll.
.;. ler replacing thie part whi:h is
eulsihig the are bwk, T'he tube shou.l. never
be wiped out vwih a loth is the lint will
LhUi and mnay caurse aln ia Ihaei. Trash
in the ntercuirv can caue ani,arc back.

Ignitron in Operation
Next, we wili tahe the irniitro itn npera-
ilon whih ean only hbe usd on the P-C
aoltaft. It selves two purposes: one as a
swt'iieh. ni the other as a leetifer. It op.
elatts .only on the positive part of a cycle,
aInd due to filthe fat hat we have takelL
for lrnitel that urlenl lows from positive
CourItesy*t
A I JL ,' hLtami,,g
MlItlfa¼ ,U1a;
to liagtive, I shall cntinue to speak 4l
cirleiat l.ow from .iosi ive to negative as ELECTRONICS: INDUCTION HEATING UNIT WITH SPECIAL WORK HANDLING FIXTURE FOR
i repl;lir or mnlit.ll.l.c it doesn't .,,ake BRAZING.
any life erene anI the other eoneption will
only tendml to cuifUie. orssi;ihoa it. IHowever. if the I ltintenatlr c il~, in.pectiIn feeling, tightening, adjusting
The igtiiion cont actor is used as a switeh or ir io, enami tells him. no one has at- amld lubricatinF,
Ir. Spacitl safety pleioni
;.Ith
for closing and .pening the electric eir- Itnaptel to repair thte oii,nlpent and the u st
.be obselr'ved be.fre and during the
eit to ia pot welder orsimilar quinpmont. factorr man finds bit'tie-aotIu tubes, buihrid
application of p.revertivot maintennace pro-
'The larger ignitrons are useld for the con- UIp .e.is.ors. or shortled cl)aclitor anld cedies. Elect'rnics eljuipnl nt empinl.lys
version of electric power, where dc power burn ,marksa on the ease or ehassis that high voltages which are dangerous. All Ipow-
is neded; such as railways, nmining, 1eletro- Lhe oiflina] tlouble coa,d not have caused. ir should be nrplov¢d fromi the apparatus
plotiig. iiduistrial plants and other appliec- he may go to the boss. before testing i' t'el)airiig it. In clca Er
thins., They have iti) ril.ltlg ofr moviing piarts sonll'times tubber' g.lres
l may be used for
except the vacuu m pump and the water Course of the Ignitrons wiping of the equipment. Also capicitors
pIutmp. In Figure 1, the ignitirons are "fired" or should be dischaged before attemptti,g t
Curront cannot Ilo.w through the tube nlmdc to pass line eul.llnt by closing the repai' or replace putits of iect ron. c,
C qilp-
unless it has a start. The silsIli current to switch at 5. Then during the upper half nlenlt. A groun.di.ng stick, used to di clharge
the igritel'. or srlt.l, causes
. an art which A.B.C. of the war t,tle cLIrrent first ioes apacitors. carl he Isade by using a Ipiece
nlahtairis suflieient ionization of the moer- fromt line I hilrugh retfr 9. thro.gh of dry wood about two feet long and about
crvy till it is picked up by the anode anid switch 5, throu.gh ectifier 6 and into igniter %" in diameter. To onTe end of the stick
the tthe trrelt flows. The principle of the 7 into the mercu-y peool of tube T.1 to point securely fasten a piece of copper or brass
i,, iiro,,n i ovides a method of starting an It through the load ad) bhack to line 2. The about 8" long and at least 1/16" cross se-e
are reliably in a few microseeond s no it ignilet current will nmkte Luhe T.1 fire pass- tion in such a manier to form a "T",Solder
will work on the positive part of a 50 r 600 nlg the load current diretly from 1 i '3k or dIamup a piere of heavy flexible ground
Simiharly, during the lower half C.D.C. of cable to the metal rod where it fastens to
If a factor electronicy. eninee has to be the wave, the current flows first fron line the stick Attach a heavy clamp to the
called to repair electronic equipllnt. after 2 through the lead to 3, through rectifier other end of the wire. It can be fastened
the mantentance or repair ian has tried 6 and switch 5, through rectifier 9, thrulgh to a ground other than the frame as some-
to repair it aid cannot, the maintenance or igniter 8, and into the mercury pool of tube times the frame is on insulators and then
repair man should tell the factory man just T.2 to line No. 1. Thi igniter current fires by placing the rod across the capacitor
what lie has done towards repairing the tuab T.2 which .as.ses load current from tenninal ,rl to ground it will dischore
cquipreatI If the epair miian has bu.rled 3 to I. Switch 5 could be a push button. the capacitor. Always be sure the capacitors
p j esislor, shortitd out a capacitor or foot pedal or any other type of switch. But are discharged before touching them with
hbrled out a tube, he should be sure to in a c urrentof this type, the tubes will fire the hare hand.
tell the factory man just what and how it until the switch is opened aeain. Figure 1 is a single phase set of igiitrona.
lhappened as the factory man is most likely Maintenance routines should be divided A set of three ignit.ns are connected
. three
a regular fellow and will not run to the into six parts of operatios; such as clean- p.hasein Figmue 2. This set of tubes is a
13G The Journal of ELECTRICAL WORKERS and Operators
three-phase, half-wire rectifier and if three
more tubes were eonm,eted together with MARION LOCALS HOLD EXHIBIT
this set, as the first tubes in Figure 1 were
connected, it would become a full-wave
rectifier.

Keep Equipment Clean

Keeping the equipment uleal will alleviate
high-voltage flash-overs and the resulting
damage to parts. Cleaning the equipment
sould be more frequent on exposed parts
than on those which are contained in cases
or cabinets. Inspection will reveal vhich
parts require the most frequent cleaning.
All re.esse in the equipment should be
cleaned for the accumulation of dust, espe-
cially between connecting terminals. Parts,
connections and joints should be free of dust,
corrosion, and othelr foreign matter. In
high humidity locations, look for fungus
growth and mildew as these will cause a
short.
Testing for trouble in a shop is quite dif-
ferent from in the field, as there will not be
an oscilloscope for every repair man. He
should faniliar:ze himself with the equip-
ment. A combination volt-ohmmeter is the
best all-around instrument for testing elec-
tronie equipment. The volt-ohmnimeter is made
up of an ae voltmeter
vlmer, d--d-c , r
millisaneter and ohmmeter. The voltchm-
meter costs from $18.75 up to about $40.00.
There are three or four ranges for each
meter. An instruction sheet comes with
each one of them. When testing always start
off with thI highest range and come down
to where the voltage that is being nlresld
is about in the middle of the scale, if pos-
sible. The ohmmeter can he used for chocking
resistors, resistances of tube igniters, re-
sisrtance of copper oxide rectifiers, and the
filament resistance of a vacuum tube. When
a vacuum tube does not light up, as a rule
the filanwt of the tube is open. And by
connecting the test prongs of the ohmmeter
from one filament prong on the tube to
the other prong, you can tell if it is open or
not, as the repair man will not have a
tube tester handy all of the time. But by
familiarizing himself with the equipment
he will know what spare tubes to carry.

Importance of Inspection
Inspection is probably the most important
operation in preventive maintenance. A
careless inspection will not reveal the ob-
scure evidence of defects and abnormalities.
Slight defects may not interfere with the
equipment's performance. A lot of time
and effort can be saved if the defects are
corrected before they lead to major break-
downs. Such defects are indicated by dis-
coloration, blistering or bulging of the parts
or surface of the container; leakage of in-
sulating compounds and oxidation of metal
contact surfulces.
Maintenance work on vacuum tubes should
include inspection and cleaning. Both metal
and glass tubes should be inspected for ac-
cumulation of dirt, tube connector clips for
dirt and corrosion, glass tubes that have
broken away from the cement that attaches
them, to the base should be replaced Also
tubes with lnose caps should be replaced if
possible. The spring clips that make contacts
with the tube caps should be inspected for
corrosion and for the loss of tension with
resulting The wire that connects
,oosITess.
to the clip should be free from frayed i,-
sulation or broken strands.
Fr-in January 8 through January 12, 1946, the local unions of Marion. In-
diana, held an industrial exhibit of Marion-made electrical products at the CL.U.
Labor Tempie. On Januasry 12 the Marion locals were hosts to the Indiana State Co(n-
ferenee, which met to discuss pending legislation for the trade and also matters tori-
cerning the union label, and all visiting Brothers were impressed with the display of
wire, radios, rnges, lanterns, etc., and mIany wanted matersial to work with.
The committee for: the exhibit was composed of the follwing members: Jacob
Bowman, 1.. 11. No. 3-I-112; Daniel Lusher, L. U. No. B-1185: Lawrence Martin,
L. U. No. B- 1160; Russell I)Deal, L. U. No. B-1171; Lorin llucy, L U. No. B-100.
placing a burned-out tube the socket should
In removing glass tubes fo inspection
of the sock:t, a knife blade or a small screw be inspected bifore putting in a new tube.
Capacitors that are used in electronic ap-
driver should be inserted end, r the base
to loosen the tube, for if the tube is jiggled paratus are made i nil-filled paper mica
and ceramic types. The electrolytic can be
from side to side and pulled on from the used only on d-c and will only take a
top to remo[ve it tile glass envelope may charge in the positive side of the capacitor.
break loose from the base and ruin the It will discharge from the same side. Capaci-
tube. Also movement of a tube from side tors that are used on a- will take a
to side tends to weiken the pins in the charge alnd discharge from either side, and
sokert and unntecssarily spr.eads the con- in some cases the capacitor is ckargcdl on
the inelgative part of the voltage wave.
tacts in the socket and trouble will occur
where it did not exist hbdre. When re- (To be continued in May)
 APRIL, 1946
*/et Go dtRADIO
U.N.48deBy
NORDAHLea
HENRI
L.
By HFNRI NORDAHL, L. U. No.~48
THE year of 194I saw a gathering ill
Portland, the city of rses, the like of
which has not occurred in the history of
radio blroarieasting and servicing. From all
great cities of the Patfic coast camle repre -
sentatives frono I.B.E.W. locals which bare
radio men in their jurisdiction. Local 48 of
Portland had the honor of being the host to
this great bunch of enelgetic nien.
The conference was caled for the tad/
broadcastig and servicing i lunstry by V ice
President J. Scott Milne of the ninth di-
triet, said conference hel] ill Prloland ol
January 22 and 23. 1916. A miliar con fe-
ence was held in San, Fanlciwo last vear
'lid Was so beneli. fi that tentative Ilans
1were 1evfuhperl for futue al ilthpilgls. Thi
next nieetingz is to he hell in Seali I.
Objets of tihe eoleri'nc lie tU conseli-
late efforts of th, Iocails in thbe s;n, gelleral
pattern and to eail vialiaiens of the traie
and working eonditions as plactiee]d ill the
difirent cities. didito
.r.s
cense.ldatcd
strength in stahlisbllig olitiens bellne-
fietil to the workinog man.
The Union Gathers
From far aIli n.ear caTil tle l ollowing
re.resi.n.tatives to nlaeil Il itetele.n a sue-
cess: MlL'I in Larsen, Local 1245, San iIalll-
cisco; W. A. Smith, l.anI 77, Seattle; J. S.
Whelton, Local 1245, San FranClco; i[. G.
Lewis, Local 1245. S.an Fr.ncisco; IP. ii.
Hanla, iLocal 77, Seaittl; 0. A. Riiani,
Interlnational Oilie, Sain F,a,lciseo; l\Villim
E. Myers, ItternationalIIrPtlned;
0Oh.e,
Gilbert Garrick, Douglas Ellis, (ilurge
Steele, C J. Shunts and henri Nornahl of
Local 48, Poltlaid.
Braotbher Jtehiin gave a review of the
pevious Sail FraiICiLSCO eol..eti(,.e staling
its aims and a.c.. ipishnwntS. lit' diseussed
From, t to right: GOorge Steele, L. U No 48:; R. B. Hannas, i, U. No. 77; Honi Noedahl, L. U.
No. 48: Mryin Larson, J. S. Whelton. L. U. No, 1245; W. A. Smith. L. U. No. 77, and J. A. Erwin,
L. U. No. 4$.
Common problems and variations in
trade practices fully discussed in
regional meeting at Portland
in generalities the potential accomplish-
nients of this anti future conferences.
The eooperatein of thle radio service and
broadcast technicians of Portland who ale
In separeate divisions of Locli 48 was re-
hrled to thile eonference by Brother NordabLl,
and a icualle of the work ac.omlished in
orgallnizatiol Wa given. Local .8 was well
on the "ay to having all aiito statiOns in
tie stale oranizd and rladio service iii
PorlatnId was almost 100 per cent, it was
learned.
Blother Smith of Local 77. Seattle, has
broadcast well taken care of anid nwv is
getting radio servie inll high gear.
Ilrothlr Wbelton of Local
1245, San
Fr ncise., reported that the adilo srevice
grouaD in the bay area has the heat on ani..
has i good olrganization oni the way, Broiller
Larsn. local 1245, reported on .adi broad-
cast ;a.I the wage incilreases his orgaiia-
tioll has eeieved.
Wired inntsic also came in for a going
over ailld it is expected the i[iternatienl
Office.. will give its jurisdiction to the in-
side hlectrical Workers. Quite a bit of wok
has be, done locally on therse nliahiles andl
quitFaF few now C!a arT union label sig-
nifying they are serviced by a union mem-
ber.
Local 48 and Local 1245 now have rubber
stanlpsavabiBhle so that ill recordings mdile membership laulse where useld and sug-
by .n..ilb. is of the local. may plake a labde gested "Nw inlebels,.
Lhreon. In fact in a fe.w inieith aill Imajor
cities on the Pacitic s will
,oti be nliarkinig lie also eplaiiedl
137
their transcriptions with a label and-no
tickee no washee. Wage scales of recording
techniciallns were vertically and laterally
worked on and it was agreed the scale and
agreenheit should be the same as for broad-
cast technicians.
Uniform Agreements
Uniformity of contncts was agreed upon
as a very dsirable accomplishment. Copies
of Portland Basic Agreemen t which is be-
ing negoliated jointly by Local 48 and all
local broadcast ste'ions were given the old
eagle eye by members present. Brother Lar-
sen of San Fra.cisco, as ai committee of
one, is to obtain copies of all coast cities
contracts and form up some eopiee of a
basic type. Spcial attention is to be given
to the pliys ]ical
lin ,tgmtentsof liarticls and
sections to the endl that utinialtely a basic
agreemelnl calr be md aup for the whole
coast withip visions al lwied for local pe-
euliamiies. With regard to jurisdiction, a
definite form. is to be adopted and followed
to the letter so that our present and forth-
coming jurisdiction will be aetnualteliy pro-
teeted.
olathier lPiente brollght
. up a very im-
porltit po(ilL that should be in all euotracts
and that i . n..-sale el. use it would
specify that ptlrebases, lessees, etc, of a
business having a igned ag.eem.ent would
continue to operatew under termis of the
IgI'e flnt siTLgdllet by e¥l s Owner, . A
standard clause will pl'obably be worked
ou1t in the basic ag ren,,llt. Allother thought
that eanl.e up and is wOll guarding care-
fully is Ihe cuiston' of signin garcements
for o.ne year )only, This has proven to be
very suitable iii most trades and fits nicely
a growing inalslrtry stch a radio in all its
forn.s, To pre(wet proh ngalhon of negotia-
twlis of lenewal agrteenments it was agreed
a clause shouAld be in fatale a .greements
stating tbnt wages a id o.he, conditions
possible of such action should be retroactive
to late of e xpiration
of the pievios agtree-
reI't.
Blother Milne alled attention to msin-
taining a,caremfl watch on nlaitienanece of
must, make appiica-
liol and continue nenlih1rship in the union''
tile absence of Brothers
EIlicolt lndITilii l fraonm ls Angeles.
Thl dqisplayin g of the union inbel in sewr-
ice Iherps was dil sc.seal Suh lalbeIs are
availiable fro, the, Internl.a.tonl Oflice and
are riot sold or given away hut are Ilut in a
Iilni., shol) ,lpIo siginihg a form andi deposit-
isg ,nie lolitt. SLlc hiliel nay be reclained
at;,iyi titie by the lh~cl.
Union Shops in the Classified
Anl.h. uiniqut..
l e nod cl.v. ri idea is the one
froIn Sellahl, ber
rebviuin..I sh.os[tare listed
in thl clasi lilldi s.e. lol of the Ihllt.... hok.
Ti ls lild. bedlly of great zvale to the
fellhw, nila, mlLn and should be copied by
all hmals ii, li( iny.
\Vo,,.kih,< renditions
in radio srvice in the
various cities iler col.pared and a valuable
ewhaaivle- o/ i..l....alliotn it was, too. An-
p1n tiwe s(ai les <emell to gfene lly be based
OIl a }lrict;Ig' If thie journeyman's scale.
il ope werl expl essed of forming a deal-
ers' Irgaaizalion il Eath city so that inllthe
nlar future all negotiaions coulId be handled
through a dealers' association which had the
power of attorney to sign agreements for its
(Continued on page 156)
 The Journal of ELECTRICAL WORKERS and Operalors
reported the following incidents to the Electrical Wurk-
JOURnAL OF ers Joulrnal.
The Nazi masterbook containing all the names of all
ELETRIEIAL WUORHERS
OFFICIAL PInTERHPTIaOi1A
PUSLI TIrON OFELEETRICAL WUOIRHER
BROTHERHOOD
party members in Germany and every cauntry in the
world was finally captured in Germany ly American
troops. Only 20 men guarded this treasure. One morning
the officers found the book looted and the pages contain-
ing the names of Nazis in America torn out. How did
this happen? Why did this happen?
When rifles were found in the home of a Nazi higher-up
he claimed they were used for hunting. The American
Vol. XLV Washington. D. C., April, 1I46 soldiers appropriated them. The next d(lay an American
general ordered them returned. Why (ldid this happen?
Where Are This question is being asked'every hour The I. G. Farben cartel which formed the backbone of
We Going? and every day by milions of Americans. German oppression with structures in every principal
Where are we going? Of course, the an- German city was mysteriously spared destruction. In
swer is, we are going where the collective urge and col- Frankfort the one structure of any importance left stand
lective will of the American people want us to go. But ing was the 1. G. Farben central office building. It is esti-
this does not mean that drifting will bring us to the mated that only two percent of the I. G. Farben buildings
right port. Neither will bickering and disunity bring were destroyed. The I. G. Farben is a part of anl inter-
us there. These are the days for clear thinking, wise national cartel. Is the cartel more potent and influential
counselling, and widespread tolerance. Every citizen than the United States or the British Commonwealth?
should think twice before he or his organization does All of these things should make Americans stop, look
anything to incrense confusion. Democratic organiza- and listen.
tions--labor organizations, cooperatives, frm ar organiza-
tions and organizations which honestly reflect demo-
cratic opinion-should be strengthened. Monopolies War The science of war applied to the art of
should be halted in their wayward attacks on labor and lip-to-Date war has made all past war machines obso-
consumer. Yes, it is crisis. Think and act rightly. lete, possibly man too, and possibly most
cities, as indicated by this report of future warNare by
General Ira C. Faker to the House Appropriations Coan-
Assault On However one may view the causes of the mittee, according to Scripps-Howard newspapers.
Consumers present impasse in industry, it is clear that tow will the rocket of the future lind cities for targets?
a widespread and terrific assault has been Heat generated by a city would be sufficient to attract
levelled against consumers. Shops are empty of neces- a missile, Army men say, or metal in a city, or sound a
sary goods. No clothing can be bought. There is a short- city produees.
age in some directions of food, and the public has none General Eaker has just told the Hlouse Appropriations
of its expected gadgets, automobiles, radios, washbing Committee that in 45 years, any industrial nation will
machines, vacuum cleaners and other such items. This be able to develop a rocket or guided missile capable of
assault on consumers is something new in America's traveling 3000 to 5000 miles accurately to a target.
economic life, The consumer is usually wooed by producers
through advertising and radio. Now he is frozen out andl General Eaker hopes that whatever enemy attacks us
attack before he (the enemy) is quite ready, as Hit-
waits expectantly for the goods he wants. This wide- will
will not totally obliterate us on
spread assault on consumers has obvious consequences. ler did, and therefore
the first day. General Faker wants planes always ready,
1. It increases the danger of inflation. If there arc no to start within the hour, for attack on the sotrce of such
goods to buy, money piles uip in the savings banks and rockets. lie admits that if the enemy waits until he is
a general threat to the established order increases daily. completely prepared he could wipe out all large United
2. It indicates that the persons manipulating this as- States cities and industrial centers in a few hours.
sault consciously or ulnconsciously misconceive the kind Note: General faker told the committee today that
of economics which is necessary to secure prosperity,
we do not have a single squadron of once mighty air
achieve well-being of the population, and place America
planes capable of carrying out a major military
again at the top of the column of civilized countries. The force
situation is serious. It may well be that consumers' or- mission.
ganizations will now arise to protect consumers from
such misapplication of greed and power.
Collective Bargaining Attorney General Thomas Clark
With Government has written a letter to Senator
In Germany From the staff of a military governor in William Langer that will in-
an important German city, returned a GI terest many Electrical Workers dealing with the Govern-
of considerable intelligence and social feeling and he has ment. Attorney General Clark says:
APRIL, 1946 139

My attention has not been called to any statute which
forbids collective bargahiing between a Federal agency
and its employees. I may refer you to the Lloyd-LaFol-
lette Act of August 24, 1912 (37 Stat. 555, 5 U.S.C.M.
652), which appears to imply the contrary by protecting
membership in a postal employees' alssociationi "having
for its objects, amniong other things, improvements in the
condition olf labor of its members, inchiding hours of
htbor aid conp)lilsation therefor anld leave of absence,"
provided the olrganiization is "jot allfliated with any out-
side organization imposing ail obligation or diiuty upon
Ihem to enlgage ill ani' strike, or prolposihlg to assist themn
in any strike, against the United States." Of course,
there may be other relevant statutes covering particular
agencies; for example, the ac prohibiting members of
the Metropolitan Police of the D)isirict of (olumbia from
affiiating with :any organization "which holds, claims, or
uses the strike to enforce its demands." (41 Stat. 363,
s64; 4 1). C. Code, 1940 ed.. Sec. 125).
was driven off the boards by a conspiracy of truckling
crilics.
'"Our theatre is strangled in a bottleneck. That bottle-
neck is made up of a group of men who are hired to re-
port the events of our stage and who more and more
are acquiring powers which, as a group, lLthey are not
qualified to exercise--either by their trahildg or by their
taste. Andti it is increasingly becoming the case that these
men are deciding what plays are givern hearings, what
plays make up the institution which is our theatre, and
what plays are Iever, given a ctalice to find their audience.
The sorriest aspect of the situation is that the mass of
professional theatre people, includinlg sonic ifI he most
talented mien in Anierica, are impotent ill the situation,
and can do nothing more about it than bemoan the state
of affairs privalely and talk vaguely about doing 'some-
thing.' Nothing is ever dlone, no opposition point of view
is ever expressed. There is a blackout of all taste except
the taste of these men."

Farm One of the bright spots in American life is the

Forum National Farm Institute held annually at D)es
Strikes There is likelihood that there will be a reexanmi- Moines. Iowa, under the auspices of the Des
nation of the strike as a tool of labor to win its Moines Chamber of Commerce. This brings together 1.200
objectives. The strike has beeu an honorable part of to 1,400 listeners who come to hear speakers fromn all
labor's equipnlent to defend itself against greed and parts of the country, indeed from all parts of the world on
IPower, and to secure the right to organize. It is a legal farm problems. Labor is well represented. Businessmen
weapon. Hiowever. when the strike developed, labor was flock to the hearings,. Farmers preldominate but with
organized on a hcal basis largely in industries where the only about 51 percent of the full attendance. It is truly
strike did the least harm to communities. With labor a national forutn. There are no raps on any speaker.
organization reaching 15 million aid wit h olrgaiization in This is aln oll-stviye town meeting--roil ita town meeting
many inlustries of lnational scope. the sLrike is, a much that rellects national problems. Sir John Orr, William
more powerful weapon than it used to be anid it injures Clayton. Wallace, Clifton Aniderson and otiiers
iHenriiy
made the 1946 meeting notable. If such an institulte could
many inoacenit people. It is a question, too, whether it
be held in every state of the union,. America Wouol be
can produce Ihe results that labol: hopes for. A proloinged
safe because democracy is at work in such a perforlm-
strike poisons relationships between labor and manage- ance. The IDes Moines Chamber of Commerce deserves
merits for years. These considerations should demand credit for providing this forum on important issues.
and ;are likely to demand much miore discretion on the
part of labor in the use of the strike weapoi.
The Ilternational Brotherhood of Electrtical Workers
began considering this problem 27 years ago and set up Russian D)emocracy has not vet learned tt) meet the
at that time with its employers the Council on Industrial Technique principal technique of the Communists.
Relations. This council has functioned smoothly ever rThis techinique inlIvolves tailkg in t he open
since aunid strikes have been reduced to a nirilniium in the and at public meetings for good international relations
electrical inl urstry. To make sucrh a irograma success, and then uildernliinig these reiations in different see-
depend, prinmatily on the will to do it by both employers tions of the globe. This technique involves taking a smiall
and the union. step at a time in the hope that it will be overlooked or in
the hope that the rival couintry will bow to the encroach-
ment. The Russian Arrmy enters Iran. When the Iranian
prenier "protestsa ( sends an army to discipline the
Theatre An interesting advertisement appears in a inva(ing RIussjaus, the IRu ssians protected thie lriendl v
Blottleneck New York paper wvritten by (wo produceers PersiaIls. The prendor resign siaudi he is replaced by a
of Maxwell Anderson's "Truckline Coae," a Russian puppet. It is this technique that the Iussians
drama iithat was taken off the boards a few days after it have perfected and that liiler adopted. About tile only
made its first appearance. We are not passing on the answer to it is physical force, which at once pluniges both
merit of the play, nor are we passing on the charges made countries into war. Until democracy discovers a way to
by the two producers; but they fit into the prevailing pat- meet this technique oi a peaceful basis, there will be little
tern of newspaper practice so that we are inclined to give or no stability in the world. American Communists employ
them credence,. The two producers charge that the play this technique in this country.
 140
1i]T'S spring again, birds on the wing
I
again," and all the rest of the delightful
signs that the old earth is once more
waking up after the long winter are again
with us. And the filrst Lthing I want. to do
come April, is get out into the warm spring
sunshine and dig in the earth. Physicians
tell us that getting out il the open and
digging in the ground, doing any type of
gardening is excellent for the body and psy-
chologists say it's even better for the mind
and disposition. If you're nursing a case of
doldrum, left over from a rather dull win-
ter, shakt them out there in the spring un-
light, digging away in your 40-acoe plot,
your 10 x 12 border, your window box or
what-have-you You'll find new zest for iiI-
ing in this homely way.
Everyone Can Garden
Now as to your gardcning, there's a typo
for everyone. If you have lots of space, have
both a flower garden and a vegetable gar-
den. Enjoy the taste thrill of eating your
own fruits fresh off the vine. If you have a
medium amount of space--have a flower
garden with perhaps a little herb garden on
the side, at least crisp parsley to drs up
your summer cookery and fresh green mint
to make your iced tea a drink of joy.
If you have only a small border, walled
in perhaps. and not much sunshine, there
are still many hardy annuals that you can
grow and manage to have a posy or two on
your di. nor table all sunmer long.
For those of you with less space than that
-how about a window box? One can be a
lot of fun to arrange and care for and a
real thing of beauty.
And for those of you who have no space
at all and a Simon Legree landlord who
sternly says "No window boxe.!" there's
still that fascinating hobby, dish garden-
ing.
So let's so girls! Let's get at our digging
and begin making our gardens today. (In-
cidentally, digging is awfully good for slim-
ming down the figure-a fine feature for
some of us, like myself, who have added
pounds in all the wrong places during the
winter's hibernation. There's no time to
The Journal of ELECTRICAL WORKERS and Operators
IT'S SPRING AGAIN!
(Or How Does Your Garden Grow?)
By A WORKSR'S WIFE
lose getting ready for suimmenr's bathing
suits and other revealing styles.)
Grow Your Own
First off now, for those of you who have
space enough for a vegetable garden. We
can't urge these too strongly this year. We
are a nation of plenty in a starving world.
The more food we can grow for ourselves,
the more of our commercial crops can go
to feed our hungry neighbors across the
sea. If we can just keep sending themn
enough food to keep body and soul to-
gether until they can produce crops firom
their own devastated lands again, we will
have accomplished a great feat of charity.
Each of us can contribute to this act of
brotherhood by being careful to waste
nothing, canning any surplus food we may
have, and in the ease of those with available
land, growing our own foodstuffs.
~ktA e better for the incxperieneed gardener to
', ,Ait~i
The first thing to remember in making a
vegetable garden is not to attempt too
much. It is better to have a small wenl-
cared-for plot than a huge neglected one.
Plant only what you can take care of. It is
estimated that a quarter of an acle will
supply a family of five or six with all the
vegetables it requires for the summer and
leave a surplus for storing and canning. A
small plot O X 50I feet will go a long way
toward keeping the family from buying any
fresh vegetables for the summer.
Know Your Seed
The second thing to remember is to se-
feet your veetable seeds carefully from a
reliable seed house that furnishes a detailed
catalogue. Buy specific varieties of vege-
tables suitable for your climate and plant-
ing season. A lot of time and effrt gou tlao
gardening-don't waste them on the doubt-
ful crop grown from a five-cent packet of
seed of unknown brand picked up in the
drug store. Your State Department of Ag-
riculture will be glad to give you advice
on what and how to plant and will advise
you as to fertilizers that should be used on
your soil and how to get rid of pests that
molest your crops. This service is free, you
have only to write for it.
Two other important things to remember
in estbillhlri a vegetable garden, are to
plant your sed,s and plants at the right
tihne and to plant themn in straight rows--
a ball of heavy twine and a few sturdy
stakes will do this trick.
The Know-How with Vegetables
Here are a list of vegetables that even
the most inexperienced
gardener can grow,
together with onle Iointers on planting
them,
There are some vegetables-tomatoes,
peppers, andt eggpant, that require special
seeding inside the huube or in a itht bed if
you wish to produce your own plants. It is
buy these plants to set out. The date for
the setting out of these plants should be
the latter part of May, The tomatoes and
eggplants should he set three feet apart
each way and the ipppers two feet apart
each way. Harvest should continue through
July. August and September if the right
assortment of early and late plants is se-
cured.
Beets may he planted in April, May, June
and July. It takes 70 days until the first
harvest, Thin out to four inches apart in
rows which should Ie a foot apart. A half-
ounce of seed will plant 25 feet.
Plant early carrots in April. Seventy-five
days to harvest. Thin out to four inches
apartI,rows a foot apart. A quarter ounce
of seed is nIded for 25 feet. Late carrots
may be planted in May, June and July.
They take about 110 days to mature.
Lettuce may be planted in April, May,
June, July and until the middl!e of August.
It is ready for use in about 80 days. Thin
out to eight inlies apart, rows a foot and
a half apart. One-sixteenth ounce of seed
needed for 25 feet.
Plant onions in April and May. Takes
135 days to harvest. Plants should be three
inches apart in rows a foot apart. One-
nuarter ounce of seed for 25 feet.
Peas should he planted in April, May,
June and July. Ready for use in 60 days.
Plants two inches apart, rows two feet
APRIL, 1946 141

apart. Put stakes in the ground for plants

to cling to.
Radishes should be planted in small quan-
tities all during the sumner from the first
of April to the end of September. .Ready
for use in 35 days, Pimnts two inches anpart,
rows 10 inches apart. One-quarter ounce
of seed for 25 feet.
Snap beans can be planted in May. June,
July and August. Harvest begins in about
50 days. Plants three inches apart, tows
two feet apart.. One-half pint of seed for
every 25 feet.
A Hill of Beans
Lima bmlns--plaint ii May and JU,,n
Ready for eating in 8I days. Set poles
three feet apart in rowS three oeit apalt.
Half a pint of seed fin every 25 hills.
Corn--plant from the first of May until
the middle of July. Harvest in 80 tI, 90 days.
Plant in hills three feet apart each way. A
quarter pint of seed for every 25 hiils.
Plant cucumbers in May and J.une They'll
be ready to pick in 70 lays. Plant in hills 2~~~~
four feet apart each way. Half an ounce
of seed for 25 hills.
Don't forget to sew some nastutiulml and
eornflower seed in your vegetable galden
particularly f yu have niflower gardtrn.
'They will give your plot olor and perso. - PEANUT BUTTER COOKERY
ality.
Did ynu ever tl,...
])eal .1 usin~
kltler bu/le [' s a orl.illg lLt{
? it's a
A Garden Sweet Wiy LO /iu'eve the mntritieur ... afity of bread alld olls ,nd it provides a
m'rallid
Now about the dowelg decns. We have.n't ilsvetr tl~dl's Klla,,l'alto to fi,hao, All ynU di t sillily ~ly
dd 1% tlles as mucb
much space to discuss theom but sin.e gart- peanut butoter its thle amo.....lll of srfeill called T.r il tfie ,~elpe.
detis are matters of personal Opl l[O . .lily- With the h..or.ll l of sh...ldl]~ just now, twlum t...llewre cipesusinf peanuu
way well just sppeal of the, generally. butter ,nmy rove he1lprN In addition to bolng (,ely ntdltltotnl> .huttar is
tl..ill
Each of you perhaps atlies a/I ideal ga'r- jusit tulI df Vita..r. I,] ando also .. ntains i..li areionic el, l.arBtfu] mia'ale. Your
den in your mind. Your dream garden is fildiblen will irlv the rml"'d llvor pemut bMlter· will give to your rolls and
Irobably very dilferent from miie -that's coockles ilsadwill bC suedfor thom basins.
what makes gardenls, whoi we get them, all
so interesting. In n in I willt lots of .spae
and I want all the perennial hushes-a Peanut Buffer Rolls
forsythia-always the first brilliant har-
binger of spring; and a lilac bush for early our I{~ C~~~~~~llS m~~~ik
If!. el, 1off, , compltsseduilryeast
I tabesllns,
May-ther'e noiothing in the wohid that 1sal~ ~t
Io{/sDU~~~~~~ll ¢ tabesoonsI peanut blitter
can equal the beauty .and fragrane. of Scald milk, d]issolvur 119 I'and Msltand soen peanPut butter i I cup of milk.
fresh, sweet lilacs ct with spriiing i . Cool the remah...dm' to lutwrkmam and dissolve yeasft in if. Whe. f!irst mixture is coo.,
Then I have to have a ramblinlg rose li bsh-- ndxi thetwa and add to theflour. Bt andstir tI mahe , seft ugh l .. Kned
lightly
a red one. And if I have a renee or a wall, 4ikio 1~ i Ail n lw double
to volume
w id.,,bn
a 'il[dace. Kalie. Mahe ainto roll and
I want hollyhocks growing up it. And whir- aifiwIu risc iuntil fight, plaiting in wu... beatl,m. Bakeiat 425-F. 15 to 20 minutes.
ever there are ro.ks and ran mnirs I want
violets and lilies-of-the-valley. Peanut Cinnamon Rolls
Then every year I'll phlnt verbena aind
phlox because of tbhir lovely color and he- [[ I're Ipp Of peranu roll I t;,blesplmn cinflamen
cause they mix so well with either lowers. !~ [~HD :4UglU' [~uttn-r onrma~rgaii r

And I want larkspur because of its lignily }bd[11 dou...h ioV/-111e thick, rllad with butter , sprinkle with sugar arid cin-
and form. I shall bave poppies and imlai- rganloll whicih ]ave beefr riixed thoroughly. .El
. (sa
cut irl i-ilcib sliesm.
Place on
golds b.cause they're so elicerful, sone r'g,,,ad hahkilS che- i1 l ilm~. 1, [,Iisntil light Eae1, at 425FP. 20
nonutes.
snapdragons because they're so stately and
soie eonfowerows bi.cal.s they'ro blue. Tblen In nirkilng lie' Voutda Trillt rll butter may be ,,,dIorhalf I the fat, while in
I choose helotrolmp and niigilflietot be- cookies it ,lly I.e .....d firall
all lefat. lhe's a reipe, or asy r'u.p cokies:
cause they scent the whole gardin withi their
fragrance. I shall plant pehlias . b.l'.a.e Peanut Butler Cookies
they never disapp;oint you, little dwarf
innias because they're so iierly and ol.. -' I1!11
!~ [ruer p( /l~11t ~I teaspoons baking: powder
ful, sweet ayssum beeause it m/les suh a I CIUL !j ,%IDYIInil
pretty bordri andIprtula(,as iSt bhecouIse I I C', 'Liftd 11I"lU
ilie them. So nil..h fl be i drea gretd'
Mix Ilea, ntt butter, S11agr a egg,
riheateu
Siltt dry fgmlimreels .... I..ndnlter-
nid low to get baclk to whatever gard(n you .
ntly with themilh to lhc fiLqt iIll,,(ulW,
can have.
])lop11 hyteasTm(U~11ffdl Ohio
1ug 1 a~r mlking sheet;dll[ nne inh apart. Bukt
Paying the Woy ia a .ll.l..l
r te evel (:iFill 15 nil...te, utilc lightly browned.
You cln't stiirt too s it p.repare your
im
soil for your flowers. ,lust ns scmo as the Peanut Butler Frosting
ground has thawedl ind lb( soil hail; ied
out enough to dig nid rake without caklig - Try pe nhult,,r rmting the wlt time ymakeou cup
, cake. Mix ronfec-
that is the time to begin. I)ig deep into the tie...'s su.gar, peant butter anb] at liftin Cl'mm, Li), a smioth alp,
,,ngbqtncy
spread
soil turning it over so tlt the richer top on Orp.
soil will be on the bottom where the roots
(Continued on page 160)
 142 The Journal of ELECTRICAL WORKERS and Operators

L. I. NO. 6, Editor: Funeral ser- many other activities he fave of his srvices, his L. U. NO. 39, EBlt, A gorat war
SAN FRANCISCO, ices were held oil Mn- menorhy will IrLemin with US as the things he CLEVELAND, 01110 rirr has hung iu his
CALIF. day, February 11. 1946, worked fior materialie and I lake the worlda sword anli is taking
Unit 2, San Mateo at 2:80 P.M. for our better place in which to live. the rest he hais eanend sn well Missiag fron the
business representa- 1'. C. MAcKY, P. S. labor .scene i Cleveland. whinre hits be,,,
tive, illnther J. P. (Jaick) Crown, who passed familiar s ,Ilany years, is Waltel it. Lenox.
away on Friday, February 8, at Mills Memorial business manauger of I,omal No, B-89 sino 1928
Hospital il San Mateo. The services held at the L. U. NO. 28, Editor, Since the Brother Leniox i one of the real old Limers in
Crosby Funeral Chapel were attended by large BALTIMORE, MD. lust publication, I r- the Brothltirlood, iii continuous good ntantliilg
numbers of his fhiends who had known and as- gret to announce the since 1$06.
soriatri with him for many years in many of death of BrothCr (Charlex Moona: also of When Brother Leno, took oe'r the business
the affairs of San, Matee County. He had been Brother Edwarld Wivard, a foirmer niCnher, manager's job,, Local No. 11-39 was a soall
a mllember of the J.B.E.W, since 1906 when he who h.as Ioen Ine of oiur local eontractirs for struggling local with few members anid pilra-
erst came to San Mate. County. many years anl who pa.ueld away suddenly. The tically no funds, By dilgent effort alm, goa.d
Brother Crown had been away from the of- rgani.zatio is goineg to miai these olr friends, management, h, has built unp OIs of Lhe bet
fice for only thre weeks and had a serious who in the past have, contributed so much to andi strongest outside lJoals in the Brotherhood.
emergency operation a few days before he the Brotherhood. He was all Rfie, antd oneef the nlail pidlras of
passed away. .JohlRayinor is in the Mercy tospital re- the association which was relponsil/lo for ihe
Brother Crown has been one of the leaders in cupelating from a sorHou, operation. We hope improvement amid expins ion of tlhe intunicipa
the proomotion of organizd liabor in San Mateo tlo toe John lak oin the job oano. light plant. Well known anid rispected in C(love
and was well know i il union affairs in the Melvin Ken]rieka, roemile r, who was land, he was always a rezdit to the Brotheihoorl
Satel of California. lie was one of the or- woutlld]el in the er'tvui
is oulvahIshcing in the and did most to cralet lalbor ipave by bringing
galsirls of the San Mliteo Ceitral i.abo (Coun- governien t hospital In Atblntic City. This fll- the employer and the worker to realie that their
cil and was a delegate frollm our local for many low worker has been, I hrlgh quite a few oipera- in(trests were not inimieal.
years. lie hiad been prosildent of the Building tions all still is a liln wayfrIm well. aind At a farewell party in his honor, city offiials,
Trades i ouncil for sevelal terms. He also was in sure he wouliri
a lpprecilti-hearing froIl the employels an la iolr leardlers were generous i
a rllnl.ber of lltheIxeeti e Boeard of the North- ler. Why not send him sote. lette's and cards? their praise ani sincere in expressing regret
ern California Ellectrical Workers Association. When iin he hos i l,ii iws which see'ms ruite thatil oor hllijth was oreirig Brother Lonox out
Durinlg the 25 years he served as a delegate trivial to us, who have our health, can be most of pullbli life,. lie has gone to the desert ii C(ali-
to the B.T.C. he helliped many ether labor or- iltereti ag to n "shut-in," l'aid eads are always fonila in hope of spenlding the rest of his lire
gaitizationi by freely giving his service*. He appirciated. I feel that it is our duty, to do any- free from the repiratory ailments so prealenrt
Was i neneblr of ihl San, Mateo Co(unty lec- thill we eao, to bring a litAie cheer to the men in this locality.
trical InTsetio n Boar. Durinrg the war he who lhave aierl lred so much for us. Those of yeo whi, are siled to seerig himi at
served is a mmeilr of te Bihrlinganle Selective There has hoerl ii, illa incrlaset ill the liem- the convention will see him at the Iitratio
na al
onoard. WhenI the Sn Mateo I outy Blood berahip of o[ur i}lppi t
entT.eship ariinin oaur.., eOnvnItioi asI ho is I dleftgate anti
has pron'lised
Bask was folurillerh ie was one of tile founders lue to the return o(f olel frin the service, it to be pesent.
.nll glav of his time ani services to erect, find h.s becunoe neces.l. y to foilal in aldlitinal The Brotherhool loses a tireless worker and
ml s lIupply the electriael ntaeria l and was in- class, Quite a few of the helpers took the ox the Iocal an efficient manager. hbt we all wish
slitorurntal in1 having the labhr in all crafts do- amillntian to beciour jolrneymen last week. Brother Walter the best of everything. Good
natci for this cause. lie was an executive mem- Work ls ashwe] down eetnsiderahl'y due to luck, good health. ald gooll ehcrI
.er of the Sull Mate Couoity War Chest. a thestrikes: we hope thfiose strikes will sn be J. C. MASqs,, P. S.
at f Peniaula [llrlporated andi a board
i.rector settled, inakiag it pissin-filr Is to get going
omember
of the San Mateo County Fiesta Asso- osi war pItrl. [{rNNmT
o~nour TI 1AVTS, p.
P. S8., L. U. NO. 50, dilo., We seem to
OAKLAND, CALIF. be living in a trmobled
Broth.r I'rown was bonr in San Francisco wo,,ld today, We have
but had been a rl'sdldet of SaI, motto, C(ollt practically baniikr pted ourselves to bring peaLce
for ferty year, rsidiin ig ll Redwood City, Sanl to the worild. What peace have we broaight We
MiLte anid iBol'lin lme. BIrother Crown's pass- are tryilS to take the lead beenuse
it was we,
in leaves a vacancy in our local that will be with oureoninuerable Army ilnd our in-
felt by aill ol I . .il.erlleihs anpd contrators for vincible Navy. with our unlilMited resourses, that
a long time. By his fai' dealinigs and friendly won this wir,. We thought we nigh bl take the leai
personality he goinetl the fvieniship of all our in see ing a losintiig peace which is tile dream
employers, large and allI, an.. the floral trih- of the poets. No peratical 'ilan hlbliks so. how-
tls ifron oenlt t"aro and friends were evi- ever, thei piil.. are still] having heir wy. I hope
dence of his popularity. they s.uceede I have my doubts.
The pallhea] ers war, Brother John YVn Consliderale criticim is being directed at
WinkIn pesihrnt of the oal; Pllst President Congress these dtays el"Lisle of the passage of
Alfred . Silea, lleegrkal haird ieolher; Past the (Cse Bill oll't want anyone to take theas
dI
l'rtidelen t i tlali libourlt: Brotlier Charles Foerhn, few words a aidsrfie of the las, Bill, for
huluaIis.. prsort/ativ( of District No 1, local they are not; I only wallt to poilLt out to you
No. i; l[rother Alfred iRndall, business repre- that where rnlatsurie-i of thi kindri are iassxed by
selttiv rlie
d s of PI'lumbers
0colary No. 413; Conaress, there mist io Tonll dIn.ll.tI Or some
Brothter (hlle Sea(use,
r. huginess representa- realsen. In This case I thinh there was lith de-
live of B1.T'I. San Marltio CountIy. Imail nd rleaso . As to bereasonableiess ilid
tlrviving lirother Crown are Mrs. Sarah the propriety of the dneanld., I ai in ion position
Crown, his wile; thr'e sim, DIvild of iolly- to qutestion. hut 11 to the reann for the passage
wood, 'Willardl al.l Jack who have recen ly re- of tile at, I :arl tilltnlirleloud Tlht., The Congress
tur ned froin or.e thrses
ree diiughters. Mrs. of industrial Orgunizationis IC. I O.)i through
Joyce Moore, Mrs. Janice Seaere.t and Miss their PaolitiAll Action
l .. .r. ilitee (P. A. C.) has
[oistanTe Cionll; also Two granddaughters and sought to mIlake every putlie ofifcili in the coun
a istor try asr. to the , is it wiLhout reason to
table
Mnny ioe hlers of oultsid locals were pres- expect the menmbers of Cngress, who are gen-
ent to pay their last triluotes to him at the erilly prttty stront tile, to Liii". This matter
chapel ald to follow his romloias to a heutifiul lying down, or get tip on their feel and ight,.
spot sllrl'oulad with booautl rul trees and shrubs They have jist reveirsd the talex aid they are
at Cypress ilawn ( ten.t.ry. going to make the C. 1. 0.
O answeruble to (on-
In the future yeals th results of Brother Wal+r R,. Leno. , reti,in business mIn.ger oF gares and to any laws that C(orRess lamyrifcide
Crown's work for o.rganied lbor anid in the L. U. No. 39 to pass. It is very llifortunlate Ihat the law and
APRIL, 1946 143

the peopic of the country must consider organ- "1lfiara Rulge' Danny wa. c aptured.
As a
iled labhor as organinTrdi labor; persoal lly I have prisoner he was forled to work on railroads, in
nevrr considered the C. I. O. as an econmi .. Or- READ gravel pits, cherig debris arid rubble left in
gisiml6,ti its actions tlae never hipuhaed that the '~akv of war, performing the meanaiest, the
it wa. aythlinag xcept the uptart of a new A good union man passes on, hby L. U. lihwet type, if manuala .ahir. llnly and hi,
Ipollticl ioveunicltt in this whith
hluntrywnuld N,. 6. fellow pt o ,,s were only black bread and
..
Eurrujennlzc or ., vernoteht nand , industry, Interesling noes on various antd sull- tahreld oupi>L. although ti uaitio/s had[ food
This I an opposed t. I k lw there tnr a Ilo If dry Ihinr., hb L. U. N.. 70. a plenty, Pill", a...ty lost 5$ pnoi}k hi capti' ly,
PIII~~~~~~.Illl
fauhts iai our Go't'rrnnwnt the a4mei as Olere are L 1. No. 79 takes a slap at big busi- tiropiiinir frosnt lC5 purilsl to 110 poulnlis in
il l ,fram( hlt *. lal cirhlI ll. 1 IIIbl three ni,,uitlsh,
euilse of time and we eIuire n.o hel fr, )u
fle$s.
ire *as tie t- imprisoned in Fh'ltnlerhehin Ger
Mtoto, uw.ul.oNo, aisli, or il" olther fTei i L. Ul. No. 99 says more union members .
)iHen. ruthtt~a he 'ins (*cqii I to
fl} (Fiheelbe
aligll..t to tell us hnw tou do it. The frlc ,>f should rin for public office. prisn ear..I,.. Il d fdnally to StT A nager XIt A.
the llfiAttr is that al ild i;t iien for i'. they ill Labor musl receive a larger shllre of T]w Guliu a.... prison ent,. It wa.N frl here
would hae .eenIin ilil .a Ah.e. as
iner a eii nId the penallh it produes, by Li. 1. ilt- "death march" to lhbrlon staitei. (in this
the
li of Germuali fiil~ilsIf ill I..l.a) No. 230. ,reelld ' .i.lrh, in the dead if w,,ntr. ..oan r of
I do .ii.. think I h, jipsage f the, Cue Bill witI L. [. No, 353 writes about the man [)tinny contptnians diod of s4tavwltitht1 and el.
cTleessarily an attack ..n the A. F. of L. and, its IOSU elllilI Ital Patton's tdrd Arml, IIth
amillnlt-i Unins. Its "bnl purpose, I helieve ,
"ho urually writes about L, L.
A.m.in0red Iivision btileak fL tll .li the "bulgte'
was Pi answer the ( I.. I. ani the P. A C, Itl No,, 35:3.
]ibieiel DP)ntry antid his renlailil r.ilalllpai.on.
ofnrluiattely (oniie' eillnitt.t ditiiuislh le- l. 1. No. 651 promotes a plan to help
Danny was hospitalized IuRhe 108 CGeneral
wienit groups; Ihe
. oI lyitlinn of the IT S,. the hu..ing shortage.
Hosllital, Pris. where h eiiitllrwent treanlient
freit to tleat all greupsid all pnpiel, allik,. L. U. No. 667 discusses anti-labor for flozen feet, malnutrition, a head woulnlld
We have bruught til ia lot of this itrsel¥es ie- legislation. caildul by an enemy hiayorit, plus a catalog
reuse with the recii'l f tih. I. 1, 0. and cis {- list of coIn plietions, ife arrired at Camp But-
dralui L tearIown tie L I. I W. ill fr. nt f Sprin.g brings shuwers. fliwerp, new
life. lope as expressed by (or ner, North (Carlini, via Maireillr. anti hospital
theh, some of our local U..itns have played hall ship Algonquin." He got hl dllsabilily ils-
hon he political ihld willh this gang of (olt,- worthy correspondents.
charge there, Danny hannyid the ETO ribbon
nmuits,. YoU elmaot exp.et to lie in the Stlrne with 3 battle stars, the eulinit infantry badge.
iolitial bed w!ith rigr. Im lindl successfully irun- the purple heart, a presildenial citation, anil
teal thntEl ill the ..eonulili
fitl[ This ought to ile ,thegol.do.l.Ue.t nlodal. OI heliattllefiel, yet
a lesson to us. tP teml to air ownl buSiiitSt< pu.s. willow shu that IS a gooId igU ol
sprhig. lostIi's
h vrn irnt stripes erhJt.h ng ii P adis
crush a riattesnake wher eer you find it, ani if
we ear accoinplish ithi WI Wli't finl SO mrtiy [ut it is dietiatley spring wheni,wilh the firt
he waniteil ti ise the Notrt Diainme athedral by
laws, hai g ptssed by that affect the
ilangrns lush notes of the nilh win gin g satgi rd, I ups lHw?kJ[hi Iianv did not
Ilay. u .i.. asrt hleIil,fd
ani out of my winter Iethargy to beroie citar- InnFun
labor irmovemient as whnle. Sixty-three years of
ier for Locol 70, anI pop in with nTew and "thl id you like the ~er\ ii?" [ asked
,.I... l'l,
ontittluiuI operatilln hr ih, A. F of i. aIs hut
hbroiuht o.r-tenth . heeriticism against organ- nlIle$f, intemliienee anId suh. )aniuny
iged labur that we ha;e had in the last fIor years Jack Early is aoiiund again, Jack as all Ilt wasa ' [ad{ Star[ le
," sad It's what a
liurin the war wihii ,h h I m.uiji.. inside ther awfully siek boy A little pale ariound the gilks, Peina makesit.
C, . 0. seeking to underminel our form of ."nd ,aul aftIl nl illnis, that put him o; theIl
gore n lilrl. hr'pitalsIcritical ll.t" Jack is akill it easy
SIMPLE ARIi %ElD'
I think if yu ill check Ihe r-,ord of tho fur a while before going back to>,uk. kant
kel>p a good mnll down. can they, ? 4.tks- n If yovu Wi: It ae li, fil iureUte, f your e%-y-
C. I. 0 yo.u will ind there was not a single day
Johin Re "') Mb.eyers, my Ai pulphFddy, fling' time for intensive
study front air authori-
durinil tie war that the C, 1 0. Owas not on
his donned his eimio again after a brief spell tativ, I..ok. in a, T-day week you will have pIt
strikesomerrwhere i the clunl ry. (give hiiis rIl-
ini the unifoIrm d ser'ice. Aflter thrll lnuonths in 3 hours uf real stidy u In a >ar ,thi wil
tre some thought,
of infanly , ra;ining at Fort Bragg, Nih 'llr,- anout tlI 15/; hours. In 51 en irs you will Ihae
E. S. ItI.ct, P. S.
ibms, "lied* .t-a shilped out info the lPacific studiled 78ii hours.
Theatre eif piatihis io become a tunaltler of the lhatnee hoursa per wee~k in the a verage
. U. NO. 58. bdiltor: Thanks go Hleadlqiuaters 526, Port Battalionl inn iti iahib- college ourse re ult 1 htor. Fiften hours
DETROIT. MICH. tI Brther Genirge Al- ius truck outfit. dividle ltti 780 hours equal I '2 years of real
blrecht, president of It was the job if Ried" and his buddiies there college studyr.
L. No 494 Bowlin ieaIrue, for his eflorts to dulck nut of portless Naha (ihe riluill of If you will <unIy I hiiur nl elnin(g eve
to promote a widerI interest among the I. B, Olinal.a) t.o hereT ships lay * it arhilol two thgs ii weiak, in nyr llu ii -o wii haveil
trl,
E. W. localstowards the cre ion of an Elec. mlies off shre anId beyolld the coral rtfN, take the eqliiailt)i Of 3 yeavs If ntenix studi
iye
trical ihowling (ongress. on cargo anl. panisslunrs and duck in gailn,
lItporting from etrit., our local ha. a 12- often through .w¢lls and trea..t. hr sdal,, lPhl
usually reuhired Of a law Ori Se. f ..
teal lIalue this yrear unlier the able dilreetin jnl was a rout.i. n shore-to-ship, shl.p-t-shore
of Piresident "Mickie" S. faillh It has iuls shuttle. neentfa anii
I unexritin ,nIld as .lose A iLrw [nethliod f recordi~n weather inforiaul-
take, part in a ty-wilde A F. of L. tournament to the war as "idll ev-er got. "Whilh suits in tioi a, high altitudes is Itacicopfialsel by Raildio-
with at least team trsai wil in the moy.'y JInl just ine,'" said "Ied'" son.de, which is a tliniatute irucijo seduttig re
leaguie is about six years old, and is grOWLing c Rarud T,,t lft b"ldI i hlitPill-ilrl bi I aito -
ore plhpular
every Althugh the war drew The hbl hp il tfor o rinit,
uuni o njtn llan i, matililti trannsm..its to enrth sig.lals tlesigiit-
away soma of our lst pli,rlntisiig talent. we the uiontita
d irJodlrt in theliipe-attuc,. airple asure ail htuiniitv
hayr been iortunate in having mltost ruf tiesn ts it
n n Isee-l
( pd with this is a radio [luirt
boy returmed io u;:t di we haie big tlstila1 onl Fromni the Proeedin is of (he Witshlt iniln (eni- tii I iulFer hieh is .r.i.red TIout the , rilImId
the futr re. tral hlabor U, ll, January 7,I 94G; to km ri, iieureiti heck uif thba :i..IIn, ils rte
"Elhetienl t,..rker. LocaI N. 711 epnrted of diit heigh(t and dilft filoi which ciian, I
N'o actionr ha; leern toIken ., until this is rit-,
tort, tutwains ano arrantgecuueits for eorilI(ctiirt that the ooiu~-turg filrl of 1I. C. Plhilliph of nilpie41- the ireition, L~I vod mt of windk
with St LIHui; and Milwaukel this ren,
,ruio t it is e.n-F~iartuIwn. ~.ltrsl3.ni.. hald gined :1 einntart Ib If, tt.o.phere Ithi-
huit, euitinmi a
perd
.sit.le to say that 'ilIub a doubt Detr6t'; for $2.25 per Ili-i flr liue w,,rk> mineln " illfre ne reeodr. ~hii h
58 will he in there jpithg c with the best talent That ix trle. Orot}.rs. met WV also ha;( l' tr,,1 on a l iN the"rli, -igrufl of
we he when, anhd if siti ,rrlangeIlents eaui le uIeoilrtut it iii* lo)i';on tr El"etrihl ton- jpres~iti't.. te~utit.ature and hl....idily sent by the
maul.. strutie[ .. r.t , Wldorf, .Muiylnual,. for Rtaulosont- e.
P1Ii 1...ly hby the time this reaches the reader, two and a qUlOruir* ,,
the trophy will he ill Ile Fa. Ill any eu-nit. (. ( uir i the ftrermnan of the wire- ARIEN'1 YOU GLAD YO( 'RE yOU?
main jlaiat of this letter is to assure Brother string ing
gri!it tiih I[hi'llps joh, anid A H. lPre lit~iara ,vituates of thn [ureau of in-
Alirrchl f oar leelsild intel'rt in the eorigiess; .leve.. i-dis hi man f tehe pole setting tor Statistic!* iii Hate 4,i010 wuu k st~uqqm~gi~ rimtl
ndl. on behalf of our pleague
idn .>res 1n0 rew. The job is suing along O.K. ailld ver to lalr nageriiel dis{)ules iii theI pastyeIr,
dd railidi pin fals ofilhl ]iar k Rerrationi, body.- happy, invoiling :k:¢25,00 I-rkers
aId resultinig in
we say, (ood luck,. anld hil yhe h, t teain All inu MlTm: .'lha.kfor all Ihe nicethings
stJ)O0,MIiOi) ian', days of iuly]lteus.
winll you hatve slidti uhout the column.¥qa. V',li praise
Ek,
d I/]w. nf
Plash'lat Ihe IEW, said
L ltIh SMITH, P. S. In aill}- time y)u like I ran taie it.
I fTnall3 niled 'lanly liker Ioni. eough to not So ver, ,, w ;ago.": W have kI't .uo rte
PeT sotl erseivir froIi him
flulta ,:ndi her"r ii ill at xkoirk anti wke have beeln gettinl real wkag
L. IT. NO. 70. kditor, It is April, l0,Anli 23, l$ 14, bDanny answ-r('d his 1-un- iinreuseu- for them ait the samie time. In the
ilitit"
flull. (I IIh
WASIINGTON. Burstin, lIuds. fresh try's eal] and berunoe a membiler nf Ititle Inm, u i t ±i,ih iity , thesl raises h..ve bee-n II er
O. C. geel grass, lender pony "B", 23rd Infantry, 2nd Dii-ii,.n. Danny Fur m ,re. teInldee mltany ",her boat"s,
twigs and tiny ;hoot.. receired his haIptiar of fire out of Best, Frane., LIot /o o IIIio
the n IMFe on, h,e ,u'caII tf-nd
of new-orn leaves prepare the path, for it's the in Novemher '44. if the hat 1or, ba,; if it t VhC, Ilrlnet
t's
ernal advanct. Danny also saw actiul ill Rllgrimi arid Gs,- shop product.
(ate lile kits sway playfully oil the verdant many. When the Gitr!lats ignlie Ihrotugh in the
 1'~~~~~~~~~~~44 ~~The Journal of ELECTRICAL WORKERS and Operaleos ]
industries toIk up this system. Ilostie iegisla trllgilit andi )mi ness-like m in ne r of a trained
tion anti itdr]csce ourt dcci nms fired the trust and pulslied st.ukei,
k u lhet p adm.its, and
tn change in form. *About ISSO the trust was to contliue. "the adilichei gets an unfavorable
diissolved but in legal form only. Instead of a impression of managemen's case. "The audi-
eonhdinatlon f ,everrl di stillct conpnilies, the once is at least half sold hy thei ri adilid per-
verilsu prnpeilirtlea -lrir ui,All into a single sunive Inbor , prel;enl ai..'' I hae written a
oruporation or hound together unler an organ- few letters at times ou labor to Wifferent
be
izathiot known iLS a ilaiiiind eronl:ny;. A holding published in tie "Mornin g Mail'" setllon of this
rontalpny" is inntrldy a corporation whihh holds paper. One of four nritten was tpillrt in iits
share: of slt-ik ia
ther enrpo rations but does entirety.
i]t colduct any business itself. F.o. hSc,, P. S.
Anld thus my frirlds these same sort of or-
ganilzatiorls Ill you when, where.:nd how goods L. U. NO. 80. EdiMr: Much acti-
will pour onto the market and uiless prices are NORFOLK, VA. ity was reported at the
.restriori, lhey will tell you what you are go- February imeeting by
ing to pay for these goods. Let's not have eom- Brother J. W. Amory, of the sick committee.
petition of their kind. Brother Bates was killed and Brother Brown
Newsprin..s have aiways been on the defense was seriously injured in fn auto accident on
for a freep ress. for the right to prn news route to Norfolk fro, Plymouth, N. C. Our
without pjeldlieC to anyone or any Organiza- president, Brother Ilafner, is recuperating from
tion. Evidlen e of the press's stand oil labor wa an illness at his home. Let's hope the southern
very well illustrated in an editorial recently. sunshine easts its full radiance on him during
This paper was lemoaning and herating man his convalescence.
nge.m.let il ill4alending sWhen will management The builling eolnmitote appointed at the Jan-
learnT? It then went on to toll about a labor uary meeting is putting forth evwry effort to
forum eondiuetnd in a little community called purchase a suitable biilding as a home for the
Skaneoteles near Syracuse. It seems that the local. Several builellngs itv. lve n "looked over"'
lablia speaker outmatthed the speaker for nan- hut they w 'er,'t exactly satisfactory. Everyone
agetneit 'nuh i everyhlirily's SOp rlise, The labor can rest assurel that the hieat ind most suitale
spak without etleI blw or cracking of to our need is ur ginl. ['ie commirttee s eI,m-
whii a acros his hi psition on labor iu the iii posed of Brothor J. C. iA.
1usell, Tarall,

OSCAR R. SEEGER
Born April 4, 1H92
Died December 22, 1945
L. U. NO. 79, Editor: Indiustry,
SYRACUSE, N. Y. long accustonned n lesorlutiondcdopt$_
large profits, >
laineoling (or the yenioal of restrictionsi on
price. andIts usual is h[lL ing labors
far a livin war, as the cause for their neel
d emands onHiat1634[
fI( higher prices. The result is that the mill
nf lhiriiLun are furiously grinding out bills
1J hhoo/b of (lkwkal
utciuonal ihrodll iLiorIIe
in 'lm itLes., From where I sit the product at Iu letitadthdiiwlCh4ic jafrw 3. 194G
]loks pretty bad. Motst of the hills are lama- Inm ate in
teril anrd irrelevant to indlustrl r ipeace, antdi do
not get to tihe Bsic trouble. The basic trouble
is the inability of labor and the pubhlc t ir-
c¢le i I ePit s worth for one dollar. That is
the 64-dolt r i-1stion for (ongressj, not the Ill~ (br
~~rinnlnlfin~~ l nctullr eg I !~~~~ltR
ifttid
l.cm
forbidding of strikes nr the use of petty lar-
eny pressuret on those who are on strike
The Natiioral AssoitLin
in full-page advrt nt
nf Manulacturers
tackles inflation
this wayl IRerieve prile controls on manufac-
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~h WIl~ll
.iMAV
tured goodls and rolliuctilro will step up fast." Aol~:o we 34i
"Goods will pour iito the market and within a
reasonable time prices will adjut theselves
naturally- s they talways have'. "Competition fWCr
r uld hevilv
~Pilir. h&)ntl
lflhierrrtv,
[ nlrhl[ IC
1]
aflilt'Ifit,
jh e~
9, -nwl'
fink klid
.i:li:t
rlit'a l~aiarnhrh~ #$tccritil'N
tcrli,: cdlar.tt;
stdtlllrl
TC;4 a~mltmsttt~tQIIOICTClt~tea
~.t jlxd~qiIacttad
ci1u rtvltflallol4
II~tl~?~
iaftil
Iva[
hrfwrtlnidhc.llttkr
nauur,'ttbliN°&a ata~ If-
BtP tt h'frrltLt 11943.m,
.taditthe
~ ~ A4Iil1SIiol~.Oaiea t.t* :
Id ~~
has lever failed to produce , lis result." (om-
petirion, the lan says, never failed. Well, let's
look into the history hook. Until around 1870
tih i kaster side by side with jourey-
drked
man anti apprentice. Hand tools were used and t~lwrtnts, wcr dtlli~CNI rrpcttiw koss oF 'it rsxt, n~nie o
goods were made to the ustolerPs order. Tile UIQlkVPI. fich ; Timerif tit
t'Ak d
factory system then came with machinery. This
was tine xe,~ptp that the merehant-mnanufac- tlihl:twnc bitt w[' rvor{uiovnIadlmno~in hi.' tnclrnlnanddtcr±ordtvdd {
tuetr anti the mrehanht-tapitallt changed the
rules. The master no longer ownel his shop,
~~ad-~~ cs
pr~.lhitltQrtliishlo1ud trtius t~iin~mxrsut
and proibt dpentded on the ilastr's skill in lrd eat ~il'tigt tqut,ltrbi, tImcWdt dŽ,rhM4~,lmdaJ £uhri.
dite4tilK labol. (oiolnotaioni~ of hitherto iole
pndend industries into single eConeieS, with
centraizued nanaertmEit wereI formed. arinuor
dleesCC had lhee resorted to for the purpose Th6lta i-ulLi P,
YclKt
of restrict ing eerrperithn. The earliest and
most common was an agrerment between com- R~·P nVc, , iv~ird "i Sex aincs iixnJ. inre~t
peting proucers to fix prices or limit onutput
as in the case of railroni and coal nines. An-
other method %as to dii he tI
territory, hut Lime, Q,,.ider KiH Nqi L I;kLl W,,Ut·e Alvea
these agreements were continually k broyen
y
the teleptation
these.
for higher plrotlts Nice guys A) bi~ct Wlle',rr C(Cduv 'tows 5 Ha},cr 5"t'r, FDcvtt
John D. Rockefeller asqrune leadership in Thonssaj OUBrtn Fylu, DoA frk lt Thin~s FCfknAI
the Standard Oil Complany and some uf the Ne'1 Utcits. \trIatIOne Xdelpl SLuiid lry li
omlpetitora of Standartid Oil frme(a! a trust in
18T7. Acclrding to this scheme a hoard of tris-
tees was seleted to whom the stockholders sur-
rendered their stuck, receiving in return trust
certificates. 'he trustees then ope rated the ----- ~~~~~ J
plants in harmony and divided the profits--
among the holders of trust certifieates. Other
APRIL, 1946 141

M. G. Nelson, Paul Benjamin and E. A. Mo- too? Remember Gren Landing In the Salgus determine the progress that has been made. H.
Culouggh. Riiver, ntd shahl we ever forget the lear muet spenild four hours each week in the class
Please let nlpcall the attention of those hilm- Brother who decided to lie dlowin ro I ret on rogol studying subjects that have been very care-
boes who aspire to qualify as employers to a the Itwn, .oon to discover that the lawn was fully chosen. I am sure we will all agree that
paragraph frIm, our working ruale and agree- Iheo)eang green? ilyan elrgnet enit ele ctricians will be made
meat: And, of course, therl is Cliucester., theLalnou throuLgh this prograrn.
'Certain qualificlionals, knowledge, expgtienee fishlig pgirt nig the Atlantic ('oiat. When we Mr. WVard Riley, ldiretor of the Lorain offie
and financial respolibility are required of think of C(loiucete l we ire rudinildled of B}ay of the US.ES . asII well is Mr. Frank Hlamilton,
everyone desiring to be an emIplayer il the elee- La [iord,' " the iloitailn. anig whimodwa the guy who in in cibs e of the pug ran for tile U.S.KE.S.
trical industry. Therefore, an elplouyer who that fu-ll asileep wigh the modtlsh ogn his chest office in Loriii, deserve our sincere thanks for
1cotracts for eletricaI work, i, i lipriso, ilril n.lll
okek, qp with
,ill . ..
a ... oIU~iltwl·ILtd
niust·he aiiil IIiil. hillo,,,
i-tlin whiskers ]le .i.ny I. hoir they have spent helpiiurg us get
or coirpllorationi having these qlujglileations andi iade iliwitll siit .fro..the OlxhiL t pi..
Lpe . oul program under way. The jobrt committee,
maintaininig a peoaaneat plae of ... alh s5. -i[ {lb yes, .h.se hilppy days will s.o.in i le with oinstilinig Of Hailel. )i.l.ee, William Barnes.
able finrancial starts to inert payrll,1s, insurullre Ili. for whiil-h we lre ver thlrinkful. anid Bay Ruddie, nf Lotmal No 12L). and Ray
and conpensati. l re.llgro .it.nts, aldI ii.ploying Wyeai- ihirking. to,, or theL ime luring thg Ward, Ray Werilz, a{Id Lester Kress, of the Lo.
not less than one journeyaman elect riclan.' ]94:1 AFt (Ciriventim,i hel in Io istin. when rain County Onilntactiors, act or all ippicoan"L
Guess thato's about enough fr, i the Lap-over. liunia lugbllill e I re ctin.s, we played host for the trainflig prograinm and w see tha their
(Where Virginial ps over into (a lionf.) to Ed B.rown.. ... us ±gnDet, Dan Manning, progress is u to the rhqiuired grainlig. We are
E. A. (MAC<) MICtr£OrUr P, S. Charlie Paulsen arid mniy ath er of theL E
E.1W. Sure tha thet veteran as well as other appren-
buyos and their ldies, whlre opportuiity pwe- tiler will appreciate and benielit by this program.
L. IT. NO. 99, Editor: In a recent sIIt'd itself to ItELll show off fild of nil sires Our thanks to Brother bay Ralddie for this
PROVIDENCE. R- I. isan of tie WonKrn, nid kingd eoglni ashore, later to b' pltced in IappnrltuLciiship pJrogranIi inifrrati.mri..
an item fro, Local f reivezrs C,,prI Ips ac~ross ithe coun try Fo our (:rEiOc BiUca. P. S
No. 7, Springrieli, Massacihusetts, tatedl that
one of its mrnilebrs was a caflndiidliate fir mayor. Yes. we ike t.m like to fh in it.
It is regrettable that inira of our qlualifil mede. L. U. NO. 19. Etditr: The fppre-
WVen awet you[,In, visit this yeltr to
brs show reluctaince when asked to rni I, fIor And n...w to sit I..k and dhfri a..d ,ait (le -
SHR8EVEPOWRT, I.A. tiicehip agreement be-
twen locaIl 194 and
public oflee '[he City of Plroixlenee piridives atinr wilthe us a ay or two on the rliny deep.
the Nationl Electrial tretrs' Associa-
for electrical inspetion withi, th, city limits what long houim dimitl aAIll good wisim. hi tiln has been resuume i aftedr a lapse of four
through the pulll engineer's o..ffie, which. in, }tS r¥y l. . t.Oa...
.. . i 8. yeats, ( lasses for apprentices are heirg held
turn. appoints sevral iIenspetor. At this ime, ait time Shreveport Tradles Sioo] oi l']uesmtl
no remlher of Local No. to is among the city L. U. NO. 129, tdglto: It has been ant] Friday nights and oire beirig instructed by
or the state insperto,,. City inspector Peter ELYlRIA-1,{}RAIN, rimeline since we en- Brother W
Weorge
Itohlinon ot Local 329, elee-
Ilc'ks has just been eliteid bpretideit of the 01110 %)cei..oi.gdto sen]d You trical instrutoir at the school,
>atioial Bo..rd of Electrical hInspetogrs and i o c,ntribti,ton forI Mr II tabh, Mr. 1 W iatns andt Mr. (C. Sr-
toeingf honored with a testimonial linner at in your eorrespondlene sect ion, hut however we are wieh ain, on Bithe cirig..ittee for the cantractors
of the local hotels by the Rhode Islagd E lektrical till ini ime litie fo,r the proper rights of our ma.l.ger of togal 191 R. Thoman.
osines
League. IIrothes, apI the workimrg in tf this rind of
Brothe r J. (Cawfuid and ii other T, Upechureb
Brother irace has been ppoinited by our (orl.~ are on the hconi i Intce Cor Local 194 and Geor-ge
local to assist a code revision erndLmIee . uni I io', ask army apologies for rsferring to the W. Rob imnson fCm i the tI esa g ool.
is considered an authority) on the rode in this Bible for what I ,night hive Loilsay. It siy thai A new electron.ics cjlas, for Local 194 is be.
section af Now Eliiand land would tr anoxed- "God o It lovd the L."l rli tiat lhe gave is , oly ing held at the trade snlihl and an electronics
lent choie for an in pector's berth in the city hItogott n mon fr, r r $ ItsJohng: i and I cla.s is liinig resuimel Cor I.oca 329. The class
or as a fieldl man for the State Board of Exarmi- think Ihat the time oos at hmnd we
that as thi is being immtrmuIledi tb r. Watson. (lasses ais
imere. w.orking nl, nf ,ur country, shohld pit into being held on Tuesday and Friday nights.
The labor situation ion IIIn d sland is niproy- al.tic.. inl our ieetline diiu
al ifour dlealings
IR. F. T.aleN, P. S.
ing. Several textile strikes have oeeonsetled i ni with fur etr[w ,in time fu idond ental plrii etiple
a strike of clerat workers at I, itIalI ifthei tiille. that ishrgrtherly loe.
known Machine loToi Manufacturin g lanit is W, mie ,i pl,oent uniting in a turminl or . V. NO. 212. Editor: On Satur-
apparently over. This compan y (oinflir our strlket Ihroufllhnut ou Ia i,p and it is too bad CINCINNATI, OHIO mI y . February 23,
local press and has a.l the facilities fT, the dis- that the .mmlbim.
.. Imrn i s tl o tliake for the 1*B. local 212 held
tortioi] of facts. It frankly opposes the L. i. thing i,ie is entitled to. heni. officia by r fgure its annuls lance at the Hotel Cibson Roof (ar
Bonus Bill. now pendi in g and forecsts dre the est of Ioivhg hlos gone np sonic t0 or 40 dien. lhere a an ovrtflorw crowId which re.
fiancilal results for the tax-payers if the bill is percenit andgwas agre lglgiag. A working man atritedi the area available for dancing. The
has to hoie wolk Ian.. cash his bonds or drgw oi, crowd va. very aocihe arnid everyo.nie eenoied
passed. Meanwhile, individual members of the
fanlily conlolhIilg thi comipanrly are able to hi. a-ings , if he h.n any, while some big hosi- toi have a good tie. ihe floor show was very
donate $250.000 to a local hospital fud arid ness mben afgpe my.er he pint if a ew lentes. good.hHo w-ver,] thinkthat either we shiold
foin a hall in which Ito give our dance
.rger
like to renark hInt "office workers come a tdnie lieowegr, I got1i, think i i the qulestion of a
fhw cents. so'rch la it in the (questim,n of the or disrpense witll], tie door show nd ltllnit the
a dozen."
attentdaince. It would be unfortunate if a lot of
The Newport Torpedo Station. which is in our Irlincliie ofi unigiismr, and that is whiy I say we
jurisdiction, is being movedl despite the efforts neel a revival of good old fashined bhrotherly our nl gl[ers stayeid iiway for, as a ,roup, we
of our Senators and Congressmnen. Newport was love. can gaill a lot fron, the good fellowship gen-
orated at thf-s aairs.
one of the sites considered as a possible I. N. O. We note wi h saitlfaction that John L. I~.wls
The postwar period offers nore headahes as
headquart.ers. and his rited Mioe W orkers
are back in the
folds of the A. F. of _., and ts, we quote from far ,s material is eoirmerd than did the war
In addition to our four local broadcasti ig sta-
period. Why worry? Souoni curle, the post-
tions, two separate applicatilon have bee,, made the ,oran Jot al ofF eirury 14, 3946, that
there in iI plan tin for the eVentual merger {,f strike period when we will hIve mor- thinis
to the F. C. C. for permission to erect and
the Miurray-lHillan I. I. O., that would nlghilizo than we oill know what to do with. About that
operate a radio broadcasting station in Woon-
more thin, 1 skilale andi unskilled work-
l4,000,0l( tile, we c.anr"Ltop, lolt and listen" for the denl
socket, Rhode Igland.
tin eioodi will le (ii he way.
Do I sound Rotarian? You'll be seeing me. inrien under tine baumt r, nr to me it looks is it
oinetihie in the noit-too-ar-distauit future that WI till no
.lire ned Lo worry for we can
T. H. PFlsiMMlONS, P, S.
always reverse the Irend by getting ready for
we night hove a organiration combined thalt
the next wailr an life will go mherrily along -
L. lU.NO. 103, Edilor: April is the realty cgul get snmething c-eo. lisqhld for tile
at least for soni. What goes on in the world
BOSTON, MASS. month in this neck of wgorkinrg{ aan.
Our .Lornin ('Cuty luilding angi (onstruction today doesn't encourage one to hope for arty-
the w.ods whehn thll
Trades (ci... il (A.i. rof l,'I ..
ma..ited It heck for thing brttr.
boat owners. and there are lnasy of thili in
Local 103, begin to put their craft iln corditi $150 to the Ci. I. 0 strike relief pureear of Viro.n1 J. Fr P.
PAun,
S.
for the open sea flumin paoint, ealk iil seams, Jl,olitin ...
gouly, hiIch wlas g-aelolv aiknowl-
checking motors, ibeninig soils anid sun1dry 1other edgedby the strike fund counii..ilt'el, in the past L. U1.NO. 210, Editor: At one of
jobs will be the ordier of the day. "Then. ho, for few iinnthis higre hais ien woimlifil cooperat VICT(1IA, It. C. our recent regular
the open sea, my l[lds, where you t,le yermh lif, ti nHill ill, hou ildi g II .ag.e eao oii..il rmeetiigs, a Brother
on the wing. where you are the world and th, We lBgthetrq of .1 II. N., 129 art quile proud eniphatically exprsrserl hisilisappro val of nel.m-
world is you, aY. eer rv m.an is a k.in ,' of the eregress made in the appe,,ticeship hers an Ieetinigs being coprelled to listen to
Yes, the ocean I.ine. to the isbhi o, grouid irgegrimm establish l ingder the( C. I Hill of lengthy reiports from lelegamtes senL by the
where thercd roil' of the CMld Bay Stlate is }lighid. ]t im1,nme ia grew era in a. 1 igprcnth'g-hIlp itolI to the Trades and Labobur Council, and
the loure inldnanlylig ire thile ir, who will riiniiI trainling. Tlli'T is gilterrol aio etxernsive Iimehl similar bodgies,
after a weekinml relx,,d and reehedhd, reriady basie e geIric-l y. in ifior work, conmtr' s, lmarnti It felt thot t"Work and WVazrs" (a famous
for the rogh iiilosoi t he johns ahead. systeni telephiiles ale sine [ eletromois,. The political slogan. i{n these parts) ahouldl lie thh
We are thinikiig of those of ns .Ih do inLI aprmrenittmc aIls". ge,, tLie oppioI. t.uriitv to Igpply gotletp ic of cn versat i n at union meethiti
yet own inls, but nevertheless get ouI theta tmery to the practical side n the eight hoIur8 A pt/rate conversation with the Brother over
on one of the many lluls for hire. ltnchieonr spent ach day in thv shop. Ie{ uost serve 8,000 a friendly imp of coffee elicited the fact that in
City Poiat, and who was the guy while feeding hours to fultill his training. The conclusion of all his 25 years of ILB.E.W, membership, nobody
the ishes gave up a perfecliy good set of teeth, eaLol 1,000 hours calls for an exani.. ation to had ever shown him the position in society that
 146 The Journal of ELECTRICAL WOAKERS and Operators I
Th.e allacy o fi ghtin g or higher oelntay will[apidly folow suil. The Governe.
nt was iot
wages instead of for e lahrger shau 4f the it all raLxious, at tirsl, but one convineed, lost
wealth pllcelueed, here setmlis to recslve lhe it- tillle ill alriilg at al understandiong with
tention it dloserves. Workers e o ll oe.r.ptoiins, us.
although the largest gloup in any COUntry, still The construction industry is now due for a
wait until rising living COStS compel them to therogh ul, w
ev.elheh ie invadleld by the
take action, the results of which iwuaty put usual postwar crop of amlbitious labs onxious to
theal baek in the si n position.
n set up in business or to enrIf a liitle side money.
Brioth r Gordon of . U. N,. 7 stale l Lhe need A succssful meeting between wiremen and con-
for planning, also celtain other trut]s. If lhse tr.etor was held a week ago at whilh we
thitngs wore nlnl widlly known among our plainly pointed out how things were shaping up,
nlleci l,'r this Organliatiol ~ouhId be ii a flr Tll contractors promised cooperation, Derhaps
better poii ion tIt help society as a whole ti by our next isue I shall be able to report snme
wilcris perm.nenti pence asli prosperlity. progress in this matter. e .
Brnther Smith, of ilcal 58, calls for o great t. B:, B, M,.
A. F. of L, leaier, to iead us all out of the
wildleresS. I "would plefer a well inifornd ned l
LbsILIIp that coilI inltrut the executive am to
its wishes. We would then have a real delnut-
racy, without the wilderiness if ignforenle and
eonftasion to which he obviously ref rs. L. U!.
L. UI. NO.
NO. 317,
317, Editor: Greetings
Routher cinI to the point, at which we .rist LUN'I'[NGTON, Fham down on the
all arrive before a solution of present ifl- W. VA. 0-h-i-o, Local No, S17.
euties iIan he foulid. It is impossible Io. put I jut. came from the
ofhir arid herdret our business agent, Pete Sniath,
eco holny to function on a ati sfaetory basEi
whil, we-lors ia a whole can only buy a fril- hql several of the boys who hIfd just colploded
tion of thl wealth they produce. (tiles am lls te. Ia Goveil.nts II"Be ther in the morn-
)il, to
ies remlin unilistril,uted., purchasing power ing. They go toI work at 8 A.M.' Well, thai kind
aid limin .standlas
ig fall, l..epressils arrive f tabilk souniis pretty good as it moans no lost
followed by wars When Reuther Lshlrli ld the tiieirc aI no oine liedl he out of work. I hope
riic'lnnyer give the worker a. reaer ShLre i i lie the ane goodI luck prevails in all our Brother
results or his labor, instead of rotia ilag it as lals. iunlerstIindL that the material shortage
profit, Ienuther knew what he was talking aount. hius pUl oebrilnl in the ictIiities of sonm corn-
I regret space does not allow ies tIo clfnl wih itniitIes. bu I hoIe soon to hear tis liottle-
Broth.er Smniths views on <fair en.ipeti rol. iecli i iUonlore. Big pioS are in the making
and "private iilittilve". Plihopis whe thle in this seelion, and at present it looks as if
JOURNAl has mree paper, more press se. ntarirs Inasl No. 317 is going to he plenty busy. Sev-
will be allowed space for an oreastiii..l article flilI in yIllr'ir nICmblirs have returned
11f
on such impoIirtant mInIttes, iniead of ieing fron. tinD Acl.liy ,ill Navy anti are now back
held down to a letter. workingelongs of US eldti..iers. I have .een
We recently signed an agreeremn with the wolFi ig awith oni. of these retu rnod Navy boys.
new Britilh Columbia Power aomilission, cover ,ho wa. it radar techlicini. overse..., and from
iEg its operations on Voneeluver [s I ai. As the he aindern k .. w.lldge of up-to-tho,-Ilndlle stuff
first, ade union to sign a collective blargaiionig thnt h,' shoots at me, I slLe al. being ceo
agleillent with the British (olillnlia ProvincialI ilaed thaIt shnhld ibe ith aer..ltnlee a.ld not
[I
(overntlet we hope all other inte reterl unions thl Navy boy wtlkiacg wih ne, even it I have

BroIher William M, Hafie, of L. U. No. 80, Norfolk,

Virginia, and son of Brother D. M. Hanor, L. U.
No. 80's president hasjut bh n offiMally do.
dlarod dead by the War Department. Brother
Haftntr pio oMf a 9-24 and holder of the Air
Medal with three Oa Laf Clusters for moritori-
ous sorvice in both the Afl intl and Pacific thea-
ters of war was reported Mlssing Novumber 5.
1943, whn his plane filed to return to its Now
Ginea base alter a mission.
It Itrac[nion rlust
l otc py, if It is tI justify Its
To adoptI the selfiih nttiltde that so long its
our wages antIi collditsrli sIltilsfactry, the
rest of the worn ci an stew ill Its own juiie, never
helps us very mluch, especilly whont we are in
aljaum ani need the help of others.
Neither does it maI IorI, progress ani or-
derly developmoilnts of ollr comunity, state or
ounltry.
The main reason thli this lti.l..ltioiltl Ir-
ganization has hecoine a power [o te reekeondel
with on this colln llnet is ind tio th! fact thiat it
has taken an intllgnlet Interest In publie at-
fairs aid given suppoIt to worthwhile causes
conecrning the workers' welfare.
People retI that we ire to " terused, that we
are working for the conmon good, for that
reason we are able to inlluence public opinion.
Locally, we illuencle publi opdnion. in the
ame[onnenr. As mAehanics we mult prove that
we know our jobs .and are o lie trustIl, as
citizens organizoed ifiL a trade union we :ust
show that we are wrkint or the bentfit of the
com]nmuniity, nd are qusally ready to condemn
bad wiring, had government, or any ther so-
cial evil Our local unions should he I raining
centers fron which the memiers can abtill
SuCh aimldet facts as to how and why trlades
unions ealie into existence, why we have 'nor-
mal times." 'booms,", "sluimps". warS, lunm-
pliymnit.
MEMBER'S THOUGHT OF EASTER
Interesting notes reach us fron/ thtne toime eoncerning actlivitie of our me.m-
bers scattered all over the wrld. We receIntly had news of an old member of L. U.
No., :148, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Brother H. C. Daw.
Flight Sergeant IH. C. Daw, BE.M., was horn in tiereford, England, and came
to Canada in 1907. During World War I he was a memiberi if the 4th Battlion Ca-
eitadia Engineers overseas. An eleetrieian by trade, lie enlisted in the electricians'
branch of the R.CA.F. in 1941, Brother I)aDw has alwys been very active in trade
union circles ani was recordiiing secretary of L. U. No. 348 for many years. He also
served as vice president of the Calgary Trades and Labor Council. Brother Daw has
always tried to keep abreast of the times and at present he and his son, Clifford, are
attending the electronics course sponsored by L. U. No. :148.
This interesting information on or Brother Dw ndl the fact that it is once
again the Easter time, prompts us to reprint a poem of Brother D.w's, first sent to
u. for' Easter 1932 when the world was at peace. Sine, then we have I,, through the
terrible holocaust of another war, now to come agrain to another resurrection morn
in a world once more at peace. May this Easter dlay bring resurrection to the dying
hope of the people of a ravaged world and the peace of the Risen Christ to us all.
For Easter Morning
Thhi oton I plucked a cIcue o, the lea,
Where green bladeswov a .mian to adorn
A spring day of the west wind newlyborn.
The robin thloated sweet a roundely;
ThIe ar-k above--i wodrous ecstasy--
C.n. sen t the buddinlg re.e within the th.r.,
Where I but feel the,ick and erse the dawn
That heralds but another w 4rtingday.
God's ,;orld is good! If Itly man
, would shae
What He has freely givn--"The least, of ther"
Answers to Himn; today each ia pins ae;'
Whilst we. the bilders, forced tN bededrl knee
,Must watch a troeher dying iv despair,
Like Him, betratyed hut g to rnhlihss
a (ree.
- }. C. l)Dw, I,. U. No. 948.
APRIL, 1946 147

been, at the i re twistimg game for the past;30 most morAbers of 353. You coul.d always bo s distinctly labor-throttling andi definitely an
years,. Guess i Uli "gittin' too derll li"l' to ligure sulre of plenty of interest in uiion ifftairs, Vilkl etve t iilleace to, fne and ulttrtlllelled labor
out what the hock this boy is tal kl tilo, i.ut.ut wih a bit of hilreiply Ili witleyvr jol, ho wicl fltoa littler
it is iure good listentllg* Al, whlth is worrylill Wolkimg., Il is also well liked by Iby cOtraiVcto'
me Is that this yetir Just gliag over the situation as regards the
rascal tells nt. that I as lie is l top miteh ul, hurii ad a.w.I ys, ptai spoiisor of thigse ats, it oeeurs to your scribe
won't be too old to be
I ect, il, tile flutle Iechi- in Ii good lay's work. During thfl wia yarl. thail towo I.any of these stricly-from,-hulger at-
nill In I.. calling
pocket, up ...y bean ad tell- BroheI NuLtlanid ,worked It l utihion Bridlge trIcys startl out ctheir political lC..reers with a
ing him to sndlme out ifing a i. to iiIll-
x iiitll Io htlohr sakel. rl iIl IhI lay-outt work., lfiteijit goal iVI Hinti.A cirelul] perusal of the-
other filig-i ji or, a laiy's tilltltii ifi, and sII..eIviioli of all h uti rlclll inltiritl ze'nleal's lIeruld of vote i* ii hrslate legislature,
lifter. My applretiee boy says jit'U a sure 'oni.- t ni.ilVI thi]r l-. t eill-iikifk
lillts as puljlihetld ty ihe Sutte federation, gives a
itg thing So I gUess I'11 ask how iuiich far tlqvtys hei .......gejLitVis ii; wVl hi has
iluvlr grcIitllt ictilt ul If a dtllr ii..etly anti labor
will cost. ,lnd}IlakVei ariL osutlaly tt... n texce'lL,'t j bila. Milaybe tlese llllllgil, heroes picture thel-
J, E. SE. T[. P. S. ciff will io, doutbt eI"titiItiu it dtI so i llia hew ilIsv 1 eveHually ieiig able to attraci the
I,,s itli['l. lIe is an l!1Ihtl.s Inle ijlli,w t, tof thu notice of big tijsi... I' ]by their
anti labor activi-
L. U. NO. 353. ' Olr pres I'rrtlt, .lito l lel hIbck% telait a1rld illlely tiel, ali] the"il 'ligib up irtt lap olf ,.LIIaU..-
TORONTO, ONT. Seettliy, Jiek Null- ilt.e l h ;[ ol I .. .a. Iuless there is Iai. .I. nilit all i flie
fed illstouIs slices of il that
Ibladl, hoVllg eha, d IllellCI~l~ Oilii ih ili' ingi0ht ainid bt- is als,, feitid m~oney!
his lob reenItly lhas hId very little sfphlr tit.. fi igIIa o p..lel ilof ii which hill UIIlly l.es.. Also little ogll 3i90, afitri
stlttcesrtafly nregottei-
to write his usual letter to tie joi.NA.i, iili tilsl 'y~iilmr
II would , 111111
befl nmst lill, ii Illi... if
uttr.tuntluit f,it /lj,iisiVI,,
nw hiIY jol) ]111 it sitttiitiultl itorttl. ieI with the New ,nug-
letter is just a fill in until lie gets II's tiil}Nig ritfleel II Il, I.h unhiol Ie.Wtit, if blit lihe hs lind 1'owier Solvice (o, is Mlarting con/teniplg-
again. istklleftlEti tbl he will I Ol..itu, ,I IiIt lil our io.n if
of a a ew gr'eenteut with thp oclitti co~.
Blothut NXlldaid has beeui7 olilo. theO !,,1t~LitS HBn act as rI'll. atu to lthel eL.11i nIo ttretres which, we have every reulsit, to believe
Oitario I]dustry anld Lah...r 131olama, Oilh,, J, LhltI~I I Lqllil~il I, l .l c ,u arroy, ii, ...st Itrc- will l]i conllele[ itll O uslal odrly and dig
legtativet, wlhith
i s a II llmile jb. ThisI I tr..l rotry. 8. g,,itt 'II i, he will ltI.baIk w±ih hi, Itti iti lllWIt,
... Mor of Ilbis laterh ill
alinihlislers$ serl.l.l ld' Ontilarilo's la..i l"aw
suth S lette Ilior. VrijI II "IIIIIl-l(.ld ill ...ii ILII ll " Icylil d jiit
ligLII
as tile 41-hur work week and
h. ioldly)s wi1, pIy (;i~ggululnt~Litrtg Julrk unyit the hdI ins hIdo.
act, the liT/llilil wage ilforwomenll, the albry.ei- WVmntiL.iAM l',',MNqggAu, 'i. S. I t d iT
aI;I
ae,used i,
LI.. lieeotimid teil quite
tLee aLt. etc. tri.k It e home
arry three WntVemlorts,I ItI.
Labor- is very forttumte, lh brLVill . siehi ilii L. II. NO. :3.i96, Ebdil: 'tll. Mat I'll bet hoiollyever, tilie [ le,,y pairs O]' skis.
abie Yree ILv[ us lllther
t Nutlanl who, BOSION. MASS. ehtiwsta, Stae lilhr.a l a etruet car suceeefi~lly.'
lefnt liLabel Is gird- tificd
i'[III ...I' al. I.AIsay¥,
actil/y irtloresni i t
ubeen ed uli,-i iller,
Lig uil is hlios Flllel·I llllI lo ilin btle ill
for 25 though
IiH or
yulas l, ylhp
mere l.li ,I ,ia ll yll.,g ...ll,tf hit,
priesidct I- Ihe Stat, legislaL'jgt, agciits two aIti-Ilber
cal Uiionl 5 for 15 years untiltlie
1OL.NO. .. ch7p1, EdItoti Oulrl busli-
ileclI tll nugsure', w~ltirh tir" spiottt.'lold hy A.tttl'ry (Glc-
retire trrlli that ll,,ith,. Mghstill ittends the ril i Itl'(
.. lle A. Illrie. [tttl, ar.( in Ih lrh lle of Silalllls Mo , itt tle. lsy
ilnlltlts tleibv ancd is ilelegait, to the Irt- iri lit ljlv lpe titli.lls ll art' eil, tt.il It appeir us, Kilg Siiiiti/ tird tdOO iont (iriiallie. The,
tonto arid Iistriet Trades and Labor (Cuiicil. oil the stale ltlltt in Niyugltul we tui/k ge it through thick/Itiskulls that we
He aIsTo reprsens the ,lrt.rnat...oit Olto WIile it wtl, l nequilh lotI
I lluhl sp. C to aut ilIto think fO, tlrse]ves.
the lradlres rnt labr (lrglrss oif re .i l [Ii l IIT, IIb ftIM ites of I Ilit,s twoe acts,
gI We st y sllal etlluig is iHillt il. Perlu I say
Brother Nutlard hig workeId il most oI, th
Il' ,i We of No, 111kst,[Ilg i ll.g wh'le i rhttl. wlwth s.onilt lile NO.stk in
1tI7 e 1.8. A.,tt' O{ilSe Wise
jobs around town, is kiowr, anti eIii liked by the Sitate Tl,,,elction iii ill
J it..llIg IIh, sllt itel igt, have filil to [ertet
iifithlculty
the
nut The

ANNUAL STATEMENT OF ELECTRICAL WORKERS BENEFIT ASSOCIATION

In compliance wiLf he equielnlcqis of VI thl' fal I I. ill ai, t ,1Dibarsemenls
are pikl lmihilg Ifluw t1Itit til.tifatim ,oIt
various slateits, i! fildi nltht! I)...thi Clait $1.015,695 83
nnll s.tatti.e.t (ifthe Eleo Lie4] V.uher'l It
Betit AS. ochifhltill
V ' er Stilaileslr f Io s,,e
the year cdinig I)ec3nb, h 31 1!)Ml5. alitei's of E11lnttee n MIAMI
I 13.606 63
htisurlunmce lpltmiiign1L I't' 187.004
ASSE TIS Ito .ti .il..L II
lBords $4,734.,35.98 l'r'il[l g, 8tim, atr nd p Stp ll.es 716855
IIh,924},LRIa0.00
t'hited States (]i,'r c...t I'tstiigso. E'tlepss, itehphulus ig mo]
r~ I ltgrapjhu
ll~f.7 ].-,,x
1J,761.02
Ciitlali cIovernent,
i ( ties anI P'rovinrs 11810.48 2,239 5.
I'lsi lu iii
l.eills .Siiy
M pla
Public Utilities 677,5(i$,01t i}xll "L'Ub Iall illlY P~T....Tcill I 62IO
Industrial anl Misve[llaneuus 96,wr 241. 21
2,f601065
'Ihose' sut t to a.tort ith, iot aortized vtldues; (h.ts. Itixt, lt. liisiaid )thil l; peI o Vs Itt I IEaisitke 50.277 53
not s-object c.rriol VIllarklt vOlei.
at Aiuiitiig .1)(1.004
Stacks 43584
) x :l I'ederl,
II rstnil I rPteLy, etc.y 7,5161 93
Public I}1 ilities $13l..11i.7'.0 26.9 15 .2
Banks lthl huIsrll ii.cla (ollp*niLes I!i,2.0 12.2Q4ii.h
Industrial Hind Miscellaneous H10l,2t730 D"Jutlt
I evreaseI on huteTmiieiui, 27,40.78
72190
Carried at mal.ketic lies.
First l\titgri, .ins To,
".nIII ltisus llg tI s $1.275048.22
lFede al Hji.i.gi... s.tied Lt.ui .2,712.5,13.88
Convenionai l Amortijed Loutis I,: 1.974.02 Efi.t.ss of Ihlcotll/i ver I)ithllgrsnellts $1,877,380.31-
Other Moirtgige Loans * Doe,,,, olmi. irele i .us..e... IlLm'tOtf
l, $2('2,250 77.
Exhibil If Certificates
ReaI EtiaIt Owlied 5I3R,0906.26 vchh"
Home. Ofllie Buiillig $.1111111s,11 Iotit <tin rliitth' ini fo, rlcec
Demhr
c 3I1, 1944 186,034 $1 I,631 .150.00
d0.{X
l[~0 G0
110/00.001 II...fl
e t
Other Rhli] Estate if! I*S , . itI ]J
.V
,¥!il 0, l/1 28,088
1[]elIf Ii )I Ilitt. l i', tlivedI dIIdnmII tht, yelor 5,08.g00.00
Cash ill Baiks an llI Ofic 1.63'.677 iV Setugeefit I rtiificate increaseId Iiurin, thi year 6.839.68.25 00
Interest Ii.. Ituot1 Accrued 12,6t53.33 m
Other Asset. 181,7;Ig, 5Q 'heluits 215,0219 $13;.979,.875.00
1-.1 - Itelleiit It rilhti , tg.rn.in...teIl.
I.. Ieergoasej Odr
Total Admiited Assets $13,71;3,421 :5 ItraI sforf ,l, dtrIng the Year %1.(1
fO95,125.00
LIABIlITIES
Death Claims due and luIpoili $ 0,4,995.46 Iy tlI BIll ifi,,~ Iertil.tl.
in... December
r btlh
Death (lu].irns ioc1u1r'. ill clrrernt Year undl not repnIrted bI V45I ,4 7/;,.65 126,884.75000
until fellowing y.ar. 60,600.00 enell (Itiifills tlemitlited iby deaths i.
Adlvanc Assesrlnlielts 2 10.011.20 pIrted miuering the yiitl I,3 52 $].Org.450 00
Other Liabilities 5,33 1 87 Cf uettl]~,mfii ~
( rtificautes tJ g-rnl inated ~ by
byiipir]lapses re-
e
poirted~ dinril/g t~he year 87.212 61556,675.00
Total Lin iilit is $192,828.63 Exhibit of Death Chdlims
INCOME ANT) I)IDIIIlSiM ENMTS--I 1915 Clacilm niptid ie, nleb 1. 1!44 I]IC $82.24 1.29
Cliilang ieliotte l dtlt iir g h e mr 352 1 ,088,45(0).
M enilhlships,
nand Ad.i.. iiorts rtti.stategieil/ I'ecs $2,568.1 64 )0
Interes Mortgage
t, ,.sna 245.286 2;I Tot a 1,468 $1,120,C91,29
Interest ,I o., ds i1i7,54 89. Claims paid Iudring the y'eflr 1.234 1(015.695 83
Dividends on Stocks 2t .88L.31
Rents 71,525.8,4 234 $104,995.46
Profits on Sale or Mfaturity nf nlrtv llu,its 5M
712ccc Claims rejocted luring the year 92

Total Income Applied $3.1 52,42t.53 Clainms unpaid December 31, 1945 142 $104,995.46

140
results have been rather questionable. I am a
firm believer in collective bargeining. The A. F.
of L. has proved that a vast portion of the in-
dustrial management are willing to trade. How-
ever, they are rather stubborn when we fail to
produce after an adjustment is made.
In Brazil, if you want a piano moved to an-
other part of the city, 12 men are called to move
it, with two to carry the stool.
If we want a solid economic system, we must
produce artiles for foreign trade, atit price
they can pay. This does not imply that we should
work for less. Rather that we produce more with
the equipment we have.
As long as we sit around and do not produce
those commodities we want for ourselves and
some for others, we can find a gentleman of
shady character who has gathered those articles
for us on black market.
The reporter from down on the Levee.
DareyMAr.
L. U. NO. 558, Editor: Brother C.
SHEFFIELD. ALA. E. Jessup suggested
closing our books to
new members with the exception of the fol-
lowing:
1. Those who have had their cards in this
local union.
2. Members with cards over five years old.
3. Returning veterans who were in good
standing with this local union upon entering
armed service.
4. Veterans certified for our craft by proper
Government authority.
Brother Jessup has made similar suggestions
on several previous occasions. At our February
1 meeting a motinon was made and carried as
above. Perhaps I. B. E. W. cards will not be
prassed around on silver platters so lavishly,
lenceforth let this be a timely warning to those
who joined the job, not the union. Soni day you
may have to serve a ipecific number of hours on
a picket line before getting an i. B. E. W. appli-
cation card.
Our local union has grown in membership to
an extent that we will have an assistant busi-
ness manager in the near future. Brother Gelreg
E. Jackson, business manager, has sorely nr.ledld
an assistant for several years. The idle list shows
1
ess than i0 per cent of our members idle-
thanks tothe thoroughness and effiiency of our
Business Matager Jackson.
Several of our members in service have ben
reported missing in action. We lave only one
known member killed in action, Brother Coy W.
Phillips, U. S. Navy. Brother Bob Broadfoot
suggested that a plaque be made and mounted on
the auditorium door, bearing the inscription,
"Coy W. Phillips." A motion was made to delay
action until our missing-in-action Brothers were
reported on by the War Department.
We have a death benefit fund in this local
nion. Elach of us are assessed $1.00 for each
death of a union member. To date we have had
only 16 deaths over a period of years. The
smallest amount paid out in our death benefit
fund was $365.00 to the beneficiary of Brother
Tom I. Laton, who had paid into the fund olily
$1.00. The greatest amount paid out was $962.00
to the beneliciary of Brother Hugh W. Flem-
ing, who had prid into the fund only $7.00.
Brother W. T. Jeter had paid $15.00 and his
beneficiary received $720.00. This is perhrhp
one of the cheapest forms of insurane in the
world. Should the pro rata premiun be voted
to $5.00 per death, we would greatly increase the
amount paid to wives and families of deceased
Brothers. We have nearly 1,000 membersat this
time.
We salute Brother C. Hopwond of the Tri-
Cities Central Labor Union. He wes responsible
for the beginning of what is destined to be a
owewdul labor political movement that will do
great good for both organized labor and the
farmers of North Alabama. There are anlun-
known number of thousands of semi-dead uiion
votesttht could Ix used in our behalf. Am-
munition for the coming battle against labor is
found in votes, Unless we advise all local unions
and each metber of each union, we can't deliver
a strong vote. Research on vital issues and tell-
ing the story of labor and all others who are
The Journal of ELECTRICAL WORKERS and Operators
even indirectly associated with us, should be
given immediate attention.
Brother Paul I. Gatze of the Labor Legion-
nao., Berkeley, California, has done a remark-
able job in behalf of the "26 lDayAnnual leave"
program, which is to be standard in municipal,
state and eventull y all branches of civil servic.
He advises that Senator Knowlands has spon-
sored such a bill, No. S7124, for postal work-
er5. Also there is a Patterson Bill, No. H. R. 680
and No. 613, Please give these bills careful eon-
sideation. iThey help to create more employment
and strngthrn lorale.
J. GuY DANELSt, P. S.
L. U. NO. 611. Editor: Last month
our letter gave the
ALBUQUERQUE,
N. MEX. opinion many union
men have of the failure
of our democrittic system to live up to the
lefinition of de.m..racy as given in the diction-
ary, which is in part, "belief in social equaity,'
"charateristic of or hefitting the common peo-
ple," ''not snobbih or socially exclusive."
This letter points out the lack of nioeraecy
in our so-called democratic army fighting for
democracy.
The one great complaint of enlisted men is the
glaring favoritism extended to the officers as
compared to the discrimination imnposed on the
nlo who do the fighting.
The point is well illustrated in one of Bill
Mauhlin's famous war cartoons. Privates Willie
and Joe rre shown ragged and dirty. unshaven
anddiconsolate standing on the street. Joe has
his arm in a sling. Signs on the buildings read,
"]ted Cross Officers Club." Pingpong tourna-
men t...".. lovie." This establishment strictly off
limits." An officer is shownll fininig fault with
Willie's appearance and Willie explains, "Them
buttolns was shot off whten I took this town."
The popular and often quoted inagaine,
Yank, ran an article in which they condemned
the tendency toward an "officer caste" system in
the army and promotion because of an accident
of birth or education or political pull.
Yank condemns the practice of letting officers
get away with errors and faults with a repri-
manid while a G. I. gets busted for the same
offense. They say there is no need to differentiate
between officers and men off post or off duty and
that it has bad results and that there should he
no differenet, in the quality of housing and food.
They rendel the sign "off limits to E. M." and
say "You will find many a bore with stars on
his shoulders and there are some charming
people wtih only one stripe or less on their
sleeves.' Yonk strongly recommends that officers
he promoted entirely for their training, ex-
perience and ability.
The following item from the Eddy County
Neus (New Mexico) is typical of the ideas of
many.
"In Memphis an AAF Captain and an enlisted
WAC were denied a military wedding because
the officer was marrying out of his military
class, It is such snobbery il the armed forces
which creates bitterness among returning en-
listed personnel. It emphasizes the archaic code
of social distinction prevailing in a so called
denocratic almy, Such snobbery should be
eliminated, along with the topheavy brass-hats."
Returning soldiers do not complain as much
about the hardships of war as they do about the
arrogant, domineering attitude of the oficers
and their practice of grabbing the best of every-
thing for themselves.
There are many stories coming out of the
war. One told of sailor living almost entirely
on beans for days because of food ships being
sunk while the officers of the ship had plenty of
the regular rations, On another ship the sailors
got turkey wings and necks on Thanksgiving
while the officers were still eating the choice
parts two days later.
These conditions are recognized by many, in-
eluding Yankd magazine as having much to do
with the tailure
of the Government to procure a
sufficient nlbher of recruits or replacements.
There are eanly offiers who have the respect
and .adniirntion of their mem hut while we have
I.
the kind mentioned above we do inot have
democratic Army or Navy.
JAESr M......IEi, P. S,
L. U. NO. 637, Edilor: It appears
IROANOKE. VA. to me thet the people
of these Unied States
are.. not so enthused about organied abtor.lThere
have been quite a few labor dificulties which
we of the Blolherhood think could be settled
without a work stoppage,.
At this particular time a milk strike is in
progress in Detroit. The milk dealers should
know by now i: costs more to produce milk than
it did two years ago. They are not only being
stubborn, but are depriving babies and children
of their very existence. Milk is vital to small
children, so therefore why don't they do some-
thing about it?
Your press secretary is working in one of the
largest cities in America, and has just been
through one strike. ULtilities Company knew that
they were going to cause 3,000,000 to have to
walk to work that time because they would not
agree to a pay boost for its operators. I walked
five and one half miles to work and back until it
was settled. Why can't the companies and corpo-
rations get together with organize dlabor of-
cials and come to an agreement before these
things hsppen. We of tile Brotherhood through-
out the nation know living elildtions have come
down. During all the defense work wages and
time offset the high cost of living. Now the cost
of living is still the same but in eomparison
wages are just one-half of what they were one
year ago. If they want to equalize things, why
don't they cut the cost of living 30 per cent.
Then a working man could get along. Or are
they trying to make a slave out of the working
classes? Are they determined to keep them down
to just a barely existing level? What do you
Brothers think?
I understand there have been some changes
made in our local union. I do not know at this
writing just what they are, but I am hopingj
they are for the hest and I think that any change
made for the better is just what we need.
Htere is a bit of news for those of you who did
rot read it in the papers. A San Antonio, Texas,
multim.llionaire oil an joined the A. F. L
truck drivers Union L. U. No. 656 to suppor.
organized labor two weeks ago. If this country
had about jive million other guys as wealthy anii
with the same idea as this man has, collective
bargaining would go a lot furth.er than it h.
gone.
So. let's all get in there and play ball with
the rest of the Brotherhoods and see if we can't
get the old ball rolling along again as smooth
as it was a couple of years ago. We can do it
so let's do.
F. J. (IMtMIE) CrLoy, P. S
L. U. NO. 654. Editor: Adequate
CHESTER, PA. housing, one of the
nation's major prob
leis, is of vital interest to organized labor as
labor will play a big part in contributing to its
solution.
No doubt many ideas[ have been suggested ad
anl answer to the existing shortage and I sup-
pose one more from me would not hurt, so here
goes-
Each local that is financially able would
purchase a piece of property and build a modern
home thereon. The home would then be sold for
cost to a local ,eimber who would be chosen by
some form of lottery.
Upon completion of the sale the new owner
could do with the house as he saw fit, with the
exception that if he offered it for sale he , ust
first post it for 30 days with his local before
public announcement.
The new owner could set his own re-sale price
at the existing market.
As soon as the local sold their first house they
would immediately start another and go through
the same procedure.
Some locals could possibly have several houses
under construction at one time.
Adapttirion f this plan would supply a con-
stant source of empIlyment for local member.
APRiL, 1946 mg

anil local contrators; of eourse all naterial your loyalty to unionism, but prove your loyalty to send to the Statell Board of Mediation of New
would carry the union label. by utniln lhleling vourself to show the people York of which Mr. Pitele is a member. H,,ow he
'The entire huiliding trades woouLld hnrwit and. yut meeit that uitonism is a good eald, and prove remains there is beyondlmy common ien.a for
t
a source of Iew homes would be proviled. at all tinsit thle worth of the thiigs in which he couldn t possibly arbitrate anything betw.en
I ilaive if rules for sue, a piu, were drawn you and nil of us believe. employer aid emItplyeei thinking as he does. I
by xpeirt undfier the superviion of tie Inter- This time in lnoUrs causue it is the duity of wonder what capital paid him for thalt viiuir
niaitioiial Officebthe plan could lie nit in in'actiee every iitullr to do hi, share anLd t it well. literature,
with all parties concernled be neftin ])niiit stillIll Iack aLd Let somne ele du y.u.r I rwonder hlow n1any hours a day he works, how
If all A. F. of L. locals were to participate pari, Keep your eyes and ears open; inow what's mIany diy. a week, what salary he receivesl?
in this plan thousands of htiiles ci,ld hIle con- goig onil iotlrlid yoll The a nswte nuLl prhlably be as funiny as the
ltrueted each year, providing .thu.sand
of nitan- Por eliftpil., (or tile last few years capital multi millionaire who iassedi a pilcket line of
hours for practically all brariches of the build- andt iliugh nitnrt lidainced to the tune f nillilinis clerks in front of ia department store and si dr
igs tradeis. of dollars ini pliita. while labor hlas taken the "Disgusting, very disguistlinrt.
It is unlierstood of course that these homes loss of ki atd ILIlIs Yet eaptIt arid mssanuage- The clerks were getting pid flOnil $1200 to
wu"it contiin all the latet electric ippliames. rllit kelp ailliniig labor laws. What ct thefy $16.I0 a eek ibefore the strike
G(reeting to thile officers aild imnliilis o . iiU. expe't froi.lu lhirll ho the ar sirts'i to ite the Tht mniilLi,iaire went to hi, daily task afte
No, 1184, theater. Penrisylvalia. fron the tihf- Smith (irinilly Act only serves to inrealise evil. the titnltmi-nl getting drunk at the local hutel
iers anid il.r.iLers of L. I. Nt, 654. It uw nila ii, fillos: lierlport No.1I;:: his fatherhhid Illft hit the allley -he had
We)ll Ido e renember the birth of I1. No. 'See.. . Ill the eent of ani strike (hr COn- never wr-keld.
1184. the piA.isonl tie public iiittirigs,
holitas. erted failure or refsal o work iurinLig the lINay A. STitING, P. S.
the lay e votini, the grinting ef the charter life of a ellective-lmirgainuiiigFontlact whiih'ii
anid election o foers. inltliesi ia no strike po 1soi thi, mp..ILlr L U. NO. i Ed7.or: I shall Il-
It was evideit then hati L. I. No, 114 would shall be r'livt'd if a.y obligalklri ndler thi GAIRY-IIAMMIONI, vote most if Ihis let-
"rlw and ht a credit to the I. IIt E, W. COlttract. andI tie labor organnzati'on gslall hu'se IND). Iter o ai account of
R(eit'lyi new contiet wias sriilnd b Lb C. its sttiluI as a ,hargininlg igesli 3 for il perio, our bl iilr (a rea
No. lI84 and the Philadelphia Im IEtric to., of one yell Any su.th Iabn, lgarizaint whirh which have iii,. mili.inrg such a goIIl record for
providing for a wage incres.. and aIdjiastluent isa party to the contract mnay he sied sill is own theniselves ai. also enuhaneilg the Ireingoe of
in hours which we hope 0I keep aill U No. naier i ally teerall distridt oliri il, wihidh any L. U. No. 97.
1jI4 slem1tera employed with iproverii living of ilts oficers ,in reside or be ffundi. iiid shall We have tight tains coin poed of Local No.
standardls. be respoisilil iii ariiII ges to any ptrty injured 697 niealorrr this y.eir. We have a si-team
We extend our heat wishes for the growth and as a r.i It of the breach.' league of our own wblch howls every Tuesday
pitrosl rity if L. '. No. II84 aid if they wait to The Simith-Unnillily Act is re.listille for the night at th' illevi[ e alleys, At thi, writing
tal, a keg roine hot sulimlitr . i. idont
l forget fIood ofalleged strike votes"' row tloutiili the here teams art ptrtly lose together in their
to give uL a bua. nation. It is the greatest single cause if strikes. taliding a erage al} anty onre of them cll an still
G. A..i. ISON, P. S. The crazy law altualy provides for ei.ii.lplsory w:i the ]ora51 lhaispi rthllip. The lealing le ,,
strike votes unnter iovern'sirtnl al siileT iuon. now is the J. liviiu,,gston team. id h (:apt. I. IU.
L. U. NO. 666, Idiltr A ffew Sun- The origirini Smith bill propises to ]epeal the Keilman '', u 5aeMurray. our blilirSS
nky''
IIRICIMON D VA. days aso delegates act The crnllnlitee amennlient prlr iti thei re agent. Al (ithAlsn aid "' hikrty Chick' Jacobs
frIlm .. riiius eeeal all peal eeti/n to iectionn, remain
h ut i.r. ew Local No, 6!7 iblso sponsor one Iteaii in the
over the stato of Viirgini ciIre ilnieI rhnioad
in which, if enacted. will have the Ifert of p ra- HammondLh uiirig trades league nitd another
to discuss and plan the organizatiol uf a federa- ticaly ouhtawing the traditional pratice of tean iii the Gary building trades lieague, aid
tion of le1<tricai Workel in thi, state. The inludiit a bit ratioan clauses in (rtld uniion both teain hiapel'i to tie ini first place in their
exact name f this orga-izationI, well I as the agree eints a. a nean s of prtventinig strikis or respoecire leagues against the stiffest ljiipositiotl
ffi¢rs, eflmntitAition. etc.. willy bl deteriiineI l at lockouts during the life of ni,agreejiait. The of the other Inrl. teams,
a iiieting to ie held Mareh 17. penalty clause will resul t in the dri,11piig Of Our Gary }>uilding trades team is eomI.posedlof
The general aim s of this gral p will he the arbitratlini. selitsfroi conitract. . If tils orgurs. Capt. W. Lohnan, George Austin. 'Chuck"
rgaiiization of all Electricln WVorke.rs it the more slrik's and lockouts will fillow. if ei,urse. M]eGinnls, Fred Welter alid rnie YVeage r
state. Ithe education of the workers fr a higher tection : of the bill, asamended by iht .O.i.. Bruther C'oniradl Sehiop is ree erig from
tandllrd AT skill, mtbill. of
ifi faxrbie h'gis- milttee, brui 'its tihe present re-troiiss il tilhe had auto wreck i1juries. Hie ,ub-aine h d a rokea
lati i,, but rot tilh endurshl,4 of political candi use of tieod 'i n 'on ftonn s for po1ite pnil .rpoes. leg
dates. If enactld, Ith Lmtittee Aolei'.i.l.nit will have Brother Foville is still incapacitated.
Among those piesent 'xere [nitailiatioilll Vice Lthe eftor nf ilnriing the trade uinii ila-o On the 'en of January 1 uur No. I
PresidohI Fieentai, Brothl,; Adair, Ad i ,lupon, tisenal plital aer. ]here I,cali eli- little Twenty Fili, YIar i ulb of thL I. 7l. E W., ild
.nd Wiiiiberl, of the intritial, OF>he
a nil rLouh
d.,ikit( hl wi, l I,
b,, r. thI t th thisi, i art i,l llof F, e' ....r filbl,
[hile ... iintte o pr tly lit l w; o vslle enijo'y el LIy ill wAh
Fieleg flroi the followi g li,cals: I. I NI. 80,
i,s bill is iitui...l.. ittit..ol. ere tIshe.l WVe hld a line dirinre of steiaks
\,Norfl; .L I. No. 407. .,nchhlui l I[. No., All, SurIrI, 1'. S, hicken a"d I Ill
6i37. ]lonoke; LI U. N, ,,tiIh u L U. After iillil ilwe hadil asoig resit poiitlitpatrl
Nn. 12 ,oava F'r' l V 17 N1o. , M1O, N etwMprt L II. NO. 686. Fdi, Who is the in y al i .n.ast.e ~I Ou.r
r'ei ,rr,mo it lliies
New; ]I NUI 1½:4, IIlnIn l I
d; i.o. 478, ]qAZLETON, PA.I...ille? Daily, pilbiua- lBrither Jlan,I MatA,,Alminil of l[.ail Nn (it7,
Jar Ill ; ],. II NO. Ii 279, South Iosto... I.
1,U. tbious, ,w((k ulia iho is a past mls.ter in sl uch aff hsi le, d inl nur
N,' It ,Nir
a ,port News. tiens, in rtlhit pliblliatirsi. LiiiM ll Otherlll' i- 0~prnora,,.
Wei are iptleaed to repoiit tlll Broter Willianm catir.l ls . 'oi.. ti tll.l io e tit h . t'riltr i ,)iis men le im.rrvid i arlt eo pd of oss
.
IF iialr k, our for r b ines li igr s and WlIUemi cli mingl he 1,pall it is Ilsg tulih h Stiles., Jack Waligoner,
] unan lnll i..L WitL
beer uiloi nl.. i In the struff of lhe Int .r .fiin nl] strikes, the pubick: is iAsgulsld with ,len rlltes lin.. Knlh. 'I hiey really did .then..lsell priuild
elice ilr', lue to you Pat May ll y..ou anid le 1lltii.l.s, it ietera. ntld heir viioel ut~mr's were grestly aplhaui.ed by
troubles l i tlle ones. antI I lop.(e iii iBI uick It si,.ns 1el? lillyoinoa. ] hen I do lead thste thIe oilinelt
.st 1.In astonishedL l..tetw.
hoFls up+ ,ine fu.. I II i
under the nprt.ss ioln hlht he Our hlaiiiran,. Biroter 'ank Setiler, thIrl
The .i..roneice-training
troginmi is well tlnr pinhlic ia oeiaet to I" the peopl Iif Ith UnhedI callid on Ill of i '. m..'ni pr llsent for ilint alrt
dr, way, with classes diuc t i ile nriear State If Inl ittilr. eslotl re r e tt linni
nh fl-nm each, 'ihih eas also. qh iit intesiillrsig. The
t
fultrie fli( miaijoirity of theo aillpleiilec, hiing eo, il the IlutliT,. Oi d, uf the miii orit. lie dis- ladies present enjoyed the coentairn "try 'ni'1h
ex (i. L's. were sure they'll ie, hbappy nw. iid we her that ouhr clb entertaiiNl'nit cn-I ..
I'oul classis arll being sIa lit to tLki l~are of Ahnintolliiii
w,illiguted
hae cjvItiet.
ItF sTisl'e( This
however,
, forIultitirty
sane it d' IoI
ifrtitt y(il sonic inhne gIld things cokin
iiki ' for
the schoonllg, vith thre teachlrs Iilalvn from thle nlear future.
thLe siimlTblu exact pli grali fli thL s'hoot is in ali Aiiiri'ii lhe tajority utler. l'si'lluratly. 11,B. FELTWFLL, P. S,
ide tll as yet, but is certain L. .. i,,ak far b1etter T
mieenalite of [he bo's etiteritng lin, ier'[e]ieal sthihU
is ers,niloorit
ie.l... of ' thuci i.n.
orI relatives Ioff lte nil
entiloDn, (l]],fStates
i L. C.N.
N. 835, i tfor: 51,y we toake
trade fr m
ow on. Think how w , uhld haee h JACKSON, rENN. this Oioeti tll ity tol
,are either U0 lltin iselers or witt }hiothers, wi~h all ofroaur B~rolhI
beetited if we hadl ad the e oluoriiiitity to get
the theory of electricity while la, ii ng the ilhysiteit ing,,(Ih,
ilijlii~put li~iiiiii
w'rki'rs up for a heltor 'Ilil stand
A Ij"Ilin·
ard er5 of 1, i. No. R 835 Lth .. onlli.rn.Il
.ees'sohs
pract icarl d of it! of i~vitigr3n sisls them a short tinte afflerwa)ul Our htii':,s ageu. Blother J.o iti .hal, Ed
Ew', .. . rkers arre te:..lntin r to l hn
tihi ..f.h. Nichols ant %%' <. ,$tith were delegAs tor the
R, M M. loiirriR P S. If these sarian
pro-unilol menprwere
fur ihe'y s-ly bite
know to that "'The rgih,)ubieiisthe
is
disgusted with.l the rules and regulatti.) the Statee Ilecti neul W kers onvenllnn Nash
hi
, Il. N O. 667, Rd/fo, [his atomici
IMdo)'i,:$ This atomic forin of ay' tiffs, the eendlitio,,s eif wo~rk aimid itle, Tennesi. Ihe lth and 1]tli 'I Foeh.ru.ar.'y.
PUEIBILO, COLO. hssage imina ement wages Fhit ,i~ln-tiiAn Iniuyrs enforce,'" they Mlany ilnlporinut tnllgs were brought tIp at this
-
pouring ill the in- woiul, li orrtt fr the ywtlys, li suceeesful ''eit blg.
giedloits, Lie indii aid press is stiming the nsof the liajnr(ly uli Ilhirg rilinoiily rti'ttiire- This i, eletior yiar for Loes] No,. II $. 'T'he
conflagration,ll the public staIlnds y will tihle fuse meaits and 3uiiiiing itniotis to chanlge these enn- meeling of J..IIn 7 will Ie in minatiuiii night,. a it
as lakior
... iareiies on with the flnrhiiiw tore.h. Friday right. Jiune 21, wiM be dee l ion night
We of organized labor must form a solid wall I wItS inusjhi'oei to write these few crude enc- We want Lo t1i,!'a ill Tar Brothers o lie pes-
around ilour liders, and reinl,,r'iiIi our loyalty tences after reading anl artitec by Mcrlyn 8. ent. This eletion will be for offIers for the
to our orgaiiation is lelsuvetd by our at- Pitfel in the March issue of A ,ercrarl Alaga- iext two years.
endlanee to its meettlngs anI the surppori we Lnt. I hop,e I taTl seeare an extra eupy of oUr There is no iu..ch going on around here.
give, lit miers. Talk union. It is Bile to prove JOUR.AL. should fhey print thin article of mine, There are a good aniny of our boys on the bench.
156 The Journal of ELECTRICAL WOAKERS and Operators
Since, there i a lot of building going on we are Wa all hope that uignlng of this new aoe- slw i)ut sure here in the [win Cities Quite a
hoping things will pick up. The TVA is doing tract wLith the crheijpllnas will forther the good nun.ber of the ll others have hi rigs ithie on th
quilt a bit of wuok here now. They are building wil nLi ueIllerlstandi ib,tweeli the o(11ilu)alieS air already and the rest of is who play adeio as
one 110-kyn line from Marcia to lnpbhis. Also and their eCnllluyeet' is no i 'elriaet is worth well as work are getting the old itch
.adle
in and arouiid JuakIon they are building a lot of Lihe written
,Ippr if thre oli'lrnots alt nnt more and more aI tille oe along. Ineidendally,
44-kva lines and there is some
I sohtation work. plreu'lnit or. oth sids,. .may . he i excuse for getting R. F. ilto
there
We have qnite a few ialhlsitrs working on these I (lkthat ,wri"ter eau saite that thin has
he.i the phlus and power lines, FIreddy, but when
jobs. been carrid out thrughout the whole ilegotis- it gels in to grandFaa's arch supports-then it's
This is about all of intefrst here. We would tlan pmeiod. --the end.
apipeciate hearing from other secretaries. So exenll.i.ig beat wishes for continued mcu- E. C. KUNZb, P. S.
iere aIre a few rules fr a good uniion metnberl Cees to the JdiItNAL. and its readers a d all
A union man will .. locals of thile I.B. L. w. L. U. NO. 1383, Edilor: After our
1. Always tarry a arld. 0. M. SIN..L.I, P. S. BAITIMOIRE, MD. first article in the
2. Respect his obligation. February issue was
3. Honor his oath. L. I. NO. 1216. Edifo: linalilly we read ly all the niembers, including the press
4. Reuogniize his steward. MINNEAPOLIS- hor, il the Twin secretary.- / do like to sIrnipe ma con cooking.
B. Ielp his buddy. ST. PAUL, MINN. it js arl beinning I'I contented to have satisfied the membership
6. Attend his local's ueeting. ilteojs aretilh ueI f so here I Iam carrying o as per Illy duty. As I
7. Obey the laws. oenlal 'warll" w which afterI a ong
eather have mention.ed Fefor we are surely making
8. Boost his comniunity. winte. in Minnesota means a thermometer
progress in our great endeavor to pruniote
9. Ask for the union lablt, and realing in th ti iie, w dourinag the day and an brotherly feeling among the mnembership, but
10. Always romethie hle is an Ameriean. endless lilau u of slippery trlcrt,, at ni iht. Bad su.lhiow we cannot do muth if most of the
J. W. OOIIWIN, P. S. as the winter haIl ben, the rer.'drs show that irnther dn't attend all the meetillngs,. While we
arl neetiags in a schoolhous nolth of the rities are ioterited l with the meeting attendance we
L. U. NO. 981, Kitr: I.oal No. but euidistant to iIhe dOow twn, seetions have certainly would like to see the hall full anti
LANCASTER, OlIO HBI418is happy tu re- abeenhelIIr Ianlted
' than meelings held in packUd, go as to let all the Brothers see. her,
port the Ohio Power either of the cities regarrdles of thile tact that and voie their opinions about our activities.
(Co., (Southern Drivimu) has hls orgal'nised into the nlily uv.iluble mallns of getting to the place and also to suggest a few tieas of on]structive
Local B-981 arid we now have a very line con- Is by autlomobile. nature. At o..r last two meetings this past month
tract for the lirst one, along with a ilee pay A. ia e a ie',ntL refrentudm, L. U. NO.
ffiult verytihiru wnt like clockwork and we can re-
increase. The men get six holiulya with pay 1216 is now affliatedli with the St. Paul Tradles port progress.
each year along with two weeks' vacation with and Labor Assnluly landthe illineapolis (en- As for the Interntional convention, our
pay. Shift operators get differential pay for the trol liabor lniu,. This local sends two loie9gabe Brothers who are going as delegates are Walter
two night shieft. The hourly mnn get tinm-and- to each neeting of the two ahove-nllentonl ltlss~ our business agelt; Robert L. Walters,
one-half all overtime to midnight and Saturdays badle,.The rep.or.ts of these dellgatos gveC at our recording secletary, andi George Spencr,
and double tlme frli midnight to starting time our regular aetinogs indieate that these cintril chirlan of our executive board. We hope said
and on Sundays nd holidays. bodliia will be a gl'It hlji In proYlviiig this delegates will fiae heed of all the proceedinigs
The union is thanking the local committee and local with proedIural and legal advice. t is an alni give us a vye ' avorable report upon their
internadional Representative Ira Braewell for oppoltunity for Ius t get an ,vrrall ... JLIIur retltll I. S.. lUi [or. that.
his help in securing this contract. of ie labor sitatiuin in the Twil (Cities hy ob- Now for our PlFhky Ftashes. We have among
We are happy to report that all our servile ervilng the organization, the methods., and the us a Brother who will be retired as of February
men have returned home and we wish thern all preellents establisohel by solie of the larger 2B, 1046. Inasmuch as the said Brother has
ucces... in finding wnrk. unions hore. served as U. S. Coast a0arld clvi[an ulllYloyce
HOMER PIrrY, P. S. D)uring the past few months our finanial see- for almost 20 yeare, and has the esteemed
retary has been attempting to eliminate some honor of heinri the tirat electrician to be retired
L. U. NO. 1039, I: I. . No. of the unneceary rod tape which ha glel by the Civil Service in the oast CGuard Yard, at
HULL. QUE. Bb021 'rake its wirualu iii, in Ivery timeth ldue. ,tart coiing Curtla Bay, Maryland. we, an fallow workers
turn to the pages of in. is one-man campaign asked only that the send the Brother our he rtfelt felicitation. Due
the JOUgNAL after a long absence and eelebiatee BIothels save thelnmlses a lot of trimUble by to the fact the Brother shuns publicity he has
the event by announacing that oallr local hits now paying quarterly rather than monathly So fat asked me to refrain from mentioning his name,
signed a new contract with the eolpanies sn. he ha, beena 5 per enal successful in that cam- sl I rian hii his lequest.
cerned on lFebruary 1 after 17 months of Llogo- pailg. What some of uas Ion't understand is why Brother Nathan Schrotov, of Local Union No.
tialiuns with the War Labor Board and the the other Ii pi ren" t don't get on the ball and 3, wishes to be rememb.ered to all the Brothers,
Iompanies. adopt hese newa methods and save wear and as he is stillworking for Uncle Sam in the U. S.
The new colntract embodles a five-(enuts-an- tear On the Heivuus systerm. Coast (uarI outfit and hopes to be discharged in
hour increase to all enlioyees, aexept elee- In a recent issue of flrotldel'atii it wios stated the very near future. T'is writer became
trlcians ard mlechanics, and briags out in same that ui..II local instructed the technilianes at acquainted with hin. while working aboard the
cases better working conditions,. The War labor WiOI, not to feud ia ertain loc.ally rigiatinael ship he is Iln. This is all for now. Hope to write
Board in its decision excluded the abve-uelan- show to the North Central Broadcasting System again for the next issue.
tioted etploy ce aLtr raviewillg wage rlats l,eausae tlhse technliancs were not getLiaig uall- EtnEN SEARS, P. S.
and classifications of uther [istrilts ill the samue wlirk Y, flry doing the work. That articl was
class of work. Although this was not entirely erroneous beause ,, i U. No. 121( did not issu
satisfactory to the local, it was finally decided such an rdler nor did the technlcians at WLOIL DEATH CLAIMS FOR FEBRUARY, 1946
by a majority vote that we aeipt this de. rofuts to feed Lhat or Iany other show riilant- L U. u, a Num Atmrout
cision as final. ing at their studins or through their faciities 7; . II . Iaaawuuo$i
The gathering of this data for the new con- A tour of the 'anul A, Shmitt Music Coni- ?I17
1141 IT. t, . Iioiertu+
q. i.. .... , u ,.nnoll
ifLieSSluu
tract entailed a considerabie auro ant or work paty's lew reo thing studios proved interesting
for our local oi.crI in the pias 17 months and to your eorrespillldentt. Eaeially of int.erest so Ato. M OMIiu l~fheo1o
I think I can speak for the ilunhers as a whole was the new [l.ly-cyliidrlria.i sLuirli,. l']hl, cylin- L14 0, I.B polur.. .00.00
and vote tile executives a hearty vote of thanks ders are constructed of gum wood and are ¾. itas S.
400 T. 'A ^Hn]Ms .. ......... ..
for their earnest efforts in our behalf. mtuented horizontally on the sides of the studio 04 C'ho T,
..
"I', 1 001 ~
It is the writer's ulIleristaliding that the cor- nldl e rtiellvy on the ends. There are II two I Si II1 'Phot bMy
I. flls*
A
A. ('i"nas
%Vr~rll
lOaJl
uhu10~ .
t1.looo . ]ll 'I.ee
panies are inakiin atpplicttion to the iribor tylinders of equal radfiu and that, slong with :'3 L C"'"""a Dw L oI
Board to incrlease the wages of the lectritiJns the aurnding board effcbt given by the guma
and seine of the manhailc to leel, the wagts in woold Sulifalcs, diffVss thile suiil suIlIielltly to 1.(.t4 IjAr ,l
" ]1 I;'.,
A.
11 W~lsa.s,alu I ,e e . iJl)l
,0e onh
better proportion to other classitiaitions of the yive that stui the.ound qIualities of a ,ueh
same type of work. The local could be credited larger one. Only tboul 0 lIy l10 IouL,
his silio 427""" F' ii.] .
indirectly for this benefit. will afford a inc pickup of even a 15 piece I' V84)N . lThe.d
G(
x4, F J',, (e0 lit,.1(0 :*A
The increase of five cents all hour has een orchestra.
made retroactive from April I, 945, and chelleks The bIoys at WCCO had one of tih liggst andti
for these back wager are expoetti someutimle dur moaot nthuiltiel geto-(gotlholr illn yarl' at I. 0 (5 01 I Loe.... . I7 ...
ing the mlonth of March. dinaer given ill honoer of bugh Me(arlney whu
During this period of time when negotintions recently resigned a thief cIgineer a-ft.,r aore ii It i. TellOse a
61.1 Wfl. V 11 h 1,020011
were hleng carried on several chaners in ofleers than two dus'anrs ia that poition. ie was
nrniirred due toIromnotions, rmeRi]nations fo i presented with a diraftsnan's table whickh
the rompmalcs and othel unforeseenl eiltcul- should Ie of use to hiln ill his IIow busissll. f55 ANKI ,0.
12W ¥ NV, S"Iadn I, 01"
stances over which there was no control. To men- the 'IHiole Owner's Seriice." Frsrrl n , (100
tion the iallnes of thile diffrentat cha,,es in officers BLrother Judd Trimmer of WDGY comes
during the past year and a half is not -onsideled th rough thelast miiute with news that he is 58iJ I). Ijursva . 47.5.00
necessary as all our own mmbters are famliar now the papa of one very youag nale junior [. O r t J . til .V~l~gr 1.000,0

with these changes. But it is sufficient to say oIperator. The cigars aie outat te transmititer, l0a1 A J Ie lnr . .eo0.oe
that they all did their part while they Nere in C (]ae} 0. A 5Tiebnci. . 1e.o00
boys; make youirselvea tol hone.
oice, The ham radio game seems to he opening up .i¥. Mad......
 APRIL, 1946 15!

131U Amolmt the character ande motiges of ofppo.hm eaoerm* hide their faces when jurisictfion is mentioed.
98I peraries all iu ahn outright effort C. gain a On the ldtrarey. they a.r entited
t ,o hold their
4~ 111. le( Creater hare o[I Loemeohneg they hIla Ill part in heads high ilt ide, and Iloht oIL oy t aot, l
ertatl'g. plishmenti, superior to MIt others, ill aniicingu
L.ar t,ll Even in h iers maie ria l but hearLI thrilhlnJ ,h. t wenty f he itetuman raeP duI this die-
W IL..ILI.I realnl If amour, compehtition folr favors leds spite the oldniprsen~ niJ illearble he ril'ga
eallt into excsse aIld ,txtrgem diileemltles o a of campetit/re jealousy which for want of I
:ix joridl dhLiona.) l a~ull, ganemtily ke ,.. a, the Ideedescriptive itle. we .al jurisdiction.
3z~ IL "I'll
"eternal~~I' d tifng...e.... Iften dill i tragedy,
Ma~ L·II· I1. iiih pingof
lfeii i itself jurisdictional in
JT,* I II I ;'LL, '"' %.MERle A N IABOR
that th, humnan ield5 ig rec'llimetd hyytl earilh LCoellinuedifltem page 1N)
b.9 Kq y ............ L froml, 'ken.. ii IIiiatlLed. Ho~e,, el, .11 11.4,* x~
[i J l l .... L.len...e, ~
134 There is, of course.L,. gel LI,..keies[
s ys< m un- fil 1]le Ui7.ed Sta.es ~haa it e.er
hadI known
L.il, I I der which jurii~diaetion eb-ife is pratcll y Il- threL wer e between 20 fld 30alillinwllwr,,keir
.XIls ihe redy uIe d, hho wlet. is quite ,,illunorganized,
daie, li 'd eon fore
al* he deisen f h. 31an! of the uron, inhmtitlLted edlleatlntla
to a'djudedl offeed LI
'hie
en eoverlLlellLtaIt Yl te progasfo
itheil re ier arid also p~ided
.III ba sed .pon th
arely colll & suspension
o.fth· .o....mpetitie lift*, ande hasI h. n identified too. bLuilh up isilurane andl I lls.lll ·A unix, for
I ··,IL [) illany tiles, the most rael f wich ha.e the onelfl oftheir members, hnd in. enral Irijed
....... blhe "auLthiriilaian"i L "olliblailll and to improve the lot otile- , wrkeLlb All hrilou h the
J H lbq( ;I·· Ill
co.nnected uiLh ¥ trious otrties deldb the, name thirlies, the unlielln grL, ehdIIly 'Alur-ld Wil
"I'Ll el
OL eomemunsn.L [aaeim or [lalrnI, if thee, it- 11 br.ke oau in el'urol,l and illel~th"lhogan to
oations
au/r/¥ ~ h is eied yI smlld hutpoer arml, thle unonwereL redy to dfiair Iltlt! a
ili ful caterer and somIlon inel ilidaal is arhi- Whehn we were atti.:ked
ar Ii Pa h
.l6e
L6{1,0 .0
0 December 7, 1941, andI II II-el,
ihonrig~i illil
tIaril 3 lesialidhed ils all anslLaflld, IdesplTh
type oll ,nd7, IIpper
to s hi, oreverethan the niLsL if thile g'Iial(8i wlar irl }lisoy Al,,iie,
Jd-m
Ill hIu~ the &llI1s., Ilean ]alIn ralided inltantil A, il of ... C, (. 0..
Ne, The facl niilioills they fillm etnepi r.1,on to th. the RIL ad ]Brother..s .. au hll thers-*derkeri
dust eF death, life and jeriedicliee areII thi0 ld tlogther te accom
.plish Ile ,ratest affadle of
Lg.,,
1 oU
1 the, Ill" thibg. poductell theI ,ol hIIa e'er Lldsleen r , ,ve
]~
SoL despite the p>... ]llr faiiue 7 that labor Up its greatest ;liiiILme the ,tlike-, so that I .oh
LO' LU I, Llo
',y, Lill
LI~I. · organizations are wholly aInd solely renihr e ing oulld hold uLpthe mendlu pire predtlLion of
4~: i.IllL I, for juriedci oai ttrife, it lUUxi be clearto alI shipl aled tanks and, p]alla e l]I arll
eltlilio.. L.iter
iler the Cita11.ly I, it lle, In other word, hlabor p-Loueout 'If uilr fetur1L anl indto0 tlhe hal/dS
H,I ~mb~~am..... o' our mi-,Alions of men fightiig. the w1r Lagainst
organizionew, hrattha. bfiku the Lilse,
I;~Dnnd·
L~,,,,y theeff eel
t of inisdicthiLL. fascism oi 11a frlies,
LO I: L i I I;IIcl
~om...... Li~aoio0 Thid then, ix truth inamn*eand "There i, Donald Nelson, chairlsh,o f the W., Prucld-
~q.,,, ,I , , 171?II l nothingIL spowerful its tluth- often, nothing so tion Board, ill L11boolet issued deuring the war,
~7~7~ II I I IIm
R Dr I·"e·dl ~...... had this to say about the, w01ker(1.:
" yh
r~~~~~~~l
~4RJ
p L
L
~
J'
"omh
I ]LWi,,me
D R~,a,,
M~~~~I,,ab
,~,
......
···
I.ILII111)
ILa 6O rle situtlion, howevrn, is noht ,ntlrinly wit h - "Americang Iao..r
h. r epsrled
c quietly, on.
Wdtmm· H ~Hm ·· Luslio
I'llIe as
oLut hope, labo.r
ur anization, andb pnrtleulrly thbu~slesealy nld virtually uehlnelyiiiy tO the
214 the A ...r in Fed-leration of abI.or, while it has eaunero's uiar needs.
L' .; LI Lrk · I··L.·
LI
~
....... lhie, ad yesnll(, ho... Lo completely eeream0 "Within a fe,, inhutries aite-r the first Japanese
,t ,: h m ~.. I'le "I jur ildietional., ¢elrvey, bes ellaacel[ to a bomebs fell en,Plarl
[[arbor all De,,eelne 7, dt*
I (L far hihr lideree of ul-lfeMinting of this basic leaders of lalmir began
.I fl0inK Washingion with
l0SeA~i f.,teee in huaeien
L"'llI rla41tions thaLn ally uther or- offers of help in prLseutirlg the eo nLlet thai
7~4
Lae~ ganizat/on in tile history he thii had been thrust upon ye.
Io ,world of ours, 'Tell nliibiin uaioll. l.e...ir through
.. the
C o LletImn~....... With -suh teinde,11.1reing of the pr,lhlem an American, Fed..eration oif ILaor and the Coi-
'· ILL"
IO iLin, 00n etrnleIlIy high leghre of e. oop1erallon has beeg gross. {f industrial Orglnizatiolls, i.. nlediatel>
IO I,LL,
DauI, ...... ori~0
o0 achieved by +hhh (eltal lilte, .t endeari announced [ollgal Iupperi og
the wr effot ind
have hen
I diMdled by f,,ncth, eirld within thoL. t
thereafter Jl ulid i ao
ap ledge
r "'ri t all
lines
. t.. morte him, It)() sipratde organixtioas strikes and lother quppages h ii.eh 1light i .. imede
i~Lam,elo whiLh c.ri...seP he ,federation, .rtia
r..res llm
oe the llductio.. oef *:lr mgunitions andi ...l....rias..
Lrm~ il
1.1· 6o eight d y... wnkers, together with thnj tin- "'Preside~nt YWilltn Gree If till, A, F. of I
I l I,.m,o ...... meiIIa filies... aceounin ,rlr .. l.l.i..a g errr smed ... o fliedisi 'If i t e elo han ]treliiiatld ire
LmW~ ,)0 s l p lng ternsLillala aIeuIIII ill munL ill WILKash lngo .11
,I. IIn 30 lulifn
III,LL~ P ill that I Mi teu Sitat
"l. ale
10 lduntaIlyaglee'd .Io{qIllfill Ihlrperations~
ei Lo Deemyber ii, a:in hi, nilig lI.,oIher ith Lhl
G, L LI
,
I U ~....... \se iue
Lqra~~a} that tile lnany an'd b.ivelge lriiies Italy IL. o... A. ILLuf L's F~e.Lii,,Li ,mrllill reeffirmeh~yilt,
lel I i to the prineiple, Lnde rli olur (ioiyerllel.lh'
Lear~9
I Le ~ iI
1La~h.
.... and pietiltd 'to the Piroylidb ,, ilL o (n....r....
e
I ( .1
Lma~ 6O and to the pDole, undmivided slppert for th, must
~7~rm Yig~lorouI atit rigorousl pros....IUt...I llef thils ar
hope, l rlaLntam t ,hose lines ....
slutlby inviolate
L~6 oe anIy morethan eree thoel jurixdiethiona ho0*ll.i until feel vletory is euis.'
tIes, ill,the fiarden ol~dell 'rI Lak ee {if "The A. F If I lodareal th piede it made
7Ii L:a~
a~ Uieh "ildla-iIll1e DS nlaY oLur, aflflilte' o the in the firt W Wer
a,,],]'thatL eere stoppage, of
Amora,al ifedLrLhl ... o.f La.t.e haIe ach ho.nhd yLr es,,.e0.J ,, addhquote..a...o~ea def',.l e. be
&6"~
o
thletaaches to abide.
h y the findin gs of LI jhi-ur aoiut,,Lled ad .. a..red.'"
dbieu"LAl "'enlr( m.II.d
.. f ree...lnarI of their And the rlni.e....s of Atler~l1 were lahg
or · not
~f,9 own ;hojee While this fur[ has nut upeL4,ld 10, idle t wrsroe r od. einh
ights ul.
fee czlt perelet, it hili Loftlaeden
l th ...
npet dretiin iedof TI'llJr { s .h..nl
.. ll, ul-g(d 24
oIf j.,brralefbin to a erahh' ]eL- r ee .nd hy i.em- hIl.r de,, 1 da,.. pyredm*,lnoh l b
They eked
rill
poIlike in hllrd work hill{ I...l.. .heac e ,dl log9 1ors 4S 51 60 . .eek. They lIrLL
prolross tu the lar..as.o I. f people, ,Ye 8i- their "eertine .r....
I sellbb'd l one pr,"jct dicateo'd bo the bott".- And hiw fi
the) raet taefld! Ilagrding the
inllept Nlld ehiua~11of huilacn I*Hm 'r. stepped-up defelnne prodsltifn Lf Je4ll r, IIIO per
)I~emhIIII ef the Arno,,pie..l. t,ed,r IL /o..L f JLer eent. b, 19414 Al...leienworer ha~d im!h
JURISDICTI ON in eel .... Ind
,,[ ll~ rmtioll,
hlH tlr othIrhoodl 0..at productkin.'1 BpIII.I te aroignlaty
.... 5 pr
(.../ll.itld .r..l. paI'L I'll of lltreiri '.ker s LeI.e
in par tieiwLl, nht cent.
of seemi
a l I in I... .r IaILL [ Ih, "riesI f ju'rrsLe- There were a fe.Lkxil{eal strike,, Theu ,~le
tionalI ar~ unll~ TI the
IIerIIit' if cmlpetitive la edli up iql thl, eneu papeI . iii i]]1 they ,eIre
filed(Is,, rL~re ,...eosD
isa ld slzndrv eihe, lyorth. And yLI Gl(,verllalll sltallit I II.ee thalt
neees..t.o., a
eral
lld nedhl neiiities. of life ill gen- NOTICE labl
Iafeet.
n or'strirc, ie, asd 99.9et I.,,r ,et
Plbers,, howeIe.. ... h, neglt 'ilif~hetn an*] rio WANTED- tcl,phmle rabe sp.licers. I~s An... .hIa,, WLLul r, ur I all that e,,us Lull-
pie'rshi lemonsfralitoe .f jurLidilei~,lm sirtire PIeaseapply to Guy alii,busi e,,,,ly. Our, dodieL rsl, ,alr al] ..L~ll,"e fouight
LeamfIIheil~l'l
all Jnhi p heessiina
plitie
i nlanaIIetIL. U. Ni. It-723. 1815 Oak- I eldy and we ,II.. the arI,
ete~a of a natilol 1II i1his sratnum of iumanilnry ]nd. Forlt Wte,, Nid. Now we erlne I., a nle, 'll-the Tn..L.a,pe-
nllthiel in, the r ftllre
ofreal weaedh is proued. riHuh Whither labor? Thereis a, light lilag ar
1fter wlsl oliWy epllet p'rloponents of jllsdile
GUY HALL, 1. A1,,
L. U. No, B-728. betwee.n la]or 111dInanlrel llLe"l iB ...lily eeruyi
tLon heenmihlff eoler k, with tempeer and desire, elty and town in our coulntry , o Lahor rIe
thrusting viciou;ly wieh breetd invetives inLL members the dep r.si ... thia[ f"oilt...ed Ch, first
152
World War. It remembers the vicious drive for
the open shop waged by employers. It remem-
bers how unions were smashed, how hours in-
creased and wages went lown. It is fighting to
hold what it has gained through years of hard-
ship and sacrifice.
At least the labor niloerient no longer has to
fight for the right to exist, Its importance as a
force in our country is recognized universally.
Some day another chaptel will be added to this
little history of the labor mnovenet in America.
God grant it will be a story of strength and
triumph, a tale of better jobs and better living
onnditlons for all.
BIRD'S EYE VIEW OF TVA
(Continued fom page 131)
from low grade rocks. This was developed
in the line of research for investigating and
improving plant foods, but it eventually
proved advantageous to the War Depart-
ment in facilitating the supply of great
amounts of elemental phosphorus for mili-
tary use.
Other work with chemicals has resulted
in advancing the field of fertilizer produc-
tion which is of great significance not only
for the people of the Tennessee Valley
where many of the discoveries are proved,
but for the country at large since TVA ofli-
eials, after study and experimentation as-
sert that, for one thing, "Greatly increased
use of mineral fertilizers, particularly phos-
phates, is essential to the future security of
the American people and the nation's soils
need two to three times as much phosphate
as is now produced."
Since more than half of the total area of
the Tennessee Valley is forest land, foresta-
tion is and should be a matter of concern
for the people who live there and the TVA.
It is a great source of income, which prop-
erly managed could be two or three times
as profitable as it is now to those deriving
revenue from forest products.
Scientific demonstrations developed by the
TVA are conducted in 78 valley counties.
The profitablehess of the lessons taught by
trained foresters has not only appealed to
the small land owner and farmer, but also
to the companies and individuals holding
large tracts of timberland. Now more than
85,500 acres of large and small tracts are
included in demonstrations of sientific for-
estry practices. Research in economical
wood utillation is carried out by the TVA
and the forest service, and efforts to further
fire prevention and control are unremit-
ting.
As will be readily agreed, industrial develop-
ment in the Tennessee Valley could hardly have
progressed (luring the last year of the war and
dhe most conspicuous achievement that could
possibly be classed in the category of a new in-
dustrial undertaking is the production of the
atom bomb to which the huge plant at Oak
Ridge, Tennessee, made such a substantial con-
tribution.
Endeavoring to increase krnowledge on re-
source development possiilities of the Tennessee
Valley, scientists under the direction of the
TVA have made aodvanes in several interesting
ani usrrul ways in miany ifferent directions.
It is quite possible that a magnesium plant will
be lilt to redue the metal from olivine rock
found in abundance in inthevalley. Its practica.
bility was proved by the plant at Musle Shoal,
so far as the process is concerned and economic-
ally by other analysts.
Prefabricated houing was experinented on
and TVYA was instrumental in helping to provide
for thousands of war ihousing utits both here,
and in England, where they have been used for
rehabilitation, erleritnents in food preservation
by freezing have proved of vale to the farmers
and also a study of preservation of frutits and
The Jouraal of ELECTRICAL WORKERS and Operators
vegetables with sulphur dioxide has been made
which should aid the planters to realize a maxi-
mum of benefit from their more liversified farm
products. Even the subject of freight rates has
been explored by TVA staff members and a re-
port was presented to Congress recommending
reduring thi disparity that existsbetween the
North and East and the South and West.
All these seendIglyiu related activities of the
TVA lit into a harmonious plan that is under-
taken to allow the people who live within its
sphere of inifluence to profit to the fullest extent
from the endowments native to tihem. They
coIme perceptibly to play in the effect they have
upon the farmers who are convinced of the bene-
fits to be derived from cooperating with the
TVA. Each year the productivity of the land is
increasedi trolgh changed farting methods.
Large amounts of fertilizers are used in a man-
ner that is prescribed by the representatives of
thetheautority who ary n an educational
program. Different crops are planted and the
corn-rott, spi ciaiizalion wihich was formerly
characteristic of that region has been supplanted
by legumes, hey, livestock. wheat and vegetables.
These lend to supply the farmers with better
crops andi at the same time build up the depleted
soil adllmaitain the fertility of good land. For
more than a decade the TVA has been persuad-
ing the peole to abandon thei traditionalI ways
that have failed to provide adequate standards
of living, ani work with one another and the
authority to improve themselves, attacking their
problenis from all angles and inventing ways
to accomplish those things for which there were
no know, means.
This reviewer wonders why the report does not
say more about labor relations. Of interest to
Electrical Workers is the program set up by the
TVA to alleviate the man-power shortage in the
power operation field. By the middle of 19415, 260
persons were taking training to become power
operators. Apprentice training ha s been carried
on for nine years and 430 journeymen have
been ertified in that time.
Safety provisions are strictly maintained by
the TVA and the accident frequellncy for 945
was 10.6 lost tlie accidents per million man
hours. These and other statistics on accidents
compare favoraly with those of electric utility
operations in other parts of the United States.
Numerous phases of safety nid healtih of the
employees are subject to study atn work, so that
those who serve the TVA are as highly consid-
ered as those whom the TVA was reate d to
Serve.
AMERICA FAID HEAVY P'RI(E
(Continued from page 130)
includes 29 bureau projects affecting the
Missouri River basin. Other plans that will
be executed soon involve the Columbia basin
project in Washington State and the Central
Valley project in California.
In the Missouri basin development, the
Corps of Engineers will be largely respons.i-
ble for the flood control and navigation
projects while the Bureau of Reclamation,
working closely with other agencies of the
Department of Interior, will construct proj-
ects for irrigation and power development.
Each has been appropriated $200,000,000 to
carry out the initial phases of the program.
The area involved is approximately one-
sixth of the United States, stretching from
the eastern slope of the Rockies in Montana
from where the 2,500-mile-iong Missouri
starts, to where it empties into the Missis-
sippi near St. Louis. The development pro-
gram will involve the construction of mure
than 100 dams to create storage reservoirs.
More than 150 major and subidiary units
for irrigation are contemplated in the seven
arid and seii-arid states of the basin, sup-
plying with water 4,760,000 acres of dry
land never before irrigated. Hydroelectric
plants with a capacity of 789.750 kilowatts
and a power transmission grid are included,
allowing an estimated annual output of
power plants approximating four and one-
half million kilowatt-hours. The $200,000,000
authorized by Congress will be used on 29
units and a power transmission grid, gen-
erating power of 321,000 kilowatts. Of these
29, 11 are planned to come under construc-
tion by the new fiscal year. The Federal
Inter-Agency River Basin Committee has
set up a subcommittee called the Missouri
Basin Inter-Agency Committee with repre-
sentatives from the Departments of the In-
terior, War, Agriculture, and the Federal
Power Commission, together with four
governors from among the 10 states repre-
sented in the Missouri basin area.
The territory in which the Bureau of
Reclamation has irrigation and power serv-
ices takes in about 5,000,000 people and the
total investment of the Government in proj
eets built and under construction is $952,-
893,000. The installed capacity of the bureau
is 2,439,300 kilowatts produced by 31 hydro-
electric plants. Since 1941 the capacity of
the plants has increased nearly a million and
a half kilowatts, a gain of nearly 65 per
cent. During the year 1945 the bureau in-
vested $31,122,922 in its projects.
The seven regional offices of the bureau,
set up as a decentralization measure, are
located at (1) Boise, Idaho (2) Sacramento,
California (3) Boulder City, Nevada (4)
Salt Lake City, Utah (5) Amarillo, Texas
(6) Billings, Montana (7) Deiver, Colo-
rado. These are located in the major water-
sheds of the western states presumably with
authority to act swiftly and surely in close
collaboration with state, local interests, and
other affected Government agencies.
The division of power in the Depart-
ment of the Interior is concerned with mar-
keting the power of the great hydro-
electric producers. As of June 30, 1945, the
total installed capacity of the plants in-
volved was 3,107,300 kilowatts with a total
generation during this fiscal year of 18
billion kilowatt-hours, more than five times
that produced under the jurisdiction of the,
department in 1940. By the Flood Control
and River and Harbor Acts, the division was
relegated the responsibility of disposing of
the power that is generated at the dams con-
structed by the Corps of Engineers. which
will eventually be more than 7,200,000 kilo-
watts.
The division's work is to supervise and eO-
ordinate the power activities of the department.
Public power policy directs that the benefits of
Federal power developments shall not be mnaop
olized by limited groups, but shall be widely
distributed so that the power shall develop the
industry and agriculture of the nation, and
libhten the burden of the domesit consumer.
The laws authorizing the distribution of power
give preference to public bodies ani cooperatives.
The three mjoir power agencies of the depart
ment are the Bonneville Power Administration,
the Bureau of Reirmation, and the Southwest-
ern Power Administration. Their
treo revenue
for the last year was $45,500,000 for 17,:00,000.-
000 kilowatthours sold.
Thm Bonneville Power Administration mar-
kets the hyd.roeletrie power or the Columbia
River. To expedite theof te
use available
snltpIy of power, since as much as 50 per ent of
the power capacity may become available for
remarketing now that the war inlduttHes are not
operating at high speed, the administration is
working hard to institute a program of mar-
ket and system devetipmnent. Two important re-
ports that have been niad already in eonnec-
tion wiih this, deal with the possibilities of
developing plastic industries ill the Pacific
northwest, and the feasibility of electrifying the
APRIL, 1946 lid

rmilroads there 'Ih'l. res.ilrb sthilt of the project (i) Joint manag.ment-labor eommitteea on op
is aidid by the work. of cxpeirt in the miaor prnlticeship be ecegnizerl by the Veterans' Ad-
edueationai i. s iitiotls of Oresoln, Wshl gtori.
Montana arnd Iriaho. ColleRes
inl those states have been makilig xErlimr leu
partieularly to hWelp advance pIrog]aliIs to
nltil tnioersai[it]

.take
ministration asI the accredited agelncles ill tIrin-
ins veterans;
phaail
the nlion .-
and (2) the so-called Oklahoma
e approved as a pattern for all states of
mllY" NASUS ,M
Leletrical hiuese-heating practicii aim[ to iil At the request of the o ml llltee,, Mr. Hedres
crease the L elireic v auid mode, of the urn of nlinilliiaillid fohllwr-up ontacts with the Vet
electricity ilI thle ftrms. crans' Adinintratiop with thie eLd result that
On May 2,. I45, a lair-munnagenlrit agree (Grtirl Bradlefy accepted the reominen.datioiis
ment provlinrg Cor a methodi. o. eIlleetir bar of the oIIniIIitteiI with one aiirhai iIttil il itenl
gaiaing with hourly anllloiyes ot the .ul.e..ille 2 lhich is., however, not prejudiciial.
Power Adiiisttton ill aidthe tLlIke craft Genral Brliniley iihs itated thifL oint apmlrrn-
nions wea sitgd'dL. This allows joint .L.i.rni
nal- ishlrp commi.iiittees will be recognized as quail-
tiiu of faill la reiaorla h rates oCf py, halur tifed a.." eIuiippejd ItI rouia apprentice training
antI vJork~nn e&}iiht~ii~i1; appln t kan itti { raid to ui an ider
.et
.. Puilic Laws 3jt; anid I6 lie
prormotions on a nmeri l.i..; the prtmh th,,in of ,ill issue aLi initrue oa to lll ailld rilts a£
ta bility of eiflll pliyl unt ( U r·lhl o1 ,tililbthe Veterans Adrministration which will author-
saLisfactory tIrIuL e;p roniIt aldjbs liinllet of aill ie Ihhim to accept the ejlollillment if vIeteran
rldiputes whether or nt
lageemnient; ani
they aniis uldEr thell with jitiit
iher matters that ar, d4esignid
plrrentieship
hiive ii-en appearoved by the appropri
commnittees which mICE
ate state
to advance the welfare of th. worlkerl nili tile apeney.
ffaient operatiorkif tihem lianiinimtration.
IIt show its appreciatin of G eneral Bradley's *AUOELS NANOY BOOK OF ELSOIhCmn
The GCrand River Dam Autharity, anl ageary of uniderstandinig and o o.ralbe
a ctiuil the crnm-
the State or Oklahomail. was ailer lFdleral con- mi ttee Ii'asedi the followinbg resotutio n which will INSIDE TRADE NFORMATO ON
rol dlring the woarai rid wat orperteOli by ihe lie sent to hill; 'z, rsa nttL A clI' tic oti~ i smly are] a hod y l s
Soulhwetprm Pawer Adlmninistration. flits d-
intnstrai.ii. wI WreatEd ad I war ,,a, ure in "in view of the timely and dtecisive disposiion
1043 to provide fir ilniWed Idu..nisttative ro.- of ihe ( I.
L appIrentice question by (entral t Ic. it.eA .imd .*m .-tr(r.s t ,i cr .. III,
Omar N. Bradley, admi.nisrator of the Vet-
trol arid iarlklktin, of lho prnwor i-nrrilod ii
the Grand River im anid at the Nurfolk elans Aldniiiitratin. the executive eolmlitte
:im
of lthe ienerlt C'ommitt,-e on Apipreltiesh.ip tur
project, the ta1ler beoig operimtd by the I aited d ltcru - W n T rmnrdiu r Lithe mr
Statei Army Englneers ,l anid the marketking of the (Cona ilrutlon hiaustry, in ,,,ion Tuesday: St irn hieh
the power allriated aIt February 5, 1946, deidedl that ore
e Lomni
than
the enisun l)em id projectI :r5-.i- Bt~tri Cr¢urrnmtiwsWc
nlldr the ai e opir.atiulL. rs-dilnly iLotic. be l,1,lal uf Gelleul iadleyr'
rieritiyene s anti ae:tip~im
ThE Grand River la.iin prujert has its lmw mK n A p n n. p
transmission system, whiiih enalike it t, serve its 'Bie it rearled, therefore, that a resolution T il f,~
customers direetly wlthout relying iof a',i. h atiin e pas-eld. and a cpy forwarled
.i thie ftciii-
II the. tedvrin <' A lhl [iklraLi.,l,. I.i Ii>, diL...tos -
ties of others. 'he Nfuilflk and Denison Dlam l* fIip.. Ati. mI M k~
tion of o r petition, General BIrdliy has acted
rujerts, horwever. do not h.ve hlld-qUte traiL.s
mission ;ysleni rllid hle eltire output If thee
has eenl soil to {eighlthiring pria.L
in the interest,
ulilip toim.- cont4ructtion iidiustry, and this Rpubiie."
we believe, of the veterans, the .. - _ _ _

I-
panics. Ta]ider th-l I hatod IanIrelo Act tlhe cee-f Inve ,f thme iiptirtaiwt to tom, teatjLion ap;- L"I, =..... . ..llnvaz__ L==

tary of the ittier is authorized to Eisiiruct pretieehip of General Bradley' letter, the
Or acquire the ime$s ary tranantisgifin ]sis l aie ronmilttee icoi,lndleldd that it Iel rhilteld in
related facilitie-. W hen these reLa.titirri,. it Idrae and labor journals with instructions to
will be peSiLii,
p,,uI. .... iil tl u.,raltons oi local joit eonimiittee to eoiitact immneilately
the three projects o thlt tile errnhilnre ldependi- the proper state certifying agency and gain
able output ar Ihe ire renaid by Iio· 10)11i t both apiiroval as a training institution. Further, that steam littilg ii.liti y. itILt e oiltra.tors a.d
in power antl ileergy oerr the s of
It their here
h no joit enlimjttees exist, promnpt action
the il.lllon ha., apprllhloip,d fuidsi. for the de-
individ.ul lriubiiiilit. be taken to establish such crunnlitte e anid
Ictuire aprovaI from the state agency. veolneiI of a uttifrin a cotrse of related class-
re... inst ructi. n itook
f oLrm for Lhe use of
]he sangesirin ws made tliat wherever a
jint apprenticeship committee exists, the em*i- all horal joint cotInitlbeM throughout the coun-
uit tee fiuld be advi sed, when niaking aplica- try. In additiil,, here iII be appoilted a full-
MANPOWEll FOR lIOUSIN(G DRIVE tion Lo the state .gelley for reugrliitilo that time
.aid i i.r.rd.ii at or, working iunder the sp.er-
recognition be requested for the full territory ,ision of ihme Hatonal joit Co.lrniittee to put
(Continueid froll pkel 124
as covered hy the joint collmittee; that Io nie the plan i nto
operation.
expediting the entire opprenticethle can iEcolnile all apprentie c in htl iudustry in
rlogram Local ac.romplsh men ts d.uring th Ilast year
lnon. He exrlprsedi the opinion th, t any dinay that territory uules he goes through thile jihlt
itiltiiie t hav, bhlh]lrw a inoa[pI, in crease ar cv idened by
would result in iLreriille illjlyI Ihe pro- anit tand dards are adhered to.
thie following fii leS i tobesented
the ,ommi, .
gram neLt sumler. I hettrefl, he felt that Iseps As a furthe safeguard r to the veaerai, the
tee by Mr. hiason:
must be taken iiw to i nierease lthe nomir of I niiiitlere urged that all apprentiles indlrn
apprentices. Waiting limta 'cno.t ie recanijled tuled in lie hbuilding tradeshe iiiendtu red to
with the near-future deimand, the joilt orillittee. Local groups should h e ii,- N,. of Subsertb~O
Co.*tnip eeR No. of
Again the im,,, ittee tleserI theneedd for pressed with the factil that now that the Vet- Cone rc t o4
LDef 1
more jaoint Pll Ichhi prntlit p enlinittees a the ello erans Admniinistration has giien them full
lee.L These elTnn..ittrs will Lb ilIe inst ruIl.nitI Sleorlltitln, they gheuld step in alld do the jolb Trad. 1I45y 1U44 19'4 1144
through which the alpreni iceship pilrogrii will or sonleone else will do it, and not to their tall all tiade,,s 1117 791 21,263 12,713
be accelerated. liting.
Several ar sit tations were cited ts evldlnce A brief report of progress was given by Mr. h~tml ti adths I:8 lid 1,035 2,661
of a lack of prIlpr apiri-iatimi of fthe bill'i- ]arlio. lie informeild the group that the national l' ,od
p~illr ibig rum M rill i. I

tilud oof he prolmTie . 'hh eIiiii.itlee piruis. ed. appirenticeship standards for brieklayers te- trades 23: 176 4,164 2.446
follow up aLImoit .i. i
Ualy ituaylio.u ihroaght to its eloped by the Associated Geinmerl Cittracto r g27 17 1 2,460
attention or to tile iittentin of ildividuiial anti the Brieklayla Masons arid Plasterers Ill Electrial trillades
Ili],, ..
i Itt 17) 123 2,995 1,74S
members. ttinatinnal Uni orn are now being prin ted, is are
gheet uwealc tnriitde I!7
6i1 75 14194 Ohe
1,05;)
those jiiiitly f oriulated by the General Con Flillt.1 Ilddl.,
At its list meeting, e the Xettttive cormlitte 1:15 8[4 2,601 1,5(1{
t'at~is antid the Operativ Plaitrirrs aind I1 II
discussed Ihe neessity of eeuiin Lall in tepre- Cemenit Fitnshers Intermtional Assotiation. Othe ltrades (II 42 775
Wtailo telineVrerns
lln le Adl..niist-ation whieh TlhE Brutherho'rI of Painterse i ts, an.
.,
wouli recognize joint inanagenb, rt-labisor < Example of puhIlhelty which hve IIon glven
Paperhangers of A have issued a policy
i.ri.ra
mitteri ill the, utistrelitio inllutry n as traiiiinmg to lie ipIlrinIlichIil sy Ili, of variou, in
sitteInIrt on the tainiin of gladi r.
institutions ualiiiel and equiljI.( l to lriltitle
1 ldustfit-a ti thriur
h jiurtlnils, speial publl
trahiilri for vleternri Hinte- lhe leinus nf eritiir One of the nost sgignificant developments
euitiomiS, et, weIre ealled to the attelntin of the
I'ibebbLJaw 4lH or Poldil law ll, pTli Cun id inl I ;heIast few mon thi as och I cr, in the
gr-u p. Many local Et..Linijttttee ar, printing their
gress. As a result the eomniijt. * mel with (eli
erl Olnal- N BUradIy.' saIlia.ldrtd ini booklet form and have acquired
aliinistriaiiref Vet
eraIls' Affairs, antid Mr. 1. V. Stirling, sslliaLnt *Thr pln referred to is that which has bi ell their own attiatl ery. All these approahes are
agreed upon by lihe Oklaholma Sate Accreditin g factors in glllili
adnlUnistatol far Vocational lirhnbliltlio and. Agrn'y ind the Veterans' AdninisLratin ill ,upport and rCogliitioln of
Education, Veterani' Adiminitration, outlined Okblahoma whertby Joint apprenticeship com- tIle work labor rid rlultllagviPit/ are doing,
to thlem the eurtm ary appllrentieshil peacticr nittee ale approved and recognized as tlain- jointly, to build thd ranks of their skilled
ilg iistitutios iunder Public Laws 346 and 16,
hi the buihllng hidustry and reeornlulmlidml that itI Codlgrals. ,orking force to Illeet the L ubhlid'a iedh.
'54 The Journal of ELECTRICAL WORKERS and Operalors
George Derfiinger, L. U. No. 46
Initiatell Aitil 27, li) 7
Frank DII, L. U. No. 46
I.itite~ .ltiilj 12, 1944
John SoderstromB I. U. No. 48
iaifinted Jtte 24. 1943

I
regret that the

MEMORS
It is with deep solrw s.Id
the unl mcly

I me, bls of (L, No. 46 Inoh]

death of our Brot0ers,,Ili Sdaletioma, Geolge
Delrflilger and Flank Dye, hrembcrt of Our
local;.I therefole be it
Resol.ved. That wle pay tributE to their memlory
by expressing to their famfiles our sincere sIl
ttenry H seerich, L. U. No. 1 IEdA. Hacklcy, L. U. No. 22 lathy: and be it further
hilttlted AUguSt 7, 1917 Initiated A.u9s 24, 1920 Res.olved. That a copy of thlese resolutions be
sent to teir families a coy be pread un our
Frank MKleenna, L. U. No. 1 Whereas Aim Ighty oed. in His Infinite wisdom, utes, and a copy be sent to the E
in trtcal
lititld oe be' 26, 1919
NeId has seen tit to relieve Brother Ed A. liaCkley Of WorkerK; Journl foi . .
4blilatIo,
Monte Underwood, L. U, No. I the biildens oe this world; and G OYIG~ O LIVESR.
IriiateId Febr.llcr 2, 1945 WhoerI-s efo
re Brother Sacki*e passed on ti HIANS SCII2CIIERT.
his eternal reward he wa a wothy and loyal V. C DANIELSON,
It is with silcere feelings oi sorrow and reoret member. ees cted by all; therefot be It MORRIS MOSKOWITZ.
that we. the memberls of Electrical WorkErSli. o- Resolved, 1hat we extend our condolen ces to M. C HORNBECK,
cal No I rccord the asOing of our worthy his bereaved famil at this time: and be it further Coummittee
Brothbes and whereas ?n the passing of oiir Seattle, Wash.
lost true and loyal mIei1- Resolved, That ?he meeting stand one Inrltie
Brotgers Leal No. I has In silent trlibute to his memory; and be it flrther
bhrs whose kind deeds and noble charater's will John S. Luekie, L. IU. No. 66
those who knew theml Resolved, That the charter of this local union iittieod NoVehmer 20 1890
be rtynenllered most by be draped for a period Of 30 days: and be it
best; so be It Whereas it was reported from the lo.I of our
flurlhel regular meeting on December 6, 1945 that
Risoivfd, That we pay tribute to their nmeilory Resolved, That a Copy of these ireolutions be
by expressing our heartfelt s mpathy and sorrow a Blother John S Luckie hald pascd away on
ineriporiotd n the minites of ihis local unriti, November 23 1945, as a result of a heart attack:
to their bereaved families who mourn tlleil lOss copy be sent to the family of the late Brother
in their dark hour of sorow; and be it further and
Hacktey, and to the International Office for plub- Whereas president Learock ap ointed a com-
Resolved, That we in our meneting assembled lieation in the Enectrieal Workers Jtoau l.
stand In silence for one minute as a tribute to OTTO C JOHNSON. miitee to prepalre a re.olution In hEs mnl ory; and
their memonry and be it further L W. ROPER, Whereas Broiher Luckie was one of the oldet
R tat
esolved, a copy of theSe resolutions be meombers of Local Union No. 8-06 who had
living
JOSEPH BERAN many timtes proved his loyalty to the ILterna-
sent to their family, a egoy be sent to our Elte- Omaha, Nebr. Comaobit4
trical Workers' Journal for publication and a tional Brotherhood of ElI.otrIcl Workers and his
copy ritten into thile minutes of our local and good will towards all union workers; and
our charter he draped for a period of 30 days. Charles L. U. No. 23
oHey, Whereas the offeelI and members of Local
JOBHN T MEINERT. Rctnitiated Janar 28, 1942 Ulitoi No B-66 realize the os or this oltstand-
M. JOE LYNG. It is with deep sorrow and regret that we the inl Brother and desire to pErmlinetlly haipress
LEO J. HENNESSEY. uTon the records of ti local union the high
membiers of Local Unionrl No, B-3. L B. E W.. regard held for himn anll the sincere regret felt
St louls, Mo. Commnittee mourn the passing of Brother Charles Boy: thole-
fore he it by each of us in his loss: therefore be It
Resolved, That we pay triblte to his memory Resolved, That the charter of Loeal Union No.
Shellie R. Sims, L. U, No. 16 by expressing to his family our inicere regret B-66 be draped for 30 days and a copy or these
bnititced November 6, 1942 and be it further reolutions be sent to his beloved wife, a Copy
and sympath
Resoleed, hat a copy or these resolutions be publiashed in the. Joural of Electricai Workers
It is with de!p sorrow and re let that we. lie and Operators, and a copy attached to the mlinutes
elenihers of Local Union No. -16, record the sent to his family, a copy spread upon the min- of Local Union No. B-66; and be it further
pasling of our Brotho., Shellie R. Sims: lhire- ores and a copy sent to our Journal for publia- Resolved. That the meeting he called to order
fore· be it tiln and be it further
etsolved, That we drape our charter for a and that the members stand in silence ilor one
iesnIv ld That we pay tribute to his menhnIry minute in respect to US me~inorey.
Ill rpressiIg to his tamil y our sineere sympathy: period of 30 days., and that the memberS st nd for J, A, GRIFFIN,
and he it tirtlher one minule in silent tribute. W. H. MILLtIL
Resolved, That we drape our charterlfil a WILLIAM FEETTAN,
Welfaie Chahiman W, C. PARRISH,
peliod af30 days, that a copy of these resoiliitIosib St. Paul. Mintin Committee
Soudton. Texas.
e spread oi the minutes of our meeting arnd
that a copy be sent to the official Journal for Robert T. Warren, L. U. No. 27 Wesley Welsh, L. U. No. 77
puIblicaleIon. Tltlhoted Novelber 7, 1940, in L. U. No, 26 .iitated JaniarIt 1o, 9375
GEORGE J IMORROW.
EvOollhle, Intd. Busliness Managr It is with deep sorrow and resrel that we the E. T. Johnson, L, U. No. 77
menabers of L U No. 27? record tile pasillg of Reflitiated May 7, iNi
our formnI Brother, Robert T WaIrenl: thlre- It is with depest sorrow anid regret that we.
fore be it the nembers of L U. No. B-/7, record hte pass-
Seth M. White, L. U. No. 17 lrsolred That we pay tibile to ]Is family by ftig of our Brothers, E. T. Johnson and Wesley
Initiaited March 20, /91D expiessing stiNere ympathy; and be it rtllhel Welsh; therefore he it
Robert J. Miller, L. U. No. 17 lesolvd, That we drape our ellirter for Resolved, That we pay tribute to their II1emoryi
IniLtiated May 1, 1945 peried of 30 days. by expressing to their famnil'e our sincere sni-
Will, a sincere feeing of sorrow and relt. We, ROBERT W. SISSON. raliy: and be it further
tile ienfbership o L, U No, B-17, reorid Ehl Washington. fi C. Reodiiag Selciriity Resolved, That we drove our clIarii fr a
death of our deported friends and Brothers, period of 30) days, tha a eODy of these resu1Ltions
RobeIt J, Miller. and Setil M. White: ltherefore Charles Mooney, L. U. No. 28 be pasd on thE miiites of our next regular
be it iniifated Jew, 28, 19IR leeting, that a opy be sent to their bereaved
Re lived, That we pay tribute to their me*lllry families, and that a cOpy IIE ielntto the ollieial
lly x ,g
Sprii t0 their ftamilies and iieinds our George E. Simjs, L. U. No. 28 Journal of the Brotherhood fop publicatio,.
sinere sv,,mt~iy; and be it further InLtrated April 2, 1943 p. E. BERRY.
Reseolvud, Thai a copy of these resolutions be Whereas it is with deepest sorrow that we the A W. ANDERSON,
sent ii, their fnalies,, a copy be spread on er etlllr,,r of Local Union No, 2, 1. B. E. W,. pay KEN DEVENNY,
minmtls. and n copy be sent to the Journa] if our IlIst t11ribute of respect to ilhe memorly o olt CHARLES CORWIN.
lie Eletrieal Wokers for pIubication: and be it late Brlthhls. Charles Moonley aid Greill R. L KIMMEL,
Simsn.. whom God, in His infinite wisdom, saw Seattle, Wash. Committee
R.solved, Thal Ihe members stand in silence fit to remove from our mids: and
for i periodOf one minute as a tribute to their Wheleas We wish to extend to their families Fred Cassella. . U. No. 90
ien(,ory and that our charter be draped for a and relatives our deep and hearttfeii synipaty: initiatd A aplhIs 1 1944
peiod of 3{} days. therefore be it It is with deep sorrow and regret that we imust
CLYDE BRAKE Resolved, Thbt we. in meetillg assenhleI, stand record the passing of one of our menbeis.
VIRGIL, G. HYNEMAN, In silence for one minute as a tribute to thlei Brother Fred CaSaella.
H, E. CUNNINGHAM. mmory; and be it further Resolved. That we express our sincere sym-
Detroit. Mich. Committee Rsolved. That a copy of these resolutlons he pathy to his family; and be It fuhIlther
sent t their bereaved families, a copy prelad Resolved. That .our chartel. b draped for a
upon the nlOnlte s of this meet] u, a copy he sei pEioid Of 30 days; and be it further
amesn M. O'Mara, L. U. No. I8 to olr offleial Journal for publcation and that Resolved, That a copy of thee resolutions be
Snitioted SIeptenDer I1, 1019, ii L. U. No. 48 our ehalter be draped for a period of 30 days pread on the minutes of Local 8-90, a Cyo bey
CAVPBELL CARTER sen to his family, and a cOpy elnt to the Inter-
Wheicas Almighty God, in Hi inrlnit{ wisdomI, CHARLES F. IHE]NER,
has seen t ti take from our mlidst Brother James Commieel. national Offiee for publication In the oftcal
M OMars; and Banltmore. Md Journal
Whereas ti passing of this Brother to his RUSSELL HOPKINS
eternal reward has deprived Local Union N. Charles U. Peterson, L. IT. No. 41 New tlaven. Corn. Recording SecFetary
*Ia or a loyal and respected membe; now, InitIted October 31, 1922
therefore be It E. A. Hoffman. L. U. No. 100
Rlsolived. That thiS meeting stand for one It Is with deep sorrow and regret that we tilhe Rleinitiated Mar'!. 8, JiB9
uintite in silent tribuhte to his llmemory; and be it members of L. U. No. B-41 of the I B, E. W, Edward Charles Bryan, L. U. No. 100
ft riher record the pssing of our Brother, Charles V.
lo a Pet.rIon who assed away Janlluary 10, 1940; Reinoiiatcd Apri/ 18, 1917, , L. U. No. 169
Resolvd. That the charter be draped It is with deep sorrow id yerIt that we rt-
,eriod of 30 day,: and be it further th.r.fore be it
TI t this time eix reI oLir Resolved, that we, the melmlbe' of L UV No. cord the death of Brot,,it, E, A HofInnn and
Resolved Eiiward Charles Bryan therefore be It
EIIndolenCes to the family of Brother 'Mar a In B-41, pay tflibute to the memory of oulr mother
heir bereavement; and be it faurther Ily expressing to iIs family our sincelr' syn- Resolved. That the charter of Lotal Uniorn No.
Resolved, 'that a eoy of these resolutions be pathv; and be it further 100 of the Internatsolla Biolherhood of Electrical
inenorpors e in the inu i es of this ocal un inn R"olved, That our charter be draped for a WorkeIs be draped for 30 dayl: and be it further
period of 0 days in respet to Il. his tEmory aid Resolved That a copy of these reoiutionr be
a eOpy sent t, the famrily of the late Brother at, a copy of these resolutions be seni to Iis recorded il the minutes, that a copy be sent to
OMara. and a COpy to the Internationl Office their families and that o peotyhe selnt to the
for publication in the Eleetrical Wlrkers' aml y, a copy be sent to the ofeiIal Journal for
Journal publcaEtion, and a copy be splread oln tle iinutle ElectrLIca Workers JomInal for iblifention.
Reqitiescalt in pace. of eul next meeting. JOHN K. l RSCU,
RICHARD W ORAESSER. WALTER 'IlNLEY.
H M. FOSTER GEORGE B. KOCL. LESLIE I, HiiADDIX,
C. D. ERNEST. FRED SWITZER,. IHENRY IIYDE,
Los Anleies, Caltf. Commilttee Buffalo. N. . Committee ;rreso, Calif. Committee
APRIL, 1946 His
Roy M. Slm, L. U, No. 125 Eletriaill Workor' J.ournal aind that our chart-r Willi."m Sal.nan, on April 24. 1945.
Initiated October 5, 1937, in L. U. No 77 be di Ped lot a eriod of 30 days Resolved. That oit sincere sympathy be ex-
It Is with deep sorrow and re ret that we. the I[OMAR FORTE, Ptnded to hi, fainly and frieds and a copy of
membelrs of Local Uniin NoC. t-12 ,ecord tile CARL RlECOIRDS this res¢olltlt i ie forwarded to our official Sour-
asIlng of our Brother. Roy M. Sem: thereoioe E. M. RLAKEMAN, 'al for ublication.
oe it Lexillgton Ky. Committee PDough eepie. N, . COMMITTEE.
Resolved, That we pay tribute to hi inemn.iry
by expresing to is fanily our sincere syn- Robert H. Ross, L. U. No. 275 William B. Iorri
sse, L. II. No. 326
path and be it f£lthler Ioitiated Decemlber 3, IoI
Resolred 'That we drape our charter flr a ltiiataid JIaunary 3, I 34
It is wit a .icril felingr of sorrow arid re- It is with dIT, ir ro.inw and reg!it that we, the
of 20 as,. anti haot a copy of these leso*- tpet thaft .v, lie Inrinbers of Local No, 275, re- fnP¥biq"
futlls he spreod ot the minutes of our i, Ciig IH
focIal Union No B-326. IB. E. W.,
port 'h.e suddlen death of our, for1ri·l president I"1e1dit lY pssing et our Brother, Wilb}3lj B,
and that coy orofti, Iribute hi! snt to Iltl anid withy Brother. Robert I{ aIS,. and
official Jounmal of the Brotherhood for publcica- lM/in is; ttti'rifuit t, bIe it
WIIeas ilivi III hs passIg we '0. t a trle R TIaIced
lIa W I lIue lo hish emorr
tion. arid faithlul lbother ald hi failly a oving by rxptrtn' It, hi faml.. our s.ncer. syii-
FLOYD D. PARKER. ilustliii arid father: therefore li it puith,: aid b it lPihier
CHARLES E. fALAI Resolved. Thai We OtW hWit bet:read faminly ResIjvet. 7hat .Ie lrape
Portland, Ore,
WILLIIAM C. MILIER. JR,
Conumitte
our decpest siynapthy i the6ir hoor oI soIrrow:
ard be ii firlihlr
i rid di 3i dsv, and ti.,t ao our .ofcharter for a
thet reso-
ins he spread In tri( irIutes of our meetinrg;
RFilil]ed That Z copy of these I{sotuIofn be thl; ia copy be sent to Ite oflictl Jitilrial of the
B. H. Mithell, L. U. No. 136 s,,nt to his t.fa;ly, a copyvp)eid
aiild
o04 LfL inutes, H}1oheihood for puilEatrl n and that a copy be
Infitlted Aipi 2%5 1922 rmip sen to the Eiectical Wotiry. Jl r- .enl t hisii berieaved faibily
With a sincere feiling of Olrrow and iirget. i for piibliecilokn:
,al arid lip it oritrlir JOHiN P ONEILL,.
we. ie mnel bers of LoCal Union B-la6, I B EW iResoived T. 'hat the nmlicMri stand in silence PFRED C. BARINES,
record ihe untlimir pEssing of ile ftrield inni for a per td of oon ilinuleu a. ir buint to hbi EDGAR 1BORIN,
Broiler. B. H. Mitchell, on DeCmbber, t,eaihm.. iLdi hlil our eharltl be draped for a FRED W. GLEASON.
27 1945; period of 30 clay
tlherefoe be it Llawrnce. Mas Committee
Re olved. That we pay tribute to his n.en.ry GEORGE BONYERNOOR.
by expressing to his tiruiiy alid frieihds our sit. Muskegon, Mih FIIIna cial
.iI cletary lEgIene P. Berry. L. IT. No. 333
ere s'riipahy;: anid be it firther Ittiitrdl Noolellter 6, 1922
Resolved, Th.at a copy of ti CeM, ;t'lLitiorll be Berlin S. Hammuck, L. U. No. 291 With the depe.t solrow. we. the members of
sent to his famil, a copy be reacd on o.i mbi.- Illitted Aprill to, 19, Local Unioln f-:i3i. rIcord ihe pasig of o'iI
tiles, ld a ,up, N sent II the Jurnal o F itc- It is witlh¢ict borow. aioulirii ie t h the Brother, Eugene E Beiry: theriftore be it
trical WlrlrIkS fqr pubJiation: anid be it lurlher melllbers o ( Loal l. IBE W ,,cod tie Resolved. That w.e pay tribute to hIs family
Rel$old, TIIhaI w sItand in ,i ncyee for Ilt lag of oiir Brofthpr Rlllini S lr...Iacl orl!' byIXII i our most, soin.erel sympat1hy; and
minotr ae a tribulte o his memory and that our run ,4. 196 lie has been loyal to ourt Bother be it Ithu.er,
chalter be draped for a period of 30 days. hood and gave faithful ad imparminl erv ce Reolved, That coRpy of thi resolution be
L, A DEAN, while srln ot lle City Exariuintlg board. spread . the tit. a copy sent to hI family,
Birinintoghm. Alla Recnrding Secretary Wheleas. W*e wish to !xtilelld to sll/;flltly and nd a copy senlt to the Electrical WoIkerb Jour-
relalle, oil dwi .a~n heartfel,t syoDlhy; lai for ptubollaionn; and be it futher
therelore be it Reolved. That our chartei ie draped for a
Fred J. Matson, L. U. No. 150 It oill I, hatil we. in ileting sselible.d, period oi 311 daysN and that iLis body itand io,
Ibitiffod juSe 20, 1923 stand in silence for o1e minute as a riliote to one minute t silence in oitot, of is pasilng.
It is wtll deepest sorro and regret thlat we. hi, ienbory: and be it further I. E. HOWE.
fhe ,tnieiii- of Local Ulion B-]iO. rorI (the RtovGd, That a cpy of this-e resobltiorn bi M BLUMENTHAL.
pasing of our Brother. fried J Matro who for nIt to hi beravil family. a copy spread oIn the A. B. NASON.
man. years hat bele a tlmbel true and loyal rl: oinitites o h iis .cling.,a coipy.
l hb sTol e,, our Portland. idaihe Committee
and official Joutatl flor pobicatoiin. and Ih.i our
Whereas. It is our desir to recognize our loss charte be draped (or a period of ray Richard H. Snoddy, I.. U. No. 338
in tile pa.sing of BIther MaLon and exrlis. P, B, FORTE,
oUr appreiatiobn for his loyalty to the au, e of fiitinteod Ji,,, 2. t9{0
Roie IdAio. eencldiiig Se OtiBy
It is wilh dop¢st sorrow and regret that we.
our iiwotherhmlbd: theefoIc be it the Ilmebers of iLcal Uirint No. 22. reCord the
Rauelvd. That re I xprlb our dee est sym- deallit of our fIriend and Brother, Richard
pathy to his lovrd ¢li'sin teir bllour o bereavo- David WV. McFarlane,. L. U. No. 302 H.
Ien that we send a opy lf tlhe~ re hlutionl to lntlolted Marel I9. I92. in i,. U. No 323 Snoddy. w.ho, as a 6It lieutenan min the Air
Forces of the United Stales of Americ:ia was offi.
his fNuioy. a ha c sprea1 d . c.ply on the mi"obute Wheras. II I with n.Tep.it srrow tbat We,. cial-y reported dead on Decembr 19,1, 1. after
of our local nion, that a copy be Sent to our the members of Local Unhn Na B-(2. IBFEW. W having been reported
Oficial Sohnlri ior piblicaliori and Ihal we paY ccii last irhbute of rtip ct n thie niemory isirgnt sine JuneL, 10 tt42
following a mis ion as a pilot of a B-1, il the
d our charier oro a period of 30 days a* a
rape oir late Broleli, David W M whintaode South pacific: therefore be it
lribUIu- lo hir ell"rI' tod, In His Inftlooe wisdo. w (It to remove Resolved, Thai we pay ribile to his memory
W A. SCIIROAIDER. rIo, our midst; and by expressinl to his family and friends our Sm-
A. PANOWSKI Whrlas., WVi wih to xterind to his famly and btli slynpattlr; and be it fluthee
Wrnlkegan. Ill. Commlittee relatives You deep alld heartlfel syrilpahyi IhFer Ifl,,lved. ThaI a copy of thes1 reoIItions be
fote be it spread upolo our [n-ibes~, anod that a coa, be
Risolved. Thai we in leoeing e*sdemiird. stand sent In t.e Internattiual lbrotherhood of Eleerji-
Chebter L Lamb, L. U. No. 175 in sience for one minute aa a tribute to his riem-
lnitt, d Jbune I;. i931 ell Workers Journal tfo 4 uhiiiatio n
ori; rnd be itWil-lih
Charles B. Ferguson, L. U. No. 175 flemivLd. Thait f n of these rcsolfulior9 e1 W C, PASCIIALLT
Illin~li'd JOYi~ 2t~ 1940 sent to ls, brrelield i;ii'] a copy pread u.,on
lhe minotes of ihi, rneetin , a 66py bW ell to C F ODLE.
With deep sorow and regirt we the ,membr, Dflen ion Texas Conimi tte
of Loeol Ifson No. 175, record tile ulntiely ouiir o iciatJoil bnif.i. .t. icatiin nod that bour
death of Brotiher ChollIs B. Felgu.,bn and iltuer be draped for i hloldofi
i,) d10ci
]Brother Chliester L. Lamb therefore be it A. LAWREN CE BlId ard B. Br0oks, L. I. No. 339
Resolved. That we dilae Rleh.nri.l Callf Secretary Intiraed Februtar 3, 1927
pit chartr Io. 0
days hin ile i4lll(r]yII ; and be it furtIlher Thomas Can,, L. U. No. 339
Reolved That a cbpy of these relsottlols be R{ J. MeCoy, - U, No. 309 DhJiredl ArlpHI T43
/R
entl t t heir familis, a opy bo spr[ad on the Relt' mt''d Jun 27, I9F3, in IL U, No, 33S Paul Kuharoff. L. U. No. 339
mirtes of Local 175 a copy be sent ti Th Initialtd March 5, 943
L.abor Vorld. andt a copy he gent toi tlie lectrl- GleR l, . Banr rd. L. I. No. 309 Death comies s it mus.t I all nlqo, the will of
C.l vWolkers' Journal for publication iltlltred Nolremher 2, 1I43 Cnda lmud le don,,, therefore ii i with deep si-
C A. STRAWN, Charles Pollock. . I'. No, 309 row and sdness in ourm hearls that we rod
J. E. TIPTON. lin(oIted Map is. 1$23 ihere the death f three esteied Bothers.,
W. I. KELSO, It is with deep orrio)w and rer eht thA we the nameil. iothtir Elward B, Brooks. Thontai
Chattanooga. Tln. Co..nmittee lenohe-s of L. . -30. ,crllit thv
i)allln o Calnn and Pal Kubarolf: therefore be it
ritlhr" Chorles poiok, Roy 3 McCoyr and Re'oinl.a That wi pl ltriblte to their- oTieT-
L. 1. Roan. L. U. No. 177 (ien alrlnard: thrirl're b ii ones by cixpressine , their imrimediate
0,,,S~fplobbI.i,,,, ,,fo, familiie
Iobit further
Resolled. Til. .e pay tribuIe to their merm- out healtfeil s. lpil lhy: and le
Reil/"tiaed 1Novelber 22, 1944 loolv ,d. ihat flu, charier be diaied for a
It is with the deepest sorrOw and regret that 0ty by expresidg ,to their fantlkis our sincere
symT lady alnd he it fIlPlher erlint of 3 dniy in reIpe to their rnoneor.
we. thie nileribers ,i L. U. No. 177, pay our last Resolved. That a copy of tahen resolution il the above
resolution be placed iii the min-
respeCl o tlhe l:emory of our late Blohier. L L. be
spred o our imonbte,, a ecop b, sent to teirl utes. and a copy be sent to oun ofeia Joulnai
Roan ,hnon AliililhyL God. In His inlnitl iwis- familie, nid a copy seti to 0 ElectrIcal Workers, for publ}eation.
dom, has called frnI i.l. mI,idst JIonnal or r ltlicat.ion: anl "Rest in Peae."
We extend to the family our healtfelit aym- be Ii further
Resolved, ]hat In his InIuiery oit charter be CHARLES BLAIR.
pathy in ihe,, los,. draped for a period of Z1 da¥m ERIC CLAYTON.
Resolved Tilhat a copy of these resolltions be JOSEPH OTWAY,
seti to his fanily, a coy hbe spread on the FREID W, FOREE.
n- DICK BUITfE]R. Flrt William. Ont., Can Commiittee
utes oi oi r local lodge, a eopy slt to the Labor E. F, ERIINGfl.
N/ews and a copy Ilhe sient t our oflicial Journal East St Louis. III Waler. R. Dodge. L U. No. 340
for pulblieatioIl adli be it Lfurther Committee
Reol]ved That our charter bh drGFrd for a JIlrilt.Itd Scptnrber 11, 142
period of 10 days in hisI meiory. William Salzman. L. U. No. 320 Arthur T. Campbell, L. U. No. 340
C. G. SMITH 11io-11ae 1`ehroll~!1 5, 7945 Ilntdred Oetobrr 29, 1942
L. L. SNYDER It I, Wilt dep i,e-tel thttI. the m.nmbers of U is with nlleh sor'1o rind rage thriat we, the
Jacionvifle, Fia. Cmnrnitlee I. . No. B<J irrenor, the death nf our niraher. mrmber o Loc.al Uniont No 340. are called upon
to record the passing of our steemned Brothers.
Arthur B. Campbel)l and Walter R. Dodge; there-
Freeman P. Pascal, L. U. No, 183 fore be It
hitiatcd A .U.t, 1941, tin L. U, No. 1094 ReSolved, That w, pay tribule to these de-
Tile momtllbiesih circle oI Local f-I VI hats bN, We are sorry bui due to the aeute -eased Brothers.' n rmlyand give to theil loved
brkenli by the passin. of rother Freemian MiTesan expression of oull sincere s npathy: and
Pascal who diid Sptt'rflbel 21, 1945, and ill ii !
'aper slirllage this month and the be It further
Pry i,] this beiovi'd E: oier v.lumn .f maleril in the .Journal. ReolYved, That a copy of theereonlutioon be
Resolved, That Iwe aytribute to is mermory sent their fmilies, a copy be rilVad upon our
we are fDrced to leave
several pages minutes. and a cop be senl the eleetrical Work-
by etprlsing to the fainly and frlends our dcip- et'- Jolrnal for P.licai. n;i and be It fUrther
eat sympathy, and be it furthier of "In Memoriams' fHr the May isasue.
Resolved. That tlsa m, ting stand in silent Resolved. Thai we stand in siellce toR one
This may eltail a cut in our cor- miute iin memlory of these departed Brothers.
prayerone mintlie f rur departed Brolher and
that a copy of thse resolutions be put on The respondcce seeliull next month. 0. D DONCAN.
Mninti(s and a opy setl to the fanily aid a C. tR. HOLLAND.
copy to the International for publicaliion in the
Sacramento, Calif. Cobuittee
I5eThe
7-
"JIFFY" SOLDER POT
Swinging Cup-No Spilled Solder
TRIAL OFFER
Send $1.50 with this ad to
CLYDE W. LINT
100 S. Jefferson St. CHICAGO 6
"Thie OgtInaL Jiffy Line"
Money Back if Not Satisfactory
SENATOR MORSE TALKS
(Continued fron page 127)
happen to share the view that it is an obligation
of government to insist upon it.
Now let me say a word or two about your
obligations as employers in labor disputes. I
think you need to do some rethinking. I think
you reed to throw away some of your escape
mechanisms which you use to avoid living up
to the full obligations of voluntary arbitra-
tion. Personally, I do not think any American
employer can justify taking a position before
the people of the United States of refusing to
be willing to submit to voluntary arbitration
all i.sues that have created an inpasse be-
tween himself and his workers. If you can't
settle the dispute in collective bargaining, if
you can't work it out in conciliation and media-
tion, then I do not think you have a right. or
should he permitted b2 the public, to exer-
cise the right of saying, '"I will not put the
merits of my case on top of an arbitration
table for the felliatio
full consideration
th of
f t public,
and let the decision rest upon the merits."
I know there are a lot of employers who
are dragging their feet on this issue. Predic-
tions I- e dangerous, but I think you are going
to be forced in the next decade to stop hiding
behind the worn-out alibi-inherent right of
management. Not immediately, because right
now the employers of America-because of
some mistakes that labor leaders have made
are in a very favorable position with publiie
opinion. But don't forget the pendulum of
public opinion swings. Hence, I would like to
see American employers grasp the great oppor-
tunity they have now, and come forward with
a program which shows that they really mean
to practice these principles of voluntarism for
which I have been pleading. I say to American
labor and employers, as I said to a group of
employers in my office yesterday morning
about a strike of great importance to a large
section of this country, "Why don't you offer
to arbitrate all the issues which have been
raised between you." They said, "Oh, first, we
don't know what kind of an arbitrator we
would get, and second, we feel that the issues
impinge upon some of our inherent rights of
InanagemeIt......
If you are going to use voluntary arbitra-
tion as a judicial process then on the wage
issue let the arbitrator have access to all the
facts. A judiialmly-minded arbitrator will say
in reply to your argument, "We cannot pay
higher wages," I1 want to go into your books."
Every time that issue has come before me,
as a private arbitrator, it has been interesting
to note how frequently the employer with-
draws his objection on ability to pay and per-
mits me to go ahead with the wage issue,
without a consideration of his books. On
the other hand, I have had many instances
in which the books have been submitted, and
I think you would be surprised how easy it
is to develop confidence in honest arbitrators
by letting them go into your books and render
a deeiion on the wage issue in accordance
with what the facts of the business show.
Too many employers use the claim that they
an't pay higher wages as a red herring argu-
Journal of ELECTRICAL WORKERS and OperaaI
lmeit and they should he required to submit
proof alld nut mere allegation on that point.
The ostant drive of labIor for a greater
share of the product of its labor is a natural
drive. It is going to continue, because free
mlen a.d wolnen in this country are going
to constantly try to i.mprove their standards
of livhig. It is well that they shou.ld low-
ever, resoia and facts inderthis volultary
system should prevail ie nce we n ust try
to iject illto the pitre an honestet exchange
of facts between the employer, the arbitrator,
anri labor so that the albitrator's iecision
can rest on faIts and iot on suppositions or
economic threats.
MUNICII'AL BUILDING CODES
(Continued from page 12,)
ships, railway cars, automotive equipment, or
the installations or equipment employed by a
railwy,
eectric or communication utility in
the exercise of its function as a utility, and
located outdoors or in buildings used exclu-
sively for that purpose.
The provisions of this code constitute a mini-
mum standard. Compliance therewith and proper
maintenance will result in an installation rea-
sonably free from hazard but not necessarily
eflcientt or convenient This code is to be re-
garded neither as a design specification nor an
instruction manual for untrained persons Good
service and satisfactory results will often re-
quire larger sizes of wire, more branch circuits,
and better types of equipment than the mini-
mum which is here speclified.
Wiring Layout. It is recommended that archi-
tects when drawing plans and specifications
make provision for ample raceways for wiring,
spaces for equipment, and allowances for fu-
ture ihIreuses in the use of electricity. In
layiii out an installation for constant-potential
systemlls, provision should be made for distribu-
tion centers loca ted in easily accessible places
for convenience and safety of operation.
It is elsewhere provided in this code that the
number of wires and circuits eofined in a
single enclosure be varyingly restritedy, It is
strongly recommended that architects and
others provide similar restrictions wherever
practicable. ,o the enddtht
ththat e effects of break-
downs fromll short-circuits or grounds. even
though resulting fire and similar damage is con-
fined to wires. their insulation and enclosures,
may not involve entire services to premises
nor interruptions of essential and independent
services.
WEST COAST RADIO
(Continued from page 137)
members. Dealers not belonging to the asso-
ciation would be expected to abide by the same
conditions as specified in the basic agreement.
A comIplete list of all broadcast stations in
the jurisdiction of locals represented and their
wage rates plus a list of all unorganized sta-
tions anid their conditions was compiled for
future guidance of all locals.
A number of recommendations were made
which are to be sent to the broadcast locals
on the cost. It was agreed that all technicians
in unorganized stations should he contacted
and the benefits of I B. E. W, organ.iation ex-
plained to them, with the view ill mind of hag-
ing these cechnilaias become members and help
in maintaining good working conditions
throughout the ninth district of the Interna-
tional lrotherhood of Electrical Workers,. A type of home and is including it in his plans for
list of all members and non-nlembers will be
kept on file at offices of all locals
The conference also agreed that a method to
have the technicians of NBC and ABC join
their forces with the Electrical Workers should
be set in motion. Already some of the locals
are in favor of using a perfectly baalanced ap-
proach to NBC and ABC technicians, asking
them to come sit across the table with us in
a jpoi nt conferei with other tinades as.ociated
with the broadcasting industry, it looks like
a workable solution to bring together a bunch
of giuys who all do the sam weork for a living
They do say that somewhere in this bit of
stuff there is goingil to be a photograph of
sbme of "them thar guys' who were present.
A few hours of one evening were set aside
for a gathering of the clan and radio ervil.e
men, radio broadcast len, inside wiremen, out-
side wirtmen a.nd public address men gathered
to release thney oi the daily worries
with a bit of good eatiilg and stuff.- It was a
nice party and a granid feeling of fellowship
pevailed. iadlio service led the field with most
members present. Numerous were the calls
for offotiekat and ekattiffo. The entertainment
was enjoyable and ended an evening of fun
and days of work.
Brother Joe Lake, business manager of Lo-
cal 48, was unable to he with us, because of
taking a little time off to rest up in the hos-
pital. Everyone misses JIoe and the big grin
he keeps tucked away for instant use. He will
be iI there with the gang next time.
A word to other broadcast locals. If you
want to build up the trade get conferences
going in your district. Disseminate the ideas
discussed. Write HIleri Nordahl, Local No.
48, Portland, or any of the members naned
p'eviously, for details onI progress on the cost.
Brother Milnie, international vice president
deserves a lot of conmendation for his fore
sight in leading his full support to broadcast
activities ini the ninth district.
PUBLIC TASTE
(Continued from page 121
his self-righteous religiosity. Mr. Le Tournaun
says in public addresses that he has the ear of
Coil who often sends him advice on hi relation-
ships to enl oyee s. It is evident that God is
non-union in this case. Le Tornean Institute
will train, 2,0(00 veterans to work in the factory
building the nischine that produces the houses
and guarantees to put up a concrete house in 24
hours, milus windows, doors and ultilities. A
machine is built on an oversized truck like equip-
ment standing on twelve foot tires. The house
that is produced is a four room house with a
large living room No price has yet been assigned
to this type of structure. R. G. i Tournean is
personally responsible for the publicity.
4. The famous or notorious Andrew J. Higgins.
Jr., of New Orleans. is also in the prefab hous-
ing field. As nearly as can Ie told by the prefab's
publicity, the Higgins' house is a kind of me-
chano set, that is erected in sections out of
porelaIin-enam.led blocks produced under
company process by Higgins. The house is said to
cost as little as $3,000. What the $3,000 gives the
buyer is not made ele.r. Mr. Biggins claims that
his $3,000 house can be erected on the site in
three days. Porcelain-enameled sheets, which
are the main ingredients of the Higgins' home,
are described as a new material in sheet steel
with porselain enamel fused in the steel at 1,750
degrees of heat. These thermo-enamel units ar,
shipped to a building site kno.ked down. They
are then erected on a prepared foundation, two
sheets of the material spaced apart forming th,
walls. The sheets will come In different colors,.
They are supposed to he ver d 1urable.
Each
house would require a fore of eight men to
erect it.
The economic aspect of the struggle of manu
facturers to introduce these prefab types on
the mnrket is whether the manufacturers are to
rereiove soif kind of favored position from tile
Goverunment or whether they are to be subsidized.
It is said that Mr. Wilson W. Wyatt, housing
expediter, is favorably impressed by the prefab
an all-out campaign to pot 2.700,000 low-priced
honies on lots ill the lext two years. The situa-
tion is favorable to prefab manufacturers The
need for homes is so pressing and tbhe demand
so great that th customer may he willing to
take any kind of home in order to get shelter
for his family. Prefab producers are aware of
this and are pushing hard to bring about favor-
able coilditions for acceptance by the public of
this type of home. Ill the end, the public will be
the arbiter.
APRIL, 1946 157

LOCAL UNION OFFICIAL RECEIPTS FROM JANUARY 11, 1946,

I INCLUDING FEBRUARY 10, 1946

T70i:·; ·

I'V41
"3ii11,64I, Will """ :ll
II 1 IT.2li
LilIlli IIII7 Ill Bi ,,
11-o ll,:
."11 "Wi 2 2:,'l
= ,,,,
IPWiII5 7 oI i I1 4 I- "
itill ;7 I ...

IT, IT "'""·'
"'i~~~-'i".115
IT Ill"·'*
7M""
pi~i 1 B Ii I IT, 8-'I'll- ·
"l 1 Il
71T.-Ill
I "I
7
,ii"Zl
1 . ii I"'2
II
T11ii-
i I II
:1:7 I - Ill
4 ,isIII-
"I~~~IT
I14.11 llqlll
I''i laillyl
III,
%lF I .
75 ill, 7 "Al IITIi ;,x~~~lr
s-uTl:5
IM 1j
I'llpil ,I ITT, III, 7II
TTj'"
"11 2'
110"l lillIT 'I il 1"" U":"'':"
Ti"" l-71I~

I Till pi~
Till I1lili ii
IIII7111 II 17 i ~~;::~~~1111 ,III,, To .,
ii I,
14:3 lill jll 111151
""'i57 117 I 1 17 11l I: I 11 llll
' 'jil"'

ITT~i I IIii iI7i :": iIT a:

II.T. II IT I
111115
'"I7'i
,I In .ll IT ill
Tli2 il I I -I, 1 ii, ""
'" 17 I
.1 5I 1
jiZ '-i~~l" " jil ill
",ITT TITIl
IllIxT
IT- TI ill, "~" '""`~~~~~I
qIi
I";r·"' ;;"' ;"i'-·~
";"""""~~~·iiT6
Will' '"' ":i "loli
I 74 Ii1i
5i 1~~~51:?
iii,7
11I"5
"IT i IT
I, iii,7 -Illaa llijIl
111151 lll - T
11 IT 1
I I', I 7II I l1171 II
I I; 17 ,Il
I171 I I ;:i
11117
4i"; ":
I'llp 'ZI I II21ill 1-11 1 lll -ll
11];:11 I:12 li
;71 IT 17
ill "2';" '""' ""'7Tl
117 71, II
15I
51 Il T,
7 11'117 TT- TI15liil 72111
71Il 7IT
""7I
II,,,
Ill IT "":;'~~~I115
illn
1;5 I Iiii( I'i1-1 "l11 I
;"" ;"T
TI ·-
i,,- T. Till~g
V,
TIT 7114 ",IT
:1 l
pi, 11 .-ill i i'i
'W I
IT Ill, Iiiii I·1,5
I'"c I';· i
117
ii 211 11~~~:Y 17 II 7i I l 711il 711,1
117 ill, ST I, I'll" I, T,lill,
i1n, ,,:,, ,,
7"" 11 Till-i
ITI,
'TT17,1

Ail,71
11Il 71I T ITI IT
I 71IT'll 1P~~i: IT i
7 1 'I
1111 2
M117
1:iiji,

II'lli IT
I 1112 1
Illf II:1:11

77,77 11,15I
1 ,'I,, 11T 1179, %liiHI
11 :·ia "iT1.11
17711, 2ill, 7IT1111
17 I, I- I'll,
7Z '12i
7li IT, 7l7l Ill
on, I'll I'll IllI- IIIIII
I
,I IT Ili 71 17711,
II- 75,l15
 158 The Journal of ELECTRICAL WORKERS and Operators
17III
I'7E 5
II I21 III""S iilii
1I'll, 117 11
IIIIII 1711,1
,E1,1 Ili El,,,
IIII I
II, I 1
L'll
LIE If"
711 I 1514111
117 11 LI ?-'$61.'7
MEE, "'l
IEEE iiiir I ElLTE-li~t 71Ill E El Efi
IIIIE 7li '"1"
LI E1211 Ell ill 1 ,,- gl2I~l
i 3ii 2ga ll MIETI
I, 5?!* ""'"""
1 12Il
17Elli'
Ill II I
" Il"l; Millii , i 1117111; `L"lI
77116 l:illi 7 .,,I .7 Ill
""l
"I 171 LI IIIItr-Ik8 1"';"" I 112, ,E 7 12
"j:"li .:E::5I 17il 1 l11- 151,
lifll 1 21fi 11:: .-ELE fi
$L
21 II$ $7II~-
111ILL ELIi "I Elf
i' ILL' LI~
",'I ,I'll 1 ."f 150, IIIII
lllifi"
D::
II

El "II, I :I127I 1'Ill, 1771I:

111112 1 II:I51
"18.11
2

IL2 Elil 7 n:: W I i i8-17

EL"'""""
1777 1
Illi I M
1151 12
ill I II,,
fill' 71,11, if Sili
"'l
"'ii -Ill ii~iail IIIIIIH $
5 I- EE 1 11111 B.01 f 115~1
I I., IL IE 1
Ellill,"' irIlil I·· lilif iii1
"""Ei 11,51, "I'll:
"'" "" EL,
"I'lli 11 I I1
117111
11IIIIIII
I "III" IIIEEE!
EE.I L -`I1E 17111Eg
71211 11112 1 I 'lllll
EIII I I
flill E211 117

ii fiiill 1121 "'l I'lill IL

"i 'I'll "IT"
I~
~ ,1r,~,~
",'I I

tY2i 1-If:l ITI'll nn-s

I Ibll ",IT
"I'll I2122 E.Ell1
II flifu I~I
IL IIIII 1 7 iil 11 12
LET,, I1 1$4101E15?11
511"- I I 7
ITLI illil I l IEL57
17. I"II",?
II,, "I'll1 772LI
%·fl!
l " 11714 1111
IL I'l
if, I i f j~
El I I "I 1711li
I:":"L" 1 Mi I-il lil
IIII I21,11 I ELIII'l
ELIIII ]312t-51Il 9T9l
811115 *"'"5
B EL.
FO~71
"ili iii EILEiffll
E~lii , 1 Ill.
E,~a E~, I'll,6e4
I'lloliTL
,'I%;g Li'll1
III,"
I.if TI11
IIII
I'lli
11i "II, ,II,"
"I'll~
11lollii Ifill , 'I"i
I , IEE
1 7;Il ,ITT
715111
li li1 O ,'I"
Ililli 1ITT,., 1721111
,I,:
III_, 2f,11 "II,-
II11712"
,'I" ll , '"'"l
Iti:LIE5
"$n:
71, 1
IE L7I1 51ifill I ,

LIIllf
LIL71
LEE:P
l"ili
"I'Ll

"IT 1
Ill 1

'" I'l

LI'III
III1
I 1fil

'"i:

IIli
IMEI
APRIL, 1946 16I

I 1. I'll, I U. I 11,
I'll fill, ItIll, tf I'i I,,IM ITIIII "i II fff
"I'll It'll- III,,, "I ITT I In'tV IIIII7 1111171i 8-1111111,
T1192;1 1.1107 Mll III 211. 1-Ilill"ll. 113,
1311111 I-Illf- If-Ill 0 Tillil 11-115,111. ill 711, 111.
flill, IT-If ItTlIlIll ""I' 1-111lllllli Ill IT "I ATI.51.
11 tn'll lifill 8,141l- T17 ill. I", ITT, 111,
I, "I'll 7"IT170 IT Inlill U an"To li "" "'. 111; IIII, ,,II III
1111111 III211 8 All- 1.111, II W. ,, I,,. t'j: 7";
tf ll I-TI7 711 121 'iil linit 211.41, 1.11 1.17I I IIIIIT. 2fil. 111,
"I2.. ..... IIIII III T2:1111 Till 11I I'll "i llii I'll Im
ill, I 112111 I, 1.1111, ,I'll, 0.1111- "I'll. II .1fill I-Ili "I'Ma 'I,
17"I 11 In, II I,,- IIIIII I'll fill I III ill. Ild I I .
"I II II I J15TI7 'I Fill Ill"ll 8,41" ? if II :ITT IIII 17 7111I
111., 11il-- I 7117 II InIllil It.1111 II ft'll ni Ill. 171, ,,I, 7.
15i .I.111 ill ,.I 1litt'l I'M 11"I IT.; I'll II lflllli fill II'll Ill
II221i ,I liplit, 121, II , Ili IfItilti. "I
" II'; IM12
5,111
II2171 Ill- II IT IIIIII
112IIII 1.1111
Inlill "I'll I'llf" liIloill I'i
fli
T II,
71init, fill III.on,
'I,
'I
it.,

If """ 1-717 1 II711.1il I-Ili T2121;

"''-"'' IT
I,I,
it'll
Ill-,I 7
IIIIIIIII IIIIII, III-TIl
IT,, init"
II",

11711, I. I 1 11
pIII :11 -af inli 1
51in 11 I, InIt'll I'll" IIln-17'n In,
11 ··ll·7 5TI i..1111 1-IIII-17,111 III
~
,'I II:·
]l~!ni i 2[11fF IIITIII
II IT II
. .."I
Itillill Ill, 7 1,11
TIT 1II 1, I'll ff I',- 17I'll
1-fli~
Tfll 1171nd 11 pin"i IIf
iIll 711 11 Tll "Jifillp .-Ii lillil II, ITT Ill
17III, IIII91III II.IIIj InIIII iff"ll, I "II- 1.1111IT-Til .. nl, I I. filf-Ill'Iff IT, l7f
15-1111
17IN 7III 11 IIIJI, IfIllo 117 ill I 1"i
"ITT', 11,-17 1.1111-11711l, 11 I I'll,
11T n Ill· 1417= Illin, II IT III Till I I'll In
Iji I ILI, I-
124 Ti I1.121 I114n2l 11,1,21, ITT,
1 llflI ?.7:11 dIll't I. ....... "I
flin,21 I III I17TI
liffin, 11 "If I Ilti itlI
Ii Il~ .. "I'll Ifni 1. 11--. 117
innilin I 'Ii IT114 I., -11 .1 I,-n- f
71,11, 1 11,51.
17·· I- II1 2I 1 1,I :
liff,· IIIIII tf I IIi 11 II I I niffif
T.ibj
IITIII IIIIIIII I I,, .III,- 'ITT', 1-fif 7
1115 7i 71liol I11 ni 1 Ifflill, IIi ;i il ,'II, 5 "ll", IT I "T I I ,-fi II
INIT Ili" it" inj IT, 1
114fill! .,I.- 71l!O Ilit'l 1,
~1~~, iI If- I I11111-
nitin
51,11, 121,12 71 1nil 11 11 I I. Ill-Ilp'll I ITT Ilinl-illflpf
II-151 I
M- f 1773 117 IIII I182,
IT-711 71 ill llltfnlf I'll, I 117,
IMI ,172
if[if-- ITT II I IIII777 II' I I I 0.1210- 11 II 1 11ill f 11I1, I I
1-1
11-Ill in'tIfif
1~:~f ITTig7
Ij I 1-141 I- 11.31, I 0111114
tf 11 II I 71 I lo'. 'f7f . ....... _71110127 In, II
I- llf-
fI;II 11 22T,---~2:11! 17 Ifin I III 17 11 I... if II " U- 1 II 1 1 1 1illI Ii IIIIII
IT187U7 "IfT.71 1171.1 II. -
IIIIII 11I'll in I I IT II 11-Y I I 2I
7nlnff1It- 0 7 IT In 1230 -- I IIT Infl-
I II-I 11111- I, 'i I Ill I ini
7 ,I, I If I 1 17 it IIII21, "I'll
In Ii I· 1117 "I 1171 IT 1.1111- i T ill, 21, III
.. "IffillII 2II IIII ill- 1 7 Ill I 1. ",ITT ITT! I117 "II T
II If 7 In TInI IfIll I. Il lli-7 in
TI Ill 11IT, I II
1171,ill.. IIIIIIIIIIj I iiI7 1,1411 I 7 ill In
7fill 1I'll, I, I .77n. ,77 I
'ITi: 771TII Ill II- Nil if 71717 1111 it 'I "I'll lifill I ITITIT 4 I"I
I III) aJ21
1159Il L~ 1, III "I I- lillin ,, II 41 5o, flnfi Int,
ITT,·
1-11IT- 1112 In T. n2l
171n 2..IIi :liff 11 1,0111 I III, 'InpiI'I
I:1:lf 1 i Jfll IT17111 IT 1 1 I7 "I 11 7 IllII 11 T. llfinl l 117
fi I IT, I517TT
5-111nn III
illl In- f. 2 I72 11 I112
IIIIII ITT, I, 11117I-17, IT I 1In Iti I
ITl---1 IT, I......
IT'i-T, 7 ......
II IlTlEI1 I'll- ilit I if II 7T nnill T, II,
ITI11 Ii II Ilill . lnli T I I int I I I
II 7 nin
I ITT 'III- 'I Ili 715inflni 71 171 lf TIT I I-, I n4l T '71, I
IT-, "I I fif II I11I- 12f
I IiIII 117 Inn t,"i If
IT',, IT7172 1 7111;1 11 I17IIII ITT 1 In
IT 11II11 I- TI. I I, I IT I ni, IT 1 in
13 1. "Ill ITT 1; 12 nnnT
fill 1111 75 II 1
I 173I 11177I Illit- IIT,
it7 1-111, 11 fil it ITI'll 11 2 On 7 III I,
7l, II II IjiiT Iif 111i 1517 1:1.1
ITI, Il ii T, Itf I Ii 11 fill, 11 I I 'I I7 7 IT IT
II',," I 11,117 ,it 71 .. I'i wfl,
T IIIIiI71, I Ill-I
I,:: 717 ill 1 2 I'll'.
7,1211 Ill 31 1 8Iin- wl .Ill-if lit'll,
71,11I I'll :,in lol- In Ill ill, Ilil II
? I "I 17 II 11 InT I I'lillf 1117i 11 1 I11 InI.
in 17 I Il 11!i IT 11I I:I ,II,, 17fl I ITT- "I 11, .I it"no. IT.Iffi-Ill"I71 'III
11771 I1 171 111 11 1 T17
",IT I, I In, I I7 niln 71ni 'I',
-Tf Iii 4- TTI IIT 11IIIIT,-
IIIn I l7l "II in, 17
n1lil I,, in, Ill
lt 71 17 Ill I? Ii 1117I I I I I, ",-,,ITT I "I
it'll IIII, 111i 1115
Ilifli I, If-1411- In, ",-ITT, I I I
1 171
17 Iff
.- 1411- Ifill, III
ol 2 "I .I, I if If, 117 I I 1,74
1171IT IIT,, 11Iill
nT'I I1 17 :I 1-11 In
llii-nj IlinIn It I:T1II I IT. IT 71
TnT7,
it
.TT I
I It IT 1I lifil II, ,III ,,
1.7 MIT- 11111I .11, I,
ITT 1 li Wtf- I I I I I I IIf I ITI
TI I IT i,,, 07
IIII I I "'l- II I IT
IT I, TI I IT l`1I, I In7I
InTIl I, if
I7I 1 Ill II
ITI- II, ITT 11 I I i IT I Tin 7nn 1-11ilI.."i I 11
I It I I "I 15711,T I Ill I",IT,
,1711 I III I5, I. I I.Ii Ill I
1217fil Illot 1II,,i If I in, it Toll
II I2 II
Innol Tiffin lin, I I1.11 "I-, I it
liitl 11" I II, Ill I III I; I I, ,,,
InIll 1 i IT In T I I II it III,.- In I75
777 IT I 1 IfIll I I InIIIf7til"ll 777 11 I Tl I
7fIllf, Init 15 I'll r I IT 71
11 ttl I.,- 7"I III -IInit- Tf7 Ti II 11 "II "I
in 1111-ni 7i in, T121 1I II
Ini'll I-II-If IT III, inlitif
1111 II nI I'll " ITT, IT TI-IIT 11 T II
I IIIIITII-If I'll II, 11 11:71, .. In Ill
In 13 1I 117 1 II -,I I
Z i
IiII I IliflIll I I,-I I ITT 1, I
11TIT!, 11fill "I 119 -,I I 1157 I I'll
In I, 11 71, IT -ITT
,;I IT7 1111- 1,1111 I17 IT,, II n,
If I II,, n T 1. I 'IT inI IIIII-If II I',, II I,,l III
flit IIIT I, I in - TI
It .77 it 71, II"
7 It, ., II 11-11 If
'71 1li 'in IIII-1111I Ill, All
TTS. '3I I'T if I.-, Itill IT Inil I'll I In
1211il 'ItTI Iff"i I - I7 I I T ,, ;,"i II.. .....
it I1111
1 11I 2 , lIll, ;f
IT.... IT ITIOT11-111mil, III.
II 1117II
ISO The Jouroal of ELECTRICAL WORKERS and Operators
12) I. I
*I400I)7810. ll I4 I2-l4I
8 11,13111-It 71 Ii. B.407-oijcs4: sill.
i L~II II I I". _
S-1076-'37014 IT - I'll "I II 4-1114), 72. I III'
HIR SI)-711.1
910B65661172. "11I'll II 70111. 6117. 72413.'l
5?2.1211261. al.4I2II2. 11.2.7 0-110--I IIrsl1T u
074 1077. ;4I
'iI R~h.I 1149"111 " 0-II1i-23 ,112741. 3 41. B
I 114,141081 8I-ll 0-11
1 112. .-7-hil l1 , To1].
Bit -b "I'll2 , I I111 41 I
'B )4ll
115'l,I1I, 7-,I i
S.1o-2)1191.1 4. 1$111. 6,iih$-IIJLXS .
I 720007, B 681)01100411040. 745. 1118115 3.1:15 110 .2-Ii 0114197250
1Ill-114100. * 4T'1
i 12:1I 21. 1
800I 49,11411 T1. 3411
21. 214').IT1] 11)1). 117. 8 1S
l-11... 14141, .0 l 'I5lT I l 22 .
8.105.-i
It 3-11171. I711
B 50914
B47.1~Ll1211.. l ¥ . 11I1OiDiOll) 817'.
III.
'
'5-1711V3i 11,
11ii47441
:
T I'l 1). 1)
S5-1141-141011$. I'll,-14 2. 8-040-471024 Ill. S.I0-i 74)41 274. I T'1181,," 3 I Il> I 7114),41.
. ..... L14
.... ro.o5.82, il7311.. o 26-lS]73.
1 I 1 )211 3.04 0).B Ill3- il~l.1ill,
It 711.1)11i
1)11TT[141) 421,
i 4Th
ll 1
* -35- 11121 "l:liI0 I'll 0 I80Ml4,I,11
I0445 5, 11130-U 124110 5,0284,l 1 :122 .572.821
3419~1sl, I"a 4l 471,. 4*0. 0 6' 2651 ii.
557.-611117,1 I4l. Il 177
707-:LI3)lIII, I IJ114)11. 1141-2343Jil 1147 251. 8-1o60-IL11 1014 2)111. B.1306-Sll5:12. I 0 4 *6 l
II To 1I 1 1 I~ 1 . I1 624-71Il4' :
0.6-1)710I. 709410. o124,1)1I2 0A5&.AI475 ) 2512.:142. 45 411. T 11il44. II )1' 7 0-141 0-Il ill1 i5
-2:l4Ii7f.4i
II. 7, 1.73, 2 l " Ill, 1 )14,.71 14. 144, 712il 15.l
,i0-I*I'i7. 1641) 111544 7143. 11 73111ld]"I
7I
5l-79,ilS,11 3$ 11 111157re. 50. 1i1.e 41)14414. 147213 II 6)i""
1 i"It B-1262-It 51II5. 1114.,0-144-T l l0ll:. 2111li411 0,0671-I 7:11i27.1
:llh) "I . II 17,15 I 2401
5,4117, 117 1 4944. 140141 I'i iel ROil 6011 )4i,776117.I . a 8271 . 40.
... I '47-I r11,3i1') 20-511
72-161.-4 117I Il 414-roi :1 w 0 0110. 613. 0111 014,' -10- 21112 alf l ,-,,5f l l4017017 . It 28411541, 057-)014
C.olIII. II *-iilI l 4]11110,4)70,
--.
9-735-I ,0-xll I-
ris145:, I"I I .
n47oix'"" ii tr'~so Icoitvis 114 25I-00
1.I I
l027
w77-rI'll15, 028149 411111411), 444401 0.1 %-l 774114.11. LA K I010f
I I
S.1e11) 73), 17-05h11 II1 711.
I011.
41,
071 74'4I13
Toll
0.743-737273, ll I. I~l ')
1142, 15.I 21
Ill0-l 424:) 8IIO24i151
I., I-H iiid74. 762-o,13 11'114,4 0.000-F 1)1 IZ 121. 17i711, 305 ~ ~ ~ ~~ 06-'2Tli 14 1444, 41-
I 44'll
B.44111 011141 -11-l 3111 9-81413, B1047114l6 1..11
lsi 404
Th5+O"'ll". 8.001-It1)10112 B. I 1-Il 2017 .31f 717. 1
o14-,i ii 1458041 0- 7)1,11911. 114,
I OO211121] To. B-o 1,Il 2. RVOUL 480l 8-I241-1114911).
II7+141115i0. B705121171I7 lO-1011-4, 141
"I'll.
SO'1-1072011, 8-6-t 11,1773 5
ii4. B10-4
' I l4i 42-l6421 0.4-. u.o... . 121
4... 423"II . 2
B. 1120-I511 10.21, Vej o0.e IIU7
II 1111144
0I8- 17)l44,
MIT. POEIOUSY LSTE
63-lo'15,3 1 11)0111. 045-U114117. 0 pn VIOUSLY LoISTE
Pn EVI"OULY L STE1
63-1.1117 1172
a4-137Ž.i 1 4 2A 1111.
O.23*1494 iiSfII4111.8O
[472). M
B 1-oII 93275)'ElV
CS'Nf-REC
8.424`ilo 511"144 '97570 I-X 1474
I'l .70-I 1):1V02:4Thl i1O1-.72151

WOMAN'S WOR: K
IContInued frll'on 70l
have to be thinned out, others will have to
be transplanted. Let them grow undisturbed
141) Members'
of the plants call get at it. 1akup te until tley begin to bush out and are about
lumps in the soil with a hoe en1d iake it two inches tall. Water them first so that
down until it looks pulveizeidh It wouhl be earth will cling to the roots. Then make a
Leather
well to put fertilizer on you r beris to eln- hole for each, fill it with water and place
rich them. After your e.arth is prepared you the seedling in it making sur- that the
Pocket holder
a
wait awhile before planting our seeds to are well spread out. Draw earth all
.roots
let the soil settle. When the t me has come durable,
around the plant and press down fiBm.
for sowing the seeds he ure! I scatter them Seels of the following flowers, in fairly handsome
over the whole surface as I venly and as moderate climates (central zone), may be folder
thinly as possible. Then we pross the seeds sown in late March and early April: Sweet to contain
down into the soil to aid in germination. alyssum, snapdragons, marigolds, corn- Official
After the seeds are planted gi ye the ground flowers, ehrysanthemum s, larkspur, pinks, Receipts
a very gentle watering with a fine spray poppies, snow on - the - mountain, baby's brown or black
When the seedlinlgs coni I Inm ,any will breath, sunflowers, candytuft, sweeti peas
(plant these very early traditimon says ni 35 cents
St. Patrick's Day), fouroDelocks, forget-
a me-nots, Chinese lanterns, pansies and
zinnias.
The following flowers should he planted in it. Then build up your tiny garden bit by
late April and early May atert the anger bit, tucking the loots of your plants well
of freezing is past: African daisies, asters, int, the moss. Wonderful combination s can
eocescomb, cosmos, dahliast bachelor but- be made-- baby ferns, hepaticas, violets,
tons, morning glories, lupines, sock, pe- crocus alndInowlilop bulbs (for spring
tunias, phlox, p'ortulaca, mignonette, scar- blossoming when,, gardens are made suffi-
let sage, nastultiumns, verbena. ientsly early) andl all sorts of little sur-
The following are tender plants which pise plants you'll find in the woods, can
must not be sown until there is no danger be combined fiol various effects. Or per-
of frost and the earth has become warm haps you peofro to buy a hyacinth or nar-
about the middle of May: Ageratum, bal- cissus bulb in the ten-cent store. Put it in
loon vine, gourds, hyacinth bean, straw- a bowl with ptbbils and water and watch
flowers, heliotrope, lantana, butterfly flower. it grow and bloom.
Now all you folks who live in apartments
or tiny houses without yards, cheer up. Whatever your situation, lady, get out
Window box gardening is fascinating. Get and g..ow soomething. Dig, and I don't mean
be a hept.t. God's green eatth and grow-
· ~E~pl : good soil, see that you have proper drain-
ing things ar- good enjoy them
age and then fill your box with the little
You want the JOURNAI! WeI want you to glowing plants a geranium, an agelatunr
have the JOURNAL! or two, a little sweet alyssum, a colius and
When you move notify us of rthe change oa a couple of baby petunias, with perhaps a
residence It once, splig of ivy at each end. These will make
a beauti ul box and all of the plants named How International Office Uses
Name -...... ......... adlajpt themselves readlily to window box Research Dato
growth.
Local Union ...... ......... And for all you poor dears who haven't 1. Places I. O, iln lost f.avorable position
a bit of earth to call your own, make your- of aly international office of ally labor ulloll.
New Address...... ......... self a dish garden. In the spring, in the 2. Enables I. O. to prepare briefs to ap-
woods, you'll find all sorts of wonderful peal' in cases before private employers and
little plants and mosses to put in dish ga'- goveunimelltali departme ts.
..........
ZONE NO. diens. This can become a fascinating hobby 3. Enables 1. O, to know instantly wages,
andil if you start early enough you may hours, working conditions and employment
Old Addres-
---............ want to make an extra one or two for an status of members..
ZONE NO. Easter gift. 4. Enables T.I0. Ito watch trend of ele-
To make a dish garden, choose a pretty trical work F .. n one field to anotherl.
INrIZRNATIONAt flROTIOE
EIICTRICAL WOUR (IIOn1 o bowl, not too shallow, not too deep. Put 5. Makes p.rmta.nellt ceQOIOie record over
1200 15tI St.. N. W., WaMlii teo 5. D0 C. loose earth in hirst and then pack moss ovel inny years for the entire union.
Arrears., Oflria Nt) Ire ot. per IOI - 540 I.edger looe-leal I.,e earc, .nrltwd in Seal S~~DI
(I""*
(porket ----------------
… ……l....... -7.1 30.,
Accoimitt hook. Iin-asurer's .90 traveling rards ....... Iree
Bok,. 3m0IPlP tlu I. S. (small .... .212 l.edtrr ,heeb for above, per 00. 2Z Wi(Ihdra'.a Cards, with Tran1s C$,
Book. MintPe .,t R, S. (large) 3.00 it . " o0e11l
Pper, I .... Leter. per 100 -... 12.1 5J per doteji-40......
See!, II.ay - --- It1 I~araittok, MIr R. S. li
BRook, Ioli l .. ... ..... . ..ISO ~
Ritulals.tab., ~
etr. rac~ .-i
- -- --- I - - 1.50
lieeelnit Boo~k, A pplirants (400re
Carbon' for Rieeeit Io~ BO. RS ceiD kf)1 p 5 FOR E. W. B. A.
Charnrds. uiiplicnae .)I0O Ieeeipt lI'okI *.'ppllcalts (730 re-
C Iot'llitll p '0
102r 7.5 Book, Miti-ut- ------- - -0
eis). ............ 3.50 Charters, i)upleateo …...............
Su... i.qgle -. .- .... .1
IIIeetriuI Workel( .I ,~~~~~~~~~i
SlibsCript1on per Reinsta~tenment Bl]nks, per 400 ......-- 5
RteeipFt l'lllk, .Me 2.0
.bersree ts) I.75 COS.titUt1t1O and fy-Law,, per 100_ - .5O
y3,,bearI,. OI
Envelopes.,411M .'lll
II*]14; 2.00
O*] Single Copile- ...........-.......- .l
Receilp Iook* etbers (70 reId its) 3.30
Labels, eeleontelma (large 11'. RiIIti I[ each .-..... 25
mahi t, fabricating i).. Receip BLok. MTscellaneous (00 re-
PIr 0 P .20 e'tpt.)
Rcni
-3.30 JEWELRY
Rflcipt tourlnr,
Blook. iseln
per 1,000 ......... 15 s 050.. cc-
Oertrime assessnmtet
No. 1-toid Filled Emblem Gilt Tie
Receipt 14*ook. Over~irmia issessiane~u Clsp .... 1.00
Labeds, DcItPPlrm.[ia (eqbtIpnvlt. (t50 3.50 a-O
-NO, ktI {d LIapel Iuttl - 1,10
ma^in"e·t"nce (300yrrirtpni)
rece TPP.ty 30It,)- 7 No 3-Rilcl (,ld Pin (.or dlait) Ž
Receipt Book, Temrporary (750 e- N'o. 4--Role d Gild Lapel Hutton .75
per 00 .... ceints) .3....0
PMr 1,001
"Iper ,101perptOO1,1
" Ia"I}.0 II h......6§2.,75 No. 5-10 kt. (;ld Butilto R olled
]Labels, Metal, pci
P.,d,50.00 ]00
I47.00, F..I. 2.>0
.. IReceip B1ook. TemporIIry (00 re- Glld Tie (lytp L.75
Labels, 'aper, N sm,
st""t"t au'" PIPol], [,Id,.
per ]00 "" .2( cOipIs) .h75 No. $-.-* ha. Gold Lapel Button. ] .5
Labels, P;por, IIer 1(111 .. .20 ReceIptBItook , temprary (9 e- No. 7--]0 ];[. G;old lapel Bntto,' 17
~abels,
lIl I ill lre
laper. iarge sitte for ltouse Relpits) ..... ..... No, 8-10 ItI. Gold Dhlamonnid Shape
I:nimbmGo.dulFlledTie SIde 4100
wlrTne* , per1·0 ,35 ReceiIpt 5O0, Financial Secrei ry' 25
ledg;er. lon( (eat billder Fllron' la Receipt Biooik. TreasUrer's 23 'No. IO--l0 Pt (Glld Ring 10.50
Seereta ry's 26 lab Index 8.S0 No. 1l-JO k£. Gold Badge oI Hfonoi. 2.21
ReceipI Bolders. Members' Leather (10,I0 , 21)and.2Nt or')
Ledger paper to lit above ledger, pocket, folding. each - - .$
per I0O IS1 No. 12-1-.t I OI E;. ledM: hlled
Ledger. Finaitrial Sercrtaiy'i. 100 RecipL Holder,. Members' Pocket. GIlId ('haIn Ti Clasp 4350
2.50 Crlluliol, sold only in bulk, Small- No. 3--Gold Plated At ,iiXary Pin
pages -
Ledger. Financial Serretary*t ZOO per 1 (For Ladites) _a _t
... 3.0 No. I--Gold Filled W.ar ValrilI
pages 3,75
Ledger, hitynods Stireetarys. 400 Research yerkly report cards, per 100 .4 Sitton -- --- It
pages 0 Seal. cut .............. 1.011 No. 35--iea v) 10 It. Gold URi1 -i. S0
I-
dt-xlra Hleavy Bindring) Seal ................ 5.00 ]e'q ry not sent C. 0 D.

The above zrtiees wil be supplied when the resufite amount oI csh rcconl.zi.,es the
order. Otherrni' rhr rder vii not lie recoPi,,.zed. A ul sent by us PIue postagIe or ez-
.ple
pweas cqlarc repaiPd.
liraqs ll7.lrcr'nih O(lII eq 0. 9i , 0, 0%. [,1. '2. 12. UV,

METAL.
M*~LABEL
ADDRESS, CG.
M. BUGNIAZET . S.
1200 Fifteenth St. N. W. Washington 5. D. C.
 M AN has learned how to release the energy of the atom
and to direct it to destroy life. Man has learned how
to release the tremendous energies of mankind in a great
production effort likewise directed to the destruction of life
and property to force the submission of other men,
Bu-t thus far man has been unable- in fact hc has failed
miserably-to release the energies of mankind in a great
productive effort lor peace and human welfare. There is a
note offluttery infantilism in this prattle about man's abil-
4
ity to barness the power of the splitting atom for the ways
¶
4P'
k¶ ot peace. It will be no easier than tie task of harnessing
4 man's direct energies for the ways of peace and human 4

progress. Both problems have as their center the moral ques

tion of all the ages -can man learn to be divinely human
with his fellow men. Science may help him to learn but
science offers no tool to an easy victory in this struggle
within the individual, The great viciories of the luture look
ins toward peace and man s progress toward his inherent
divinity must be wvon in the preponderance of men's hearts
and minds.
GORDON R. ('A1 xp